WO2020102993A1 - 超声波探头 - Google Patents
超声波探头Info
- Publication number
- WO2020102993A1 WO2020102993A1 PCT/CN2018/116498 CN2018116498W WO2020102993A1 WO 2020102993 A1 WO2020102993 A1 WO 2020102993A1 CN 2018116498 W CN2018116498 W CN 2018116498W WO 2020102993 A1 WO2020102993 A1 WO 2020102993A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- transmission shaft
- damping mechanism
- housing
- ultrasonic probe
- fixedly connected
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
Definitions
- the present application relates to ultrasound imaging equipment, in particular to an ultrasound probe.
- Shear imaging devices are based on ultrasonic elastography technology to measure the elasticity of organs of humans or animals, or more broadly, to measure all viscoelastic media that can generate ultrasonic signals when probed by ultrasound. It is important to evaluate the progress of liver fibrosis and cirrhosis by detecting the hardness or elasticity of the liver through this device.
- Probes for ultrasonic shear imaging usually include acoustic heads, sensors, elastic linear guide structures, and motors.
- the acoustic head needs to be in effective contact with the human body under a certain pre-pressure, and a sine wave current signal is passed to the motor to allow the transducer at the front of the probe to vibrate back and forth to measure the hardness of the tissue.
- the driving current is cut off, the tailing phenomenon is more serious due to the existence of vibration inertia, and under different preloads, the consistency of the vibration tailing time is poor, which seriously affects the accuracy of the measurement results.
- the present application provides a new type of ultrasonic probe to reduce the tailing phenomenon of the probe after power failure and improve the accuracy of measurement.
- An embodiment provides an ultrasonic probe, which is characterized by comprising: a housing;
- a driving device which is installed in the housing and used to drive the sound head to perform low-frequency vibration; at least one transmission shaft, one end of the transmission shaft is connected to the output end of the driving device, and the other end is connected to the sound head to connect The motion output by the driving device is transmitted to the sound head;
- a damping mechanism at least one of the transmission shafts is correspondingly provided with the damping mechanism, the damping mechanism is directly fixedly connected to the housing or fixedly mounted on a component connected to the housing, and the damping mechanism and the transmission shaft Contact, and can produce resistance to hinder the movement of the drive shaft when the drive shaft moves.
- An embodiment provides an ultrasonic probe, characterized in that it includes:
- a driving device which is installed in the housing and used to drive the sound head to perform low-frequency vibration; at least one transmission shaft, one end of the transmission shaft is connected to the output end of the driving device, and the other end is connected to the sound head to connect The motion output by the driving device is transmitted to the sound head;
- a damping mechanism at least one of the transmission shafts is correspondingly provided with the damping mechanism, the damping mechanism is directly fixedly connected to the housing or fixedly installed on a component that is fixedly connected to the housing, and the damping mechanism and the transmission The fixedly connected parts of the shaft are in contact, and can generate resistance to the movement of the transmission shaft when the transmission shaft moves.
- An embodiment provides an ultrasonic probe, characterized in that it includes:
- a driving device which is installed in the housing and used to drive the sound head to perform low-frequency vibration; at least one transmission shaft, one end of the transmission shaft is connected to the output end of the driving device, and the other end is connected to the sound head to connect The motion output by the driving device is transmitted to the sound head;
- a damping mechanism At least one of the transmission shafts is correspondingly provided with the damping mechanism, and the damping mechanism applies resistance in a direction opposite to the movement of the transmission shaft to the corresponding transmission shaft.
- the damping mechanism includes a friction member, the friction member is directly fixedly connected to the housing or fixedly installed on a component that is fixedly connected to the housing, and the friction member directly contacts the transmission shaft and can When the transmission shaft moves, friction force is generated which hinders the movement of the transmission shaft.
- the damping mechanism includes a friction member, the friction member is directly fixedly connected to the housing or fixedly installed on a component that is fixedly connected to the housing, and the friction member is directly connected to the component that is fixedly connected to the transmission shaft It is in contact and can produce friction force that hinders the movement of the drive shaft when the drive shaft moves.
- the damping mechanism includes a friction member, the friction member is fixedly disposed relative to the housing, and the friction member is in contact with the transmission shaft or a component that is fixedly connected to the transmission shaft, and is capable of moving when the transmission shaft moves Generates friction that impedes the movement of the drive shaft.
- the driving device includes a motor capable of outputting linear reciprocating motion, and the transmission shaft is integrally connected with the output end of the motor.
