WO2020134029A1

WO2020134029A1 - Antenna and unmanned aerial vehicle

Info

Publication number: WO2020134029A1
Application number: PCT/CN2019/095926
Authority: WO
Inventors: 谭杰洪
Original assignee: 深圳市道通智能航空技术有限公司
Priority date: 2018-12-27
Filing date: 2019-07-15
Publication date: 2020-07-02
Also published as: CN109494450A; CN109494450B

Abstract

Embodiments of the present invention disclose an antenna and an unmanned aerial vehicle. The antenna is disposed inside the unmanned aerial vehicle, and comprises an antenna top plate, a feed unit, a ground unit, and a ground plate. One end of the feed unit is connected to the antenna top plate, and another end of the feed unit serves as a feed end. One end of the ground unit is connected to the antenna top plate, and another end of the ground unit is connected to the ground plate. The ground plate and the antenna top plate are parallel to each other. The technique disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention is used to reduce the size of an antenna and increase the bandwidth thereof, such that the antenna can be installed in the interior of an unmanned aerial vehicle.

Description

Antenna and unmanned aerial vehicle

Related applications cross reference

The application requires the priority of the Chinese patent application filed on December 27, 2018 with the application number 201811611352.5 and the application name "An Antenna and Unmanned Aerial Vehicle", the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference in this application.

Technical field

The embodiments of the present invention relate to the technical field of antennas, and in particular, to an antenna and an unmanned aerial vehicle.

Background technique

The antenna is a communication element used to transmit or receive electromagnetic waves, and is widely used in wireless communication electronic equipment. With the rise of robots and unmanned aerial vehicles, antennas continue to develop in the direction of miniaturization. The microstrip antenna is an antenna formed by attaching a conductor patch on a dielectric substrate with a ground plate. The coaxial line feed is used to excite the electromagnetic field between the conductor patch and the ground plate. The gap is used to radiate outwards and has a low profile. , Small size, light weight, low cost, flexible and diverse design and other advantages.

The existing antennas installed on the UAV are generally 2.4 GHz and/or 5.8 GHz microstrip antennas. At present, 900M antennas and similar low-frequency antennas are gradually being applied to drones due to their good receiving gain and anti-jamming capability. However, this type of antenna has a large size and can only be placed outside the drone. Its use has been affected to some extent.

Summary of the invention

The technical problem mainly solved by the embodiments of the present invention is to provide an antenna and an unmanned aerial vehicle, which reduces the size of the antenna and increases the bandwidth of the antenna, and can be installed inside the unmanned aerial vehicle.

A technical solution adopted by the present invention is: in a first aspect, an antenna is provided, the antenna is disposed inside an unmanned aerial vehicle, and the antenna includes:

Antenna top plate;

Ground plate

A feeding unit, one end of the feeding unit is connected to the antenna top plate, and the other end of the feeding unit is a feeding terminal; and

A ground unit, one end of the ground unit is connected to the antenna top plate, the other end of the ground unit is connected to the ground plate, and the ground plate and the antenna top plate are parallel to each other.

Optionally, the antenna further includes a metal expansion piece perpendicular to the ground plate, and a gap is provided between the metal expansion piece and the antenna top plate.

In an embodiment, the antenna includes a plurality of metal expansion pieces, and the plurality of metal expansion pieces are evenly arranged along the outer periphery of the antenna top plate.

Optionally, the antenna further includes a coaxial line, the coaxial line includes an outer conductor and an inner conductor, the inner conductor is connected to the feeding end of the feeding unit, and the outer conductor is connected to the floor.

In an embodiment, the antenna further includes a substrate;

Wherein, the ground plate is provided with a first through hole, the substrate is correspondingly provided with a second through hole, and the feeding end of the feeding unit is located in the first through hole and the second through hole .

Optionally, the antenna top plate and the feeding unit are vertically connected.

Optionally, the antenna top plate is a round top plate, a rectangular top plate, an elliptical top plate or a hexagonal top plate.

In an embodiment, the ground unit includes two ground coupling pins, and the two ground coupling pins are respectively disposed on both sides of the antenna top plate.

Optionally, the antenna (100) is a 900MHz microstrip antenna.

In a second aspect, an unmanned aerial vehicle is provided, including:

body;

The arm connected to the fuselage;

A power assembly provided on the arm, the power assembly including a motor and a propeller connected to the motor; and

The antenna as described above provided inside the fuselage or inside the arm;

Wherein, when the UAV is flying horizontally, the antenna top plate of the antenna faces the ground.

The beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present invention are: different from the situation in the prior art, the antenna of the embodiments of the present invention includes an antenna top plate, a feed unit, a ground unit, and a ground plate, wherein one end of the feed unit is connected to the antenna top plate, feeding The other end of the electric unit is the feeding end, the antenna top plate and the feeding unit form a single-stage sub-antenna structure; one end of the ground unit is connected to the antenna top plate, the other end of the ground unit is connected to the ground plate, and the ground plate and the antenna top plate are arranged parallel to each other , By adopting the form of monopole antenna deformation, adding the antenna top plate and grounding unit, reducing the size of the antenna, especially reducing the height of the antenna, achieving the miniaturization of the antenna, enabling it to be installed inside the unmanned aerial vehicle, further Ground, the presence of the ground unit can also increase the bandwidth of the antenna.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION

One or more embodiments are exemplified by the pictures in the corresponding drawings. These exemplary descriptions do not limit the embodiments. Elements with the same reference numerals in the drawings are represented as similar elements. Unless otherwise stated, the figures in the drawings do not constitute a scale limitation.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

2 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the coaxial cable, the grounding plate, and the feed unit provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

3 is a schematic diagram of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention installed inside an unmanned aerial vehicle;

4 is a schematic diagram of an antenna provided inside an unmanned aerial vehicle according to another embodiment of the present invention;

5 is a schematic diagram of a scattering parameter of an antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a 900 MHz directional diagram of an antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

detailed description

In order to facilitate understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that when an element is expressed as "fixed" to another element, it may be directly on the other element, or there may be one or more centered elements in between. When an element is expressed as "connecting" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element, or one or more centered elements may be present therebetween. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used in this specification are for illustrative purposes only.

Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this specification have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the technical field of the present invention. The terms used in the description of the present invention in this specification are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and/or" used in this specification includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items.

1-2 are schematic diagrams of an antenna 100 provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The antenna 100 can be installed inside an unmanned aerial vehicle. The antenna 100 includes an antenna top plate 10, a feeding unit 20, a ground unit 30, and a ground plate 40. The feed unit 20 and the ground unit 30 are provided between the antenna top plate 10 and the ground plate 40.

Wherein, one end of the feeding unit 20 is connected to the antenna top plate 10, the other end of the feeding unit 20 is a feeding terminal, and the feeding terminal is optionally connected to the coaxial cable 60. The antenna top plate 10 and the feeding unit 20 form a single-stage sub-antenna structure.

One end of the ground unit 30 is connected to the antenna top plate 10, and the other end of the ground unit 30 is connected to the ground plate 40. The ground plate 40 and the antenna top plate 10 may be flat plates or curved plates. In one embodiment, the ground plate 40 and the antenna top plate 10 are parallel to each other. In another embodiment, the ground plate 40 may also be inclined with respect to the antenna top plate 10 to maintain a certain inclination angle with the antenna top plate 10.

In one embodiment, the ground plate 40 is disposed above the substrate 200. The ground plate 40 is a metal sheet or a metal coating, which can be formed on the surface of the substrate 200 by photolithography etching method, or directly fix the metal medium to the substrate On the surface of 200, a ground plate 40 is formed.

The substrate 200 is an insulating medium, and may be a plastic plate, such as a polycarbonate (Polycarbonate, PC) plate, or a substrate made of FR4 grade material. Specifically, FR4 is a code name for a flammable material grade, which means a material specification that the resin material must be able to extinguish itself after being burned. It is not a material name, but a material grade. Currently used There are many types of FR4 grade materials, for example, composite materials made with so-called four-function (Tera-Function) epoxy resin plus filler and glass fiber.

In this embodiment, the above-mentioned substrate 200 may be disposed inside a movable object, the movable object includes an unmanned aerial vehicle, a robot, a boat, and the like. For example, it can be installed inside the UAV (as shown in Figure 3). It can be understood that the above-mentioned substrate 200 may also be any insulating component inside the UAV, for example, the fuselage or the arm of the UAV. In this embodiment, the monopole antenna is deformed to increase the antenna top plate 10 and the ground unit 30, thereby reducing the size of the antenna, especially reducing the height of the antenna, and realizing the miniaturization of the antenna so that it can be installed in unmanned Inside the aircraft, further, the presence of the ground unit 30 can also increase the bandwidth of the antenna.

