WO2020125303A1 - 投影装置 - Google Patents

投影装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020125303A1
WO2020125303A1 PCT/CN2019/119159 CN2019119159W WO2020125303A1 WO 2020125303 A1 WO2020125303 A1 WO 2020125303A1 CN 2019119159 W CN2019119159 W CN 2019119159W WO 2020125303 A1 WO2020125303 A1 WO 2020125303A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light
illumination light
modulated illumination
image
spot
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2019/119159
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
余新
鲁宁
李屹
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Shenzhen Appotronics Corp Ltd
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Appotronics Corp Ltd
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Publication of WO2020125303A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020125303A1/zh
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/14—Details
    • G03B21/20—Lamp housings
    • G03B21/2006—Lamp housings characterised by the light source
    • G03B21/2033—LED or laser light sources
    • G03B21/204—LED or laser light sources using secondary light emission, e.g. luminescence or fluorescence
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/005—Projectors using an electronic spatial light modulator but not peculiar thereto
    • G03B21/006—Projectors using an electronic spatial light modulator but not peculiar thereto using LCD's
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/14—Details
    • G03B21/20—Lamp housings
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/14—Details
    • G03B21/20—Lamp housings
    • G03B21/208—Homogenising, shaping of the illumination light
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B20/00—Energy efficient lighting technologies, e.g. halogen lamps or gas discharge lamps
    • Y02B20/40—Control techniques providing energy savings, e.g. smart controller or presence detection

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of projection display, in particular to a projection device.
  • the dynamic modulation of the array illumination light source is used to realize the HDR display.
  • the spot will be widened, and each small spot will expand to overlap each other, resulting in incident on the spatial light modulator.
  • the deterioration of the uniformity of the illumination light affects the brightness uniformity of the projected image.
  • the present invention provides a projection device, wherein the projection device includes:
  • the phase spatial light modulator is used to receive the laser light emitted by the laser light source, and modulate the laser light according to the image to be projected to obtain first modulated illumination light.
  • the first modulated illumination light includes light spots and dark areas between the light spots ;as well as
  • the optical component is used for receiving the first modulated illumination light, widening the spot of the first modulated illumination light to expand the spot to the dark area, thereby obtaining the second modulated illumination light, the second
  • the absolute value of the overlapping area between each spot of modulated illumination light is not greater than a preset threshold.
  • the phase spatial light modulator of the projection device provided by the present invention can modulate the laser light according to the image to be projected to obtain the first modulated illumination light, and
  • the modulated first modulated illumination light includes light spots and dark areas between the light spots.
  • the optical component is used to widen the spot of the received first modulated illumination light to expand the spot to the dark area to obtain second modulated illumination light, and each spot covers the spot
  • the overlapping area between the individual light spots after the dark area is not greater than a preset threshold, thereby facilitating the projection device to provide illumination light with a more uniform light distribution.
  • the light distribution of the second modulated illumination light is uniform, when it is irradiated to the amplitude spatial light modulator of the projection device, between the dark portion and the bright portion of the image light to be projected obtained after the amplitude spatial light modulation
  • the transition is relatively smooth, which can achieve a better local dimming effect, and is conducive to improving the viewing comfort of the human eye, which helps to enhance the viewer's visual experience.
  • the modulation of the illumination light by the phase spatial light modulator can modulate the first modulated illumination light with the corresponding brightness distribution according to the image to be projected in real time, realize the projection of the high dynamic range image, and can relatively guarantee the brightness of the projected image, which is beneficial to Improve the performance of the projection device.
  • the dark area reserved by the interference pattern can effectively reduce the influence of the light spot on the uniformity of the brightness distribution during the broadening process, which is conducive to achieving a better high dynamic range image Projection effect.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a projection device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an unmodulated interference pattern in an embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a modulated interference pattern in an embodiment.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the effect of widening the first modulated illumination light generated by modulation in FIG. 3 by using a fluorescent pink wheel.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a simulation effect of an impact response function corresponding to widening a light spot located at a central position through a light collecting lens and a relay lens.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a simulation effect of an impact response function corresponding to widening a light spot located at an edge position through a light collecting lens and a relay lens.
  • FIG. 7 is a comparison diagram including the light distribution effect after the illumination light shown in FIG. 4 is emitted and the light distribution effect after the illumination light is emitted and then further widened by a light collecting lens and a relay lens.
  • Figure 8 is a test image.
  • FIG. 9 is a luminance signal diagram divided into 15 ⁇ 10 regions corresponding to FIG. 8.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a rectangular illumination area included in the first modulated illumination light obtained by modulating the brightness signal in FIG. 9.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a rectangular illumination area of the first-order second modulated illumination light obtained after the first modulated illumination light in FIG. 10 is widened by a fluorescent pink wheel.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a rectangular illumination area of the second-level second modulated illumination light obtained by widening the first-level second modulated illumination light of FIG. 11 by the optical system.
  • FIG. 13 is a flowchart of a projection device control method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a projection system in a sequential light combining mode according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of a projection system using sequential light combining and space light combining in one embodiment.
  • 16 is a schematic structural diagram of a projection system in a spatial light combining mode according to an embodiment.
  • the third amplitude modulation unit 62 The third amplitude modulation unit 62
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a projection device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • the projection device of the present invention can be applied to projection equipment such as movie machines, engineering machines, commercial teaching machines, splicing walls, laser TVs, and micro-projections.
  • the projection device 100 may include a laser light source 11, a phase spatial light modulator 12 and an optical component 13.
  • the phase spatial light modulator 12 is used to receive the laser light emitted by the laser light source 11 and modulate the laser light according to the image to be projected to obtain first modulated illumination light.
  • the first modulated illumination light forms a second modulated illumination light when it is transmitted through the optical component 13, and the optical component 13 widens the spot of the incident first modulated illumination light so that each spot expands to between the spots Dark areas, and the absolute value of the overlapping area between the widened light spots is not greater than the preset threshold.
  • the overlapping area between the widened light spots can be set to a positive number.
  • the overlap area between the light spots after the optical component 13 is widened is set to zero.
  • the overlapping area between the two is set to a value of approximately zero.
  • the overlapping area between the various spots after the broadening is set to 0.01, 0.1, etc., or even the spacing between the various spots after broadening is set to 0.01, 0.1, etc.
  • Projection display values with less influence also belong to the scope of protection of this patent.
  • the spacing between the broadened spots is set to a smaller value
  • the overlapping area between the broadened spots can be regarded as an absolute value equal to a negative value of the spacing between the broadened spots.
  • the preset threshold in the present technical solution can be set through multiple experiments.
  • the overlapping area between the spots in the second modulated illumination light is not only related to the degree to which the optical component 13 widens the spots in the first modulated illumination light, but also related to the size of the spot of the first modulated illumination light itself and each The spacing of the light spots is related.
  • the modulated light field of the light source is shown in FIG. 2, the first modulated illumination light is divided into a plurality of adjacent continuous illumination areas b according to the image brightness distribution, and the spot b1 of the first modulated illumination light is less than In the illumination area b, a dark area a1 is also provided in the illumination area b.
  • the relationship between the size of the spot b1 of the first modulated illumination light and the size of the illumination area b is determined according to the size of the illumination area on the wavelength conversion element, the spread of the spot on the wavelength conversion element, and the number of spots in the first modulated illumination light.
  • the spread of the spot of the first modulated illumination light on the wavelength conversion element is determined by the thickness of the conversion layer material, the size distribution of the scattering particles, and the concentration. For example, under a fluorescent glass layer with a thickness of about 180um, the beam spread radius is about 0.1mm.