- it further includes a fixing seat fixedly connected to the housing, the friction member is an O-ring, the fixing seat is provided with a through hole for the transmission shaft to pass through, and the O-ring is fixedly installed on the The through hole is sleeved on the transmission shaft, and the transmission shaft and the O-ring have an interference fit.
- it further includes a fixing seat as a friction member, the fixing seat is fixedly connected to the housing, the fixing seat is provided with a through hole for the transmission shaft to pass through, and the transmission shaft fixing sleeve is provided with an O-type Ring, the O-ring is in contact with the inner wall of the through hole, and the inner wall of the through hole and the O-ring have an interference fit.
- it further includes a linear guide installed on the fixed base, and the transmission shaft is movably installed on the linear guide.
- the fixed seat includes an upper seat body and a lower seat body, and the linear guide is installed between the upper seat body and the lower seat body.
- the linear guide adopts a linear bearing, a sliding bearing, a guide hole structure or a slide rail.
- the friction member is at least one friction block, the friction block is fixedly disposed relative to the housing, and has a friction surface that contacts the transmission shaft or a component that is fixedly connected to the transmission shaft.
- the transmission shaft or components fixedly connected with the transmission shaft are press-fitted to form a friction force.
- the transmission shaft includes a first transmission shaft, a second transmission shaft, and a third transmission shaft.
- the first transmission shaft, the second transmission shaft, and the third transmission shaft are distributed in an equilateral triangle, each A damping mechanism is respectively provided on the transmission shaft.
- the transmission shaft includes a first transmission shaft, a second transmission shaft, a third transmission shaft and a fourth transmission shaft, and the first transmission shaft, the second transmission shaft and the third transmission shaft form an equilateral Triangular distribution, the fourth transmission shaft is located in the center of an equilateral triangle, at least a damping mechanism is provided on the fourth transmission shaft.
- the driving device transmits the vibration of the sound head through the transmission shaft, and at least one transmission shaft is provided with a damping mechanism, which can apply resistance to the corresponding transmission shaft in the direction opposite to the movement direction of the transmission shaft.
- the drive device stops working.
- the drive shaft will generate residual vibration under the action of inertia, and the resistance provided by the damping mechanism is opposite to the movement direction of the transmission shaft, so the residual vibration energy of the transmission shaft can be quickly cancelled, thus Reduce the after-vibration of the transmission shaft, thereby reducing the after-vibration of the acoustic head part, and improve the accuracy of the probe measurement.
- 1 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of an ultrasonic probe of this application
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the damping mechanism in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1;
- FIG. 3 is a comparison diagram of the trailing time before and after the damping mechanism is used in an embodiment of the present application.
- This embodiment provides an ultrasonic probe, for example, an ultrasonic probe used for shear wave imaging.
- the ultrasonic probe includes a housing 100, an acoustic head 200, a driving device 300 and a transmission shaft 400.
- the probe itself may also include other related components, such as a pressure sensor, a cable, etc.
- the components related to the present application are mainly described here, and other components are not described in detail.
- the acoustic head 200 is movably installed on the housing 100.
- the driving device 300 is connected to the acoustic head 200 and is used to drive the acoustic head 200 to perform low-frequency vibration so that the acoustic head 200 generates elastic shear waves in the tissue.
- the acoustic head 200 also has an acoustic head wafer, which can emit ultrasonic waves capable of detecting the transmission of elastic shear waves, and finally collect echo signals to form instant elastic imaging.
- the ultrasonic probe also includes a damping mechanism.
- At least one transmission shaft 400 is correspondingly provided with a damping mechanism, and the damping mechanism applies a resistance to the corresponding transmission shaft 400 in a direction opposite to the movement direction of the transmission shaft 400.
- the setting mentioned here includes not only fixed installation but also non-fixed installation.
- the driving device 300 stops working.
- the transmission shaft 400 will generate residual vibration under the action of inertia, and the resistance provided by the damping mechanism is opposite to the movement direction of the transmission shaft 400. Vibration energy, thereby reducing the residual vibration of the transmission shaft 400, thereby reducing the residual vibration of the acoustic head 200 part, and improving the accuracy of the probe measurement.
- the damping mechanism can be directly fixedly connected to the casing or fixedly installed on the parts fixedly connected to the casing.
- the damping mechanism can be in direct contact with the transmission shaft to generate frictional forces that hinder the movement of the transmission shaft when the transmission shaft moves.
- the damping mechanism can also be in contact with a component that is fixedly connected to the transmission shaft, thereby further hindering the movement of the transmission shaft by applying resistance to the component.
- the resistance formed by the damping mechanism can be achieved by friction or other forms of force.
