WO2020108384A1 - 随机接入的方法和设备 - Google Patents

随机接入的方法和设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020108384A1
WO2020108384A1 PCT/CN2019/120034 CN2019120034W WO2020108384A1 WO 2020108384 A1 WO2020108384 A1 WO 2020108384A1 CN 2019120034 W CN2019120034 W CN 2019120034W WO 2020108384 A1 WO2020108384 A1 WO 2020108384A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
random access
message
terminal device
step random
access process
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/120034
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
徐伟杰
贺传峰
徐婧
石聪
吴作敏
Original Assignee
Oppo广东移动通信有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to CA3120900A priority Critical patent/CA3120900A1/en
Priority to JP2021529347A priority patent/JP7182002B2/ja
Priority to EP19888293.8A priority patent/EP3873162B1/en
Priority to MX2021006264A priority patent/MX2021006264A/es
Priority to BR112021010275-2A priority patent/BR112021010275A2/pt
Priority to AU2019386691A priority patent/AU2019386691B2/en
Application filed by Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 filed Critical Oppo广东移动通信有限公司
Priority to CN202110912430.0A priority patent/CN113490288B/zh
Priority to SG11202105543XA priority patent/SG11202105543XA/en
Priority to KR1020217016076A priority patent/KR102612875B1/ko
Priority to CN201980074706.3A priority patent/CN113016228A/zh
Publication of WO2020108384A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020108384A1/zh
Priority to US17/327,263 priority patent/US11399396B2/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
    • H04W74/0833—Random access procedures, e.g. with 4-step access
    • H04W74/0841—Random access procedures, e.g. with 4-step access with collision treatment
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/002—Transmission of channel access control information
    • H04W74/006—Transmission of channel access control information in the downlink, i.e. towards the terminal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04—TPC
    • H04W52/06—TPC algorithms
    • H04W52/14—Separate analysis of uplink or downlink
    • H04W52/146—Uplink power control
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04—TPC
    • H04W52/18—TPC being performed according to specific parameters
    • H04W52/22—TPC being performed according to specific parameters taking into account previous information or commands
    • H04W52/228—TPC being performed according to specific parameters taking into account previous information or commands using past power values or information
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04—TPC
    • H04W52/30—TPC using constraints in the total amount of available transmission power
    • H04W52/32—TPC of broadcast or control channels
    • H04W52/325—Power control of control or pilot channels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04—TPC
    • H04W52/30—TPC using constraints in the total amount of available transmission power
    • H04W52/36—TPC using constraints in the total amount of available transmission power with a discrete range or set of values, e.g. step size, ramping or offsets
    • H04W52/362—Aspects of the step size
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04—TPC
    • H04W52/38—TPC being performed in particular situations
    • H04W52/50—TPC being performed in particular situations at the moment of starting communication in a multiple access environment
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/002—Transmission of channel access control information
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
    • H04W74/0833—Random access procedures, e.g. with 4-step access
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present application relate to the field, and more specifically, to a random access method and device.
  • the random access (Random Access, RA) process of the 5G system or New Radio (NR) system allows 2-step random access (2-step RA).
  • 2-step random access process messages (Message, referred to as "Msg") 1 and Msg 3 in the 4-step random access (4-step RA) process can be sent as the first message, and Send Msg2 and Msg4 in the 4-step random access process as the second message.
  • Msg messages
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a method and a device for random access, which can effectively switch between a 2-step random access process and a 4-step random access process.
  • a random access method including: a terminal device sends a first message of the 2-step random access process in a 2-step random access process; if the 2-step random access When the number of transmissions of the first message of the process reaches the first threshold, the second message of the 2-step random access process has not been received, and the terminal device switches to the 4-step random access process.
  • a random access method which includes: a network device sending indication information, where the indication information is used to indicate a first threshold, and the first threshold is used by the terminal device to determine whether 2-step random access is provided The process switches to a 4-step random access process.
  • a terminal device which can execute the method in the first aspect or any optional implementation manner of the first aspect.
  • the terminal device may include a functional module for performing the method in the first aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first aspect.
  • a network device which can execute the method in the second aspect or any optional implementation manner of the second aspect.
  • the network device may include a functional module for performing the method in the second aspect or any possible implementation manner of the second aspect.
  • a terminal device including a processor and a memory.
  • the memory is used to store a computer program
  • the processor is used to call and run the computer program stored in the memory to execute the method in the first aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first aspect.
  • a network device including a processor and a memory.
  • the memory is used to store a computer program
  • the processor is used to call and run the computer program stored in the memory to execute the method in the second aspect or any possible implementation manner of the second aspect.
  • a chip for implementing the method in the first aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first aspect.
  • the chip includes a processor for calling and running a computer program from the memory, so that the device installed with the chip executes the method in the first aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first aspect.
  • a chip for implementing the method in the second aspect or any possible implementation manner of the second aspect.
  • the chip includes a processor for calling and running a computer program from the memory, so that the device installed with the chip executes the method in the second aspect or any possible implementation manner of the second aspect.
  • a computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program that causes a computer to execute the method in the first aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first aspect.
  • a computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program that causes a computer to execute the method in the second aspect or any possible implementation manner of the second aspect.
  • a computer program product including computer program instructions, which cause the computer to execute the method in the first aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first aspect.
  • a computer program product including computer program instructions, which cause the computer to execute the method in the second aspect or any possible implementation manner of the second aspect.
  • a computer program which when run on a computer, causes the computer to execute the method in the first aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first aspect.
  • a fourteenth aspect there is provided a computer program which, when run on a computer, causes the computer to execute the method in the second aspect or any possible implementation manner of the second aspect.
  • a communication system including terminal equipment and network equipment.
  • the terminal device is used to: in a 2-step random access process, send the first message of the 2-step random access process; if the number of times of sending the first message of the 2-step random access process reaches At a threshold, if the second message of the 2-step random access process has not been received, the system switches to the 4-step random access process.
  • the network device is used to send indication information, the indication information is used to indicate a first threshold, and the first threshold is used by the terminal device to determine whether to switch from the 2-step random access process to the 4-step random access process.
  • the terminal device switches to the 4-step random access process, Therefore, the terminal device is prevented from continuously initiating 2-step random access when the channel quality is poor or the interference is serious, so as to save unnecessary power consumption of the terminal device and reduce the impact on other users in the system.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a possible wireless communication system applied in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flow interaction diagram of 4-step random access.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic process interaction diagram of 2-step random access
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a random access method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic block diagram of a terminal device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a chip according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic block diagram of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • GSM Global System of Mobile
  • CDMA Code Division Multiple Access
  • WCDMA Broadband Code Division Multiple Access
  • GPRS General Packet Radio Service
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • FDD Frequency Division Duplex
  • TDD Time Division Duplex
  • LTE-A Advanced Long Term Evolution
  • NR New Radio
  • NR Universal Mobile Telecommunication System
  • WiMAX Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access
  • D2D Device to Device
  • M2M machine-to-machine
  • MTC machine type communication
  • V2V vehicle-to-vehicle
  • the communication system in the embodiments of the present application may be applied to scenarios such as carrier aggregation (CA), dual connectivity (DC), and standalone (SA) networking.
  • CA carrier aggregation
  • DC dual connectivity
  • SA standalone networking
  • the wireless communication system 100 may include a network device 110.
  • the network device 110 may be a device that communicates with a terminal device.
  • the network device 110 can provide communication coverage for a specific geographic area, and can communicate with terminal devices located within the coverage area.
  • the network device 100 may be a base station (Base Transceiver Station, BTS) in a GSM system or a CDMA system, a base station (NodeB, NB) in a WCDMA system, or an evolved base station in an LTE system (Evolutional Node B, eNB or eNodeB), or the network-side device in the NR system, or the wireless controller in the Cloud Radio Access Network (CRAN), or the network device can be a relay station, Incoming points, in-vehicle devices, wearable devices, network-side devices in next-generation networks, or network devices in future public land mobile networks (Public Land Mobile Network, PLMN), etc.
  • BTS Base Transceiver Station
  • NodeB, NB base station
  • LTE Long Term Evolutional Node B
  • eNB evolved Node B
  • eNodeB evolved base station
  • the network-side device in the NR system or the wireless controller in the Cloud Radio Access Network (CRAN)
  • the network device can be a relay
  • the wireless communication system 100 further includes at least one terminal device 120 located within the coverage of the network device 110.
  • the terminal device 120 may be mobile or fixed.
  • the terminal device 120 may refer to an access terminal, user equipment (User Equipment, UE), user unit, user station, mobile station, mobile station, remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, user terminal, terminal, wireless communication Device, user agent, or user device.
  • User Equipment User Equipment
  • Access terminals can be cellular phones, cordless phones, Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) phones, wireless local loop (Wireless Local Loop, WLL) stations, personal digital processing (Personal Digital Assistant (PDA), wireless communication Functional handheld devices, computing devices or other processing devices connected to wireless modems, in-vehicle devices, wearable devices, terminal devices in future 5G networks or terminal devices in future evolved PLMNs, etc.
  • SIP Session Initiation Protocol
  • WLL Wireless Local Loop
  • PDA Personal Digital Assistant
  • wireless communication Functional handheld devices computing devices or other processing devices connected to wireless modems
  • in-vehicle devices wearable devices
  • terminal devices in future 5G networks or terminal devices in future evolved PLMNs etc.
  • terminal direct connection Device to Device, D2D communication may also be performed between the terminal devices 120.
  • the network device 110 may provide services for the cell, and the terminal device 120 communicates with the network device 110 through the transmission resources (eg, frequency domain resources, or spectrum resources) used by the cell, and the cell may be the network device 110 (eg, base station)
  • the cell may belong to a macro base station, or a base station corresponding to a small cell (Small cell), where the small cell may include, for example, a metro cell, a micro cell, and a pico cell , Femtocells, etc.
  • Small cell Small cell
  • these small cells have the characteristics of small coverage and low transmission power, and are suitable for providing high-speed data transmission services.
  • FIG. 1 exemplarily shows one network device and two terminal devices.
  • the wireless communication system 100 may include multiple network devices and each network device may include other numbers of terminal devices within the coverage area. The application examples do not limit this.
  • the wireless communication system 100 may further include other network entities such as a network controller, a mobility management entity, etc., which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the terminal device After the cell search process, the terminal device has achieved downlink synchronization with the cell, so the terminal device can receive downlink data. However, the terminal device can perform uplink transmission only if it has achieved uplink synchronization with the cell.
  • the terminal device can establish a connection with the cell and obtain uplink synchronization through a random access procedure (Random Access Procedure, RAR). That is to say, through random access, the terminal device can obtain uplink synchronization, and obtain the unique identifier assigned to it by the network device, namely the Cell Radio Network Temporary Identity (C-RNTI). Therefore, random access can be applied not only in initial access, but also in the case where the user's uplink synchronization is lost. For ease of understanding, the random access process will be briefly described below with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3.
  • RAR Random Access Procedure
  • the random access process can usually be triggered by one of the following 6 types of trigger events:
  • the terminal device will enter the RRC connected state (RRC_CONNECTED) from the Radio Resource Control (RRC) idle state (RRC_IDLE state).
  • RRC Radio Resource Control
  • the terminal device When the terminal device needs to establish uplink synchronization with the new cell, it needs to initiate random access in the new cell.
  • the terminal equipment re-establishes a wireless connection after a radio link failure (Radio Link Failure, RLF).
  • RLF Radio Link Failure
  • the terminal device needs to reply (Acknowledgement, ACK) or negative response (Negative Acknowledgement, NACK).