In some embodiments, the antenna 100 further includes a metal expansion piece 50 perpendicular to the ground plate 40, and a gap is provided between the metal expansion piece 50 and the antenna top plate 10. The distance between the metal expansion piece 50 and the antenna top plate 10 can be set in advance.

The metal expansion piece 50 is used as an expansion of the antenna radiator to make the antenna performance more stable. Optionally, in order to make good contact between the metal expansion piece 50 and the ground plate 40, the end of the metal expansion piece 50 connected to the ground plate 40 is provided with a lower flange 51 for increasing the contact area with the ground plate 40.

The metal expansion piece 50 may have various planar structures such as rectangular, elliptical, trapezoidal, or various non-planar structures such as arc, wavy, and zigzag.

One or more metal expansion pieces 50 may be provided. When a plurality of metal expansion pieces 50 are provided, the plurality of metal expansion pieces 50 may be provided on one side of the antenna top plate 10 or evenly arranged along the outer periphery of the antenna top plate 10. For example, when two metal expansion pieces 50 are provided, the two metal expansion pieces 50 may be arranged on the same side of the antenna top plate 10, and the two metal expansion pieces 50 maintain a preset distance, or the two A plurality of metal expansion pieces are respectively disposed on opposite sides of the antenna top plate 10, and maintain a preset distance from the antenna top plate 10, respectively. In the embodiments of the present invention, "plurality" stands for "at least 2".

In some embodiments, when a plurality of metal expansion pieces 50 are provided, each metal expansion piece 50 has the same shape, for example, all are rectangular. In other embodiments, the shapes of the metal expansion pieces 50 may be different. For example, some metal expansion pieces 50 are rectangular, and some metal expansion pieces 50 are elliptical.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the antenna 100 directly transmits and receives radio frequencies through the antenna top plate 10. As shown in FIG. 1, the antenna top plate 10 is a circular top plate. However, the present invention is not limited to this. In some other embodiments, the antenna top plate 10 may change its shape according to different requirements, such as a rectangular top plate, an elliptical top plate, or a hexagonal top plate.

Optionally, the antenna top plate 10 and the feeding unit 20 are vertically connected, that is, the feeding unit 20 and the ground plate 40 are perpendicular to each other, so as to reduce the cross-sectional height of the feeding unit 20.

Optionally, the end of the feed unit 20 connected to the antenna top plate 10 is provided with an upper flange 21 for increasing the contact area with the antenna top plate 10 so that one end of the feed unit 20 makes good contact with the antenna top plate 10. It can be understood that, in addition to the inverted triangular structure shown in the figure, the feeding unit 20 may also adopt other shapes, such as a rectangle, a trapezoid, an ellipse, etc., and the matching of the antenna can be adjusted by changing the shape of the feeding unit 20.

The ground unit 30 may take the form of a ground coupling pin, a ground metal sheet, a ground metal post, and the like. Further, one or more ground units 30 may be provided, which is not limited in this embodiment. When a plurality of ground units 30 are provided, the plurality of ground units 30 may be provided on both sides of the antenna top plate 10 or evenly arranged along the side of the antenna top plate 10. The grounding unit 30 may be vertically connected to the antenna top plate 10, or may maintain a preset inclination angle with the antenna top plate 10.

In one embodiment, the antenna top plate 10 is a round top plate, and the lugs are provided on both sides of the round top plate. The ground unit 30 is two ground coupling pins. The two ground coupling pins pass through the ears and are fixed in a circular shape. Both sides of the top plate. The number of ears on the antenna top plate 10 is greater than or equal to the number of ground units 30.

In some embodiments, the antenna 100 further includes a coaxial wire 60, as shown in FIG. 2. The outer conductor and the braided layer are stripped off at one end of the same axis 60 to obtain the outer conductor 61, and the transparent film insulation layer 62 is further stripped off to obtain the inner conductor 63. The inner conductor 63 is connected to the feeding end of the feeding unit 20, and the outer conductor 61 is connected to the ground plate 40.

Optionally, the ground plate 40 is provided with a first through hole 41, the substrate 200 is correspondingly provided with a second through hole 201, and the feeding end of the feeding unit 20 is located in the first through hole 41 and the second through hole 201, The height of the antenna 100 is further reduced.

As shown in FIG. 4, the internal space of the UAV 300 can be directly used to build the antenna 100 in the fuselage case or the arm of the UAV 300 to achieve conformity of the internal structure of the antenna 100 and the aircraft. When the UAV 300 is flying horizontally, the antenna top plate 10 faces the ground, that is, the antenna top plate 10 is below, and the ground plate 40 is above.

