WO2020140525A1 - Uart模块、uart模块传输参数的调节方法和系统级芯片 - Google Patents

Uart模块、uart模块传输参数的调节方法和系统级芯片 Download PDF

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WO2020140525A1
WO2020140525A1 PCT/CN2019/110181 CN2019110181W WO2020140525A1 WO 2020140525 A1 WO2020140525 A1 WO 2020140525A1 CN 2019110181 W CN2019110181 W CN 2019110181W WO 2020140525 A1 WO2020140525 A1 WO 2020140525A1
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uart module
data
original data
transmission parameters
terminal
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PCT/CN2019/110181
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English (en)
French (fr)
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胡小龙
彭小卫
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珠海格力电器股份有限公司
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F13/00—Interconnection of, or transfer of information or other signals between, memories, input/output devices or central processing units
    • G06F13/38—Information transfer, e.g. on bus
    • G06F13/382—Information transfer, e.g. on bus using universal interface adapter
    • G06F13/385—Information transfer, e.g. on bus using universal interface adapter for adaptation of a particular data processing system to different peripheral devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F13/00—Interconnection of, or transfer of information or other signals between, memories, input/output devices or central processing units
    • G06F13/38—Information transfer, e.g. on bus
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F13/00—Interconnection of, or transfer of information or other signals between, memories, input/output devices or central processing units
    • G06F13/38—Information transfer, e.g. on bus
    • G06F13/40—Bus structure
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F13/00—Interconnection of, or transfer of information or other signals between, memories, input/output devices or central processing units
    • G06F13/38—Information transfer, e.g. on bus
    • G06F13/40—Bus structure
    • G06F13/4063—Device-to-bus coupling
    • G06F13/4068—Electrical coupling

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of data transmission, and in particular, to a UART module, a method for adjusting transmission parameters of a UART module, and a system-level chip.
  • Universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter (Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter, UART), usually called UART, is an asynchronous transceiver transmitter, usually part of the computer hardware. It converts the data to be transmitted between serial communication and parallel communication. As a chip that converts parallel input signals into serial output signals, the UART is usually integrated into the connection of other communication interfaces.
  • UART module because of its simple design, easy to use, and simple requirements for docking equipment, is generally used for the interface of the chip to print information.
  • transmission parameters such as the baud rate and parity of the UART module as the sender must be consistent with the setting parameters of the receiving end to communicate normally, and communication failures often occur and communication is impossible.
  • the present disclosure provides a UART module, a method for adjusting transmission parameters of a UART module, and a system-level chip to solve the communication failure of the UART module.
  • the UART module is in communication connection with a first terminal, including:
  • the UART module sends the original data to the first terminal using the current transmission parameters, so that the first terminal returns the original data to the UART module as return data after receiving the original data;
  • UART module receives the returned data
  • Judgment step judge whether the returned data is consistent with the original data
  • Adjustment step when the returned data is inconsistent with the original data, select an alternative transmission parameter from the alternative transmission parameters that have not been selected as the current transmission parameter of the UART module.
  • the transmission parameters include: one or more of baud rate, data bits, stop bits, and parity bits.
  • the method further includes:
  • Pre-storing step statistic the usage frequency of each transmission parameter; obtain a plurality of the transmission parameters with the highest usage frequency as candidate transmission parameters.
  • the pre-storing step also includes:
  • the priority of the candidate transmission parameter is positively related to the frequency of use.
  • the adjusting step further includes: when the returned data is inconsistent with the original data, selecting a candidate transmission parameter with the highest priority from the candidate transmission parameters that have not been selected as the current transmission parameter of the UART module.
  • the original data includes first original data and second original data
  • the sending step further includes: the UART module cyclically sending the first original data and the second original data to the first terminal.
  • the method further includes a storage step: when the returned data is consistent with the original data, obtain at least one of the model and terminal parameters of the first terminal, and set and save at least one of the current transmission parameters and the model and terminal parameters One correspondence.
  • the present disclosure also proposes a UART module.
  • the UART module is in communication connection with the first terminal, including:
  • the sending unit is configured to send the original data to the first terminal using the current transmission parameters, so that the first terminal returns the original data to the UART module as return data after receiving the original data;
  • the receiving unit is used to receive the returned data
  • Judgment unit used to judge whether the returned data is consistent with the original data
  • the adjustment unit is used to select an alternative transmission parameter from the alternative transmission parameters that have not been selected as the current transmission parameter of the UART module when the returned data is inconsistent with the original data.
  • the transmission parameters include: one or more of baud rate, data bits, stop bits, and parity bits.
  • Optional also includes:
  • a pre-stored unit is used to count the frequency of use of each transmission parameter; to obtain multiple transmission parameters with the highest frequency of use as candidate transmission parameters.
  • the pre-stored unit is also used for:
  • the priority of the candidate transmission parameter is positively related to the frequency of use.
  • the adjustment unit is configured to: when the returned data is inconsistent with the original data, select a candidate transmission parameter with the highest priority from the candidate transmission parameters that have not been selected as the current transmission parameter of the UART module.
  • the original data includes first original data and second original data
  • the sending unit is also used to cyclically send the first original data and the second original data to the first terminal;
  • it further includes: a storage unit for acquiring at least one of the model and terminal parameters of the first terminal when the returned data is consistent with the original data, and setting and saving the current transmission parameters and model and terminal parameters At least one correspondence.
  • the present disclosure also proposes a system-on-a-chip, which is characterized by including a processor, a memory, and a program stored on the memory that can be run on the processor.