  • the uplink is in the "out-of-sync" state or no physical uplink control channel (Physical Uplink Control Channel, PUCCH) resources are available for scheduling request (SR) transmission.
  • PUCCH Physical Uplink Control Channel
  • the terminal device may initiate a random access process; Access (Channel, RACH) to replace the role of SR, then when the uplink is in the "out of sync" state, the terminal device can initiate a random access process.
  • Access Channel, RACH
  • Timing Advance In the RRC connection state, in order to locate, it is necessary to obtain the timing advance (TAming Advance).
  • random access may also be triggered due to RRC active state (RRC_INACTIVE) transition, request for other system information (Other System Information), or beam failure recovery (beam failure recovery).
  • RRC_INACTIVE RRC active state
  • request for other system information Other System Information
  • beam failure recovery beam failure recovery
  • FIG. 2 is a flow interaction diagram of 4-step random access. As shown in Figure 2, the 4-step random access process may include the following four steps:
  • Step 1 The terminal device sends Msg1.
  • the terminal device sends Msg1 to the network device to tell the network device that the terminal device initiated a random access request.
  • the Msg1 carries a random access preamble (Random Access Preamble, RAP), or random access preamble, Preamble, preamble, etc.
  • RAP Random Access Preamble
  • Msg1 can also be used by the network device to estimate the transmission delay between it and the terminal device and to calibrate the uplink time.
  • Step 2 The network device sends Msg2.
  • the network device After receiving the Msg1 sent by the terminal device, the network device sends Msg2, a random access response (Random Access Response, RAR) message, to the terminal device.
  • the Msg 2 can be scrambled by a random access wireless network temporary identifier (Random Access Radio Network Temporary Identity, RA-RNTI).
  • RA-RNTI Random Access Radio Network Temporary Identity
  • the terminal device may monitor the PDCCH in a RAR window (RAR window) to receive the RAR message scrambled with the RA-RNTI (regardless of the measurement gap that may occur).
  • the terminal device may stop listening to the RAR message. Among them, the terminal device uses RA-RNTI to descramble the RAR message.
  • the RAR message may include corresponding messages for multiple terminal devices that send preambles, and the response message for each terminal device includes the index of the preamble used by the terminal device (RAPID), Msg 3 resource allocation Information, time advancement (TA) adjustment information, and temporary cell wireless network temporary identification (Temporary Cell-Radio Network Temporary Identity, TC-RNTI), etc.
  • RAPID index of the preamble used by the terminal device
  • Msg 3 resource allocation Information Msg 3 resource allocation Information
  • TA time advancement
  • TC-RNTI temporary cell wireless network temporary identification
  • the RAR message can be scheduled using a Download Control (Information, DCI) format (DCI) 1-0, and the PDCCH for scheduling the RAR message can be scrambled using the above-mentioned RA-RNTI.
  • DCI Download Control
  • Step 3 The terminal device sends Msg3.
  • the terminal device After receiving the RAR message, the terminal device determines whether the RAR is its own RAR message. For example, the terminal device can use the preamble identifier to check. After determining that it is its own RAR message, it generates Msg3 at the RRC layer and sends The network device sends Msg3. It needs to carry the identification information of the terminal device, etc.
  • the Msg3 sent by the terminal device in step 3 in the 4-step random access process may include different content.
  • Msg3 includes an RRC Connection Request message (RRC Connection Request) generated by the RRC layer, which carries at least the non-access Stratum (NAS) identification information of the terminal device.
  • RRC Connection Request RRC Connection Request
  • NAS non-access Stratum
  • Msg3 can also carry, for example, a Serving-Temporary Mobile Subscriber Identity (S-TMSI) or random number of the terminal device.
  • S-TMSI Serving-Temporary Mobile Subscriber Identity
  • Msg3 includes the RRC connection re-establishment request message (RRC Connection Re-establishment Request) generated by the RRC layer and does not carry any NAS message.
  • RRC Connection Re-establishment Request RRC Connection Re-establishment Request
  • Msg3 can also carry, for example, the Cell Radio Network Temporary Identifier (C-RNTI) and Protocol Control Information (Protocol Control Information, PCI).
  • C-RNTI Cell Radio Network Temporary Identifier
  • PCI Protocol Control Information
  • Msg3 includes an RRC handover confirmation message (RRC Handover Confirm) generated by the RRC layer, which carries the C-RNTI of the terminal device.
  • RRC Handover Confirm RRC handover confirmation message
  • Msg3 can also carry information such as Buffer Status Report (Buffer Status Report, BSR).
  • BSR Buffer Status Report
  • Msg3 needs to include at least the C-RNTI of the terminal device.
  • uplink transmission usually uses terminal device-specific information, such as C-RNTI to scramble data carried in an uplink shared channel (Uplink Shared Channel, UL-SCH). But at this time the conflict has not been resolved, so when scrambling Msg3, it cannot be based on C-RNTI, but can only use TC-RNTI.
  • C-RNTI Uplink Shared Channel
  • Step 4. The network device sends Msg4.
  • the network device sends Msg4 to the terminal device, and the terminal device correctly receives the Msg4 to complete Contention Resolution.
  • Msg 4 can carry the RRC connection establishment message.
  • the network device Since the terminal device in step 3 will carry its own unique identification in Msg3, such as C-RNTI or identification information from the core network (such as S-TMSI or a random number), the network device will Carry the unique identification of the terminal equipment in Msg4 to designate the terminal equipment that won the competition. However, other terminal devices that do not win the competition will re-initiate random access.
  • the PDCCH of Msg4 can be scrambled using TC-RNTI.
  • a 2-step random access method can also be used.
  • One possible method is to send the messages Msg1 and Msg3 in the 4-step random access process as the first message in the 2-step random access process; send the Msg2 and 4 in the 4-step random access process Msg4 is sent as the second message in the 2-step random access process.
  • the 2-step random access process may include the following two steps:
  • Step 1 The terminal device sends the first message.
  • the first message (tentatively referred to as "New Msg 1 (New_Msg 1)) may include a preamble and uplink data.
  • the uplink data may be carried on an uplink channel, and the uplink channel may be, for example, a physical uplink shared channel (Physical Uplink Shared Channel, PUSCH).
  • the uplink channel may carry identification information of the terminal device and the reason of the RRC request, for example.
  • This first message is similar to some or all of the information carried in Msg1 and Msg3 in the 4-step random access process.
  • Step 2 The network device sends a second message.
  • the network device If the network device successfully receives the first message sent by the terminal device, it sends a second message to the terminal device.
  • the second message (provisionally referred to as “New Msg 2 (New_Msg 2)) may include conflict resolution information, C-RNTI allocation information, TA adjustment information, etc., for example.
  • This second message is similar to some or all of the information carried in Msg 2 and Msg 4 in the 4-step random access process.
  • the second message carries conflict resolution information for a single terminal device (including information related to the terminal device identification sent by the terminal device in the first message), C-RNTI allocation information, TA adjustment information, etc.
  • the second message may also carry RRC resume messages and so on.
  • FIG. 2 or FIG. 3 is merely an example. Since the 2-step random access process has not yet entered the standardization stage, here is only introduced as an example in Figure 3, there are other possibilities for the definition of each random access message involved, and does not limit the 2-step random access Other definitions of each random access message in the process. The method described in the embodiment of the present application is applicable to all other 2-step random access processes.
  • the new Msg1 sent in the 2-step random access process usually includes the preamble and the content carried in the upstream data part, such as Msg3 in the 4-step random access process, to shorten the delay of random access.
  • the network device may not detect the new Msg1 sent by the terminal device.
  • the terminal device blindly repeats
  • the development of new Msg1 is inefficient for terminal equipment and network equipment.
  • every time a new Msg1 is sent means that the preamble and data part are sent at the same time. Compared with Msg1 in the 4-step random access process, the terminal device sends the first Msg in the 2-step random access process.
  • the power consumed by a message is much greater than the power used to send only the preamble.
  • the simultaneous transmission of the preamble and the data portion means increased air interface interference, which can cause interference to the transmission of new Msg1 from other terminal equipment.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide a random access method, which can effectively switch between a 2-step random access process and a 4-step random access process.
  • the first message and the second message in the 2-step random access process are also called “new Msg 1 (New_Msg 1)" and “new Msg 2 (New_Msg 2)", respectively.
  • the first message to the fourth message in the random access process are also called “Msg1, Msg2, Msg3 and Msg4" respectively.
  • the new Msg1 may include some or all of the information carried in Msg1 and Msg3.
  • the new Msg 2 can include some or all of the information carried in Msg 2 and Msg 4.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a random access method 400 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the method described in FIG. 4 may be performed by a communication device.
  • the communication device may be, for example, a terminal device or a network device.
  • the terminal device may be, for example, the terminal device 120 shown in FIG. 1, and the network device may be, for example, the device shown in FIG. ⁇ 110 ⁇ 110 network equipment shown.
  • the random access method 400 may include some or all of the following steps. among them:
  • the terminal device sends the first message of the 2-step random access process (denoted as MsgA).
  • the terminal switches to a 4-step random access process.
  • the first message of the 2-step random access process may include, for example, a preamble and/or data channel. It is equivalent to some or all of the information in Msg1 and Msg3 in the 4-step random access process.
  • the second message of the 2-step random access process includes, for example, a random access response RAR message and/or a conflict resolution message. It is equivalent to part or all of the information in Msg 2 and Msg 4 in the 4-step random access process.
  • the terminal device needs to repeatedly try to send the first message of the 2-step random access process to access the network device as soon as possible.
  • the network device may never be able to The first message was detected.
  • the first message of the 2-step random access process carries more information, so the terminal device continuously sends the first message of the 2-step random access process, which not only increases In addition to its own power consumption, it may also interfere with the access process of other terminal devices.
  • the terminal device switches to 4-step random access In order to avoid the terminal device continuously initiating 2-step random access when the channel quality is poor or the interference is serious, to save unnecessary power consumption of the terminal device and reduce the impact on other users in the system.
  • the network device may send indication information to the terminal device, where the indication information is used to indicate the first threshold.
  • the terminal device receives the indication information sent by the network device, and determines the first threshold according to the indication information.
  • the indication information is carried in, for example, Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling or broadcast messages.
  • RRC Radio Resource Control
  • the terminal device obtains the first threshold pre-stored in the terminal device, for example, the first threshold value is agreed by the protocol.
  • the first threshold is a positive integer.
  • the terminal device may record the number of times it sends the first message in the 2-step random access process through a counter, for example. When the value recorded by the counter reaches the first threshold, the terminal device switches to a 4-step random access process and resets the counter to zero.
  • the method further includes: the terminal device determines the first power; the terminal device uses the first power to send the first in the 4-step random access message Message (Msg1).
  • Msg1 4-step random access message Message
  • the terminal device determining the first power includes: the terminal device determining the first power according to the transmission power of the first message of the 2-step random access process.
  • the terminal device may use the average power used for sending the first message N times in the 2-step random access process as the first power, and N may be less than or equal to the first threshold.
  • the terminal device may determine the first power according to the transmission power used to send the first message for the last time in the 2-step random access process.
  • the transmission power used for the first transmission of Msg1 in the 4-step random access process can be sent according to the last time in the 2-step random access process.
  • the transmission power used by the message is determined.
  • the terminal device may use the transmission power used for the last time to send the first message in the 2-step random access process as the first power.
  • the terminal device may increase or add ⁇ P to the transmission power used for the last time to send the first message in the 2-step random access process to obtain the first power.
