WO2020063705A1 - Led display screen - Google Patents

Led display screen Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020063705A1
WO2020063705A1 PCT/CN2019/107997 CN2019107997W WO2020063705A1 WO 2020063705 A1 WO2020063705 A1 WO 2020063705A1 CN 2019107997 W CN2019107997 W CN 2019107997W WO 2020063705 A1 WO2020063705 A1 WO 2020063705A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light
led
display screen
led display
diffusion film
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PCT/CN2019/107997
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
胡飞
王霖
李士杰
孙微
李屹
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深圳光峰科技股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2020063705A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020063705A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L25/00—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof
    • H01L25/03—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof all the devices being of a type provided for in the same subgroup of groups H01L27/00 - H01L33/00, or in a single subclass of H10K, H10N, e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes
    • H01L25/04—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof all the devices being of a type provided for in the same subgroup of groups H01L27/00 - H01L33/00, or in a single subclass of H10K, H10N, e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes the devices not having separate containers
    • H01L25/075—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof all the devices being of a type provided for in the same subgroup of groups H01L27/00 - H01L33/00, or in a single subclass of H10K, H10N, e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes the devices not having separate containers the devices being of a type provided for in group H01L33/00
    • H01L25/0753—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof all the devices being of a type provided for in the same subgroup of groups H01L27/00 - H01L33/00, or in a single subclass of H10K, H10N, e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes the devices not having separate containers the devices being of a type provided for in group H01L33/00 the devices being arranged next to each other
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F9/00—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements
    • G09F9/30—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements
    • G09F9/33—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements being semiconductor devices, e.g. diodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L25/00—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof
    • H01L25/03—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof all the devices being of a type provided for in the same subgroup of groups H01L27/00 - H01L33/00, or in a single subclass of H10K, H10N, e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes
    • H01L25/04—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof all the devices being of a type provided for in the same subgroup of groups H01L27/00 - H01L33/00, or in a single subclass of H10K, H10N, e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes the devices not having separate containers
    • H01L25/075—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof all the devices being of a type provided for in the same subgroup of groups H01L27/00 - H01L33/00, or in a single subclass of H10K, H10N, e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes the devices not having separate containers the devices being of a type provided for in group H01L33/00
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L33/48—Semiconductor devices with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor body packages
    • H01L33/58—Optical field-shaping elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L33/48—Semiconductor devices with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor body packages
    • H01L33/58—Optical field-shaping elements
    • H01L33/60—Reflective elements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of LED displays, and in particular to an LED display screen.
  • Traditional film projection equipment uses a combination of a projector and a projection screen. Due to the design defect of the lens in the projector and the reflective characteristics of the LED display screen, the traditional projection projection equipment using this method has the disadvantages of poor picture uniformity, low brightness, poor picture contrast and high energy consumption.
  • LED display screens using LED chips generally use one pixel to one LED chip for display.
  • the light intensity distribution of the LED chip itself is a Lambertian distribution
  • the present invention discloses an LED display screen, which is composed of an LED array layer and a light shielding frame, wherein the light shielding frame is used to isolate adjacent LED chips from each other. This can prevent crosstalk between pixels.
  • an LED display screen which includes: an LED array layer composed of a plurality of LED chips and used to emit light; and a shading frame disposed between the LED chips and used for Each of the LED chips is isolated, wherein the light emitted in the LED array layer is reflected to the audience side by the shading frame.
  • the LED display screen according to the present invention can effectively prevent the problem of crosstalk between pixels.
  • an inclination angle of a side surface of the light shielding frame for reflecting light emitted from the LED chip is between 2 degrees and 50 degrees.
  • an inclination angle of a side surface of the light shielding frame for reflecting light emitted from the LED chip is between 2 degrees and 50 degrees.
  • the first direction is one of a vertical direction and a horizontal direction
  • the second direction is the other of the vertical direction and the horizontal direction
  • the side surface of the light shielding frame is covered with a specular reflection layer, a Gaussian diffusion layer, or a white Lambertian reflection layer.
  • the surface of the substrate for supporting the LED array layer is black. With this structure, it is possible to better display black and improve contrast.
  • the opposite side of the side cross section for reflecting the light from the LED chip in the light shielding frame is in the shape of a quadratic curve such as a parabola, an ellipse, or a circle.
  • the opposite side of the side cross section for reflecting the light emitted from the LED chip in the light shielding frame is a cross-sectional shape composed of a plurality of continuous line segments.
  • the design parameters for the side cross-sectional shape are more and the degree of freedom is higher, so that the chromatic aberration can be better changed. And it is easier to process and inspect the shading frame.
  • the LED display screen in the present invention further includes: an optical diffusion film disposed on a light exit side of the LED array layer, wherein light reflected by the light shielding frame is emitted toward the optical diffusion film, and Diffusion to the viewer through the optical diffusion film.
  • the optical diffusion film is a bulk diffusion film or a surface diffusion film.
  • a structure near the optical diffusion film in the light-shielding frame is arc-shaped.
  • the illuminance of the corresponding area can be improved, and the shading frame can be manufactured and processed more simply.
  • the illuminance of the corresponding area can be improved, and the shading frame can be manufactured and processed more simply.
  • FIG. 1 is a structure in which an RGB three-color chip and a light shielding frame are arranged in an LED chip.
  • 2a and 2b show uneven light intensity distribution of each color chip in the vertical direction of the display screen.
  • FIG 3 is a cross-sectional view of a tilted structure of a side of a light shielding frame in a display screen of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a relationship curve between the inclination angle of the shading frame and the chromatic aberration.
  • FIG. 5 shows the relationship between the oblique angle of the shading frame and the black ratio.
  • Figures 6a-7b show a structure with a quadratic curve shape in the side section of the light-shielding frame.
  • a side cross-section of the light shielding frame has a cross-sectional shape composed of a plurality of continuous line segments.
  • Figures 8a-8b show the tilting of the shading frame in the horizontal and vertical directions.
  • FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of another structure of the LED display screen in the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is another structural example of the shading frame.
  • FIG. 11 a shows the light distribution of a single LED chip in a cross-sectional view of an LED display screen in the present invention.
  • FIG. 11b is a light distribution profile of a single LED chip in a front view of the LED display screen in the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is an angle ⁇ between the emitted light and the normal line after passing through the optical diffusion film.
  • FIG. 13 is a relationship curve between the emitted light intensity I ( ⁇ ) and the angle ⁇ .
  • 14a-14d are brightness distribution diagrams of adjacent LED chips under different diffusion angles.
  • Fig. 15a is a circular light distribution when the optical diffusion film is an isotropic diffusion film.
  • Fig. 15b is an elliptical light distribution when the optical diffusion film is an anisotropic diffusion film.
  • the LED display screen in the present invention is composed of an LED array layer and a light shielding frame, wherein the LED array layer is composed of a plurality of LED chips for emitting light, and the light shielding frame is arranged between the LED chips to isolate each LED chip.
  • the light intensity distribution emitted by the LED chip used in the LED display screen is a Lambertian distribution, so there are many large-angle light rays. If the large-angle light is not shielded, crosstalk is easily generated between adjacent pixels, which may reduce the sharpness of the image.
  • a light-shielding frame provided between the LED chips to isolate each LED chip can shield light at a large angle, thereby preventing crosstalk between adjacent pixels and improving the image. Clarity.
  • the problems of light mixing, color difference, and color unevenness in the LED display screen can be further solved.
  • the shading frame is disposed between the LED chips and is used to isolate each LED chip.
  • RGB three-color chips are arranged linearly.
  • the distance between each color chip in the RGB chip and the shading frame is the same. , So it has a symmetrical light intensity distribution in the horizontal direction.
  • the tilt angle of the shading frame in the horizontal direction can adopt a relatively small angle to increase the black area.
  • the tilt angle of the shading frame in the horizontal direction is in the range of 2 degrees to 50 degrees.
  • the inclination angle of the light shielding frame in the horizontal direction is defined as an included angle between a side surface for reflecting light in the light shielding frame and a substrate on which the LED chip is disposed in a cross-sectional view along the horizontal direction.
  • the distance between the color chip and the shading frame in the RGB chip is not the same. This will cause uneven light intensity distribution in the vertical direction. And the asymmetry of the light intensity distribution will cause the deviation of the large-angle color from the center color, that is, the color uniformity becomes worse.