  • a processor executes the program, the steps of any method proposed by the present disclosure are implemented.
  • the present disclosure also proposes a system-on-chip, which is characterized by including any UART module proposed by the present disclosure.
  • the present disclosure proposes a UART module, a method for adjusting transmission parameters of a UART module, and a system-level chip.
  • the alternative transmission parameter is used as the current transmission parameter, thereby solving the UART module communication failure The problem.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a UART module and a first terminal in an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a UART module in an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 is another method for adjusting transmission parameters of a UART module in an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the transmission parameters of the chip with the UART module need to be adjusted to be consistent with the transmission parameters of the connected device in order to perform normal transmission, otherwise garbled characters will be generated, etc. Communication error.
  • the user manually adjusts one parameter at a time, resulting in low adjustment efficiency and time and effort.
  • the present disclosure proposes a method for adjusting the transmission parameters of the UART module to quickly determine the transmission parameters of the UART module and save the time for the regulator to transmit the parameters.
  • the UART module is communicatively connected to the first terminal, specifically, for example, a chip with a UART module may be communicatively connected to the computer through the UART module.
  • the method proposed by the present disclosure includes: S11: sending step, S12: receiving step, S13: judgment step, and S14: adjustment step.
  • the sending step includes: controlling the UART module to send the original data to the first terminal using the current transmission parameters, so that the first terminal returns the original data to the UART module as return data after receiving the original data;
  • the receiving steps include: controlling the UART module to receive the returned data;
  • the judgment steps include: judging whether the returned data is consistent with the original data;
  • the adjustment steps include: when the returned data is inconsistent with the original data, select an alternative transmission parameter from the alternative transmission parameters that have not been selected as the current transmission parameter of the UART module.
  • the UART module is used for asynchronous communication, which can achieve full-duplex transmission and reception.
  • the current transmission parameters used in the sending step of the UART module may be the last time they communicate with an external device if they have not been set or changed
  • the transmission parameters used may also be the default transmission parameters pre-stored in the UART module, or any transmission parameters set by the user.
  • the original data here can be any data, which can be stored in the UART module in advance. For example, one or two 32-bit registers can be added to the UART module to store the original data.
  • the original data can be used to store the original data. Communication test to determine transmission parameters that match the first terminal.
  • the UART module may be set on a system-level chip that sends the original data to the first terminal, and the first terminal returns it as return data. If the setting parameters of the first terminal do not match the transmission parameters of the UART module, the original data received by the first terminal will be garbled. After the first terminal returns the original data as the return data, the returned data received by the UART module There will also be garbled characters, so that the returned data and the original data will be inconsistent, indicating that the transmission parameters of the UART module do not match the setting parameters of the first terminal.
  • the transmission parameters of the UART need to be adjusted to ensure that the UART module can be normal with the first terminal
  • select an alternative transmission parameter from the alternative transmission parameters as the current transmission parameter and repeat the sending step, receiving step, and adjusting step to determine whether the returned data is consistent with the original data again.
  • Select another candidate transmission parameter as the current transmission parameter from the candidate transmission parameters that have not been selected and repeat the sending step, receiving step, and adjusting step until the returned data is consistent with the original data, then the current transmission parameter will not be changed.
  • the current transmission parameter matches the setting parameter of the first terminal, and the alternative transmission parameter that has not been selected refers to the alternative transmission parameter that has not been selected as the current transmission parameter in the adjustment step.
  • the transmission parameters include one or more of baud rate, data bits, stop bits, and parity bits.
  • the UART module uses an asynchronous serial communication protocol. The working process is to transmit each character of the data to be transmitted bit by bit.
  • the start bit is a logical "0" signal sent first, indicating the beginning of the transmission character.
  • the data bit is the data immediately after the start bit.
  • the number of data bits can be 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, etc., forming a character, usually using ASCII code.
  • the transmission starts from the lowest bit and is located by the clock.
  • the parity bit is a bit added to the data bit, which is used to make the number of "1" bits be even or odd, in order to verify the correctness of data transmission.
  • the stop bit is the end mark of a character data. It can be a high level of 1 bit, 1.5 bits, and 2 bits. Since the data is timed on the transmission line, and each device has its own clock, it is likely that there is a small out-of-sync between the two devices in the communication. Therefore, the stop bit not only indicates the end of the transmission, but also provides an opportunity for the computer to correct clock synchronization. The more bits that are suitable for stop bits, the greater the tolerance of different clock synchronization, but the slower the data transmission rate.
  • the method before the sending step, the method further includes:
  • Pre-store step Count the frequency of use of each transmission parameter; obtain multiple transmission parameters with the highest frequency of use as candidate transmission parameters.
  • the usage frequency of each transmission parameter is obtained through big data in advance, preferably the usage frequency of each transmission parameter matching the model of the first terminal is obtained, that is, the candidate is first obtained according to the model of the first terminal Transmission parameters, and then count the frequency of use of the alternative transmission parameters.
  • the pre-storing step further includes: setting a corresponding priority for the alternative transmission parameters; wherein, the priority of the alternative transmission parameters is The frequency of use is positively correlated.
  • the priority of the candidate transmission parameter is positively related to the frequency of use, that is, the higher the frequency of use of the candidate transmission parameter, the higher the corresponding priority.
  • the optional adjustment step includes: when the returned data is inconsistent with the original data, select a candidate transmission parameter with the highest priority from the candidate transmission parameters that have not been selected as the current Transmission parameters.