The UAV 300 includes a fuselage 310, at least three arms 320 connected to the fuselage 310, and a power assembly 330 located on each arm 320. The fuselage 310 or the arm 320 includes a hollow casing. The antenna 100 may be installed in the housing of the fuselage 310 or in the housing of the arm 320. The power assembly 330 includes a motor 331 (eg, a brushless motor) and a propeller 332 connected to the motor 331. Optionally, the UAV 300 further includes a landing gear 340 connected to the bottom of the fuselage 310 or the arm 320.

Referring to FIG. 5, the antenna 100 provided in this embodiment can work from 890MHz to 1200MHz, and the bandwidth is 310MHz, which is much larger than the bandwidth of a common 900MHz antenna, which significantly increases the bandwidth of the antenna and can meet the coverage of the commonly used 900MHz frequency band.

Referring to FIG. 6, the maximum radiation direction of the antenna 100 provided by this embodiment at 900 MHz is a horizontal direction area, which satisfies the use requirements of an unmanned aerial vehicle, and its height is only 25 mm, which is significantly lower than that of a conventional 900 MHz antenna.

It should be noted that the working frequency band of the antenna 100 provided by this embodiment is 900 MHz, and it can also be used in other wireless communication frequency bands.

It should be noted that the description of the present invention and the accompanying drawings give preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention can be implemented in many different forms, and is not limited to the embodiments described in this specification. These examples are not intended as additional limitations on the content of the present invention. The purpose of providing these examples is to make the understanding of the disclosure of the present invention more thorough and comprehensive. In addition, the above technical features continue to be combined with each other to form various embodiments not listed above, which are considered to be within the scope of the description of the present invention; further, those of ordinary skill in the art can improve or transform according to the above description And all these improvements and changes shall fall within the scope of protection of the appended claims of the present invention.

Claims

An antenna (100), characterized in that the antenna (100) is disposed inside an unmanned aerial vehicle, and the antenna (100) includes:

Antenna top plate (10);

Ground plate (40);

A feeding unit (20), one end of the feeding unit (20) is connected to the antenna top plate (10), and the other end of the feeding unit (20) is a feeding terminal; and

A ground unit (30), one end of the ground unit (30) is connected to the antenna top plate (10), the other end of the ground unit (30) is connected to the ground plate (40), and the ground plate ( 40) and the antenna top plate (10) are parallel to each other.
The antenna (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that

The antenna (100) further includes a metal expansion piece (50) perpendicular to the ground plate (40), and a gap is provided between the metal expansion piece (50) and the antenna top plate (10).
The antenna (100) according to claim 2, characterized in that

The antenna (100) includes a plurality of metal expansion pieces (50), and the plurality of metal expansion pieces (50) are evenly arranged along the outer periphery of the antenna top plate (10).
The antenna (100) according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that

The antenna (100) further includes a coaxial line (60), the coaxial line (60) includes an outer conductor (61) and an inner conductor (63), the inner conductor (63) is connected to the feeding unit (20) at the feeding end, the outer conductor (61) is connected to the ground plate (40).
The antenna (100) according to claim 4, wherein the antenna (100) further comprises a substrate (200);

Wherein, the ground plate (40) is provided with a first through hole (41), the substrate (200) is correspondingly provided with a second through hole (201), and the feed end of the feed unit (20) Located in the first through hole (41) and the second through hole (201).
The antenna (100) according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that

The antenna top plate (10) and the feeding unit (20) are vertically connected.
The antenna (100) according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that

The antenna top plate (10) is a round top plate, a rectangular top plate, an elliptical top plate or a hexagonal top plate.
The antenna (100) according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that

The ground unit (30) includes two ground coupling pins, and the two ground coupling pins are respectively disposed on both sides of the antenna top plate (10).
The antenna (100) according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that

The antenna (100) is a 900MHz microstrip antenna.
An unmanned aerial vehicle (300), characterized in that it includes:

Fuselage (310);

An arm (320) connected to the fuselage (310);

A power assembly (330) provided on the arm (320), the power assembly (330) includes a motor (331) and a propeller (332) connected to the motor (331); and

The antenna (100) according to any one of claims 1-9, provided inside the fuselage (310) or inside the arm (320);

Wherein, when the UAV is flying horizontally, the antenna top plate (10) of the antenna (100) faces the ground.