- the damping mechanism includes a friction member that is fixedly disposed relative to the housing 100, and the friction member is in contact with the transmission shaft 400 or a component that is fixedly connected to the transmission shaft 400, and can be connected to the transmission shaft 400. Friction is generated during vibration.
- the friction force formed by the friction member on the transmission shaft 400 or other components fixedly connected to the transmission shaft 400 will overcome part of the residual vibration energy of the transmission shaft 400, thereby reducing the residual vibration of the transmission shaft 400 and the acoustic head 200 connected to the transmission shaft 400
- the consistency of smearing time can also be improved, and the image quality and measurement results are significantly improved.
- FIG. 3 schematically depicts a comparison diagram of the tailing time in the two states before and after the damping mechanism is used in an embodiment.
- the frequency of the current applied to the motor in this embodiment is 50 Hz, 0.5 cycle (half wavelength).
- the abscissa is the pre-pressure value
- the ordinate is the tailing time.
- Fig. 3 a shows the schematic diagram after adding the damping mechanism
- b in Fig. 3 shows the schematic diagram when the damping mechanism is not provided.
- the comparison diagram may also change, but no matter what kind of change, the tailing time of the ultrasonic probe after adding the damping mechanism is obviously shorter than that without the damping mechanism.
- a cavity is formed inside the housing 100, and a part of the acoustic head 200, the driving device 300, the transmission shaft 400, and the damping mechanism are installed in the housing 100.
- the driving device 300 includes a motor capable of outputting linear reciprocating motion, such as a voice coil motor.
- the transmission shaft 400 is integrally connected with the output end of the motor.
- the driving device 300 as the output shaft of the output end is fixed to the transmission shaft 400 through the lower connecting seat 810.
- the output shaft is fixed on one side of the lower connecting seat 810, and the other side of the lower connecting seat 810 correspondingly locks the transmission shaft 400, and can drive the transmission shaft 400 to move integrally.
- the other end of the transmission shaft 400 can be fixedly connected to an upper connecting seat 820, which can be used to install components such as the acoustic head 200 and the pressure sensor (if necessary).
- the friction member may adopt various structures capable of applying frictional force to the transmission shaft 400 or a component fixedly connected to the transmission shaft 400, which includes applying friction from the transmission shaft 400 or a component fixedly connected to the transmission shaft 400 over the entire circumference Forces (such as O-rings) also include the application of frictional forces from more than one point of action on the drive shaft 400 or components fixedly connected to the drive shaft 400 (such as from one or two places through one or more friction blocks The above position presses the transmission shaft 400 or the component fixedly connected to the transmission shaft 400).
- an O-ring 700 is used as an example.
- the ultrasonic probe further includes a fixing seat 500 fixedly connected to the housing 100.
- the friction member is an O-ring 700.
- the fixing seat 500 has a through hole for the transmission shaft 400 to pass through.
- the O-ring 700 is fixedly installed in the through hole and sleeved on the transmission shaft 400.
- the transmission shaft 400 and the O-ring 700 have an interference fit. When the transmission shaft 400 reciprocates relative to the O-ring 700, the O-ring 700 generates a frictional force on the transmission shaft 400, which hinders its movement.
- a similar fixing seat 500 may be used, and in this case, the fixing seat 500 serves as a friction member.
- the through hole of the fixing seat 500 is slightly larger than the structure shown in FIG. 1, and the O-ring 700 is fixedly sleeved on the corresponding transmission shaft 400, that is, the O-ring and the transmission shaft 400 are fixedly connected as a whole.
- the transmission shaft 400 and the O-ring 700 are integrally provided in the through hole, and can reciprocate in the through hole.
- the inner wall of the through hole is in contact with the O-ring 700, and there is an interference fit between the two, and friction force is applied to the O-ring 700 through the fixing seat 500, thereby providing resistance to the transmission shaft 400.
- the linear guide 600 is used to guide the drive shaft 400 to reciprocate according to a set straight line.
- the linear guide 600 can adopt a linear bearing, a sliding bearing, a guide hole structure, a slide rail, or other forms of linear guide structures.
- the elastic member 900 for providing pre-pressure can also be sleeved on the transmission shaft 400 and abut the fixing seat 500.
- the fixing seat 500 includes an upper seat body 510 and a lower seat body 520.
- the linear guide 600 is installed between the upper seat body 510 and the lower seat body 520.
- the linear guide 600 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is a linear bearing, and the transmission shaft 400 passes through the linear bearing to ensure the smoothness of the reciprocating movement of the transmission shaft 400.
- the friction member is not limited to the structure of the O-ring 700.
- the friction member is at least one friction block.