  • the laser light source 11 may be a monochromatic laser, such as a blue laser, or other lasers.
  • the laser light source 11 may also be an array illumination light source, and the phase spatial light modulator may be a liquid crystal-based spatial light modulator such as an LCOS spatial light modulator or an LCD spatial light modulator.
  • the phase spatial light modulator 12 is used to phase modulate the received light according to the image to be projected to obtain the first modulated illumination light.
  • the first modulated illumination light is included in the image to be projected.
  • the brightness distribution area corresponds to the illumination area of the brightness distribution, and the illumination area may be presented as a rectangular illumination area corresponding to the shape of the image to be projected (eg, the image shape is mostly a rectangular shape of 16:9 or 4:3) .
  • the phase spatial light modulator 12 can modulate each frame of the image in real time to obtain the first modulated illumination light with a corresponding brightness distribution illumination light field.
  • the brightness distribution in the modulated rectangular illumination light field is relatively different.
  • the brightness of the first modulated illumination light and the brightness information of the image to be projected may satisfy a preset relationship, and the preset relationship includes any one of the following:
  • the brightness of the first modulated illumination light is equal to the maximum brightness of pixels of the image to be projected
  • the brightness of the first modulated illumination light is equal to the maximum brightness of pixels in the preset area of the image to be projected.
  • the brightness of the first modulated illumination light is equal to the average brightness of each pixel in the image to be projected.
  • the optical component may include an optical device such as a lens. Therefore, after receiving the first modulated illumination light, based on the optical characteristics of the optical component, the light spot in the first modulated illumination light can be broadened. Possible situations after widening include:
  • case 1) and case 4) will cause the problem of relatively uneven distribution of illumination light
  • case 3) is less likely to cause uneven illumination distribution
  • case 2) is relatively ideal
  • the situation that is, the widened light spot just covers the dark area, and the illumination light distribution of each area is uniform. Therefore, the situation of 2) and 3) can be selected here to relatively meet the requirement of uniform distribution of the illumination light field.
  • the optical component 13 can be equipped with the same kind or different kind, one or more lenses to perform light treatment to achieve the adjustment of the broadening, so that the widened individual spots
  • the overlapping area is not greater than the preset threshold.
  • the overlapped area of the individual spots after the broadening is equal to zero.
  • the preset threshold may be the maximum area of the uneven illumination light distribution allowed by the user. Therefore, in the process of using the optical component 13 to perform light processing to obtain the second modulated illumination light, multi-level modulation may be included to achieve adjustment of the overlapping area of each spot after broadening.
  • the phase spatial light modulator 12 modulates the laser light according to the image to be projected to obtain first modulated illumination light, and the modulated first modulation Illumination light includes light spots and dark areas between the light spots.
  • the first modulated illumination light is subjected to light processing by an optical component to obtain second modulated illumination light, and the obtained second modulated illumination light is to expand the spot of the first modulated illumination light , So that each light spot covers the dark area between the light spots, and satisfies the condition that the overlapping area of each light spot after broadening is not greater than a preset threshold, thereby facilitating the provision of illumination light with a relatively uniform light distribution.
  • the brightness of the second modulated illumination light is relatively uniform, when it is irradiated to the amplitude spatial light modulator of the projection device, the dark light part and the bright part of the image light to be projected obtained after being modulated by the amplitude spatial light
  • the transition between them is relatively smooth, which can achieve a better local dimming effect, and is conducive to improving the viewing comfort of the human eye, which helps to enhance the viewer's visual experience.
  • the overlapping area between the widened light spots is equal to zero to obtain the best uniformity of the light distribution. It should be understood that in the actual application of optical devices, due to the broadening characteristics and other factors, there is a possibility that the widened light spot may be partially deformed, which makes it difficult for each light spot to overlap and completely cover the reserved dark area, so this The overlapping area of each spot at equal to zero can be regarded as the overlapping area of each spot approaching zero.
  • the optical component 13 may include a wavelength conversion element to perform wavelength conversion on a part of the first modulated illumination light to obtain incoherent light, and another part of the first modulation
  • the illumination light is still coherent light without wavelength conversion, that is, there is a fixed phase relationship between points on the light wave.
  • phase spatial light modulator 12 especially the liquid crystal phase spatial light modulator
  • the phase delay of the outgoing light is inversely proportional to the wavelength, so the light of different colors/wavelengths of the outgoing light of the phase spatial light modulator 12 is separated and scattered, that is, There is a very serious dispersion problem, which affects the color uniformity of the picture.
  • most of the incoherent light obtained after conversion by the wavelength conversion element is composite light (mixed with light of the same color), and dispersion occurs through an optical lens or the like. After the first modulated illumination light passes through the wavelength conversion element, the proportion of coherent light is reduced, which is beneficial to reduce the dispersion problem of the light emitted from the projection device.
  • the optical component may further include a collector lens and a relay lens.
  • the collector lens is used to convert the incoherent light and the coherent light (that is, those that are not converted by the wavelength conversion element) Another part of the first modulated illumination light) is collected, and the relay lens is used to relay the light collected by the collector lens, thereby achieving a certain degree of broadening and at the same time collecting light And transmission support.
  • the wavelength conversion element may be a fluorescent pink wheel or a fixed fluorescent sheet.
  • the wavelength conversion element is a fluorescent pink wheel
  • a portion of the first modulated illumination light is wavelength converted by the phosphor layer of the fluorescent pink wheel.
  • the thickness of the phosphor layer can determine the imaging spread of the wavelength conversion element.
  • the imaging spread for a spot power of 3 dB is about 0.1 mm, that is, the spot is increased by 0.1 mm from the periphery of the spot incident on the phosphor layer, and passes through the fluorescent pink
  • the impulse response of the wheel can be approximated as a Gaussian distribution function with a spot power of 3 dB and an imaging spread of 0.1 mm. Therefore, the corresponding functional relationship can be established according to the above three values to support the adjustment of the overlapping area of each spread of the spread.
  • the size of the overlapping area of the widened spots is determined by the thickness of the fluorescent layer of the fluorescent pink wheel, the scattering particles, the concentration of the scattering particles, and the light collecting lens It is determined by one or more of the lens aberrations possessed by the relay lens.
  • the projection device may further include an amplitude spatial light modulation that receives the modulated illumination light, and the amplitude spatial light modulator is used to illuminate the second modulated illumination according to the image to be projected The light is modulated to obtain image light to be projected.
  • the image light to be projected can be emitted through the projection lens to obtain a projection image that reproduces the image to be projected.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an unmodulated interference pattern in an embodiment.
  • the interference pattern is rectangular, including the reserved dark area a1 and the light spot b1, each light spot b1 is rectangular, and the dark area a1 is regularly spaced from each light spot b1.
  • the interference pattern may also be set to other shapes, such as a circular pattern, a regular hexagonal pattern, and so on.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a modulated interference pattern in an embodiment.
  • the interference pattern is also rectangular, including the reserved dark area a2 and the light spot b2.
  • it also includes an area c corresponding to the brightness distribution area in the image to be projected. The position and light intensity of the area c are determined by The position and light intensity of the brightness distribution area in the projected image are determined.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the effect of widening the first modulated illumination light generated by modulation in FIG. 3 by using a fluorescent pink wheel.
