WO2020120748A1 - Method for deodorising exhaust air - Google Patents

Method for deodorising exhaust air Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020120748A1
WO2020120748A1 PCT/EP2019/085099 EP2019085099W WO2020120748A1 WO 2020120748 A1 WO2020120748 A1 WO 2020120748A1 EP 2019085099 W EP2019085099 W EP 2019085099W WO 2020120748 A1 WO2020120748 A1 WO 2020120748A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
exhaust air
weight
aerosol
odorous substances
dust
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2019/085099
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Udo Hüggenberg
Franziska Hüggenberg
Original Assignee
Greenairsystems Gmbh
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Publication date
Application filed by Greenairsystems Gmbh filed Critical Greenairsystems Gmbh
Priority to EP19853263.2A priority Critical patent/EP3893946A1/en
Publication of WO2020120748A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020120748A1/en

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L9/00—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
    • A61L9/01—Deodorant compositions
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L11/00—Methods specially adapted for refuse
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L9/00—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
    • A61L9/14—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air using sprayed or atomised substances including air-liquid contact processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
    • B01D53/1487—Removing organic compounds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
    • B01D53/1493—Selection of liquid materials for use as absorbents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/017—Combinations of electrostatic separation with other processes, not otherwise provided for
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K1/00—Housing animals; Equipment therefor
    • A01K1/0047—Air-conditioning, e.g. ventilation, of animal housings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L2209/00—Aspects relating to disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
    • A61L2209/20—Method-related aspects
    • A61L2209/21—Use of chemical compounds for treating air or the like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2252/00—Absorbents, i.e. solvents and liquid materials for gas absorption
    • B01D2252/20—Organic absorbents
    • B01D2252/202—Alcohols or their derivatives
    • B01D2252/2023—Glycols, diols or their derivatives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2252/00—Absorbents, i.e. solvents and liquid materials for gas absorption
    • B01D2252/20—Organic absorbents
    • B01D2252/202—Alcohols or their derivatives
    • B01D2252/2023—Glycols, diols or their derivatives
    • B01D2252/2028—Polypropylene glycol, ethers or esters thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/40—Nitrogen compounds
    • B01D2257/406—Ammonia
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/90—Odorous compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/708
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
    • B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
    • B01D2258/0266—Other waste gases from animal farms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/74—Cleaning the electrodes
    • B03C3/76—Cleaning the electrodes by using a mechanical vibrator, e.g. rapping gear ; by using impact

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process for the deodorization of exhaust air discharged from buildings or systems, which contains dust and gaseous odorous substances, in which, in a first process step, the dust contained in the exhaust air is removed and in one
  • Dust is understood here to mean the finest, solid particles of different sizes and different origins, which can remain suspended in gases, in particular in the air, for a certain period of time.
  • Such a method is known for example from DE 10 2010 001 678 U1.
  • This known method is used for deodorization of the exhaust air from a cattle barn which, in addition to the dust contaminated with odorous substances, contains a considerable amount of a gaseous odorous substance, namely ammonia.
  • both the dedusting and the aftertreatment of the largely dedusted exhaust air are carried out with the addition of water, so that contaminated sludges and waste water occur to a considerable extent, the disposal of which is highly problematic.
  • the visible impurities contained in the exhaust air of a cattle shed consist to a large extent of dust.
  • the sources of dust in the cattle shed are the animals themselves, the feed, the bedding material and dried faeces. This dust is almost exclusively organic with one relatively high proportion of coarse dust. Usually attached to the dust are germs, which also come from the animals themselves and / or animal feed.
  • Ammonia is perceived as particularly unpleasant in the exhaust air from cattle houses. Ammonia is a colorless gas with a pungent, pungent odor. It occurs in the cattle barn when protein is broken down or
  • Cattle stalls are particularly intensive when the dwell time of feces and urine in the barn is relatively long and the air that passes through comes into intensive contact with urine and feces. Because of the particularly unpleasant odor nuisance caused by ammonia, the exhaust air purification methods known according to the prior art place particular emphasis on the complete removal of ammonia. For this purpose, the exhaust air is washed in the last cleaning step with the additional addition of acid, which leads to particularly harmful waste water.
  • the invention proposes, starting from the method of the type mentioned at the outset, that the dedusting of the exhaust air takes place dry and without the addition of liquid, and that the subsequent deodorization of the exhaust air takes place by spraying an air-borne aerosol into the exhaust air, which consists of a 0 , 1% to 8% aqueous solution of an active ingredient which consists of 55-65% by weight of triethyl citrate, 17.5-22.5% by weight of 1, 2 propanediol and 17.5-22.5% by weight consists of di-propylene glycol methyl ether.
