WO2020124463A1 - 天线单元和天线阵列 - Google Patents

天线单元和天线阵列 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020124463A1
WO2020124463A1 PCT/CN2018/122193 CN2018122193W WO2020124463A1 WO 2020124463 A1 WO2020124463 A1 WO 2020124463A1 CN 2018122193 W CN2018122193 W CN 2018122193W WO 2020124463 A1 WO2020124463 A1 WO 2020124463A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
dielectric plate
directors
slot
director
antenna unit
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PCT/CN2018/122193
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
邓长顺
黄涛
樊磊
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华为技术有限公司
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Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2018/122193 priority Critical patent/WO2020124463A1/zh
Publication of WO2020124463A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020124463A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/28—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using a secondary device in the form of two or more substantially straight conductive elements
    • H01Q19/30—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using a secondary device in the form of two or more substantially straight conductive elements the primary active element being centre-fed and substantially straight, e.g. Yagi antenna
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of communications, and more specifically, to antenna units and antenna arrays in the field of communications.
  • the requirements for the antenna gain are becoming higher and higher.
  • the number of antenna units will be increased during the design of the antenna. In this way, the data of the increased antenna unit will not only increase in volume, but also increase the number, which will make the feed network involved more complicated, and involve cost and difficulty Increase accordingly.
  • the gain of a single antenna is increased by increasing the number of directors, but multiple directors need to be welded to the metal bar of the central axis, and it is difficult to install the director. Higher gain is needed, and more directors will be introduced, which will further increase the difficulty of installing directors.
  • the present application provides an antenna unit and an antenna array, which can reduce the difficulty of installing a director.
  • an antenna unit including: a first dielectric plate (10), the first dielectric plate (10) is fixed with M directors (11), and the M directors (11) )
  • Each director (11) consists of at least two parts that are not connected to each other, M is a positive integer.
  • M directors are fixed on the first dielectric plate (10), which can avoid welding, thereby reducing installation difficulty, and also helping to reduce costs.
  • each director (11) is composed of at least two parts that are not connected to each other, which will enlarge the aperture of the antenna and thus increase the gain of the antenna.
  • the M directors (11) are fixed on the first dielectric plate, which can reduce the installation difficulty of the M directors, that is, no welding is required.
  • the first dielectric board may be a printed circuit board, so that M directors can be printed on the printed circuit board, so that the M directors are fixed to the printed circuit board, so that soldering can be avoided, and the guiding can be reduced The difficulty of the installation of the device.
  • the first dielectric plate can be electroplated with M directors on the plastic element through a laser direct molding process, which can avoid welding and reduce the difficulty of installing the directors.
  • each director (11) is composed of at least two parts that are not connected to each other, which can be understood as: each director is composed of two parts, the two parts are not connected to each other, and there is a gap between the two parts; Or, each director is composed of more than two parts, any two of the more than two parts are not connected to each other, and there is a gap between each part.
  • Disconnected can be understood as: disconnected at the physical level, not connected by metal conductors, such as not connected by wires or cables.
  • Each director is composed of at least two parts that are not connected to each other. Each part can be called a guiding unit, and at least two guiding units form a director.
  • the M directors (11) on the first dielectric plate (10) are parallel to each other.
  • the M directors (11) on the first dielectric plate (10) may not be parallel.
  • a drive unit (13) is fixed to the bottom of the front surface of the first dielectric plate (10), and a feed balun (14) is fixed to the bottom of the reverse surface of the first dielectric plate (10).
  • the driving unit (13) may also be called a radiator or a radiation arm, etc., which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the antenna unit further includes: a second dielectric plate (20), the second dielectric plate (20) is fixed with M directors (21), and the M directors (21) 21)
  • Each director (21) is composed of at least two parts that are not connected to each other; one director (11) of the M directors (11) and the M directors (21) ), one director (21) constitutes a group of directors, a total of M groups of directors, each group of directors includes the director (11) on the first dielectric plate (10) and The director (21) on the second dielectric plate (20) is vertical in the same plane.
  • the M directors on the second dielectric plate (20) are parallel to each other.
  • the M directors (21) on the second dielectric plate (20) may not be parallel.
  • the first dielectric plate (10) has a slot (12) in the upper half
  • the second dielectric plate (20) has a slot (22) in the lower half
  • the first The dielectric plate (10) and the second dielectric plate (20) are connected to each other through the slot (12) and the slot (22).