- the friction block is fixedly disposed relative to the housing 100, for example, it may be directly mounted on the housing 100, or may be mounted on a component fixedly connected to the housing 100.
- the friction block has a friction surface in contact with the transmission shaft 400 or a component fixedly connected to the transmission shaft 400, and the friction surface is press-fitted with the transmission shaft 400 or a component fixedly connected to the transmission shaft 400 to form a friction force.
- the above-mentioned O-ring 700 can be regarded as applying frictional force to the transmission shaft 400 or other components fixedly connected to the transmission shaft 400 from the entire circumference.
- the friction surface of the friction block may have an arc shape so as to make good contact with the surface of the transmission shaft 400, or the friction surface may have other shapes, depending on the shape of the object in contact with the friction surface.
- the friction block can be regarded as applying frictional force from one or more positions on the transmission shaft 400 or other components fixedly connected to the transmission shaft 400.
- the transmission shaft 400 includes a first transmission shaft 410, a second transmission shaft 420, and a third transmission shaft 430.
- the first transmission shaft 410, the second transmission shaft 420, and the third transmission shaft 430 are distributed in an equilateral triangle. This triangular distribution can ensure the stability of the entire transmission structure and reduce sway.
- each transmission shaft 400 may be correspondingly provided with a damping mechanism, such as an O-ring 700 or a friction block.
- the transmission shaft 400 includes a first transmission shaft, a second transmission shaft, a third transmission shaft, and a fourth transmission shaft.
- the first transmission shaft, the second transmission shaft and the third transmission shaft are distributed in an equilateral triangle. This triangular distribution can ensure the stability of the entire transmission structure and reduce sloshing.