  • the teaching of the invention is based on the fact that the particularly odor-intensive odorants are already removed to a large extent - attached to the dust particles - in the first process step dry from the exhaust air.
  • the gaseous odorous substances still remaining in the dedusted exhaust air can be deodorized.
  • Deodorization is understood here to mean the intended concealment or the targeted removal of undesirable odors, which in the present case is achieved by the active ingredient specified in claim 1, which is both overlapping and part of the aerosol introduced into the exhaust air
  • the only remaining waste in the process according to the invention is dry dust from mostly organic material, which can be burned in a suitable incineration plant for the generation of energy in a profitable and environmentally friendly manner. Another advantage is that the plants for operating the process are no longer exposed to the corrosive effects of moisture and acid.
  • the invention provides that the dedusting which takes place in the first method step takes place in an electrostatic dust separator. Electrostatic
  • Dust separators have the particular advantage that they clog or stick less easily and are easy to clean mechanically. This is particularly important in the case of a method of the present type because the dust made of organic material from a cattle shed often sticks or clumps.
  • the amount of air-borne aerosol introduced into the exhaust air is at least 0.001 g per m 3 of exhaust air. This small amount of aerosol is sufficient to bring enough active ingredient into the dedusted exhaust air.
  • the invention furthermore proposes that the spraying in of the aerosol with the aid of a two-substance nozzle with the admixture of compressed air at a pressure of 0.6-6.3 bar and with a maximum droplet size of 30 pm.
  • an airborne aerosol is already entered in the supply air of the building or the system in an amount of 0.001-0 .3g per m 3 , which consists of a 0.1% to 8% aqueous solution of an active ingredient which consists of 55-65% by weight of triethyl citrate, 17.5-22.5% by weight of 1, 2 propanediol and 17.5-22.5% by weight of di-propylene glycol methyl ether .
  • the active ingredient has no harmful effects on humans or animals because it only contains food-grade ingredients.
  • the evaporation of the water diluting the active ingredient also results in a beneficial cooling of the atmosphere in the building or system.
  • a cattle shed (building or facility) is designated by the reference number 1.
  • This cattle barn 1 has air supply openings 1 a for the
  • Fresh air supply and an air discharge opening 1 b for the discharge of exhaust air is assigned a fan 2, which sucks the exhaust air from the cattle shed 1 and feeds it to an exhaust air purification system, which is denoted overall by reference number 3.
  • the exhaust air extracted from the cattle house 1 and fed to the exhaust air purification system 3 first flows through a dry, for example electrostatic, working dust filter 4, which can be cleaned dry in a simple manner, for example by shaking.
  • a dry, for example electrostatic, working dust filter 4 which can be cleaned dry in a simple manner, for example by shaking.
  • Exhaust air stream separated, loaded with odorous substances is removed dry from the exhaust air purification system 3 by means of a suitable discharge device 5 and is used for a useful purpose, for example an incineration plant, not shown, for energy generation.
  • the largely dust-free exhaust air is then passed through a deodorization chamber 6 arranged in the exhaust air purification system 3, in which an airborne aerosol is sprayed into the exhaust air stream with the aid of two-substance nozzles 7.
  • This aerosol consists of a 0.1% to 8% aqueous solution of an active ingredient, which consists of 55 - 65% by weight of triethyl citrate, 17.5 - 22.5% by weight of 1, 2 propanediol and 17.5% 22.5% by weight consists of di-propylene glycol methyl ether.
  • the amount of aerosol is at least 0.001 g per m 3 of exhaust air.
  • Two-substance nozzles 7 work with the admixture of compressed air with a pressure of 0.6-6.3 bar and a maximum droplet size of 30 pm.
  • the aqueous solution of the active ingredient required for the production of the aerosol is kept in a storage tank 8 and fed to the high-pressure nozzles 7 via a high-pressure pump 9.
  • a high-pressure pump 9 At the deodorization chamber 6 there is an exhaust pipe socket 10, via which the cleaned and deodorized exhaust air is blown off into the atmosphere.
  • the deodorization of the dedusted exhaust air in the deodorization chamber 6 takes place by the action of the active substance introduced with the aerosol on the gaseous odorous substances still contained in the dedusted exhaust air, specifically by covering and / or catalytic decomposition.