  • a candidate transmission parameter with the highest priority is selected from the candidate transmission parameters as the current transmission parameter, and the sending step, the receiving step, and the adjusting step are repeated, and it is judged again whether the returned data is consistent with the original data. If there is still inconsistency, select the candidate transmission parameter with the highest priority from the candidate transmission parameters that have not been selected as the current transmission parameter, and repeat the sending step, receiving step, and adjusting step until the returned data is consistent with the original data. Change the current transmission parameter again. At this time, the current transmission parameter matches the setting parameter of the first terminal.
  • the candidate transmission parameter that has not been selected refers to the candidate transmission parameter that has not been selected as the current transmission parameter in the adjustment step.
  • the feature of this embodiment is that the priority is set for each candidate transmission parameter in advance.
  • the candidate transmission parameter is selected as the current transmission parameter of the UART module according to the priority.
  • the priority may be determined according to the frequency of use of each transmission parameter, that is, the candidate transmission parameter with the highest priority is the transmission parameter with the highest probability of use, and therefore, the time for the user to adjust the transmission parameter may be saved.
  • the original data includes first original data and second original data
  • the sending step further includes: controlling the UART module to cyclically send the first original data and the second original data to the first terminal; Specifically, the cyclic transmission of the first original data and the second original data is used because the UART module originally works in full duplex. If only the first original data is selected and sent to the first terminal, you need to wait for the first terminal to return. In the process of the first terminal transmitting the returned data, the UART module can only wait and cannot send data, which causes a waste of time.
  • the transmission parameters used each time the first original data is sent are different , Because transmission and reception are inevitably time-delayed, and short-term communication interruption may cause data loss. It is difficult to determine the transmission parameters corresponding to the received return data when the received return data is the same as the first original data , Easy to cause confusion. Therefore, the first raw data and the second raw data are transmitted cyclically in this disclosure.
  • the lost data is the first raw data or the second raw data according to the type of the returned data received , For example: the first raw data data1, the second raw data is data2, the UART module sends data1, data2, data1, data2, data1, data2 in turn, and the data1, data2, data1, data1, data2 are received because the UART
  • the module adopts the first-in first-out queue operation rule, so it can be determined that the second transmission of data2 is lost, and the transmission parameters corresponding to the lost data2 can be confirmed. If data1 is always sent, it is difficult to confirm which one is lost after a data1 is lost A data1 and corresponding transmission parameters.
  • the adjustment method proposed in the present disclosure further includes a storage step: when the returned data is consistent with the original data, obtain at least one of the model and terminal parameters of the first terminal, and set and save the current transmission parameters and The correspondence between at least one of the model and terminal parameters, that is, only the correspondence between the current transmission parameter and the model is set and saved, or only the correspondence between the current transmission parameter and the terminal parameter is set and saved, or the current transmission parameter is set and saved Correspondence between terminal parameters and correspondence between current transmission parameters and models.
  • the corresponding terminal model and/or terminal parameters are set and saved for the transmission parameters, so that as the number of adjustments increases, the transmission corresponding to each terminal can be known, When the same terminal model and/or terminal parameters are detected in the future, the corresponding operating parameters can be directly selected without adjustment to save time.
  • the UART module is in communication connection with the first terminal, including:
  • the sending unit 10 is configured to send the original data to the first terminal using the current transmission parameters, so that the first terminal returns the original data to the UART module as return data after receiving the original data;
  • the receiving unit 20 is used to receive the returned data
  • the judging unit 30 is used to judge whether the returned data is consistent with the original data
  • the adjusting unit 40 is configured to select an alternative transmission parameter from the alternative transmission parameters that have not been selected as the current transmission parameter of the UART module when the returned data is inconsistent with the original data. In this embodiment, if the UART module cannot communicate normally, the current transmission parameter is replaced with the alternative transmission parameter until the UART module can communicate normally, thereby solving the problem of communication failure of the UART module in the related art.
  • the transmission parameters include: one or more of baud rate, data bits, stop bits, and parity bits.
  • the UART module proposed by the present disclosure further includes: a pre-storing unit 50 for counting the frequency of use of each transmission parameter; acquiring multiple transmission parameters with the highest frequency of use as candidate transmission parameters.
  • the use frequency of each transmission parameter matching the model of the first terminal is obtained, that is, the candidate transmission parameter is first obtained according to the model of the first terminal, and then the usage frequency of the candidate transmission parameter is counted. Because the candidate transmission parameter is the transmission parameter with the highest frequency, it can save adjustment time.
  • the pre-stored unit is further configured to: set a corresponding priority for the candidate transmission parameter; wherein, the priority of the candidate transmission parameter is positively related to the frequency of use.
  • the adjustment unit is configured to: when the returned data is inconsistent with the original data, select a candidate transmission parameter with the highest priority from the candidate transmission parameters that have not been selected as the current transmission parameter of the UART module.
  • the feature of this embodiment is that priority is set for each alternative transmission parameter in advance.
  • the alternative transmission parameters are sequentially selected as the current transmission of the UART module according to the priority
  • the parameters and the priority may be determined according to the frequency of use of each transmission parameter, that is, the candidate transmission parameter with the highest priority is the transmission parameter with the highest probability of use, therefore, the time for the user to adjust the transmission parameter can be saved.
  • the original data includes first original data and second original data; the sending unit 10 is further configured to cyclically send the first original data and the second original data to the first terminal.
