WO2020151604A1 - Led display screen - Google Patents
Led display screen Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020151604A1 WO2020151604A1 PCT/CN2020/072888 CN2020072888W WO2020151604A1 WO 2020151604 A1 WO2020151604 A1 WO 2020151604A1 CN 2020072888 W CN2020072888 W CN 2020072888W WO 2020151604 A1 WO2020151604 A1 WO 2020151604A1
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- light
- led
- shielding frame
- display screen
- led display
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L33/48—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor body packages
- H01L33/58—Optical field-shaping elements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
- G09F9/00—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements
- G09F9/30—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements
- G09F9/33—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements being semiconductor devices, e.g. diodes
Definitions
- the invention belongs to the field of display technology, and specifically relates to an LED display screen.
- LED lamp beads have the characteristics of high luminous brightness.
- the large screen composed of dot matrix can display very high brightness (for example, higher than 500Nit).
- the LED lamp beads can be individually controlled to turn on and off, the screen can span from low to high.
- a large brightness range makes it easier to achieve HDR (High Dynamic Range) display effects.
- the light-emitting spectrum of the LED chip is relatively wide, and the combination of red, green and blue covers a large color range, which can easily meet the DCI color gamut standard, and even challenge the REC2020 color gamut standard.
- the LED display has high display uniformity, which is very suitable for making large screens (above 50 square meters).
- LED array display Due to these advantages of LED array display, coupled with the continuous reduction in the cost of related components and the continuous maturity of technology, some manufacturers have successively introduced LED array displays to present high-quality images, such as Samsung’s Cinema LED Screen and Sony’s Crystal display. . LED large-screen displays have gradually entered the field of high-quality video projection. As the technology continues to mature, the application scenarios will continue to expand.
- the LED lamp beads corresponding to each pixel in the LED screen cannot fill the entire pixel size, and the large distance between the LED lamp beads results in a strong image display, and the brightness distribution is extremely uneven, making the audience feel dazzling.
- the technical solution with application publication number CN104049374A provides an LED screen that can realize surface light emission.
- the LED screen is provided with a barrier frame array 013 with a reflective film on the inner wall between the pixels of the LED pixel point array 011 to ensure that adjacent LED pixels do not crosstalk; and further in the barrier frame array 013 A homogenizing plate 014 is set on it to improve the uniformity of light.
- the barrier frame frame 013 is arranged in a rectangular manner.
- the rectangular barrier frame frame has poor bending resistance and will be bent during actual assembly. Long-term use is likely to cause deformation, which makes the life of the LED screen shorter.
- the side length of the barrier frame is longer, which makes the black interval seam more obvious when viewing the LED screen and cannot achieve the best pixel filling rate.
- the present invention aims to provide an LED display screen.
- the present invention realizes a significant enhancement of display quality without requiring a substantial increase in cost.
- the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:
- An LED display screen characterized in that it comprises:
- the LED array includes a plurality of LED light-emitting units, and the LED light-emitting units are arranged on a substrate;
- the diffusion film is arranged on the light emitting side of the LED array
- the regular six-sided light-shielding frame is arranged between the LED array and the diffusion film, and includes a hollow grid array including a plurality of hollow grids, and the hollow grids correspond to the LED light-emitting units one-to-one, and the The projection of the hollow grid on the substrate surrounds its corresponding LED light-emitting unit.
- the wall thickness on the light entrance side and the light exit side of the regular hexagonal light-shielding frame are the same.
- the wall thickness of the regular hexagonal light-shielding frame ranges from 0.2 mm to 1.2 mm, preferably 0.3 mm to 0.7 mm.
- the wall thickness on the light entrance side and the light exit side of the regular six-sided light-shielding frame are different, wherein the wall thickness of the regular six-sided light-shielding frame gradually decreases from the light entrance side to the light exit side.
- the wall thickness of the light-incident side of the regular six-sided light-shielding frame is w2, and the size of w2 ranges from 0.7 mm to 1.2 mm.
- the wall thickness of the light emitting side of the regular six-sided light-shielding frame is w1, and the size of w1 ranges from 0.2 mm to 0.5 mm.
- the side wall of the regular hexagonal light-shielding frame has an inclination angle, and the inclination angle ranges from 3° to 5°.
- the height of the regular hexagonal light-shielding frame is t, and the size of t is in the range of 3mm-6mm.
- the side wall of the regular hexagonal light-shielding frame is provided with a light reflection layer or a light absorption layer.
- the regular hexagonal shading frame is manufactured by 3D printing, injection molding, or splicing criss-cross shading strips.
- the LED light-emitting unit includes RGB three-color light-emitting chips, and the arrangement of the RGB three-color light-emitting chips is perpendicular to the side length of the regular six-sided light-shielding frame or parallel to the sides of the regular six-sided light-shielding frame long.
- the LED display screen of the present invention adopts a regular hexagonal light-shielding frame structure and a diffusion film. Under the same resolution of the LED display screen and the same light-shielding frame structure wall thickness, the regular hexagonal light-shielding frame The area of the black spacer where the structure is attached to the diffusion film is smaller, and the filling rate of the LED display is higher.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a barrier frame array in the prior art.
- Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the LED display screen of the present invention.
- Figure 3 is a top view of three light-shielding frame structures of the LED display screen.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an LED display screen according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a light-shielding frame of an LED display screen according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the light-shielding frame of the LED display screen in the second embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of an LED display screen according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 8 is a simulation diagram of chromatic aberration when the RGB chips of the LED are arranged perpendicular to the side length of the light-shielding structure.
- Fig. 9 is a simulation diagram of chromatic aberration when the RGB chips of the LED are arranged parallel to the side length of the light-shielding structure.
- the present invention provides an LED display screen, which is characterized by comprising: an LED array, including a plurality of LED light-emitting units, the LED light-emitting units are arranged on a substrate; a diffusion film is arranged on the light-emitting side of the LED array; The light-shielding frame structure is arranged between the LED array and the diffusion film, and includes a hollow grid array including a plurality of hollow grids.
- the hollow grids correspond to the LED light-emitting units one to one, and the hollows
- the projection of the grid on the substrate surrounds its corresponding LED light-emitting unit; specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, the regular six-sided light-shielding frame includes two structural arrangements, the first structure of the regular six-sided light-shielding frame is The wall thickness of the light side and the light exit side are the same; the wall thickness of the light entrance side and the light exit side of the regular hexagonal light-shielding frame of the second structure is different, and the wall thickness of the regular hexagonal light-shielding frame gradually decreases from the light entrance side to the light exit side.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the LED display screen of the present invention.
- the present invention provides an LED display screen 1000, which includes a substrate 10, an LED array 100, a regular six-sided light-shielding frame 200 and a diffusion film 300 arranged in sequence.
- the diffusion film 300 is arranged on the light emitting side of the LED array 100.
- the LED array 100 is an array composed of a plurality of LED light-emitting units 110 (ie, LED lamp beads), which are arranged on the substrate 10, and each light-emitting point serves as a single pixel of the display screen.
- One LED light-emitting unit 110 corresponds to one of the LED display screens.
- the regular six-sided light-shielding frame 200 is arranged between the LED array 100 and the diffusion film 300 and includes a hollow grid array including a plurality of hollow grids 210.
- the pitch of the hollow grid 210 is consistent with the dot pitch of the LED light-emitting unit and has a one-to-one correspondence with the LED light-emitting unit 110.
- the hollow grid has uniform spacing and a certain thickness of side walls.
- Each LED light-emitting unit is placed directly under the hexagonal light-shielding frame grid. It is also possible to align or slightly deviate from the center, as long as the hollow grid is on the substrate.
- the projection on 10 surrounds its corresponding LED light-emitting unit.
- Each grid of the regular six-sided light-shielding frame has six side walls, which can be either an absorbing layer or a reflective layer. In short, none of the six side walls can transmit light. This arrangement uses highly reflective sidewalls to homogenize the LEDs, so that the brightness of each pixel can be evenly distributed, while avoiding light crosstalk between pixels.
- the light emitted by the LED array 100 can be emitted through the projection area of the regular hexagonal light shielding frame on the diffusion film 300.
- the diffusion film 300 covers the top of the six-sided light-shielding frame 200 to further enhance the viewing angle of the screen, and at the same time play a role in covering, so that the LED display has a smooth display image, regardless of whether it is viewed from a distance or close, under various ambient light conditions. There are continuous and uniform display images.
- the light emitted by the LED array shines on the diffuser film, making the diffuser film a new "passive light source", which improves the pixel filling rate.
- the diffuser film has a divergent effect on the light, increasing the viewing angle of the LED display.
- the side wall of the grid of the regular six-sided light-shielding frame plays a role of guiding light and limiting the light crosstalk between the pixels.