  • ⁇ P can be determined by the network device and notified to the terminal device, or it can be agreed in the protocol.
  • the value of ⁇ P can be determined by the following methods.
  • the terminal device may determine ⁇ P according to the power control parameters in the 2-step random access process and/or the 4-step random access process.
  • the power control parameters in the 2-step random access process include, for example, the preamble of the physical random access channel (Physical Random Access Channel, PRACH) in the first message (MsgA) in the 2-step random access process Power control parameters related to the format (preamble), which will be referred to as DELTA_PREAMBLE_2stepRACH below; and/or, the target expected received power of the preamble in the first message (MsgA) in the 2-step random access process , which will be referred to as preambleReceivedTargetPower_2stepRACH below.
  • PRACH Physical Random Access Channel
  • the power control parameters in the 4-step random access process include, for example: power control parameters related to the preamble format of PRACH in the first message (Msg 1) in the 4-step random access process, which will be hereinafter referred to as DELTA_PREAMBLE_4stepRACH; and/or, the target expected received power of the preamble in the first message (Msg1) in the 4-step random access process, which will be referred to as preambleReceivedTargetPower_4stepRACH in the following.
  • DELTA_PREAMBLE_2stepRACH and DELTA_PREAMBLE_4stepRACH can be obtained by looking up the table.
  • the network device configures the preamble format to obtain the two-step random access process and the four-step random access process.
  • the terminal device can query the value of DELTA_PREAMBLE corresponding to the preamble format used according to the table, such as Table 1 and Table 2 below .
  • Table 1 is the correspondence between the long preamble format and the value of DELTA_PREAMBLE
  • Table 2 is the correspondence between the short preamble format and the value of DELTA_PREAMBLE.
  • Preamble format The value of DELTA_PREAMBLE (dB) 0 0dB 1 -3dB 2 -6dB 3 0dB
  • Preamble format The value of DELTA_PREAMBLE (dB) A1 8+3 ⁇ A2 5+3 ⁇ A3 3+3 ⁇ B1 8+3 ⁇ B2 5+3 ⁇ B3 3+3 ⁇ B4 3 ⁇ C0 11+3 ⁇ C2 5+3 ⁇
  • ⁇ is the subcarrier interval of the preamble of Msg1 in the 4-step random access process or the subcarrier interval of the preamble of the PRACH channel in MsgA in the 2-step random access process.
  • the network device may configure the preamble format and subcarrier interval of the preamble in the 2-step random access process and the 4-step random access process for the terminal device through high-level signaling, such as broadcast or RRC dedicated signaling.
  • high-level signaling such as broadcast or RRC dedicated signaling.
  • the network device may notify the terminal device of the target desired received power through high-level signaling, for example, through broadcast or RRC dedicated signaling.
  • the network device can notify the terminal device of the value of preambleReceivedTargetPower_2stepRACH and the value of preambleReceivedTargetPower_4stepRACH; alternatively, the network device can only notify the terminal device of the value of preambleReceivedTargetPower_4stepRACH, and the value of preambleReceivedTargetPower_2stepRACH follows the value of preambleReceivedTargetPower_4stepRACH;
  • the terminal device may only be notified of the value of preambleReceivedTargetPower_2stepRACH, and the value of preambleReceivedTargetPower_4stepRACH follows the value of preambleReceivedTargetPower_2stepRACH.
  • the terminal device After the terminal device obtains the power control parameter, it can determine ⁇ P based on the power control parameter. Wherein, the terminal device may determine ⁇ P according to at least one power control parameter in the aforementioned DELTA_PREAMBLE_2stepRACH, DELTA_PREAMBLE_4stepRACH, preambleReceivedTargetPower_2stepRACH, and preambleReceivedTargetPower_4stepRACH.
  • ⁇ P DELTA_PREAMBLE_4stepRACH-DELTA_PREAMBLE_2stepRACH.
  • ⁇ P DELTA_PREAMBLE_2stepRACH-DELTA_PREAMBLE_4stepRACH.
  • ⁇ P preambleReceivedTargetPower_4stepRACH-preambleReceivedTargetPower_2stepRACH.
  • ⁇ P preambleReceivedTargetPower_2stepRACH-preambleReceivedTargetPower_4stepRACH.
  • ⁇ P preambleReceivedTargetPower_4stepRACH-preambleReceivedTargetPower_2stepRACH+DELTA_PREAMBLE_4stepRACH-DELTA_PREAMBLE_2stepRACH.
  • ⁇ P preambleReceivedTargetPower_2stepRACH-preambleReceivedTargetPower_4stepRACH+DELTA_PREAMBLE_2stepRACH-DELTA_PREAMBLE_4stepRACH.
  • ⁇ P ⁇ P1.
  • ⁇ P1 is the increased transmission power relative to the last time the first message is sent each time the first message is sent in the 4-step random access process.
  • the terminal device needs to increase the ⁇ P1 on the basis of the transmission power used by the last transmission of Msg1 every time it sends Msg1 to improve the transmission of Msg1 Success rate. That is, the power used by the current transmission Msg1 is greater than the power used by the previous transmission Msg1 by ⁇ P1.
  • ⁇ P ⁇ P2.
  • ⁇ P2 is the increased transmission power relative to the last time the first message is sent each time the first message is sent in the 2-step random access process.
  • the transmission power used by the terminal device to send the first message each time needs to be increased by ⁇ P2 on the basis of the transmission power used by the last time the first message was sent. Increase the success rate of sending the first message. That is, the transmission power of the first message sent by the terminal device at the i+1th time is greater than the transmission power of the first message sent by the i-th time by ⁇ P2, where 1 ⁇ i ⁇ N and N is equal to the first threshold.
  • the above three methods can be used alone to determine ⁇ P, or at least two of the above three methods can be used in combination to determine ⁇ P, which is not limited in this application.
  • ⁇ P preambleReceivedTargetPower_4stepRACH-preambleReceivedTargetPower_2stepRACH+
  • the aforementioned ⁇ P may be positive, negative, or zero.
  • the terminal device may use the transmission power used for the last time to send the first message in the 2-step random access process as the first power.
  • the success or failure of sending the first message may refer to whether the terminal device receives the second message in the 2-step random access process sent by the network device. After the terminal device sends the first message, if it receives the second message sent by the network device, it can be considered that the first message was successfully sent; after the terminal device sends the first message, if it has not been received within a certain period of time When the second message is sent to the network device, it can be considered that the sending of the first message has failed.
  • ⁇ P can also be other preset power values.
  • the transmission power of the first message of the 2-step random access process includes the transmission power of the preamble and/or the transmission power of the data channel.
  • ⁇ P when determining the first power, ⁇ P may be added to the transmission power of the preamble, or ⁇ P may be added to the transmission power of the data channel, or the preamble and the data channel may be added. Increase ⁇ P on the basis of the total transmission power.
  • the present application also provides a method for random access.
  • the method includes: a network device sends indication information to a terminal device, where the indication information is used to indicate a first threshold, and the first threshold is used by the terminal device to determine whether 2 Step random access process is switched to 4-step random access process.
  • the terminal device switches from the 2-step random access process to the 4-step random access process.
  • the indication information is carried in RRC signaling or broadcast messages.
  • the method further includes: the network device sends a ⁇ P to the terminal device, where the ⁇ P is used by the terminal device to determine the transmission power used to transmit Msg1 after switching to the 4-step random access process.
  • the terminal device may increase the transmission power used for the last time to send the first message in the 2-step random access process, increase ⁇ P to obtain the first power, and use the first power to send the first message in the 4-step random access process. a message.
  • ⁇ P may be equal to ⁇ P1 or ⁇ P2, for example, or may be other power values.
  • ⁇ P1 is the increased transmission power when sending the first message each time in the 4-step random access process relative to the last sending of the first message
  • ⁇ P2 is the first sending each time during the 2-step random access process The increased transmission power of the first message relative to the last message sent.
  • the method of the embodiment of the present application can be applied to each random access process rather than only the initial access process. Moreover, the method of the embodiment of the present application can be applied to a contention-based random access procedure (contention-based RACH) and a non-contention-based random access procedure (contention-free RACH).
  • contention-based RACH contention-based random access procedure
  • contention-free RACH non-contention-based random access procedure
  • the size of the sequence numbers of the above processes does not mean that the execution order is sequential, and the execution order of each process should be determined by its function and inherent logic, and should not correspond to the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application Constitute any limitation.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic block diagram of a terminal device 500 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the terminal device 500 includes a transceiver unit 510 and a processing unit 520. among them:
  • the transceiver unit 510 is used to send the first message of the 2-step random access process in the 2-step random access process;
  • the processing unit 520 is configured to switch to step 4 when the number of times of sending the first message of the 2-step random access process reaches the first threshold, but has not received the second message of the 2-step random access process Random access process.
  • the terminal device switches to the 4-step random access process, thereby avoiding the terminal
  • the device continues to initiate 2-step random access to save unnecessary power consumption of the terminal device and reduce the impact on other users in the system.
  • the first message of the 2-step random access process includes a preamble and/or data channel.
  • the second message of the 2-step random access process includes a random access response RAR message and/or a conflict resolution message.
  • the processing unit 520 is further configured to: control the transceiver unit 510 to receive indication information, where the indication information is used to indicate the first threshold; or, acquire the first pre-stored in the terminal device A threshold.
  • the indication information is carried in RRC signaling or broadcast messages.
  • the processing unit 520 is further used for: the terminal device to determine the first power; the transceiver unit 510 is also used for The first power is sent, and the first message in the 4-step random access message is sent.
  • the processing unit 520 is specifically configured to determine the first power according to the transmission power of the first message of the 2-step random access process.
  • the processing unit 520 is specifically configured to determine the first power according to the transmission power used to send the first message for the last time in the 2-step random access process.
  • the processing unit 520 is specifically configured to: increase the transmission power used for the last time to send the first message in the 2-step random access process to increase ⁇ P to obtain the first power.
  • the ⁇ P ⁇ P1
  • the ⁇ P1 is the increased transmission power relative to the last time the first message is sent each time the first message is sent in the 4-step random access process.
  • the ⁇ P ⁇ P2, where the ⁇ P2 is the increased transmission power relative to the last time the first message is sent each time the first message is sent in the 2-step random access process.
  • the transmission power of the first message of the 2-step random access process includes the transmission power of the preamble and/or the transmission power of the data channel.
  • terminal device 500 may perform the corresponding operation performed by the terminal device in the method 400 described above, and for the sake of brevity, details are not described herein again.
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides a network device, the network device includes a transceiving unit, the transceiving unit is configured to: send indication information, the indication information is used to indicate a first threshold, and the first threshold is used by the terminal device to determine whether Switch from the 2-step random access process to the 4-step random access process.
  • the indication information is carried in RRC signaling or broadcast messages.
  • the network device may perform the corresponding operations performed by the network device in the method of the embodiments of the present application, and for the sake of brevity, no further details are provided here.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device 600 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication device 600 shown in FIG. 6 includes a processor 610, and the processor 610 can call and run a computer program from the memory to implement the method in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the communication device 600 may further include a memory 620.
  • the processor 610 can call and run a computer program from the memory 620 to implement the method in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the memory 620 may be a separate device independent of the processor 610, or may be integrated in the processor 610.
  • the communication device 600 may further include a transceiver 630, and the processor 610 may control the transceiver 630 to communicate with other devices, specifically, may send information or data to other devices, or receive other Information or data sent by the device.
  • the transceiver 630 may include a transmitter and a receiver.
  • the transceiver 630 may further include antennas, and the number of antennas may be one or more.