  • the UART module proposed in the present disclosure further includes: a storage unit 60, configured to obtain at least one of the model and terminal parameters of the first terminal when the returned data is consistent with the original data, and set and save the current
  • a storage unit 60 configured to obtain at least one of the model and terminal parameters of the first terminal when the returned data is consistent with the original data, and set and save the current
  • the corresponding relationship between the transmission parameters and at least one of the model and terminal parameters that is, only the corresponding relationship between the current transmission parameter and the model is set and saved, or only the corresponding relationship between the current transmission parameter and the terminal parameter is set and saved, or the current relationship is set and saved Correspondence between transmission parameters and terminal parameters and correspondence between current transmission parameters and models.
  • the storage unit 60 sets and saves the corresponding terminal model and/or terminal parameters for the transmission parameters, so that as the number of adjustments increases, each individual For the transmission corresponding to the terminal, when the same terminal model and/or terminal parameters are detected in the future, the corresponding operating parameters can be directly selected without adjustment to save time.
  • the above correspondence can be saved in the form of key-value pairs.
  • the keys of the key-value pairs are transmission parameters, and the values of the key-value pairs are the corresponding model and/or terminal parameters.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a UART module and a first terminal
  • FIG. 4 is a working flowchart of the UART module in FIG. 3 when adjusting transmission parameters.
  • the UART module of this embodiment adds two 32-bit data registers in the sending unit to store the original data and adds a judgment unit.
  • the registers of the UART module in this embodiment can be configured through the bus.
  • the UART module is part of a system-level chip.
  • the system-level chip is connected to the first terminal through the UART module, and a serial port debugging program is opened on the first terminal. And set the serial port program to loopback mode.
  • Receiving step Detect the data of the RX channel (receive channel) (when the RX channel detects a falling edge, indicating that there is data), use the current baud rate configuration to sample the RX signal. Store the first two data received in the data register of the receiving end, these two data are: RCV_DATA0, RCV_DATA1.
  • Adjustment steps After the detection fails (that is, DATA0 is not equal to RCV_DATA0 or DATA1 is not equal to RCV_DATA1,), the hardware will automatically load the previously stored another baud rate (optional transmission parameter) configuration into the corresponding baud rate register UART_BAUD position, And repeat the sending step, receiving step and judgment step.