  • the phosphor layer of the fluorescent pink wheel widens each spot in the received first modulated illumination light to obtain the spreaded spot distribution effect, thus making it different from that in FIG. 3
  • the brightness of the area corresponding to the dark area a2 area has been improved, the displayed grid is relatively blurred, and the brightness distribution of the light field is relatively uniform. It can be understood that after the light spot is widened, the edge of the area corresponding to the area c becomes blurred.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the simulation effect of the shock response function corresponding to the light spot located at the central position by the light collecting lens and the relay lens
  • FIG. 6 is the light collecting lens and the relay lens Schematic diagram of the simulation effect of the shock response function corresponding to the widening of the light spot at the edge position. Comparing the effects shown in Figs. 4 and 5, there is a large difference between the image formed by the light spot at the edge and the light spot at the center, and the difference is determined by the lens aberration. Therefore, the phosphor layer When the broadened light passes through the collecting lens and the relay lens again, the light passing therethrough will be further broadened due to lens aberration. It can be understood that since neither the collector lens nor the relay lens involves light conversion, they can be collectively referred to as an optical system.
  • FIG. 7 is a comparison diagram including the light distribution effect after the illumination light shown in FIG. 4 is emitted and the light distribution effect after the illumination light is emitted and then further widened by the collecting lens and the relay lens.
  • the illumination light (illumination light after the first modulated illumination light is broadened by the phosphor layer of the fluorescent pink wheel) is emitted, and then the light distribution further smoothed by the collector lens and the relay lens is further homogenized, And the brightness curve becomes relatively smooth.
  • FIG. 8 is a test image
  • FIG. 9 is a luminance signal diagram corresponding to FIG. 8 divided by 15 ⁇ 10 areas
  • FIG. 10 is a first modulation obtained by modulating the luminance signal in FIG. 9
  • FIG. 10 is a first modulation obtained by modulating the luminance signal in FIG. 9
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the rectangular illumination area of the first-order second modulated illumination light obtained after the first modulated illumination light in FIG. 10 is widened by a fluorescent pink wheel
  • FIG. 12 is a diagram of FIG. 11 A schematic diagram of a rectangular illumination area of the second-level second modulated illumination light obtained by widening the first-level second modulated illumination light by the optical system.
  • the image in FIG. 8 is divided into 15 ⁇ 10 brightness distribution areas.
  • the obtained brightness distribution signal is shown in FIG. 9, and each brightness distribution position corresponds to each other.
  • an effect diagram of the rectangular illumination area of the first modulated illumination light shown in FIG. 10 is obtained.
  • FIG. 11 is the effect diagram of the rectangular illumination area of the first-level second modulated illumination light obtained by widening the first modulated illumination light by the fluorescent pink wheel. After widening, the displayed grid is relatively blurred, and the light field brightness The distribution is relatively uniform.
  • FIG. 12 is the effect diagram of the rectangular illumination area of the second-level second modulated illumination light obtained by widening the first-level second modulated illumination light by the optical system, and the light distribution is relatively more uniform.
  • the present invention also provides a projection device control method. It can be understood that, since the foregoing projection device has descriptions of the functions, uses, and/or effects of corresponding optical devices, it will not be repeated here. .
  • FIG. 13 it is a flowchart of a projection device control method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the method may include the following steps:
  • S101 Control the laser light source to output laser.
  • S102 Modulate the received laser light according to the image to be projected to obtain first modulated illumination light, where the first modulated illumination light includes a light spot and a dark area between the light spots.
  • S103 Use the optical component to widen the spots of the first modulated illumination light so that the dark areas between the spots are covered, thereby obtaining second modulated illumination light, and the overlap between the spots of the second modulated illumination light The area is not greater than the preset threshold.
  • the phase spatial light modulator modulates the laser light according to the image to be projected to obtain first modulated illumination light, and the modulated first modulated illumination Light includes light spots and dark areas between the light spots.
  • the optical component is used to optically process the received first modulated illumination light to obtain second modulated illumination light, and the obtained second modulated illumination light satisfies the widening of the spot of the first modulated illumination light.
  • each light spot covers the dark area between the light spots, and the condition that the overlapping area of the widened light spots is not greater than a preset threshold value is favorable for providing illumination light with a relatively uniform light distribution.
  • the overlapped area between the widened light spots after control is equal to zero.
  • the phase spatial light modulator is a liquid crystal-based spatial light modulator.
  • the optical component includes a wavelength conversion element for wavelength-converting a portion of the first modulated illumination light to obtain incoherent light.
  • the optical component further includes a collector lens and a relay lens
  • the collector lens is used to collect the incoherent light and another part of the first modulated illumination light
  • the relay lens is used to Relaying the light collected by the light collecting lens.
  • the overlapping area of the widened individual spots is determined by the thickness of the fluorescent layer of the fluorescent pink wheel, the scattering particles, the concentration of the scattering particles, and the light collecting lens and the relay One or more of the lens aberrations possessed by the lens are determined.
  • the brightness of the first modulated illumination light and the brightness information of the image to be projected satisfy a preset relationship, and the preset relationship includes any one of the following:
  • the brightness of the first modulated illumination light is equal to the maximum brightness of pixels of the image to be projected
  • the brightness of the first modulated illumination light is equal to the maximum brightness of pixels in the preset area of the image to be projected.
  • the brightness of the first modulated illumination light is equal to the average brightness of each pixel in the image to be projected.
  • the second modulated illumination light may be modulated according to the image to be projected using an amplitude spatial light modulator to obtain the image light to be projected.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a projection system in a sequential light combining mode in an embodiment.
  • the projection system 200 of this embodiment first analyzes the to-be-projected image 21 using the image processor 22 to obtain brightness information and RGB primary color information of the image to be projected, wherein the phase spatial light modulator 24 is used to determine the brightness of the image to be projected.
  • the information modulates the laser light emitted by the laser 23 to obtain the first modulated illumination light.
  • the first modulated illumination light is emitted onto the fluorescent pink wheel 25, and red light, green light, and blue light are generated in time sequence, and the generated red light, green light, and blue light are filtered by the filter 26 , Output light of specified color, and transmit it to the amplitude spatial light modulator 28 under the optical action of the lens 27, and the light transmitted to the amplitude spatial light modulator 28 is composed of the fluorescent pink wheel 25, the filter 26, and the lens
  • the second modulated illumination light obtained by widening under the light processing effect of 27 includes red second modulated illumination light, green second modulated illumination light, and blue second modulated illumination light.
  • the phosphor layer of the fluorescent pink wheel 25 and the lens 27 are used to widen the first modulated illumination light so that the light distribution of the second modulated illumination light irradiated to the amplitude spatial light modulator 28 is relatively uniform Therefore, the brightness of the image light to be projected generated by the modulation by the amplitude spatial light modulator 28 is higher, which helps to improve the visual experience.
  • the amplitude spatial light modulator 28 modulates the red second modulated illumination light, the green second modulated illumination light and the blue second modulated illumination light respectively according to the RGB primary color information of the image to load the image content information of the image to be projected to obtain the image to be projected Image light.
  • the image light to be projected is projected through the projection lens 29 to sequentially present a red light image, a green light image, and a blue light image on the projection screen 30. It can be understood that, using the persistence effect of the human eye, the above-mentioned sequentially presented light can synthesize corresponding color images in the human brain.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a projection system 300 using sequential light combining and space light combining in one embodiment.
  • the projection system 300 of this embodiment also uses the image processor 32 to analyze the to-be-projected image 31 to obtain the brightness information and RGB three primary color information of the image to be projected, wherein the phase spatial light modulator 34 is used to The brightness information modulates the laser light emitted by the laser 33 to obtain first modulated illumination light.