  • the first dielectric plate (10) and the second dielectric plate (20) have the same size, and the depth of the slot (12) is equal to the depth of the slot (22) And are the length of the first dielectric plate (10) or the second dielectric plate (20), the width of the slot (12) is the same as the thickness of the second dielectric plate (20), the slit The width of the groove (22) is the same as the thickness of the first dielectric plate (10).
  • a drive unit (23) is fixed at the bottom of the front surface of the second dielectric plate (20), and a feed balun (24) is fixed at the bottom of the opposite surface of the second dielectric plate (23).
  • the depth of the slot (22) is smaller than the height of the feed balun (24).
  • the slot (22) Since the depth of the slot (22) is smaller than the height of the feed balun (24), the slot (22) will not damage the feed balun (24).
  • the antenna unit further includes: a differential feeding unit (30) disposed on the chassis of the first dielectric plate (10) and the second dielectric plate (20). In this way, the differential feed unit (30) can supply power to the first dielectric plate (10) and the second dielectric plate (20).
  • the first dielectric board (10) and the second dielectric board (20) are printed circuit boards PCB.
  • the first dielectric plate (10) and the second dielectric plate (20) are electroplated by laser direct forming LDS process.
  • an antenna array including a plurality of the antenna units according to the first aspect or any one of the first aspect.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an antenna unit provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of another antenna unit provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of another antenna unit provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of another antenna unit provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of another antenna unit provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a top view of an antenna unit provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of butt insertion of two dielectric boards provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a differential feeding unit provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of another antenna unit provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of another antenna unit provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the director is a vibrator superimposed in phase with the radiation field of the drive unit in the radiation direction.
  • the drive unit also known as the radiating arm, is a vibrator that radiates directly from the feed network.
  • the feeding balun is a device that can realize balanced feeding and impedance matching.
  • PCB Printed circuit board
  • PCB is the support body of electronic components. It is made by electronic printing. PCB can avoid the error of manual wiring, and can realize automatic insertion or placement of electronic components, automatic soldering, Automatic detection ensures the quality of electronic equipment, improves labor productivity, reduces costs, and facilitates maintenance.
  • Laser direct molding (LDS) process which uses a computer to control the movement of the laser according to the trajectory of the conductive pattern, projects the laser onto the molded three-dimensional plastic device, and activates the circuit pattern in a few seconds .
  • LDS Laser direct molding
  • laser plastic laser technology is used to directly form metal antenna patterns on the molded plastic brackets, and the antennas can be directly lasered on the mobile phone shell.
  • one or more antenna units in the embodiments of the present application may form an antenna array, and the antenna array is used to send and receive data.
  • the antenna array can be used for communication between the base station and the base station; alternatively, the antenna array can also be used for communication between the base station and the terminal device.
  • the drawings in the embodiments of the present application are all made of a director composed of two parts, and the drawings do not limit the embodiments of the present application in any way.
  • the device may be composed of at least two parts, for example, three parts, and each part is not connected to each other.
  • 1 is an antenna unit provided by an embodiment of the present application, including: a first dielectric plate (10), the first dielectric plate (10) is fixed with M directors (11), the M directors ( Each director (11) in 11) is composed of at least two parts that are not connected to each other, and M is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2.
  • the first dielectric plate is composed of 4 directors (11), and each director (11) is composed of two parts that are not connected to count from top to bottom Take the first director as an example.
  • the director (11) is composed of two parts a and b, which are separated by the middle and are not connected.
  • the two parts a and b can also be called the guiding unit.
  • the M directors are parallel to each other; alternatively, there may be at least two directors that are not parallel among the M directors.
  • M directors are fixed on the first dielectric plate (10), which can avoid welding, thereby reducing installation difficulty, and also helping to reduce costs; further, each director (11) All are composed of at least two parts that are not connected to each other, which will enlarge the aperture of the antenna and thus increase the gain of the antenna.
  • the M directors (11) are fixed on the first dielectric plate, which can reduce the installation difficulty of the M directors, that is, no welding is required.
  • the first dielectric board may be a printed circuit board, so that M directors can be printed on the printed circuit board, so that the M directors are fixed to the printed circuit board, so that soldering can be avoided, and the guiding can be reduced The difficulty of the installation of the device.
  • the first dielectric plate can be electroplated with M directors on the plastic element through a laser direct molding process, which can avoid welding and reduce the difficulty of installing the directors.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the shape of the director (11), for example, it may be a long shape as shown in FIG. 1.
  • the shape of the director (11) may also be an ellipse, a diamond or a leaf.
  • a drive unit (13) is fixed at the bottom of the front surface of the first dielectric plate (10), and a feed balun is fixed at the bottom of the reverse surface of the first dielectric plate (10) (14).