  • a plurality of candidate transmission parameters may be preferably stored, wherein the top ten candidate transmission parameters sorted according to priority from high to low are as follows:
  • the above 10 alternative transmission parameters are the transmission frequencies with the highest frequency and the widest application range in actual engineering. First adjust the UART module according to the above alternative transmission parameters to save the adjustment time as much as possible.
  • the present disclosure also proposes a system-on-a-chip, including a processor, a memory, and a program stored on the memory that can run on the processor. When the processor executes the program, the steps of any method proposed by the present disclosure are implemented.
  • the present disclosure also proposes a system-on-chip including any UART module proposed in the present disclosure.

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Abstract

一种UART模块、UART模块传输参数的调节方法和系统级芯片，其中UART模块与第一终端通信连接，方法包括：发送步骤：UART模块采用当前传输参数向第一终端发送原始数据，以使第一终端在接收到原始数据后将原始数据作为返回数据返回给UART模块；接收步骤：UART模块接收返回数据；判断步骤：判断返回数据与原始数据是否一致；调节步骤：在返回数据与原始数据不一致的情况下，从尚未被选取过的备选传输参数中选取一个备选传输参数作为UART模块的当前传输参数。从而解决了UART模块的通信故障问题。

Description

UART模块、UART模块传输参数的调节方法和系统级芯片
本公开以2019年1月3日递交的、申请号为201910005028.7且名称为“UART模块、UART模块传输参数的调节方法和系统级芯片”的专利文件为优先权文件，其全部内容通过引用结合在本公开中。
技术领域
本公开涉及数据传输领域，特别涉及一种UART模块、UART模块传输参数的调节方法和系统级芯片。
背景技术
通用异步收发传输器(Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter，UART)，通常称作UART，是一种异步收发传输器，通常是电脑硬件的一部分。它将要传输的资料在串行通信与并行通信之间加以转换。作为把并行输入信号转成串行输出信号的芯片，UART通常被集成于其他通信接口的连结上。
UART模块，由于设计简单，使用方便，对对接设备要求简单，一般用于芯片打印信息的接口。在相关技术中，需要作为发送方的UART模块的波特率、奇偶校验等传输参数与接收端的设置参数一致才可以正常通信，经常出现通信故障无法通信。
因此，解决UART模块的通信故障，是相关技术中亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
本公开提供了一种UART模块、UART模块传输参数的调节方法和系统级芯片，以解决UART模块的通信故障。
为了解决上述问题，作为本公开的一个方面，提供了一种UART模块传输参数的调节方法，UART模块与第一终端通信连接，包括：
发送步骤：UART模块采用当前传输参数向第一终端发送原始数据，以使第一终端在接收到原始数据后将原始数据作为返回数据返回给UART模块；
接收步骤：UART模块接收返回数据；
判断步骤：判断返回数据与原始数据是否一致；
调节步骤：在返回数据与原始数据不一致的情况下，从尚未被选取过的备选传输参数中选取一个备选传输参数作为UART模块的当前传输参数。
可选的，传输参数包括：波特率、数据位、停止位和奇偶校验位中的一个或多个。
可选的，在发送步骤之前还包括：
预存步骤：统计各个传输参数的使用频率；获取使用频率最高的多个所述传输参数作为备选传输参数。
可选的，预存步骤还包括：
为备选传输参数设置对应的优先级；
其中，备选传输参数的优先级与使用频率正相关。
可选的，调节步骤还包括：在返回数据与原始数据不一致的情况下，从尚未被选取过的备选传输参数中选取一个优先级最高的备选传输参数作为UART模块的当前传输参数。
可选的，原始数据包括第一原始数据和第二原始数据；
发送步骤还包括：UART模块向第一终端循环发送第一原始数据和第二原始数据。
可选的，还包括：存储步骤：在返回数据与原始数据相一致的情况下，获取第一终端的型号与终端参数中的至少一个，设置并保存当前传输参数与型号和终端参数中的至少一个的对应关系。
本公开还提出了一种UART模块，UART模块与第一终端通信连接，包括：
发送单元，用于采用当前传输参数向第一终端发送原始数据，以使第一终端在接收到原始数据后将原始数据作为返回数据返回给UART模块；
接收单元，用于接收返回数据；
判断单元，用于判断返回数据与原始数据是否一致；
调节单元，用于在返回数据与原始数据不一致的情况下，从尚未被选取过的备选传输参数中选取一个备选传输参数作为UART模块的当前传输参数。
可选的，传输参数包括：波特率、数据位、停止位和奇偶校验位中的一个或多个。
可选的，还包括：
预存单元，用于统计各个传输参数的使用频率；获取使用频率最高的多个传输参数作为备选传输参数。
可选的，预存单元还用于：
为备选传输参数设置对应的优先级；
其中，备选传输参数的优先级与使用频率正相关。
可选的，调节单元用于：在返回数据与原始数据不一致的情况下，从尚未被选取过的备选传输参数中选取一个优先级最高的备选传输参数作为UART模块的当前传输参数。
可选的，原始数据包括第一原始数据和第二原始数据；
发送单元还用于向第一终端循环发送第一原始数据和第二原始数据；
可选的，还包括：存储单元，用于在返回数据与原始数据相一致的情况下，获取第一终端的型号与终端参数中的至少一个，设置并保存当前传输参数与型号和终端参数中的至少一个的对应关系。
本公开还提出一种系统级芯片，其特征在于，包括处理器、存储器以及存储在存储器上可在处理器上运行的程序，处理器执行程序时实现本公开提出的任一方法的步骤。