- the regular six-sided light-shielding frame needs to be greater than a certain height to make the illumination distribution within the pixels uniform. High pixel filling rate and uniform illumination distribution help to improve the accuracy of LED display point-by-point correction.
- the size range of the pitch p of the light shielding frame 200 is 0.1 mm to 10 mm, and the preferred size range of the pitch is 2 mm to 5 mm.
- the wall thickness of the shading frame ranges from 0.05 mm to 2 mm, the height of the shading frame 200 ranges from 0.5 mm to 10 mm, and the preferred height range is from 2 mm to 5 mm.
- the reflective layer When the reflective layer is provided on the sidewall of the grid of the regular hexagonal light-shielding frame, it can be a specular reflective layer, such as aluminum silver powder, or a high-reflectivity scattering particle coating. If the material of the regular hexagonal light-shielding frame 200 has high reflectivity, such as a metal material, no additional reflective layer is required.
- the regular six-sided shading frame can be made in a variety of ways, such as: 3D printing, injection molding, or splicing crisscross shading strips.
- the preferred manufacturing process is metal mold injection.
- the molding materials are PC, PMMA, PVC, PP, PA , PLA, ABS, PET, PTFE, etc.
- a method for large-scale production of regular hexagonal light-shielding frames is proposed. Specifically, the first is the production of metal molds, that is, metal molds with the same structure as the hexagonal light-shielding frame are made by metal processing. Then use a silicone mold to re-mold to make, specifically, to reprint the structure of the metal mold with a silicone mold to form the reverse structure of the hexagonal shading frame, and then use the silicone mold to inject the hexagonal shading frame.
- the hexagonal light-shielding frame is quickly manufactured by means of metal mold injection.
- an opaque coating needs to be coated on the inner side wall of the regular hexagonal light-shielding frame.
- this method uses resin material as the molding material for metal mold injection, which does not have high reflectivity or light absorption, so it is necessary to coat the inner wall with an opaque coating.
- the preferred method is an electroless plating method based on the reduction of silver by dopamine (corresponding to the silver reflective layer), as well as the reflective paint immersion method, spraying method, and the like.
- a reflective layer is provided on the inner wall of the light-shielding frame, and when the LED light-emitting unit 110 emits light toward the hollow light-shielding frame, the light beam is reflected by the reflective layer and then exits through the optical diffusion film. It is understandable that, when the light-shielding frame has a certain height, the light beam emitted by the light-emitting unit is reflected once by the reflective layer and then exits. Other light beams, especially the light beam incident on the reflective layer at a small angle, can exit after multiple reflections. . Therefore, the light beams emitted by the LED light-emitting units are reflected and emitted, which is beneficial to improve the uniformity of the light beam distribution.
- the six-sided reflective wall surrounded by the reflective layer of the shading frame can be equivalent to an optical integrator rod to homogenize the light of the LED light-emitting unit.
- the specific reflective layer can be a specular reflective layer or a diffuse reflective layer.
- the specular reflective layer can be a metal reflective coating, such as a silver reflective layer, an aluminum reflective layer, etc., or a composite layer of media with different refractive indexes.
- the diffuse emission layer can also be a diffuse reflection layer with a certain divergence angle. The reflection effect of the diffuse reflection layer on incident light is different from that of the specular reflection layer.
- the reflected light presents a light cone shape, that is, the reflected light diffuses at a certain angle. According to the angular distribution of the reflected light, it can be divided into Lambertian reflective layer, Gaussian reflective layer, etc.
- the reflected light incident on the Lambertian reflective layer presents a Lambertian distribution (uniform angular distribution of 180°) and incident on the Gaussian reflective layer
- the reflected light shows a Gaussian distribution (the beam is more concentrated in the center beam position, and the center beam is the beam when it is reflected by the mirror).
- Figure 3 is a top view of the regular hexagonal shading frame of the present invention and the other two kinds of shading frames.
- the top views of the different shading frames are regular hexagon 301, square 302, and circle 303.
- the wall thickness of the shading frame is the same, At this time, two-dimensional graphics can be used to calculate the filling rate relationship between different shading frames.
- the top view of each light-shielding frame includes multiple light-shielding units, and each light-shielding unit corresponds to a pixel unit S1, S2, and S3.
- the area of the pixel unit corresponding to the light-shielding unit is equal, it is assumed that the area of the pixel unit is 1, namely S1
- the areas of S2 and S3 are all 1.
- the perimeter of the corresponding pixel unit is 3.72, square 4, and 3.54 circle. It can be seen that the regular hexagon is 7% shorter than the square perimeter, which corresponds to the three-dimensional shading frame structure.
- the black gap area of the LED display screen corresponding to the hexagonal shading frame structure Smaller, higher pixel fill rate. From the above calculation, it is found that the circle 303 is the limit case of the polygon, and the circumference is the shortest. However, since the circular shading units cannot be seamlessly connected to each other, the opaque area on the shading structure becomes significantly larger, which is not suitable for increasing the pixel filling rate.
- the regular hexagonal frame structure effectively shortens the length of the perimeter, and the structure itself has the advantage of increasing the pixel filling rate. It should be noted that this is to facilitate calculations and illustrate the advantages of the regular hexagon over the square.
- the invention of this case does not It is not limited to the regular six-sided light-shielding frame structure, and all six-sided light-shielding frame structures that can realize seamless splicing fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 shows the overall structure of the LED display screen of the present invention.
- the following is divided into a plurality of embodiments to respectively describe the regular six-sided light-shielding frame of the present invention, and the specific structures are respectively described.
- the drawings of the embodiments are mainly described with a schematic structural diagram of a single pixel unit of the LED display screen.
- the regular six-sided light-shielding frame 200 has a uniform wall thickness design, that is, the light-incident side wall thickness and the light-exit side wall thickness of the light-shielding frame are the same as w, and the range of the wall thickness w is 0.2mm-1.2mm, preferably It is 0.3mm-0.7mm, the height of the shading frame is t, and the range of t is 3mm-6mm.
- the regular six-sided light-shielding frame 200 is arranged in contact with the diffusion film 300, the regular six-sided light-shielding frame 200 is arranged in contact with the substrate 100, the LED light-emitting unit 110 is arranged on the substrate 10, and the side wall of the light-shielding frame structure is provided with a scattering layer.
- the reflectivity is 60%-95%, preferably 80%-90%; the light diffusion angle of the scattering layer is 50°-90°; more preferably 80°-90°.
- the corresponding wall thickness of the regular six-sided shading frame of the LED display screen is w, and the side length is a.
- the linear relationship between the filling rate and the wall thickness of the pixel unit can be obtained when the side length of the regular six-sided light-shielding frame is unchanged.
- the filling rate decreases linearly.
- the side length a corresponding to the hexagonal shading frame is 2.69mm.
- the shading frame Since the shading frame is used to prevent the light crosstalk between adjacent LED light-emitting units, and at the same time, it acts as a support for the diffusion film. Therefore, the wall thickness of the shading frame cannot be made very thin when the wall thickness of the shading frame is the same.
- the shading frame is usually manufactured by an open-mold injection molding process, and the process also has a certain yield limit on the wall thickness.
- connection method between the light-shielding frame and the diffusion film and the substrate of this embodiment is not limited to the direct connection shown in FIG. 4, and it should be understood that the light-shielding frame can be spaced apart from any structure of the diffusion film and the substrate, namely There is a gap between the light-shielding frame and the diffusion film or substrate; or the light-shielding frame is spaced apart from the diffusion film and the substrate at the same time, that is, there is a gap between the light-shielding frame and the diffusion film and the substrate at the same time.
- the advantage of this design is that part of the light emitted by the LED light-emitting unit enters the diffusion film from the gap, which can further reduce the area of the gap of the light-shielding frame, thereby increasing the filling rate of the LED display.
- the shading frame is composed of a plurality of shading units; each shading unit is provided with an LED light-emitting unit; the center of the LED light-emitting unit coincides with the center of the shading unit , An optical diffusion film is attached to the light exit side of each shading unit; wherein the light entrance side and the light exit side of the shading frame correspond to different wall thicknesses, and the wall thickness of the regular six-sided shading frame is gradually from the light entrance side to the light exit side Decrease; the wall thickness corresponding to the light incident side of the shading frame is w2, and the range of w2 is 0.7mm-1.2mm, the wall thickness of the light emitting side of the shading frame is w1, and the range of w1 is 0.2mm-0.5mm;
- the side wall of the light-shielding frame structure has an inclination angle ⁇ , the side wall of the light-shielding frame structure has an inclination angle ⁇ of 3
- the light area on the light entrance side corresponding to each shading unit is smaller than the light area on the light exit side; that is, the wall thickness w1 on the light exit side in FIG. 8 is smaller than the wall thickness w2 on the light entrance side.
