WO2020103225A1 - 自适应尿素混合器 - Google Patents

自适应尿素混合器

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Publication number
WO2020103225A1
WO2020103225A1 PCT/CN2018/120580 CN2018120580W WO2020103225A1 WO 2020103225 A1 WO2020103225 A1 WO 2020103225A1 CN 2018120580 W CN2018120580 W CN 2018120580W WO 2020103225 A1 WO2020103225 A1 WO 2020103225A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
deflector
moving plate
plate
elastic support
support element
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/120580
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
龚长友
Original Assignee
南京朗森自动化设备有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 南京朗森自动化设备有限公司 filed Critical 南京朗森自动化设备有限公司
Priority to US16/968,176 priority Critical patent/US11230957B2/en
Publication of WO2020103225A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020103225A1/zh

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
    • F01N3/208—Control of selective catalytic reduction [SCR], e.g. dosing of reducing agent
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F01N3/2882—Catalytic reactors combined or associated with other devices, e.g. exhaust silencers or other exhaust purification devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F01N3/2892—Exhaust flow directors or the like, e.g. upstream of catalytic device
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N9/00—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
    • F01N2240/20—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a flow director or deflector
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2260/00—Exhaust treating devices having provisions not otherwise provided for
    • F01N2260/06—Exhaust treating devices having provisions not otherwise provided for for improving exhaust evacuation or circulation, or reducing back-pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2290/00—Movable parts or members in exhaust systems for other than for control purposes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
    • F01N2330/30—Honeycomb supports characterised by their structural details
    • F01N2330/38—Honeycomb supports characterised by their structural details flow channels with means to enhance flow mixing,(e.g. protrusions or projections)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/02—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being ammonia or urea
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/40—Engine management systems

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of engine exhaust systems, in particular to an adaptive urea mixer.
  • SCR system refers to a selective catalytic reduction system is for a diesel exhaust emissions of NO x treatment process, i.e., in the catalyst, the reducing agent is injected into the ammonia or urea, the NO x in the exhaust gas is reduced to N 2 and H 2 O.
  • the SCR system was initially applied to power plant flue gas denitration. As the motor vehicle emission regulations became stricter, the SCR system was gradually used for motor vehicle exhaust emission control. At present, the urea SCR technology that uses NH 3 produced by the decomposition of urea as a reducing agent is mostly used in the exhaust of motor vehicles.
  • the urea SCR system In the urea SCR system, the urea aqueous solution is sprayed into the exhaust pipe through the urea nozzle, and it needs to undergo physical and chemical processes such as evaporation, pyrolysis, hydrolysis Reductants (NH 3 , HNCO) are formed to cause redox reactions with the engine exhaust pollutant NO x , and ultimately achieve the purpose of reducing NO x emissions.
  • the urea SCR system generally uses a urea mixer to organize the movement of the airflow.
  • the urea mixer is generally provided between the urea nozzle and the catalyst carrier.
  • the urea mixer can promote the mixing of urea and exhaust gas, optimize the distribution of urea, and reduce ammonia leakage.
  • the urea aqueous solution may not be completely due to contact with low-temperature walls and poor atomization quality.
  • the phenomenon of decomposition, during the reaction complex complexes such as cyanuric diamide and melamine are formed. These complexes aggregate to a certain degree to form crystals, and the exhaust gas in the existing urea mixer flows slowly It further exacerbates the formation of crystals.
  • the vast majority of this crystal appears on the surface of the urea mixer, which is a white block and has a hard texture. It can continue to increase with the continuous spraying of the urea aqueous solution. When the crystal increases to a certain extent, it will block the urea mixer and greatly increase the discharge. Air back pressure causes the performance of the whole machine to deteriorate.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an adaptive urea mixer to solve the problems in the prior art mentioned above, which can adaptively change the exhaust gas flow rate under different operating conditions of the engine, automatically clear the internal crystals, and prevent the crystals from blocking the urea mixer. Avoid excessive back pressure of the engine exhaust to ensure the performance of the engine.