  • the first modulated illumination light is emitted onto the fluorescent pink wheel 35 and generates red light, green light, and blue light from it, and the generated red light, green light, and blue light are divided into red and blue timing lights by the beam splitter 36
  • the optical path and the green light path may be divided into a red light path and a green-blue timing light path.
  • the red-blue timing light is transmitted to the first amplitude modulation unit 38 under the optical action of the first lens 37, and the first amplitude modulation unit 38 according to the to-be-projected
  • the image is modulated, thereby obtaining red second modulated illumination light image light to be projected and blue image light to be projected.
  • green light is transmitted to the second amplitude modulation unit 40 under the optical action of the second lens 39, and the second amplitude modulation unit 40 modulates the image to be projected to obtain green to be projected Image light.
  • the first lens 37 and the second lens 39 may be collectively referred to as an optical system, and the first amplitude modulation unit 38 and the second amplitude modulation unit 40 may be collectively referred to as an amplitude spatial light modulator;
  • the fluorescent pink wheel 35 It can be a yellow fluorescent pink wheel, so the beam splitter 36 can be used to divide the white light generated by the yellow fluorescent pink wheel into red-blue timing light transmitted on the red-blue light path and green light transmitted on the green light path.
  • the red light in the red light path, the red light is transmitted to the first amplitude modulation unit 38 under the optical action of the first lens 37, and is modulated by the first amplitude modulation unit 38 according to the image to be projected To get the red image light to be projected.
  • the green-blue timing light is transmitted to the second amplitude modulation unit 40 under the optical action of the second lens 39, and the second amplitude modulation unit 40 modulates according to the image to be projected to obtain green Image light to be projected, blue image light to be projected.
  • the light combiner 41 is used to receive the red image light to be projected, the green image light to be projected, and the blue image light to be projected, and to guide the three primary color image lights to be projected to the same optical path for transmission.
  • the image light of the three primary colors to be projected is projected through the projection lens 42 to display the image on the projection screen 43.
  • the structure formed by the fluorescent pink wheel 35, the beam splitter 36, the first lens 37, and the second lens 39 in the projection system 300 can be regarded as the aforementioned optical component.
  • the first modulated illumination light modulated by the phase spatial light modulator 34 is expanded by the phosphor layer of the fluorescent pink wheel 35, the first lens 37, and the second lens 39 to obtain second modulated illumination light.
  • the brightness of the second modulated illumination light is relatively uniform, which is beneficial to a higher degree of brightness reduction of the image light to be projected and generated by modulation by the amplitude spatial light modulation unit, thereby improving the visual experience.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of a projection system 500 in a spatial light combining mode in an embodiment.
  • the projection system 500 of this embodiment first analyzes the to-be-projected image 51 using the image processor 52 to obtain the brightness information and RGB primary color information of the image to be projected, wherein the phase spatial light modulator 54 is used to determine the brightness of the image to be projected.
  • the information modulates the laser light emitted by the laser 53 to obtain first modulated illumination light.
  • the first modulated illumination light is emitted onto the fluorescent pink wheel 55 and generates red light, green light and blue light from it.
  • the generated red light, green light and blue light are divided into a red light path under the action of the beam splitter 56, Green light path and blue light path.
  • the red light is transmitted to the first amplitude modulation unit 58 under the optical action of the first lens 57 and is modulated by the first amplitude modulation unit 38 according to the red information of the image to be projected to obtain red to be projected Image light.
  • green light is transmitted to the second amplitude modulation unit 60 under the optical action of the second lens 59, and is modulated by the second amplitude modulation unit 60 according to the green information of the image to be projected to obtain green to be projected Image light.
  • blue light is transmitted to the third amplitude modulation unit 62 under the optical action of the third lens 61, and the third amplitude modulation unit 62 modulates according to the blue information of the image to be projected to obtain a blue color to be projected image.
  • the red to-be-projected image light, the green to-be-projected image light and the blue to-be-projected image light are combined by the light combiner 63, and finally, they are projected onto the projection screen simultaneously or in time sequence by the projection lens 64 65 on.
  • phase spatial light modulator 54 here is a liquid crystal on silicon liquid crystal spatial light modulator
  • the fluorescent pink wheel 55 may be a yellow fluorescent pink wheel
  • the projection system 500 further includes a light combiner 63 for guiding the red image light to be projected, the green image light to be projected, and the blue image light to be projected onto the same optical path .
  • the structure formed by the fluorescent pink wheel 55, the beam splitter 56, the first lens 57, the second lens 59, and the third lens 61 in the projection system 500 can be regarded as the aforementioned optical component.
  • the lenses described in FIGS. 14 to 16 may include one or more lenses of the same kind or different kinds, so as to perform light processing on the first modulated illumination light to achieve adjustment of spreading.
  • the phase spatial light modulator of the projection device provided by the present invention can modulate the laser light according to the image to be projected to obtain the first modulated illumination light
  • the first modulated illumination light obtained by modulation includes light spots and dark areas between the light spots.
  • the first modulated illumination light is subjected to light processing by an optical component to obtain second modulated illumination light, and the obtained second modulated illumination light satisfies the widening of the spot of the first modulated illumination light , So that each light spot covers the dark area between the light spots, and satisfies the condition that the overlapping area of each light spot after broadening is not greater than a preset threshold, thereby facilitating the provision of illumination light with a relatively uniform light distribution.
  • the brightness of the second modulated illumination light is relatively uniform, when it is irradiated to the amplitude spatial light modulator of the projection device, the dark light part and the bright part of the image light to be projected obtained after being modulated by the amplitude spatial light
  • the transition between them is relatively smooth, which can achieve a better local dimming effect, and is conducive to improving the viewing comfort of the human eye, which helps to enhance the viewer's visual experience.
  • phase spatial light modulator is used to modulate the illumination light, and the first modulated illumination light with the corresponding brightness distribution can be modulated in real time according to the image to be projected, which can realize the projection of the high-dynamic range (HDR) image , And can relatively ensure the brightness of the projected image, which is beneficial to improve the performance of the projection device.
  • HDR high-dynamic range
  • the dark area reserved by the interference pattern can effectively reduce the influence of the light spot on the uniformity of the brightness distribution during the broadening process, which is conducive to achieving a better high dynamic range image Projection effect.

