WO2020134362A1 - 一种天线、天线阵列和基站 - Google Patents

一种天线、天线阵列和基站 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020134362A1
WO2020134362A1 PCT/CN2019/110988 CN2019110988W WO2020134362A1 WO 2020134362 A1 WO2020134362 A1 WO 2020134362A1 CN 2019110988 W CN2019110988 W CN 2019110988W WO 2020134362 A1 WO2020134362 A1 WO 2020134362A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
substrate
feeding
antenna
vibrator unit
symmetry
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2019/110988
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘见传
岳月华
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
AAC Technologies Holdings Shenzhen Co Ltd
AAC Technologies Pte Ltd
Original Assignee
AAC Acoustic Technologies Shenzhen Co Ltd
AAC Technologies Pte Ltd
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Publication date
Application filed by AAC Acoustic Technologies Shenzhen Co Ltd, AAC Technologies Pte Ltd filed Critical AAC Acoustic Technologies Shenzhen Co Ltd
Publication of WO2020134362A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020134362A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
    • H01Q21/245—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction provided with means for varying the polarisation 
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/246—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for base stations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/108—Combination of a dipole with a plane reflecting surface
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/08—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along or adjacent to a rectilinear path
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/20—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along or adjacent to a curvilinear path
    • H01Q21/205—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along or adjacent to a curvilinear path providing an omnidirectional coverage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
    • H01Q21/26—Turnstile or like antennas comprising arrangements of three or more elongated elements disposed radially and symmetrically in a horizontal plane about a common centre
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
    • H01Q9/0428—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna radiating a circular polarised wave
    • H01Q9/0435—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna radiating a circular polarised wave using two feed points
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
    • H01Q9/0464—Annular ring patch

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present application relate to the technical field of communications, and in particular, to an antenna, an antenna array, and a base station.
  • Massive MIMO increases the flexibility of network coverage. Operators can use the horizontal and vertical coverage features of Massive MIMO to provide coverage in different scenarios.
  • Massive MIMO is expected to help operators use machine flexible billing policies to attract users, provide an unparalleled user experience, stimulate user data consumption, obtain traffic revenue, and increase operator revenue.
  • Massive MIMO is compatible with 4G terminals, and operators can now benefit from 4G network deployment. At the same time, it also supports the evolution of 5G-oriented networks to maintain and enhance the return on existing investments.
  • the purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide an antenna, an antenna array, and a base station, so that an antenna array composed of such an antenna structure can increase the spectrum efficiency of the base station.
  • each pair of vibrator units includes a radiating part and a feeding part feeding the radiating part ;
  • the radiating part includes a radiating substrate and two spaced and symmetrical radiators disposed on the surface of the radiating substrate
  • the feeding part includes a feeding substrate and a ground provided on one side surface of the feeding substrate and a second side surface provided on the feeding substrate Microstrip line
  • the radiation substrate and the feed substrate are vertical and connected, and the ground is connected with the radiator, and the microstrip line is spaced and coupled with the radiator.
  • Embodiments of the present application also provide an antenna array, including at least one of the above antennas.
  • Embodiments of the present application also provide a base station, including the above-mentioned antenna array.
  • the embodiments of the present application have two pairs of vibrator units with orthogonal polarizations and the same structure.
  • the radiating part includes two radiators and a dual-polarized antenna
  • the isolation is better, and the microstrip line is provided on the feed substrate of the antenna, so that the antenna can effectively receive signals in both horizontal and vertical directions, the antenna performance is better, and the antenna array obtained according to the antenna can achieve greater data Traffic, because each antenna can receive and transmit radio frequency signals, and the antenna array includes multiple antennas, which makes the data connection of the terminal equipment more reliable. Due to the simple structure of the antenna, it is easy to install the antenna array on the base station. To increase the flexibility of network coverage in the base station.
  • the two pairs of vibrator units include a first vibrator unit and a second vibrator unit.
  • the radiators of the first vibrator unit and the second vibrator unit are disposed on the same surface of the same radiation substrate.