  • the water used as a solvent for the active ingredient evaporates completely, so that the in the
  • a small part of the active ingredient solution held in the storage tank 8 can also be introduced as an airborne aerosol into the fresh air supplied to the building or system, in an amount of 0.001-0.03 g per m 3 This significantly reduces the formation of bad smells in the building or system from the outset.

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for deodorising exhaust air which is discharged from buildings or plant (1) and contains dust loaded with odorous substances and gaseous odorous substances. In the method, in a first method step, dust loaded with odorous substances in the exhaust air is removed from the exhaust air, and in a subsequent method step, the gaseous odorous substances in the dedusted exhaust air are deodorised. In order to completely avoid the accumulation of problematic waste in the form of sludge or wastewater in such a method, the invention proposes that the dedusting of the exhaust air is dry, without addition of liquid, and that the subsequent deodorising of the exhaust air is performed by spraying an airborne aerosol into the exhaust air, which aerosol consists of a 0.1% to 8% aqueous solution of an active ingredient, which in turn consists of 55-65 wt.% triethyl citrate, 17.5-22.5 wt.% 1,2-propanediol, and 17.5-22.5 wt.% dipropylene glycol methyl ether.

Description

Verfahren zur Desodorierunq von Abluft Process for the deodorization of exhaust air
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Desodorierung von aus Gebäuden oder Anlagen abgeführter Abluft, welche mit Geruchsstoffen belasteten Staub und gasförmige Geruchsstoffe enthält, bei welchem in einem ersten Verfahrensschritt aus der Abluft der darin enthaltene Staub entfernt wird und in einem The invention relates to a process for the deodorization of exhaust air discharged from buildings or systems, which contains dust and gaseous odorous substances, in which, in a first process step, the dust contained in the exhaust air is removed and in one
nachfolgenden Verfahrensschritt die in der entstaubten Abluft enthaltenen gasförmigen Geruchsstoffe desodoriert werden. Unter Staub werden hier feinste, feste Partikel unterschiedlicher Größe und unterschiedlichen Ursprungs verstanden, welche für einen gewissen Zeitraum in Gasen, insbesondere in der Luft, suspendiert bleiben können. subsequent process step, the gaseous odorous substances contained in the dedusted exhaust air are deodorized. Dust is understood here to mean the finest, solid particles of different sizes and different origins, which can remain suspended in gases, in particular in the air, for a certain period of time.
Ein derartiges Verfahren ist beispielsweise aus der DE 10 2010 001 678 U1 bekannt. Dieses bekannte Verfahren wird zur Desodorierung der Abluft aus einem Viehstall verwendet, welche neben dem mit Geruchsstoffen belasteten Staub in erheblichem Umfange einen gasförmigen Geruchsstoff, nämlich Ammoniak enthält. Bei diesem bekannten Verfahren erfolgen sowohl die Entstaubung als auch die Nachbehandlung der weitestgehend entstaubten Abluft unter Zugabe von Wasser, sodass in erheblichem Umfange belastete Schlämme und Abwässer entstehen, deren Entsorgung hoch problematisch ist. Such a method is known for example from DE 10 2010 001 678 U1. This known method is used for deodorization of the exhaust air from a cattle barn which, in addition to the dust contaminated with odorous substances, contains a considerable amount of a gaseous odorous substance, namely ammonia. In this known method, both the dedusting and the aftertreatment of the largely dedusted exhaust air are carried out with the addition of water, so that contaminated sludges and waste water occur to a considerable extent, the disposal of which is highly problematic.
Die in der Abluft eines Viehstalles enthaltenen sichtbaren Verunreinigungen bestehen zu einem sehr großen Teil aus Staub. Staubquellen im Viehstall sind die Tiere selbst, das Futter, dass Einstreumaterial und getrocknete Fäkalien. Bei diesem Staub handelt es sich fast ausschließlich um organische Stoffe mit einem relativ hohen Anteil an Grobstaub. An den Staub angelagert sind meistens Keime, die ebenfalls von den Tieren selbst und/oder der Tiernahrung stammen. The visible impurities contained in the exhaust air of a cattle shed consist to a large extent of dust. The sources of dust in the cattle shed are the animals themselves, the feed, the bedding material and dried faeces. This dust is almost exclusively organic with one relatively high proportion of coarse dust. Mostly attached to the dust are germs, which also come from the animals themselves and / or animal feed.