  • the director (11), the driving unit (13) and the feeder balun (14) are fixed on the same dielectric board, which can reduce the installation complexity and the installation cost.
  • the embodiments of the present application do not make any restrictions on the shapes of the driving unit (11) and the feeding balun (14), for example, the driving unit (11) may have the shape shown in FIG. 2 or a T shape. Wait, the feeding balun (14) can be N-shaped or M-shaped.
  • the antenna unit may further include a second dielectric board (20), similar to the first dielectric board (10), the second dielectric board (20) is fixed with M pieces A director (21), each director (21) of the M directors (21) is composed of at least two parts that are not connected to each other.
  • the M directors on the second dielectric plate (20) are parallel to each other.
  • the M directors (21) on the second dielectric plate (20) may not be parallel, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the first dielectric plate is composed of four directors (21) parallel to each other, and each director (21) is composed of two unconnected parts.
  • the director (21) Take the first director down, for example, the director (21) is composed of two parts c and d, the two parts are separated by the middle and are not connected.
  • the two parts c and d can also be called the guiding unit.
  • the number of parts constituting the director (11) and the number of parts constituting (21) may be the same or different.
  • the director (11) in FIG. 1 is composed of two parts a and b.
  • the commutator (21) is composed of two parts, c and d, so that when the first dielectric plate (10) and the second dielectric plate (20) form a dual-polarized antenna unit, the gain of the two dielectric plates can be ensured to be the same.
  • the director (11) is composed of two parts that are not connected to each other, and the director (21) is composed of three parts that are not connected to each other.
  • a drive unit (23) is fixed at the bottom of the front surface of the second dielectric plate (20), and a feed balun (24) is fixed at the bottom of the opposite surface of the second dielectric plate (23), as shown in FIG. 4
  • the director (21), the drive unit (23) and the feeder balun (24) are on the same dielectric board, which can reduce the installation complexity and cost.
  • one director (11) of the M directors (11) and one director (21) of the M directors (21) form a group
  • the directors form a total of M groups of directors, and each group of directors includes the director (11) and the director (21) vertical, for example, the director (11) and the director
  • the director (21) may be vertical in the same plane or vertical in different planes.
  • Figure 5 shows the situation of being perpendicular in the same plane
  • M is 4, four directors (11) in the first dielectric plate, four directors (21) in the second dielectric plate, one (11) and a director (21) form a group of directors, a total of four groups of directors, two parts a and b constitute the director (11), two parts c and d constitute the director (21 ), the director (11) composed of a and b is perpendicular to the director (21) composed of c and d in the same plane.
  • the top view of FIG. 5 shows that, as shown in FIG. 6, the first dielectric plate (10) and the second dielectric plate (20) are vertical from a top view.
  • the first dielectric plate (10) and the second dielectric plate (20) in FIGS. 1 to 6 may be electroplated by the LDS process, then the director (11), the driving unit (13) and the power feed
  • the balun (14) can be electroplated by the LDS process and fixed on the first dielectric plate (10).
  • the director (21), the radiation arm (23) and the feeder balun (24) can be electroplated by the LDS process and fixed on the second dielectric plate (20).
  • the first dielectric plate (10) and the second dielectric plate (20) may be electroplated through the LDS process.
  • the first dielectric plate (10) and the second dielectric plate (20) can be connected by slotting.
  • the first dielectric board (10) and the second dielectric board (20) in FIGS. 1 to 6 may be PCB boards.
  • the director (11), the driving unit (13) and the feed balun (14) Can be printed on the PCB board.
  • the director (21), the radiation arm (23) and the feeding balun (24) can be printed on the PCB.
  • the first dielectric plate (10) and the second dielectric plate (20) can be connected by slotting. The following describes a case where the first dielectric plate (10) and the second dielectric plate (20) can be connected by slotting.
  • the first dielectric plate (10) has a slot (12) in the upper half
  • the second dielectric plate (20) has a slot (22) in the lower half
  • the first A dielectric plate (10) and the second dielectric plate (20) are connected to each other through the slot (12) and the slot (22).
  • the slot (12) is shown in FIG. 2
  • the slot (22) is shown in FIG. 4.
  • FIG. 7 shows a schematic diagram of the insertion of two dielectric plates, for example, the first dielectric plate (10) If there is a slot in the upper half, and if there is a slot in the lower half of the second dielectric plate (20), the second dielectric plate (20) is inserted into (10) in pairs to obtain the top insertion diagram in FIG. 7.