  • the inventors of the present invention have found based on simulation results that by increasing the inclination angle ⁇ 1 of the side of the light-shielding frame for reflecting light, the light incident on the light-shielding frame can be increased. Reflecting at a relatively small angle, it is easier to mix light, which is more conducive to improving color uniformity, and can improve the utilization efficiency of the light source.
  • the inclination angle ⁇ 3 1 is defined as a sectional view in the vertical direction, the light shielding holder to the side surface for reflecting light and the angle between the LED chips disposed substrates, can also be considered The angle between the side for reflecting light in the shading frame and the LED array layer.
  • the surface of the light shielding frame may be covered with a specular reflection layer or a diffuse reflection layer, wherein the diffuse reflection layer may be a Gaussian diffusion layer or a white Lambertian reflection layer.
  • the white diffuse reflection layer is formed of a base material and reflective particles added to the base material.
  • the base material is organic plastic materials such as PMMA, PC, ABS, PP, and PVC, and the reflective particles are inorganic materials such as TiO 2 and barium sulfate.
  • a reflective material or a diffusion material can be prepared on the surface of the engineering plastic by means of electroplating, magnetron sputtering, spray painting, and the like.
  • the surface of the substrate for setting and supporting the LED chip is painted black. The higher the proportion of the black area in the LED chip area, the better the contrast effect.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates the relationship between the shading angle ⁇ 1 and the black ratio.
  • the black proportion is reduced to 50% of the center. Therefore, in order to take into account both the color uniformity and the black proportion performance, the shading frame
  • the inclination angle ⁇ 1 in the vertical direction is between 2 degrees and 50 degrees.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a case where the side surface of the light shielding frame has a fixed inclination angle
  • the side surface of the light shielding frame is opposite to a side of a cross section (hereinafter simply referred to as a side cross section) in the horizontal direction and perpendicular to the substrate direction
  • a side cross section in the horizontal direction and perpendicular to the substrate direction
  • It can be designed into the shape of a quadratic curve such as a parabola, an ellipse, a circle, and the like.
  • FIG. 6a shows that the opposite side of the side section is formed in a parabolic shape
  • FIG. 6b shows that the opposite side of the side section is formed in an oval shape.
  • the opposite side of the side cross-section may also adopt a cross-sectional shape composed of multiple continuous line segments, as shown in FIG.
  • a cross-sectional shape composed of multiple continuous line segments, as shown in FIG.
  • the inclination angles of the shade frame in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction are described in the above.
  • the inclination angles in the horizontal and vertical directions can be set to have a larger inclination angle, or as shown in FIG. 8b, the inclination angle of the shading frame in the horizontal direction is smaller than Angle of inclination in the vertical direction.
  • the distance between the RGB three-color chip and the shading frame in the horizontal direction of the display screen is the same, that is, the RGB chips are arranged along the vertical direction.
  • the present invention is not limited to this, and the RGB three-color chip can also have the same distance from the shading frame in the vertical direction of the display screen.
  • the first direction is the horizontal direction and the second direction is the vertical direction.
  • the oblique angle of the shade frame in the horizontal direction is between 2 degrees and 50 degrees.
  • the other description content is the same as the description of FIG. 1 to FIG. 8b, and is not repeated here.
  • FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view illustrating another configuration of the LED display screen in the present invention.
  • the up-down direction in FIG. 9 is a direction perpendicular to the LED display screen, and the upper side is the audience side.
  • the position and size of the light spot formed by the LED in the LED display screen are also shown in FIG. 9.
  • the LED display screen further includes an optical diffusion film, where p is the distance between adjacent LED chips in the LED array layer, and h is the optical diffusion film and the LED array layer are perpendicular to the optical diffusion.
  • the optical diffusion film is placed closer to the audience side than the LED array layer at a certain distance, that is, the light emitting side of the LED array layer can effectively shield the gaps between the LED chips and improve the pixel filling rate. Thereby, the light emitted from the LED array layer is scattered to the viewer side by the optical diffusion film.
  • FIG. 10 shows a structure example of a light-shielding frame different from that shown in FIG. 7.
  • the structure 1101 near the optical diffusion film in the light-shielding frame has a circular arc shape.
  • the size of the light-emitting side of the light-shielding frame can be less than 0.05mm, which is beneficial to the light emitted by the LED chip to enter the diffusion film above the light-shielding frame and improve the illuminance of the corresponding area.
  • the arc-shaped structure 1101 is also conducive to the realization of the injection-molding process, thereby making it easier to manufacture and process the shading frame.
  • the structures shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 10 may be provided separately or in combination for the shading frame. That is, the light shielding frame in the display screen can have an inclined side section and a circular arc structure, respectively, and the light shielding frame can have both an inclined side section and a circular arc structure.
  • the LED array layer includes three LED chips, namely LED1, LED2, and LED3, those skilled in the art should understand that the LED array layer may include as needed Any number of LED chips.
  • the light spots formed by the chips LED1, LED2, and LED3 are light spot light intensity 1 (or spatial distribution of light spot illumination 1), light spot light intensity 2 (or spatial distribution of light spot illumination 2), and light spot light intensity 3 (Or spatial distribution of spot illumination 3).
  • the illuminance distribution E ( ⁇ stop ) of the light spot on the surface of the optical diffusion film can be calculated according to the following formula (1):
  • I is the light intensity when ⁇ stop is 0.
  • FIG. 11a shows the light distribution of a single LED chip in a cross-sectional view of the LED display screen in the present invention
  • FIG. 11b shows the light distribution of a single LED chip in a front view of the LED display screen in the present invention.
  • the diameter D of the light spot can be defined by the corresponding light angle ⁇ stop .
  • the corresponding light angle ⁇ stop can be calculated according to the following formula (2):
  • the value of ⁇ stop is about 56 degrees, and the ratio of the corresponding spot diameter D and height h is 2tan ( ⁇ stop ) ⁇ 3.
  • the spot diameter D defined by the above light angle ⁇ stop can be used as the distance between the LED chips. Distance p.
  • the pixel fill ratio of an LED chip is defined as the ratio of the light emitting area and the pixel area of the LED chip.
  • the pixel fill ratio can be defined as the ratio of the spot area to the pixel area:
  • the diffusion angle of the optical diffusion film is explained below with reference to FIGS. 12-14d.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the angle ⁇ between the emitted light and the normal after passing through the optical diffusion film, where the intensity of the parallel light is I parallel , and the intensity of the emitted light after passing through the optical diffusion film is I ( ⁇ ) , I 0 is the intensity of the emitted light when ⁇ is 0.
  • FIG. 13 is a relationship curve between the incident parallel light intensity I and the outgoing light intensity I ( ⁇ ) after being diffused by the optical diffusion film in parallel with the angle ⁇ , and thereby defining the diffusion angle of the optical diffusion film.
  • the horizontal axis represents the angle ⁇
  • the vertical axis represents the emitted light intensity I ( ⁇ ).
  • the light intensity I ( ⁇ ) gradually decreases as ⁇ gradually increases.
  • the light intensity I ( ⁇ ) is reduced to a half of the central light intensity I 0 (that is, the light intensity when the value of ⁇ is 0)
  • the corresponding full angle 2 ⁇ is defined as the diffusion angle of the optical diffusion film.
  • the diffusion angle of the optical diffusion film in the present invention should be greater than 10 degrees, and more preferably greater than 40 degrees. When the diffusion angle is larger, the shielding effect of the optical diffusion film on the spaces between the LED chips is better.
  • the LED display screen in the present invention can effectively shield the gaps between the LED chips through the optical diffusion film, thereby improving the pixel filling rate of the LED chip, and making the pixel filling rate of the LED chip reach 70% or more.
  • the spot of the LED chip gradually increases on the surface of the optical diffusion film, so that the black area between adjacent LED chips can be filled, and the pixels of the LED chip can be increased. Fill rate.
  • FIG. 14a-14d illustrate the brightness distribution diagrams of adjacent LED chips under different diffusion angles.
  • FIG. 14a illustrates the brightness distribution of a diffusion film with a diffusion angle of 5 degrees
  • FIG. 14b illustrates the brightness distribution of a diffusion film with a diffusion angle of 10 degrees
  • FIG. 14c illustrates the brightness of a diffusion film with a diffusion angle of 40 degrees
  • Fig. 14d illustrates the brightness distribution of a diffusion film having a diffusion angle of 60 degrees.
