CN109494450B - Antenna and unmanned vehicles - Google Patents
Antenna and unmanned vehicles Download PDFInfo
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- CN109494450B CN109494450B CN201811611352.5A CN201811611352A CN109494450B CN 109494450 B CN109494450 B CN 109494450B CN 201811611352 A CN201811611352 A CN 201811611352A CN 109494450 B CN109494450 B CN 109494450B
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 32
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- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005404 monopole Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000206 photolithography Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
- B64C27/00—Rotorcraft; Rotors peculiar thereto
- B64C27/02—Gyroplanes
- B64C27/028—Other constructional elements; Rotor balancing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
- H01Q1/28—Adaptation for use in or on aircraft, missiles, satellites, or balloons
- H01Q1/285—Aircraft wire antennas
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/30—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Astronomy & Astrophysics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Details Of Aerials (AREA)
- Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses an antenna and an unmanned aerial vehicle, wherein the antenna is arranged in the unmanned aerial vehicle and comprises an antenna top plate, a feed unit, a grounding unit and a grounding plate, wherein one end of the feed unit is connected with the antenna top plate, and the other end of the feed unit is a feed end; one end of the grounding unit is connected with the antenna top plate, the other end of the grounding unit is connected with the grounding plate, and the grounding plate and the antenna top plate are parallel to each other. Through the mode, the antenna size is reduced, the bandwidth of the antenna is increased, and the antenna can be installed in an unmanned aerial vehicle.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to an antenna and an unmanned aerial vehicle.
Background
Antennas are communication elements for transmitting or receiving electromagnetic waves, and are widely used in wireless communication electronic devices. With the rise of robots and unmanned aerial vehicles, antennas are continuously developed towards miniaturization. The microstrip antenna is formed by sticking a conductor patch on a dielectric substrate with a grounding plate, and the coaxial line feed is utilized to excite an electromagnetic field between the conductor patch and the grounding plate, and the slot is utilized to radiate outwards, so that the microstrip antenna has the advantages of low section, small size, light weight, low cost, flexible design, and the like.
Existing antennas installed on unmanned aerial vehicles are generally 2.4GHz and/or 5.8GHz microstrip antennas. At present, a 900M antenna and a similar low-frequency antenna are gradually applied to an unmanned aerial vehicle due to good receiving gain and anti-interference capability, but the antenna is large in size and can only be placed outside the unmanned aerial vehicle, so that the use of the antenna is affected to a certain extent.
Disclosure of Invention
The antenna and the unmanned aerial vehicle mainly solve the technical problems that the size of the antenna is reduced, the bandwidth of the antenna is increased, and the antenna can be installed in the unmanned aerial vehicle.
The invention adopts a technical scheme that: in a first aspect, an antenna is provided, the antenna being disposed inside an unmanned aerial vehicle, the antenna comprising:
an antenna top plate;
a ground plate;
one end of the feed unit is connected with the antenna top plate, and the other end of the feed unit is a feed end; and
and one end of the grounding unit is connected with the antenna top plate, the other end of the grounding unit is connected with the grounding plate, and the grounding plate and the antenna top plate are parallel to each other.
Optionally, the antenna further comprises a metal expansion sheet perpendicular to the ground plate, and a gap is arranged between the metal expansion sheet and the antenna top plate.
In one embodiment, the antenna includes a plurality of the metal extension pieces, and the plurality of the metal extension pieces are uniformly disposed along the outer circumference of the antenna top plate.
Optionally, the antenna further comprises a coaxial line, the coaxial line comprising an outer conductor and an inner conductor, the inner conductor being connected to the feed end of the feed unit, the outer conductor being connected to the ground plane.
In one embodiment, the antenna further comprises a substrate;
the grounding plate is provided with a first through hole, the substrate is correspondingly provided with a second through hole, and the feeding end of the feeding unit is positioned in the first through hole and the second through hole.
Optionally, the antenna top plate and the feed unit are vertically connected.