- the inner side wall is used to reflect the light emitted by the LED light-emitting unit on the light-exit side of the regular hexagonal frame structure; the difference between the second embodiment and the first embodiment is that the wall thickness of the light-incident side and the light-exit side of the light-shielding frame are different.
- the light-shielding frame also acts as a support for the diffusion film in the present invention, so the wall thickness of the light-shielding frame cannot be infinitely small, and the structure of the second embodiment with different thicknesses on the light entrance side and the light exit side wall can solve this well.
- the problem is that the side of the light-shielding frame adjacent to the substrate has a large thickness, which can ensure the reliability of the support of the light-shielding frame on the diffusion film, and the side adjacent to the diffusion film has a small thickness, which can further increase the filling rate of the LED display.
- the wall thickness w1 of the light-emitting side of the LED display screen is in the range of 0.2-0.4mm; the side length a of the regular hexagonal shading frame is 2.69mm, which is brought into the calculation formula of the filling rate
- the achievable filling rate range is 82.8%-91.4%.
- the filling rate is greatly improved, and the inclined light-shielding frame is equivalent to a conical integrator rod, which can further compress the diffusion angle of the light emitted by the LED display screen, thereby reducing light crosstalk.
- connection between the light-shielding frame and the diffusion film and the substrate in this embodiment is not limited to the direct connection shown in FIG. 7. It can be understood that the light-shielding frame can be spaced apart from any structure of the diffusion film and the substrate, namely There is a gap between the light-shielding frame and the diffusion film or substrate; or the light-shielding frame is spaced apart from the diffusion film and the substrate at the same time, that is, there is a gap between the light-shielding frame and the diffusion film and the substrate at the same time.
- the advantage of this design is that part of the light emitted by the LED light-emitting unit enters the diffusion film from the gap, which can further reduce the area of the gap of the light-shielding frame, thereby increasing the filling rate of the LED display.
- the following analysis of the positional relationship between the specific LED light-emitting unit and the regular six-sided light-shielding frame illustrates the color difference of the LED display at different viewing angles, including two specific embodiments.
- the LED light-emitting unit of the LED display including RGB light-emitting chips as an example
- the first The arrangement direction of the RGB light-emitting chips of the embodiment is perpendicular to the side length of the regular six-sided light-shielding frame, as shown in FIG. 8;
- the arrangement direction of the RGB three-color light-emitting chips of the second embodiment is parallel to the side length of the regular six-sided light-shielding frame, as shown in Fig. 9 Shown.
- the positional relationship between the LED light-emitting unit and the light-shielding frame will have a certain influence on the parallax.
- the specific analysis is as follows.
- u'and v' are the color coordinates in the CIELUV color coordinate system
- u'ref and v'ref are the color coordinates when the viewing angle is 0°.
- the horizontal axis is the deviation from the normal line of the LED display ( The normal line corresponds to the viewing angle of 0 degrees)
- the vertical axis is the color deviation Du'v'. The larger the value of Du'v', the greater the color difference between the light at the measurement angle and the light at 0 degrees.
- the horizontal viewing angle or vertical viewing angle here is based on the center position of the LED display, that is, the horizontal viewing angle or vertical viewing angle corresponding to the center position is 0°, and the center position is horizontally to the left and right of the LED display.
- the horizontal viewing angle on the side gradually increases, and the longitudinal viewing angle from the center position along the vertical direction to the upper and lower sides of the LED display gradually increases.
- the positional relationship between the LED light-emitting unit and the light-shielding frame does not cause chromatic aberration in the viewing angle of the LED display screen, that is, the LED light-emitting unit can be arranged at any position in the six-sided light-shielding frame.
- the present invention provides an LED display screen.
- the light-shielding frame has a smaller bonding interval with the diffusion film, which further increases the light filling rate of the LED display and improves the optics of the LED display. display effect.
- the LED display can be applied to scenes such as theaters, living rooms, office spaces, and billboards.
- the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned optional embodiments, and anyone can derive other products in various forms under the enlightenment of the present invention.
- the above-mentioned specific embodiments should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention should be defined in the claims, and the description can be used to interpret the claims.
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Abstract
The present invention belongs to the technical field of LED display. Disclosed is an LED display screen, characterized by comprising: an LED array containing a plurality of LED light-emitting units disposed on a substrate; a diffusion film disposed at a light emission side of the LED array; and a regular hexagonal light-shielding frame disposed between the LED array and the diffusion film, and comprising a hollow grid array containing a plurality of hollow grids, wherein the hollow grids correspond one-to-one to the LED light-emitting units, and projections of the hollow grids on the substrate respectively surround the LED light-emitting units corresponding thereto. The invention adopts a regular hexagonal light-shielding frame structure and a diffusion film, such that, when the LED display screen resolution and the wall thickness of the light-shielding frame structure are preconditioned, the invention can reduce an area of black gaps formed between the regular hexagonal light-shielding frame structure and the diffusion film attached thereto, and improve the fill rate of the LED display screen.
Description
本发明属于显示技术领域,具体涉及一种LED显示屏。The invention belongs to the field of display technology, and specifically relates to an LED display screen.
LED灯珠具有发光亮度高的特点,其点阵组成的大屏幕可以显示很高的亮度(例如高于500Nit),同时由于LED灯珠可以被单独控制亮灭,屏幕可以从低到高跨越很大的亮度区间,比较容易实现HDR(High Dynamic Range)显示效果。LED芯片的发光光谱比较宽,红绿蓝组合的颜色覆盖了很大的色彩区间,可以轻松满足DCI色域标准,甚至可以挑战REC2020色域标准。除了亮度和色域的优势外,LED显示屏的显示均匀性高,非常适合制作大尺寸(50平方米以上)屏幕。由于LED阵列显示的这些优点,再加上相关元件的成本不断降低、技术不断成熟,一些厂商相继推出了LED阵列显示屏用于呈现高质量影像,例如三星的Cinema LED Screen和索尼的Crystal显示屏。LED大屏幕显示已经逐渐进入高质量视频放映领域,随着技术的不断成熟,应用场景会不断扩大。LED lamp beads have the characteristics of high luminous brightness. The large screen composed of dot matrix can display very high brightness (for example, higher than 500Nit). At the same time, because the LED lamp beads can be individually controlled to turn on and off, the screen can span from low to high. A large brightness range makes it easier to achieve HDR (High Dynamic Range) display effects. The light-emitting spectrum of the LED chip is relatively wide, and the combination of red, green and blue covers a large color range, which can easily meet the DCI color gamut standard, and even challenge the REC2020 color gamut standard. In addition to the advantages of brightness and color gamut, the LED display has high display uniformity, which is very suitable for making large screens (above 50 square meters). Due to these advantages of LED array display, coupled with the continuous reduction in the cost of related components and the continuous maturity of technology, some manufacturers have successively introduced LED array displays to present high-quality images, such as Samsung’s Cinema LED Screen and Sony’s Crystal display. . LED large-screen displays have gradually entered the field of high-quality video projection. As the technology continues to mature, the application scenarios will continue to expand.
但是,目前LED大尺寸显示还存在一些问题。例如,LED屏中对应每个像素的LED灯珠无法填满整个像素尺寸,各LED灯珠之间间距大,导致图像显示的颗粒感较强,而且亮度分布极不均匀,使观众感觉刺眼。However, there are still some problems with large-size LED displays. For example, the LED lamp beads corresponding to each pixel in the LED screen cannot fill the entire pixel size, and the large distance between the LED lamp beads results in a strong image display, and the brightness distribution is extremely uneven, making the audience feel dazzling.
为解决这一问题,申请公布号为CN104049374A的技术方案,提供一种可实现 面发光的LED屏。如图1所示,LED屏在LED像素点阵列011的像素之间设置了内壁为反射膜的障壁框框阵列013,用来保证相邻的LED像素点不发生串扰;并进一步在障壁框框阵列013上设置匀光板014,以提高光均匀性。To solve this problem, the technical solution with application publication number CN104049374A provides an LED screen that can realize surface light emission. As shown in Figure 1, the LED screen is provided with a barrier frame array 013 with a reflective film on the inner wall between the pixels of the LED pixel point array 011 to ensure that adjacent LED pixels do not crosstalk; and further in the barrier frame array 013 A homogenizing plate 014 is set on it to improve the uniformity of light.
然而,该技术方案中,障壁框框013采用矩形的方式排列,矩形障壁框框的抗弯曲能力差,在实际组装时会发生弯曲,长期使用容易造成变形,进而使得LED屏的寿命较短,另外矩形障壁框框在相同壁厚和面积的情况下,边长更长,使得在观看LED屏时的黑色间隔缝更明显,无法做到像素填充率最佳。However, in this technical solution, the barrier frame frame 013 is arranged in a rectangular manner. The rectangular barrier frame frame has poor bending resistance and will be bent during actual assembly. Long-term use is likely to cause deformation, which makes the life of the LED screen shorter. In the case of the same wall thickness and area, the side length of the barrier frame is longer, which makes the black interval seam more obvious when viewing the LED screen and cannot achieve the best pixel filling rate.