  • the first symmetry axis is symmetrical to each other
  • the two radiators of the second vibrator unit are symmetrical to each other about a second symmetry axis
  • the first symmetry axis and the second symmetry axis are perpendicular
  • each radiator of the first vibrator unit is symmetrical about the second
  • the axis has an axisymmetric structure
  • each radiator of the second vibrator unit has an axisymmetric structure with respect to the first axis of symmetry.
  • the orthographic projection of the feeder substrate of the first vibrator unit on the radiation substrate is pressed against the second symmetry axis
  • the orthographic projection of the feeder substrate of the second vibrator unit on the radiation substrate is pressed against the first symmetry axis.
  • each feeder section further includes a feeder port provided at an end of the feeder substrate away from the radiation substrate.
  • the microstrip line of each feeder section includes a first stripline extending from the feeder port toward the radiation substrate and a self-feeding port. An end of the first strip line away from the feed port is along a second strip line extending parallel to the direction of the radiation substrate and a third strip line extending from the end of the second strip line away from the first strip line toward the direction away from the radiation substrate.
  • Each radiator includes a conductive area and a non-conductive hollow area opened in the conductive area.
  • the conductive area includes a right-angled triangle near the center point and a right-angled triangle The two right-angled sides of the two extending parts extend away from the center point, the arc part connecting the two extending parts, and the expansion part extending from the center of the arc part away from the center point.
  • the ground is connected to the right triangle.
  • the radiation substrate and the feed substrate are engaged and connected.
  • an antenna designed in the present application realizes orthogonal dual polarization and high gain through two cross-arranged vibrator units.
  • the antenna has a simple structure, a low profile, and is easy to be arrayed on a base station Setting this antenna increases the flexibility of network coverage in the base station.
  • 1 is a side view of the antenna in the first embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is another exploded view of the antenna in the first embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of the power feeding section of the antenna in the first embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a structural diagram of a radiation portion of an antenna in the first embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is a structural diagram of an antenna array in a second embodiment of the present application.
  • the first embodiment of the present application relates to an antenna, including: two pairs of vibrator units with orthogonal polarizations and the same structure, each pair of vibrator units includes a radiating portion and a feeding portion that feeds the radiating portion; the radiating portion includes radiation Substrate and two symmetrical radiators spaced from each other on the surface of the radiation substrate, the feeder includes a feeder substrate and a ground provided on one surface of the feeder substrate and a microstrip line provided on the other surface of the feeder substrate ; The radiation substrate and the feed substrate are vertical and connected, the ground is connected with the radiator, and the microstrip line is spaced and coupled with the radiator.
  • the two vibrator units are named as the first vibrator unit and the second vibrator unit respectively, and the structures of the first vibrator unit and the second vibrator unit are the same.
  • the radiation part 1 of the first vibrator unit includes a radiation substrate 10 and first and second radiators 11 and 12 provided on the radiation substrate 10, and the feeder 2 includes a first The feed substrate 21 and the ground 22 and the microstrip line 24 provided on both sides of the first feed substrate 21, respectively.
  • the radiation section 1 of the second vibrator unit includes a third radiator 13 and a fourth radiator 14, and the power feeding section 2 includes a second power feeding substrate 31 and a ground 32 and a microstrip provided on both sides of the second power feeding substrate 31, respectively Line 34. It should be noted that in this embodiment, the first vibrator unit and the second vibrator unit share the same radiation substrate 10.
  • the feed substrates of the first vibrator unit and the second vibrator unit are engaged with each other.
  • a long slit 210 is provided on the first feed substrate 21
  • a short slit 310 is provided on the second feed substrate 31
  • the long slit 213 is engaged with the short slit 323 so that the first vibrator unit and the second vibrator unit form orthogonal Connection mode.
  • the radiating substrate and the feeding substrate of each vibrator unit are connected in a snap-fit manner.