  • the diffusion angle of the optical diffusion film should be greater than 10 degrees, preferably greater than 40 degrees. When the diffusion angle is larger, the shielding effect of the optical diffusion film on the spaces between the LED chips is better.
  • the optical diffusion film used in the present invention generally uses transparent PC or PET as a substrate, and may include a bulk diffusion film or a surface diffusion film.
  • the bulk diffusion film is provided with bulk scattering particles, and a bulk diffusion film having diffusion particles can be obtained using a precision optical coating device.
  • the bulk diffusion particles are, for example, inorganic particles such as silica and titanium dioxide particles, or organic particles such as acrylic resin and epoxy resin particles.
  • the surface of the surface diffusion film has a rough structure and can be obtained by a roll-to-roll embossing process.
  • an isotropic diffusion film can be selected. As shown in FIG. 15a, when an isotropic diffusion film is used, it can be seen from the viewer that the diffusion angle of the diffusion film in all directions is the same.
  • the optical diffusion film can also choose an anisotropic diffusion film.
  • viewers generally view the LED display screen in a relatively large horizontal field of view and a relatively small vertical field of view. Therefore, horizontal and Diffusion films with elliptical Gaussian scattering with different diffusion angles in the vertical direction.
  • an anisotropic diffusion film as shown in FIG. 15b it can be seen from the viewer that the diffusion angle of the diffusion film in the horizontal direction is greater than The diffusion angle in the vertical direction, so that the field of view in the horizontal direction is increased.
  • the viewing angle of the upper floor for the vertical field of view is relatively large, so the anisotropic diffusion film is set to have a vertical angle of diffusion greater than the horizontal direction.
  • the diffusion angle in any direction can be set to be greater than the diffusion angle in other directions.
  • the present invention by providing a light shielding frame for isolating each LED chip between the LED chips, it is possible to shield light at a large angle, thereby preventing crosstalk between adjacent pixels, and thereby improving the definition of the pixels.
  • the present invention by setting the inclination angle of the side surface of the light-shielding frame in the horizontal direction or the vertical direction within the range of 2 degrees to 50 degrees, it is possible to contribute to injection mold drafting when processing the light-shielding frame.
  • the present invention by increasing the inclination angle of the side of the light shielding frame in the vertical or horizontal direction, it is beneficial to reflect the angle incident on the light shielding frame at a small angle, thereby obtaining a better light mixing effect and improving color. Uniformity, reducing chromatic aberration, and can improve the utilization efficiency of the light source.
  • a specular reflection layer or a diffuse reflection layer may be covered on the side surface of the light shielding frame.
  • the surface of the substrate for setting and supporting the LED chip is painted black. The higher the proportion of the black area in the LED chip area, the better the contrast effect.
  • the opposite sides of the side cross-section of the light-shielding frame in the present invention may adopt a quadratic curve or a cross-sectional shape composed of a plurality of continuous line segments. Therefore, the design parameters for the shape of the opposite side of the side section are more and the degree of freedom is higher, so that the chromatic aberration can be better changed, and the shading frame can be more easily processed and detected.
  • the structure near the diffusion film in the light-shielding frame can have an arc shape, the illuminance of the corresponding area can be improved, and the light-shielding frame can be more easily manufactured and processed.

Abstract

An LED display screen, which comprises: an LED array layer that is composed of a plurality of LED chips and that is used for emitting light; and a light-shielding frame that is disposed between the LED chips and that is used for isolating each LED chip, wherein light emitted in the LED array layer is reflected to an audience side by means of the light-shielding frame.

Description

LED显示屏幕LED display screen 技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及LED显示技术领域，尤其涉及一种LED显示屏幕。The invention relates to the technical field of LED displays, and in particular to an LED display screen.
背景技术Background technique
传统的电影放映设备采用投影机和投影屏幕相结合的方式。由于投影机中镜头的设计缺陷和LED显示屏幕的反光特性，导致采用该方式的传统投影放映设备具有画面均匀性差、亮度低、画面对比度差和能耗高的缺点。Traditional film projection equipment uses a combination of a projector and a projection screen. Due to the design defect of the lens in the projector and the reflective characteristics of the LED display screen, the traditional projection projection equipment using this method has the disadvantages of poor picture uniformity, low brightness, poor picture contrast and high energy consumption.
由于观众对电影视觉效果的要求不断提高，越来越多的影院放映采用4K分辨率的片源。为了降低成本并提高画面的对比度，采用LED芯片的LED显示屏幕一般采用一个像素对应一个LED芯片的方式进行显示。As the audience's requirements for movie visual effects continue to increase, more and more theater shows use 4K resolution sources. In order to reduce the cost and improve the contrast of the screen, LED display screens using LED chips generally use one pixel to one LED chip for display.
然而，由于LED芯片本身的光强分布是朗伯分布，存在很多大角度的光线，如果不对该大角度光线进行遮蔽的话，就容易在相邻像素之间产生串扰，从而可能降低图像的清晰度。However, because the light intensity distribution of the LED chip itself is a Lambertian distribution, there are many large-angle rays. If the large-angle rays are not shielded, it is easy to generate crosstalk between adjacent pixels, which may reduce the sharpness of the image. .
发明内容Summary of the Invention
为解决上述所提到的在像素间产生串扰的问题，本发明公开了一种LED显示屏幕，其由LED阵列层和遮光架构成，其中，遮光架用于使相邻的LED芯片彼此隔离，从而能够防止像素之间产生串扰。In order to solve the above-mentioned problem of generating crosstalk between pixels, the present invention discloses an LED display screen, which is composed of an LED array layer and a light shielding frame, wherein the light shielding frame is used to isolate adjacent LED chips from each other. This can prevent crosstalk between pixels.
在本发明的第一方面提供一种LED显示屏幕，其包括：LED阵列层，其由多个LED芯片组成，并用于发出光；以及遮光架，其设置在所述LED芯片之间，并用于隔离每一所述LED芯片，其中，所述LED阵列层中发出的光由所述遮光架反射到观众侧。In a first aspect of the present invention, an LED display screen is provided, which includes: an LED array layer composed of a plurality of LED chips and used to emit light; and a shading frame disposed between the LED chips and used for Each of the LED chips is isolated, wherein the light emitted in the LED array layer is reflected to the audience side by the shading frame.
根据本发明中的LED显示屏幕能够有效地防止像素之间产生串扰的问题。The LED display screen according to the present invention can effectively prevent the problem of crosstalk between pixels.
另外，在本发明中，在所述LED显示屏幕的第一方向上，所述遮光架中用于反射来自所述LED芯片的发出的光的侧面的倾斜角度为2度到50度之间。以此结构，能够将入射在遮光架上的光线以比较小的角度反 射出去，更容易混光，从而更有利于改善颜色均匀性，并且能够提高光源的利用效率。In addition, in the present invention, in a first direction of the LED display screen, an inclination angle of a side surface of the light shielding frame for reflecting light emitted from the LED chip is between 2 degrees and 50 degrees. With this structure, the light incident on the light-shielding frame can be reflected at a relatively small angle, and it is easier to mix light, which is more conducive to improving color uniformity and improving the utilization efficiency of the light source.
另外，在本发明中，在所述LED显示屏幕的第二方向上，所述遮光架中用于反射来自所述LED芯片的发出的光的侧面的倾斜角度为2度到50度之间。以此结构，能够提高对比度。In addition, in the present invention, in a second direction of the LED display screen, an inclination angle of a side surface of the light shielding frame for reflecting light emitted from the LED chip is between 2 degrees and 50 degrees. With this structure, the contrast can be improved.
另外，在本发明中，所述第一方向为垂直方向和水平方向中的一者，所述第二方向为垂直方向和水平方向中的另一者。In addition, in the present invention, the first direction is one of a vertical direction and a horizontal direction, and the second direction is the other of the vertical direction and the horizontal direction.
另外，在本发明中，所述遮光架的所述侧面上覆盖有镜面反射层、高斯扩散层或者白色朗伯反射层。In addition, in the present invention, the side surface of the light shielding frame is covered with a specular reflection layer, a Gaussian diffusion layer, or a white Lambertian reflection layer.
另外，在本发明中，用于支撑所述LED阵列层的基板表面为黑色。以此结构，能够更好地显示黑色并提高对比度。In addition, in the present invention, the surface of the substrate for supporting the LED array layer is black. With this structure, it is possible to better display black and improve contrast.