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Abstract

一种投影装置（100），投影装置（100）包括：激光光源（11）；相位空间光调制器（12），用于接收激光光源（11）出射的激光，并根据待投影图像（21）对激光进行调制得到第一调制照明光，第一调制照明光包括光斑（b1）及光斑（b1）间的暗区（a1）；以及光学组件（13），用于接收第一调制照明光，并对第一调制照明光的光斑（b1）进行展宽以使光斑（b1）扩展至暗区（a1），从而得到第二调制照明光，第二调制照明光各个光斑之间的重叠面积不大于预设阈值，提升照明光的均匀度，有助于提升观众的视觉体验。

Description

投影装置 技术领域
本发明涉及投影显示技术领域，尤其涉及一种投影装置。
背景技术
在激光荧光投影系统中使用可动态调制的阵列照明光源实现HDR显示的过程中光斑会被展宽，每个小光斑展宽后将会出现互相交叠的区域，从而导致入射到空间光调制器上的照明光均匀度变差影响投影图像的亮度均匀性。
而本领域技术人员尚未意识到该问题的存在，因此，亟待针对该技术问题提供一种有效的解决方案。
发明内容
为解决现有投影系统存在投影图像的亮度均匀性较差的技术问题，本发明提供一种投影装置，其中，所述投影装置包括：
激光光源；
相位空间光调制器，用于接收所述激光光源出射的激光，并根据待投影图像对所述激光进行调制得到第一调制照明光，所述第一调制照明光包括光斑及光斑间的暗区；以及
光学组件，用于接收所述第一调制照明光，对所述第一调制照明光的光斑进行展宽以使所述光斑扩展至所述暗区，从而得到第二调制照明光，所述第二调制照明光各个光斑之间重叠面积的绝对值不大于预设阈值。
与现有技术相比较，本发明提供的投影装置的相位空间光调制器在接收到激光光源出射的激光后，根据待投影图像对所述激光进行调制即可得到第一调制照明光，且经调制得到的所述第一调制照明光包括光斑及光斑间的暗区。其后，再利用光学组件对接收到的所述第一 调制照明光的光斑进行展宽以使所述光斑扩展至所述暗区以得到第二调制照明光，并且，各个光斑覆盖到所述光斑间的暗区后各个光斑之间的重叠面积不大于预设阈值，从而有利于投影装置提供光分布更加均匀的照明光。
进一步地，由于第二调制照明光的光分布均匀，因而当其照射至投影装置的幅度空间光调制器后，经幅度空间光调制后得到的待投影图像光的暗光部分与明亮部分之间过渡相对平滑，可实现较佳的局部减暗效果，且利于提升人眼的观影舒适度，有助于提升观众的视觉体验。
利用相位空间光调制器对照明光的调制，可根据待投影图像实时调制出具有相应亮度分布的第一调制照明光，实现高动态范围图像的投影，且能够相对保证投影图像的亮度，有利于提升投影装置的性能。
进一步的，在光学组件包括荧光粉色轮及相应透镜的基础上，干涉图样预留的暗区可有效减小光斑在展宽过程中对亮度分布均匀度的影响，利于实现较好的高动态范围图像投影效果。
附图说明
图1是本发明一较佳实施方式的投影装置的结构示意图。
图2是在一种实施方式下，未经调制的干涉图样的结构示意图。
图3是在一种实施方式下，经调制的干涉图样的结构示意图。
图4是利用荧光粉色轮对图3中调制生成的第一调制照明光进行展宽后的效果示意图。
图5是经集光透镜及中继透镜对位于中心位置处的光斑进行展宽所对应的冲击响应函数仿真效果示意图。
图6是经集光透镜及中继透镜对位于边缘位置处的光斑进行展宽所对应的冲击响应函数仿真效果示意图。
图7是包含图4所示的照明光出射后的光分布效果与照明光出射后再经集光透镜和中继透镜进一步展宽后的光分布效果对比示意图。
图8是一测试图像。
图9是对应图8所得到的按照15×10个区域划分的亮度信号图。
图10是根据图9中的亮度信号进行调制所得到的第一调制照明光所具有的矩形照明区域示意图。
图11是图10中的第一调制照明光由荧光粉色轮展宽后得到的一级第二调制照明光的矩形照明区域示意图。
图12是图11中的一级第二调制照明光由光学系统展宽后得到的二级第二调制照明光的矩形照明区域示意图。
图13是本发明一实施方式下的投影装置控制方法的流程图。
图14是在一实施方式下，采用时序合光方式下的投影系统结构示意图。
图15是在一实施方式下，采用时序合光及空间合光方式下的投影系统结构示意图。
图16是在一实施方式下，采用空间光合光方式下的投影系统结构示意图。
主要元件符号说明
投影装置        100
激光光源        11
相位空间光调制器   12
光学组件      13
投影系统      200、300、500
待投影图像    21、31、51
图像处理器    22、32、52
激光器        23、33、53
相位空间光调制器   24、34、54
荧光粉色轮         25、35、55
滤光片        26
透镜          27
幅度空间光调制器   28
投影镜头       29、42、64
投影屏幕       30、43、65
分光器        36、56
第一透镜      37、57
第二透镜      39、59
第三透镜      61
第一幅度调制单元    38、58
第二幅度调制单元    40、60
第三幅度调制单元    62
合光器        41、63
如下具体实施方式将结合上述附图进一步说明本发明。
具体实施方式
请参见图1，图1是本发明一较佳实施方式的投影装置的结构示意图。本发明的投影装置可应用于电影机、工程机、商用教学用机、拼接墙、激光电视及微投等投影设备中。
如图1所示，投影装置100可包括激光光源11、相位空间光调制器12、光学组件13。相位空间光调制器12用于接收激光光源11出射的激光，并根据待投影图像对所述激光进行调制以得到第一调制照明光。第一调制照明光通过光学组件13进行传输时形成第二调制照明光，所述光学组件13对所述入射进来的第一调制照明光的光斑进行展宽以使各个光斑扩展至所述光斑间的暗区，且展宽后的各个光斑之间重叠面积的绝对值不大于预设阈值。
进一步地，为了保证用于投影显示的光场不出现断层现象，即不会出现某处光场内无光的现象，可设置展宽后的各光斑之间的重叠面积为一正数。较佳地，将经过光学组件13展宽后各光斑之间重叠面积设置为零，此时因为投影光场中没有暗区，保证了正常的投影显示，又因为各光斑之间交接处的光场强度与光斑内部的光场强度一致，最大程度地实现了投影显示光场的均匀性。
需要说明的是，在实际应用中，投影显示系统各组件之间存在着复杂的作用及相互作用关系，并不是理想光学系统，本领域技术人员在本技术方案启示下，将展宽后各光斑之间的重叠面积设置成大致为 零的值，例如，将展宽后各光斑之间的重叠面积设置为0.01、0.1等数值，甚至是将展宽后各光斑之间的间距设置为0.01、0.1等对投影显示影响较小的数值也属于本专利保护的范围。在将展宽后各光斑之间的间距设置为一较小值的实施方式中，可将展宽后各光斑之间的重叠面积视为绝对值等于展宽后光斑之间间距的一个负数值。
需要说明的是，本技术方案中的预设阈值可通过多次进行试验进行设定。
另外，第二调制照明光中各光斑之间的重叠面积，不仅仅与光学组件13对第一调制照明光中各光斑展宽的程度有关，而且还与第一调制照明光本身光斑的大小及各光斑的间距有关。
