WO2020140936A1 - 随机接入方法、终端及网络设备 - Google Patents

随机接入方法、终端及网络设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020140936A1
WO2020140936A1 PCT/CN2020/070090 CN2020070090W WO2020140936A1 WO 2020140936 A1 WO2020140936 A1 WO 2020140936A1 CN 2020070090 W CN2020070090 W CN 2020070090W WO 2020140936 A1 WO2020140936 A1 WO 2020140936A1
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Prior art keywords
random access
step random
terminal
access process
network device
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
谢芳
徐晓东
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China Mobile Communications Group Co Ltd
Research Institute of China Mobile Communication Co Ltd
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China Mobile Communications Group Co Ltd
Research Institute of China Mobile Communication Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/002—Transmission of channel access control information
    • H04W74/004—Transmission of channel access control information in the uplink, i.e. towards network
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/002—Transmission of channel access control information
    • H04W74/006—Transmission of channel access control information in the downlink, i.e. towards the terminal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
    • H04W74/0833—Random access procedures, e.g. with 4-step access

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular, to a random access method, terminal, and network equipment.
  • the UE and the base station In the random access mechanism of the unlicensed frequency band, the UE and the base station must perform LBT (Listen before talk, listen before talking) operation before each data transmission, reducing the steps of the four-step random access mechanism in the related technology to two Step, can reduce the number of LBT, thereby reducing the overall delay of random access. Since the two-step RACH can reduce the steps of the random access process, the application scenario is not limited to the unlicensed band, but can also be extended to the licensed band.
  • LBT Listen before talk, listen before talking
  • the terminal and the network may support two-step RACH and four-step RACH at the same time, how to select or switch between the two mechanisms is an urgent problem to be solved.
  • the present disclosure provides a random access method, terminal and network equipment.
  • the terminal can initiate a two-step RACH or switch from a two-step RACH to a four-step RACH.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure provide the following solutions:
  • a random access method is applied to a terminal.
  • the method includes:
  • the random access conditions of the two-step random access process or the four-step random access process sent by the network device include:
  • the instruction information is used to instruct the terminal to perform random access according to a two-step random access procedure or a four-step random access procedure;
  • the random access configuration information includes: a threshold of parameters for a terminal to perform a two-step random access process.
  • the threshold includes: the distance between the terminal and the network device, the reference signal received power RSRP, the reference signal received quality RSRQ, the signal-to-interference ratio SINR, the received signal strength indicator RSSI, the success rate of LBT before listening, and then the transmission after listening At least one of LBT failure rate and channel occupancy threshold.
  • performing random access according to the two-step random access process includes:
  • the terminal When the instruction information instructs the terminal to access according to the two-step random access procedure, the terminal performs random access according to the two-step random access procedure.
  • performing random access according to the two-step random access process includes:
  • performing random access according to the four-step random access process includes:
  • performing random access according to the four-step random access process includes:
  • the terminal sends a random access request in the two-step random access process and reaches a preset period of time, if it does not receive the random access response from the network device or does not complete the two-step random access process, it follows
  • the four-step random access process performs random access; or,
  • Random access is performed according to the four-step random access process.
  • the performing random access according to the four-step random access process further includes sending a preamble according to the four-step random access process to perform random access.
  • performing random access according to the four-step random access process includes:
  • the terminal After the terminal sends the random access request in the two-step random access process, if it receives a random access response fed back by the network device, and the content of the random access response and the random access request When the expected content indicating success does not match or does not match or the random access response is not sent to the terminal or instructs the terminal to perform four-step random access, perform random access according to the four-step random access procedure.
  • random access according to the four-step random access process includes:
  • the terminal Sending the MSG3 or RRC RRC establishment request or RRC connection establishment request or scheduled transmission message in the four-step random access process;
  • the terminal sends the random access request message in the four-step random access process .
  • the handover command or radio resource control RRC reconfiguration command or media access control MAC message receives the indication information or the random access configuration information sent by the network device.
  • An embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a random access method, which is applied to a network device, and the method includes:
  • the random access conditions of the four-step random access process are described in the four-step random access process.
  • the random access conditions for sending the two-step random access process or the four-step random access process to the terminal include:
  • Send instruction information to the terminal where the instruction information is used to instruct the terminal to perform random access according to a two-step random access procedure or a four-step random access procedure;
  • the random access configuration information includes: a threshold of parameters for the terminal to perform a two-step random access process.
  • the indication information or the random access configuration information sent to the terminal through a handover command or a radio resource control RRC reconfiguration command or a media access control MAC message.
  • the method further includes: sending a time length or number of times threshold for attempting two-step random access to the terminal, wherein,
  • the four-step random access process performs random access; or,
  • An embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a terminal, including:
  • the transceiver is used to receive the random access conditions sent by the network device in the two-step random access process or the four-step random access process;
  • a processor configured to perform random access according to the two-step random access procedure when the random access condition meets the access condition of the two-step random access procedure; when the random access condition satisfies the four-step randomness During the access conditions of the access process, random access is performed according to the four-step random access process.
  • the transceiver is specifically used to: receive indication information sent by the network device, and the indication information is used to instruct the terminal to perform random access according to the two-step random access process or the four-step random access process; or receive the network device to send Random access configuration information, the random access configuration information includes: a threshold of parameters for the terminal to perform a two-step random access process.
  • the threshold includes: the distance between the terminal and the network device, the reference signal received power RSRP, the reference signal received quality RSRQ, the signal-to-interference ratio SINR, the received signal strength indicator RSSI, the success rate of LBT before listening, and then the transmission after listening At least one of LBT failure rate and channel occupancy threshold.
  • An embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a network device, including:
  • a transceiver for sending random access conditions of a two-step random access process or a four-step random access process to the terminal; enabling the terminal to perform two-step random access according to the random access conditions of the two-step random access process Into the process; according to the random access conditions of the four-step random access process to perform a four-step random access process.
  • the transceiver is specifically used to: send instruction information to the terminal, and the instruction information is used to instruct the terminal to perform random access according to a two-step random access process or a four-step random access process; or send random access to the terminal Configuration information, the random access configuration information includes: a threshold of parameters for the terminal to perform a two-step random access process.