另外，在本发明中，所述遮光架中用于反射来自所述LED芯片的光的侧面截面的相对侧边为抛物线、椭圆、圆形等二次曲线的形状。In addition, in the present invention, the opposite side of the side cross section for reflecting the light from the LED chip in the light shielding frame is in the shape of a quadratic curve such as a parabola, an ellipse, or a circle.
另外，在本发明中，所述遮光架中用于反射来自所述LED芯片的发出的光的侧面截面的相对侧边为由多个连续线段组成的截面形状。In addition, in the present invention, the opposite side of the side cross section for reflecting the light emitted from the LED chip in the light shielding frame is a cross-sectional shape composed of a plurality of continuous line segments.
通过将遮光架侧面的截面的相对侧边设置为二次曲线或由多个连续线段组成的截面形状，针对侧面截面形状的设计参数更多，自由度更高，从而能够更好地改变色差，并且能够更容易加工和检测该遮光架。By setting the opposite side of the cross section of the side of the shading frame to be a quadratic curve or a cross-sectional shape composed of multiple continuous line segments, the design parameters for the side cross-sectional shape are more and the degree of freedom is higher, so that the chromatic aberration can be better changed. And it is easier to process and inspect the shading frame.
另外，在本发明中的LED显示屏幕中还包括：光学扩散膜，其设置在所述LED阵列层的光出射侧，其中，经过所述遮光架反射的光朝向所述光学扩散膜出射，并透过所述光学扩散膜而扩散到观众侧。以此结构，能够有效地遮蔽LED芯片之间的空隙，从而提高LED芯片的像素填充率。In addition, the LED display screen in the present invention further includes: an optical diffusion film disposed on a light exit side of the LED array layer, wherein light reflected by the light shielding frame is emitted toward the optical diffusion film, and Diffusion to the viewer through the optical diffusion film. With this structure, the gaps between the LED chips can be effectively shielded, thereby improving the pixel filling rate of the LED chips.
另外，在本发明中，所述光学扩散膜为体扩散膜或表面扩散膜。In the present invention, the optical diffusion film is a bulk diffusion film or a surface diffusion film.
另外，在本发明中，所述遮光架中靠近所述光学扩散膜的结构为圆弧形。以此结构，能够提高相应区域的照度，并能够更简单地制造加工遮光架。以此结构，能够提高相应区域的照度，并能够更简单地制造加工遮光架。In addition, in the present invention, a structure near the optical diffusion film in the light-shielding frame is arc-shaped. With this structure, the illuminance of the corresponding area can be improved, and the shading frame can be manufactured and processed more simply. With this structure, the illuminance of the corresponding area can be improved, and the shading frame can be manufactured and processed more simply.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
图1为在一个LED芯片中设置RGB三色芯片和遮光架的结构。FIG. 1 is a structure in which an RGB three-color chip and a light shielding frame are arranged in an LED chip.
图2a和2b为在显示屏幕的垂直方向上各颜色芯片的光强分布不均匀。2a and 2b show uneven light intensity distribution of each color chip in the vertical direction of the display screen.
图3为本发明显示屏幕中遮光架的侧面倾斜的结构的剖视图。3 is a cross-sectional view of a tilted structure of a side of a light shielding frame in a display screen of the present invention.
图4为遮光架的倾斜角度与色差之间的关系曲线。FIG. 4 is a relationship curve between the inclination angle of the shading frame and the chromatic aberration.
图5为遮光架倾斜角度与黑色占比之间的关系。FIG. 5 shows the relationship between the oblique angle of the shading frame and the black ratio.
图6a-7b为遮光架侧面截面具有二次曲线形状的结构。Figures 6a-7b show a structure with a quadratic curve shape in the side section of the light-shielding frame.
图7为遮光架侧面截面具有由多个连续线段组成的截面形状的结构。7 is a structure in which a side cross-section of the light shielding frame has a cross-sectional shape composed of a plurality of continuous line segments.
图8a-8b为遮光架在水平方向和垂直方向上的倾斜方式。Figures 8a-8b show the tilting of the shading frame in the horizontal and vertical directions.
图9为本发明中LED显示屏幕又一构造的剖视图。9 is a cross-sectional view of another structure of the LED display screen in the present invention.
图10为又一遮光架结构示例。FIG. 10 is another structural example of the shading frame.
图11a示为在本发明中LED显示屏幕的剖视图中单个LED芯片的出光分布情况。FIG. 11 a shows the light distribution of a single LED chip in a cross-sectional view of an LED display screen in the present invention.
图11b为在本发明中LED显示屏幕的正视图中单个LED芯片的出光分布情况。FIG. 11b is a light distribution profile of a single LED chip in a front view of the LED display screen in the present invention.
图12为透过光学扩散膜后的出射光与法线之间的角度θ。FIG. 12 is an angle θ between the emitted light and the normal line after passing through the optical diffusion film.
图13是出射光强I(θ)与角度θ之间的关系曲线。FIG. 13 is a relationship curve between the emitted light intensity I (θ) and the angle θ.
图14a-14d为相邻LED芯片在不同扩散角度下的亮度分布图。14a-14d are brightness distribution diagrams of adjacent LED chips under different diffusion angles.
图15a为光学扩散膜为各向同性扩散膜时的圆形光分布。Fig. 15a is a circular light distribution when the optical diffusion film is an isotropic diffusion film.
图15b为光学扩散膜为各向异性扩散膜时的椭圆形光分布。Fig. 15b is an elliptical light distribution when the optical diffusion film is an anisotropic diffusion film.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面，将参照附图详细说明根据本发明的各具体实施例。需要强调的是，附图中的所有尺寸仅是示意性的并且不一定是按照真实比例图示的，因而不具有限定性。例如，应当理解，图示中的LED芯片、光学扩散膜、遮光架等组件的尺寸、比例等参数并不是按照实际的尺寸和比例示出的，仅是为了图示方便，但不是用于限定本发明的具体范围。Hereinafter, specific embodiments according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be emphasized that all dimensions in the drawings are only schematic and are not necessarily illustrated in true scale, and thus are not restrictive. For example, it should be understood that the dimensions, proportions, and other parameters of the components such as the LED chip, optical diffusion film, and light-shielding frame in the illustration are not shown according to the actual size and proportion, and are only for convenience of illustration, but not for limitation. The specific scope of the invention.
本发明中的LED显示屏幕由LED阵列层和遮光架组成，其中LED阵列层由多个用于发出光的LED芯片组成，且遮光架设置在LED芯片之间，用于隔离每一LED芯片。The LED display screen in the present invention is composed of an LED array layer and a light shielding frame, wherein the LED array layer is composed of a plurality of LED chips for emitting light, and the light shielding frame is arranged between the LED chips to isolate each LED chip.
该LED显示屏幕中所使用的LED芯片发出的光强分布是朗伯分布，因此存在很多大角度的光线。如果不对该大角度光线进行遮蔽的话，就容易在相邻像素之间产生串扰，从而可能降低图像的清晰度。The light intensity distribution emitted by the LED chip used in the LED display screen is a Lambertian distribution, so there are many large-angle light rays. If the large-angle light is not shielded, crosstalk is easily generated between adjacent pixels, which may reduce the sharpness of the image.
而在本发明的上述LED显示屏幕中，设置在LED芯片之间以用于隔离每一LED芯片的遮光架能够对大角度的光线进行遮蔽，从而防止相邻像素之间的串扰，并提高图像的清晰度。In the above-mentioned LED display screen of the present invention, a light-shielding frame provided between the LED chips to isolate each LED chip can shield light at a large angle, thereby preventing crosstalk between adjacent pixels and improving the image. Clarity.
另外，在本发明中，通过具体设置遮光架朝向LED芯片的侧面倾斜角度或侧面截面形状，能够进一步解决LED显示屏幕中混光、色差以及颜色不均匀的问题。In addition, in the present invention, by specifically setting a side tilt angle or a side cross-sectional shape of the light shielding frame toward the LED chip, the problems of light mixing, color difference, and color unevenness in the LED display screen can be further solved.
在下文中，结合图1-7来说明本发明中遮光架侧面的具体设置情况。In the following, the specific arrangement of the side of the shading frame in the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1-7.