  • the present invention provides the following solutions:
  • the invention provides an adaptive urea mixer, which includes a housing, a first moving plate, a second moving plate, a first fixed ring, a first deflector, a second deflector and a urea nozzle;
  • the housing is A hollow cylinder, the housing forms an air inlet and an air outlet at two opposite ends respectively, and the first moving plate is sequentially arranged inside the housing from the air inlet to the air outlet ,
  • the first fixing ring is circumferentially fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the casing, and the first fixing ring is circumferentially fixedly provided with a plurality of parallel
  • a guide column is provided, and each of the guide columns extends toward the air inlet, and each of the guide columns is provided with a first limit portion and a second limit portion, and the second limit portion is located Between the first fixing ring and the first limiting portion;
  • the first moving plate is slidably sleeved on the guide post between the first
  • a second fixing ring is further included, the second fixing ring is circumferentially fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the housing, and the second fixing ring is located between the first moving plate and the air inlet In between, the first deflector plate, the second deflector plate and each of the guide columns extend to the second fixing plate and are fixedly connected to the second fixing plate.
  • the air inlet is used to connect with an exhaust pipe, and the rigidity of the first elastic support element is greater than the rigidity of the second elastic support element.
  • the second deflector includes a first arc plate whose axis is parallel to the axis of the housing.
  • the first deflector includes a deflector plate and a second arcuate plate formed from one side of the deflector, the axis of the second arcuate plate is parallel to the axis of the housing.
  • the first elastic support element and the second elastic support element are both springs.
  • the first movable plate and the second movable plate are respectively provided with a first guide groove and a second guide groove for penetrating the first guide plate, the first guide groove and the The second guide grooves are in clearance fit with the first deflector; the first movable plate and the second movable plate are respectively provided with a third guide groove and a third guide groove for penetrating the second deflector Four guide grooves, the third guide groove and the fourth guide groove are all in clearance fit with the second deflector.
  • three guide posts are provided, and the circumferential direction of the first fixing ring is evenly distributed.
  • the initial state of the first elastic support element and the second elastic support element are both in a compressed state.
  • a plurality of vent holes are distributed on both the first moving plate and the second moving plate.
  • a mixing space is formed between the first moving plate, the second moving plate, the first deflector plate and the second deflector plate, and when used, the air inlet is used to connect with the exhaust pipe
  • the exhaust gas enters the mixing space from the first gap and mixes with the urea aqueous solution sprayed by the urea nozzle, then is discharged from the second gap and enters the subsequent catalytic converter for catalytic reaction.
  • the urea aqueous solution is mixed under the action of exhaust
  • the swirl flow is formed in the space, and the mixing effect is good, which can reduce the formation of crystals to a certain extent.
  • the second moving plate moves closer to the first fixed ring, and when the exhaust pressure is greater than the elasticity of the first elastic support element to the first moving plate During the supporting force, the first moving plate moves closer to the second moving plate.
  • the crystals attached to the side walls of the first and second deflector plates are The first movable plate and the second movable plate scrape down and are discharged with the exhaust gas.
  • the width of the first deflector is designed according to the spray range of the urea nozzle, which can completely cover the easily crystallized area within the spray range of the urea nozzle, eliminating the crystal Growth, can adapt to changes in exhaust flow under different operating conditions of the engine, achieve automatic removal of internal crystals, prevent crystals from clogging the urea mixer, avoid excessive exhaust pressure of the engine exhaust, ensure the performance of the engine, improve the engine and adaptive The service life of urea mixer.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an adaptive urea mixer provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of an angle of an adaptive urea mixer provided by the present invention after removing a shell;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of another angle of the adaptive urea mixer provided by the present invention after removing the shell;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the adaptive urea mixer provided by the present invention after removing the casing and the second fixing ring;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of an angle of the adaptive urea mixer provided by the present invention after removing the casing, the second fixed ring and the first moving plate;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of another angle of the adaptive urea mixer provided by the present invention after removing the housing, the second fixed ring, and the first moving plate.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an adaptive urea mixer to solve the problems in the prior art mentioned above, which can adaptively change the exhaust gas flow rate under different operating conditions of the engine, automatically clear the internal crystals, and prevent the crystals from blocking the urea mixer. Avoid excessive back pressure of the engine exhaust to ensure the performance of the engine.
  • the present invention provides an adaptive urea mixer.
  • the adaptive urea mixer includes a housing 1, a first moving plate 2, and a second moving plate 3.
  • the housing 1 is a hollow cylinder, and the housing 1 forms an air inlet 8 and a row at two opposite ends, respectively Air port, the first moving plate 2, the second moving plate 3 and the first fixed ring 4 are arranged in order from the air inlet 8 to the exhaust port inside the housing 1;
  • the first fixed ring 4 is fixedly connected to the housing 1 in the circumferential direction
  • On the inner side wall of the first fixing ring 4, a plurality of guide pillars 9 arranged in parallel are fixed in the circumferential direction, and each guide pillar 9 extends toward the air inlet 8, and each guide pillar 9 is provided with a first limit position 10 and the second limiting portion 11, and the second limiting portion 11 is located between the
  • the cross-sectional shapes of the first moving plate 2 and the second moving plate 3 are adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the inner cavity of the housing 1, and are located on the first moving plate 2 and the second moving plate 3
  • a first gap 15 and a second gap 16 are provided respectively.