  • An embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a communication device, including: a processor and a memory storing a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the method described above is executed.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a computer-readable storage medium, including instructions, which when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method as described above.
  • the terminal can initiate a two-step RACH or switch from a two-step RACH to a four-step RACH.
  • Figure 1 is a four-step random access process
  • Figure 2 is a two-step random access process
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a random access method on a terminal side of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a network device of the present disclosure.
  • two-step and four-step RACH may include CBRA and CFRA, that is, there are four random access mechanisms: two-step CBRA, two-step CFRA, four-step CBRA, and four-step CFRA, of which four-step CFRA can refer to related CFRA mechanism in technology.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a random access method, which is applied to a terminal.
  • the method includes:
  • Step 31 Receive the random access condition sent by the network device in the two-step random access process or the four-step random access process;
  • Step 32 When the random access condition meets the access condition of the two-step random access process, perform random access according to the two-step random access process; and when the random access condition meets the four-step random access For the access conditions of the process, random access is performed according to the four-step random access process.
  • step 31 specifically includes: step 311, receiving instruction information sent by a network device, the instruction information is used to instruct the terminal to perform random access according to a two-step random access procedure or a four-step random access procedure; in step 311 ,
  • the indication information sent by the network device such as RRC (radio resource control) signaling, can be received through a handover command or a radio resource control RRC reconfiguration command or a media access control MAC message, and the indication information can be expressed in bits ;
  • RRC radio resource control
  • step 32 when the random access condition meets the access condition of the two-step random access process, performing random access according to the two-step random access process includes:
  • the terminal When the instruction information instructs the terminal to access according to the two-step random access procedure, the terminal performs random access according to the two-step random access procedure.
  • the step 31 may also specifically include:
  • Step 312 Receive random access configuration information sent by the network device, where the random access configuration information includes: a threshold of parameters for the terminal to perform a two-step random access process.
  • the threshold includes: at least one of a distance between the terminal and the network device, interference parameters, a success rate of LBT before listening, a failure rate of LBT before listening, and a channel occupancy threshold.
  • the random access configuration information may be received through a handover command or a radio resource control RRC reconfiguration command; of course, the random access configuration information may also be broadcasted through SIB (System Information Blocks).
  • SIB System Information Blocks
  • Interference parameters between the terminal and the network equipment such as RSSI (Received Signal Strength, Indication), RSRP (Reference Signal Receiving Power) or RSRQ (Reference Signal Receiving Quality) or SINR (Signal Toto Interference plus Noise Ratio, signal to noise interference ratio).
  • RSSI Receiveived Signal Strength, Indication
  • RSRP Reference Signal Receiving Power
  • RSRQ Reference Signal Receiving Quality
  • SINR Signal Toto Interference plus Noise Ratio, signal to noise interference ratio
  • step 32 when the random access condition meets the access condition of the two-step random access process, performing random access according to the two-step random access process includes:
  • performing random access according to the four-step random access process includes: When the two-step random access process is unsuccessful, random access is performed according to the four-step random access process.
  • the terminal After the terminal sends a random access request in the two-step random access process and reaches a preset time period, it does not receive a random access response from the network device or does not complete the two-step random access During the process, random access is performed according to the four-step random access process; or,
  • Random access is performed according to the four-step random access process.
  • step 32 when the two-step random access process is unsuccessful, performing random access according to the four-step random access process may further include:
  • the terminal After the terminal sends the random access request in the two-step random access process, if it receives a random access response fed back by the network device, and the content of the random access response and the random access request When the expected content indicating success does not match or does not match or the random access response is not sent to the terminal or instructs the terminal to perform four-step random access, perform random access according to the four-step random access procedure.
  • random access according to the four-step random access process includes:
  • the terminal performs In the four-step random access process, Msg3 or radio resource control RRC establishment request or radio resource control RRC connection establishment request or scheduled transmission message is sent, and a contention resolution message fed back by the network device is received;
  • the terminal sends a random access request message in the four-step random access process, and Receiving a random access response message fed back by the network device, and sending a scheduled transmission message to the network device, and receiving a contention resolution message fed back by the network device;
  • the first message may include a timing advance command (Timing Advance Command), an uplink scheduling grant (UL grant), a cell radio network identifier (Cell-Radio Network Temporary Identifier, C-RNTI) or a temporary cell radio network identifier ( Temporary (C-RNTI, T-CRNTI) part or all; the second message may include a random access preamble identifier (Random Access Preamble ID, RAPID).
  • Timing Advance Command Timing Advance Command
  • UL grant uplink scheduling grant
  • C-RNTI Cell-Radio Network Temporary Identifier
  • RAPID Random Access Preamble ID
  • the two-step RACH since the two-step RACH does not obtain TA (Tracking Area) and UL GRANT (uplink authorization) information when sending MSGA (Random Access Request), the two-step RACH is suitable for terminal distance The scene where the base station is closer;
  • the base station may configure the terminal with a threshold that reflects the distance and/or interference parameters, such as RSSI, RSRP, or RSRQ or SINR;
  • one of the conditions for the 2-step RACH is that the channel occupation time of the terminal is longer, so another threshold configured by the base station for the UE is: the LBT success rate monitored by the UE Or failure rate or channel occupancy (channel occupancy, the percentage of measurement samples whose RSSI value is higher than the threshold) threshold;
  • the terminal determines whether to initiate a two-step or four-step RACH according to its own situation:
  • the UE According to the instruction of the base station, if the base station instructs the cell to support 2-step RACH, the UE initiates 2-step RACH first; or the UE's own measurement results compare with the above threshold to determine whether two-step or 4-step random access should be initiated.
  • the above thresholds can be used separately or jointly. If the RSRP is higher than a certain threshold and the channel occupancy reaches a certain threshold, the UE can initiate a two-step RACH.
  • the terminal arrives at a certain time (base station configuration or Timer specified in the protocol) or the MSGA sent by the UE reaches a certain number of times (base station configuration or protocol specified Counter), no feedback from the base station is received or the 2-step random access process is not completed, Then the UE sends a preamble (preamble) according to the 4-step RACH operation;
  • the UE receives feedback information (random access response) from the base station, but the content of the received random access response does not match the expected MSG B, for example, if the MSG B received is not specific to itself, the UE understands that the next step Send MSG3 (if the base station feedback content is the same as MSG2) or send MSG1 (if the base station feedback content is different from MSG2).