如图1所示，该遮光架设置在LED芯片之间，用于隔离每一LED芯片。在每一LED芯片封装中，使RGB三色芯片线性排列。As shown in FIG. 1, the shading frame is disposed between the LED chips and is used to isolate each LED chip. In each LED chip package, RGB three-color chips are arranged linearly.
此外，参见图1可以看出，在显示屏幕的第二方向(在下文中关于本实施例的描述中称为水平方向)上，RGB芯片中的每一颜色芯片与遮光架的距离都是相同的，因此在水平方向上具有对称的光强分布。In addition, referring to FIG. 1, it can be seen that in the second direction of the display screen (hereinafter referred to as the horizontal direction in the description of this embodiment), the distance between each color chip in the RGB chip and the shading frame is the same. , So it has a symmetrical light intensity distribution in the horizontal direction.
由于水平方向的光强分布具有对称性，并不具有颜色不均匀的问题，因此水平方向的遮光架倾斜角度可以采用比较小的角度来增加黑色面积。为了提高对比度，水平方向上遮光架的倾斜角度在2度到50度范围内，当水平方向倾斜角度设置成2度，在加工遮光架时，能够有助于注塑拔模。上述水平方向上遮光架的倾斜角度定义为，在沿水平方向的剖视图中，遮光架中用于反射光的侧面与用于设置LED芯片的基板之间的夹角。Because the light intensity distribution in the horizontal direction is symmetrical and does not have the problem of color unevenness, the tilt angle of the shading frame in the horizontal direction can adopt a relatively small angle to increase the black area. In order to improve the contrast, the tilt angle of the shading frame in the horizontal direction is in the range of 2 degrees to 50 degrees. When the tilt angle of the horizontal direction is set to 2 degrees, it can help injection molding when processing the shading frame. The inclination angle of the light shielding frame in the horizontal direction is defined as an included angle between a side surface for reflecting light in the light shielding frame and a substrate on which the LED chip is disposed in a cross-sectional view along the horizontal direction.
然而，从图2a和2b可以看出，在该显示屏幕的第一方向(在下文中关于本实施例的描述中称为垂直方向)上，RGB芯片中各颜色芯片到遮光架的距离并不相同，这样会导致在垂直方向上的光强分布不均匀。而光强分布的不对称会引起大角度的颜色相对于中心颜色的偏差，即颜色均匀性变差。However, it can be seen from FIGS. 2a and 2b that in the first direction of the display screen (hereinafter referred to as the vertical direction in the description of this embodiment), the distance between the color chip and the shading frame in the RGB chip is not the same. This will cause uneven light intensity distribution in the vertical direction. And the asymmetry of the light intensity distribution will cause the deviation of the large-angle color from the center color, that is, the color uniformity becomes worse.
为了改善具有上述遮光架的该结构的颜色均匀性，本发明的发明人基于仿真结果发现，通过增大遮光架用于反射光的侧面的倾斜角度θ 1，能够将入射在遮光架上的光线以比较小的角度反射出去，更容易混光， 从而更有利于改善颜色均匀性，并且能够提高光源的利用效率。 In order to improve the color uniformity of the structure provided with the light-shielding frame, the inventors of the present invention have found based on simulation results that by increasing the inclination angle θ 1 of the side of the light-shielding frame for reflecting light, the light incident on the light-shielding frame can be increased. Reflecting at a relatively small angle, it is easier to mix light, which is more conducive to improving color uniformity, and can improve the utilization efficiency of the light source.
如图3所示，上述倾斜角度θ 1定义为，在沿垂直方向上的剖视图中，遮光架中用于反射光的侧面与用于设置LED芯片的基板之间的夹角，也可认为是遮光架中用于反射光的侧面与LED阵列层之间的夹角。 As shown, the inclination angle θ 3 1 is defined as a sectional view in the vertical direction, the light shielding holder to the side surface for reflecting light and the angle between the LED chips disposed substrates, can also be considered The angle between the side for reflecting light in the shading frame and the LED array layer.
此外，参见图4的曲线可以看出，随着遮光架的倾斜角度θ 1增加，入射在遮光架上的光线以更小的角度反射出去，从而能够获得更好的混光效果，由此能够逐渐提高降低色差的技术效果。 In addition, referring to the curve of FIG. 4, it can be seen that as the inclination angle θ 1 of the light shielding frame increases, the light incident on the light shielding frame is reflected at a smaller angle, so that a better light mixing effect can be obtained. Gradually increase the technical effect of reducing chromatic aberration.
遮光架的表面上可以覆盖镜面反射层或漫反射层，其中漫反射层可为高斯扩散层或白色朗伯反射层。The surface of the light shielding frame may be covered with a specular reflection layer or a diffuse reflection layer, wherein the diffuse reflection layer may be a Gaussian diffusion layer or a white Lambertian reflection layer.
上述白色漫反射层由基材和添加在基材中的反射颗粒形成，基材为例如PMMA、PC、ABS、PP、PVC等有机塑料材料，反射颗粒例如为TiO 2、硫酸钡等无机材料。 The white diffuse reflection layer is formed of a base material and reflective particles added to the base material. The base material is organic plastic materials such as PMMA, PC, ABS, PP, and PVC, and the reflective particles are inorganic materials such as TiO 2 and barium sulfate.
此外，当在遮光架表面上形成镜面反射或高斯扩散层时，可通过电镀、磁控溅射、喷漆等方式将反射材料或扩散材料制备在工程塑料的表面。In addition, when a specular reflection or Gaussian diffusion layer is formed on the surface of the light-shielding frame, a reflective material or a diffusion material can be prepared on the surface of the engineering plastic by means of electroplating, magnetron sputtering, spray painting, and the like.
此外，在本发明中，为了更好地显示黑色，将用于设置并支撑LED芯片的基板表面涂成黑色。黑色面积在LED芯片面积中的比例越高，则对比度的效果越好。In addition, in the present invention, in order to better display black, the surface of the substrate for setting and supporting the LED chip is painted black. The higher the proportion of the black area in the LED chip area, the better the contrast effect.
图5说明遮光架倾斜角度θ 1与黑色占比之间的关系。如图5所示，当遮光架侧面的倾斜角度θ 1增大到50度的时候，黑色占比降低为中心的50％，因此为了同时兼顾颜色均匀性和黑色占比的性能，该遮光架在垂直方向上的倾斜角度θ 1在2度到50度之间。 FIG. 5 illustrates the relationship between the shading angle θ 1 and the black ratio. As shown in FIG. 5, when the inclination angle θ 1 of the side of the shading frame is increased to 50 degrees, the black proportion is reduced to 50% of the center. Therefore, in order to take into account both the color uniformity and the black proportion performance, the shading frame The inclination angle θ 1 in the vertical direction is between 2 degrees and 50 degrees.
虽然在图3中说明了遮光架的侧面具有固定倾斜角度的情况，但遮光架的该侧面在沿着水平方向且垂直于基板方向上的截面(在下文中简称为侧面截面)的相对侧边还可以设计为诸如抛物线、椭圆、圆形等二次曲线的形状。例如，在图6a中示出了该侧面截面的相对侧边形成为抛物线的形状，图6b示出了该侧面相对侧边形成为椭圆的形状。Although FIG. 3 illustrates a case where the side surface of the light shielding frame has a fixed inclination angle, the side surface of the light shielding frame is opposite to a side of a cross section (hereinafter simply referred to as a side cross section) in the horizontal direction and perpendicular to the substrate direction It can be designed into the shape of a quadratic curve such as a parabola, an ellipse, a circle, and the like. For example, FIG. 6a shows that the opposite side of the side section is formed in a parabolic shape, and FIG. 6b shows that the opposite side of the side section is formed in an oval shape.
除了图3和图6a-6b所示的遮光架侧面截面的形状之外，该侧面截面的相对侧边还可以采用由多个连续线段组成的截面形状，如图7所示。通过使该侧面截面的形状形成连续分段线性的形状，由于可以针对每一 线段来设计该线段的角度，可设计的参数更多，自由度更高，从而能够更好地改变色差，并且能够更容易加工和检测该遮光架。In addition to the shape of the side cross-section of the shade frame shown in FIGS. 3 and 6a-6b, the opposite side of the side cross-section may also adopt a cross-sectional shape composed of multiple continuous line segments, as shown in FIG. By making the shape of the side section into a continuous piecewise linear shape, since the angle of the line segment can be designed for each line segment, more parameters can be designed and the degree of freedom is higher, so that the chromatic aberration can be better changed, and It is easier to process and inspect the shade frame.