本公开还提出一种系统级芯片，其特征在于，包括本公开提出的任一的UART模块。
本公开提出了一种UART模块、UART模块传输参数的调节方法和系统级芯片，在当前传输参数与第一终端无法正常通信时，从备选传输参数作为当前传输参数，从而解决UART模块通信故障的问题。
附图说明
图1为本公开实施例中一种UART模块传输参数的调节方法；
图2为本公开实施例中一种UART模块与第一终端的示意图；
图3为本公开实施例中一种UART模块的结构示意图；
图4为本公开实施例中另一种UART模块传输参数的调节方法。
具体实施方式
为使本公开的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本公开具体实施例及相应的附图对本公开技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然，所描述的实施例仅是本公开一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本公开中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本公开保护的范围。
需要说明的是，本公开的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别类似的对象，而不必用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。应该理解这样使用的数据在适当情况下可以互换，以便这里描述的本公开的实施例能够以除了在这里图示或描述的那些以外的顺序实施。此外，术语“包括”和“具有”以及他们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含，例如，包含了一系列步骤或单元的过程、方法、系统、产品或设备不必限于清楚地列出的那些步骤或单元，而是可包括没有清楚地列出的或对于这些过程、方法、产品或设备固有的其它步骤或单元。
在相关技术中，当采用UART模块与例如电脑端进行通信连接时，需要将具有UART模块的芯片的传输参数调节至与相连的设备的传输参数相一致，才能进行正常传输，否则会产生乱码等通信错误。通常由用户手动一个参数一个参数进行调节，导致调节效率低，费时费力。
本公开提出一种UART模块传输参数的调节方法，以快速的确定UART模块的传输参数，节省调节器传输参数的时间。在本公开中UART模块与第一终端通信连接，具体例如可以是具有UART模块的芯片通过UART模块与电脑通信连接。如图1所示，本公开提出的方法，包括：S11：发送步骤、S12：接收步骤、S13：判断步骤和S14：调节步骤。
发送步骤包括：控制UART模块采用当前传输参数向第一终端发送原始数据，以使第一终端在接收到原始数据后将原始数据作为返回数据返回给UART模块；
接收步骤包括：控制UART模块接收返回数据；
判断步骤包括：判断返回数据与原始数据是否一致；
调节步骤包括：在返回数据与原始数据不一致的情况下，从尚未被选取过 的备选传输参数中选取一个备选传输参数作为UART模块的当前传输参数。
具体的，UART模块用于异步通信，可实现全双工传输和接收，UART模块在发送步骤所采用的当前传输参数在未被设置或更改的情况下，可以是上一次与外部设备进行通信时所采用的传输参数，也可以是UART模块预存的默认传输参数，或者任一用户设置的传输参数。此处的原始数据可以是任意数据，其可以预先存储在UART模块中，例如，可以在UART模块中增加1个或2个32位的寄存器，专门用于存储原始数据，原始数据可以专门用于通信测试以确定与第一终端匹配的传输参数。UART模块可以设置在一系统级芯片上，该系统级芯片将原始数据发送给第一终端，第一终端再将其作为返回数据进行返回。如果第一终端的设置参数和有UART模块的传输参数不相匹配，则第一终端接收到的原始数据会有乱码，第一终端将原始数据作为返回数据返回后，UART模块接收的返回数据中也会有乱码，这样返回数据与原始数据就将不一致，说明UART模块的传输参数与第一终端的设置参数不匹配，此时需要调节UART的传输参数，以保证UART模块能够与第一终端正常通信，此时从备选传输参数中选取一个备选传输参数，作为当前传输参数，并重复发送步骤、接收步骤和调节步骤，再次判断返回数据与原始数据是否相一致，如果仍然不一致，则从尚未被选取的备选传输参数中选取另一个备选传输参数作为当前传输参数，重复发送步骤、接收步骤和调节步骤，直到返回数据与原始数据相一致，则不再改变当前传输参数，此时当前传输参数与第一终端的设置参数相匹配，尚未被选取的备选传输参数是指尚未在调节步骤中被选取为当前传输参数的备选传输参数，本公开解决了相关技术中UART模块的通信故障问题。
在本公开中，传输参数包括：波特率、数据位、停止位和奇偶校验位中的一个或多个。UART模块采用异步串口通信协议，工作过程是将待传输数据的每个字符一位接一位地传输。起始位是先发出的一个逻辑“0”的信号，表示传输字符的开始。资料位是紧接着起始位之后的数据。资料位的个数可以是4、5、6、7、8等，构成一个字符，通常采用ASCII码。从最低位开始传送，靠时钟定位。奇偶校验位是资料位加上的一位，其用于使得“1”的位数应为偶数或奇数，以此来校验资料传送的正确性。停止位是一个字符数据的结束标志。可以是1位、1.5位、2位的高电平。由于数据是在传输线上定时的，并且每一个设备有其自 己的时钟，很可能在通信中两台设备间出现了小小的不同步。因此，停止位不仅仅是表示传输的结束，并且提供计算机校正时钟同步的机会。适用于停止位的位数越多，不同时钟同步的容忍程度越大，但是数据传输率同时也越慢。
在本公开提出的调节方法中，在发送步骤之前还包括：
预存步骤：统计各个传输参数的使用频率；获取使用频率最高的多个传输参数作为备选传输参数。
具体的，此处可以是预先通过大数据获取各个传输参数的使用频率，优选地是获取与第一终端的型号相匹配的各个传输参数的使用频率，即先按照第一终端的型号获取备选传输参数，然后统计备选传输参数的使用频率，可选的，所述预存步骤还包括：为所述备选传输参数设置对应的优先级；其中，所述备选传输参数的优先级与所述使用频率正相关。备选传输参数的优先级与使用频率正相关，即备选传输参数的使用频率越高，且对应的优先级越高。
可选的调节步骤包括：在所述返回数据与所述原始数据不一致的情况下，从尚未被选取过的备选传输参数中选取一个优先级最高的备选传输参数作为所述UART模块的当前传输参数。
具体的，此时从备选传输参数中选取一个优先级最高的备选传输参数，作为当前传输参数，并重复发送步骤、接收步骤和调节步骤，再次判断返回数据与原始数据是否相一致，如果仍然不一致，则从尚未被选取的备选传输参数中选取一个优先级最高的备选传输参数作为当前传输参数，重复发送步骤、接收步骤和调节步骤，直到返回数据与原始数据相一致，则不再改变当前传输参数，此时当前传输参数与第一终端的设置参数相匹配，尚未被选取的备选传输参数是指尚未在调节步骤中被选取为当前传输参数的备选传输参数，与相关技术相比，本实施例的特点在于预先为各个备选传输参数设置了优先级，当需要调节调节UART模块的传输参数时，按照优先级依次选用备选传输参数作为UART模块的当前传输参数，优先级可以是依照各个传输参数的使用频率确定的，即优先级高的备选传输参数是使用概率最高的传输参数，因此，可以节省用户调节传输参数的时间。