  • the MSGB of the two-step random access process here is equivalent to MSG 2 and MSG 4 in the four-step random access process;
  • the above-mentioned embodiments of the present disclosure are applicable to a scenario where a terminal in a non-connected state performs initial random access, and is also applicable to a terminal in a connected state performing cell switching, SCell (secondary cell) addition, Beam failure recovery, reconstruction, etc.
  • the base station may instruct the UE with commands such as handover commands and RRC reconfiguration: when the contention-based RACH in the above scenario occurs, the UE should initiate a two-step RACH or a four-step RACH.
  • the terminal can initiate a two-step RACH or switch from a two-step RACH to a four-step RACH.
  • An embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a random access method, which is applied to network equipment.
  • the method includes: Step 41: Send a random access condition of a two-step random access process or a four-step random access process to a terminal; The terminal performs a two-step random access process according to the random access conditions of the two-step random access process; and performs a four-step random access process according to the random access conditions of the four-step random access process.
  • step 41 may specifically include:
  • Step 411 Send instruction information to the terminal, where the instruction information is used to instruct the terminal to perform random access according to a two-step random access procedure or a four-step random access procedure; or
  • Step 412 Send random access configuration information to the terminal, where the random access configuration information includes: a threshold of parameters for the terminal to perform a two-step random access process.
  • the indication information or the random access configuration information sent to the terminal may be sent through a handover command or a radio resource control RRC reconfiguration command.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a terminal, including:
  • the transceiver 41 is used to receive random access conditions sent by a network device in a two-step random access process or a four-step random access process;
  • the processor 42 is configured to perform random access according to the two-step random access process when the random access condition meets the access conditions of the two-step random access process; when the random access condition satisfies four steps When the access condition of the random access process is performed, random access is performed according to the four-step random access process.
  • the transceiver is specifically used to: receive indication information sent by the network device, and the indication information is used to instruct the terminal to perform random access according to the two-step random access process or the four-step random access process; or receive the network device to send Random access configuration information, the random access configuration information includes: a threshold of parameters for the terminal to perform a two-step random access process.
  • the threshold includes: the distance between the terminal and the network device, the reference signal received power RSRP, the reference signal received quality RSRQ, the signal-to-interference ratio SINR, the received signal strength indicator RSSI, the success rate of LBT before listening, and then the transmission after listening At least one of LBT failure rate and channel occupancy threshold.
  • the terminal is a network device corresponding to the method shown in FIG. 3 above. All implementations in the above method embodiments are applicable to the terminal embodiment, and the same technical effect can be achieved.
  • the terminal may further include: a memory 43, a transceiver 41 and a processor 42, and between the transceiver 41 and the memory 43, all may be connected through a bus interface, and the function of the transceiver 41 may be realized by the processor 42 and processed The function of the transceiver 42 may also be realized by the transceiver 41.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a network device, including:
  • the transceiver 51 is used to send the random access conditions of the two-step random access process or the four-step random access process to the terminal; make the terminal perform two-step randomization according to the random access conditions of the two-step random access process Access process: Perform the four-step random access process according to the random access conditions of the four-step random access process.
  • the transceiver 51 is specifically used to: send instruction information to the terminal, and the instruction information is used to instruct the terminal to perform random access according to a two-step random access process or a four-step random access process; or send a random access to the terminal Configuration information, the random access configuration information includes: a threshold of parameters for the terminal to perform a two-step random access process.
  • the network device may further include: a processor 52, a memory 53, the transceiver 51 and the processor 52, and the transceiver 51 and the memory 53 may be connected through a bus interface, and the function of the transceiver 51 may be processed by The processor 52 is implemented, and the functions of the processor 52 may also be implemented by the transceiver 51.
  • An embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a communication device, including: a processor and a memory storing a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the method described above is executed. Specifically, when the communication device is a terminal, the method on the terminal side shown in FIG. 3 above is executed, and when the communication device is a network device, the method on the network device side is executed. All the embodiments in the above method are also applicable to the embodiment of the communication device, and the same technical effect can also be achieved.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a computer-readable storage medium, including instructions, which when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method as described above.
  • the disclosed device and method may be implemented in other ways.
  • the device embodiments described above are only schematic.
  • the division of the unit is only a logical function division, and there may be other divisions in actual implementation, for example, multiple units or components may be combined or Can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored, or not implemented.
  • the displayed or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may be in electrical, mechanical, or other forms.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present disclosure may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the function is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the technical solution of the present disclosure essentially or part of the contribution to the related technology or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including several
  • the instructions are used to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described in the embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the foregoing storage media include various media that can store program codes, such as a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a ROM, a RAM, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.
  • each component or each step can be decomposed and/or recombined.
  • These decompositions and/or recombinations should be regarded as equivalent solutions of the present disclosure.
  • the steps for performing the above-mentioned series of processing can naturally be executed in chronological order in the order described, but they do not necessarily need to be executed in chronological order, and some steps can be executed in parallel or independently of each other.
  • the purpose of the present disclosure can also be achieved by running a program or a group of programs on any computing device.
  • the computing device may be a well-known general-purpose device. Therefore, the object of the present disclosure can also be achieved only by providing a program product containing program code for implementing the method or device. That is, such a program product also constitutes the present disclosure, and a storage medium storing such a program product also constitutes the present disclosure. Obviously, the storage medium may be any well-known storage medium or any storage medium developed in the future. It should also be noted that, in the device and method of the present disclosure, obviously, each component or each step can be decomposed and/or recombined.
  • the embodiments described in the embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented by hardware, software, firmware, middleware, microcode, or a combination thereof.
  • the processing unit can be implemented in one or more application specific integrated circuits (Application Specific Integrated Circuits, ASIC), digital signal processor (Digital Signal Processing, DSP), digital signal processing device (DSP Device, DSPD), programmable Logic Device (Programmable Logic Device, PLD), Field Programmable Gate Array (Field-Programmable Gate Array, FPGA), general-purpose processor, controller, microcontroller, microprocessor, others for performing the functions described in this disclosure Electronic unit or its combination.