  • the communication device 600 may specifically be a network device according to an embodiment of the present application, and the communication device 600 may implement the corresponding process implemented by the network device in each method of the embodiment of the present application. .
  • the communication device 600 may specifically be a terminal device according to an embodiment of the present application, and the communication device 600 may implement the corresponding process implemented by the terminal device in each method of the embodiment of the present application. .
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a chip according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the chip 700 shown in FIG. 7 includes a processor 710, and the processor 710 can call and run a computer program from the memory to implement the method in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the chip 700 may further include a memory 720.
  • the processor 710 can call and run a computer program from the memory 720 to implement the method in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the memory 720 may be a separate device independent of the processor 710, or may be integrated in the processor 710.
  • the chip 700 may further include an input interface 730.
  • the processor 710 can control the input interface 730 to communicate with other devices or chips. Specifically, it can obtain information or data sent by other devices or chips.
  • the chip 700 may further include an output interface 740.
  • the processor 710 can control the output interface 740 to communicate with other devices or chips. Specifically, it can output information or data to other devices or chips.
  • the chip may be applied to the network device in the embodiment of the present application, and the chip may implement the corresponding process implemented by the network device in each method of the embodiment of the present application.
  • the chip may be applied to the network device in the embodiment of the present application, and the chip may implement the corresponding process implemented by the network device in each method of the embodiment of the present application.
  • the chip can be applied to the terminal device in the embodiment of the present application, and the chip can implement the corresponding process implemented by the terminal device in each method of the embodiment of the present application.
  • the chip mentioned in the embodiments of the present application may also be referred to as a system-on-chip, a system chip, a chip system, or a system-on-chip chip.
  • the processor in the embodiment of the present application may be an integrated circuit chip, which has signal processing capabilities.
  • each step of the foregoing method embodiment may be completed by an integrated logic circuit of hardware in a processor or instructions in the form of software.
  • the above-mentioned processor may be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (Digital Signal Processor, DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC), an existing programmable gate array (Field Programmable Gate Array, FPGA), or other available Programming logic devices, discrete gates or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components.
  • DSP Digital Signal Processor
  • ASIC Application Specific Integrated Circuit
  • FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array
  • the methods, steps, and logical block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of the present application may be implemented or executed.
  • the general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like.
  • the steps of the method disclosed in conjunction with the embodiments of the present application may be directly embodied and executed by a hardware decoding processor, or may be executed and completed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor.
  • the software module may be located in a mature storage medium in the art, such as random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, or electrically erasable programmable memory, and registers.
  • the storage medium is located in the memory, and the processor reads the information in the memory and completes the steps of the above method in combination with its hardware.
  • the memory in the embodiments of the present application may be volatile memory or non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memory.
  • the non-volatile memory may be read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM), programmable read-only memory (Programmable ROM, PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (Erasable PROM, EPROM), electronically Erasable programmable read only memory (Electrically, EPROM, EEPROM) or flash memory.
  • the volatile memory may be a random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), which is used as an external cache.
  • RAM static random access memory
  • DRAM dynamic random access memory
  • DRAM synchronous dynamic random access memory
  • SDRAM double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory
  • Double Data Rate SDRAM DDR SDRAM
  • enhanced SDRAM ESDRAM
  • Synchlink DRAM SLDRAM
  • Direct Rambus RAM Direct Rambus RAM
  • the memory in the embodiments of the present application may also be static random access memory (static RAM, SRAM), dynamic random access memory (dynamic RAM, DRAM), synchronous Dynamic random access memory (synchronous DRAM, SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (double data Srate, DDR SDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (enhanced SDRAM, ESDRAM), synchronous connection dynamic Random access memory (synch link DRAM, SLDRAM) and direct memory bus random access memory (Direct Rambus RAM, DR RAM) and so on.
  • static random access memory static random access memory
  • SRAM static random access memory
  • dynamic RAM dynamic random access memory
  • DRAM dynamic random access memory
  • SDRAM synchronous Dynamic random access memory
  • double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory double data Srate, DDR SDRAM
  • enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory
  • synchronous connection dynamic Random access memory switch link DRAM, SLDRAM
  • Direct Rambus RAM Direct Rambus RAM
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic block diagram of a communication system 800 according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 8, the communication system 800 includes a network device 810 and a terminal device 820.
  • the network device 810 is used to: send indication information, the indication information is used to indicate a first threshold, and the first threshold is used by the terminal device to determine whether to switch from a 2-step random access process to a 4-step random access process .
  • the terminal device 810 is used to: in the 2-step random access process, send the first message of the 2-step random access process; if the number of times of sending the first message of the 2-step random access process reaches the first At a threshold, if the second message of the 2-step random access process has not been received, the system switches to the 4-step random access process.
  • the network device 810 may be used to implement the corresponding functions implemented by the network device in the method of the embodiments of the present application, and for the sake of brevity, details are not described here.