  • both the first feeding substrate 21 and the second feeding substrate 31 are provided with a convex structure
  • the radiation substrate 10 is provided with an engaging opening.
  • the shape of the engaging opening is complementary to the shape of the convex structure.
  • the radiation substrate 10 and the first A power feeding substrate 21 and a second power feeding substrate 31 are engaged and connected.
  • the raised structures on the first feed substrate 21 include a first raised structure 211 and a second raised structure 212; the raised structures on the second feed substrate 31 include a third raised structure 311 and a fourth raised structure 312.
  • the engaging openings on the radiation substrate 10 include a first engaging opening 111, a second engaging opening 121, a third engaging opening 131, and a fourth engaging opening 141.
  • the radiators of the first vibrator unit and the second vibrator unit are both disposed on the surface of the radiation substrate 10, and the first radiator 11 and the second radiator 12 of the first vibrator unit are about
  • the first symmetry axis 1' is symmetrical to each other
  • the third radiator 13 and the fourth radiator 14 of the second vibrator unit are symmetrical to each other about a second symmetry axis 2'
  • each radiator of the first vibrator unit has an axisymmetric structure about the second axis of symmetry 2'
  • each radiator of the second vibrator unit has an axisymmetric structure about the first axis of symmetry 1'.
  • the intersection of the first axis of symmetry 1'and the second axis of symmetry 2' is the center point O.
  • the orthographic projection of the first feeder substrate 21 of the first vibrator unit on the radiation substrate 10 is pressed against the second axis of symmetry 2 ′, and the second feeder substrate 31 of the second vibrator unit on the radiation substrate 10 The orthographic projection is pressed against the first axis of symmetry 1'.
  • the structure of the radiating portion 1 of the first vibrator unit and the second vibrator unit is the same.
  • the first radiator 11 includes a conductive area and a non-conductive hollow area opened in the conductive area.
  • the conductive area includes a right-angled triangular portion 41 near the center point O, two extending portions 42 extending from the two right-angle sides of the right-angled triangular portion 41 away from the center point, a circular arc portion 43 connecting the two extending portions 42 and The center of the arc portion extends toward the extension 44 away from the center point.
  • each power feeding section 2 further includes a The feeding port 214 at one end of the radiation substrate 10, the microstrip line 24 of the feeding section 2 includes a first strip line 241 extending from the feeding port 214 toward the radiation substrate 10, and away from the feeding port 214 from the first strip line 241 An end of the second strip line 242 extending parallel to the direction of the radiation substrate 10 and a third strip line 243 extending from the end of the second strip line 242 away from the first strip line 241 to the direction away from the radiation substrate 10.
  • the polarizations of the first oscillator unit and the second oscillator unit are orthogonal.
  • the first vibrator unit and the second vibrator unit adopt ⁇ 45° orthogonal polarization to ensure better isolation.
  • an antenna designed in the present application realizes orthogonal dual polarization and high gain through two cross-arranged vibrator units.
  • the antenna has a simple structure, a low profile, and is easy to be arrayed on a base station Setting this antenna increases the flexibility of network coverage in the base station.
  • the second embodiment of the present application relates to an antenna array, and the structure of the antenna array is shown in FIG. 12.
  • the antenna array includes several antennas according to the first embodiment, forming a large-scale antenna array. And in the antenna array, the antennas of each column are staggered to save space.
  • the third embodiment of the present application relates to a base station including the antenna array in the above-mentioned second embodiment.