Angelagert an den Staub sind weiterhin verschiedene Geruchsstoffe. Bei diesen Geruchsstoffen handelt es sich in der Regel um Vielstoffgemische Various odorants are still attached to the dust. These odorous substances are usually multi-substance mixtures
unterschiedlicher Herkunft und mit unterschiedlichen Eigenschaften der of different origins and with different characteristics of
Einzelsubstanzen hinsichtlich der Entstehungsart, der Löslichkeit und des spezifischen Gewichtes. Individual substances with regard to the mode of origin, solubility and specific weight.
Als besonders unangenehm wird in der Abluft von Viehställen Ammoniak wahrgenommen. Ammoniak ist ein farbloses Gas mit durchdringendem, stechendem Geruch. Es entsteht im Viehstall beim Abbau von Eiweiß bzw. Ammonia is perceived as particularly unpleasant in the exhaust air from cattle houses. Ammonia is a colorless gas with a pungent, pungent odor. It occurs in the cattle barn when protein is broken down or
Harnstoff durch anaerobe Bakterien. Die Ammoniakemissionen aus einem Urea caused by anaerobic bacteria. The ammonia emissions from one
Viehstall sind besonders intensiv, wenn die Verweilzeit von Kot und Harn im Stall verhältnismäßig lang ist und die durchstreichende Luft mit Harn und Kot intensiv in Berührung kommt. Wegen der besonders unangenehmen Geruchsbelästigung durch Ammoniak legen die nach dem Stand der Technik bekannten Verfahren der Abluftreinigung besonderen Wert auf die möglichst vollständige Beseitigung von Ammoniak. Hierzu wird die Abluft im letzten Reinigungsschritt unter zusätzlicher Zugabe von Säure gewaschen, was zu besonders schädlichen Abwässern führt. Cattle stalls are particularly intensive when the dwell time of feces and urine in the barn is relatively long and the air that passes through comes into intensive contact with urine and feces. Because of the particularly unpleasant odor nuisance caused by ammonia, the exhaust air purification methods known according to the prior art place particular emphasis on the complete removal of ammonia. For this purpose, the exhaust air is washed in the last cleaning step with the additional addition of acid, which leads to particularly harmful waste water.
Die oben aufgezeigten Probleme treten allerdings nicht nur bei der Desodorierung der Abluft aus Viehställen auf, sondern überall dort, wo in der Landwirtschaft oder der Industrie Abluft zu desodorieren ist, die einerseits mit Geruchsstoffen belasteten Staub und andererseits zusätzlich gasförmige Geruchsstoffe enthält, z.B. Abluft aus Zuckerfabriken, Kaffeeröstereien, der Fischmehlproduktion etc. . The problems outlined above do not only occur in the deodorization of the exhaust air from cattle houses, but everywhere where exhaust air has to be deodorized in agriculture or industry, which on the one hand contains dust contaminated with odorous substances and on the other hand additionally contains gaseous odorous substances, e.g. Exhaust air from sugar factories, coffee roasters, fish meal production etc..
Es ist Aufgabe der Erfindung, das Verfahren der eingangs genannten Art dahingehend weiterzubilden, dass problematische Schlämme und/oder Abwässer vollständig vermieden werden. Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe schlägt die Erfindung ausgehend vom Verfahren der eingangs genannten Art vor, dass die Entstaubung der Abluft trocken und ohne Zugabe von Flüssigkeit erfolgt, und dass die nachfolgende Desodorierung der Abluft durch Einsprühen eines luftgetragenen Aerosols in die Abluft erfolgt, welches aus einer 0,1 %igen bis 8%igen wässrigen Lösung eines Wirkstoffes besteht, welcher zu 55 - 65 Gew% aus Triethylcitrat, zu 17,5 - 22,5 Gew% aus 1 ,2 Propandiol und zu 17,5-22,5 Gew% aus Di-Propylenglykol-Methylether besteht. It is an object of the invention to develop the method of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that problematic sludges and / or waste water are completely avoided. To achieve this object, the invention proposes, starting from the method of the type mentioned at the outset, that the dedusting of the exhaust air takes place dry and without the addition of liquid, and that the subsequent deodorization of the exhaust air takes place by spraying an air-borne aerosol into the exhaust air, which consists of a 0 , 1% to 8% aqueous solution of an active ingredient which consists of 55-65% by weight of triethyl citrate, 17.5-22.5% by weight of 1, 2 propanediol and 17.5-22.5% by weight consists of di-propylene glycol methyl ether.