  • the terminal device 820 may be used to implement the corresponding functions implemented by the terminal device in the method of the embodiments of the present application, and the composition of the terminal device 820 may be as shown in the terminal device 500 in FIG. 5, for simplicity, here No longer.
  • Embodiments of the present application also provide a computer-readable storage medium for storing computer programs.
  • the computer-readable storage medium may be applied to the network device in the embodiments of the present application, and the computer program causes the computer to execute the corresponding process implemented by the network device in each method of the embodiments of the present application.
  • the computer-readable storage medium can be applied to the terminal device in the embodiments of the present application, and the computer program enables the computer to execute the corresponding process implemented by the terminal device in each method of the embodiments of the present application. Repeat.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides a computer program product, including computer program instructions.
  • the computer program product can be applied to the network device in the embodiments of the present application, and the computer program instructions cause the computer to execute the corresponding process implemented by the network device in each method of the embodiment of the present application.
  • the computer program product can be applied to the terminal device in the embodiments of the present application, and the computer program instructions cause the computer to execute the corresponding process implemented by the terminal device in each method of the embodiment of the present application. Repeat again.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides a computer program.
  • the computer program can be applied to the network device in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the computer program runs on the computer, the computer is allowed to execute the corresponding process implemented by the network device in each method of the embodiment of the present application. , Will not repeat them here.
  • the computer program can be applied to the terminal device in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the computer program runs on the computer, the computer is allowed to execute the corresponding process implemented by the terminal device in each method of the embodiments of the present application. , Will not repeat them here.
  • B corresponding to (corresponding to) A means that B is associated with A, and B can be determined according to A.
  • determining B based on A does not mean determining B based on A alone, and B may also be determined based on A and/or other information.
  • the disclosed system, device, and method may be implemented in other ways.
  • the device embodiments described above are only schematic.
  • the division of the unit is only a division of logical functions.
  • there may be another division manner for example, multiple units or components may be combined or may Integration into another system, or some features can be ignored, or not implemented.
  • the displayed or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the functions are implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the technical solution of the present application essentially or part of the contribution to the existing technology or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including Several instructions are used to enable a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the aforementioned storage media include: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM), random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), magnetic disk or optical disk and other media that can store program code .

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Abstract

本申请公开了一种随机接入的方法，能够在2步随机接入过程和4步随机接入过程之间实现有效的切换。该方法包括：终端设备在2步随机接入过程中，发送所述2步随机接入过程的第一条消息；若所述2步随机接入过程的第一条消息的发送次数达到第一阈值时，仍未接收到所述2步随机接入过程的第二条消息，所述终端设备切换至4步随机接入过程。

Description

随机接入的方法和设备
本申请要求于2018年11月30日提交中国专利局，申请号PCT/CN2018/118653，发明名称为“随机接入的方法和设备”的PCT申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请实施例涉及领域，并且更具体地，涉及随机接入的方法和设备。
背景技术
5G系统或称新无线(New Radio，NR)系统的随机接入(Random Access，RA)过程，允许采用2步随机接入(2-step RA)的方式。其中，在2步随机接入过程中，可以将4步随机接入(4-step RA)过程中的消息(Message，简称为“Msg”)1和Msg 3作为第一条消息来发送，并将4步随机接入过程中的Msg 2和Msg 4作为第二条消息来发送。这样，终端设备就需要在2步随机接入过程和4步随机接入过程之间实现有效的切换。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供了一种随机接入的方法和设备，能够在2步随机接入过程和4步随机接入过程之间实现有效的切换。
第一方面，提供了一种随机接入的方法，包括：终端设备在2步随机接入过程中，发送所述2步随机接入过程的第一条消息；若所述2步随机接入过程的第一条消息的发送次数达到第一阈值时，仍未接收到所述2步随机接入过程的第二条消息，所述终端设备切换至4步随机接入过程。
第二方面，提供了一种随机接入的方法，包括：网络设备发送指示信息，所述指示信息用于指示第一阈值，所述第一阈值用于终端设备确定是否由2步随机接入过程切换至4步随机接入过程。
第三方面，提供了一种终端设备，该终端设备可以执行上述第一方面或第一方面的任意可选的实现方式中的方法。具体地，该终端设备可以包括用于执行上述第一方面或第一方面的任意可能的实现方式中的方法的功能模块。
第四方面，提供了一种网络设备，该网络设备可以执行上述第二方面或第二方面的任意可选的实现方式中的方法。具体地，该网络设备可以包括用于执行上述第二方面或第二方面的任意可能的实现方式中的方法的功能模块。
第五方面，提供了一种终端设备，包括处理器和存储器。该存储器用于存储计算机程序，该处理器用于调用并运行该存储器中存储的计算机程序，执行上述第一方面或第一方面的任意可能的实现方式中的方法。
第六方面，提供了一种网络设备，包括处理器和存储器。该存储器用于存储计算机程序，该处理器用于调用并运行该存储器中存储的计算机程序， 执行上述第二方面或第二方面的任意可能的实现方式中的方法。
第七方面，提供了一种芯片，用于实现上述第一方面或第一方面的任意可能的实现方式中的方法。具体地，该芯片包括处理器，用于从存储器中调用并运行计算机程序，使得安装有该芯片的设备执行如上述第一方面或第一方面的任意可能的实现方式中的方法。
第八方面，提供了一种芯片，用于实现上述第二方面或第二方面的任意可能的实现方式中的方法。具体地，该芯片包括处理器，用于从存储器中调用并运行计算机程序，使得安装有该芯片的设备执行如上述第二方面或第二方面的任意可能的实现方式中的方法。
第九方面，提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，用于存储计算机程序，该计算机程序使得计算机执行上述第一方面或第一方面的任意可能的实现方式中的方法。
第十方面，提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，用于存储计算机程序，该计算机程序使得计算机执行上述第二方面或第二方面的任意可能的实现方式中的方法。
第十一方面，提供了一种计算机程序产品，包括计算机程序指令，该计算机程序指令使得计算机执行上述第一方面或第一方面的任意可能的实现方式中的方法。
第十二方面，提供了一种计算机程序产品，包括计算机程序指令，该计算机程序指令使得计算机执行上述第二方面或第二方面的任意可能的实现方式中的方法。
第十三方面，提供了一种计算机程序，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述第一方面或第一方面的任意可能的实现方式中的方法。
第十四方面，提供了一种计算机程序，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述第二方面或第二方面的任意可能的实现方式中的方法。
第十五方面，提供了一种通信系统，包括终端设备和网络设备。
所述终端设备用于：在2步随机接入过程中，发送所述2步随机接入过程的第一条消息；若所述2步随机接入过程的第一条消息的发送次数达到第一阈值时，仍未接收到所述2步随机接入过程的第二条消息，则切换至4步随机接入过程。
所述网络设备用于：发送指示信息，所述指示信息用于指示第一阈值，所述第一阈值用于终端设备确定是否由2步随机接入过程切换至4步随机接入过程。
通过上述技术方案，在2步随机接入过程的第一条消息的发送次数超过第一阈值，但仍未接收到网络反馈的第二条消息时，终端设备切换至4步随机接入过程，从而避免终端设备在信道质量不佳或干扰严重时仍不断发起2步随机接入，以节省终端设备的不必要的功耗，以及降低对系统中其他用户的影响。
附图说明
图1是本申请实施例应用的一种可能的无线通信系统的示意图。
图2是4步随机接入的示意性流程交互图。
图3是2步随机接入的示意性流程交互图
图4是本申请实施例的随机接入的方法的示意性流程图。
图5是本申请实施例的终端设备的示意性框图。
图6是本申请实施例的通信设备的示意性结构图。
图7是本申请实施例的芯片的示意性结构图。
图8是本申请实施例的通信系统的示意性框图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
本申请实施例的技术方案可以应用于各种通信系统，例如：全球移动通讯(Global System of Mobile communication，GSM)系统、码分多址(Code Division Multiple Access，CDMA)系统、宽带码分多址(Wideband Code Division Multiple Access，WCDMA)系统、通用分组无线业务(General Packet Radio Service，GPRS)、长期演进(Long Term Evolution，LTE)系统、LTE频分双工(Frequency Division Duplex，FDD)系统、LTE时分双工(Time Division Duplex，TDD)系统、先进的长期演进(Advanced long term evolution，LTE-A)系统、新无线(New Radio，NR)系统、NR系统的演进系统、非授权频段上的LTE(LTE-based access to unlicensed spectrum，LTE-U)系统、非授权频段上的NR(NR-based access to unlicensed spectrum，NR-U)系统、通用移动通信系统(Universal Mobile Telecommunication System，UMTS)、全球互联微波接入(Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access，WiMAX)通信系统、无线局域网(Wireless Local Area Networks，WLAN)、无线保真(Wireless Fidelity，WiFi)、下一代通信系统或其他通信系统等。