  • the first dielectric plate (10) and the second dielectric plate (20) have the same size, that is, the first dielectric plate (10) and the second dielectric plate (20) Same size and same shape.
  • the sum of the depth of the slot (12) and the depth of the slot (22) is the length of the first dielectric plate (10) or the second dielectric plate (20), the slot (12) ) Has the same width as the thickness of the second dielectric plate (20), and the width of the slot (22) is the same as the thickness of the first dielectric plate (10).
  • the two dielectric plates can be inserted together through the slot (12) in FIG. 2 and the slot (22) in FIG. 4, so that welding can be avoided.
  • the bottom of the second dielectric plate (23) is fixed with a feed balun (24), and the slot (22)
  • the depth of is less than the height of the feed balun (24), so that the slot (22) can be prevented from damaging the feed balun.
  • the first dielectric plate (10) has a slot in the lower half
  • the second dielectric plate (20) has a slot in the upper half
  • the first dielectric plate (10) The depth of the slot is less than the height of the feed balun (14), so that the slot can be prevented from damaging the feed balun (14).
  • the first dielectric plate (10) and the second dielectric plate (20) can be fed through a differential feed unit in addition to the drive unit (13) and the drive unit (23), for example, the antenna unit also It includes: a differential feeding unit (30) provided on the chassis of the first dielectric board (10) and the second dielectric board (20), so that the first dielectric board ( 10) Feeding with the second dielectric board (20).
  • the differential feed unit is shown in FIG. 8, that is, when the differential feed unit (30) is used for feeding, it is not necessary to feed the balun (14) and the feed balun (24).
  • the first The dielectric plate (10) is shown in FIG. 9, and at this time, the slot (12) of the first dielectric plate may not be limited.
  • the second dielectric plate (20) is similar to the first dielectric plate, except that the slot (22) is below. In this way, when the first dielectric plate (10) and the second dielectric plate (20) are fed by the differential feeding unit (30), the schematic diagram is shown in FIG.
  • the slot between the first dielectric plate (10) and the second dielectric plate (20) can be unrestricted. Just plug it in.