  • the embodiments provided in this application are applicable to the field of wireless mobile communication base stations, and can also be applied to receiving and transmitting devices of various wireless communication systems, which are not specifically limited.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)

Abstract

本申请实施例涉及通讯技术领域，公开了一种天线、天线阵列和基站。该天线包括两对极化方式正交且结构相同的振子单元，每对振子单元包括辐射部和为所述辐射部馈电的馈电部；所述辐射部包括辐射基板和设置于所述辐射基板表面的两个相互间隔且对称的辐射体，所述馈电部包括馈电基板和设置于所述馈电基板一侧表面的地和设置于所述馈电基板另一侧表面的微带线；所述辐射基板和所述馈电基板垂直并相接，所述地与所述辐射体相接，所述微带线与所述辐射体间隔且耦合。本申请中，使得这种天线结构组成的天线阵列，能够增加基站的频谱效率。

Description

一种天线、天线阵列和基站 技术领域
本申请实施例涉及通讯技术领域，特别涉及一种天线、天线阵列和基站。
 背景技术
工信部向中国电信、中国移动、中国联通发放了5G系统中低频段试验频率使用许可。其中，中国移动获得频段2.515-2.685GHz和4.8-5GHz，中国电信和中国联通获得频段3.4-3.6GHz。这充分体现了我国大力支持5G国际标准、技术验证以及加速推进5G产业发展的决心。而大规模多输入多输出（Massive MIMO）天线技术无疑是5G系统中的最关键的技术之一。
采用大规模天线，可以显著增加频谱效率，尤其在容量需求较大或者覆盖范围较广时，它可以使4G网络满足网络增长需求。从运营商的角度看，这项技术具有较好的前景，因此应当提前在5G硬件中实施，并通过软件升级来提供5G空中接口功能，以促进5G的部署。
大规模多输入多输出（Massive MIMO）技术具有以下优点：
采用Massive MIMO天线阵列，频谱效率比普通宏基站增加3到5倍。
Massive MIMO增加了网络覆盖的灵活性，运营商可以利用Massive MIMO的水平和垂直覆盖特性来提供不同场景下的覆盖。
采用惊人的高容量增益，Massive MIMO有望帮助运营商使用机器灵活的计费政策来吸引用户，提供无与伦比的用户体验，刺激用户数据消费，获得话务收益，增加运营商收入。
Massive MIMO与4G终端兼容，运营商现在就可以从4G网络部署中获取收益。同时，它还支持面向5G的网络演进，从而保持和提升现有投资的回报。
 技术问题
可见，为了实现上述Massive MIMO的技术优势，如何设计Massive MIMO天线是现在亟待解决的技术问题。
需要说明的是，在上述背景技术部分公开的信息仅用于加强对本公开的背景的理解，因此可以包括不构成对本领域普通技术人员已知的现有技术的信息。
 技术解决方案
本申请实施方式的目的在于提供一种天线、天线阵列和基站，使得这种天线结构组成的天线阵列，能够增加基站的频谱效率。
为解决上述技术问题，本申请的实施方式提供了一种天线，包括：两对极化方式正交且结构相同的振子单元，每对振子单元包括辐射部和为辐射部馈电的馈电部；
辐射部包括辐射基板和设置于辐射基板表面的两个相互间隔且对称的辐射体，馈电部包括馈电基板和设置于馈电基板一侧表面的地和设置于馈电基板另一侧表面的微带线；
辐射基板和馈电基板垂直并相接，地与辐射体相接，微带线与辐射体间隔且耦合。
本申请的实施方式还提供了一种天线阵列，包括至少一个的上述天线。
本申请的实施方式还提供了一种基站，包括上述的天线阵列。
本申请实施方式相对于现有技术而言，两对极化方式正交且结构相同的振子单元，每个正交极化的振子单元中，辐射部包括两个辐射体，双极化的天线隔离度更好，且天线的馈电基板上设置微带线，使得天线在水平和垂直方向上均能够有效接收信号，天线的性能更好，根据该天线得到的天线阵列能够实现更大的数据流量，由于每个天线均可接收和发射射频信号，且天线阵列中包括多个的天线，使终端设备的数据连接更可靠，由于该天线结构简单，易于在基站上设置该天线阵阵列，增加了基站中网络覆盖的灵活性。