- the fourth transmission shaft is located in the center of the equilateral triangle.
- At least the fourth transmission shaft is provided with a damping mechanism, such as an O-ring 700 or a friction block. In this way, only the fourth transmission shaft can be provided with a damping mechanism, which simplifies the structure, and because the fourth rotation shaft is located on the center of the equilateral triangle, the resistance it receives can be evenly distributed to each transmission shaft.
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Abstract
一种超声波探头，包括壳体（100）、声头（200）、驱动装置（300）以及传动轴（400），驱动装置（300）通过传动轴（400）传动声头（200）振动，至少一根传动轴（400）上设置有阻尼机构，阻尼机构能够向对应的传动轴（400）施加与传动轴（400）运动方向相反的阻力。在断电后，驱动装置（300）停止工作，此时传动轴（400）在惯性作用下会产生余振，而阻尼机构所提供的阻力与传动轴（400）运动方向相反，因此可快速抵消传动轴（400）的余振能量，从而减少传动轴（400）的余振，进而减少声头（200）部分的余振，提高探头测量的准确性。
Description
本申请涉及超声成像设备，尤其是涉及一种超声波探头。
剪切成像装置是基于超声弹性成像技术，用以测量人或动物的器官弹性、或更广泛而言用以测量所有经超声波探测时可以产生超声波信号的粘弹性介质的装置。通过该装置检测肝脏的硬度或弹性来评价肝纤维化和肝硬化的进程，以确定治疗方案有重要的意义。
超声剪切成像的探头通常包括声头，传感器，弹性直线导向结构以及电机等。在检测的过程中，声头需在一定的预压力下与人体有效接触，给电机通正弦波的电流信号，让探头前端的换能器实现来回振动，从而测量组织硬度。但是，通常的探头在驱动电流断开后，由于振动惯性的存在，拖尾现象较严重，且在不同预压力下，其振动拖尾时间的一致性较差，严重影响测量结果的准确性。
本申请提供一种新型的超声波探头，用以减轻探头在断电后的拖尾现象，提高测量的准确性。
一种实施例中提供了一种超声波探头,其特征在于，包括：壳体；
声头，用于发出超声波；
驱动装置，所述驱动装置安装在壳体内，用于驱动声头进行低频振动；至少一根传动轴，所述传动轴一端与驱动装置的输出端连接，另一端与声头连接，用以将驱动装置输出的运动传导至声头；
以及阻尼机构，至少一根所述传动轴对应设置有所述阻尼机构，所述阻尼机构直接与壳体固定连接或固定安装在与壳体固定连接的部件上，且所述阻尼机构与传动轴接触，并能够在传动轴运动时产生阻碍传动轴运动的阻力。
一种实施例中提供了一种超声波探头,其特征在于，包括：
壳体；
声头，用于发出超声波；
驱动装置，所述驱动装置安装在壳体内，用于驱动声头进行低频振动；至少一根传动轴，所述传动轴一端与驱动装置的输出端连接，另一端与声头连接，用以将驱动装置输出的运动传导至声头；
以及阻尼机构，至少一根所述传动轴对应设置有所述阻尼机构，所述阻尼机构直接与壳体固定连接或固定安装在与壳体固定连接的部件上，且所述阻尼机构与和传动轴固定连接的部件接触，并能够在传动轴运动时产生阻碍传动轴运动的阻力。
一种实施例中提供了一种超声波探头,其特征在于，包括：
壳体；
声头，用于发出超声波；
驱动装置，所述驱动装置安装在壳体内，用于驱动声头进行低频振动；至少一根传动轴，所述传动轴一端与驱动装置的输出端连接，另一端与声头连接，用以将驱动装置输出的运动传导至声头；
以及阻尼机构，至少一根所述传动轴对应设置有所述阻尼机构，所述阻尼机构向对应的传动轴施加与传动轴运动方向相反的阻力。
一种实施例中，所述阻尼机构包括摩擦件，所述摩擦件直接与壳体固定连接或固定安装在与壳体固定连接的部件上，且所述摩擦件直接与传动轴接触，并能够在传动轴运动时产生阻碍传动轴运动的摩擦力。
一种实施例中，所述阻尼机构包括摩擦件，所述摩擦件直接与壳体固定连接或固定安装在与壳体固定连接的部件上，所述摩擦件直接与和传动轴固定连接的部件接触，并能够在传动轴运动时产生阻碍传动轴运动的摩擦力。
一种实施例中，所述阻尼机构包括摩擦件，所述摩擦件相对壳体固定设置，且所述摩擦件与传动轴或与和传动轴固定连接的部件接触，并能够在传动轴运动时产生阻碍传动轴运动的摩擦力。