  • ASIC Application Specific Integrated Circuits
  • DSP Digital Signal Processing
  • DSP Device digital signal processing device
  • DPD digital signal processing device
  • PLD programmable Logic Device
  • Field Programmable Gate Array Field-Programmable Gate Array
  • FPGA Field-Programmable Gate Array
  • the technology described in the embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented through modules (eg, procedures, functions, etc.) that perform the functions described in the embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the software codes can be stored in the memory and executed by the processor.
  • the memory may be implemented in the processor or external to the processor.

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Abstract

本公开的实施例提供一种随机接入方法、终端及网络设备。终端侧的方法包括：接收网络设备发送的两步随机接入流程或者四步随机接入流程的随机接入条件；在所述随机接入条件满足两步随机接入流程的接入条件时，按照所述两步随机接入流程进行随机接入；在所述随机接入条件满足四步随机接入流程的接入条件时，按照所述四步随机接入流程进行随机接入。

Description

随机接入方法、终端及网络设备
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请主张在2019年1月2日在中国提交的中国专利申请No.201910000965.3的优先权，其全部内容通过引用包含于此。
技术领域
本公开涉及通信技术领域，特别是指一种随机接入方法、终端及网络设备。
背景技术
免许可频段的随机接入机制中，UE和基站在每次发数据之前都要进行LBT(Listen before talk，先听后说)操作，减少相关技术中的四步随机接入机制的步骤到两步，可以减少进行LBT的次数，从而减少随机接入的整体时延。由于两步RACH能减少随机接入过程的步骤，所以应用场景不局限于免许可频段，也可扩展到许可频段。
由于终端和网络可能同时支持两步RACH和四步RACH，那么如何在两种机制中选择或切换是一个亟需解决的问题。
发明内容
本公开提供了一种随机接入方法、终端及网络设备。使得终端可以发起两步RACH或者由两步RACH切换到四步RACH。
为解决上述技术问题，本公开的实施例提供如下方案：
一种随机接入方法，应用于终端，所述方法包括：
接收网络设备发送的两步随机接入流程或者四步随机接入流程的随机接入条件；
在所述随机接入条件满足两步随机接入流程的接入条件时，按照所述两步随机接入流程进行随机接入；
在所述随机接入条件满足四步随机接入流程的接入条件时，按照所述四 步随机接入流程进行随机接入。
其中，接收网络设备发送的两步随机接入流程或者四步随机接入流程的随机接入条件，包括：
接收网络设备发送的指示信息，所述指示信息用于指示终端按照两步随机接入流程或者四步随机接入流程进行随机接入；或者
接收网络设备发送的随机接入配置信息，所述随机接入配置信息包括：终端进行两步随机接入流程的参数的门限。
其中，所述门限包括：终端与网络设备的距离、参考信号接收功率RSRP、参考信号接收质量RSRQ、信号噪声干扰比SINR、接收信号强度指示RSSI、先听后发LBT成功率、先听后发LBT失败率、信道占用率门限中的至少一个。
其中，在所述随机接入条件满足两步随机接入流程的接入条件时，按照所述两步随机接入流程进行随机接入，包括：
在所述指示信息指示终端按照两步随机接入流程接入时，所述终端按照所述两步随机接入流程进行随机接入。
其中，在所述随机接入条件满足两步随机接入流程的接入条件时，按照所述两步随机接入流程进行随机接入，包括：
在所述终端测量的进行随机接入的参数满足所述两步随机接入流程的参数的门限时，按照所述两步随机接入流程进行随机接入。
其中，在所述随机接入条件满足四步随机接入流程的接入条件时，按照所述四步随机接入流程进行随机接入包括：
在两步随机接入流程不成功时，按照所述四步随机接入流程进行随机接入。
其中，在两步随机接入流程不成功时，按照所述四步随机接入流程进行随机接入，包括：
所述终端进行所述两步随机接入流程中发送随机接入请求后到达一预设时间段，没有收到所述网络设备反馈随机接入响应或没有完成两步随机接入过程时，按照所述四步随机接入流程进行随机接入；或者，
所述终端进行所述两步随机接入流程中发送的随机接入请求消息的次数 到达一预设次数，没有收到所述网络设备反馈随机接入响应或没有完成两步随机接入过程时，按照所述四步随机接入流程进行随机接入。
其中，所述按照所述四步随机接入流程进行随机接入还包括，按照所述四步随机接入流程发送preamble以进行随机接入。
其中，在两步随机接入流程不成功时，按照所述四步随机接入流程进行随机接入，包括：
所述终端进行所述两步随机接入流程中发送随机接入请求后，若收到所述网络设备反馈的随机接入响应，且所述随机接入响应的内容与所述随机接入请求期待的指示成功的内容不匹配或不相符或所述随机接入响应不是发给所述终端或指示终端进行四步随机接入时，按照所述四步随机接入流程进行随机接入。
其中，按照所述四步随机接入流程进行随机接入，包括：
若所述随机接入响应中第一消息内容或字段与四步随机接入流程的随机接入响应消息相同，第二消息内容与四步随机接入流程的竞争解决消息不同，则所述终端进行所述四步随机接入流程中MSG3或无线资源控制RRC建立请求或无线资源控制RRC连接建立请求或调度传输消息的发送；
若所述随机接入响应中第一消息内容或字段与四步随机接入流程的随机接入响应消息不同，则所述终端进行所述四步随机接入流程中随机接入请求消息的发送。
其中，所述通过切换命令或者无线资源控制RRC重配置命令或媒体接入控制MAC消息，接收所述网络设备发送的所述指示信息或者所述随机接入配置信息。
本公开的实施例还提供一种随机接入方法，应用于网络设备，所述方法包括：
向终端发送两步随机接入流程或者四步随机接入流程的随机接入条件；使所述终端按照所述两步随机接入流程的随机接入条件进行两步随机接入流程；按照所述四步随机接入流程的随机接入条件进行四步随机接入流程。