此外，在上述内容中分别记载了遮光架在水平方向和垂直方向上的倾斜角度。在本发明中，可以如图8a所示，同时使水平方向和垂直方向上的倾斜角度设置为具有较大倾斜角度，也可以如图8b所示，使得遮光架在水平方向上的倾斜角度小于在垂直方向上的倾斜角度。In addition, the inclination angles of the shade frame in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction are described in the above. In the present invention, as shown in FIG. 8a, the inclination angles in the horizontal and vertical directions can be set to have a larger inclination angle, or as shown in FIG. 8b, the inclination angle of the shading frame in the horizontal direction is smaller than Angle of inclination in the vertical direction.
在上述图1-图8b的说明中，在每一LED芯片封装中，RGB三色芯片在显示屏幕的水平方向上与遮光架的距离都是相同的，即RGB芯片沿着垂直方向布置。然而，本发明并不限于此，RGB三色芯片也可以在显示屏幕的垂直方向上与遮光架的距离都是相同的。In the above description of FIG. 1 to FIG. 8b, in each LED chip package, the distance between the RGB three-color chip and the shading frame in the horizontal direction of the display screen is the same, that is, the RGB chips are arranged along the vertical direction. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the RGB three-color chip can also have the same distance from the shading frame in the vertical direction of the display screen.
在RGB三色芯片在显示屏幕的垂直方向上与遮光架的距离相同的情况下，则在对于遮光架倾斜角度的上述说明中，第一方向是水平方向，且第二方向是垂直方向。例如，该遮光架在水平方向(该情况下的第一方向)上的倾斜角度在2度到50度之间。其他说明内容与上述图1-图8b的说明相同，在此不再赘述。In the case where the RGB three-color chip has the same distance from the shading frame in the vertical direction of the display screen, in the above description of the tilt angle of the shading frame, the first direction is the horizontal direction and the second direction is the vertical direction. For example, the oblique angle of the shade frame in the horizontal direction (the first direction in this case) is between 2 degrees and 50 degrees. The other description content is the same as the description of FIG. 1 to FIG. 8b, and is not repeated here.
图9说明了本发明中LED显示屏幕另一构造的剖视图。在图9中的上下方向为垂直于LED显示屏幕的方向，其中上方为观众侧。图9中还示出了该LED显示屏幕中由LED形成的光斑的位置和大小。FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view illustrating another configuration of the LED display screen in the present invention. The up-down direction in FIG. 9 is a direction perpendicular to the LED display screen, and the upper side is the audience side. The position and size of the light spot formed by the LED in the LED display screen are also shown in FIG. 9.
如图9所示，该LED显示屏幕还包括有光学扩散膜，其中，p为LED阵列层中相邻LED芯片之间的间距，h为光学扩散膜与LED阵列层之间在垂直于光学扩散膜表面方向上的距离。将光学扩散膜按照一定的距离放置为比LED阵列层更靠近观众侧的位置处，即设置在LED阵列层的光出射侧，能够有效地遮蔽LED芯片间的空隙，提高像素填充率。由此，从LED阵列层中发出的光通过光学扩散膜散射到观众侧。As shown in FIG. 9, the LED display screen further includes an optical diffusion film, where p is the distance between adjacent LED chips in the LED array layer, and h is the optical diffusion film and the LED array layer are perpendicular to the optical diffusion. The distance in the direction of the film surface. The optical diffusion film is placed closer to the audience side than the LED array layer at a certain distance, that is, the light emitting side of the LED array layer can effectively shield the gaps between the LED chips and improve the pixel filling rate. Thereby, the light emitted from the LED array layer is scattered to the viewer side by the optical diffusion film.
图10示出了不同于图7所示的遮光架结构示例。在图10中，遮光架中靠近光学扩散膜的结构1101为圆弧形。通过该结构，遮光架出光侧的尺寸可小于0.05mm，从而有利于LED芯片发出的光线入射到遮光架上方扩散膜，提高相应区域的照度。另外，圆弧形结构1101也有利于实现注塑拔模工艺，从而能够更简单地制造加工遮光架。FIG. 10 shows a structure example of a light-shielding frame different from that shown in FIG. 7. In FIG. 10, the structure 1101 near the optical diffusion film in the light-shielding frame has a circular arc shape. With this structure, the size of the light-emitting side of the light-shielding frame can be less than 0.05mm, which is beneficial to the light emitted by the LED chip to enter the diffusion film above the light-shielding frame and improve the illuminance of the corresponding area. In addition, the arc-shaped structure 1101 is also conducive to the realization of the injection-molding process, thereby making it easier to manufacture and process the shading frame.
需要说明的是，图3和图10中所示的结构可以针对遮光架单独设置 或组合设置。即可以使显示屏幕中的遮光架分别具有倾斜侧面截面和圆弧形结构，也可以使遮光架同时具有倾斜侧面截面和圆弧形结构。It should be noted that the structures shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 10 may be provided separately or in combination for the shading frame. That is, the light shielding frame in the display screen can have an inclined side section and a circular arc structure, respectively, and the light shielding frame can have both an inclined side section and a circular arc structure.
再参考图9进行说明，虽然图9中以示例性的方式说明了LED阵列层包含有三个LED芯片，即LED1、LED2和LED3，但本领域技术人员应当能理解该LED阵列层可以根据需要包含任意数量的LED芯片。如图1所示，由芯片LED1、LED2和LED3形成的光斑分别为光斑光强度1(或光斑照度的空间分布1)、光斑光强度2(或光斑照度的空间分布2)和光斑光强度3(或光斑照度的空间分布3)。Referring to FIG. 9 again, although FIG. 9 illustrates by way of example that the LED array layer includes three LED chips, namely LED1, LED2, and LED3, those skilled in the art should understand that the LED array layer may include as needed Any number of LED chips. As shown in FIG. 1, the light spots formed by the chips LED1, LED2, and LED3 are light spot light intensity 1 (or spatial distribution of light spot illumination 1), light spot light intensity 2 (or spatial distribution of light spot illumination 2), and light spot light intensity 3 (Or spatial distribution of spot illumination 3).
在下文中，结合图11a-11b来说明在本发明中对于像素填充率的定义。In the following, the definition of the pixel fill ratio in the present invention is explained with reference to FIGS. 11a-11b.
如图11a所示，当光学扩散膜与LED阵列层之间的距离为h时，光学扩散膜的表面上光斑的照度分布E(θ stop)可以根据下述公式(1)计算： As shown in FIG. 11a, when the distance between the optical diffusion film and the LED array layer is h, the illuminance distribution E (θ stop ) of the light spot on the surface of the optical diffusion film can be calculated according to the following formula (1):
Figure PCTCN2019107997-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2019107997-appb-000001
其中，I为θ stop为0时的光强。 Here, I is the light intensity when θ stop is 0.
图11a示出了在本发明中LED显示屏幕的剖视图中单个LED芯片的出光分布情况，图11b示出了在本发明中LED显示屏幕的正视图中单个LED芯片的出光分布情况。FIG. 11a shows the light distribution of a single LED chip in a cross-sectional view of the LED display screen in the present invention, and FIG. 11b shows the light distribution of a single LED chip in a front view of the LED display screen in the present invention.
根据图11a所示，可以通过对应的光线角度θ stop来定义光斑的直径D。当照度分布E(θ stop)衰减到中心照度E(0)的一定比值a的时候(0<a<0.5)，对应的光线角度θ stop可根据下述公式(2)计算： According to FIG. 11 a, the diameter D of the light spot can be defined by the corresponding light angle θ stop . When the illuminance distribution E (θ stop ) decays to a certain ratio a of the central illuminance E (0) (0 <a <0.5), the corresponding light angle θ stop can be calculated according to the following formula (2):
Figure PCTCN2019107997-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2019107997-appb-000002
当a＝0.1的时候，θ stop的取值大约是56度，对应的光斑直径D和高度h的比值为2tan(θ stop)≈3。当a的值增大时，对应的光斑直径D会缩小，在实际应用中，像素填充率一定的情况下，此时可以将通过上述光线角度θ stop所定义的光斑直径D作为LED芯片之间的间距p。 When a = 0.1, the value of θ stop is about 56 degrees, and the ratio of the corresponding spot diameter D and height h is 2tan (θ stop ) ≈3. When the value of a increases, the corresponding spot diameter D will decrease. In practical applications, when the pixel fill ratio is constant, the spot diameter D defined by the above light angle θ stop can be used as the distance between the LED chips. Distance p.