发明内容Summary of the invention
为了解决现有技术存在的上述问题的至少一项,本发明目的在于提供一种LED显示屏。本发明在不需要大幅增加成本的前提下,实现了显示质量的显著增强。In order to solve at least one of the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, the present invention aims to provide an LED display screen. The present invention realizes a significant enhancement of display quality without requiring a substantial increase in cost.
为解决上述技术问题,本发明采用的技术方案是:In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:
一种LED显示屏,其特征在于,包括:An LED display screen, characterized in that it comprises:
LED阵列,包含多个LED发光单元,所述LED发光单元设置在基板上;The LED array includes a plurality of LED light-emitting units, and the LED light-emitting units are arranged on a substrate;
扩散膜,设置在所述LED阵列的出光侧;The diffusion film is arranged on the light emitting side of the LED array;
正六边遮光架,设置在所述LED阵列与所述扩散膜之间,包括包含多个镂空栅格的镂空栅格阵列,所述镂空栅格与所述LED发光单元一一对应,且所述镂空栅格在所述基板上的投影包围其对应的LED发光单元。The regular six-sided light-shielding frame is arranged between the LED array and the diffusion film, and includes a hollow grid array including a plurality of hollow grids, and the hollow grids correspond to the LED light-emitting units one-to-one, and the The projection of the hollow grid on the substrate surrounds its corresponding LED light-emitting unit.
在一实施方式中,所述正六边遮光架入光侧的壁厚和出光侧的壁厚相同。In one embodiment, the wall thickness on the light entrance side and the light exit side of the regular hexagonal light-shielding frame are the same.
在一实施方式中,所述正六边遮光架的壁厚尺寸范围为0.2mm-1.2mm,优选为0.3mm-0.7mm。In one embodiment, the wall thickness of the regular hexagonal light-shielding frame ranges from 0.2 mm to 1.2 mm, preferably 0.3 mm to 0.7 mm.
在一实施方式中,所述正六边遮光架入光侧的壁厚和出光侧的壁厚不同,其中所述正六边遮光架的壁厚从入光侧向出光侧逐渐递减。In one embodiment, the wall thickness on the light entrance side and the light exit side of the regular six-sided light-shielding frame are different, wherein the wall thickness of the regular six-sided light-shielding frame gradually decreases from the light entrance side to the light exit side.
在一实施方式中,所述正六边遮光架入光侧的壁厚为w2,其中w2的尺寸范围为0.7mm-1.2mm。In one embodiment, the wall thickness of the light-incident side of the regular six-sided light-shielding frame is w2, and the size of w2 ranges from 0.7 mm to 1.2 mm.
在一实施方式中,所述正六边遮光架出光侧的壁厚为w1,其中w1的尺寸范围为0.2mm-0.5mm。In one embodiment, the wall thickness of the light emitting side of the regular six-sided light-shielding frame is w1, and the size of w1 ranges from 0.2 mm to 0.5 mm.
在一实施方式中,所述正六边遮光架的侧壁具有一倾斜角,所述倾斜角的范围为3°-5°。In one embodiment, the side wall of the regular hexagonal light-shielding frame has an inclination angle, and the inclination angle ranges from 3° to 5°.
在一实施方式中,所述正六边遮光架的高度为t,其中t的尺寸范围为3mm-6mm。In one embodiment, the height of the regular hexagonal light-shielding frame is t, and the size of t is in the range of 3mm-6mm.
在一实施方式中,所述正六边遮光架的侧壁设置光反射层或光吸收层。In one embodiment, the side wall of the regular hexagonal light-shielding frame is provided with a light reflection layer or a light absorption layer.
在一实施方式中,所述正六边遮光架通过3D打印、注塑成型或纵横交错的遮光条拼接制造而成。In one embodiment, the regular hexagonal shading frame is manufactured by 3D printing, injection molding, or splicing criss-cross shading strips.
在一实施方式中,所述LED发光单元包括RGB三色发光芯片,所述RGB三色发光芯片的排列方式垂直于所述正六边遮光架的边长或平行于所述正六边遮光架的边长。In one embodiment, the LED light-emitting unit includes RGB three-color light-emitting chips, and the arrangement of the RGB three-color light-emitting chips is perpendicular to the side length of the regular six-sided light-shielding frame or parallel to the sides of the regular six-sided light-shielding frame long.
本发明的有益效果为:本发明的一种LED显示屏,采用了正六边形遮光架结 构及扩散膜,在相同分辨率的LED显示屏、相同的遮光架结构壁厚下,正六边遮光架结构与扩散膜贴合的黑色间隔缝的面积更小,LED显示屏的填充率更高。The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the LED display screen of the present invention adopts a regular hexagonal light-shielding frame structure and a diffusion film. Under the same resolution of the LED display screen and the same light-shielding frame structure wall thickness, the regular hexagonal light-shielding frame The area of the black spacer where the structure is attached to the diffusion film is smaller, and the filling rate of the LED display is higher.
图1是现有技术的障壁框框阵列结构示意图。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a barrier frame array in the prior art.
图2是本发明LED显示屏的整体结构示意图。Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the LED display screen of the present invention.
图3是LED显示屏三种遮光架结构的俯视图。Figure 3 is a top view of three light-shielding frame structures of the LED display screen.
图4是本发明实施例一LED显示屏的结构示意图。4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an LED display screen according to an embodiment of the present invention.
图5是本发明实施例一LED显示屏的遮光架示意图。Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a light-shielding frame of an LED display screen according to an embodiment of the present invention.
图6是本发明实施例二LED显示屏的遮光架立体图。Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the light-shielding frame of the LED display screen in the second embodiment of the present invention.
图7是本发明实施例二LED显示屏的示意图。Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of an LED display screen according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
图8是LED的RGB芯片垂直于遮光结构边长排列时色差仿真图。Fig. 8 is a simulation diagram of chromatic aberration when the RGB chips of the LED are arranged perpendicular to the side length of the light-shielding structure.
图9是LED的RGB芯片平行于遮光结构边长排列时色差仿真图。Fig. 9 is a simulation diagram of chromatic aberration when the RGB chips of the LED are arranged parallel to the side length of the light-shielding structure.
下面结合附图及具体实施例对本发明做进一步阐释。The present invention will be further explained below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
本发明提供一种LED显示屏,其特征在于,包括:LED阵列,包含多个LED发光单元,所述LED发光单元设置在基板上;扩散膜,设置在所述LED阵列的出 光侧;正六边遮光架结构,设置在所述LED阵列与所述扩散膜之间,包括包含多个镂空栅格的镂空栅格阵列,所述镂空栅格与所述LED发光单元一一对应,且所述镂空栅格在所述基板上的投影包围其对应的LED发光单元;具体来说,在本发明的实施例中,正六边遮光架包括两种结构设置方式,第一种结构的正六边遮光架入光侧和出光侧的壁厚相同;第二种结构的正六边遮光架的入光侧和出光侧的壁厚不同,其中正六边遮光架的壁厚从入光侧向出光侧逐渐递减。The present invention provides an LED display screen, which is characterized by comprising: an LED array, including a plurality of LED light-emitting units, the LED light-emitting units are arranged on a substrate; a diffusion film is arranged on the light-emitting side of the LED array; The light-shielding frame structure is arranged between the LED array and the diffusion film, and includes a hollow grid array including a plurality of hollow grids. The hollow grids correspond to the LED light-emitting units one to one, and the hollows The projection of the grid on the substrate surrounds its corresponding LED light-emitting unit; specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, the regular six-sided light-shielding frame includes two structural arrangements, the first structure of the regular six-sided light-shielding frame is The wall thickness of the light side and the light exit side are the same; the wall thickness of the light entrance side and the light exit side of the regular hexagonal light-shielding frame of the second structure is different, and the wall thickness of the regular hexagonal light-shielding frame gradually decreases from the light entrance side to the light exit side.