其中，向终端发送两步随机接入流程或者四步随机接入流程的随机接入条件，包括：
向终端发送指示信息，所述指示信息用于指示终端按照两步随机接入流程或者四步随机接入流程进行随机接入；或者
向终端发送随机接入配置信息，所述随机接入配置信息包括：终端进行两步随机接入流程的参数的门限。
其中，通过切换命令或者无线资源控制RRC重配置命令或媒体接入控制MAC消息，向终端发送的所述指示信息或者所述随机接入配置信息。
其中，所述方法还包括：向终端发送尝试两步随机接入的时间长度或次数门限，其中，
所述终端进行所述两步随机接入流程中发送随机接入请求后到达所述时间长度门限，没有收到所述网络设备反馈随机接入响应或没有完成两步随机接入过程时，按照所述四步随机接入流程进行随机接入；或者，
所述终端进行所述两步随机接入流程中发送的随机接入请求消息的次数到达所述次数门限，没有收到所述网络设备反馈随机接入响应或没有完成两步随机接入过程时，按照所述四步随机接入流程进行随机接入
本公开的实施例还提供一种终端，包括：
收发机，用于接收网络设备发送的两步随机接入流程或者四步随机接入流程的随机接入条件；
处理器，用于在所述随机接入条件满足两步随机接入流程的接入条件时，按照所述两步随机接入流程进行随机接入；在所述随机接入条件满足四步随机接入流程的接入条件时，按照所述四步随机接入流程进行随机接入。
其中，所述收发机具体用于：接收网络设备发送的指示信息，所述指示信息用于指示终端按照两步随机接入流程或者四步随机接入流程进行随机接入；或者接收网络设备发送的随机接入配置信息，所述随机接入配置信息包括：终端进行两步随机接入流程的参数的门限。
其中，所述门限包括：终端与网络设备的距离、参考信号接收功率RSRP、参考信号接收质量RSRQ、信号噪声干扰比SINR、接收信号强度指示RSSI、先听后发LBT成功率、先听后发LBT失败率、信道占用率门限中的至少一个。
本公开的实施例还提供一种网络设备，包括：
收发机，用于向终端发送两步随机接入流程或者四步随机接入流程的随机接入条件；使所述终端按照所述两步随机接入流程的随机接入条件进行两步随机接入流程；按照所述四步随机接入流程的随机接入条件进行四步随机接入流程。
其中，所述收发机具体用于：向终端发送指示信息，所述指示信息用于指示终端按照两步随机接入流程或者四步随机接入流程进行随机接入；或者向终端发送随机接入配置信息，所述随机接入配置信息包括：终端进行两步随机接入流程的参数的门限。
本公开的实施例还提供一种通信设备，包括：处理器、存储有计算机程序的存储器，所述计算机程序被处理器运行时，执行如上所述的方法。
本公开的实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，包括指令，当所述指令在计算机运行时，使得计算机执行如上所述的方法。
本公开的上述方案至少包括以下有益效果：
本公开的上述方案，通过接收网络设备发送的两步随机接入流程或者四步随机接入流程的随机接入条件；在所述随机接入条件满足两步随机接入流程的接入条件时，按照所述两步随机接入流程进行随机接入；在所述随机接入条件满足四步随机接入流程的接入条件时，按照所述四步随机接入流程进行随机接入。使得终端可以发起两步RACH或者由两步RACH切换到四步RACH。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本公开实施例的技术方案，下面将对本公开实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本公开的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为四步随机接入流程；
图2为两步随机接入流程；
图3为本公开的终端侧的随机接入方法流程示意图；
图4为本公开的终端的架构示意图；
图5为本公开的网络设备的架构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将参照附图更详细地描述本公开的示例性实施例。虽然附图中显示了本公开的示例性实施例，然而应当理解，可以以各种形式实现本公开而不应被这里阐述的实施例所限制。相反，提供这些实施例是为了能够更透彻地理解本公开，并且能够将本公开的范围完整的传达给本领域的技术人员。
随机接入机制中，两步和四步RACH都可能包括CBRA和CFRA，即共有两步CBRA，两步CFRA，四步CBRA，四步CFRA四种随机接入机制，其中4步CFRA可以指相关技术中的CFRA机制。
如图3所示，本公开的实施例提供一种随机接入方法，应用于终端，所述方法包括：
步骤31，接收网络设备发送的两步随机接入流程或者四步随机接入流程的随机接入条件；
步骤32，在所述随机接入条件满足两步随机接入流程的接入条件时，按照所述两步随机接入流程进行随机接入；在所述随机接入条件满足四步随机接入流程的接入条件时，按照所述四步随机接入流程进行随机接入。
其中，该步骤31具体包括：步骤311，接收网络设备发送的指示信息，所述指示信息用于指示终端按照两步随机接入流程或者四步随机接入流程进行随机接入；该步骤311中，可以通过切换命令或者无线资源控制RRC重配置命令或媒体接入控制MAC消息，接收所述网络设备发送的所述指示信息，比如RRC(无线资源控制)信令，指示信息可以用比特位表示；比如，1表示指示终端按照两步随机接入流程进行随机接入，0表示指示终端按照四步随机接入流程进行随机接入；
相应地，上述步骤32中，在所述随机接入条件满足两步随机接入流程的接入条件时，按照所述两步随机接入流程进行随机接入，包括：
在所述指示信息指示终端按照两步随机接入流程接入时，所述终端按照所述两步随机接入流程进行随机接入。
本公开的一具体实施例中，该步骤31也可以具体包括：
步骤312，接收网络设备发送的随机接入配置信息，所述随机接入配置信息包括：终端进行两步随机接入流程的参数的门限。其中，所述门限包括：终端与网络设备的距离、干扰参数、先听后发LBT成功率、先听后发LBT失败率、信道占用率门限中的至少一个。该步骤312中，可以通过切换命令或者无线资源控制RRC重配置命令接收所述随机接入配置信息；当然也可以通过SIB(System Information Blocks，系统信息块)广播所述随机接入配置信息。
终端与网络设备干扰参数如RSSI(Received Signal Strength Indication，接收信号强度指示)，RSRP(Reference Signal Receiving Power，参考信号接收功率)或RSRQ(Reference Signal Receiving Quality，参考信号接收质量)或SINR(Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio，信号噪声干扰比)。
相应地，上述步骤32中，在所述随机接入条件满足两步随机接入流程的接入条件时，按照所述两步随机接入流程进行随机接入，包括：
在所述终端测量的进行随机接入的参数满足所述两步随机接入流程的参数的门限时，按照所述两步随机接入流程进行随机接入。