  • the first gap 15 and the second gap 16 are located on both sides of the first deflector 5, respectively.
  • the first gap 15 and the second gap 16 are preferably opened in the first mobile
  • a mixing space 14 is formed between the first moving plate 2, the second moving plate 3, the first deflector plate 5 and the second deflector plate 6, when in use, the air inlet 8 is used to connect with the exhaust pipe.
  • the exhaust gas When the exhaust gas is discharged, the exhaust gas enters the mixing space 14 from the first gap 15 and is mixed with the urea aqueous solution sprayed by the urea nozzle 7 to be discharged from the second gap 16 and enter the subsequent catalyst for catalysis In response, the urea aqueous solution forms a swirling flow in the mixing space 14 under the action of exhaust gas, and the mixing effect is good, which can reduce the formation of crystals to a certain extent.
  • the second moving plate 3 moves closer to the first stationary ring 4, and when the exhaust pressure is greater than the first elastic support element 12 on the second
  • the first moving plate 2 moves closer to the second moving plate 3.
  • the first deflector 5 and the first The crystal attached to the side wall of the second deflector 6 is scraped down by a moving plate and the second moving plate 3 and discharged with the exhaust gas.
  • the width of the first deflector 5 is designed according to the spray range of the urea nozzle 7 and can be completely covered
  • the easy-to-crystallize area within the injection range of the urea nozzle 7 eliminates the growth of crystals, and can adapt to changes in exhaust gas flow rate under different engine operating conditions. It can automatically clear the internal crystals, prevent the crystals from blocking the urea mixer, and avoid the engine exhaust back. Excessive pressure ensures the performance of the engine and improves the service life of the engine and adaptive urea mixer.
  • the adaptive urea mixer further includes a second fixing ring 17, and the second fixing ring 17 is circumferentially fixedly connected to the housing 1 On the inner side wall, and the second fixed ring 17 is located between the first moving plate 2 and the air inlet 8, the first deflector 5, the second deflector 6 and each guide post 9 extend to the second fixed plate And fixedly connected with the second fixing plate.
  • the intake port 8 of the adaptive urea mixer is used to connect with the exhaust pipe, and the rigidity of the first elastic support element 12 is greater than the rigidity of the second elastic support element 13.
  • the second moving plate 3 will move before the first moving plate 2, and the The moving distance is greater than the moving distance of the first moving plate 2, so that the volume of the mixing space 14 becomes larger, and the mixing efficiency can be changed to adapt to the change of the exhaust flow rate of the engine under different working conditions, which ensures the mixing effect of the urea aqueous solution and the exhaust gas
  • the urea aqueous solution and the exhaust gas are fully mixed, and the engine exhaust back pressure can be effectively avoided to ensure the performance of the engine.
  • the rigidity of the first elastic support element 12 is set at the maximum exhaust pressure, so that the first moving plate 2 The position after the movement does not exceed the position of the urea nozzle 7, and it is preferable to keep the position of the first moving plate 2 outside the injection range of the urea nozzle 7.
  • the second deflector 6 of the adaptive urea mixer in order to facilitate the movement of the first moving plate 2 and the second moving plate 3 and reduce the moving resistance, includes an axis parallel to the housing 1 axis of the first curved plate.
  • the first deflector 5 includes a deflector plate and a second curved plate formed from one side of the deflector.
  • the axis of the second curved plate is parallel to the axis of the housing 1.
  • the first elastic support element 12 and the second elastic support element 13 of the adaptive urea mixer are both springs.
  • the first moving plate 2 and the second moving plate 3 of the adaptive urea mixer are respectively provided with a first guide groove and a second guide for penetrating the first deflector 5 Groove, the first guide groove and the second guide groove are in clearance fit with the first deflector 5; the first movable plate 2 and the second movable plate 3 are respectively provided with a third guide for penetrating the second deflector 6
  • the groove and the fourth guide groove, the third guide groove and the fourth guide groove are in clearance fit with the second deflector 6.
  • the column 9 shakes to generate noise.