图2为本发明LED显示屏整体结构示意图。如图2所示,本发明提供一种LED显示屏1000,包括依次设置的基板10、LED阵列100、正六边遮光架200和扩散膜300,扩散膜300设置在LED阵列100的出光侧。LED阵列100为由多个LED发光单元110(即LED灯珠)组成的阵列,设置在基板10上,每个发光点作为显示屏的一个单独像素,一个LED发光单元110对应LED显示屏的一个像素,包含红、绿和蓝,即:RGB三色发光芯片。正六边遮光架200设置在LED阵列100与扩散膜300之间,包括包含多个镂空栅格210的镂空栅格阵列。镂空栅格210的间距与LED发光单元的点距一致并且与LED发光单元110呈一一对应关系。镂空栅格具有均匀的间距和一定厚度的侧壁,每一个LED发光单元放置在正六边遮光架栅格的正下方,互相中心对准或者稍有偏离中心也是可以的,只要镂空栅格在基板10上的投影包围其对应的LED发光单元即可。正六边遮光架每一个栅格有六个侧壁,它们既可以是吸收层,也可以是反射层,总之六个侧壁均不透光即可。这样的设置利用高反射侧壁对LED进行匀光,每个像素的亮度得以均匀分布,同时避免了像素间光线串扰。Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the LED display screen of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2, the present invention provides an LED display screen 1000, which includes a substrate 10, an LED array 100, a regular six-sided light-shielding frame 200 and a diffusion film 300 arranged in sequence. The diffusion film 300 is arranged on the light emitting side of the LED array 100. The LED array 100 is an array composed of a plurality of LED light-emitting units 110 (ie, LED lamp beads), which are arranged on the substrate 10, and each light-emitting point serves as a single pixel of the display screen. One LED light-emitting unit 110 corresponds to one of the LED display screens. Pixels, including red, green and blue, namely: RGB three-color light-emitting chips. The regular six-sided light-shielding frame 200 is arranged between the LED array 100 and the diffusion film 300 and includes a hollow grid array including a plurality of hollow grids 210. The pitch of the hollow grid 210 is consistent with the dot pitch of the LED light-emitting unit and has a one-to-one correspondence with the LED light-emitting unit 110. The hollow grid has uniform spacing and a certain thickness of side walls. Each LED light-emitting unit is placed directly under the hexagonal light-shielding frame grid. It is also possible to align or slightly deviate from the center, as long as the hollow grid is on the substrate. The projection on 10 surrounds its corresponding LED light-emitting unit. Each grid of the regular six-sided light-shielding frame has six side walls, which can be either an absorbing layer or a reflective layer. In short, none of the six side walls can transmit light. This arrangement uses highly reflective sidewalls to homogenize the LEDs, so that the brightness of each pixel can be evenly distributed, while avoiding light crosstalk between pixels.
在本发明中,LED阵列100发出的光线,能够透过正六边遮光架在扩散膜300上的投影区域出射。扩散膜300覆盖在正六边遮光架200上方,进一步提升屏幕可视角,同时起到遮盖作用,使LED显示屏拥有平滑的显示图像,无论远观还是近查,在各种环境光条件下,都有连续并且均匀的显示图像。LED阵列发出的光线照射在扩散膜上,使得扩散膜成为新的“被动发光源”,提高了像素填充率,同时扩散膜对光线有发散作用,增加了LED显示屏的可视角。正六边遮光架栅格侧壁起到了导光和限制像素间光线串扰的作用,正六边遮光架需要大于一定高度,使得像素内照度分布均匀。高像素填充率和均匀的照度分布有助于提高LED显示屏逐点矫正的准确率。In the present invention, the light emitted by the LED array 100 can be emitted through the projection area of the regular hexagonal light shielding frame on the diffusion film 300. The diffusion film 300 covers the top of the six-sided light-shielding frame 200 to further enhance the viewing angle of the screen, and at the same time play a role in covering, so that the LED display has a smooth display image, regardless of whether it is viewed from a distance or close, under various ambient light conditions. There are continuous and uniform display images. The light emitted by the LED array shines on the diffuser film, making the diffuser film a new "passive light source", which improves the pixel filling rate. At the same time, the diffuser film has a divergent effect on the light, increasing the viewing angle of the LED display. The side wall of the grid of the regular six-sided light-shielding frame plays a role of guiding light and limiting the light crosstalk between the pixels. The regular six-sided light-shielding frame needs to be greater than a certain height to make the illumination distribution within the pixels uniform. High pixel filling rate and uniform illumination distribution help to improve the accuracy of LED display point-by-point correction.
在本发明中,遮光架200的间距p尺寸范围是0.1mm至10mm,间距的优选尺寸范围为2mm到5mm。遮光架的壁厚尺寸范围是0.05mm至2mm,遮光架200的高度的尺寸范围是0.5mm到10mm,高度的优选尺寸范围是2mm到5mm。In the present invention, the size range of the pitch p of the light shielding frame 200 is 0.1 mm to 10 mm, and the preferred size range of the pitch is 2 mm to 5 mm. The wall thickness of the shading frame ranges from 0.05 mm to 2 mm, the height of the shading frame 200 ranges from 0.5 mm to 10 mm, and the preferred height range is from 2 mm to 5 mm.
当正六边遮光架的栅格侧壁设置反射层时,可以是镜面反射层,例如铝银粉,也可以是高反射率的散射颗粒涂层。如果正六边遮光架200本身的材料具有高反射率,如金属材料,则无需额外设置反射层。When the reflective layer is provided on the sidewall of the grid of the regular hexagonal light-shielding frame, it can be a specular reflective layer, such as aluminum silver powder, or a high-reflectivity scattering particle coating. If the material of the regular hexagonal light-shielding frame 200 has high reflectivity, such as a metal material, no additional reflective layer is required.
正六边遮光架可以通过多种方式制作,比如:3D打印、注塑成型或纵横交错的遮光条拼接制作而成,优选的制造工艺为金属模具注塑,成型材料为PC、PMMA、PVC、PP、PA、PLA、ABS、PET、PTFE等。The regular six-sided shading frame can be made in a variety of ways, such as: 3D printing, injection molding, or splicing crisscross shading strips. The preferred manufacturing process is metal mold injection. The molding materials are PC, PMMA, PVC, PP, PA , PLA, ABS, PET, PTFE, etc.
本发明的一实施例中,提出了一种大规模制作正六边遮光架的方式。具体来说,首先是金属模具制作,即:用金属加工的方式制作和正六边遮光架结构相同的金属模具。然后用硅胶模具翻模制作,具体是用硅胶模具翻印金属模具的结构, 形成正六边遮光架的反结构,之后使用硅胶模具注塑制作正六边遮光架。In an embodiment of the present invention, a method for large-scale production of regular hexagonal light-shielding frames is proposed. Specifically, the first is the production of metal molds, that is, metal molds with the same structure as the hexagonal light-shielding frame are made by metal processing. Then use a silicone mold to re-mold to make, specifically, to reprint the structure of the metal mold with a silicone mold to form the reverse structure of the hexagonal shading frame, and then use the silicone mold to inject the hexagonal shading frame.
在本发明的一实施例中,利用金属模具注塑的方式快速制造正六边遮光架。其次,需要在正六边遮光架的内侧壁涂覆不透光涂层。通常此种方法使用树脂材料作为金属模具注塑的成型材料,不具有高反射率或吸光性,所以需要在内壁涂覆不透光涂层。在树脂层涂覆不透光涂层有很多方法,优选方法有基于多巴胺还原银的化学镀方法(对应银反射层),还有反射漆浸泡法、喷涂法等。In an embodiment of the present invention, the hexagonal light-shielding frame is quickly manufactured by means of metal mold injection. Secondly, an opaque coating needs to be coated on the inner side wall of the regular hexagonal light-shielding frame. Generally, this method uses resin material as the molding material for metal mold injection, which does not have high reflectivity or light absorption, so it is necessary to coat the inner wall with an opaque coating. There are many methods for applying an opaque coating to the resin layer. The preferred method is an electroless plating method based on the reduction of silver by dopamine (corresponding to the silver reflective layer), as well as the reflective paint immersion method, spraying method, and the like.
在遮光架的内壁设置反射层,当LED发光单元110朝向镂空遮光架发光时,光束被反射层反射后经光学扩散膜出射。可以理解的是,在遮光架具有一定的高度,发光单元出射的光束经过反射层一次反射后出射,另外一些光束,尤其是以小角度入射到反射层上的光束,可以经过多次反射后出射。因此通过使LED发光单元发出的光束都经过反射后出射,有利于使光束的分布均匀性提高。遮光架的反射层所围成的六面反射壁能够相当于一个光学积分棒,对LED发光单元的光进行匀光。A reflective layer is provided on the inner wall of the light-shielding frame, and when the LED light-emitting unit 110 emits light toward the hollow light-shielding frame, the light beam is reflected by the reflective layer and then exits through the optical diffusion film. It is understandable that, when the light-shielding frame has a certain height, the light beam emitted by the light-emitting unit is reflected once by the reflective layer and then exits. Other light beams, especially the light beam incident on the reflective layer at a small angle, can exit after multiple reflections. . Therefore, the light beams emitted by the LED light-emitting units are reflected and emitted, which is beneficial to improve the uniformity of the light beam distribution. The six-sided reflective wall surrounded by the reflective layer of the shading frame can be equivalent to an optical integrator rod to homogenize the light of the LED light-emitting unit.