可选的，在本公开提出的调节方法中，原始数据包括第一原始数据和第二原始数据；发送步骤还包括：控制UART模块向第一终端循环发送第一原始数 据和第二原始数据；具体的，采用第一原始数据和第二原始数据循环发送是因为：UART模块原本是全双工工作的，如果只选用第一原始数据发送给第一终端，则需要等待第一终端返回，在第一终端传输返回数据的过程中UART模块只能等待，无法发送数据，造成时间上的浪费，如果UART模块连续发送相同的第一原始数据，每次发送第一原始数据时采用的传输参数不同，因为传输和接收必然是存在时间延迟的，也可能出现短暂的通讯中断造成数据丢失，在接收到的返回数据与第一原始数据相同的情况下，难以确定接收到的返回数据对应的传输参数，容易造成混乱。因此本公开中采用第一原始数据和第二原始数据循环传输的方式，假设中间某个数据丢失，则根据接收到的返回数据的类型可以确定丢失的数据是第一原始数据还是第二原始数据，例如：第一原始数据data1、第二原始数据为data2，UART模块发送依次发送data1、data2、data1、data2、data1、data2，而接收到的是data1、data2、data1、data1、data2，因为UART模块采用先进先出队列操作规则，因此可以确定丢失了第二次传输的data2，就能够确认丢失的data2对应的传输参数，如果始终发送data1那么当丢失了一个data1后，难以确认丢失的是哪一个data1以及对应的传输参数。
可选的，本公开提出的调节方法，还包括：存储步骤：在返回数据与原始数据相一致的情况下，获取第一终端的型号与终端参数中的至少一个，设置并保存当前传输参数与型号和终端参数中的至少一个的对应关系，即仅设置并保存当前传输参数与型号的对应关系，或者仅设置并保存当前传输参数与终端参数的对应关系，又或者设置并保存当前传输参数与终端参数的对应关系以及当前传输参数与型号的对应关系。本公开中每次调节了传输参数后，就为传输参数设置并保存对应的终端的型号和/或终端参数，这样一来，随着调节次数的增加，就可以得知各个终端对应的传输，在以后检测到相同的终端型号和/或终端参数时，就可以无需调节，直接选用对应的运行参数，以节省时间。
如图2所示，本公开还提出一种UART模块，UART模块与第一终端通信连接，包括：
发送单元10，用于采用当前传输参数向第一终端发送原始数据，以使第一终端在接收到原始数据后将原始数据作为返回数据返回给UART模块；
接收单元20，用于接收返回数据；
判断单元30，用于判断返回数据与原始数据是否一致；
调节单元40，用于在返回数据与原始数据不一致的情况下，从尚未被选取过的备选传输参数中选取一个备选传输参数作为UART模块的当前传输参数。在本实施例中，若果UART模块无法正常通信，则用备选传输参数替代当前传输参数，直到UART模块能够正常通信，从而解决了相关技术中UART模块的通信故障问题。
可选的，传输参数包括：波特率、数据位、停止位和奇偶校验位中的一个或多个。
可选的，本公开提出的UART模块，还包括：预存单元50，用于统计各个传输参数的使用频率；获取使用频率最高的多个传输参数作为备选传输参数。优选地，是获取与第一终端的型号相匹配的各个传输参数的使用频率，即先按照第一终端的型号获取备选传输参数，然后统计备选传输参数的使用频率。因为备选传输参数是使用频率最高的传输参数，因此可以节省调节时间。可选的，所述预存单元还用于：为所述备选传输参数设置对应的优先级；其中，所述备选传输参数的优先级与所述使用频率正相关。
可选的，调节单元用于：在返回数据与原始数据不一致的情况下，从尚未被选取过的备选传输参数中选取一个优先级最高的备选传输参数作为UART模块的当前传输参数。
与相关技术相比，本实施例的特点在于预先为各个备选传输参数设置了优先级，当需要调节调节UART模块的传输参数时，按照优先级依次选用备选传输参数作为UART模块的当前传输参数，优先级可以是依照各个传输参数的使用频率确定的，即优先级高的备选传输参数是使用概率最高的传输参数，因此，可以节省用户调节传输参数的时间。
可选的，原始数据包括第一原始数据和第二原始数据；发送单元10还用于向第一终端循环发送第一原始数据和第二原始数据。
可选的，本公开提出的UART模块，还包括：存储单元60，用于在返回数据与原始数据相一致的情况下，获取第一终端的型号与终端参数中的至少一个，设置并保存当前传输参数与型号和终端参数中的至少一个的对应关系，即仅设置并保存当前传输参数与型号的对应关系，或者仅设置并保存当前传输参数与 终端参数的对应关系，又或者设置并保存当前传输参数与终端参数的对应关系以及当前传输参数与型号的对应关系。本公开中调节单元每次调节了传输参数后，存储单元60就为传输参数设置并保存对应的终端的型号和/或终端参数，这样一来，随着调节次数的增加，就可以得知各个终端对应的传输，在以后检测到相同的终端型号和/或终端参数时，就可以无需调节，直接选用对应的运行参数，以节省时间。可以用键值对的形式保存上述对应关系，键值对的键为传输参数、键值对的值为对应的型号和/或终端参数。
为了更好的说明本公开的有益效果，以下提出一优选实施例。
图3为UART模块与第一终端的示意图，图4为图3中的UART模块调节传输参数时的工作流程图。
本实施例的UART模块与相关技术中的UART模块相比，在发送单元中增加了2个32位的数据寄存器，用于存放原始数据，增加了判断单元。
本实施例中的UART模块的寄存器可以通过总线进行配置。本实施例中UART模块为系统级芯片的一部分，系统级芯片通过UART模块连接第一终端，并在第一终端上打开串口调试程序。并将串口程序设置成回环模式。在调节传输参数时按照如下过程进行：
发送步骤：往两个数据寄存器写入两个原始数据DATA0、DATA1，往寄存器UART_BAUD，配置自动波特率匹配模式，原始数据DATA0、DATA1会通过发送模块从TX通道(传输通道)先后发出来
接收步骤：检测RX通道(接收通道)的数据(当RX通道检测到下降沿时，表明有数据)，用当前波特率的配置去采样RX信号。将接收到的前两笔数据存储在接收端的数据寄存器中，这两笔数据为：RCV_DATA0、RCV_DATA1。
判断步骤：将发送的数据与接收数据进行比较，如果DATA0＝RCV_DATA0，DATA1＝RCV_DATA1，则判断正确，并将当前的波特率配置作为运行时波特率配置，如果不等，则进入调节步骤。
调节步骤：检测失败后(即DATA0不等于RCV_DATA0或DATA1不等于RCV_DATA1，)，硬件会自动将之前存储的另一个波特率(备选传输参数)配置装载到相应的波特率寄存器UART_BAUD位置，并重复发送步骤、接收步骤和判断步骤。
本公开中，备选传输参数可以优选存储多个，其中按照优先级从高到低排序的前十个备选传输参数如下：
1)波特率115200，奇偶检验NONE，数据位8，停止位1；
2)波特率115200，奇偶校验NONE，数据位8，停止位2；
3)波特率9600，奇偶检验NONE，数据位8，停止位1；
4)波特率9600，奇偶校验NONE，数据位8，停止位2；