在一种实施方式下，经过调制后的光源光场如图2所示，第一调制照明光按照图像亮度分布分为多个相邻连续的照明区域b，第一调制照明光的光斑b1小于照明区域b，在照明区域b中还设置有暗区a1。第一调制照明光的光斑b1的大小和照明区域b的大小之间的关系根据波长转换元件上照明区域的大小，光斑在波长转换元件上的展宽和第一调制照明光中光斑的数目决定。而第一调制照明光的光斑在波长转换元件上的展宽由转换层材料的厚度、散射粒子大小分布和浓度决定。例如，在180um左右厚度的荧光玻璃层下，光斑展宽半径约为0.1mm。
本实施方式中，所述激光光源11可为单色激光，如蓝色激光，亦可为其他激光。较佳地，所述激光光源11还可为阵列照明光源，相位空间光调制器可以为LCOS空间光调制器或LCD空间光调制器等基于液晶的空间光调制器。
本实施方式中，所述相位空间光调制器12用于根据待投影图像对接收的光进行相位调制以得到所述第一调制照明光，所述第一调制照明光为具有与待投影图像中的亮度分布区域对应的亮度分布的照明区域，且所述照明区域可以呈现为与所述待投影图像的形状对应的矩形照明区域(如图像形状多呈16:9或4:3的矩形状)。
应当理解的是，在待投影图像为动态图像的情形下，所述相位空间光调制器12可实时对每帧图像进行调制，以得到具有相应亮度分布照明光场的第一调制照明光。而在图像帧之间存有差异时，经调制得 到的矩形照明光场中的亮度分布相对不同。而所述第一调制照明光的亮度与所述待投影图像的亮度信息可满足预设关系，所述预设关系包括以下中的任一种：
所述第一调制照明光的亮度与所述待投影图像的像素最大亮度相等；
所述第一调制照明光的亮度与所述待投影图像的预设区域中的像素最大亮度相等；及
所述第一调制照明光的亮度与所述待投影图像中各像素的平均亮度相等。
本实施方式中，所述光学组件可包括透镜等光学器件，因而在接收到所述第一调制照明光后，基于光学组件的光学特性，可对第一调制照明光中的光斑进行展宽，经展宽后可能出现的情形包括：
1)、各个光斑之间未重叠，且未能完全覆盖暗区；
2)、各个光斑之间未重叠，且完全覆盖暗区；
3)、各个光斑之间重叠，且重叠面积较小；
4)、各个光斑之间重叠，且重叠面积较大。
根据有上述情形可知，情形1)和情形4)均会带来照明光分布相对不均匀的问题，情形3)带来的照明分布不均匀的可能性较小，而情形2)则为相对理想情况，即展宽后的光斑恰好覆盖暗区，且各个区域的照明光分布均匀。因而，此处选择出现2)和3)情形可相对满足照明光场分布均匀的需求。
可以理解的是，由于预留的暗区大小相对确定，因而可通过对光学组件13配以同种或不同种、一个或多个透镜进行光处理以实现展宽调节，以使得展宽后的各个光斑重叠面积不大于预设阈值。应当理解的是，对应情形2)，所述展宽后的各个光斑重叠面积等于零。对应情形3)，所述展宽后的各个光斑重叠面积相对较小，而所述预设阈值可为用户所允许的不均匀的照明光分布的最大面积。因而，在利用光学组件13进行光处理以得到所述第二调制照明光的过程中，可包括多级调制，以实现展宽后的各个光斑重叠面积的调节。
本实施方式中，相位空间光调制器12在接收到激光光源出射的激 光后，根据待投影图像对所述激光进行调制即可得到第一调制照明光，且经调制得到的所述第一调制照明光包括光斑及光斑间的暗区。其后，在利用光学组件对接收到的所述第一调制照明光进行光处理以得到第二调制照明光，且得到的第二调制照明光为对所述第一调制照明光的光斑进行展宽，使得各个光斑覆盖所述光斑间的暗区，并且满足展宽后的各个光斑重叠面积不大于预设阈值这一条件，从而有利于实现光分布相对均匀的照明光的提供。与此同时，由于第二调制照明光的亮度相对均匀，因而当其照射至投影装置的幅度空间光调制器后，经幅度空间光调制后得到的待投影图像光的暗光部分与明亮部分之间过渡相对平滑，可实现较佳的局部减暗效果，且利于提升人眼的观影舒适度，有助于提升观众的视觉体验。
本实施方式中，优选展宽后的各个光斑之间的重叠面积等于零，以得到光分布最佳的均匀度。应当理解的是，在光学器件的实际应用中，由于展宽特性及其他因素，存在展宽后的光斑有部分形变的可能性，导致各个光斑不重叠且完全覆盖预留的暗区难以实现，因而此处的各个光斑重叠面积等于零可以视为各个光斑重叠面积趋近于零。
本实施方式中，由于激光光源出射的激光为相干光，而经相位空间光调制器12调制得到的所述第一调制照明光仍为相干光，为减轻因激光具有相干性可能带来的散斑问题，在本实施方式的一个具体实施例，所述光学组件13可包括波长转换元件，用以对一部分的所述第一调制照明光进行波长转换以得到非相干光，另一部分第一调制照明光未进行波长转换仍然为相干光，即光波上各点之间具有固定相位关系。由于相位空间光调制器12特别是液晶的相位空间光调制器，出射光线的相位延迟与波长成反比，因而相位空间光调制器12出射光线不同颜色/波长的光出现分离散开的现象，即存在非常严重的色散问题，从而影响画面的色彩均匀性。另外，经所述波长转换元件进行转换后得到的非相干光多为复合光(同种颜色光混合)，经光学透镜等即会发生色散。所述第一调制照明光经过波长转换元件之后相干光比例减小了，有利于减轻所述投影装置出射光线存在的色散问题。
本实施方式中，所述光学组件还可包括集光透镜及中继透镜，所 述集光透镜用于对所述非相干光及所述相干光(也即未被所述波长转换元件转换的另一部分所述第一调制照明光)进行收集，而所述中继透镜用于对所述集光透镜收集到的光进行中继传输，由此实现一定程度的展宽，同时实现对光的收集及传输的支持。
可以理解的是，所述波长转换元件可以为荧光粉色轮或固定式荧光片。而在所述波长转换元件为荧光粉色轮时，利用所述荧光粉色轮的荧光粉层对一部分的第一调制照明光进行波长转换。相对地，荧光粉层的厚度可决定所述波长转换元件的成像展宽。如在所述荧光粉层的厚度为180微米时，对光斑功率为3分贝的成像展宽约为0.1毫米，也即光斑较入射到荧光粉层上的光斑外围增大0.1毫米，且经过荧光粉色轮的冲击响应可以近似为光斑功率为3分贝、成像展宽为0.1毫米高斯分布函数，因此可依据上述三个数值建立相应的函数关系式，以进行支持实现对展宽的各个光斑重叠面积的调节。
本实施方式中，在所述波长转换元件为荧光粉色轮时，所述展宽的各个光斑重叠面积大小由所述荧光粉色轮的荧光层厚度、散射粒子、散射粒子浓度、以及所述集光透镜和所述中继透镜所具有的透镜像差中的一种或多种确定。
在本实施方式的一种拓展实施方式中，所述投影装置还可包括接收所述调制照明光的幅度空间光调制，所述幅度空间光调制器用于根据待投影图像对所述第二调制照明光进行调制以得到待投影图像光。
可以理解的是，可经投影镜头出射所述待投影图像光，即可得到再现所述待投影图像的投影图像。
参见图2，图2是在一种实施方式下，未经调制的干涉图样的结构示意图。如图2所示，干涉图样呈矩形，包括预留的暗区a1和光斑b1，各个光斑b1均呈矩形，而暗区a1则规则地间隔各个光斑b1。
可以理解的是，根据不同的投影需要，所述干涉图样还可以设置成其他形状的图样，如圆形图样、正六边形图样等。
参见图3，图3是在一种实施方式下，经调制的干涉图样的结构示意图。如图3所示，干涉图样同样呈矩形，包括预留的暗区a2和光斑b2，此外，还包括对应待投影图像中的亮度分布区域的区域c，该 区域c的位置及光强度由待投影图像中的亮度分布区域的位置及光强度决定。
参见图4，图4是利用荧光粉色轮对图3中调制生成的第一调制照明光进行展宽后的效果示意图。如图4所示，较图3而言，荧光粉色轮的荧光粉层对接收到的第一调制照明光中的各个光斑进行展宽以得到展宽后的光斑分布效果，从而使得与图3中的暗区a2区域对应的区域的亮度有所提升，所呈现出的格纹相对模糊化，光场亮度分布相对均匀化。可以理解的是，在光斑被展宽后，所述区域c所对应的区域的边缘变得模糊化。