具体的反射层可以选择镜面反射层,也可以选择漫反射层,镜面反射层可以为金属反射镀层,如银反射层、铝反射层等,也可以为不同折射率介质叠加的复合层体。漫发射层也可以是具有一定发散角的漫反射层,漫反射层对入射光的反射效果与镜面反射层不同,反射光呈现出光锥的形状,即反射光发生了一定的角度扩散。根据反射光的角分布的不同,可以分为朗伯反射层、高斯反射层等,其中入射到朗伯反射层的反射光呈现朗伯分布(180°的均匀角分布),入射到高斯反射层的反射光呈现高斯分布(光束更多的集中在中心光束位置,而中心光束为镜面反射时的光束)。The specific reflective layer can be a specular reflective layer or a diffuse reflective layer. The specular reflective layer can be a metal reflective coating, such as a silver reflective layer, an aluminum reflective layer, etc., or a composite layer of media with different refractive indexes. The diffuse emission layer can also be a diffuse reflection layer with a certain divergence angle. The reflection effect of the diffuse reflection layer on incident light is different from that of the specular reflection layer. The reflected light presents a light cone shape, that is, the reflected light diffuses at a certain angle. According to the angular distribution of the reflected light, it can be divided into Lambertian reflective layer, Gaussian reflective layer, etc. The reflected light incident on the Lambertian reflective layer presents a Lambertian distribution (uniform angular distribution of 180°) and incident on the Gaussian reflective layer The reflected light shows a Gaussian distribution (the beam is more concentrated in the center beam position, and the center beam is the beam when it is reflected by the mirror).
图3为本发明的正六边遮光架与其它两种遮光架的俯视图,不同遮光架的俯视图分别为,正六边形301、正方形302和圆形303,当遮光架的壁厚相同的情况下,此时可以用二维的图形来计算不同遮光架之间的填充率大小关系。具体其中每个遮光架俯视图分别包括多个遮光单元,每个遮光单元对应一像素单元S1、S2和S3,当遮光单元所对应的像素单元面积相等时,假设像素单元面积都为1,即S1、S2和S3的面积都为1,可以计算出各自对应的像素单元周长依次为正六边形3.72、正方形4、圆形3.54。可以看到,正六边形比正方形的周长要短7%,对应到三维的遮光架结构,在遮光架壁厚相同的情况下,正六边遮光架结构对应的LED显示屏的黑色间隔缝面积更小,像素填充率更高。从上述计算发现,圆形303作为多边形的极限情况,周长最短。但是由于圆形遮光单元彼此之间无法无缝衔接,所以遮光结构上不透光的面积显著变大,并不适用于提高像素填充率。综合考虑,正六边形框架结构有效缩短了周长的长度,结构本身具有提高像素填充率的优势,需要说明的是,此处是为了便于计算说明正六边形相对于正方形的优势,本案的发明并不限定于正六边遮光架结构,所有可实现无缝拼接的六边遮光架结构都在本发明保护范围之内。Figure 3 is a top view of the regular hexagonal shading frame of the present invention and the other two kinds of shading frames. The top views of the different shading frames are regular hexagon 301, square 302, and circle 303. When the wall thickness of the shading frame is the same, At this time, two-dimensional graphics can be used to calculate the filling rate relationship between different shading frames. Specifically, the top view of each light-shielding frame includes multiple light-shielding units, and each light-shielding unit corresponds to a pixel unit S1, S2, and S3. When the area of the pixel unit corresponding to the light-shielding unit is equal, it is assumed that the area of the pixel unit is 1, namely S1 The areas of S2 and S3 are all 1. It can be calculated that the perimeter of the corresponding pixel unit is 3.72, square 4, and 3.54 circle. It can be seen that the regular hexagon is 7% shorter than the square perimeter, which corresponds to the three-dimensional shading frame structure. When the wall thickness of the shading frame is the same, the black gap area of the LED display screen corresponding to the hexagonal shading frame structure Smaller, higher pixel fill rate. From the above calculation, it is found that the circle 303 is the limit case of the polygon, and the circumference is the shortest. However, since the circular shading units cannot be seamlessly connected to each other, the opaque area on the shading structure becomes significantly larger, which is not suitable for increasing the pixel filling rate. Taking into account comprehensive considerations, the regular hexagonal frame structure effectively shortens the length of the perimeter, and the structure itself has the advantage of increasing the pixel filling rate. It should be noted that this is to facilitate calculations and illustrate the advantages of the regular hexagon over the square. The invention of this case does not It is not limited to the regular six-sided light-shielding frame structure, and all six-sided light-shielding frame structures that can realize seamless splicing fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
图2所示为本发明LED显示屏的整体结构,以下分成多个实施例分别对本发明正六边遮光架,具体结构分别进行说明。为便于说明,实施例附图主要以LED显示屏的单个像素单元的结构示意图进行描述。FIG. 2 shows the overall structure of the LED display screen of the present invention. The following is divided into a plurality of embodiments to respectively describe the regular six-sided light-shielding frame of the present invention, and the specific structures are respectively described. For ease of description, the drawings of the embodiments are mainly described with a schematic structural diagram of a single pixel unit of the LED display screen.
实施例一Example one
图4为本发明实施例一LED显示屏像素的结构示意图。如图4所示,所述正六边遮光架200为等壁厚设计,即遮光架的入光侧壁厚和出光侧壁厚相同为w, 壁厚w的范围为0.2mm-1.2mm,优选为0.3mm-0.7mm,遮光架的高度为t,t的范围为3mm-6mm。正六边遮光架200和扩散膜300接触设置,正六边遮光架200和基板100接触设置,LED发光单元110设置在基板10上,所述遮光架结构的侧壁设有散射层,所述散射层的反射率为60%-95%,优选为80%-90%;所述散射层的光扩散角为50°-90°;进一步优选为80°-90°。更进一步地,如图5所示,LED显示屏的正六边遮光架对应的壁厚为w,边长为a,下面具体对LED显示屏的填充率σ与遮光架壁厚w和边长a的关系进行说明。以遮光架包含的每个像素单元为例,像素单元挡光部分与光学扩散膜贴合的面积,即黑色间隔缝的面积为4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a pixel of an LED display screen according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 4, the regular six-sided light-shielding frame 200 has a uniform wall thickness design, that is, the light-incident side wall thickness and the light-exit side wall thickness of the light-shielding frame are the same as w, and the range of the wall thickness w is 0.2mm-1.2mm, preferably It is 0.3mm-0.7mm, the height of the shading frame is t, and the range of t is 3mm-6mm. The regular six-sided light-shielding frame 200 is arranged in contact with the diffusion film 300, the regular six-sided light-shielding frame 200 is arranged in contact with the substrate 100, the LED light-emitting unit 110 is arranged on the substrate 10, and the side wall of the light-shielding frame structure is provided with a scattering layer. The reflectivity is 60%-95%, preferably 80%-90%; the light diffusion angle of the scattering layer is 50°-90°; more preferably 80°-90°. Furthermore, as shown in Figure 5, the corresponding wall thickness of the regular six-sided shading frame of the LED display screen is w, and the side length is a. The following is a detailed description of the filling rate σ of the LED display screen and the shading frame wall thickness w and side length a The relationship is explained. Taking each pixel unit included in the light-shielding frame as an example, the area where the light-blocking part of the pixel unit is attached to the optical diffusion film, that is, the area of the black gap is
而像素单元的面积为And the area of the pixel unit is
S=3*a
2*cos30°
S=3*a 2 *cos30°
则得到填充率为Then the fill rate is
根据上述公式可以得到在正六边遮光架的边长不变的情况,填充率和像素单元壁厚的线性关系,随着像素单元壁厚W增加,填充率线性下降。举例说明,当遮光架的壁厚w为0.5mm时,正六边遮光架对应的边长a为2.69mm,此时像素单元的面积S,及遮光架结构与光学扩散膜贴合的面积S′(即黑色间隔缝的面积)According to the above formula, the linear relationship between the filling rate and the wall thickness of the pixel unit can be obtained when the side length of the regular six-sided light-shielding frame is unchanged. As the wall thickness W of the pixel unit increases, the filling rate decreases linearly. For example, when the wall thickness w of the shading frame is 0.5mm, the side length a corresponding to the hexagonal shading frame is 2.69mm. At this time, the area S of the pixel unit and the bonding area S′ of the shading frame structure and the optical diffusion film (I.e. the area of the black gap)
而像素单元的面积为And the area of the pixel unit is
S=3*a
2*cos30°=18.8mm
2
S=3*a 2 *cos30°=18.8mm 2
则得到填充率为Then the fill rate is
由于遮光架一方面用于防止相邻LED发光单元之间的光串扰,同时充当支撑扩散膜的作用,因此在遮光架壁厚相同的情况下,遮光架的壁厚不能做的很薄,另外遮光架通常由开模注塑工艺制造,工艺上对壁厚也有一定的良率限制。Since the shading frame is used to prevent the light crosstalk between adjacent LED light-emitting units, and at the same time, it acts as a support for the diffusion film. Therefore, the wall thickness of the shading frame cannot be made very thin when the wall thickness of the shading frame is the same. The shading frame is usually manufactured by an open-mold injection molding process, and the process also has a certain yield limit on the wall thickness.