本公开的一具体实施例中，上述步骤32中，在所述随机接入条件满足四步随机接入流程的接入条件时，按照所述四步随机接入流程进行随机接入，包括：在两步随机接入流程不成功时，按照所述四步随机接入流程进行随机接入。
具体来说，所述终端进行所述两步随机接入流程中发送随机接入请求后到达一预设时间段，没有收到所述网络设备反馈随机接入响应或没有完成两步随机接入过程时，按照所述四步随机接入流程进行随机接入；或者，
所述终端进行所述两步随机接入流程中发送的随机接入请求消息的次数到达一预设次数，没有收到所述网络设备反馈随机接入响应或没有完成两步随机接入过程时，按照所述四步随机接入流程进行随机接入。
本公开的一具体实施例中，上述步骤32中，在两步随机接入流程不成功时，按照所述四步随机接入流程进行随机接入，还可以包括：
所述终端进行所述两步随机接入流程中发送随机接入请求后，若收到所述网络设备反馈的随机接入响应，且所述随机接入响应的内容与所述随机接入请求期待的指示成功的内容不匹配或不相符或所述随机接入响应不是发给 所述终端或指示终端进行四步随机接入时，按照所述四步随机接入流程进行随机接入。
其中，按照所述四步随机接入流程进行随机接入，包括：
若所述随机接入响应中第一消息内容与四步随机接入流程的随机接入响应消息相同，第二消息内容与四步随机接入流程的竞争解决消息不同，则所述终端进行所述四步随机接入流程中Msg3或无线资源控制RRC建立请求或无线资源控制RRC连接建立请求或调度传输消息的发送，并接收所述网络设备反馈的竞争解决消息；
若所述随机接入响应中第一消息内容与四步随机接入流程的随机接入响应消息不同，则所述终端进行所述四步随机接入流程中随机接入请求消息的发送，并接收所述网络设备反馈的随机接入响应消息，并向所述网络设备发送调度传输消息，并接收所述网络设备反馈的竞争解决消息；
其中，所述第一消息可以包括时间提前量命令(Timing Advance Command)，上行调度授权(UL grant)，小区无线网络标识(Cell-Radio Network Temporary Identifier，C-RNTI)或临时小区无线网络标识(Temporary C-RNTI，T-CRNTI)中的部分或全部；第二消息可以包括随机接入前导码标识(Random Access Preamble ID，RAPID)。
本公开的上述实施例中，由于两步RACH发MSGA(随机接入请求)时没有获得TA(Tracking Area，跟踪区)和UL GRANT(上行链路授权)信息，因此两步RACH适用于终端距离基站较近的场景；
因此基站可能给终端配置一个能反映距离和/或干扰参数，干扰参数如RSSI，RSRP或RSRQ或SINR的门限；
由于MSGA需要发送的数据量比原来MSG1更多，因此能进行2步RACH的条件之一是终端的信道占用时间较长，因此基站给UE配置的另一个门限为：UE监测到的LBT成功率或失败率或信道占用率(channel occupancy,RSSI值高于阈值的测量样本的百分比)门限；
终端根据自己的情况判断应该发起两步还是四步RACH：
终端根据基站的指示，如基站指示本小区支持2步RACH，则UE先发起2步RACH；或UE自己的测量结果和上述门限的对比，判断应该发起两 步还是4步的随机接入。
特别地，上述门限可以分别使用或联合使用，如同时满足RSRP高于一定门限且信道占用率到达一定门限，UE才能发起两步的RACH。
当两步RACH不成功时，UE回退到四步RACH：
若当终端到达一定的时间(基站配置或协议规定的Timer)或UE发送的MSGA到达一定次数(基站配置或协议规定的Counter)，没有收到基站的反馈或没有完成2步随机接入过程，则UE按照4步RACH的操作发送preamble(前导码)；
若UE收到基站的反馈信息(随机接入响应)，但收到的随机接入响应的内容与期待的MSG B不符，比如，收到的不是针对自己的MSG B，则UE理解接下来应该发送MSG3(若基站反馈内容与MSG2同)或者发送MSG1(若基站反馈内容与MSG2不同)。这里的两步随机接入流程的MSGB相当于四步随机接入流程中的MSG 2和MSG 4；
本公开的上述实施例适用于非连接态的终端进行初始随机接入的场景，也适用于连接态的终端进行小区切换、SCell(辅小区)添加、Beam failure recovery(波束失败恢复)、重建等场景，在上述场景下，基站可通过切换命令、RRC重配置等命令指示UE：当发生上述场景的基于竞争的RACH时，UE应该发起两步RACH还是四步RACH。使得终端可以发起两步RACH或者由两步RACH切换到四步RACH。
本公开的实施例还提供一种随机接入方法，应用于网络设备，所述方法包括：步骤41，向终端发送两步随机接入流程或者四步随机接入流程的随机接入条件；使所述终端按照所述两步随机接入流程的随机接入条件进行两步随机接入流程；按照所述四步随机接入流程的随机接入条件进行四步随机接入流程。
其中，步骤41具体可以包括：
步骤411，向终端发送指示信息，所述指示信息用于指示终端按照两步随机接入流程或者四步随机接入流程进行随机接入；或者
步骤412，向终端发送随机接入配置信息，所述随机接入配置信息包括：终端进行两步随机接入流程的参数的门限。
具体地，可以通过切换命令或者无线资源控制RRC重配置命令，向终端发送的所述指示信息或者所述随机接入配置信息。
如图4所示，本公开的实施例还提供一种终端，包括：
收发机41，用于接收网络设备发送的两步随机接入流程或者四步随机接入流程的随机接入条件；
处理器42，用于在所述随机接入条件满足两步随机接入流程的接入条件时，按照所述两步随机接入流程进行随机接入；在所述随机接入条件满足四步随机接入流程的接入条件时，按照所述四步随机接入流程进行随机接入。
其中，所述收发机具体用于：接收网络设备发送的指示信息，所述指示信息用于指示终端按照两步随机接入流程或者四步随机接入流程进行随机接入；或者接收网络设备发送的随机接入配置信息，所述随机接入配置信息包括：终端进行两步随机接入流程的参数的门限。
其中，所述门限包括：终端与网络设备的距离、参考信号接收功率RSRP、参考信号接收质量RSRQ、信号噪声干扰比SINR、接收信号强度指示RSSI、先听后发LBT成功率、先听后发LBT失败率、信道占用率门限中的至少一个。
需要说明的是，该终端是与上述图3所示方法对应的网络设备，上述方法实施例中所有实现方式均适用于该终端的实施例中，也能达到相同的技术效果。
该终端还可以进一步包括：存储器43，收发机41与处理器42，以及，收发机机41与存储器43之间，均可以通过总线接口连接，收发机41的功能可以由处理器42实现，处理器42的功能也可以由收发机41实现。
如图5所示，本公开的实施例还提供一种网络设备，包括：
收发机51，用于向终端发送两步随机接入流程或者四步随机接入流程的随机接入条件；使所述终端按照所述两步随机接入流程的随机接入条件进行两步随机接入流程；按照所述四步随机接入流程的随机接入条件进行四步随机接入流程。
其中，所述收发机51具体用于：向终端发送指示信息，所述指示信息用于指示终端按照两步随机接入流程或者四步随机接入流程进行随机接入；或 者向终端发送随机接入配置信息，所述随机接入配置信息包括：终端进行两步随机接入流程的参数的门限。