参见图5和图6，其中，图5是经集光透镜及中继透镜对位于中心位置处的光斑进行展宽所对应的冲击响应函数仿真效果示意图；图6是经集光透镜及中继透镜对位于边缘位置处的光斑进行展宽所对应的冲击响应函数仿真效果示意图。比较图4和图5所展示的效果而言，位于边缘部分的光斑与位于中心部分的光斑所成的像存在较大的差别，而该差别是由透镜像差决定，因而，经荧光粉层展宽后的光再经所述集光透镜和中继透镜时，会因为存在透镜像差而会进一步展宽途经的光。可以理解的是，由于集光透镜和中继透镜均不涉及光的转换，因而可将二者统称为光学系统。
参见图7，图7是包含图4所示的照明光出射后的光分布效果与照明光出射后再经集光透镜和中继透镜进一步展宽后的光分布效果对比示意图。由图可知，照明光(由荧光粉色轮的荧光粉层对第一调制照明光进行展宽后的照明光)出射后再经集光透镜和中继透镜光进一步展缓的光分布进一步均匀化，且亮度曲线变得相对平滑化。
参见图8，图8是一测试图像；图9是对应图8所得到的按照15×10个区域划分的亮度信号图；图10是根据图9中的亮度信号进行调制所得到的第一调制照明光所具有的矩形照明区域示意图；图11是图10中的第一调制照明光由荧光粉色轮展宽后得到的一级第二调制照明光的矩形照明区域示意图；图12是图11中的一级第二调制照明光由光学系统展宽后得到的二级第二调制照明光的矩形照明区域示意图。
本实施方式中，将图8中的图像划分为15×10个亮度分布区域， 经亮度采集后，所得到的亮度分布信号如图9所示，各个亮度分布位置向对应。在根据图9中的亮度信号进行调制所得到的第一调制照明光所具有的矩形照明区域后，得到如图10所示的第一调制照明光所具有的矩形照明区域效果图。
如图11所示，为第一调制照明光由荧光粉色轮展宽后得到的一级第二调制照明光的矩形照明区域效果图，展宽后，所呈现出的格纹相对模糊化，光场亮度分布相对均匀化。
如图12所示，为一级第二调制照明光由光学系统展宽后得到的二级第二调制照明光的矩形照明区域效果图，光分布相对进一步均匀化。
对应前述提供的投影装置，本发明还提供一种投影装置控制方法，可以理解的是，由于在前述的投影装置存在对相应光学器件的功能、用途和/或效果描述，因此此处不再赘述。
如图13所示，是本发明一实施方式下的投影装置控制方法的流程图，所述方法可包括如下步骤：
S101：控制激光光源输出激光。
S102：根据待投影图像对接收到的激光进行调制得到第一调制照明光，所述第一调制照明光包括光斑及光斑间的暗区。
S103：利用光学组件对所述第一调制照明光的光斑进行展宽以使所述光斑间的暗区被覆盖，从而得到第二调制照明光，所述第二调制照明光各个光斑之间的重叠面积不大于预设阈值。
本实施方式中，相位空间光调制器在接收到激光光源出射的激光后，根据待投影图像对所述激光进行调制即可得到第一调制照明光，且经调制得到的所述第一调制照明光包括光斑及光斑间的暗区。其后，在利用光学组件对接收到的所述第一调制照明光进行光处理以得到第二调制照明光，且得到的第二调制照明光满足对所述第一调制照明光的光斑进行展宽，使得各个光斑覆盖所述光斑间的暗区，并且展宽后的各个光斑重叠面积不大于预设阈值这一条件，从而有利于实现光分布相对均匀的照明光的提供。
本实施方式中，优选经控制后，展宽后的各个光斑之间的重叠面积等于零。
本实施方式中，所述相位空间光调制器为基于液晶的空间光调制器。此处，所述光学组件包括波长转换元件，所述波长转换元件用于对一部分的所述第一调制照明光进行波长转换以得到非相干光。
当然，所述光学组件还包括集光透镜及中继透镜，所述集光透镜用于对所述非相干光及另一部分的所述第一调制照明光进行收集；所述中继透镜用于对所述集光透镜收集到的光进行中继传输。
在所述波长转换元件为荧光粉色轮时，所述展宽的各个光斑重叠面积大小由所述荧光粉色轮的荧光层厚度、散射粒子、散射粒子浓度、以及所述集光透镜和所述中继透镜所具有的透镜像差中的一种或多种确定。
本实施方式中，所述第一调制照明光的亮度与所述待投影图像的亮度信息满足预设关系，所述预设关系包括以下中的任一种：
所述第一调制照明光的亮度与所述待投影图像的像素最大亮度相等；
所述第一调制照明光的亮度与所述待投影图像的预设区域中的像素最大亮度相等；及
所述第一调制照明光的亮度与所述待投影图像中各像素的平均亮度相等。
可以理解的是，在得到所述第二调制照明光后，还可利用幅度空间光调制器根据待投影图像对所述第二调制照明光进行调制以得到待投影图像光。
参见图14，图14是在一实施方式下，采用时序合光方式下的投影系统结构示意图。本实施方式的投影系统200先利用图像处理器22对待投影图像21进行分析以得到待投影图像的亮度信息及RGB三原色信息，其中，相位空间光调制器24用于根据所述待投影图像的亮度信息对激光器23出射的激光进行调制，以得到第一调制照明光。其后，第一调制照明光被出射至荧光粉色轮25上，并由其按时序生成红光、绿光、蓝光，生成的红光、绿光及蓝光在滤光片26的滤光作用下，输出指定颜色的光，并在透镜27的光学作用下传递至幅度空间光调制器28，且传递至所述幅度空间光调制器28的光为由荧光粉色轮25、滤 光片26、透镜27的光处理作用下进行展宽所得到的第二调制照明光，包括红色第二调制照明光、绿色第二调制照明光及蓝色第二调制照明光。
本实施方式中，利用荧光粉色轮25的荧光粉层、透镜27对所述第一调制照明光进行展宽，使得照射到所述幅度空间光调制器28的第二调制照明光的光分布相对均匀，因而由所述幅度空间光调制器28进行调制所生成的待投影图像光的亮度还原度更高，有助于提升视觉体验。
所述幅度空间光调制器28根据图像RGB三原色信息分别对红色第二调制照明光、绿色第二调制照明光及蓝色第二调制照明光进行调制以加载待投影图像的图像内容信息得到待投影图像光，所述待投影图像光经投影镜头29进行投射，以在投影屏幕30上依次呈现红光图像、绿光图像及蓝光图像。可以理解的是，利用人眼的视觉暂留效应，上述依次呈现的光可在人脑中合成相应的彩色图像。
参见图15，图15是在一实施方式下，采用时序合光及空间合光方式下的投影系统300的结构示意图。
本实施方式的投影系统300同样先利用图像处理器32对待投影图像31进行分析以得到待投影图像的亮度信息及RGB三原色信息，其中，相位空间光调制器34用于根据所述待投影图像的亮度信息对激光器33出射的激光进行调制，以得到第一调制照明光。
其后，第一调制照明光被出射至荧光粉色轮35上并由其生成红光、绿光及蓝光，生成的红光、绿光及蓝光在分光器36的作用下分为红蓝时序光光路、绿光光路或分为红光光路、绿蓝时序光光路。
在一具体实施例下：在所述红蓝光路中，红蓝时序光在第一透镜37的光学作用下传递至第一幅度调制单元38，并由所述第一幅度调制单元38根据待投影图像进行调制，从而得到红色第二调制照明光待投影图像光、蓝色待投影图像光。而在所述绿光光路中，绿光在第二透镜39的光学作用下传递至第二幅度调制单元40，并由所述第二幅度调制单元40根据待投影图像进行调制以得到绿色待投影图像光。此处，第一透镜37和第二透镜39可统称为光学系统，所述第一幅度调 制单元38和所述第二幅度调制单元40可统称为幅度空间光调制器；所述荧光粉色轮35可为黄色荧光粉色轮，因而分光器36可用于将所述黄色荧光粉色轮生成的白光分为在红蓝光光路上传输的红蓝光时序光及在绿光路上传输的绿光。