另外需要说明的是,本实施方式的遮光架和扩散膜和基板之间连接方式并非限制于图4的直接连接,可以理解的是,遮光架可以与扩散膜、基板任一结构间隔设置,即遮光架与扩散膜或基板之间留有间隙;或遮光架同时与扩散膜和基板间隔设置,即遮光架同时与扩散膜和基板之间留有空隙,以上结构都在本发明所保护的范围之内,此种设计的优势在于LED发光单元出射的光有一部分从间隙进入扩散膜,可进一步减少遮光架的间隔缝面积,进而提升LED显示屏的填充率。In addition, it should be noted that the connection method between the light-shielding frame and the diffusion film and the substrate of this embodiment is not limited to the direct connection shown in FIG. 4, and it should be understood that the light-shielding frame can be spaced apart from any structure of the diffusion film and the substrate, namely There is a gap between the light-shielding frame and the diffusion film or substrate; or the light-shielding frame is spaced apart from the diffusion film and the substrate at the same time, that is, there is a gap between the light-shielding frame and the diffusion film and the substrate at the same time. The above structures are all within the protection scope of the present invention Among other things, the advantage of this design is that part of the light emitted by the LED light-emitting unit enters the diffusion film from the gap, which can further reduce the area of the gap of the light-shielding frame, thereby increasing the filling rate of the LED display.
实施例二Example two
图6为本发明实施例二LED显示屏的遮光架结构示意图,所述遮光架由多个遮光单元组成;每个遮光单元内部设有LED发光单元;LED发光单元的中心与遮光单元的中心重合,每个遮光单元的出光侧上贴合有光学扩散膜;其中所述遮光架的入光侧和出光侧对应的壁厚不同,其中正六边遮光架的壁厚从入光侧向出光侧逐渐递减;所述遮光架的入光侧对应的壁厚为w2,w2的范围为0.7mm-1.2mm,所述遮光架的出光侧的壁厚为w1,w1的范围为0.2mm-0.5mm;所述遮光架结构的侧壁具有倾斜角δ,所述遮光架结构的侧壁倾斜角δ为3°-5°,所述遮光架的高度为t,t的范围为3mm-6mm;所述遮光架结构的侧壁设有漫反射层,所述漫反射层的反射率为60%-95%,优选为80%-90%;所述漫反射层的光扩散角为50°-90°; 进一步优选为80°-90°。每个遮光单元对应的入光侧的光面积小于出光侧的光面积;即图8中的出光侧的壁厚w1小于入光侧的壁厚w2。所述内侧壁用于将LED发光单元发出的光反射在正正六边形框架结构的出光侧上;实施例二和实施例一的区别在于遮光架的入光侧和出光侧的壁厚不同,如上所述,遮光架在本发明中同时充当支撑扩散膜的作用,因此遮光架的壁厚不能无限小,而实施例二的入光侧和出光侧壁厚不同的结构可很好的解决此问题,遮光架与基板相邻的一侧厚度较大,可以保证遮光架对扩散膜的支撑可靠性,与扩散膜相邻的一侧厚度较小,可以进一步增大LED显示屏的填充率。6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the shading frame of the LED display screen according to the second embodiment of the present invention. The shading frame is composed of a plurality of shading units; each shading unit is provided with an LED light-emitting unit; the center of the LED light-emitting unit coincides with the center of the shading unit , An optical diffusion film is attached to the light exit side of each shading unit; wherein the light entrance side and the light exit side of the shading frame correspond to different wall thicknesses, and the wall thickness of the regular six-sided shading frame is gradually from the light entrance side to the light exit side Decrease; the wall thickness corresponding to the light incident side of the shading frame is w2, and the range of w2 is 0.7mm-1.2mm, the wall thickness of the light emitting side of the shading frame is w1, and the range of w1 is 0.2mm-0.5mm; The side wall of the light-shielding frame structure has an inclination angle δ, the side wall of the light-shielding frame structure has an inclination angle δ of 3°-5°, the height of the light-shading frame is t, and the range of t is 3mm-6mm; The side wall of the light-shielding frame structure is provided with a diffuse reflection layer, the reflectivity of the diffuse reflection layer is 60%-95%, preferably 80%-90%; the light diffusion angle of the diffuse reflection layer is 50°-90° ; More preferably 80°-90°. The light area on the light entrance side corresponding to each shading unit is smaller than the light area on the light exit side; that is, the wall thickness w1 on the light exit side in FIG. 8 is smaller than the wall thickness w2 on the light entrance side. The inner side wall is used to reflect the light emitted by the LED light-emitting unit on the light-exit side of the regular hexagonal frame structure; the difference between the second embodiment and the first embodiment is that the wall thickness of the light-incident side and the light-exit side of the light-shielding frame are different. As mentioned above, the light-shielding frame also acts as a support for the diffusion film in the present invention, so the wall thickness of the light-shielding frame cannot be infinitely small, and the structure of the second embodiment with different thicknesses on the light entrance side and the light exit side wall can solve this well. The problem is that the side of the light-shielding frame adjacent to the substrate has a large thickness, which can ensure the reliability of the support of the light-shielding frame on the diffusion film, and the side adjacent to the diffusion film has a small thickness, which can further increase the filling rate of the LED display.
此时LED显示屏出光侧的壁厚w1尺寸范围为0.2-0.4mm;正六边形遮光架的边长a为2.69mm,带入填充率计算公式At this time, the wall thickness w1 of the light-emitting side of the LED display screen is in the range of 0.2-0.4mm; the side length a of the regular hexagonal shading frame is 2.69mm, which is brought into the calculation formula of the filling rate
可实现的填充率范围为82.8%-91.4%。相较于实施例一的填充率有大幅度提高,而且倾斜的遮光架相当于一个圆锥积分棒,可进一步压缩LED显示屏出射光线的扩散角,进而降低光串扰。The achievable filling rate range is 82.8%-91.4%. Compared with the first embodiment, the filling rate is greatly improved, and the inclined light-shielding frame is equivalent to a conical integrator rod, which can further compress the diffusion angle of the light emitted by the LED display screen, thereby reducing light crosstalk.
另外需要说明的是,本实施方式的遮光架和扩散膜和基板之间连接方式并非限制于图7的直接连接,可以理解的是,遮光架可以与扩散膜、基板任一结构间隔设置,即遮光架与扩散膜或基板之间留有间隙;或遮光架同时与扩散膜和基板间隔设置,即遮光架同时与扩散膜和基板之间留有空隙,以上结构都在本发明所保护的范围之内,此种设计的优势在于LED发光单元出射的光有一部分从间隙进入扩散膜,可进一步减少遮光架的间隔缝面积,进而提升LED显示屏的填充率。In addition, it should be noted that the connection between the light-shielding frame and the diffusion film and the substrate in this embodiment is not limited to the direct connection shown in FIG. 7. It can be understood that the light-shielding frame can be spaced apart from any structure of the diffusion film and the substrate, namely There is a gap between the light-shielding frame and the diffusion film or substrate; or the light-shielding frame is spaced apart from the diffusion film and the substrate at the same time, that is, there is a gap between the light-shielding frame and the diffusion film and the substrate at the same time. The above structures are all within the protection scope of the present invention Among other things, the advantage of this design is that part of the light emitted by the LED light-emitting unit enters the diffusion film from the gap, which can further reduce the area of the gap of the light-shielding frame, thereby increasing the filling rate of the LED display.
下面结合具体的LED发光单元与正六边遮光架的位置关系分析说明LED显示屏不同视角的色差,具体包括两种实施例,以LED显示屏的LED发光单元包括RGB发光芯片为例,第一种实施例RGB发光芯片的排列方向垂直于正六边遮光架的边长,如图8所示;第二种实施例RGB三色发光芯片的排列方向平行于正六边遮光架的边长,如图9所示。The following analysis of the positional relationship between the specific LED light-emitting unit and the regular six-sided light-shielding frame illustrates the color difference of the LED display at different viewing angles, including two specific embodiments. Taking the LED light-emitting unit of the LED display including RGB light-emitting chips as an example, the first The arrangement direction of the RGB light-emitting chips of the embodiment is perpendicular to the side length of the regular six-sided light-shielding frame, as shown in FIG. 8; the arrangement direction of the RGB three-color light-emitting chips of the second embodiment is parallel to the side length of the regular six-sided light-shielding frame, as shown in Fig. 9 Shown.
通常,LED发光单元与遮光架的位置关系会对视差产生一定的影响,具体分析如下。Generally, the positional relationship between the LED light-emitting unit and the light-shielding frame will have a certain influence on the parallax. The specific analysis is as follows.