  • the slot of the first dielectric plate (10) can be in the upper half, and the slot of the second dielectric plate (20) can be in the lower half; alternatively, the first dielectric plate (10) ) May be in the lower half, and the second dielectric plate (20) may be in the upper half. This embodiment of the present application does not limit this.
  • connection relationship is only a schematic connection relationship, and does not limit the antenna unit or the antenna array of the application.

Abstract

本申请提供了一种天线单元，包括：第一介质板(10)，所述第一介质板(10)固定有的M个引向器(11)，所述M个引向器(11)中每个引向器(11)由互不相连的至少两部分组成，M为正整数，这样，M个引向器(11)可以集成在一个介质板上，从而可以降低引向器的安装难度。

Description

天线单元和天线阵列 技术领域
本申请涉及通信领域，并且更具体地，涉及通信领域中的天线单元和天线阵列。
背景技术
为了满足设备与设备之间远距离的通信需求，对天线的增益的要求也越来越高。为了提高天线的增益，在设计天线过程中会增加天线单元的数量，这样，增加的天线单元的数据不仅体积增加，数量也增加，会使得馈电网络的涉及比较复杂，并且涉及成本和难度也相应的增加。现有技术中，为了提高天线的增益，通过增加引向器的数量，来增加单个天线的增益，但是多个引向器需要焊接在中心轴的金属条上，安装引向器比较困难，当需要更高的增益，会引入更多的引向器，这样会进一步增加安装引向器的难度。
发明内容
本申请提供一种天线单元和天线阵列，可以降低安装引向器的难度。
第一方面，提供了一种天线单元，包括：第一介质板(10)，所述第一介质板(10)固定有M个引向器(11)，所述M个引向器(11)中每个引向器(11)由互不相连的至少两部分组成，M为正整数。
因此，本申请实施例中，M个引向器固定在第一介质板(10)上，这样可以避免焊接，从而可以降低安装难度，同时也有助于降低成本。
进一步地，每个引向器(11)都是有互不相连的至少两部分组成，这样会扩大天线的口径，从而能够增加天线的增益。
更进一步地，M个引向器(11)固定在第一介质板上，可以降低M个引向器的安装难度，即不需要焊接。例如，第一介质板可以是印刷电路板，这样可以将M个引向器印刷在印刷电路板上，使得M个引向器固定到印刷电路板上，从而可以避免焊接，从而可以降低引向器的安装难度。又例如，第一介质板可以通过激光直接成型工艺在塑胶元件上电镀出M个引向器，这样可以避免焊接，从而可以降低引向器的安装难度。
需要说明的是，每个引向器(11)由互不相连的至少两部分组成，可以理解为：每个引向器由两部分组成，这两部分互不相连，两部分中间有间隔；或者，每个引向器由两个以上的部分组成，两个以上的部分中任意两部分互不相连，并且每部分中间都有间隔。
不相连可以理解为：在物理层面上是断开的，没有通过金属导体连接起来，例如没有通过电线或电缆等连接起来。
每个引向器由互不相连的至少两部分组成，每部分可以称为一个引向单元，至少两个引向单元组成一个引向器。
可选地，第一介质板(10)上的M个引向器(11)互相平行。当然，第一介质板(10)上的M个引向器(11)可以不平行。
在某些实现方式中，所述第一介质板(10)的正面的底部固定有驱动单元(13)，所述第一介质板(10)的反面底部固定有馈电巴伦(14)。
可选地，驱动单元(13)也可以称为辐射器或者辐射臂等，本申请实施例对此不作限制。
在某些实现方式中，所述天线单元还包括：第二介质板(20)，所述第二介质板(20)固定有M个引向器(21)，所述M个引向器(21)中每个引向器(21)由互不相连的至少两部分组成；所述M个引向器(11)中的一个引向器(11)与所述M个引向器(21)中的一个引向器(21)组成一组引向器，共组成M组引向器，每组引向器包括的所述第一介质板(10)上的引向器(11)和所述第二介质板(20)上的引向器(21)在同一平面内垂直。
可选地，第二介质板(20)上的M个引向器互相平行。当然，第二介质板(20)上的M个引向器(21)也可以不平行。
在某些实现方式中，所述第一介质板(10)上半部分的有缝槽(12)，所述第二介质板(20)下半部分有缝槽(22)，所述第一介质板(10)与所述第二介质板(20)通过所述缝槽(12)和缝槽(22)对插连接。
在某些实现方式中，所述第一介质板(10)与所述第二介质板(20)的尺寸相同，所述缝槽(12)的深度与所述缝槽(22)的深度之和为所述第一介质板(10)或所述第二介质板(20)的长度，所述缝槽(12)的宽度与所述第二介质板(20)的厚度相同，所述缝槽(22)的宽度与所述第一介质板(10)的厚度相同。
在某些实现方式中，所述第二介质板(20)的正面底部固定有驱动单元(23)，所述第二介质板(23)的反面底部固定有馈电巴伦(24)，所述缝槽(22)的深度小于所述馈电巴伦(24)的高度。
由于缝槽(22)的深度小于所述馈电巴伦(24)的高度，这样，缝槽(22)就不会破坏馈电巴伦(24)。