  • the initial state of the first elastic support element 12 and the second elastic support element 13 of the adaptive urea mixer are both in a compressed state, so that both ends of the first elastic support element are pressed against the first On the moving plate and the second limiting portion, the two ends of the second elastic supporting element are pressed against the second moving plate and the first fixing ring, respectively.
  • a plurality of vent holes are distributed on the first moving plate 2 and the second moving plate 3 of the adaptive urea mixer.
  • the adaptive urea mixer provided by the present invention is not limited to only two moving plates that can slide along the guide post, and can be fixed on the second moving plate and the first Between the rings, any number of moving plates slidingly sleeved on the guide columns are provided, and vent holes are opened on each moving plate. Between adjacent moving plates and between the first fixed ring and the adjacent moving plates are provided respectively.
  • Elastic support element the adaptive urea mixer provided by the present invention at least includes a first moving plate and a second moving plate, so that the first moving plate, the second moving plate, the first deflector plate and the second deflector plate A mixing space is formed between them to facilitate the mixing of the urea aqueous solution and the exhaust gas, which is conducive to improving the mixing efficiency.
  • the shapes of the first moving plate and the second moving plate are not limited, and it is possible to slide in the housing and make the exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust pipe enter the mixing space and mix with the urea aqueous solution.
  • the first elastic support element and the second elastic support element are not limited to springs, and other elastic elements that can play an elastic support role are also possible.
  • the adaptive urea mixer provided by the invention also does not limit the first limiting part and the second limiting part and the shape and structure settings.