另外，两对振子单元包括第一振子单元和第二振子单元，第一振子单元和第二振子单元的辐射体设置于同一辐射基板的同一表面上，第一振子单元的两个辐射体关于一第一对称轴相互对称，第二振子单元的两个辐射体关于一第二对称轴相互对称，第一对称轴和第二对称轴垂直，且第一振子单元的每个辐射体关于第二对称轴呈轴对称结构，第二振子单元的每个辐射体关于第一对称轴呈轴对称结构。
另外，第一振子单元的馈电基板在辐射基板上的正投影压合于第二对称轴，第二振子单元的馈电基板在辐射基板上的正投影压合于第一对称轴。
另外，每个馈电部还包括设于馈电基板远离辐射基板一端的馈电端口，每个馈电部的微带线包括自馈电端口向靠近辐射基板方向延伸的第一带线、自第一带线远离馈电端口的一端沿平行于辐射基板方向延伸的第二带线和自第二带线远离第一带线的一端向远离辐射基板方向延伸的第三带线。
另外，第一对称轴和第二对称轴的交点为中心点，每个辐射体包括导电区和开设于导电区的非导电镂空区，导电区包括临近中心点的直角三角部、自直角三角部的两直角边向远离中心点方向延伸的两个延伸部、连接连个延伸部的圆弧部以及自圆弧部的中央向远离中心点方向延伸的扩充部。
另外，地与直角三角部连接。
另外，辐射基板和馈电基板卡合相接。
另外，两个振子单元的馈电基板卡合相接。
 有益效果
相对于现有技术而言，本申请设计的一种天线，通过两个交叉设置的振子单元，实现了正交双极化和高增益，同时该天线结构简单，剖面低，易于在基站上阵列设置该天线，增加了基站中网络覆盖的灵活性。
 附图说明
一个或多个实施例通过与之对应的附图中的图片进行示例性说明，这些示例性说明并不构成对实施例的限定，附图中具有相同参考数字标号的元件表示为类似的元件，除非有特别申明，附图中的图不构成比例限制。
图1是本申请第一实施方式中天线的侧视图；
图2是本申请第一实施方式中天线的分解图；
图3是本申请第一实施方式中天线的另一分解图；
图4是本申请第一实施方式中天线的馈电部的结构图；
图5是本申请第一实施方式中天线的辐射部的结构图；
图6是本申请第一实施方式中耦合馈电部的天线振子的隔离度；
图7是本申请第一实施方式中耦合馈电部的反射系数；
图8是本申请第一实施方式中天线的第一振子单元的在Phi=45°平面的方向图；
图9是本申请第一实施方式中天线的第一振子单元的在Phi=135°平面的方向图；
图10是本申请第一实施方式中天线的第二振子单元的在Phi=135°平面的方向图；
图11是本申请第一实施方式中天线的第二振子单元的在Phi=45°平面的方向图；
图12是本申请第二实施方式中天线阵列的结构图。
 本发明的实施方式
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本申请的各实施方式进行详细的阐述。然而，本领域的普通技术人员可以理解，在本申请各实施方式中，为了使读者更好地理解本申请而提出了许多技术细节。但是，即使没有这些技术细节和基于以下各实施方式的种种变化和修改，也可以实现本申请所要求保护的技术方案。
需要说明的是，本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别类似的对象，而不必用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。
本申请的第一实施方式涉及一种天线，包括：两对极化方式正交且结构相同的振子单元，每对振子单元包括辐射部和为辐射部馈电的馈电部；辐射部包括辐射基板和设置于辐射基板表面的两个相互间隔且对称的辐射体，馈电部包括馈电基板和设置于馈电基板一侧表面的地和设置于馈电基板另一侧表面的微带线；辐射基板和馈电基板垂直并相接，地与辐射体相接，微带线与辐射体间隔且耦合。
为了方便说明，以下将两个振子单元分别命名为第一振子单元和第二振子单元，第一振子单元和第二振子单元的结构相同。
具体的，如图1-4所示，第一振子单元的辐射部1包括辐射基板10和设置在辐射基板10上的第一辐射体11和第二辐射体12，馈电部2包括第一馈电基板21和分别设置在第一馈电基板21两侧的地22和微带线24。第二振子单元的辐射部1包括第三辐射体13和第四辐射体14，馈电部2包括第二馈电基板31和分别设置在第二馈电基板31两侧的地32和微带线34。需要说明的是，本实施方式中，第一振子单元和第二振子单元共用一个辐射基板10。
一个具体实施中，第一振子单元和第二振子单元的馈电基板卡合相接。第一馈电基板21上设置一长缝210，第二馈电基板31上设置一短缝310，长缝213与短缝323卡合连接，使得第一振子单元和第二振子单元形成正交的卡合连接方式。