在某些实现方式中，所述天线单元还包括：设置于所述第一介质板(10)和第二介质板(20)的底盘上的差分馈电单元(30)。这样，差分馈电单元(30)就可以给第一介质板(10)和第二介质板(20)供电。
在某些实现方式中，第一介质板(10)和第二介质板(20)为印刷电路板PCB。
在某些实现方式中，第一介质板(10)和第二介质板(20)通过激光直接成型LDS工艺电镀而成。
第二方面，提供了一种天线阵列，包括多个上述第一方面或第一方面中任一项所述的天线单元。
附图说明
图1是本申请实施例提供的天线单元的示意图。
图2是本申请实施例提供的另一天线单元的示意图。
图3是本申请实施例提供的另一天线单元的示意图。
图4是本申请实施例提供的另一天线单元的示意图。
图5是本申请实施例提供的另一天线单元的示意图。
图6是本申请实施例提供的天线单元的俯视图。
图7是本申请实施例提供的两个介质板的对插的示意图。
图8是本申请实施例提供的差分馈电单元的示意图。
图9是本申请实施例提供的另一天线单元的示意图。
图10是本申请实施例提供的另一天线单元的示意图。
具体实施方式
下面对本申请用到的术语进行解释：
引向器，在辐射方向上与驱动单元的辐射场同相位叠加的振子。
驱动单元，也称为辐射臂直接因馈电网络馈电而进行辐射的振子。
馈电巴伦，是能够实现平衡馈电以及阻抗匹配的装置。
印刷电路板(printed circuit board，PCB)，是电子元器件的支撑体，采用电子印刷术制作，采用PCB可以避免人工接线的差错，并且可以实现电子元器件自动插装或贴装、自动焊锡、自动检测，保证了电子设备的质量，提高了劳动生产率、降低了成本，并便于维修。
激光直接成型(laser direct structuring，LDS)工艺，利用计算机按照导电图形的轨迹控制激光的运动，将激光投照到模塑成型的三维塑料器件上，在几秒钟的时间内，活化出电路图案。例如，在手机天线的设计和生成中，在成型的塑料支架上，利用激光镭射技术直接在支架上化镀形成金属天线模式，可以直接将天线镭射在手机外壳上。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例中的一个或多个天线单元可以组成天线阵列，天线阵列用于收发数据。可选地，天线阵列可以用于基站与基站之间进行通信；可选地，天线阵列也可以用于基站与终端设备之间进行通信。
需要说明的是，为了描述清楚，本申请实施例的附图都是以一个引向器由两部分组成为例，附图并不对本申请实施例进行任何限定，本申请实施例的一个引向器可以由至少两部分组成，例如，三部分，并且每部分都互不相连。
下面将结合附图，对本申请中的技术方案进行描述。
图1是本申请实施例提供的天线单元，包括：第一介质板(10)，所述第一介质板(10)固定有M个引向器(11)，所述M个引向器(11)中每个引向器(11)由互不相连的至少两部分组成，M为大于或等于2的正整数。
如图1所示，以M等于4为例，第一介质板由4个引向器(11)组成，每个引向器(11)由不相连的两部分组成，以从上往下数第一个引向器为例，该引向器(11)由a和b两部分组成，这两部分由中间隔开，不相连。a和b两部分也可以称为引向单元。
可选地，M个引向器互相平行；可选地，M个引向器中也可以存在至少两个引向器不平行。
因此，本申请实施例中，M个引向器固定在第一介质板(10)上，这样可以避免焊接，从而可以降低安装难度，同时也有助于降低成本；进一步地，每个引向器(11)都是有互不相连的至少两部分组成，这样会扩大天线的口径，从而能够增加天线的增益。
进一步地更进一步地，M个引向器(11)固定在第一介质板上，可以降低M个引向器的安装难度，即不需要焊接。例如，第一介质板可以是印刷电路板，这样可以将M个 引向器印刷在印刷电路板上，使得M个引向器固定到印刷电路板上，从而可以避免焊接，从而可以降低引向器的安装难度。又例如，第一介质板可以通过激光直接成型工艺在塑胶元件上电镀出M个引向器，这样可以避免焊接，从而可以降低引向器的安装难度。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例对引向器(11)的形状不作任何限定，例如，可以是如图1所示的长条形。当然引向器(11)的形状还可以是椭圆形、菱形或者树叶形等等。
作为一个可选实施例，如图2所示，该第一介质板(10)正面的底部固定有驱动单元(13)，所述第一介质板(10)的反面底部固定有馈电巴伦(14)。这样，引向器(11)、驱动单元(13)和馈电巴伦(14)固定在同一个介质板上，可以降低安装的复杂度，同时也能够降低安装成本。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例对驱动单元(11)和馈电巴伦(14)的形状不作任何限定，例如驱动单元(11)可以是如图2所示的形状，也可以是T形等等，馈电巴伦(14)可以是N形或者M形等。
作为一个可选实施例，如图3所示，该天线单元还可以包括，第二介质板(20)，与第一介质板(10)类似，该第二介质板(20)固定有M个引向器(21)，所述M个引向器(21)中每个引向器(21)由互不相连的至少两部分组成。
可选地，第二介质板(20)上的M个引向器互相平行。当然，第二介质板(20)上的M个引向器(21)也可以不平行，本申请实施例对此不作限定。
如图3所示，以M等于4为例，第一介质板由4个互相平行的引向器(21)组成，每个引向器(21)由不相连的两部分组成，以从上往下数第一个引向器为例，该引向器(21)由c和d两部分组成，这两部分由中间隔开，不相连。c和d两部分也可以称为引向单元。