定义LED显示屏从不同视角观看的色差du’v’为Define the color difference du’v’ of the LED display from different viewing angles as
其中u’和v’是CIELUV色坐标系统中的色坐标,u’ref和v’ref是0°视角时的色坐标,在图8和图9中,横轴为偏离LED显示屏法线(法线对应0度)的观看角度,纵轴为色偏差Du’v’,Du’v’的值越大,代表测量角度的光与0度的光的色差越大。需要说明的是,此处的横向视角或纵向视角是以LED显示屏的中心位置为参照,即中心位置对应的横向视角或纵向视角都为0°,中心位置沿水平方向往LED显示屏左右两侧的横向视角逐渐增大,中心位置沿垂直方向往LED显示屏上下侧的纵向视角逐渐增大。Among them, u'and v'are the color coordinates in the CIELUV color coordinate system, u'ref and v'ref are the color coordinates when the viewing angle is 0°. In Figure 8 and Figure 9, the horizontal axis is the deviation from the normal line of the LED display ( The normal line corresponds to the viewing angle of 0 degrees), and the vertical axis is the color deviation Du'v'. The larger the value of Du'v', the greater the color difference between the light at the measurement angle and the light at 0 degrees. It should be noted that the horizontal viewing angle or vertical viewing angle here is based on the center position of the LED display, that is, the horizontal viewing angle or vertical viewing angle corresponding to the center position is 0°, and the center position is horizontally to the left and right of the LED display. The horizontal viewing angle on the side gradually increases, and the longitudinal viewing angle from the center position along the vertical direction to the upper and lower sides of the LED display gradually increases.
通过仿真计算得到两种排布方式的色差沿各个视角分布的结果见图8和图9,仿真计算中正六边遮光架的间距p为5mm,且正六边遮光架出光侧的壁厚为w1为0.5mm,遮光架的倾斜角δ为3.2°,遮光架的高度t为5mm。可以看出横向视角 和纵向视角下色差值均保持在较小值,不影响观看。其中,RGB芯片垂直于沿正六边遮光结构边长排列时,各视角色差值更小,是优选排列方式。The results of the chromatic aberration distribution of the two arrangements along each viewing angle obtained through simulation calculation are shown in Figure 8 and Figure 9. In the simulation calculation, the spacing p of the regular hexagonal light-shielding frame is 5mm, and the wall thickness of the light-emitting side of the regular hexagonal light-shading frame is w1 0.5mm, the inclination angle δ of the shading frame is 3.2°, and the height t of the shading frame is 5mm. It can be seen that the chromatic aberration values under both the horizontal viewing angle and the vertical viewing angle are kept at a small value, which does not affect viewing. Among them, when the RGB chips are arranged perpendicularly along the side length of the regular six-sided light-shielding structure, the difference of the visual roles is smaller, which is the preferred arrangement.
从以上分析,可以理解的是,LED发光单元与遮光架位置关系并不会对LED显示屏的观看视角产生色差,即LED发光单元可以设置在六边遮光架内的任意位置。From the above analysis, it can be understood that the positional relationship between the LED light-emitting unit and the light-shielding frame does not cause chromatic aberration in the viewing angle of the LED display screen, that is, the LED light-emitting unit can be arranged at any position in the six-sided light-shielding frame.
综上,本发明提供一种LED显示屏,通过设置正六边遮光架,使得遮光架具有与扩散膜较小的贴合间隔缝,进一步提高LED显示屏的光填充率,改善LED显示屏的光学显示效果。该LED显示屏可以应用于影院、客厅、办公场所、广告牌等场景。In summary, the present invention provides an LED display screen. By arranging a regular six-sided light-shielding frame, the light-shielding frame has a smaller bonding interval with the diffusion film, which further increases the light filling rate of the LED display and improves the optics of the LED display. display effect. The LED display can be applied to scenes such as theaters, living rooms, office spaces, and billboards.
本发明不局限于上述可选的实施方式,任何人在本发明的启示下都可得出其他各种形式的产品。上述具体实施方式不应理解成对本发明的保护范围的限制,本发明的保护范围应当以权利要求书中界定的为准,并且说明书可以用于解释权利要求书。The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned optional embodiments, and anyone can derive other products in various forms under the enlightenment of the present invention. The above-mentioned specific embodiments should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention should be defined in the claims, and the description can be used to interpret the claims.
Claims (11)
- 一种LED显示屏,其特征在于,包括:An LED display screen, characterized in that it comprises:LED阵列,包含多个LED发光单元,所述LED发光单元设置在基板上;The LED array includes a plurality of LED light-emitting units, and the LED light-emitting units are arranged on a substrate;扩散膜,设置在所述LED阵列的出光侧;The diffusion film is arranged on the light emitting side of the LED array;正六边遮光架,设置在所述LED阵列与所述扩散膜之间,包括包含多个镂空栅格的镂空栅格阵列,所述镂空栅格与所述LED发光单元一一对应,且所述镂空栅格在所述基板上的投影包围其对应的LED发光单元。The regular six-sided light-shielding frame is arranged between the LED array and the diffusion film, and includes a hollow grid array including a plurality of hollow grids, and the hollow grids correspond to the LED light-emitting units one-to-one, and the The projection of the hollow grid on the substrate surrounds its corresponding LED light-emitting unit.
- 根据权利要求1所述的LED显示屏,其特征在于,所述正六边遮光架入光侧的壁厚和出光侧的壁厚相同。The LED display screen according to claim 1, wherein the wall thickness of the light-incident side and the light-exit side of the regular six-sided light-shielding frame are the same.
- 根据权利要求2所述的LED显示屏,其特征在于,所述正六边遮光架的壁厚尺寸范围为0.2mm-1.2mm,优选为0.3mm-0.7mm。The LED display screen according to claim 2, wherein the wall thickness of the regular hexagonal light-shielding frame ranges from 0.2mm to 1.2mm, preferably 0.3mm to 0.7mm.
- 根据权利要求1所述的LED显示屏,其特征在于,所述正六边遮光架入光侧的壁厚和出光侧的壁厚不同,其中所述正六边遮光架的壁厚从入光侧向出光侧逐渐递减。The LED display screen according to claim 1, wherein the wall thickness of the light-incident side and the light-exit side of the regular six-sided light-shielding frame are different, and the wall thickness of the regular six-sided light-shielding frame is from the light-incident side to The light-emitting side gradually decreases.
- 根据权利要求4所述的LED显示屏,其特征在于,所述正六边遮光架入光侧的壁厚为w2,其中w2的尺寸范围为0.7mm-1.2mm。The LED display screen of claim 4, wherein the wall thickness of the light-incident side of the regular six-sided light-shielding frame is w2, and the size range of w2 is 0.7mm-1.2mm.
- 根据权利要求5所述的LED显示屏,其特征在于,所述正六边遮光架出光侧的壁厚为w1,其中w1的尺寸范围为0.2mm-0.5mm。The LED display screen of claim 5, wherein the wall thickness of the light-emitting side of the regular hexagonal light-shielding frame is w1, and the size of w1 ranges from 0.2 mm to 0.5 mm.
- 根据权利要求4所述的LED显示屏,其特征在于,所述正六边遮光架的侧壁具有一倾斜角,所述倾斜角的范围为3°-5°。The LED display screen according to claim 4, wherein the side wall of the regular hexagonal light-shielding frame has an inclination angle, and the inclination angle ranges from 3° to 5°.
- 根据权利要求1所述的LED显示屏,其特征在于,所述正六边遮光架的高度为t,其中t的尺寸范围为3mm-6mm。The LED display screen of claim 1, wherein the height of the regular six-sided light-shielding frame is t, and the size of t is in the range of 3mm-6mm.
- 根据权利要求1所述的LED显示屏,其特征在于,所述正六边遮光架的侧壁设置光反射层或光吸收层。The LED display screen of claim 1, wherein the side wall of the regular hexagonal light-shielding frame is provided with a light reflection layer or a light absorption layer.
- 根据权利要求1所述的LED显示屏,其特征在于,所述正六边遮光架通过3D打印、注塑成型或纵横交错的遮光条拼接制造而成。The LED display screen according to claim 1, wherein the regular hexagonal shading frame is manufactured by 3D printing, injection molding or splicing crisscross shading strips.
- 根据权利要求1-10任一所述的LED显示屏,其特征在于,所述LED发光单元包括RGB发光芯片,所述RGB发光芯片的排列方式垂直于所述正六边遮光架的边长或平行于所述正六边遮光架的边长。The LED display screen according to any one of claims 1-10, wherein the LED light-emitting unit comprises RGB light-emitting chips, and the arrangement of the RGB light-emitting chips is perpendicular to or parallel to the side length of the regular six-sided light-shielding frame On the side length of the regular six-sided light-shielding frame.
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