Die Lehre der Erfindung geht davon aus, dass die besonders geruchsintensiven Geruchsstoffe bereits zu einem sehr großen Teil - angelagert an die Staubpartikel - im ersten Verfahrensschritt trocken aus der Abluft entfernt werden. The teaching of the invention is based on the fact that the particularly odor-intensive odorants are already removed to a large extent - attached to the dust particles - in the first process step dry from the exhaust air.
Infolgedessen gelingt es im nachfolgenden Schritt mithilfe eines im Wesentlichen ebenfalls trocken durchgeführten Verfahrens, die noch in der entstaubten Abluft verbliebenen gasförmigen Geruchsstoffe zu desodorieren. As a result, in the subsequent step, using a process that is also essentially carried out dry, the gaseous odorous substances still remaining in the dedusted exhaust air can be deodorized.
Unter Desodorieren wird hier das beabsichtigte Verdecken bzw. das gezielte Entfernen von unerwünschten Gerüchen verstanden, was im vorliegenden Fall durch den im Patentanspruch 1 angegebenen Wirkstoff erfolgt, der als Bestandteil des in die Abluft eingebrachten Aerosols sowohl überdeckend als auch Deodorization is understood here to mean the intended concealment or the targeted removal of undesirable odors, which in the present case is achieved by the active ingredient specified in claim 1, which is both overlapping and part of the aerosol introduced into the exhaust air
katalytisch zersetzend auf die noch in der entstaubten Abluft vorhandenen, gasförmigen Geruchsstoffe einwirkt. Das als Lösungsmittel für den Wirkstoff verwendete Wasser verdunstet nach der Einbringung des Aerosols in die Abluft vollständig, sodass im Ergebnis auch der gesamte zweite Verfahrensschritt im Wesentlichen trocken d.h. ohne Anfall von Abwasser abläuft. acts catalytically decomposing on the gaseous odorous substances still present in the dedusted exhaust air. The water used as a solvent for the active ingredient evaporates completely after the aerosol has been introduced into the exhaust air, so that as a result the entire second process step is essentially dry, i.e. without waste water.
Als einziger verbleibender Abfall fällt beim Verfahren gemäß der Erfindung trockener Staub aus zum größten Teil organischem Material an, welcher problemlos in einer geeigneten Verbrennungsanlage für die Energiegewinnung gewinnbringend und umweltschonend verbrannt werden kann. Ein weiterer Vorteil besteht darin, dass die Anlagen zum Betreiben des Verfahrens nicht mehr den korrodierenden Einflüssen von Feuchtigkeit und Säure ausgesetzt sind. Eine besonders bevorzugte Ausführungsform des Verfahrens gemäß der The only remaining waste in the process according to the invention is dry dust from mostly organic material, which can be burned in a suitable incineration plant for the generation of energy in a profitable and environmentally friendly manner. Another advantage is that the plants for operating the process are no longer exposed to the corrosive effects of moisture and acid. A particularly preferred embodiment of the method according to the
Erfindung sieht vor, dass die im ersten Verfahrensschritt erfolgende Entstaubung in einem elektrostatischen Staubabscheider erfolgt. Elektrostatische The invention provides that the dedusting which takes place in the first method step takes place in an electrostatic dust separator. Electrostatic
Staubabscheider haben den besonderen Vorteil, dass sie weniger leicht verstopfen oder verkleben und auf einfache Weise mechanisch zu reinigen sind. Das ist bei einem Verfahren der vorliegenden Art deshalb besonders wichtig, weil der aus organischen Material bestehende Staub aus einem Viehstall oft verklebt oder verklumpt. Dust separators have the particular advantage that they clog or stick less easily and are easy to clean mechanically. This is particularly important in the case of a method of the present type because the dust made of organic material from a cattle shed often sticks or clumps.
Weiterhin ist vorgesehen, dass die Menge des in die Abluft eingetragenen, luftgetragenen Aerosols mindestens 0,001 g pro m3 Abluft beträgt. Diese geringe Menge an Aerosol reicht aus, genügend Wirkstoff nun in die entstaubte Abluft einzubringen. It is also provided that the amount of air-borne aerosol introduced into the exhaust air is at least 0.001 g per m 3 of exhaust air. This small amount of aerosol is sufficient to bring enough active ingredient into the dedusted exhaust air.