需要说明的是，组成引向器(11)的部分的数量与组成(21)的部分的数量可以相同或者不同，例如，图1中引向器(11)由a和b两部分组成，引向器(21)由c和d两部分组成，这样当第一介质板(10)和第二介质板(20)组成双极化天线单元时，可以保证两个介质板的增益是相同的。又例如，引向器(11)由互不相连的两部分组成，引向器(21)由互不相连的三部分组成。
可选地，该第二介质板(20)的正面底部固定有驱动单元(23)，所述第二介质板(23)的反面底部固定有馈电巴伦(24)，如图4所示，这样，引向器(21)、驱动单元(23)和馈电巴伦(24)在同一个介质板上，可以降低安装的复杂度，同时也能降低成本。
在一种可能的实现中，所述M个引向器(11)中的一个引向器(11)与所述M个引向器(21)中的一个引向器(21)组成一组引向器，共组成M组引向器，每组引向器包括的所述引向器(11)和所述引向器(21)垂直，例如，所述引向器(11)和所述引向器(21)可以在同一平面内垂直，也可以在不同平面内垂直。图5示出了在同一平面内垂直的情形，M为4，第一介质板中的四个引向器(11)，第二介质板中的四个引向器(21)，一个引向器(11)和一个引向器(21)组成一组引向器，共四组引向器，a和b两部分组成引向器(11)，c和d两部分组成引向器(21)，a和b组成的引向器(11)与c和d组成的引向器(21)在同一平面内垂直。
图5的俯视图为如图6所示，第一介质板(10)和第二介质板(20)从俯视的角度是垂直的。
可选地，图1至图6中的第一介质板(10)和第二介质板(20)可以是通过LDS工 艺电镀而成则引向器(11)、驱动单元(13)和馈电巴伦(14)可以通过LDS工艺电镀而成，并固定在第一介质板(10)上。引向器(21)、辐射臂(23)和馈电巴伦(24)可以通过LDS工艺电镀而成，并型固定在第二介质板(20)上。可选地，第一介质板(10)和第二介质板(20)可以通过LDS工艺电镀而成。可选地，第一介质板(10)和第二介质板(20)可以通过缝槽对插连接。
可选地，图1至图6中的第一介质板(10)和第二介质板(20)可以是PCB板，这样，引向器(11)、驱动单元(13)和馈电巴伦(14)可以印刷在PCB板上。引向器(21)、辐射臂(23)和馈电巴伦(24)可以印刷在PCB板上。可选地，第一介质板(10)和第二介质板(20)可以通过缝槽对插连接。下面描述第一介质板(10)和第二介质板(20)可以通过缝槽对插连接的情形。
在一种可能的实现中，所述第一介质板(10)上半部分的有缝槽(12)，所述第二介质板(20)下半部分有缝槽(22)，所述第一介质板(10)与所述第二介质板(20)通过所述缝槽(12)和缝槽(22)对插连接。例如，缝槽(12)如图2所示，缝槽(22)如图4所示，例如，图7示出了两个介质板的对插的示意图，例如，第一介质板(10)上半部分有缝槽，第二介质板(20)的下半部分有缝槽，则将第二介质板(20)对插到(10)上，得到图7最上面的对插示意图。
在一种可能的实现中，所述第一介质板(10)与所述第二介质板(20)的尺寸相同，即所述第一介质板(10)与第二介质板(20)的大小相同，形状相同。所述缝槽(12)的深度与所述缝槽(22)的深度之和为所述第一介质板(10)或所述第二介质板(20)的长度，所述缝槽(12)的宽度与所述第二介质板(20)的厚度相同，所述缝槽(22)的宽度与所述第一介质板(10)的厚度相同。例如，在本申请实施例中，可以通过图2中的缝槽(12)和图4中的缝槽(22)将两块介质板对插在一起，从而可以避免焊接。
当所述第二介质板(20)的正面底部固定有驱动单元(23)，所述第二介质板(23)的反面底部固定有馈电巴伦(24)，所述缝槽(22)的深度小于所述馈电巴伦(24)的高度，这样，可以避免缝槽(22)损坏馈电巴伦。
在一种可能的实现中，所述第一介质板(10)下半部分的有缝槽，所述第二介质板(20)上半部分有缝槽，所述第一介质板(10)的缝槽的深度小于所述馈电巴伦(14)的高度，这样，可以避免缝槽损坏馈电巴伦(14)。
第一介质板(10)和第二介质板(20)除了可以通过驱动单元(13)和驱动单元(23)馈电以外，还可以通过差分馈电单元馈电，例如，所述天线单元还包括：设置于所述第一介质板(10)和第二介质板(20)的底盘上的差分馈电单元(30)，这样就可以通过差分馈电单元(30)给第一介质板(10)和第二介质板(20)馈电。
例如，差分馈电单元如图8所示，也就是当采用差分馈电单元(30)馈电时，不需要馈电巴伦(14)和馈电巴伦(24)，此时，第一介质板(10)如图9所示，此时第一介质板的缝槽(12)可以不限制。第二介质板(20)与第一介质板类似，区别在于缝槽(22)在下面。这样，当第一介质板(10)与第二介质板(20)采用差分馈电单元(30)馈电时，示意图如图10所示。
需要说明的是，当采用差分馈电单元(30)馈电时，第一介质板(10)与第二介质板(20)的缝槽可以不受限制，缝槽只要将两个介质板对插起来即可，可选地，第一介质板 (10)的缝槽可以在上半部分，第二介质板(20)的缝槽可以在下半部分；可选地，第一介质板(10)的缝槽可以在下半部分，第二介质板(20)的缝槽可以在上半部分。本申请实施例对此不作限定。
应理解，本申请实施例中的，连接关系只是示意性的连接关系，并不对本申请的天线单元或者天线阵列进行限制。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种天线单元，其特征在于，包括：