  • the first limiting part and the second limiting part can be detachably connected or fixedly connected to the guide column Either way, as long as the movement displacement of the first moving plate and the second moving plate can be restricted separately.
  • the adaptive urea mixer provided by the invention does not limit the cross-sectional shape of the inner cavity of the housing, and can be circular, square or other polygons.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)

Abstract

一种自适应尿素混合器，包括壳体（1），壳体内部自进气口至排气口依次设置有第一移动板（2）、第二移动板（3）和第一固定环（4）；第一固定环（4）固定连接于壳体（1）的内侧壁上，第一固定环（4）上设有多个导向柱（9），导向柱（9）上设置有第一限位部（10）和第二限位部（11）；第一、二移动板套设于导向柱（9）上，且第二限位部（11）与第一移动板（2）之间的导向柱（9）上套设有第一弹性支撑元件（12），第一固定环（4）与第二移动板（3）之间的导向柱（9）上套设有第二弹性支撑元件（13）；第一、二导流板均固连于第一固定环（4）上，第一移动板（2）、第二移动板（3）、第一导流板（5）和第二导流板（6）之间形成混合空间（14）；尿素喷嘴（7）设于与混合空间（14）对应的壳体侧壁上。该自适应尿素混合器能自适应排气流量变化自动清除内部结晶体，防止结晶体堵塞尿素混合器。

Description

自适应尿素混合器 技术领域
本发明涉及发动机排气系统技术领域，特别是涉及一种自适应尿素混合器。
背景技术
SCR系统指的是选择性催化还原系统，是针对柴油车尾气排放中NO x的一项处理工艺，即在催化剂的作用下，喷入还原剂氨或尿素，把尾气中的NO x还原成N 2和H 2O。催化剂有贵金属和非贵金属两类。SCR系统最初应用于电厂烟气脱硝，随着机动车排放法规越来越严格，逐渐将SCR系统用于机动车尾气排放控制上。目前机动车尾气上多采用尿素分解产生的NH 3作为还原剂的尿素SCR技术，在尿素SCR系统中，尿素水溶液经尿素喷嘴喷入排气管，需要经过蒸发、热解、水解等物理化学过程形成还原剂(NH 3、HNCO)来与发动机排放污染物NO x发生氧化还原反应，最终达到降低NO x排放的目的。其中，尿素SCR系统中一般采用尿素混合器来组织气流的运动，尿素混合器一般设置在尿素喷嘴与催化剂载体之间。
尿素混合器可以促进尿素和排气混合，优化尿素分布，还能减少氨泄漏，但是在排气温度较低工况下，尿素水溶液会由于接触到低温壁面、雾化质量差等原因出现不能完全分解的现象，反应过程中生成三聚氰酸二酰胺和三聚氰胺等成分复杂的络合物，这些络合物聚集到一定程度就会形成结晶体，且现有尿素混合器内的尾气流动很慢，更加剧了结晶体的形成。这种结晶体绝大多数出现在尿素混合器表面，呈白色块状，质地坚硬，且能随着尿素水溶液的持续喷射不断增大，结晶体增大到一定程度会堵塞尿素混合器，极大增加排气背压，导致整机性能恶化。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种自适应尿素混合器，以解决上述现有技术存在的问题，能够自适应发动机不同工况下排气流量的变化，自动清除内部结晶体，防止结晶体堵塞尿素混合器，避免发动机排气背压过大，保证发动机的使用性能。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供了如下方案：
本发明提供一种自适应尿素混合器，包括壳体、第一移动板、第二移动板、第一固定环、第一导流板、第二导流板和尿素喷嘴；所述壳体为空心筒体，所述壳体在两相对的端部分别形成进气口和排气口，所述壳体内部自所述进气口至所述排气口依次设置有所述第一移动板、所述第二移动板和所述第一固定环；所述第一固定环周向固定连接于所述壳体的内侧壁上，所述第一固定环上周向固定设置有多个平行设置的导向柱，且各所述导向柱均向所述进气口延伸，各所述导向柱上均设置有第一限位部和第二限位部，且所述第二限位部位于所述第一固定环与所述第一限位部之间；所述第一移动板滑动套设于所述第一限位部与所述第二限位部之间的所述导向柱上，所述第二移动板滑动套设于所述第二限位部与所述第一固定环之间的所述导向柱上，且所述第二限位部与所述第一移动板之间的所述导向柱上套设有第一弹性支撑元件，所述第一固定环与所述第二移动板之间的所述导向柱上套设有第二弹性支撑元件；所述第一导流板和所述第二导流板的一端均固定连接于所述第一固定环上，且所述第一导流板和所述第二导流板均向所述进气口延伸并依次穿过所述第二移动板和所述第一移动板，所述第一移动板和所述第二移动板上分别设置有第一缺口和第二缺口，所述第一缺口和所述第二缺口分别位于所述第一导流板的两侧，所述第一移动板、所述第二移动板、所述第一导流板和所述第二导流板之间形成混合空间；所述尿素喷嘴设置于与所述混合空间对应的所述壳体侧壁上。