需要说明的是，上述网络设备侧的方法实施例中所有实现方式均适用于该网络设备的实施例中，也能达到相同的技术效果。
该网络设备还可以进一步包括：处理器52、存储器53，收发机51与处理器52，以及，收发机机51与存储器53之间，均可以通过总线接口连接，收发机51的功能可以由处理器52实现，处理器52的功能也可以由收发机51实现。
本公开的实施例还提供一种通信设备，包括：处理器、存储有计算机程序的存储器，所述计算机程序被处理器运行时，执行如上所述的方法。具体地，该通信设备为终端时，执行如上述图3所示终端侧的方法，该通信设备为网络设备时，执行如上述网络设备侧的方法。在上述方法中的所有实施例也同样适用于该通信设备的实施例中，也能达到相同的技术效果。
本公开的实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，包括指令，当所述指令在计算机运行时，使得计算机执行如上所述的方法。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，能够以电子硬件、或者计算机软件和电子硬件的结合来实现。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本公开的范围。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的系统、装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
在本公开所提供的实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接， 可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本公开各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。
所述功能如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本公开的技术方案本质上或者说对相关技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本公开各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、ROM、RAM、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
此外，需要指出的是，在本公开的装置和方法中，显然，各部件或各步骤是可以分解和/或重新组合的。这些分解和/或重新组合应视为本公开的等效方案。并且，执行上述系列处理的步骤可以自然地按照说明的顺序按时间顺序执行，但是并不需要一定按照时间顺序执行，某些步骤可以并行或彼此独立地执行。对本领域的普通技术人员而言，能够理解本公开的方法和装置的全部或者任何步骤或者部件，可以在任何计算装置(包括处理器、存储介质等)或者计算装置的网络中，以硬件、固件、软件或者它们的组合加以实现，这是本领域普通技术人员在阅读了本公开的说明的情况下运用他们的基本编程技能就能实现的。
因此，本公开的目的还可以通过在任何计算装置上运行一个程序或者一组程序来实现。所述计算装置可以是公知的通用装置。因此，本公开的目的也可以仅仅通过提供包含实现所述方法或者装置的程序代码的程序产品来实现。也就是说，这样的程序产品也构成本公开，并且存储有这样的程序产 品的存储介质也构成本公开。显然，所述存储介质可以是任何公知的存储介质或者将来所开发出来的任何存储介质。还需要指出的是，在本公开的装置和方法中，显然，各部件或各步骤是可以分解和/或重新组合的。这些分解和/或重新组合应视为本公开的等效方案。并且，执行上述系列处理的步骤可以自然地按照说明的顺序按时间顺序执行，但是并不需要一定按照时间顺序执行。某些步骤可以并行或彼此独立地执行。
可以理解的是，本公开实施例描述的这些实施例可以用硬件、软件、固件、中间件、微码或其组合来实现。对于硬件实现，处理单元可以实现在一个或多个专用集成电路(Application Specific Integrated Circuits，ASIC)、数字信号处理器(Digital Signal Processing，DSP)、数字信号处理设备(DSP Device，DSPD)、可编程逻辑设备(Programmable Logic Device，PLD)、现场可编程门阵列(Field-Programmable Gate Array，FPGA)、通用处理器、控制器、微控制器、微处理器、用于执行本公开所述功能的其它电子单元或其组合中。
对于软件实现，可通过执行本公开实施例所述功能的模块(例如过程、函数等)来实现本公开实施例所述的技术。软件代码可存储在存储器中并通过处理器执行。存储器可以在处理器中或在处理器外部实现。
以上所述是本公开的可选的实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本公开所述原理的前提下，还可以作出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本公开的保护范围。

Claims (23)

  1. 一种随机接入方法，应用于终端，包括：
    接收网络设备发送的两步随机接入流程或者四步随机接入流程的随机接入条件；
    在所述随机接入条件满足两步随机接入流程的接入条件时，按照所述两步随机接入流程进行随机接入；
    在所述随机接入条件满足四步随机接入流程的接入条件时，按照所述四步随机接入流程进行随机接入。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的随机接入方法，其中，接收网络设备发送的两步随机接入流程或者四步随机接入流程的随机接入条件，包括：
    接收网络设备发送的指示信息，所述指示信息用于指示终端按照两步随机接入流程或者四步随机接入流程进行随机接入；或者
    接收网络设备发送的随机接入配置信息，所述随机接入配置信息包括：终端进行两步随机接入流程的参数的门限。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的随机接入方法，其中，所述门限包括：终端与网络设备的距离、参考信号接收功率RSRP、参考信号接收质量RSRQ、信号噪声干扰比SINR、接收信号强度指示RSSI、先听后发LBT成功率、先听后发LBT失败率、信道占用率门限中的至少一个。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的随机接入方法，其中，在所述随机接入条件满足两步随机接入流程的接入条件时，按照所述两步随机接入流程进行随机接入，包括：