Optionally, the antenna top plate is a circular top plate, a rectangular top plate, an elliptical top plate or a hexagonal top plate.
In an embodiment, the grounding unit includes two grounding coupling pins, and the two grounding coupling pins are respectively disposed at two sides of the antenna top plate.
Optionally, the antenna (100) is a 900MHz microstrip antenna.
In a second aspect, there is provided an unmanned aerial vehicle comprising:
a body;
a horn connected with the body;
the power assembly is arranged on the horn and comprises a motor and a propeller connected with the motor; and
an antenna as described above disposed inside the fuselage or inside the horn;
when the unmanned aerial vehicle flies horizontally, the antenna top plate of the antenna faces the ground.
The embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that: different from the situation of the prior art, the antenna of the embodiment of the invention comprises an antenna top plate, a feed unit, a grounding unit and a grounding plate, wherein one end of the feed unit is connected with the antenna top plate, the other end of the feed unit is a feed end, and the antenna top plate and the feed unit form a single-stage sub-antenna structure; one end of the grounding unit is connected with the antenna top plate, the other end of the grounding unit is connected with the grounding plate, the grounding plate and the antenna top plate are arranged in parallel, the antenna top plate and the grounding unit are increased by adopting a monopole antenna deformation mode, the size of the antenna is reduced, particularly the height of the antenna is reduced, miniaturization of the antenna is realized, the antenna can be installed in an unmanned aerial vehicle, and further, the bandwidth of the antenna can be increased due to the grounding unit.
Drawings
One or more embodiments are illustrated by way of example and not limitation in the figures of the accompanying drawings, in which like references indicate similar elements, and in which the figures of the drawings are not to be taken in a limiting sense, unless otherwise indicated.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a coaxial line connected to a ground plate and a feeding unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention mounted inside an unmanned aerial vehicle;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of an antenna according to another embodiment of the present invention mounted inside an unmanned aerial vehicle;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of scattering parameters of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a diagram of an antenna at 900MHz provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order that the invention may be readily understood, a more particular description thereof will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments that are illustrated in the appended drawings. It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "fixed" to another element, it can be directly on the other element or one or more intervening elements may be present therebetween. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or one or more intervening elements may be present therebetween. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like are used herein for illustrative purposes only.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and/or" as used in this specification includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Fig. 1-2 are schematic diagrams of an antenna 100 according to an embodiment of the invention. The antenna 100 may be mounted inside an unmanned aerial vehicle. The antenna 100 includes an antenna top plate 10, a feeding unit 20, a grounding unit 30, and a grounding plate 40. The feeding unit 20 and the ground unit 30 are disposed between the antenna top plate 10 and the ground plate 40.
One end of the feeding unit 20 is connected with the antenna top plate 10, and the other end of the feeding unit 20 is a feeding end, and the feeding end is optionally connected with the coaxial line 60. The antenna top plate 10 and the feed unit 20 form a monopole antenna structure.
One end of the ground unit 30 is connected to the antenna top plate 10, and the other end of the ground unit 30 is connected to the ground plate 40. The ground plate 40 and the antenna top plate 10 may be planar plates or curved plates. In one embodiment, the ground plate 40 and the antenna top plate 10 are parallel to each other. In another embodiment, the ground plate 40 may be inclined with respect to the antenna top plate 10, and may be kept at a constant inclination angle with respect to the antenna top plate 10.
In one embodiment, the ground plate 40 is disposed above the substrate 200, and the ground plate 40 is a metal sheet or a metal coating, and may be formed on the surface of the substrate 200 by a photolithography etching method, or directly fixing a metal medium on the surface of the substrate 200, thereby forming the ground plate 40.
The substrate 200 is an insulating medium, and may be a plastic plate such as a Polycarbonate (PC) plate or a substrate made of FR4 grade material. Specifically, FR4 is a designation of a flame-retardant material grade, and represents a material specification that means that a resin material must self-extinguish after being burned, and is not a material name but a material grade, and FR4 grade materials currently used are of very many kinds, for example, composite materials made of so-called tetra-functional (Tera-functional) epoxy resin plus Filler (Filler) and glass fiber.