需要说明的是，通过在第一馈电基板21上设置长缝213在第二馈电基板31上设置短缝313的正交卡合的方式，仅是示例说明，具体还可根据第一馈电基板21和第二馈电基板31的结构特性设置其他形式的卡合方式，此处不做具体限制。
一个具体实施中，每个振子单元的辐射基板和馈电基板卡合连接。如图2，第一馈电基板21和第二馈电基板31上均设置有凸起结构，辐射基板10上设置卡合口，卡合口的形状与凸起结构的形状互补，辐射基板10和第一馈电基板21、第二馈电基板31卡合相接。第一馈电基板21上的凸起结构包括第一凸起结构211和第二凸起结构212；第二馈电基板31上的凸起结构包括第三凸起结构311和第四凸起结构312。相应的，辐射基板10上的卡合口包括第一卡合口111、第二卡合口121、第三卡合口131、第四卡合口141。
具体实施中，如图5所示，第一振子单元和第二振子单元的辐射体均设置于辐射基板10的表面上，第一振子单元的第一辐射体11和第二辐射体12关于一第一对称轴1’相互对称，第二振子单元的第三辐射体13和第四辐射体14关于一第二对称轴2’相互对称，第一对称轴1’和第二对称轴2’垂直，且第一振子单元的每个辐射体关于第二对称轴2’呈轴对称结构，第二振子单元的每个辐射体关于第一对称轴1’呈轴对称结构。第一对称轴1’和第二对称轴2’的交点为中心点O。
具体实施中，第一振子单元的第一馈电基板21在辐射基板10上的正投影压合于第二对称轴2’，第二振子单元的第二馈电基板31在辐射基板10上的正投影压合于第一对称轴1’。
具体实施中，第一振子单元和第二振子单元的辐射部1结构相同，以第一辐射体11为例，第一辐射体11包括导电区和开设于导电区的非导电镂空区。其中，导电区包括临近中心点O的直角三角部41、自直角三角部41的两直角边向远离中心点方向延伸的两个延伸部42、连接连个延伸部42的圆弧部43以及自圆弧部的中央向远离中心点方向延伸的扩充部44。
具体实施中，第一振子单元和第二振子单元的馈电部2结构相同，如图4，以第一振子单元的馈电部为例，每馈电部2还包括设于馈电基板远离辐射基板10一端的馈电端口214，馈电部2的微带线24包括自馈电端口214向靠近辐射基板10方向延伸的第一带线241、自第一带线241远离馈电端口214的一端沿平行于辐射基板10方向延伸的第二带线242和自第二带线242远离第一带线241的一端向远离辐射基板10方向延伸的第三带线243。
具体实施中，第一振子单元和第二振子单元极化正交。例如，第一振子单元和第二振子单元采用±45°正交极化方式，以保证较优的隔离度。
上述天线的性能如图6-11所示，从图中可看出，该天线可覆盖3.4-3.8GHz频段，且具有较高的增益。
需要说明的是，以上仅为举例说明，并不对本申请的技术方案构成限定。
相对于现有技术而言，本申请设计的一种天线，通过两个交叉设置的振子单元，实现了正交双极化和高增益，同时该天线结构简单，剖面低，易于在基站上阵列设置该天线，增加了基站中网络覆盖的灵活性。
本申请第二实施方式涉及一种天线阵列，该天线阵列的结构如图12所示。该天线阵列中包括了若干第一实施方式涉及的天线，形成了大规模天线阵列。且该天线阵列中，各列的天线交错布局，节约空间。
本申请第三实施方式涉及一种基站，该基站包括上述第二实施方式中的天线阵列。
本申请提供的实施例适用于无线移动通信基站领域，还可应用于各类无线通信系统的接收和发射设备中，具体不做限定。
本领域的普通技术人员可以理解，上述各实施方式是实现本申请的具体实施例，而在实际应用中，可以在形式上和细节上对其作各种改变，而不偏离本申请的精神和范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种天线，其特征在于，包括两对极化方式正交且结构相同的振子单元，每对振子单元包括辐射部和为所述辐射部馈电的馈电部；
    所述辐射部包括辐射基板和设置于所述辐射基板表面的两个相互间隔且对称的辐射体，所述馈电部包括馈电基板和设置于所述馈电基板一侧表面的地和设置于所述馈电基板另一侧表面的微带线；