5)波特率19200，奇偶检验NONE，数据位8，停止位1；
6)波特率19200，奇偶校验NONE，数据位8，停止位2；
7)波特率38400，奇偶检验NONE，数据位8，停止位1；
8)波特率38400，奇偶校验NONE，数据位8，停止位2；
9)波特率57600，奇偶检验NONE，数据位8，停止位1；
10)波特率57600，奇偶校验NONE，数据位8，停止位2。
上述10个备选传输参数是实际工程上使用频率最高，应用范围最广的传输参数，先按照上述备选传输参数调节UART模块，可以尽可能的节省调节时间。
本公开还提出一种系统级芯片，包括处理器、存储器以及存储在存储器上可在处理器上运行的程序，处理器执行程序时实现本公开提出的任一方法的步骤。本公开还提出一种系统级芯片，包括本公开提出的任一的UART模块。
以上所述仅为本公开的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本公开，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本公开可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本公开的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本公开的保护范围之内。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种UART模块传输参数的调节方法，所述UART模块与第一终端通信连接，其特征在于，包括：
    发送步骤：所述UART模块采用当前传输参数向所述第一终端发送原始数据，以使所述第一终端在接收到所述原始数据后将所述原始数据作为返回数据返回给所述UART模块；
    接收步骤：所述UART模块接收所述返回数据；
    判断步骤：判断所述返回数据与所述原始数据是否一致；
    调节步骤：在所述返回数据与所述原始数据不一致的情况下，从尚未被选取过的备选传输参数中选取一个所述备选传输参数作为所述UART模块的当前传输参数。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的UART模块传输参数的调节方法，其特征在于，
    所述传输参数包括：波特率、数据位、停止位和奇偶校验位中的一个或多个。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的UART模块传输参数的调节方法，其特征在于，在所述发送步骤之前还包括：
    预存步骤：统计各个传输参数的使用频率；获取使用频率最高的多个所述传输参数作为所述备选传输参数。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的UART模块传输参数的调节方法，其特征在于，所述预存步骤还包括：
    为所述备选传输参数设置对应的优先级；
    其中，所述备选传输参数的优先级与所述使用频率正相关。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的UART模块传输参数的调节方法，其特征在于，所述调节步骤还包括：在所述返回数据与所述原始数据不一致的情况下，从尚未被选取过的所述备选传输参数中选取一个优先级最高的所述备选传输参数作为所述UART模块的当前传输参数。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的UART模块传输参数的调节方法，其特征在于，所述原始数据包括第一原始数据和第二原始数据；
    所述发送步骤还包括：所述UART模块向所述第一终端循环发送所述第一原始数据和所述第二原始数据。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的UART模块传输参数的调节方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    存储步骤：在所述返回数据与所述原始数据相一致情况下，获取所述第一终端的型号与终端参数中的至少一个，设置并保存所述当前传输参数与所述型号和所述终端参数中的至少一个的对应关系。
  8. 一种UART模块，所述UART模块与第一终端通信连接，其特征在于，包括：
    发送单元，用于采用当前传输参数向所述第一终端发送原始数据，以使所述第一终端在接收到所述原始数据后将所述原始数据作为返回数据返回给所述UART模块；
    接收单元，用于接收所述返回数据；
    判断单元，用于判断所述返回数据与所述原始数据是否一致；
    调节单元，用于在所述返回数据与所述原始数据不一致的情况下，从尚未被选取过的备选传输参数中选取一个所述备选传输参数作为所述UART模块的当前传输参数。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的UART模块，其特征在于，
    所述传输参数包括：波特率、数据位、停止位和奇偶校验位中的一个或多个。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的UART模块，其特征在于，还包括：
    预存单元，用于统计各个传输参数的使用频率；获取使用频率最高的多个所述传输参数作为所述备选传输参数。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的UART模块，其特征在于，所述预存单元还用于：
    为所述备选传输参数设置对应的优先级；
    其中，所述备选传输参数的优先级与所述使用频率正相关。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的UART模块，其特征在于，所述调节单元用于：在所述返回数据与所述原始数据不一致的情况下，从尚未被选取过的所述备选传输参数中选取一个优先级最高的所述备选传输参数作为所述UART模块的当前传输参数。
  13. 根据权利要求8所述的UART模块，其特征在于，所述原始数据包括第 一原始数据和第二原始数据；
    所述发送单元还用于向所述第一终端循环发送所述第一原始数据和所述第二原始数据。
  14. 根据权利要求8-13任一项所述的UART模块，其特征在于，还包括：
    存储单元，用于在所述返回数据与所述原始数据相一致情况下，获取所述第一终端的型号与终端参数中的至少一个，设置并保存所述当前传输参数与所述型号和所述终端参数中的至少一个的对应关系。
  15. 一种系统级芯片，其特征在于，包括处理器、存储器以及存储在存储器上可在处理器上运行的程序，所述处理器执行所述程序时实现权利要求1-7任一所述方法的步骤。
  16. 一种系统级芯片，其特征在于，包括如权利要求8-14任一所述的UART模块。
PCT/CN2019/110181 2019-01-03 2019-10-09 Uart模块、uart模块传输参数的调节方法和系统级芯片 WO2020140525A1 (zh)

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