Um eine möglichst große Kontaktfläche zwischen dem eingebrachten Wirkstoff und den in der entstaubten Abluft noch enthaltenen Geruchsstoffen zu erreichen, schlägt die Erfindung weiterhin vor, dass das Einsprühen des Aerosols mithilfe einer Zweistoffdüse unter Zumischung von Druckluft mit einem Druck von 0,6-6, 3 bar und mit einer Tröpfchengröße von maximal 30 pm erfolgt. In order to achieve the largest possible contact area between the active substance introduced and the odorous substances still contained in the dedusted exhaust air, the invention furthermore proposes that the spraying in of the aerosol with the aid of a two-substance nozzle with the admixture of compressed air at a pressure of 0.6-6.3 bar and with a maximum droplet size of 30 pm.
Weiterhin ist es für die wirksame Geruchsbekämpfung von Vorteil, wenn bereits in die Zuluft des Gebäudes oder der Anlage in einer Menge von0,001-0,o3g pro m3 ein luftgetragenes Aerosol eingegeben wird, welches aus einer 0,1 %igen bis 8%igen wässrigen Lösung eines Wirkstoffes besteht, welcher zu 55 - 65 Gew% aus Triethylcitrat, zu 17,5 - 22,5 Gew% aus 1 ,2 Propandiol und zu 17,5 - 22,5 Gew% aus Di-Propylenglykol-Metylether besteht. It is also advantageous for effective odor control if an airborne aerosol is already entered in the supply air of the building or the system in an amount of 0.001-0 .3g per m 3 , which consists of a 0.1% to 8% aqueous solution of an active ingredient which consists of 55-65% by weight of triethyl citrate, 17.5-22.5% by weight of 1, 2 propanediol and 17.5-22.5% by weight of di-propylene glycol methyl ether .
Wenn dieser auch zur Nachbehandlung der Abluft verwendete Wirkstoff in der angegebenen Menge als luftgetragenes Aerosol bereits in die Zuluft des If this active ingredient also used for the aftertreatment of the exhaust air in the specified amount as airborne aerosol already in the supply air of the
Gebäudes oder der Anlage eingegeben wird, vermindert sich die Ausbildung von üblen Gerüchen schon von vornherein erheblich. Schädliche Auswirkungen hat der Wirkstoff auf Menschen oder Tiere nicht, weil er nur lebensmitteltaugliche Inhaltsstoffe enthält. Durch die Verdunstung des den Wirkstoff verdünnenden Wassers ergibt sich darüber hinaus eine wohltuende Abkühlung der Atmosphäre in dem Gebäude oder der Anlage. Building or the system is entered, the formation of bad smells considerably from the start. The active ingredient has no harmful effects on humans or animals because it only contains food-grade ingredients. The evaporation of the water diluting the active ingredient also results in a beneficial cooling of the atmosphere in the building or system.
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wird im Folgenden anhand der Zeichnung (Figl ) näher erläutert, welche schematisch den Ablauf des Verfahrens gemäß Erfindung zeigt. An embodiment of the invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing (Figl), which schematically shows the sequence of the method according to the invention.
In der Zeichnung ist ein Viehstall (Gebäude oder Anlage) mit dem Bezugszeichen 1 bezeichnet. Dieser Viehstall 1 weist Luftzuführungsöffnungen 1 a für die In the drawing, a cattle shed (building or facility) is designated by the reference number 1. This cattle barn 1 has air supply openings 1 a for the
Zuführung von Frischluft und eine Luftabführungsöffnung 1 b für die Abführung von Abluft auf. Der Abluftöffnung 1 b ist ein Ventilator 2 zugeordnet, welcher die Abluft aus dem Viehstall 1 absaugt und einer Abluftreinigungsanlage zuführt, die insgesamt mit dem Bezugszeichen 3 bezeichnet ist. Fresh air supply and an air discharge opening 1 b for the discharge of exhaust air. The exhaust air opening 1 b is assigned a fan 2, which sucks the exhaust air from the cattle shed 1 and feeds it to an exhaust air purification system, which is denoted overall by reference number 3.