一种实施例中，所述驱动装置包括能够输出直线往复运动的电机，所述传动轴与所述电机的输出端连接为一体。
一种实施例中，还包括与壳体固定连接的固定座，所述摩擦件为O型圈，所述固定座设有用于传动轴穿过的通孔，所述O型圈固定安装在所述通孔内，并套设在传动轴上，所述传动轴与O型圈之间过盈配合。
一种实施例中，还包括作为摩擦件的固定座，所述固定座与壳体固定连接，所述固定座设有用于传动轴穿过的通孔，所述传动轴固定套设有O型圈，所述O型圈与所述通孔的内壁接触，所述通孔的内壁与O型圈之间过盈配合。
一种实施例中，还包括安装在固定座上的直线导向件，所述传动轴可移动的安装在所述直线导向件上。
一种实施例中，所述固定座包括上座体和下座体，所述直线导向件安装在上座体和下座体之间。
一种实施例中，所述直线导向件采用直线轴承、滑动轴承、导向孔结构或滑轨。
一种实施例中，所述摩擦件为至少一个摩擦块，所述摩擦块相对壳体固定设置，其具有与传动轴或与和传动轴固定连接的部件接触的摩擦面，所述摩擦面与传动轴或与和传动轴固定连接的部件压紧配合，用以形成摩擦力。
一种实施例中，所述摩擦块为至少两个，其围绕对应传动轴的轴心呈旋转对称分布。
一种实施例中，所述传动轴包括第一传动轴、第二传动轴和第三传动轴，所述第一传动轴、第二传动轴和第三传动轴成等边三角形分布，每根传动轴上分别对应设置有阻尼机构。
一种实施例中，所述传动轴包括第一传动轴、第二传动轴、第三传动轴和第四传动轴，所述第一传动轴、第二传动轴和第三传动轴成等边三角形分布，所述第四传动轴位于等边三角形的中心，至少所述第四传动轴上设置有阻尼机构。
本申请的有益效果是：
本申请提供的超声波探头中，驱动装置通过传动轴传动声头振动，而至少一根传动轴上设置有阻尼机构，该阻尼机构能够向对应的传动轴施加与传动轴运动方向相反的阻力。在探头断电后，驱动装置停止工作，此时传动轴在惯性作用下会产生余振，而阻尼机构所提供的阻力与传动轴运动方向相反，因此可快速抵消传动轴的余振能量，从而减少传动轴的余振，进而减少声头部分的余振，提高探头测量的准确性。
图1为本申请超声波探头一种实施例剖视图；
图2为图1所示实施例中阻尼机构安装结构示意图；
图3为本申请一种实施例中采用阻尼机构前后的拖尾时间对比示意图。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施方式结合附图对本发明作进一步详细说明。本申请可以以多种不同的形式来实现，并不限于本实施例所描述的实施方式。提供以下具体实施方式的目的是便于对本申请公开内容更清楚透彻的理解，其中上、下、左、右等指示方位的字词仅是针对所示结构在对应附图中位置而言。
然而，本领域的技术人员可能会意识到其中的一个或多个的具体细节描述可以被省略，或者还可以采用其他的方法、组件或材料。在一些例子中，一些实施方式并没有描述或没有详细的描述。
此外，本文中记载的技术特征、技术方案还可以在一个或多个实施例中以任意合适的方式组合。对于本领域的技术人员来说，易于理解与本文提供的实施例有关的方法的步骤或操作顺序还可以改变。因此，附图和实施例中的任何顺序仅仅用于说明用途，并不暗示要求按照一定的顺序，除非明确说明要求按照某一顺序。
本实施例提供一种超声波探头，例如是一种用于剪切波成像的超声探头。
请参考图1和2，本超声波探头包括壳体100、声头200、驱动装置300以及传动轴400。当然，该探头本身还可以包括其他相关部件，例如压力传感器、线缆等，此处主要描述与本申请相关的部件，其他部件未作详细介绍。
该声头200可活动的安装在壳体100上。该驱动装置300与声头200连接，用于驱动声头200进行低频振动，以使声头200在组织内产生弹性剪切波。该传动轴400为一根以上，其一端与驱动装置300的输出端连接，另一端与声头200连接，用以将驱动装置300输出的运动传导至声头200。该声头200同时具有声头晶片，可以发出能够检测弹性剪切波传递情况的超声波，最后采集回波信号形成瞬时弹性成像。
其中，该超声波探头还包括阻尼机构。至少一根传动轴400对应设置有阻尼机构，该阻尼机构向对应的传动轴400施加与传动轴400运动方向相反的阻力。这里所说的设置不仅包括固定安装，也包括非固定安装。在探头断电后，驱动装置300停止工作，此时传动轴400在惯性作用下会产生余振，而阻尼机构所提供的阻力与传动轴400运动方向相反，因此可快速抵消传动轴400的余振能量，从而减少传动轴400的余振，进而减少声头200部分的余振，提高探头测量的准确性。
该阻尼机构可直接与壳体固定连接或固定安装在与壳体固定连接的部件上。该阻尼机构可直接与传动轴接触，用以在传动轴运动时产生阻碍传动轴运动的摩擦力。当然阻尼机构也可与和传动轴固定连接的部件接触，从而通过对该部件施加阻力来进一步阻碍传动轴的运动。