    在所述指示信息指示终端按照两步随机接入流程接入时，所述终端按照所述两步随机接入流程进行随机接入。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的随机接入方法，其中，在所述随机接入条件满足两步随机接入流程的接入条件时，按照所述两步随机接入流程进行随机接入，包括：
    在所述终端测量的进行随机接入的参数满足所述两步随机接入流程的参数的门限时，按照所述两步随机接入流程进行随机接入。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的随机接入方法，其中，在所述随机接入条件满足四步随机接入流程的接入条件时，按照所述四步随机接入流程进行随机接入包括：
    在两步随机接入流程不成功时，按照所述四步随机接入流程进行随机接入。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的随机接入方法，其中，在两步随机接入流程不成功时，按照所述四步随机接入流程进行随机接入，包括：
    所述终端进行所述两步随机接入流程中发送随机接入请求后到达一预设时间段，没有收到所述网络设备反馈随机接入响应或没有完成两步随机接入过程时，按照所述四步随机接入流程进行随机接入；或者，
    所述终端进行所述两步随机接入流程中发送的随机接入请求消息的次数到达一预设次数，没有收到所述网络设备反馈随机接入响应或没有完成两步随机接入过程时，按照所述四步随机接入流程进行随机接入。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的随机接入方法，其中，所述按照所述四步随机接入流程进行随机接入还包括，按照所述四步随机接入流程发送preamble以进行随机接入。
  9. 根据权利要求6所述的随机接入方法，其中，在两步随机接入流程不成功时，按照所述四步随机接入流程进行随机接入，包括：
    所述终端进行所述两步随机接入流程中发送随机接入请求后，若收到所述网络设备反馈的随机接入响应，且所述随机接入响应的内容与所述随机接入请求期待的指示成功的内容不匹配或不相符或所述随机接入响应不是发给所述终端或指示终端进行四步随机接入时，按照所述四步随机接入流程进行随机接入。
  10. 根据权利要求6或9所述的随机接入方法，其中，按照所述四步随机接入流程进行随机接入，包括：
    若所述随机接入响应中第一消息内容或字段与四步随机接入流程的随机接入响应消息相同，第二消息内容与四步随机接入流程的竞争解决消息不同，则所述终端进行所述四步随机接入流程中MSG3或无线资源控制RRC建立请求或无线资源控制RRC连接建立请求或调度传输消息的发送。
  11. 根据权利要求6或9所述的随机接入方法，其中，按照所述四步随机接入流程进行随机接入，包括：
    若所述随机接入响应中第一消息内容或字段与四步随机接入流程的随机接入响应消息不同，则所述终端进行所述四步随机接入流程中随机接入请求消息的发送。
  12. 根据权利要求2所述的随机接入方法，其中，所述通过切换命令或者无线资源控制RRC重配置命令或媒体接入控制MAC消息，接收所述网络设备发送的所述指示信息或者所述随机接入配置信息。
  13. 一种随机接入方法，应用于网络设备，包括：
    向终端发送两步随机接入流程或者四步随机接入流程的随机接入条件；使所述终端按照所述两步随机接入流程的随机接入条件进行两步随机接入流程；按照所述四步随机接入流程的随机接入条件进行四步随机接入流程。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的随机接入方法，其中，向终端发送两步随机接入流程或者四步随机接入流程的随机接入条件，包括：
    向终端发送指示信息，所述指示信息用于指示终端按照两步随机接入流程或者四步随机接入流程进行随机接入；或者
    向终端发送随机接入配置信息，所述随机接入配置信息包括：终端进行两步随机接入流程的参数的门限。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的随机接入方法，其中，通过切换命令或者无线资源控制RRC重配置命令或媒体接入控制MAC消息，向终端发送的所述指示信息或者所述随机接入配置信息。
  16. 根据权利要求13所述的随机接入方法，还包括：向终端发送尝试两步随机接入的时间长度或次数门限，其中，
    所述终端进行所述两步随机接入流程中发送随机接入请求后到达所述时间长度门限，没有收到所述网络设备反馈随机接入响应或没有完成两步随机接入过程时，按照所述四步随机接入流程进行随机接入；或者，
    所述终端进行所述两步随机接入流程中发送的随机接入请求消息的次数到达所述次数门限，没有收到所述网络设备反馈随机接入响应或没有完成两步随机接入过程时，按照所述四步随机接入流程进行随机接入。
  17. 一种终端，包括：
    收发机，用于接收网络设备发送的两步随机接入流程或者四步随机接入流程的随机接入条件；
    处理器，用于在所述随机接入条件满足两步随机接入流程的接入条件时，按照所述两步随机接入流程进行随机接入；在所述随机接入条件满足四步随机接入流程的接入条件时，按照所述四步随机接入流程进行随机接入。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的终端，其中，所述收发机具体用于：接收网络设备发送的指示信息，所述指示信息用于指示终端按照两步随机接入流程或者四步随机接入流程进行随机接入；或者接收网络设备发送的随机接入配置信息，所述随机接入配置信息包括：终端进行两步随机接入流程的参数的门限。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的终端，其中，所述门限包括：终端与网络设备的距离、参考信号接收功率RSRP、参考信号接收质量RSRQ、信号噪声干扰比SINR、接收信号强度指示RSSI、先听后发LBT成功率、先听后发LBT失败率、信道占用率门限中的至少一个。
  20. 一种网络设备，包括：
    收发机，用于向终端发送两步随机接入流程或者四步随机接入流程的随机接入条件；使所述终端按照所述两步随机接入流程的随机接入条件进行两步随机接入流程；按照所述四步随机接入流程的随机接入条件进行四步随机接入流程。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的网络设备，其中，所述收发机具体用于：向终端发送指示信息，所述指示信息用于指示终端按照两步随机接入流程或者四步随机接入流程进行随机接入；或者向终端发送随机接入配置信息，所述随机接入配置信息包括：终端进行两步随机接入流程的参数的门限。
  22. 一种通信设备，包括：处理器、存储有计算机程序的存储器，所述计算机程序被处理器运行时，执行如权利要求1至12任一项所述的方法或者13至16任一项所述的方法。
  23. 一种计算机可读存储介质，包括指令，当所述指令在计算机运行时，使得计算机执行如权利要求1至12任一项所述的方法或者13至16任一项所 述的方法。
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