In the present embodiment, the above-described substrate 200 may be disposed inside a movable object including an unmanned aerial vehicle, a robot, a ship, or the like. For example, may be located inside an unmanned aircraft (as shown in fig. 3). It is understood that the substrate 200 may be any insulating member inside the unmanned aerial vehicle, such as a fuselage or a horn of the unmanned aerial vehicle. The antenna top plate 10 and the grounding unit 30 are increased by adopting the monopole antenna deformation mode, so that the size of the antenna is reduced, particularly the height of the antenna is reduced, the miniaturization of the antenna is realized, the antenna can be installed in an unmanned aerial vehicle, and further, the bandwidth of the antenna can be increased due to the grounding unit 30.
In some embodiments, the antenna 100 further includes a metal extension piece 50 perpendicular to the ground plate 40, with a gap provided between the metal extension piece 50 and the antenna top plate 10. The distance between the metal extension piece 50 and the antenna top plate 10 may be set in advance.
The metal extension sheet 50 serves as an extension of the antenna radiator, so that the antenna performance is more stable. Alternatively, in order to make good contact between the metal extension piece 50 and the ground plate 40, the end of the metal extension piece 50 connected to the ground plate 40 is provided with a lower flange 51 for increasing the contact area with the ground plate 40.
The metal extension sheet 50 may have various planar structures such as rectangular, elliptical, trapezoid, etc., or may have various non-planar structures such as arc, wave, zigzag, etc.
One or more metal extension pieces 50 may be provided, and when a plurality of metal extension pieces 50 are provided, a plurality of metal extension pieces 50 may be provided at one side of the antenna top plate 10 or uniformly provided along the outer circumference of the antenna top plate 10. For example, when 2 metal extension pieces 50 are provided, the 2 metal extension pieces 50 may be provided on the same side of the antenna top plate 10 with a predetermined distance between the 2 metal extension pieces 50, or the 2 metal extension pieces may be provided on opposite sides of the antenna top plate 10 with a predetermined distance from the antenna top plate 10, respectively. In the embodiments of the present invention, "a plurality" means "at least 2".
In some embodiments, when a plurality of metal extension sheets 50 are provided, each metal extension sheet 50 is identical in shape, for example, is rectangular. While in other embodiments, the shapes of the metal tabs 50 may be different, for example, some of the metal tabs 50 may be rectangular and some of the metal tabs 50 may be oval.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the antenna 100 directly transmits and receives radio frequencies through the antenna top plate 10. As shown in fig. 1, the antenna top plate 10 is a circular top plate. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and in other embodiments, the antenna top plate 10 may be shaped according to different needs, such as a rectangular top plate, an elliptical top plate, or a hexagonal top plate.
Alternatively, the antenna top plate 10 and the feeding unit 20 are vertically connected, that is, the feeding unit 20 and the ground plate 40 are mutually perpendicular, to reduce the sectional height of the feeding unit 20.
Optionally, an end of the feeding unit 20 connected to the antenna top plate 10 is provided with an upper flange 21 for increasing a contact area with the antenna top plate 10 so that an end of the feeding unit 20 makes good contact with the antenna top plate 10. It will be appreciated that the feed unit 20 may take other shapes than the inverted triangle configuration shown in the figures, such as rectangular, trapezoidal, oval, etc., and that the matching of the antenna can be adjusted by changing the shape of the feed unit 20.
The grounding unit 30 may take the form of a grounding coupling pin, a grounding metal plate, a grounding metal post, or the like. Further, one or more grounding units 30 may be provided, which is not limited in this embodiment. When the ground unit 30 is provided in plurality, the ground units 30 may be provided at both sides of the antenna top plate 10 or uniformly provided along the side edges of the antenna top plate 10. The ground unit 30 may be vertically connected to the antenna top plate 10 or may maintain a predetermined inclination angle with the antenna top plate 10.