该阻尼机构所形成的阻力可以通过摩擦力或其他形式的作用力来实现。例如，一种实施例中，该阻尼机构包括摩擦件，该摩擦件相对壳体100固定设置，且摩擦件与传动轴400或与和传动轴400固定连接的部件接触，并能够在传动轴400振动时产生摩擦力。摩擦件对传动轴400或与传动轴400固定连接的其他部件形成的摩擦力会克服掉传动轴400的一部分余振能量，从而减少传动轴400以及与传动轴400连接的声头200的余振，减轻拖尾现象，还可以提高拖尾时间的一致性，进而图像质量和测量结果都有明显改善。
请参考图3，该图3示意性的绘制出了一种实施例中采用阻尼机构前后两种状态下拖尾时间的对比示意图。在该实施例中施加到电机的电流的频率为50HZ，0.5cycle(半个波长)。图3中横坐标是预压力值，纵坐标是拖尾时间。图3中a表示增加了阻尼机构后的示意图，图3中b表示未设置阻尼机构时示意图。当然，在其他参数变化后，该对比示意图也可能会有所变化，但无论何种变化，超声波探头增加阻尼机构后的拖尾时间明显比未增加阻尼机构时缩短。
请参考图1和2，一种实施例中，该壳体100内部形成腔体，将声头200的一部分、驱动装置300、传动轴400以及阻尼机构都安装在于壳体100内。一种实施例中，该驱动装置300包括能够输出直线往复运动的电机，例如音圈电机。传动轴400与电机的输出端连接为一体。例如，请参考图1和2，一种实施例中，该驱动装置300作为输出端的输出轴通过下连接座810与传动轴400固定。该输出轴固定在下连接座810的一侧，下连接座810的另一侧对应锁紧传动轴400，并能够带动传动轴400一体运动。传动轴400的另一端则可以与一个上连接座820固定连接，该上连接座820可以用来安装声头200、压力传感器（如果需要）等部件。
进一步地，该摩擦件可采用各种能够向传动轴400或与传动轴400固定连接的部件施加摩擦力的结构，这包括从传动轴400或与传动轴400固定连接的部件整个周向上施加摩擦力（例如O型圈），也包括从传动轴400或与传动轴400固定连接的部件上的一个以上的作用点施加摩擦力（例如通过一个或两个以上的摩擦块从一处或两处以上的位置压住传动轴400或与传动轴400固定连接的部件）。
请参考图1，一种实施例中，以采用O型圈700为例，该超声波探头还包括与壳体100固定连接的固定座500，该摩擦件为O型圈700。固定座500具有用于传动轴400穿过的通孔。该O型圈700固定安装在通孔内，并套设在传动轴400上。该传动轴400与O型圈700之间过盈配合，在传动轴400相对O型圈700往复移动时，O型圈700对传动轴400产生摩擦力，阻碍其移动。
而在另一种实施例中，可采用类似的固定座500，此时该固定座500作为摩擦件。该固定座500的通孔较图1所示结构略变大，而O型圈700固定套设在对应的传动轴400上，即O型圈与传动轴400固定连接为一体。传动轴400与O型圈700整体设置在通孔内，且能够在通孔内往复移动。该通孔的内壁与O型圈700接触，其两者之间过盈配合，通过固定座500向O型圈700施加摩擦力，进而向传动轴400提供阻力。
进一步地，为了保证声头200低频振动的稳定性，请参考图1和2，在某些实施例中，还包括安装在固定座500上的直线导向件600，该传动轴400可移动的安装在直线导向件600上。该直线导向件600用于导向传动轴400按照设定的直线做往复运动，通常直线导向件600可采用直线轴承、滑动轴承、导向孔结构、滑轨或其他形式的直线导向结构。在某些实施例中，用于提供预压力的弹性件900也可套设在传动轴400上，并抵接固定座500。
请继续参考图1和2，该固定座500包括上座体510和下座体520。该直线导向件600安装在上座体510和下座体520之间。图1和2中所示直线导向件600为直线轴承，传动轴400从直线轴承内穿过，用以保证传动轴400往复移动的顺滑性。
另一方面，该摩擦件并不局限于O型圈700这种结构，例如，在一种实施例中，该摩擦件为至少一个摩擦块。该摩擦块相对壳体100固定设置，例如可以直接安装在壳体100上，也可以安装在与壳体100固定连接的部件上。该摩擦块具有与传动轴400或与和传动轴400固定连接的部件接触的摩擦面，该摩擦面与传动轴400或与和传动轴400固定连接的部件压紧配合，用以形成摩擦力。上述的O型圈700可视为从整个周向上向传动轴400或与传动轴400固定连接的其他部件施加摩擦力。该摩擦块的摩擦面可具有弧形，从而可与传动轴400的表面良好的接触，或者摩擦面也可以为其他形状，具体视与摩擦面所接触的对象的形状而定。该摩擦块可视为从传动轴400或与传动轴400固定连接的其他部件上的一处或两处以上的位置施加摩擦力。
进一步地，为了保证传动轴400受力的稳定性，一种实施例中，该摩擦块为至少两个，其围绕对应传动轴400的轴心呈旋转对称分布，保证传动轴400受力的对称性，避免传动轴400因为一侧受力过大而发生倾斜。
以上仅示出了几种摩擦件的示例结构，在其他实施例中，也可以采用其他形式的结构来直接或间接对传动轴400施加摩擦力，从而形成与传动轴400运动方向相反的阻力。当然，用摩擦力来阻碍传动轴400的余振也仅是一种示例，在其他实施例中，也可以采用其他形式的作用力来实现阻尼机构的作用。