    所述辐射基板和所述馈电基板垂直并相接，所述地与所述辐射体相接，所述微带线与所述辐射体间隔且耦合。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的天线，其特征在于，两对所述振子单元包括第一振子单元和第二振子单元，所述第一振子单元和所述第二振子单元的所述辐射体设置于同一辐射基板的同一表面上，所述第一振子单元的两个所述辐射体关于一第一对称轴相互对称，所述第二振子单元的两个所述辐射体关于一第二对称轴相互对称，所述第一对称轴和所述第二对称轴垂直，且所述第一振子单元的每个辐射体关于所述第二对称轴呈轴对称结构，所述第二振子单元的每个辐射体关于所述第一对称轴呈轴对称结构。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的天线，其特征在于，所述第一振子单元的所述馈电基板在所述辐射基板上的正投影压合于所述第二对称轴，所述第二振子单元的所述馈电基板在所述辐射基板上的正投影压合于所述第一对称轴。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的天线，其特征在于，每个所述馈电部还包括设于所述馈电基板远离所述辐射基板一端的馈电端口，每个所述馈电部的所述微带线包括自所述馈电端口向靠近所述辐射基板方向延伸的第一带线、自所述第一带线远离所述馈电端口的一端沿平行于所述辐射基板方向延伸的第二带线和自所述第二带线远离所述第一带线的一端向远离所述辐射基板方向延伸的第三带线。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的天线，其特征在于，所述第一对称轴和所述第二对称轴的交点为中心点，每个所述辐射体包括导电区和开设于所述导电区的非导电镂空区，所述导电区包括临近所述中心点的直角三角部、自所述直角三角部的两直角边向远离所述中心点方向延伸的两个延伸部、连接连个所述延伸部的圆弧部以及自所述圆弧部的中央向远离所述中心点方向延伸的扩充部。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的天线，其特征在于，所述地与所述直角三角部连接。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的天线，其特征在于，所述辐射基板和所述馈电基板卡合相接。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的天线，其特征在于，两个所述振子单元的所述馈电基板卡合相接。
  9. 一种天线阵列，其特征在于，包括至少一个如上述权利要求1-8任一项所述的天线。
  10. 一种基站，其特征在于，包括如权利要求9所述的天线阵列。
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CN207883897U (zh) * 2017-11-08 2018-09-18 罗森伯格技术（昆山）有限公司 一种宽频基站天线辐射单元
CN110011027A (zh) * 2018-12-28 2019-07-12 瑞声科技(新加坡)有限公司 一种天线、天线阵列和基站

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US20240204831A1 (en) * 2018-02-26 2024-06-20 Parallel Wireless, Inc. Miniature Antenna Array With Polar Combining Architecture
US12381604B2 (en) * 2018-02-26 2025-08-05 Parallel Wireless, Inc. Miniature antenna array with polar combining architecture
EP4207488A4 (en) * 2020-09-21 2024-03-06 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Antenna structure and electronic device comprising same
US12463320B2 (en) 2020-09-21 2025-11-04 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Antenna structure and electronic device comprising same

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