Die aus dem Viehstall 1 abgesaugte und der Abluftreinigungsanlage 3 zugeführte Abluft durchströmt zunächst einen trocken, beispielsweise elektrostatisch, arbeitenden Staubfilter 4, der auf einfache Weise, zum Beispiel durch Rütteln, trocken abgereinigt werden kann. Der mithilfe des Staubfilters 4 aus dem The exhaust air extracted from the cattle house 1 and fed to the exhaust air purification system 3 first flows through a dry, for example electrostatic, working dust filter 4, which can be cleaned dry in a simple manner, for example by shaking. The using the dust filter 4 from the
Abluftstrom abgeschiedene, mit Geruchsstoffen beladene Staub wird trocken über geeignete Abfördereinrichtung 5 aus der Abluftreinigungsanlage 3 abgeführt und einer nutzbringenden Verwendung zugeführt, beispielsweise einer nicht dargestellten Verbrennungsanlage für die Energiegewinnung. Exhaust air stream separated, loaded with odorous substances is removed dry from the exhaust air purification system 3 by means of a suitable discharge device 5 and is used for a useful purpose, for example an incineration plant, not shown, for energy generation.
Die weitestgehend von Staub befreite Abluft wird anschließend durch eine in der Abluftreinigungsanlage 3 angeordnete Desodorierungskammer 6 geführt, in welcher in den Abluftstrom mithilfe von Zweistoffdüsen 7 ein luftgetragenes Aerosol eingesprüht wird. Dieses Aerosol besteht aus einer 0,1 %igen bis 8%igen wässrigen Lösung eines Wirkstoffes, welcher zu 55 - 65 Gew% aus Triethylcitrat, zu 17,5 - 22,5 Gew% aus 1 ,2 Propandiol und zu 17,5-22,5 Gew% aus Di-Propylenglykol-Methylether besteht. Die Menge Aerosol beträgt mindestens0,001 g pro m3 Abluft. Die The largely dust-free exhaust air is then passed through a deodorization chamber 6 arranged in the exhaust air purification system 3, in which an airborne aerosol is sprayed into the exhaust air stream with the aid of two-substance nozzles 7. This aerosol consists of a 0.1% to 8% aqueous solution of an active ingredient, which consists of 55 - 65% by weight of triethyl citrate, 17.5 - 22.5% by weight of 1, 2 propanediol and 17.5% 22.5% by weight consists of di-propylene glycol methyl ether. The amount of aerosol is at least 0.001 g per m 3 of exhaust air. The
Zweistoffdüsen 7 arbeiten unter Zumischung von Druckluft mit einem Druck von 0,6-6, 3 bar und einer Tröpfchengröße von maximal 30 pm. Two-substance nozzles 7 work with the admixture of compressed air with a pressure of 0.6-6.3 bar and a maximum droplet size of 30 pm.
Die für die Erzeugung des Aerosols benötigte wässrige Lösung des Wirkstoffes wird in einem Vorratstank 8 bereitgehalten und über eine Hochdruckpumpe 9 den Hochdruckdüsen 7 zugeführt. An die Desodorierungsgskammer 6 schließt sich ein Abluftrohrstutzen 10 an, über welchen die gereinigte und desodorierte Abluft in die Atmosphäre abgeblasen wird. The aqueous solution of the active ingredient required for the production of the aerosol is kept in a storage tank 8 and fed to the high-pressure nozzles 7 via a high-pressure pump 9. At the deodorization chamber 6 there is an exhaust pipe socket 10, via which the cleaned and deodorized exhaust air is blown off into the atmosphere.
Die Desodorierung der entstaubten Abluft in der Desodorierungskammer 6 erfolgt durch Einwirken des mit dem Aerosol eingebrachten Wirkstoffes auf die noch in der entstaubten Abluft enthaltenen, gasförmigen Geruchsstoffe, und zwar durch Überdeckung und/oder katalytische Zersetzung. Das als Lösungsmittel für den Wirkstoff verwendete Wasser verdunstet vollständig, sodass die in die The deodorization of the dedusted exhaust air in the deodorization chamber 6 takes place by the action of the active substance introduced with the aerosol on the gaseous odorous substances still contained in the dedusted exhaust air, specifically by covering and / or catalytic decomposition. The water used as a solvent for the active ingredient evaporates completely, so that the in the
Atmosphäre abströmende Abluft ausreichend trocken bleibt und kein Abwasser anfällt. Exhaust air flowing out of the atmosphere remains sufficiently dry and no waste water is produced.
Zusätzlich - und in der Zeichnung nicht dargestellt - kann ein kleiner Teil der in dem Vorratstank 8 bereitgehaltenen Wirkstofflösung auch als luftgetragenes Aerosol bereits in die dem Gebäude oder der Anlage zugeführte Frischluft eingebracht werden, und zwar in einer Menge von 0,001 -0,03g pro m3 Hierdurch wird die Ausbildung von üblen Gerüchen in dem Gebäude oder der Anlage von vornherein erheblich reduziert. In addition - and not shown in the drawing - a small part of the active ingredient solution held in the storage tank 8 can also be introduced as an airborne aerosol into the fresh air supplied to the building or system, in an amount of 0.001-0.03 g per m 3 This significantly reduces the formation of bad smells in the building or system from the outset.