In one embodiment, the antenna top plate 10 is a circular top plate, lugs are disposed on two sides of the circular top plate, the grounding unit 30 is two grounding coupling pins, and the two grounding coupling pins are fixed on two sides of the circular top plate after penetrating out of the lugs respectively. The number of lugs on the antenna top plate 10 is greater than or equal to the number of ground elements 30.
In some embodiments, the antenna 100 further includes a coaxial line 60, as shown in fig. 2. The outer conductor 61 is obtained by peeling off the outer cover and braid from one end of the coaxial line 60, and the inner conductor 63 is obtained by continuously peeling off the transparent film insulating layer 62. The inner conductor 63 is connected to the power feeding end of the power feeding unit 20, and the outer conductor 61 is connected to the ground plate 40.
Optionally, the ground plate 40 is provided with a first through hole 41, the substrate 200 is correspondingly provided with a second through hole 201, and the feeding end of the feeding unit 20 is located in the first through hole 41 and the second through hole 201, so that the height of the antenna 100 is further reduced.
As shown in fig. 4, the antenna 100 may be built into the fuselage housing or the horn of the unmanned aerial vehicle 300 by directly utilizing the internal space of the unmanned aerial vehicle 300, thereby realizing the conformation of the antenna 100 to the internal structure of the aerial vehicle. When unmanned aerial vehicle 300 is flown horizontally, antenna top plate 10 is oriented toward the ground, i.e., antenna top plate 10 is down and ground plate 40 is up.
The unmanned aerial vehicle 300 includes a fuselage 310, at least 3 horn 320 coupled to the fuselage 310, and a power assembly 330 located on each horn 320. Wherein the body 310 or the arm 320 comprises a hollow housing. The antenna 100 may be disposed in the housing of the body 310 or in the housing of the horn 320. The power assembly 330 includes a motor 331 (e.g., a brushless motor) and a propeller 332 coupled to the motor 331. Optionally, the unmanned aerial vehicle 300 further includes a landing gear 340 coupled to the bottom of the fuselage 310 or the horn 320.
Referring to fig. 5, the antenna 100 provided in this embodiment may work at 890MHz-1200MHz, and the bandwidth is 310MHz, which is far greater than the bandwidth of a common 900MHz antenna, so that the bandwidth of the antenna is significantly increased, and the coverage of the common 900MHz frequency band can be satisfied.
Referring to fig. 6, the maximum radiation direction of the antenna 100 provided in the present embodiment is a horizontal direction area at 900MHz, so as to meet the use requirement of the unmanned aerial vehicle, and the height of the antenna is only 25mm, which is significantly lower than that of a conventional 900MHz antenna.
It should be noted that, the working frequency band of the antenna 100 provided in the present embodiment is 900MHz, and the present embodiment can also be used in other wireless communication frequency bands.
It should be noted that the description of the present invention and the accompanying drawings illustrate preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein, which are not to be construed as additional limitations of the invention, but are provided for a more thorough understanding of the present invention. The above-described features are further combined with each other to form various embodiments not listed above, and are considered to be the scope of the present invention described in the specification; further, modifications and variations of the present invention may be apparent to those skilled in the art in light of the foregoing teachings, and all such modifications and variations are intended to be included within the scope of this invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. An antenna (100), the antenna (100) being a 900MHz microstrip antenna, characterized in that the antenna (100) is arranged inside an unmanned aerial vehicle, the antenna (100) comprising:
an antenna top plate (10);
a ground plate (40);
a feeding unit (20), wherein one end of the feeding unit (20) is connected with the antenna top plate (10), and the other end of the feeding unit (20) is a feeding end; and
a grounding unit (30), wherein one end of the grounding unit (30) is connected with the antenna top plate (10), the other end of the grounding unit (30) is connected with the grounding plate (40), and the grounding plate (40) and the antenna top plate (10) are parallel to each other;
the antenna (100) further comprises a metal expansion sheet (50) perpendicular to the ground plate (40), and a gap is arranged between the metal expansion sheet (50) and the antenna top plate (10);
the antenna (100) further comprises a coaxial line (60), the coaxial line (60) comprises an outer conductor (61) and an inner conductor (63), the inner conductor (63) is connected to the feed end of the feed unit (20), and the outer conductor (61) is connected to the ground plate (40).