优选的，还包括第二固定环，所述第二固定环周向固定连接于所述壳体的内侧壁上，且所述第二固定环位于所述第一移动板与所述进气口之间，所述第一导流板、所述第二导流板以及各所述导向柱均延伸至所述第二固定板并与所述第二固定板固定连接。
优选的，所述进气口用于与排气管连接，所述第一弹性支撑元件的刚度大于所述第二弹性支撑元件的刚度。
优选的，所述第二导流板包括一轴线平行于所述壳体的轴线的第一弧形板。
优选的，所述第一导流板包括导流平板和自所述导流板一侧成型的第二弧形板，所述第二弧形板的轴线平行于所述壳体的轴线。
优选的，所述第一弹性支撑元件和所述第二弹性支撑元件均为弹簧。
优选的，所述第一移动板和所述第二移动板上分别设置有用于穿设所述第一导流板的第一导向槽和第二导向槽，所述第一导向槽和所述第二导向槽均与所述第一导流板间隙配合；所述第一移动板和所述第二移动板上分别设置有用于穿设所述第二导流板的第三导向槽和第四导向槽，所述第三导向槽和所述第四导向槽均与所述第二导流板间隙配合。
优选的，所述导向柱设置有三个，且在所述第一固定环上的周向均匀分布。
优选的，所述第一弹性支撑元件和所述第二弹性支撑元件的初始状态均为压缩状态。
优选的，所述第一移动板和所述第二移动板上均分布有多个通气孔。
本发明相对于现有技术取得了以下技术效果：
本发明提供的自适应尿素混合器，第一移动板、第二移动板、第一导流板和第二导流板之间形成混合空间，使用时，进气口用于与排气管连接，尾气排放时，尾气自第一缺口进入至混合空间与尿素喷嘴喷射的尿素水溶液混合后由第二缺口排出并进入至后续的催化器内进行催化反应，尿素水溶液在排气的作用下在混合空间内形成旋流，混合效果好，可在一定程度上降低结晶体的生成。当尾气压力大于第二弹性支撑元件对第二移动板的弹性支撑力时，第二移动板向靠近第一固定环的方向移动，当尾气压力大于第一弹性支撑元件对第一移动板的弹性支撑力时，第一移动板向靠近第二移动板的方向移动，第一移动板和第二移动板移动的过程中，第一导流板和第二导流板侧壁上附着的结晶体被一移动板和第二移动板刮蹭下来，并随尾气排出，第一导流板的宽度根据尿素喷嘴的喷射范围设计，能够完全覆盖到尿素喷嘴喷射范围内的易结晶区域，杜绝了结晶体的增长，能够自适应发动机不同工况下排气流量的变化，实现自动清除内部结晶体，防止结晶体堵塞尿素混合器，避免发动机排气背压过大，保证发动机的使用性能，提高了发动机以及自适应尿素混合器的使用寿命。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明提供的自适应尿素混合器的整体结构示意图；
图2为本发明提供的自适应尿素混合器去除壳体后的一个角度的结构示意图；
图3为本发明提供的自适应尿素混合器去除壳体后的另一个角度的结构示意图；
图4为本发明提供的自适应尿素混合器去除壳体及第二固定环后的结构示意图；
图5为本发明提供的自适应尿素混合器去除壳体、第二固定环及第一移动板后的一个角度的结构示意图；
图6为本发明提供的自适应尿素混合器去除壳体、第二固定环及第一移动板后的另一个角度的结构示意图。
图中：1-壳体；2-第一移动板；3-第二移动板；4-第一固定环；5-第一导流板；6-第二导流板；7-尿素喷嘴；8-进气口；9-导向柱；10-第一限位部；11-第二限位部；12-第一弹性支撑元件；13-第二弹性支撑元件；14-混合空间；15-第一缺口；16-第二缺口；17-第二固定环。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明的目的是提供一种自适应尿素混合器，以解决上述现有技术存在的问题，能够自适应发动机不同工况下排气流量的变化，自动清除内部结晶体，防止结晶体堵塞尿素混合器，避免发动机排气背压过大，保证发动机的使用性能。
为使本发明的上述目的、特征和优点能够更加明显易懂，下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细的说明。
如图1～6所示，本发明提供一种自适应尿素混合器，于本发明一具体的实施例中，自适应尿素混合器包括壳体1、第一移动板2、第二移动板3、第一固定环4、第一导流板5、第二导流板6和尿素喷嘴7；壳体1为空心筒体，壳体1在两相对的端部分别形成进气口8和排气口，壳体1内部自进气口8至排气口依次设置有第一移动板2、第二移动板3和第一固定环4；第一固定环4周向固定连接于壳体1的内侧壁上，第一固定环4上周向固定设置有多个平行设置的导向柱9，且各导向柱9均向进气口8延伸，各导向柱9上均设置有第一限位部10和第二限位部11，且第二限位部11位于第一固定环4与第一限位部10之间；第一移动板2滑动套设于第一限位部10与第二限位部11之间的导向柱9上，第二移动板3滑动套设于第二限位部11与第一固定环4之间的导向柱9上，且第二限位部11与第一移动板2之间的导向柱9上套设有第一弹性支撑元件12，第一固定环4与第二移动板3之间的导向柱9上套设有第二弹性支撑元件13；第一导流板5和第二导流板6的一端均固定连接于第一固定环4上，且第一导流板5和第二导流板6均向进气口8延伸并依次穿过第二移动板3和第一移动板2，第一移动板2和第二移动板3上分别设置有第一缺口15和第二缺口16，第一缺口15和第二缺口16分别位于第一导流板5的两侧，第一移动板2、第二移动板3、第一导流板5和第二导流板6之间形成混合空间14；尿素喷嘴7设置于与混合空间14对应的壳体1侧壁上用于向混合空间14内喷射尿素水溶液。