Claims

Patentansprüche Claims
1. Verfahren zur Desodorierung von aus Gebäuden oder Anlagen 1. Process for deodorization of buildings or equipment
abgeführter Abluft,, welche mit Geruchsstoffen belasteten Staub und discharged exhaust air, which contains dust and
gasförmige Geruchsstoffe enthält,, bei welchem in einem ersten contains gaseous odors, in which in a first
Verfahrensschritt aus der Abluft der darin enthaltene, mit Geruchsstoffen belastete Staub entfernt wird und in einem nachfolgenden Verfahrensschritt die in der entstaubten Abluft enthaltenen gasförmigen Geruchsstoffe Process step from which the dust contained therein and contaminated with odorous substances is removed and in a subsequent process step the gaseous odorous substances contained in the dedusted exhaust air
desodoriert werden. dadurch gekennzeichnet , dass die Entstaubung der Abluft trocken und ohne Zugabe von Flüssigkeit erfolgt, und dass die nachfolgende Desodorierung der Abluft durch Einsprühen eines luftgetragenen Aerosols in die Abluft erfolgt, welches aus einer 0,1 %igen bis 8%igen wässrigen Lösung eines Wirkstoffes besteht, welcher zu 55 - 65 Gew% aus Triethylcitrat, zu 17,5 - 22,5 Gew% aus 1 ,2 Propandiol und zu 17,5- 22,5 Gew% aus Di-Propylenglykol-Methylether besteht. be deodorized. characterized in that the dedusting of the exhaust air is carried out dry and without the addition of liquid, and that the subsequent deodorization of the exhaust air takes place by spraying an airborne aerosol into the exhaust air, which consists of a 0.1% to 8% aqueous solution of an active ingredient , which consists of 55-65% by weight of triethyl citrate, 17.5-22.5% by weight of 1, 2 propanediol and 17.5-22.5% by weight of di-propylene glycol methyl ether.
2. Verfahren nach Patentanspruch! , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die im ersten Verfahrensschritt erfolgende Entstaubung in einem elektrostatischen Staubabscheider (4) erfolgt. 2. Procedure according to claim! , characterized in that the dedusting taking place in the first process step takes place in an electrostatic dust separator (4).
3. Verfahren nach Patentanspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Menge des in die Abluft eingetragenen, luftgetragenen Aerosols mindestens 0.001 g pro m3 Abluft beträgt. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the amount of airborne aerosol introduced into the exhaust air is at least 0.001 g per m 3 of exhaust air.
4. Verfahren nach einem der Patentansprüche 1-3, dadurch 4. The method according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized
gekennzeichnet, dass das Einsprühen des Aerosols mittels Zweistoffdüsen unter Zumischung von Druckluft mit einem Druck von 0,6-6, 3 bar und mit einer Tröpfchengröße von maximal 30 pm erfolgt. characterized in that the spraying of the aerosol takes place by means of two-substance nozzles with admixture of compressed air at a pressure of 0.6-6.3 bar and with a maximum droplet size of 30 pm.
5. Verfahren nach einem der Patentansprüche 1-4, dadurch 5. The method according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized
gekennzeichnet, dass bereits in die Zuluft des Gebäudes oder der Anlage in einer Menge von 0,001-0,03 g pro m3 ein luftgetragenes Aerosol eingegeben wird, welches aus einer 0,1 %igen bis 8%igen wässrigen Lösung eines Wirkstoffes besteht, welcher zu 55-65 Gew% aus Triethylcitrat, zu 17,5-22,5 Gew% aus 1 ,2 Propandiol und zu 17,5-22,5 Gew% aus Di-Propylenglykol -characterized in that an airborne aerosol is already introduced into the supply air of the building or the system in an amount of 0.001-0.03 g per m 3 , which consists of a 0.1% to 8% aqueous solution of an active ingredient, which 55-65% by weight of triethyl citrate, 17.5-22.5% by weight of 1, 2 propanediol and 17.5-22.5% by weight of di-propylene glycol -
Methylether besteht. Methyl ether exists.
PCT/EP2019/085099 2018-12-13 2019-12-13 Method for deodorising exhaust air WO2020120748A1 (en)

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