LED芯片的像素填充率定义为LED芯片的发光面积和像素面积的比例。当在LED芯片表面覆盖有光学扩散膜的时候，由于光学扩散膜表面的照射区域由光斑直径D(或光斑半径r)来定义，可以将像素填充率定义为光斑面积和像素面积的比率：The pixel fill ratio of an LED chip is defined as the ratio of the light emitting area and the pixel area of the LED chip. When the surface of the LED chip is covered with an optical diffusion film, since the illuminated area on the surface of the optical diffusion film is defined by the spot diameter D (or spot radius r), the pixel fill ratio can be defined as the ratio of the spot area to the pixel area:
Figure PCTCN2019107997-appb-000003
Figure PCTCN2019107997-appb-000003
在下文中参考图12-14d来说明光学扩散膜的扩散角度。The diffusion angle of the optical diffusion film is explained below with reference to FIGS. 12-14d.
图12为透过光学扩散膜后的出射光与法线之间的角度θ的示意图，其中，平行光光强为I 平行，透过光学扩散膜之后发散的出射光光强为I(θ)，I 0是θ为0时的出射光光强。 FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the angle θ between the emitted light and the normal after passing through the optical diffusion film, where the intensity of the parallel light is I parallel , and the intensity of the emitted light after passing through the optical diffusion film is I (θ) , I 0 is the intensity of the emitted light when θ is 0.
图13为入射平行光光强I 平行经过光学扩散膜扩散之后的出射光强I(θ)与角度θ之间的关系曲线，并由此定义光学扩散膜的扩散角度。 FIG. 13 is a relationship curve between the incident parallel light intensity I and the outgoing light intensity I (θ) after being diffused by the optical diffusion film in parallel with the angle θ, and thereby defining the diffusion angle of the optical diffusion film.
在图13中，横轴表示角度θ，纵轴表示出射光光强I(θ)。由图6可知，平行光经过光学扩散膜后的出射光光强I(θ)随角度θ变化。In FIG. 13, the horizontal axis represents the angle θ, and the vertical axis represents the emitted light intensity I (θ). It can be seen from FIG. 6 that the light intensity I (θ) of the outgoing light after the parallel light passes through the optical diffusion film changes with the angle θ.
当θ＝0时，该光强I(θ)达到最大值I 0。当θ逐渐变大时光强I(θ)逐渐减弱。当光强I(θ)减弱到中心光强I 0(即θ值为0时的光强)一半的位置时，对应的全角2θ就定义为光学扩散膜的扩散角度。 When θ = 0, the light intensity I (θ) reaches a maximum value I 0 . The light intensity I (θ) gradually decreases as θ gradually increases. When the light intensity I (θ) is reduced to a half of the central light intensity I 0 (that is, the light intensity when the value of θ is 0), the corresponding full angle 2θ is defined as the diffusion angle of the optical diffusion film.
本发明中光学扩散膜的扩散角度应大于10度，更优选为大于40度。当该扩散角度越大时，光学扩散膜对LED芯片之间空隙的遮蔽效果越好。The diffusion angle of the optical diffusion film in the present invention should be greater than 10 degrees, and more preferably greater than 40 degrees. When the diffusion angle is larger, the shielding effect of the optical diffusion film on the spaces between the LED chips is better.
通过上述结构，本发明中的LED显示屏幕能够通过光学扩散膜有效地遮蔽LED芯片之间的空隙，从而提高LED芯片的像素填充率，可以使LED芯片的像素填充率达到70％以上。With the above structure, the LED display screen in the present invention can effectively shield the gaps between the LED chips through the optical diffusion film, thereby improving the pixel filling rate of the LED chip, and making the pixel filling rate of the LED chip reach 70% or more.
随着光学扩散膜和LED阵列层之间的距离h逐渐增加，LED芯片的光斑在光学扩散膜的表面逐渐增大，从而能够填充相邻LED芯片之间的黑色区域，并提高LED芯片的像素填充率。As the distance h between the optical diffusion film and the LED array layer gradually increases, the spot of the LED chip gradually increases on the surface of the optical diffusion film, so that the black area between adjacent LED chips can be filled, and the pixels of the LED chip can be increased. Fill rate.
图14a-14d说明了相邻LED芯片在不同扩散角度下的亮度分布图。其中，图14a中说明扩散角度为5度的扩散膜的亮度分布，图14b说明扩散角度为10度扩散膜的扩散膜的亮度分布，图14c说明扩散角度为40度扩散膜的扩散膜的亮度分布，图14d说明扩散角度为60度扩散膜的扩散膜的亮度分布。14a-14d illustrate the brightness distribution diagrams of adjacent LED chips under different diffusion angles. Among them, FIG. 14a illustrates the brightness distribution of a diffusion film with a diffusion angle of 5 degrees, FIG. 14b illustrates the brightness distribution of a diffusion film with a diffusion angle of 10 degrees, and FIG. 14c illustrates the brightness of a diffusion film with a diffusion angle of 40 degrees. Fig. 14d illustrates the brightness distribution of a diffusion film having a diffusion angle of 60 degrees.
根据图14a-14d的亮度分布图可知，当相邻LED芯片之间的间距p一定时，当该扩散角度越大时，相邻LED芯片亮度分布交叠的区域多，对应的在扩散膜形成的对应的LED光斑面积就大，能够填充的相邻LED芯片之间的黑色区域就越多，就能够使光学扩散膜对LED芯片之间空隙 的遮蔽效果越好。故在本发明中，光学扩散膜的扩散角度应大于10度，优选为大于40度，当该扩散角度越大时，光学扩散膜对LED芯片之间空隙的遮蔽效果越较好。According to the brightness distribution diagrams of Figs. 14a-14d, when the distance p between adjacent LED chips is constant, when the diffusion angle is larger, there are more areas where the brightness distribution of adjacent LED chips overlap, corresponding to the formation of a diffusion film. The corresponding LED spot area is larger, and the more black areas between adjacent LED chips that can be filled, the better the shielding effect of the optical diffusion film on the spaces between the LED chips. Therefore, in the present invention, the diffusion angle of the optical diffusion film should be greater than 10 degrees, preferably greater than 40 degrees. When the diffusion angle is larger, the shielding effect of the optical diffusion film on the spaces between the LED chips is better.
在本发明中使用的光学扩散膜一般采用透明的PC或者PET作为基材，可以包括体扩散膜或表面扩散膜。The optical diffusion film used in the present invention generally uses transparent PC or PET as a substrate, and may include a bulk diffusion film or a surface diffusion film.
该体扩散膜中设置有体散射粒子，可以使用精密光学涂布设备得到有扩散粒子的体扩散膜。该体扩散粒子例如为二氧化硅、二氧化钛颗粒等无机颗粒或者丙烯酸树脂、环氧系树脂颗粒等有机颗粒。The bulk diffusion film is provided with bulk scattering particles, and a bulk diffusion film having diffusion particles can be obtained using a precision optical coating device. The bulk diffusion particles are, for example, inorganic particles such as silica and titanium dioxide particles, or organic particles such as acrylic resin and epoxy resin particles.
该表面扩散膜的表面具有粗糙结构，可以通过卷对卷的压印工艺而获得。The surface of the surface diffusion film has a rough structure and can be obtained by a roll-to-roll embossing process.
光学扩散膜可选择各向同性的扩散膜。如图15a所示，在采用各向同性的扩散膜时，从观众侧可以看出，该扩散膜在各个方向的扩散角度都是相同的。As the optical diffusion film, an isotropic diffusion film can be selected. As shown in FIG. 15a, when an isotropic diffusion film is used, it can be seen from the viewer that the diffusion angle of the diffusion film in all directions is the same.