本发明提供的自适应尿素混合器，第一移动板2和第二移动板3的截面形状与壳体1内腔的截面形状相适应，并在第一移动板2和第二移动板3上分别设置有第一缺口15和第二缺口16，第一缺口15和第二缺口16分别位于第一导流板5的两侧，第一缺口15和第二缺口16优选分别开设于第一移动板2和第二移动板3的边缘上，第一移动板2、第二移动板3、第一导流板5和第二导流板6之间形成混合空间14，使用时，进气口8用于与排气管连接，尾气排放时，尾气自第一缺口15进入至混合空间14与尿素喷嘴7喷射的尿素水溶液混合后由第二缺口16排出并进入至后续 的催化器内进行催化反应，尿素水溶液在排气的作用下在混合空间14内形成旋流，混合效果好，可在一定程度上降低结晶体的生成。当尾气压力大于第二弹性支撑元件13对第二移动板3的弹性支撑力时，第二移动板3向靠近第一固定环4的方向移动，当尾气压力大于第一弹性支撑元件12对第一移动板2的弹性支撑力时，第一移动板2向靠近第二移动板3的方向移动，第一移动板2和第二移动板3移动的过程中，第一导流板5和第二导流板6侧壁上附着的结晶体被一移动板和第二移动板3刮蹭下来，并随尾气排出，第一导流板5的宽度根据尿素喷嘴7的喷射范围设计，能够完全覆盖到尿素喷嘴7喷射范围内的易结晶区域，杜绝了结晶体的增长，能够自适应发动机不同工况下排气流量的变化，实现自动清除内部结晶体，防止结晶体堵塞尿素混合器，避免发动机排气背压过大，保证发动机的使用性能，提高了发动机以及自适应尿素混合器的使用寿命。
于本发明另一具体的实施例中，为了提高自适应尿素混合器结构稳定性和强度，自适应尿素混合器还包括第二固定环17，第二固定环17周向固定连接于壳体1的内侧壁上，且第二固定环17位于第一移动板2与进气口8之间，第一导流板5、第二导流板6以及各导向柱9均延伸至第二固定板并与第二固定板固定连接。
于本发明另一具体的实施例中，自适应尿素混合器的进气口8用于与排气管连接，第一弹性支撑元件12的刚度大于第二弹性支撑元件13的刚度。当排气压力逐渐增大时，由于第一弹性支撑元件12的刚度大于第二弹性支撑元件13的刚度，第二移动板3会先于第一移动板2移动，且第二移动板3的移动距离要大于第一移动板2的移动距离，使得混合空间14的容积变大，实现适应发动机不同工况的排气流量的变化而变化混合效率，既保证了尿素水溶液与尾气的混合效果，使得尿素水溶液与尾气混合充分，又能够有效避免发动机排气背压过大，保证发动机的使用性能，第一弹性支撑元件12的刚度设置为在最大的排气压力下，使得第一移动板2的移动后的位置不超过尿素喷嘴7的位置，最好使得第一移动板2的位置保持在尿素喷嘴7的喷射范围之外。
于本发明另一具体的实施例中，为了方便第一移动板2和第二移动板 3的移动，减少移动阻力，自适应尿素混合器的第二导流板6包括一轴线平行于壳体1的轴线的第一弧形板。第一导流板5包括导流平板和自导流板一侧成型的第二弧形板，第二弧形板的轴线平行于壳体1的轴线。
于本发明另一具体的实施例中，自适应尿素混合器的第一弹性支撑元件12和第二弹性支撑元件13均为弹簧。
于本发明另一具体的实施例中，自适应尿素混合器的第一移动板2和第二移动板3上分别设置有用于穿设第一导流板5的第一导向槽和第二导向槽，第一导向槽和第二导向槽均与第一导流板5间隙配合；第一移动板2和第二移动板3上分别设置有用于穿设第二导流板6的第三导向槽和第四导向槽，第三导向槽和第四导向槽均与第二导流板6间隙配合。
于本发明另一具体的实施例中，自适应尿素混合器的导向柱9设置有三个，且在第一固定环4上的周向均匀分布。
于本发明另一具体的实施例中，当排气量减小时，为了使得第一移动板2和第二移动板3易于回复原位，避免自适应尿素混合器使用过程中由于弹性元件在导向柱9上晃动而产生噪音，自适应尿素混合器的第一弹性支撑元件12和第二弹性支撑元件13的初始状态均为压缩状态，使得第一弹性支撑元件的两端分别抵压于第一移动板和第二限位部上，第二弹性支撑元件的两端分别抵压于第二移动板和第一固定环上。
于本发明另一具体的实施例中，为了进一步减小背压，自适应尿素混合器的第一移动板2和第二移动板3上均分布有多个通气孔。
需要说明的是，本发明提供的自适应尿素混合器，并不限于仅设置第一移动板和第二移动板两块可以沿导向柱滑动的移动板，可在第二移动板和第一固定环之间设置任意个滑动套设于导向柱上的移动板，并在各移动板上开设通气孔，相邻的移动板之间以及第一固定环与邻近的移动板之间均各自设置有弹性支撑元件，本发明提供的自适应尿素混合器至少包括第一移动板和第二移动板即可，使得第一移动板、第二移动板、第一导流板和第二导流板之间形成混合空间便于尿素水溶液与尾气混合，利于提高混合效率。也并不限制第一移动板和第二移动板的形状，能够实现在壳体内滑动并使得排气管排放的尾气均进入至混合空间内与尿素水溶液混合即 可。本发明提供的自适应尿素混合器，第一弹性支撑元件和第二弹性支撑元件也不限于弹簧，其他能够起到弹性支撑作用的弹性元件也可。本发明提供的自适应尿素混合器，也不限制第一限位部和第二限位部和形状和结构设置，第一限位部和第二限位部可拆卸连接或固定连接于导向柱上均可，只要能够实现分别限制第一移动板和第二移动板的移动位移即可。本发明提供的自适应尿素混合器，也不限制壳体内腔的横截面形状，为圆形、方形或其他多边形均可。