2. The antenna (100) of claim 1, wherein,
the antenna (100) comprises a plurality of the metal expansion sheets (50), and the plurality of the metal expansion sheets (50) are uniformly arranged along the periphery of the antenna top plate (10).
3. The antenna (100) of claim 1, wherein the antenna (100) further comprises a substrate (200);
the grounding plate (40) is provided with a first through hole (41), the substrate (200) is correspondingly provided with a second through hole (201), and the feeding end of the feeding unit (20) is located in the first through hole (41) and the second through hole (201).
4. The antenna (100) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that,
the antenna top plate (10) is vertically connected with the feed unit (20).
5. The antenna (100) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that,
the antenna top plate (10) is a circular top plate, a rectangular top plate, an elliptical top plate or a hexagonal top plate.
6. The antenna (100) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that,
the grounding unit (30) comprises two grounding coupling pins which are respectively arranged at two sides of the antenna top plate (10).
7. An unmanned aerial vehicle (300), comprising:
a body (310);
a horn (320) connected to the body (310);
a power assembly (330) arranged on the horn (320), the power assembly (330) comprising a motor (331) and a propeller (332) connected with the motor (331); and
the antenna (100) of any of claims 1-6 disposed inside the fuselage (310) or inside a horn (320);
wherein the antenna top plate (10) of the antenna (100) faces the ground when the unmanned aerial vehicle flies horizontally.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811611352.5A CN109494450B (en) | 2018-12-27 | 2018-12-27 | Antenna and unmanned vehicles |
| PCT/CN2019/095926 WO2020134029A1 (en) | 2018-12-27 | 2019-07-15 | Antenna and unmanned aerial vehicle |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811611352.5A CN109494450B (en) | 2018-12-27 | 2018-12-27 | Antenna and unmanned vehicles |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109494450A CN109494450A (en) | 2019-03-19 |
| CN109494450B true CN109494450B (en) | 2024-04-12 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811611352.5A Active CN109494450B (en) | 2018-12-27 | 2018-12-27 | Antenna and unmanned vehicles |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN109494450B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2020134029A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109494450B (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2024-04-12 | 深圳市道通智能航空技术股份有限公司 | Antenna and unmanned vehicles |
| CN112397887A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-02-23 | 贵州航天凯山石油仪器有限公司 | Indicator diagram sensor built-in antenna |
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| CN1433104A (en) * | 2002-01-18 | 2003-07-30 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | Antenna equipment, communication equipment and antenna equipment designing method |
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| US8217850B1 (en) * | 2008-08-14 | 2012-07-10 | Rockwell Collins, Inc. | Adjustable beamwidth aviation antenna with directional and omni-directional radiation modes |
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| CN108682944B (en) * | 2018-05-02 | 2020-11-13 | 电子科技大学 | Miniaturized low-profile ultra-wideband log-periodic monopole array antenna |
| CN109494450B (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2024-04-12 | 深圳市道通智能航空技术股份有限公司 | Antenna and unmanned vehicles |
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2018
- 2018-12-27 CN CN201811611352.5A patent/CN109494450B/en active Active
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- 2019-07-15 WO PCT/CN2019/095926 patent/WO2020134029A1/en active Application Filing
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| CN1433104A (en) * | 2002-01-18 | 2003-07-30 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | Antenna equipment, communication equipment and antenna equipment designing method |
| CN204424449U (en) * | 2015-02-09 | 2015-06-24 | 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司 | Dual-band microstrip antenna |
| CN105390800A (en) * | 2015-11-03 | 2016-03-09 | 苏州市吴通天线有限公司 | Smart grid antenna communication equipment |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN109494450A (en) | 2019-03-19 |
| WO2020134029A1 (en) | 2020-07-02 |
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