但该光学扩散膜也可以选择各向异性的扩散膜，并且在实际应用的场景中，观众一般在比较大的水平视场和比较小的垂直视场中观看LED显示屏幕，因此一般采用水平和竖直方向扩散角度不同的椭圆高斯散射分布的扩散膜，例如，在采用如图15b所示的各向异性的扩散膜时，从观众侧可以看出，该扩散膜在水平方向的扩散角度大于在垂直方向的扩散角度，从而使得水平方向的视场得到增加。However, the optical diffusion film can also choose an anisotropic diffusion film. In practical applications, viewers generally view the LED display screen in a relatively large horizontal field of view and a relatively small vertical field of view. Therefore, horizontal and Diffusion films with elliptical Gaussian scattering with different diffusion angles in the vertical direction. For example, when an anisotropic diffusion film as shown in FIG. 15b is used, it can be seen from the viewer that the diffusion angle of the diffusion film in the horizontal direction is greater than The diffusion angle in the vertical direction, so that the field of view in the horizontal direction is increased.
当然，在其他实际的应用场景中，电影院分上下二层楼时，处于上层楼对于垂直方向的视场的视角要求比较大，那么各向异性的扩散膜设置为垂直方向的扩散角度大于水平方向的扩散角度，当然，根据其他具体的实际需求，可以设置成任一方向的扩散角度大于其他方向的扩散角度。Of course, in other practical application scenarios, when the movie theater is divided into two floors, the viewing angle of the upper floor for the vertical field of view is relatively large, so the anisotropic diffusion film is set to have a vertical angle of diffusion greater than the horizontal direction. Of course, according to other specific practical requirements, the diffusion angle in any direction can be set to be greater than the diffusion angle in other directions.
在本发明中，通过在LED芯片之间设置用于隔离每一LED芯片的遮光架，能够对大角度的光线进行屏蔽，从而防止相邻像素之间的串扰，从而提高像素的清晰度。In the present invention, by providing a light shielding frame for isolating each LED chip between the LED chips, it is possible to shield light at a large angle, thereby preventing crosstalk between adjacent pixels, and thereby improving the definition of the pixels.
另外，在本发明中，通过将遮光架侧面在水平方向或垂直方向的倾斜角度设置在2度到50度范围内，能够有助于加工遮光架时的注塑拔模。In addition, in the present invention, by setting the inclination angle of the side surface of the light-shielding frame in the horizontal direction or the vertical direction within the range of 2 degrees to 50 degrees, it is possible to contribute to injection mold drafting when processing the light-shielding frame.
此外，在本发明中，通过增大遮光架侧面在垂直方向或水平方向上 的倾斜角度，有利于使入射到遮光架上的角度以小角度反射，从而获得更好的混光效果，改善颜色均匀性，降低色差，并且能够提高光源的利用效率。In addition, in the present invention, by increasing the inclination angle of the side of the light shielding frame in the vertical or horizontal direction, it is beneficial to reflect the angle incident on the light shielding frame at a small angle, thereby obtaining a better light mixing effect and improving color. Uniformity, reducing chromatic aberration, and can improve the utilization efficiency of the light source.
此外，在本发明中，可以在遮光架侧面表面上覆盖镜面反射层或漫反射层。In addition, in the present invention, a specular reflection layer or a diffuse reflection layer may be covered on the side surface of the light shielding frame.
在本发明中，为了更好地显示，将用于设置并支撑LED芯片的基板表面涂成黑色。黑色面积在LED芯片面积中的比例越高，则对比度的效果越好。In the present invention, for better display, the surface of the substrate for setting and supporting the LED chip is painted black. The higher the proportion of the black area in the LED chip area, the better the contrast effect.
另外，本发明中遮光架侧面截面的相对侧边可以采用二次曲线或由多个连续线段组成的截面形状。由此针对侧面截面的相对侧边形状的设计参数更多，自由度更高，从而能够更好地改变色差，并且能够更容易加工和检测该遮光架。In addition, the opposite sides of the side cross-section of the light-shielding frame in the present invention may adopt a quadratic curve or a cross-sectional shape composed of a plurality of continuous line segments. Therefore, the design parameters for the shape of the opposite side of the side section are more and the degree of freedom is higher, so that the chromatic aberration can be better changed, and the shading frame can be more easily processed and detected.
此外，通过使遮光架中靠近扩散膜的结构为圆弧形，能够提高相应区域的照度，并能够更简单地制造加工遮光架。In addition, by making the structure near the diffusion film in the light-shielding frame to have an arc shape, the illuminance of the corresponding area can be improved, and the light-shielding frame can be more easily manufactured and processed.
本领域技术人员应当理解，依据设计要求和其他因素，可以在本发明随附的权利要求或其等同物的范围内进行各种修改、组合、次组合以及改变。Those skilled in the art should understand that, according to design requirements and other factors, various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and changes can be made within the scope of the claims appended to the present invention or their equivalents.

Claims (11)

  1. 一种LED显示屏幕，其包括：An LED display screen includes:
    LED阵列层，其由多个LED芯片组成，并用于发出光；以及LED array layer, which is composed of a plurality of LED chips and is used to emit light; and
    遮光架，其设置在所述LED芯片之间，并用于隔离每一所述LED芯片，A light-shielding frame arranged between the LED chips and used to isolate each of the LED chips,
    其中，所述LED阵列层中发出的光由所述遮光架反射到观众侧。Wherein, the light emitted from the LED array layer is reflected to the audience side by the shading frame.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的LED显示屏幕，其中，在所述LED显示屏幕的第一方向上，所述遮光架中用于反射来自所述LED芯片的发出的光的侧面的倾斜角度为2度到50度之间。The LED display screen according to claim 1, wherein, in a first direction of the LED display screen, an inclination angle of a side surface of the shading frame for reflecting light emitted from the LED chip is 2 degrees To 50 degrees.
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的LED显示屏幕，其中，在所述LED显示屏幕的第二方向上，所述遮光架中用于反射来自所述LED芯片的发出的光的侧面的倾斜角度为2度到50度之间。The LED display screen according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, in a second direction of the LED display screen, an inclination angle of a side surface of the light shielding frame for reflecting light emitted from the LED chip is Between 2 and 50 degrees.
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的LED显示屏幕，其中，所述第一方向为垂直方向和水平方向中的一者，所述第二方向为垂直方向和水平方向中的另一者。The LED display screen according to claim 3, wherein the first direction is one of a vertical direction and a horizontal direction, and the second direction is the other of the vertical direction and the horizontal direction.
  5. 根据权利要求1或2所述的LED显示屏幕，其中，所述遮光架的所述侧面上覆盖有镜面反射层、高斯扩散层或者白色朗伯反射层。The LED display screen according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the side surface of the light shielding frame is covered with a specular reflection layer, a Gaussian diffusion layer, or a white Lambertian reflection layer.
  6. 根据权利要求1或2所述的LED显示屏幕，其中，用于支撑所述LED阵列层的基板表面为黑色。The LED display screen according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a surface of the substrate for supporting the LED array layer is black.
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的LED显示屏幕，其中，所述遮光架中用于反射来自所述LED芯片的光的侧面截面的相对侧边为抛物线、椭圆、圆形等二次曲线的形状。The LED display screen according to claim 1, wherein opposite sides of a side cross-section in the shading frame for reflecting light from the LED chip are in the shape of a quadratic curve such as a parabola, an ellipse, a circle, and the like.
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的LED显示屏幕，其中，所述遮光架中用于反射来自所述LED芯片的发出的光的侧面截面的相对侧边为由多个连续线段组成的截面形状。The LED display screen according to claim 1, wherein opposite sides of a side cross-section in the light-shielding frame for reflecting light emitted from the LED chip have a cross-sectional shape composed of a plurality of continuous line segments.
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的LED显示屏幕，其还包括：光学扩散膜，其设置在所述LED阵列层的光出射侧，其中，经过所述遮光架反射的光朝向所述光学扩散膜出射，并透过所述光学扩散膜而扩散到观众侧。The LED display screen according to claim 1, further comprising: an optical diffusion film disposed on a light emitting side of the LED array layer, wherein light reflected by the light shielding frame is emitted toward the optical diffusion film, And diffused to the viewer through the optical diffusion film.
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的LED显示屏幕，其中，所述光学扩散膜为体扩散膜或表面扩散膜。The LED display screen according to claim 9, wherein the optical diffusion film is a bulk diffusion film or a surface diffusion film.
  11. 根据权利要求9所述的LED显示屏幕，其中，所述遮光架中靠近所述光学扩散膜的结构为圆弧形。The LED display screen according to claim 9, wherein a structure of the light-shielding frame close to the optical diffusion film is arc-shaped.
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