在另一具体实施例下：在红光光路中，红光在第一透镜37的光学作用下传递至第一幅度调制单元38，并由所述第一幅度调制单元38根据待投影图像进行调制以得到红色待投影图像光。而在所述绿蓝光路中，绿蓝时序光在第二透镜39的光学作用下传递至第二幅度调制单元40，并有所述第二幅度调制单元40根据待投影图像进行调制以得到绿色待投影图像光、蓝色待投影图像光。
其后，利用合光器41接收所述红色待投影图像光、所述绿色待投影图像光、蓝色待投影图像光，并将该三原色待投影图像光引导至同一光路上进行传输。
最后，所述三原色待投影图像光经投影镜头42进行投射，以在投影屏幕43上显示图像。
可以理解的是，本投影系统300中的荧光粉色轮35、分光器36及第一透镜37、第二透镜39所组成的结构可视为前述的光学组件。
本实施方式中，利用荧光粉色轮35的荧光粉层、第一透镜37、第二透镜39对经相位空间光调制器34调制所生成的第一调制照明光进行展宽得到第二调制照明光，且第二调制照明光的亮度相对均匀化，因而有利于经幅度空间光调制单元调制所生成的待投影图像光的亮度还原度更高，提升视觉体验。
参见图16，图16是在一实施方式下，采用空间光合光方式下的投影系统500的结构示意图。本实施方式的投影系统500先利用图像处理器52对待投影图像51进行分析以得到待投影图像的亮度信息及RGB三原色信息，其中，相位空间光调制器54用于根据所述待投影图像的亮度信息对激光器53出射的激光进行调制，以得到第一调制照明光。
其后，第一调制照明光被出射至荧光粉色轮55上并由其生成红光、绿光及蓝光，生成的红光、绿光及蓝光在分光器56的作用下分为 红光光路、绿光光路及蓝光光路。在红光光路中，红光在第一透镜57的光学作用下传递至第一幅度调制单元58，并由所述第一幅度调制单元38根据待投影图像的红色信息进行调制以得到红色待投影图像光。在绿光光路中，绿光在第二透镜59的光学作用下传递至第二幅度调制单元60，并由所述第二幅度调制单元60根据待投影图像的绿色信息进行调制以得到绿色待投影图像光。在蓝光光路中，蓝光在第三透镜61的光学作用下传递至第三幅度调制单元62，并由所述第三幅度调制单元62根据待投影图像的蓝色信息进行调制以得到蓝色待投影图像。所述红色待投影图像光、所述绿色待投影图像光及所述蓝色待投影图像光由合光器63进行合光处理，最后，由投影镜头64将其同时或按时序投影至投影屏幕65上。
可以理解的是，此处的相位空间光调制器54为硅基液晶空间光调制器，荧光粉色轮55可为黄色荧光粉色轮。
所述投影系统500还包括合光器63，所述合光器63用于将所述红色待投影图像光、所述绿色待投影图像光及所述蓝色待投影图像光引导至同一光路上。
可以理解的是，本投影系统500中的荧光粉色轮55、分光器56及第一透镜57、第二透镜59、第三透镜61所组成的结构可视为前述的光学组件。
可以理解的是，图14至图16中所述的透镜可包括同种或不同种、一个或多个透镜，以对第一调制照明光进行光处理实现展宽的调节。
综上，相较于现有技术，本发明提供的投影装置的相位空间光调制器在接收到激光光源出射的激光后，根据待投影图像对所述激光进行调制即可得到第一调制照明光，且经调制得到的所述第一调制照明光包括光斑及光斑间的暗区。其后，在利用光学组件对接收到的所述第一调制照明光进行光处理以得到第二调制照明光，且得到的第二调制照明光满足对所述第一调制照明光的光斑进行展宽，使得各个光斑覆盖所述光斑间的暗区，并且满足展宽后的各个光斑重叠面积不大于预设阈值这一条件，从而有利于实现光分布相对均匀的照明光的提供。与此同时，由于第二调制照明光的亮度相对均匀，因而当其照射至投 影装置的幅度空间光调制器后，经幅度空间光调制后得到的待投影图像光的暗光部分与明亮部分之间过渡相对平滑，可实现较佳的局部减暗效果，且利于提升人眼的观影舒适度，有助于提升观众的视觉体验。
进一步的，利用相位空间光调制器进行照明光的调制，可根据待投影图像实时调制出具有相应亮度分布的第一调制照明光，可实现高动态范围(High-Dynamic Range，HDR)图像的投影，且能够相对保证投影图像的亮度，有利于提升投影装置的性能。
进一步的，在光学组件包括荧光粉色轮及相应透镜的基础上，干涉图样预留的暗区可有效减小光斑在展宽过程中对亮度分布均匀度的影响，利于实现较好的高动态范围图像投影效果。
以上仅为本发明的实施方式，并非因此限制本发明的专利范围，凡是利用本发明说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换，或直接或间接运用在其它相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种投影装置，其特征在于，所述装置包括：
    激光光源；
    相位空间光调制器，用于接收所述激光光源出射的激光，并根据待投影图像对所述激光进行调制得到第一调制照明光，所述第一调制照明光包括光斑及光斑间的暗区；以及
    光学组件，用于接收所述第一调制照明光，对所述第一调制照明光的光斑进行展宽以使所述光斑扩展至所述暗区，从而得到第二调制照明光，所述第二调制照明光各个光斑之间重叠面积的绝对值不大于预设阈值。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的投影装置，其特征在于，所述第一调制照明光展宽后的各个光斑重叠面积等于零。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的投影装置，其特征在于，所述光学组件包括波长转换元件，所述第一调制照明光的光斑被展宽的大小由所述波长转换元件的特性确定。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的投影装置，其特征在于，所述波长转换元件的特性包括波长转换元件中波长转换层的厚度、散射粒子的大小分布及浓度。
  5. 如权利要求3所述的投影装置，其特征在于，所述光学组件还包括透镜单元，所述第一调制照明光的光斑被展宽的大小由所述波长转换元件的特性以及所述透镜单元的光学参数确定。
  6. 如权利要求3所述的投影装置，其特征在于，所述第一调制照明光的光斑大小及光斑间暗区的大小由所述波长转换元件上照明区域的大小、所述光斑在所述波长转换元件上的展宽以及所述第一调制照明光中光斑的数目确定。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的投影装置，其特征在于，所述第二调制照明光各个光斑之间的重叠面积为大于零的正值。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的投影装置，其特征在于，所述相位空间光调制器为基于液晶的空间光调制器。
  9. 如权利要求1至7任一项所述的投影装置，其特征在于，所述 装置还包括：
    接收所述第二调制照明光的幅度空间光调制器，所述幅度空间光调制器用于根据待投影图像对所述第二调制照明光进行调制以得到待投影图像光。
  10. 如权利要求1至7任一项所述的投影装置，其特征在于，所述激光光源为蓝色激光光源。
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