本发明中应用了具体个例对本发明的原理及实施方式进行了阐述，以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想；同时，对于本领域的一般技术人员，依据本发明的思想，在具体实施方式及应用范围上均会有改变之处。综上所述，本说明书内容不应理解为对本发明的限制。

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  1. 一种自适应尿素混合器，其特征在于：包括壳体、第一移动板、第二移动板、第一固定环、第一导流板、第二导流板和尿素喷嘴；
    所述壳体为空心筒体，所述壳体在两相对的端部分别形成进气口和排气口，所述壳体内部自所述进气口至所述排气口依次设置有所述第一移动板、所述第二移动板和所述第一固定环；
    所述第一固定环周向固定连接于所述壳体的内侧壁上，所述第一固定环上周向固定设置有多个平行设置的导向柱，且各所述导向柱均向所述进气口延伸，各所述导向柱上均设置有第一限位部和第二限位部，且所述第二限位部位于所述第一固定环与所述第一限位部之间；
    所述第一移动板滑动套设于所述第一限位部与所述第二限位部之间的所述导向柱上，所述第二移动板滑动套设于所述第二限位部与所述第一固定环之间的所述导向柱上，且所述第二限位部与所述第一移动板之间的所述导向柱上套设有第一弹性支撑元件，所述第一固定环与所述第二移动板之间的所述导向柱上套设有第二弹性支撑元件；
    所述第一导流板和所述第二导流板的一端均固定连接于所述第一固定环上，且所述第一导流板和所述第二导流板均向所述进气口延伸并依次穿过所述第二移动板和所述第一移动板，所述第一移动板和所述第二移动板上分别设置有第一缺口和第二缺口，所述第一缺口和所述第二缺口分别位于所述第一导流板的两侧，所述第一移动板、所述第二移动板、所述第一导流板和所述第二导流板之间形成混合空间；
    所述尿素喷嘴设置于与所述混合空间对应的所述壳体侧壁上。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的自适应尿素混合器，其特征在于：还包括第二固定环，所述第二固定环周向固定连接于所述壳体的内侧壁上，且所述第二固定环位于所述第一移动板与所述进气口之间，所述第一导流板、所述第二导流板以及各所述导向柱均延伸至所述第二固定板并与所述第二固定板固定连接。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的自适应尿素混合器，其特征在于：所述进气口用于与排气管连接，所述第一弹性支撑元件的刚度大于所述第二弹性 支撑元件的刚度。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的自适应尿素混合器，其特征在于：所述第二导流板包括一轴线平行于所述壳体的轴线的第一弧形板。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的自适应尿素混合器，其特征在于：所述第一导流板包括导流平板和自所述导流板一侧成型的第二弧形板，所述第二弧形板的轴线平行于所述壳体的轴线。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的自适应尿素混合器，其特征在于：所述第一弹性支撑元件和所述第二弹性支撑元件均为弹簧。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的自适应尿素混合器，其特征在于：所述第一移动板和所述第二移动板上分别设置有用于穿设所述第一导流板的第一导向槽和第二导向槽，所述第一导向槽和所述第二导向槽均与所述第一导流板间隙配合；所述第一移动板和所述第二移动板上分别设置有用于穿设所述第二导流板的第三导向槽和第四导向槽，所述第三导向槽和所述第四导向槽均与所述第二导流板间隙配合。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的自适应尿素混合器，其特征在于：所述导向柱设置有三个，且在所述第一固定环上的周向均匀分布。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的自适应尿素混合器，其特征在于：所述第一弹性支撑元件和所述第二弹性支撑元件的初始状态均为压缩状态。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的自适应尿素混合器，其特征在于：所述第一移动板和所述第二移动板上均分布有多个通气孔。
PCT/CN2018/120580 2018-11-19 2018-12-12 自适应尿素混合器 WO2020103225A1 (zh)

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