通常来说，传统的通信系统支持的连接数有限，也易于实现，然而，随着通信技术的发展，移动通信系统将不仅支持传统的通信，还将支持例如，设备到设备(Device to Device，D2D)通信，机器到机器(Machine to Machine，M2M)通信，机器类型通信(Machine Type Communication，MTC)，以及车辆间(Vehicle to Vehicle，V2V)通信等，本申请实施例也可以应用于这些通信系统。
可选地，本申请实施例中的通信系统可以应用于载波聚合(Carrier Aggregation，CA)、双连接(Dual Connectivity，DC)、独立(Standalone，SA)组网等场景中。
示例性的，本申请实施例应用的通信系统100如图1所示。该无线通信系统100可以包括网络设备110。网络设备110可以是与终端设备通信的设备。网络设备110可以为特定的地理区域提供通信覆盖，并且可以与位于该 覆盖区域内的终端设备进行通信。可选地，该网络设备100可以是GSM系统或CDMA系统中的基站(Base Transceiver Station，BTS)，也可以是WCDMA系统中的基站(NodeB，NB)，还可以是LTE系统中的演进型基站(Evolutional Node B，eNB或eNodeB)，或者是NR系统中的网络侧设备，或者是云无线接入网络(Cloud Radio Access Network，CRAN)中的无线控制器，或者该网络设备可以为中继站、接入点、车载设备、可穿戴设备、下一代网络中的网络侧设备或者未来演进的公共陆地移动网络(Public Land Mobile Network，PLMN)中的网络设备等。
该无线通信系统100还包括位于网络设备110覆盖范围内的至少一个终端设备120。终端设备120可以是移动的或者固定的。可选地，终端设备120可以指接入终端、用户设备(User Equipment，UE)、用户单元、用户站、移动站、移动台、远方站、远程终端、移动设备、用户终端、终端、无线通信设备、用户代理或用户装置。接入终端可以是蜂窝电话、无绳电话、会话启动协议(Session Initiation Protocol，SIP)电话、无线本地环路(Wireless Local Loop，WLL)站、个人数字处理(Personal Digital Assistant，PDA)、具有无线通信功能的手持设备、计算设备或连接到无线调制解调器的其它处理设备、车载设备、可穿戴设备、未来5G网络中的终端设备或者未来演进的PLMN中的终端设备等。其中，可选地，终端设备120之间也可以进行终端直连(Device to Device，D2D)通信。
网络设备110可以为小区提供服务，终端设备120通过该小区使用的传输资源(例如，频域资源，或者说，频谱资源)与网络设备110进行通信，该小区可以是网络设备110(例如基站)对应的小区，小区可以属于宏基站，也可以属于小小区(Small cell)对应的基站，这里的小小区可以包括例如城市小区(Metro cell)、微小区(Micro cell)、微微小区(Pico cell)、毫微微小区(Femto cell)等，这些小小区具有覆盖范围小、发射功率低的特点，适用于提供高速率的数据传输服务。
图1示例性地示出了一个网络设备和两个终端设备，可选地，该无线通信系统100可以包括多个网络设备并且每个网络设备的覆盖范围内可以包括其它数量的终端设备，本申请实施例对此不做限定。此外，该无线通信系统100例如还可以包括网络控制器、移动管理实体等其他网络实体，本申请实施例对此不作限定。
在小区搜索过程之后，终端设备已经与小区取得了下行同步，因此终端设备能够接收下行数据。但终端设备只有与小区取得上行同步，才能进行上行传输。终端设备可以通过随机接入过程(Random Access Procedure，RAR)与小区建立连接并取得上行同步。也就是说，通过随机接入，终端设备可以获得上行同步，并且获得网络设备为其分配的唯一的标识即小区无线网络临时标识(Cell Radio Network Temporary Identity，C-RNTI)。因此，随机接入不仅可以应用在初始接入中，也可以应用在用户上行同步丢失的情况下。为了便于理解，下面将结合图2和图3简单介绍随机接入过程。
随机接入过程通常可以由以下6类触发事件之一触发：
(1)初始接入(initial access)。
终端设备会从无线资源控制(Radio Resource Control，RRC)空闲态(RRC_IDLE态)进入RRC连接态(RRC_CONNECTED)。
(2)切换(handover)。
当终端设备需要与新的小区建立上行同步时，需要在新的小区发起随机接入。
(3)RRC连接重建(RRC Connection Re-establishment)。
终端设备在发生无线链路失败(Radio Link Failure，RLF)后重新建立无线连接。
(4)RRC连接态下，下行数据到达时，上行处于“不同步”状态。
此时，下行数据到达后终端设备需要回复应答(Acknowledgement，ACK)或否定应答(Negative Acknowledgement，NACK)。
(5)RRC连接态下，上行数据到达时，上行处于“不同步”状态或没有可用的物理上行控制信道(Physical Uplink Control Channel，PUCCH)资源用于调度请求(Scheduling Request，SR)传输。
上行数据到达例如需要上报测量报告或发送数据时，如果上行处于“不同步”状态，终端设备可以发起随机接入过程；或者，如果允许已经处于上行同步状态的终端设备使用随机接入信道(Random Access Channel，RACH)来替代SR的作用，那么上行处于“不同步”状态时，终端设备可以发起随机接入过程。
(6)RRC连接态下，为了定位，需要获得时间提前量(Timing Advance，TA)。
此外，还可能由于RRC激活态(RRC_INACTIVE)过渡、请求其他系统信息(Other System Information，OSI)或者波束失败恢复(beam failure recovery)等原因触发随机接入。
图2是4步随机接入的流程交互图。如图2所示，4步随机接入的流程可以包括以下四个步骤：
步骤1，终端设备发送Msg 1。
终端设备向网络设备发送Msg 1，以告诉网络设备该终端设备发起了随机接入请求，该Msg 1中携带随机接入前导码(Random Access Preamble，RAP)，或称为随机接入前导码、前导码、前导码等。同时，Msg 1还可以用于网络设备能估计其与终端设备之间的传输时延并以此校准上行时间。
步骤2，网络设备发送Msg 2。
网络设备在接收到终端设备发送的Msg 1后，向终端设备发送Msg 2，即随机接入响应(Random Access Response，RAR)消息。该Msg 2可以通过随机接入无线网络临时标识(Random Access Radio Network Temporary Identity，RA-RNTI)进行加扰。终端设备可以在RAR窗口(RAR window)内监听PDCCH，以接收用该RA-RNTI加扰的RAR消息(不考虑可能出现的测量间隔(measurement gap))。
如果终端设备在RAR窗口内没有接收到网络设备回复的RAR消息，则 认为此次随机接入失败。如果终端设备在RAR窗口内成功接收到一个RAR消息且该RAR消息中携带的前导码的索引与终端设备发送的Msg 1中的前导码的索引相同，则终端设备可以停止监听RAR消息。其中，终端设备使用RA-RNTI解扰该RAR消息。
其中，RAR消息中可以包括针对多个发送前导码的终端设备的相应消息，其中，针对每个终端设备的响应消息中包括该终端设备采用的前导码的索引(RAPID)、Msg 3的资源分配信息、时间提前量(Time Advance，TA)调整信息、以及临时小区无线网络临时标识(Temporary Cell-Radio Network Temporary Identity，TC-RNTI)等。
在NR标准中，RAR消息可以采用下行控制信息(Download Control Information，DCI)格式(DCI format)1-0进行调度，且调度该RAR消息的PDCCH可以采用上述的RA-RNTI加扰。
步骤3，终端设备发送Msg 3。
终端设备在收到RAR消息后，判断该RAR是否为属于自己的RAR消息，例如终端设备可以利用前导码标识进行核对，在确定是属于自己的RAR消息后，在RRC层产生Msg 3，并向网络设备发送Msg 3。其中需要携带终端设备的标识信息等。
针对不同的随机接入触发事件，4步随机接入过程终端设备在步骤3中发送的Msg 3可以包括不同的内容。
例如，对于初始接入的场景，Msg 3包括RRC层生成的RRC连接请求消息(RRC Connection Request)，其中至少携带终端设备的非接入层(Non-Access Stratum，NAS)标识信息。此外，Msg 3还可以携带例如终端设备的服务临时移动用户标识(Serving-Temporary Mobile Subscriber Identity，S-TMSI)或随机数等。
又例如，对于RRC连接重建场景，Msg 3包括RRC层生成的RRC连接重建请求消息(RRC Connection Re-establishment Request)且不携带任何NAS消息。此外，Msg 3还可以携带例如小区无线网络临时标识(Cell Radio Network Temporary Identifier，C-RNTI)和协议控制信息(Protocol Control Information，PCI)等。
又例如，对于切换场景，Msg 3包括RRC层生成的RRC切换确认消息(RRC Handover Confirm)，其携带终端设备的C-RNTI。此外，Msg 3还可携带例如缓冲状态报告(Buffer Status Report，BSR)等信息。对于其它触发事件例如上/下行数据到达的场景，Msg 3至少需要包括终端设备的C-RNTI。
应注意，上行传输通常使用终端设备特定的信息，例如使用C-RNTI等对上行共享信道(Uplink Shared Channel，UL-SCH)中承载的数据进行加扰。但此时冲突还未解决，因此对Msg 3加扰时不能基于C-RNTI，而只能使用TC-RNTI。
步骤4，网络设备发送Msg 4。
网络设备向终端设备发送Msg 4，终端设备正确接收Msg 4完成竞争解决(Contention Resolution)。例如在RRC连接建立过程中，Msg 4中可以携 带RRC连接建立消息。
由于步骤3中的终端设备会在Msg 3中携带自己唯一的标识，例如C-RNTI或来自核心网的标识信息(比如S-TMSI或一个随机数)，从而网络设备在竞争解决机制中，会在Msg 4中携带终端设备的唯一标识以指定竞争中胜出的终端设备。而其它没有在竞争解决中胜出的终端设备将重新发起随机接入。Msg 4的PDCCH可以采用TC-RNTI进行加扰。
在5G系统中，终端设备在进行随机接入时，除了可以使用上述4步随机接入方式进行随机接入，还可以采用2步随机接入的方式。一种可能的方法是，将4步随机接入过程中的消息Msg 1和Msg 3作为2步随机接入过程中的第一条消息来发送；将4步随机接入过程中的Msg 2和Msg 4作为2步随机接入过程中的第二条消息来发送。
如图3所示，2步随机接入的流程可以包括以下两个步骤：
步骤1，终端设备发送第一条消息。
该第一条消息(暂称为“新Msg 1(New_Msg 1)”)可以包括前导码和上行数据。该上行数据可以承载于上行信道，该上行信道例如可以为物理上行链路共享信道(Physical Uplink Shared Channel，PUSCH)。其中，该上行信道例如可以承载有终端设备的标识信息以及RRC请求的原因。该第一条消息类似于4步随机接入过程中的Msg 1和Msg 3中携带的部分或全部信息。
步骤2，网络设备发送第二条消息。
若网络设备成功接收到终端设备发送的第一条消息，则向终端设备发送第二条消息。该第二条消息(暂称为“新Msg 2(New_Msg 2)”)中例如可以包括冲突解决信息、C-RNTI分配信息、TA调整信息等。该第二条消息类似于4步随机接入过程中的Msg 2和Msg 4中携带的部分或全部信息。
在2步随机接入过程中，该第二条消息携带针对单个终端设备的冲突解决信息(包括第一条消息中终端设备发送的与终端设备的标识相关的信息)、C-RNTI分配信息、TA调整信息等。此外，该第二条消息还可能携带RRC简历消息等。
应理解，图2或图3仅仅为示例。由于2步随机接入过程还未进入标准化阶段，因此这里仅以图3为例进行介绍，对于其中涉及的各个随机接入消息的定义还存在其他可能性，而不限定对2步随机接入过程中的各个随机接入消息的其他定义。本申请实施例所述的方法适用于其他所有的2步随机接入过程。
在2步随机接入过程中发送的新Msg 1通常包括前导码、以及上行数据部分例如4步随机接入过程中的Msg 3携带的内容，以缩短随机接入的时延。在一些情况下，例如信道质量不佳或者其他终端设备也在发起随机接入而导致相互干扰的情况下，网络设备可能未检测到终端设备发送的新Msg 1，此时，终端设备一味地重发新Msg 1对于终端设备和网络设备而言都是低效的。对于终端设备来说，每一次发送新Msg 1都意味着前导码和数据部分的同时发送，相比于4步随机接入过程中的Msg 1，终端设备在2步随机接入 过程中发送第一条消息所消耗的功率远大于仅发送前导码所使用的功率。另一方面，对于网络设备而言，前导码和数据部分的同时发送意味着空口干扰的增加，对于其他终端设备的新Msg 1的发送会产生干扰。
本申请实施例提供一种随机接入的方法，能够在2步随机接入过程和4步随机接入过程之间实现有效的切换。
本申请实施例中，将2步随机接入过程中的第一条消息和第二条消息也分别称为“新Msg 1(New_Msg 1)”和“新Msg 2(New_Msg 2)”，将4步随机接入过程中的第一条消息至第四条消息也分别称为“Msg 1、Msg 2、Msg3和Msg 4”。其中，新Msg 1可以包括Msg 1和Msg 3中携带的部分或全部信息。新Msg 2可以包括Msg 2和Msg 4中携带的部分或全部信息.
图4是本申请实施例的随机接入的方法400的示意性流程图。图4所述的方法可以由通信设备执行，该通信设备例如可以是终端设备或网络设备，该终端设备例如可以为图1中所示的终端设备120，该网络设备例如可以为图1中所示的网络设备110。如图4所示，该随机接入的方法400可以包括以下步骤中的部分或全部。其中：
在410中，终端设备在2步随机接入过程中，发送该2步随机接入过程的第一条消息(记为Msg A)。
在420中，若该2步随机接入过程的第一条消息的发送次数达到第一阈值时，仍未接收到该2步随机接入过程的第二条消息(记为Msg B)，终端设备切换至4步随机接入过程。
其中，2步随机接入过程的第一条消息例如可以包括前导码和/或数据信道。相当于4步随机接入过程的Msg 1和Msg 3中的部分或全部信息。
2步随机接入过程的第二条消息例如包括随机接入响应RAR消息和/或冲突解决消息。相当于4步随机接入过程中的Msg 2和Msg 4中的部分或全部信息。
终端设备需要多次尝试发送2步随机接入过程的第一条消息以尽快接入网络设备，但是，因信道质量不佳或其他终端设备发起接入时的干扰等原因，网络设备可能始终无法检测到该第一条消息。相比于4步随机接入过程的Msg 1，2步随机接入过程的第一条消息携带了更多的信息，因此终端设备不断发送2步随机接入过程的第一条消息，不仅增加了自己的功耗，还可能对其他终端设备的接入过程带来干扰。
而本申请实施例中，在2步随机接入过程的第一条消息的发送次数超过第一阈值，但仍未接收到网络反馈的第二条消息时，终端设备切换至4步随机接入过程，从而避免终端设备在信道质量不佳或干扰严重时仍不断发起2步随机接入，以节省终端设备的不必要的功耗，以及降低对系统中其他用户的影响。
可选地，网络设备可以向终端设备发送指示信息，该指示信息用于指示该第一阈值。相应地，终端设备接收网络设备发送的该指示信息，并根据该指示信息确定该第一阈值。该指示信息例如承载于无线资源控制(Radio Resourse Control，RRC)信令或者广播消息。
或者，可选地，终端设备获取预存在终端设备中的该第一阈值，例如该第一阈值为协议约定的。
该第一阈值为正整数。终端设备例如可以通过计数器(counter)来记录其发送2步随机接入过程中的第一条消息的次数。当计数器记录的数值达到第一阈值，终端设备切换至4步随机接入过程，并将计数器归零。
可选地，当终端设备切换至该4步随机接入过程后，该方法还包括：终端设备确定第一功率；终端设备使用该第一功率，发送该4步随机接入消息中的第一条消息(Msg 1)。
进一步地，可选地，终端设备确定第一功率，包括：终端设备根据2步随机接入过程的第一条消息的发送功率，确定该第一功率。
例如，终端设备可以根据2步随机接入过程中N次发送第一条消息所使用的功率的平均值作为该第一功率，N可以小于或等于第一阈值。
又例如，终端设备可以根据2步随机接入过程中最后一次发送第一条消息所使用的发送功率，确定所述第一功率。