    第一介质板(10)，所述第一介质板(10)固定有的M个引向器(11)，所述M个引向器(11)中每个引向器(11)由互不相连的至少两部分组成，M为正整数。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的天线单元，其特征在于，所述第一介质板(10)的正面的底部固定有驱动单元(13)，所述第一介质板(10)的反面底部固定有馈电巴伦(14)。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的天线单元，其特征在于，所述天线单元还包括：
    第二介质板(20)，所述第二介质板(20)固定有M个引向器(21)，所述M个引向器(21)中每个引向器(21)由互不相连的至少两部分组成；所述M个引向器(11)中的一个引向器(11)与所述M个引向器(21)中的一个引向器(21)组成一组引向器，共组成M组引向器，每组引向器包括的所述第一介质板(10)上的引向器(11)和所述第二介质板(20)上的引向器(21)在同一平面内垂直。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的天线单元，其特征在于，所述第一介质板(10)上半部分的有缝槽(12)，所述第二介质板(20)下半部分有缝槽(22)，所述第一介质板(10)与所述第二介质板(20)通过所述缝槽(12)和缝槽(22)对插连接。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的天线单元，其特征在于，所述第一介质板(10)与所述第二介质板(20)的尺寸相同，所述缝槽(12)的深度与所述缝槽(22)的深度之和为所述第一介质板(10)或所述第二介质板(20)的长度，所述缝槽(12)的宽度与所述第二介质板(20)的厚度相同，所述缝槽(22)的宽度与所述第一介质板(10)的厚度相同。
  6. 根据权利要求3至5中任一项所述的天线单元，其特征在于，所述第二介质板(20)的正面底部固定有驱动单元(23)，所述第二介质板(23)的反面底部固定有馈电巴伦(24)，所述缝槽(22)的深度小于所述馈电巴伦(24)的高度。
  7. 根据权利要求3至5中任一项所述的天线单元，其特征在于，所述天线单元还包括：设置于所述第一介质板(10)和第二介质板(20)的底盘上的差分馈电单元(30)。
  8. 根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的天线单元，其特征在于，第一介质板(10)和第二介质板(20)为印刷电路板PCB。
  9. 根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的天线单元，其特征在于，第一介质板(10)和第二介质板(20)通过激光直接成型LDS工艺电镀而成。
  10. 一种天线阵列，其特征在于，包括多个如权利要求1至9中任一项所述的天线单元。
PCT/CN2018/122193 2018-12-19 2018-12-19 天线单元和天线阵列 WO2020124463A1 (zh)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7629938B1 (en) * 2006-07-24 2009-12-08 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Open Yaggi antenna array
US20140118191A1 (en) * 2012-10-26 2014-05-01 Ericsson Canada Controllable Directional Antenna Apparatus And Method
JP2014150374A (ja) * 2013-01-31 2014-08-21 Hitachi Kokusai Yagi Solutions Inc 直交八木宇田アンテナ
CN104600422A (zh) * 2014-12-19 2015-05-06 康凯科技（杭州）有限公司 一种双极化共轴八木天线系统
CN107666037A (zh) * 2017-08-23 2018-02-06 广东顺德中山大学卡内基梅隆大学国际联合研究院 一种双频高增益八木天线

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7629938B1 (en) * 2006-07-24 2009-12-08 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Open Yaggi antenna array
US20140118191A1 (en) * 2012-10-26 2014-05-01 Ericsson Canada Controllable Directional Antenna Apparatus And Method
JP2014150374A (ja) * 2013-01-31 2014-08-21 Hitachi Kokusai Yagi Solutions Inc 直交八木宇田アンテナ
CN104600422A (zh) * 2014-12-19 2015-05-06 康凯科技（杭州）有限公司 一种双极化共轴八木天线系统
CN107666037A (zh) * 2017-08-23 2018-02-06 广东顺德中山大学卡内基梅隆大学国际联合研究院 一种双频高增益八木天线

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