也就是说，终端设备切换至4步随机接入过程后，4步随机接入过程中第一次发送Msg 1所使用的发送功率，可以根据2步随机接入过程中最后一次发送第一条消息所使用的发送功率来确定。
例如，终端设备可以将2步随机接入过程中最后一次发送第一条消息所使用的发送功率，作为所述第一功率。
又例如，终端设备可以将2步随机接入过程中最后一次发送第一条消息所使用的发送功率，提升或者加上△P，得到所述第一功率。
本申请实施例对△P的值不做限定。△P可以是网络设备确定并通知终端设备的，也可以是协议约定的。△P的取值可以通过以下几种方式来确定。
方式1
终端设备可以根据2步随机接入过程和/或4步随机接入过程中的功率控制参数确定△P。
2步随机接入过程中的该功率控制参数例如包括：与2步随机接入过程中的第一条消息(Msg A)中的物理随机接入信道(Physical Random Access Channel，PRACH)的前导码格式(preamble format)相关的功率控制参数，以下将其记作DELTA_PREAMBLE_2stepRACH；和/或，2步随机接入过程中的第一条消息(Msg A)中的前导码(preamble)的目标期望接收功率，以下将其记作preambleReceivedTargetPower_2stepRACH。
4步随机接入过程中的该功率控制参数例如包括：与4步随机接入过程中的第一条消息(Msg 1)中的PRACH的前导码格式相关的功率控制参数，以下将其记作DELTA_PREAMBLE_4stepRACH；和/或，4步随机接入过程中的第一条消息(Msg 1)中的前导码的目标期望接收功率，以下将其记作preambleReceivedTargetPower_4stepRACH。
DELTA_PREAMBLE_2stepRACH和DELTA_PREAMBLE_4stepRACH可以通过查表获得。网络设备为获得2步随机接入过程和4步随机接入过程而配置前导码格式，终端设备可以根据表格，例如以下表一和表二，查询与 其使用的前导码格式对应的DELTA_PREAMBLE的取值。其中，表一是长前导码格式与DELTA_PREAMBLE的取值的对应关系，表二是短前导码格式与DELTA_PREAMBLE的取值的对应关系。
表一
前导码格式 DELTA_PREAMBLE的取值(dB)
0 0dB
1 -3dB
2 -6dB
3 0dB
表二
前导码格式 DELTA_PREAMBLE的取值(dB)
A1 8+3×μ
A2 5+3×μ
A3 3+3×μ
B1 8+3×μ
B2 5+3×μ
B3 3+3×μ
B4 3×μ
C0 11+3×μ
C2 5+3×μ
其中，μ是4步随机接入过程中的Msg 1的前导码的子载波间隔或者是2步随机接入过程中的Msg A中的PRACH信道的前导码的的子载波间隔。
网络设备可以通过高层信令例如可以通过广播或者RRC专用信令，为终端设备配置2步随机接入过程和4步随机接入过程中的前导码格式以及前导码的子载波间隔。
网络设备可以通过高层信令例如可以通过广播或者RRC专用信令，向终端设备通知目标期望接收功率。其中，网络设备可以向终端设备分别通知preambleReceivedTargetPower_2stepRACH的取值和preambleReceivedTargetPower_4stepRACH的取值；或者，网络设备可以仅向终端设备通知preambleReceivedTargetPower_4stepRACH的取值，而preambleReceivedTargetPower_2stepRACH的取值沿用preambleReceivedTargetPower_4stepRACH的取值；或者，网络设备可以仅向终端设备通知preambleReceivedTargetPower_2stepRACH的取值，而preambleReceivedTargetPower_4stepRACH的取值沿用preambleReceivedTargetPower_2stepRACH的取值。
终端设备得到功率控制参数后，可以基于该功率控制参数，确定△P。其中，终端设备可以根据前述的DELTA_PREAMBLE_2stepRACH、DELTA_PREAMBLE_4stepRACH、preambleReceivedTargetPower_2stepRACH 和preambleReceivedTargetPower_4stepRACH中的至少一种功率控制参数，来确定△P。
例如，△P＝DELTA_PREAMBLE_4stepRACH-DELTA_PREAMBLE_2stepRACH。
又例如，△P＝DELTA_PREAMBLE_2stepRACH-DELTA_PREAMBLE_4stepRACH。
又例如，△P＝preambleReceivedTargetPower_4stepRACH-preambleReceivedTargetPower_2stepRACH。
又例如，△P＝preambleReceivedTargetPower_2stepRACH-preambleReceivedTargetPower_4stepRACH。
又例如，△P＝preambleReceivedTargetPower_4stepRACH-preambleReceivedTargetPower_2stepRACH+DELTA_PREAMBLE_4stepRACH-DELTA_PREAMBLE_2stepRACH。
又例如，△P＝preambleReceivedTargetPower_2stepRACH-preambleReceivedTargetPower_4stepRACH+DELTA_PREAMBLE_2stepRACH-DELTA_PREAMBLE_4stepRACH。
方式2
△P＝△P1。其中，所述△P1为4步随机接入过程中每次发送第一条消息时相对于上一次发送第一条消息所提升的发送功率。
对于该△P1，在4步随机接入过程中，终端设备每次发送Msg 1使用的发送功率，需要在上次一发送Msg 1使用的发送功率的基础上提升△P1，以提高发送Msg 1的成功率。即，当前次发送Msg 1使用的功率比前一次发送Msg 1使用的功率大△P1。
方式3
△P＝△P2。其中，所述△P2为2步随机接入过程中每次发送第一条消息时相对于上一次发送第一条消息所提升的发送功率。
对于该△P2，在2步随机接入过程中，终端设备每次发送第一条消息使用的发送功率，需要在上次一发送第一条消息使用的发送功率的基础上提升△P2，以提高发送第一条消息的成功率。即，终端设备第i+1次发送第一条消息的发送功率，比第i次发送第一条消息的发送功率大△P2，其中1≤i≤N，N等于第一阈值。
上述三种方式可以单独用来确定△P，或者，上述三种方式中的至少两种可以结合使用以确定△P，本申请对此不做限定。
例如，基于方式1和方式2，可以得到△P＝preambleReceivedTargetPower_4stepRACH-preambleReceivedTargetPower_2stepRACH+DELTA_PREAMBLE_4stepRACH-DELTA_PREAMBLE_2stepRACH+△P1。
又例如，基于方式1和方式3，可以得到△P＝preambleReceivedTargetPower_4stepRACH-preambleReceivedTargetPower_2stepRACH+
DELTA_PREAMBLE_4stepRACH-DELTA_PREAMBLE_2stepRACH+△P2。
又例如，基于方式1、方式2和方式3，可以得到△P＝preambleReceivedTargetPower_4stepRACH-preambleReceivedTargetPower_2stepRACH+DELTA_PREAMBLE_4stepRACH-DELTA_PREAMBLE_2stepRACH+△P1+△P2。
另外，上述的△P可以为正，或者为负，或者为0。当△P＝0时，终端设备可以将2步随机接入过程中最后一次发送第一条消息所使用的发送功率，作为所述第一功率。
应理解，这里所说的该第一条消息的发送成功与失败，可以指终端设备是否接收到网络设备发送的2步随机接入过程中的第二条消息。终端设备发送该第一条消息后，如果接收到网络设备发送的该第二条消息，则可以认为该第一条消息发送成功；终端设备发送该第一条消息后，如果一定时间内没有接收到网络设备发送的该第二条消息，则可以认为该第一条消息发送失败。
此外，△P还可以为其他预设的功率值。终端设备每次由2步随机接入过程切换至4步随机接入过程，就可以在2步随机接入过程中最后一次发送的第一条消息的发送功率的基础上，提升△P，并使用提升后的功率在4步随机接入过程中进行Msg 1的第一次发送。
可选地，2步随机接入过程的第一条消息的发送功率包括前导码的发送功率和/或数据信道的发送功率。
例如，在确定第一功率时，可以在该前导码的发送功率的基础上增加△P，也可以在该数据信道的发送功率的基础上增加△P，也可以在该前导码和该数据信道的总发送功率的基础上增加△P。
本申请还提供了一种随机接入的方法，该方法包括：网络设备向终端设备发送指示信息，所述指示信息用于指示第一阈值，所述第一阈值用于终端设备确定是否由2步随机接入过程切换至4步随机接入过程。
其中，2步随机接入过程中终端设备发送第一条消息的次数达到该第一阈值时，该终端设备由2步随机接入过程切换至4步随机接入过程。
可选地，所述指示信息承载于RRC信令或者广播消息。
可选地，该方法还包括：网络设备向终端设备发送△P，该△P用于终端设备确定切换至4步随机接入过程后用于发送Msg 1的发送功率。
例如，终端设备可以将2步随机接入过程中最后一次发送第一条消息所使用的发送功率，提升△P，得到第一功率，并使用第一功率发送4步随机接入过程中的第一条消息。
△P例如可以等于△P1或者△P2，或者可以是其他功率值。其中，△P1为4步随机接入过程中每次发送第一条消息时相对于上一次发送第一条消息所提升的发送功率，△P2为2步随机接入过程中每次发送第一条消息时相对于上一次发送第一条消息所提升的发送功率。
本申请实施例的方法可以应用于各个随机接入过程中而不仅仅是初始接入过程。并且，本申请实施例的方法可以应用于基于竞争的随机接入过程 (contention based RACH)和基于非竞争的随机接入过程(contention free RACH)。
需要说明的是，在不冲突的前提下，本申请描述的各个实施例和/或各个实施例中的技术特征可以任意的相互组合，组合之后得到的技术方案也应落入本申请的保护范围。
在本申请的各种实施例中，上述各过程的序号的大小并不意味着执行顺序的先后，各过程的执行顺序应以其功能和内在逻辑确定，而不应对本申请实施例的实施过程构成任何限定。
上文中详细描述了根据本申请实施例的通信方法，下面将结合图5至图8，描述根据本申请实施例的装置，方法实施例所描述的技术特征适用于以下装置实施例。
图5是根据本申请实施例的终端设备500的示意性框图。如图5所示，该终端设备500包括收发单元510和处理单元520。其中：
收发单元510，用于在2步随机接入过程中，发送该2步随机接入过程的第一条消息；
处理单元520，用于在该2步随机接入过程的第一条消息的发送次数达到第一阈值时，仍未接收到该2步随机接入过程的第二条消息时，切换至4步随机接入过程。
因此，在2步随机接入过程的第一条消息的发送次数超过第一阈值，但仍未接收到网络反馈的第二条消息时，终端设备切换至4步随机接入过程，从而避免终端设备在信道质量不佳或干扰严重时仍不断发起2步随机接入，以节省终端设备的不必要的功耗，以及降低对系统中其他用户的影响。
可选地，该2步随机接入过程的第一条消息包括前导码和/或数据信道。
可选地，该2步随机接入过程的第二条消息包括随机接入响应RAR消息和/或冲突解决消息。
可选地，所述处理单元520还用于：控制所述收发单元510接收指示信息，所述指示信息用于指示所述第一阈值；或者，获取预存在所述终端设备中的所述第一阈值。
可选地，所述指示信息承载于RRC信令或者广播消息。
可选地，所述终端设备切换至所述4步随机接入过程后，所述处理单元520还用于：所述终端设备确定第一功率；所述收发单元510还与用于，使用所述第一功率，发送所述4步随机接入消息中的第一条消息。
可选地，所述处理单元520具体用于：根据所述2步随机接入过程的第一条消息的发送功率，确定所述第一功率。
可选地，所述处理单元520具体用于：根据所述2步随机接入过程中最后一次发送第一条消息所使用的发送功率，确定所述第一功率。
可选地，所述处理单元520具体用于：将所述2步随机接入过程中最后一次发送第一条消息所使用的发送功率，提升△P，得到所述第一功率。
可选地，所述△P＝△P1，其中，所述△P1为4步随机接入过程中每次发送第一条消息时相对于上一次发送第一条消息所提升的发送功率。
可选地，所述△P＝△P2，其中，所述△P2为2步随机接入过程中每次发送第一条消息时相对于上一次发送第一条消息所提升的发送功率。
可选地，所述2步随机接入过程的第一条消息的发送功率包括前导码的发送功率和/或数据信道的发送功率。
应理解，该终端设备500可以执行上述方法400中由终端设备执行的相应操作，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。
本申请实施例还提供一种网络设备，该网络设备包括收发单元，该收发单元用于：发送指示信息，所述指示信息用于指示第一阈值，所述第一阈值用于终端设备确定是否由2步随机接入过程切换至4步随机接入过程。
可选地，所述指示信息承载于RRC信令或者广播消息。
应理解，该网络设备可以执行本申请实施例的方法中由网络设备执行的相应操作，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。
图6是本申请实施例提供的一种通信设备600示意性结构图。图6所示的通信设备600包括处理器610，处理器610可以从存储器中调用并运行计算机程序，以实现本申请实施例中的方法。
可选地，如图6所示，通信设备600还可以包括存储器620。其中，处理器610可以从存储器620中调用并运行计算机程序，以实现本申请实施例中的方法。
其中，存储器620可以是独立于处理器610的一个单独的器件，也可以集成在处理器610中。
可选地，如图6所示，通信设备600还可以包括收发器630，处理器610可以控制该收发器630与其他设备进行通信，具体地，可以向其他设备发送信息或数据，或接收其他设备发送的信息或数据。
其中，收发器630可以包括发射机和接收机。收发器630还可以进一步包括天线，天线的数量可以为一个或多个。
可选地，该通信设备600具体可为本申请实施例的网络设备，并且该通信设备600可以实现本申请实施例的各个方法中由网络设备实现的相应流程，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。
可选地，该通信设备600具体可为本申请实施例的终端设备，并且该通信设备600可以实现本申请实施例的各个方法中由终端设备实现的相应流程，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。
图7是本申请实施例的芯片的示意性结构图。图7所示的芯片700包括处理器710，处理器710可以从存储器中调用并运行计算机程序，以实现本申请实施例中的方法。
可选地，如图7所示，芯片700还可以包括存储器720。其中，处理器710可以从存储器720中调用并运行计算机程序，以实现本申请实施例中的方法。
其中，存储器720可以是独立于处理器710的一个单独的器件，也可以集成在处理器710中。
可选地，该芯片700还可以包括输入接口730。其中，处理器710可以 控制该输入接口730与其他设备或芯片进行通信，具体地，可以获取其他设备或芯片发送的信息或数据。
可选地，该芯片700还可以包括输出接口740。其中，处理器710可以控制该输出接口740与其他设备或芯片进行通信，具体地，可以向其他设备或芯片输出信息或数据。
可选地，该芯片可应用于本申请实施例中的网络设备，并且该芯片可以实现本申请实施例的各个方法中由网络设备实现的相应流程，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。
可选地，该芯片可应用于本申请实施例中的终端设备，并且该芯片可以实现本申请实施例的各个方法中由终端设备实现的相应流程，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。
本申请实施例提到的芯片还可以称为系统级芯片、系统芯片、芯片系统或片上系统芯片等。
应理解，本申请实施例的处理器可能是一种集成电路芯片，具有信号的处理能力。在实现过程中，上述方法实施例的各步骤可以通过处理器中的硬件的集成逻辑电路或者软件形式的指令完成。上述的处理器可以是通用处理器、数字信号处理器(Digital Signal Processor，DSP)、专用集成电路(Application Specific Integrated Circuit，ASIC)、现成可编程门阵列(Field Programmable Gate Array，FPGA)或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件。可以实现或者执行本申请实施例中的公开的各方法、步骤及逻辑框图。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者该处理器也可以是任何常规的处理器等。结合本申请实施例所公开的方法的步骤可以直接体现为硬件译码处理器执行完成，或者用译码处理器中的硬件及软件模块组合执行完成。软件模块可以位于随机存储器，闪存、只读存储器，可编程只读存储器或者电可擦写可编程存储器、寄存器等本领域成熟的存储介质中。该存储介质位于存储器，处理器读取存储器中的信息，结合其硬件完成上述方法的步骤。
还应理解，本申请实施例中的存储器可以是易失性存储器或非易失性存储器，或可包括易失性和非易失性存储器两者。其中，非易失性存储器可以是只读存储器(Read-Only Memory，ROM)、可编程只读存储器(Programmable ROM，PROM)、可擦除可编程只读存储器(Erasable PROM，EPROM)、电可擦除可编程只读存储器(Electrically EPROM，EEPROM)或闪存。易失性存储器可以是随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory，RAM)，其用作外部高速缓存。通过示例性但不是限制性说明，许多形式的RAM可用，例如静态随机存取存储器(Static RAM，SRAM)、动态随机存取存储器(Dynamic RAM，DRAM)、同步动态随机存取存储器(Synchronous DRAM，SDRAM)、双倍数据速率同步动态随机存取存储器(Double Data Rate SDRAM，DDR SDRAM)、增强型同步动态随机存取存储器(Enhanced SDRAM，ESDRAM)、同步连接动态随机存取存储器(Synchlink DRAM，SLDRAM)和直接内存总线随机存取存储器(Direct Rambus RAM，DR RAM)。
其中，上述存储器为示例性但不是限制性说明，例如，本申请实施例中的存储器还可以是静态随机存取存储器(static RAM，SRAM)、动态随机存取存储器(dynamic RAM，DRAM)、同步动态随机存取存储器(synchronous DRAM，SDRAM)、双倍数据速率同步动态随机存取存储器(double data rate SDRAM，DDR SDRAM)、增强型同步动态随机存取存储器(enhanced SDRAM，ESDRAM)、同步连接动态随机存取存储器(synch link DRAM，SLDRAM)以及直接内存总线随机存取存储器(Direct Rambus RAM，DR RAM)等等。也就是说，本申请实施例中的存储器旨在包括但不限于这些和任意其它适合类型的存储器。
图8是根据本申请实施例的通信系统800的示意性框图。如图8所示，该通信系统800包括网络设备810和终端设备820。
其中，该网络设备810用于：发送指示信息，所述指示信息用于指示第一阈值，所述第一阈值用于终端设备确定是否由2步随机接入过程切换至4步随机接入过程。
该终端设备810用于：在2步随机接入过程中，发送所述2步随机接入过程的第一条消息；若所述2步随机接入过程的第一条消息的发送次数达到第一阈值时，仍未接收到所述2步随机接入过程的第二条消息，则切换至4步随机接入过程。
其中，该网络设备810可以用于实现本申请实施例的方法中由网络设备实现的相应的功能，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。
其中，该终端设备820可以用于实现本申请实施例的方法中由终端设备实现的相应的功能，以及该终端设备820的组成可以如图5中的终端设备500所示，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。
本申请实施例还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，用于存储计算机程序。可选的，该计算机可读存储介质可应用于本申请实施例中的网络设备，并且该计算机程序使得计算机执行本申请实施例的各个方法中由网络设备实现的相应流程，为了简洁，不再赘述。可选地，该计算机可读存储介质可应用于本申请实施例中的终端设备，并且该计算机程序使得计算机执行本申请实施例的各个方法中由终端设备实现的相应流程，为了简洁，不再赘述。
本申请实施例还提供了一种计算机程序产品，包括计算机程序指令。可选的，该计算机程序产品可应用于本申请实施例中的网络设备，并且该计算机程序指令使得计算机执行本申请实施例的各个方法中由网络设备实现的相应流程，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。可选地，该计算机程序产品可应用于本申请实施例中的终端设备，并且该计算机程序指令使得计算机执行本申请实施例的各个方法中由终端设备实现的相应流程，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。
本申请实施例还提供了一种计算机程序。可选的，该计算机程序可应用于本申请实施例中的网络设备，当该计算机程序在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行本申请实施例的各个方法中由网络设备实现的相应流程，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。可选地，该计算机程序可应用于本申请实施例中的终端设备，当该计算机程序在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行本申请实施例的各个方 法中由终端设备实现的相应流程，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。
应理解，本文中术语“系统”和“网络”在本文中常被可互换使用。本文中术语“和/或”，仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本文中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
还应理解，在本发明实施例中，“与A相应(对应)的B”表示B与A相关联，根据A可以确定B。但还应理解，根据A确定B并不意味着仅仅根据A确定B，还可以根据A和/或其它信息确定B。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，能够以电子硬件、或者计算机软件和电子硬件的结合来实现。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的系统、装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统、装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，该单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。
所述功能如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本申请的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本申请各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(Read-Only Memory，ROM)、随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory，RAM)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应所述以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (39)

  1. 一种随机接入的方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    终端设备在2步随机接入过程中，发送所述2步随机接入过程的第一条消息；
    若所述2步随机接入过程的第一条消息的发送次数达到第一阈值时，仍未接收到所述2步随机接入过程的第二条消息，所述终端设备切换至4步随机接入过程。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述2步随机接入过程的第一条消息包括前导码和/或数据信道。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述2步随机接入过程的第二条消息包括随机接入响应RAR消息和/或冲突解决消息。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述终端设备接收指示信息，所述指示信息用于指示所述第一阈值；或者，
    所述终端设备获取预存在所述终端设备中的所述第一阈值。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，所述指示信息承载于无线资源控制RRC信令或者广播消息。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述终端设备切换至所述4步随机接入过程后，所述方法还包括：
    所述终端设备确定第一功率；
    所述终端设备使用所述第一功率，发送所述4步随机接入消息中的第一条消息。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述终端设备确定第一功率，包括：
    所述终端设备根据所述2步随机接入过程的第一条消息的发送功率，确定所述第一功率。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，所述终端设备根据所述2步随机接入过程的第一条消息的发送功率，确定所述第一功率，包括：
    所述终端设备根据所述2步随机接入过程中最后一次发送第一条消息所使用的发送功率，确定所述第一功率。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于，所述终端设备根据所述2步随机接入过程中最后一次发送第一条消息所使用的发送功率，确定所述第一功率，包括：
    所述终端设备将所述2步随机接入过程中最后一次发送第一条消息所使用的发送功率，提升△P，得到所述第一功率。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的方法，其特征在于，所述△P＝△P1，其中，所述△P1为4步随机接入过程中每次发送第一条消息时相对于上一次发送第一条消息所提升的发送功率。
  11. 根据权利要求9所述的方法，其特征在于，所述△P＝△P2，其中， 所述△P2为2步随机接入过程中每次发送第一条消息时相对于上一次发送第一条消息所提升的发送功率。
  12. 根据权利要求7至11中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述2步随机接入过程的第一条消息的发送功率包括前导码的发送功率和/或数据信道的发送功率。
  13. 一种随机接入的方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    网络设备发送指示信息，所述指示信息用于指示第一阈值，所述第一阈值用于终端设备确定是否由2步随机接入过程切换至4步随机接入过程。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的方法，其特征在于，所述指示信息承载于无线资源控制RRC信令或者广播消息。
  15. 一种终端设备，其特征在于，所述终端设备包括：
    收发单元，用于在2步随机接入过程中，发送所述2步随机接入过程的第一条消息；
    处理单元，用于在所述2步随机接入过程的第一条消息的发送次数达到第一阈值时，仍未接收到所述2步随机接入过程的第二条消息时，切换至4步随机接入过程。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的终端设备，其特征在于，所述2步随机接入过程的第一条消息包括前导码和/或数据信道。
  17. 根据权利要求15或16所述的终端设备，其特征在于，所述2步随机接入过程的第二条消息包括随机接入响应RAR消息和/或冲突解决消息。
  18. 根据权利要求15至17中任一项所述的终端设备，其特征在于，所述处理单元还用于：
    控制所述收发单元接收指示信息，所述指示信息用于指示所述第一阈值；或者，
    获取预存在所述终端设备中的所述第一阈值。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的终端设备，其特征在于，所述指示信息承载于无线资源控制RRC信令或者广播消息。
  20. 根据权利要求15至19中任一项所述的终端设备，其特征在于，所述终端设备切换至所述4步随机接入过程后，所述处理单元还用于：
    所述终端设备确定第一功率；
    所述收发单元还与用于，使用所述第一功率，发送所述4步随机接入消息中的第一条消息。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的终端设备，其特征在于，所述处理单元具体用于：
    根据所述2步随机接入过程的第一条消息的发送功率，确定所述第一功率。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的终端设备，其特征在于，所述处理单元具体用于：
    根据所述2步随机接入过程中最后一次发送第一条消息所使用的发送功率，确定所述第一功率。
  23. 根据权利要求22所述的终端设备，其特征在于，所述处理单元具体用于：
    将所述2步随机接入过程中最后一次发送第一条消息所使用的发送功率，提升△P，得到所述第一功率。
  24. 根据权利要求23所述的终端设备，其特征在于，所述△P＝△P1，其中，所述△P1为4步随机接入过程中每次发送第一条消息时相对于上一次发送第一条消息所提升的发送功率。
  25. 根据权利要求23所述的终端设备，其特征在于，所述△P＝△P2，其中，所述△P2为2步随机接入过程中每次发送第一条消息时相对于上一次发送第一条消息所提升的发送功率。
  26. 根据权利要求21至25中任一项所述的终端设备，其特征在于，所述2步随机接入过程的第一条消息的发送功率包括前导码的发送功率和/或数据信道的发送功率。
  27. 一种网络设备，其特征在于，所述网络设备包括：
    收发单元，用于发送指示信息，所述指示信息用于指示第一阈值，所述第一阈值用于终端设备确定是否由2步随机接入过程切换至4步随机接入过程。
  28. 根据权利要求27所述的网络设备，其特征在于，所述指示信息承载于无线资源控制RRC信令或者广播消息。
  29. 一种终端设备，其特征在于，所述终端设备包括处理器和存储器，所述存储器用于存储计算机程序，所述处理器用于调用并运行所述存储器中存储的计算机程序，以执行权利要求1至12中任一项所述的方法。
  30. 一种网络设备，其特征在于，所述网络设备包括处理器和存储器，所述存储器用于存储计算机程序，所述处理器用于调用并运行所述存储器中存储的计算机程序，以执行权利要求13或14所述的方法。
  31. 一种芯片，其特征在于，所述芯片包括处理器，所述处理器用于从存储器中调用并运行计算机程序，使得安装有所述芯片的设备执行权利要求1至12中任一项所述的方法。
  32. 一种芯片，其特征在于，所述芯片包括处理器，所述处理器用于从存储器中调用并运行计算机程序，使得安装有所述芯片的设备执行权利要求13或14所述的方法。
  33. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，用于存储计算机程序，所述计算机程序使得计算机执行权利要求1至12中任一项所述的方法。
  34. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，用于存储计算机程序，所述计算机程序使得计算机执行权利要求13或14所述的方法。
  35. 一种计算机程序产品，其特征在于，包括计算机程序指令，所述计算机程序指令使得计算机执行权利要求1至12中任一项所述的方法。
  36. 一种计算机程序产品，其特征在于，包括计算机程序指令，所述计算机程序指令使得计算机执行权利要求13或14所述的方法。
  37. 一种计算机程序，其特征在于，所述计算机程序使得计算机执行权 利要求1至12中任一项所述的方法。
  38. 一种计算机程序，其特征在于，所述计算机程序使得计算机执行权利要求13或14所述的方法。
  39. 一种通信系统，其特征在于，包括如权利要求15至26中任一项所述的终端设备，以及如权利要求27或28所述的网络设备。
PCT/CN2019/120034 2018-11-30 2019-11-21 随机接入的方法和设备 WO2020108384A1 (zh)

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