进一步地，为了保证传动结构的稳定，一些实施例中，该传动轴400可以为多根，在传动轴400为多根时，可以在至少一根传动轴400上设置阻尼机构。请参考图1和2，一种实施例中，该传动轴400包括第一传动轴410、第二传动轴420和第三传动轴430。该第一传动轴410、第二传动轴420和第三传动轴430成等边三角形分布，这种三角形分布可以保证整个传动结构稳定性，减少晃动。进一步地，可以使每根传动轴400上分别对应设置有阻尼机构，例如O型圈700或摩擦块。
或者，在另一种实施例中，该传动轴400包括第一传动轴、第二传动轴、第三传动轴和第四传动轴。其中，第一传动轴、第二传动轴和第三传动轴成等边三角形分布，这种三角形分布可以保证整个传动结构稳定性，减少晃动。而第四传动轴位于等边三角形的中心，至少第四传动轴上设置有阻尼机构，例如O型圈700或摩擦块。这种方式中可只在第四传动轴上设置阻尼机构，简化结构，而且由于第四转动轴位于该等边三角形的中心上，其所受阻力可均匀的分摊到各个传动轴。
以上内容是结合具体的实施方式对本发明所作的进一步详细说明，不能认定本发明的具体实施只局限于这些说明。对于本发明所属技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干简单推演或替换。
Claims (16)
- 一种超声波探头,其特征在于，包括：壳体；声头，用于发出超声波；驱动装置，所述驱动装置安装在壳体内，用于驱动声头进行低频振动；至少一根传动轴，所述传动轴一端与驱动装置的输出端连接，另一端与声头连接，用以将驱动装置输出的运动传导至声头；以及阻尼机构，至少一根所述传动轴对应设置有所述阻尼机构，所述阻尼机构直接与壳体固定连接或固定安装在与壳体固定连接的部件上，且所述阻尼机构与传动轴接触，并能够在传动轴运动时产生阻碍传动轴运动的阻力。
- 一种超声波探头,其特征在于，包括：壳体；声头，用于发出超声波；驱动装置，所述驱动装置安装在壳体内，用于驱动声头进行低频振动；至少一根传动轴，所述传动轴一端与驱动装置的输出端连接，另一端与声头连接，用以将驱动装置输出的运动传导至声头；以及阻尼机构，至少一根所述传动轴对应设置有所述阻尼机构，所述阻尼机构直接与壳体固定连接或固定安装在与壳体固定连接的部件上，且所述阻尼机构与和传动轴固定连接的部件接触，并能够在传动轴运动时产生阻碍传动轴运动的阻力。
- 一种超声波探头,其特征在于，包括：壳体；声头，用于发出超声波；驱动装置，所述驱动装置安装在壳体内，用于驱动声头进行低频振动；至少一根传动轴，所述传动轴一端与驱动装置的输出端连接，另一端与声头连接，用以将驱动装置输出的运动传导至声头；以及阻尼机构，至少一根所述传动轴对应设置有所述阻尼机构，所述阻尼机构向对应的传动轴施加与传动轴运动方向相反的阻力。
- 如权利要求1所述的超声波探头，其特征在于，所述阻尼机构包括摩擦件，所述摩擦件直接与壳体固定连接或固定安装在与壳体固定连接的部件上，且所述摩擦件直接与传动轴接触，并能够在传动轴运动时产生阻碍传动轴运动的摩擦力。
- 如权利要求2所述的超声波探头，其特征在于，所述阻尼机构包括摩擦件，所述摩擦件直接与壳体固定连接或固定安装在与壳体固定连接的部件上，所述摩擦件直接与和传动轴固定连接的部件接触，并能够在传动轴运动时产生阻碍传动轴运动的摩擦力。
- 如权利要求3所述的超声波探头，其特征在于，所述阻尼机构包括摩擦件，所述摩擦件相对壳体固定设置，且所述摩擦件与传动轴或与和传动轴固定连接的部件接触，并能够在传动轴运动时产生阻碍传动轴运动的摩擦力。
- 如权利要求4至6任一项所述的超声波探头，其特征在于，所述驱动装置包括能够输出直线往复运动的电机，所述传动轴与所述电机的输出端连接为一体。
- 如权利要求4、6或7所述的超声波探头，其特征在于，还包括与壳体固定连接的固定座，所述摩擦件为O型圈，所述固定座设有用于传动轴穿过的通孔，所述O型圈固定安装在所述通孔内，并套设在传动轴上，所述传动轴与O型圈之间过盈配合。
- 如权利要求5至7任一项所述的超声波探头，其特征在于，还包括作为摩擦件的固定座，所述固定座与壳体固定连接，所述固定座设有用于传动轴穿过的通孔，所述传动轴固定套设有O型圈，所述O型圈与所述通孔的内壁接触，所述通孔的内壁与O型圈之间过盈配合。
- 如权利要求8或9所述的超声波探头，其特征在于，还包括安装在固定座上的直线导向件，所述传动轴可移动的安装在所述直线导向件上。
- 如权利要求10所述的超声波探头，其特征在于，所述固定座包括上座体和下座体，所述直线导向件安装在上座体和下座体之间。
- 如权利要求10或11所述的超声波探头，其特征在于，所述直线导向件采用直线轴承、滑动轴承、导向孔结构或滑轨。
- 如权利要求4至7任一项所述的超声波探头，其特征在于，所述摩擦件为至少一个摩擦块，所述摩擦块相对壳体固定设置，其具有与传动轴或与和传动轴固定连接的部件接触的摩擦面，所述摩擦面与传动轴或与和传动轴固定连接的部件压紧配合，用以形成摩擦力。
- 如权利要求13所述的超声波探头，其特征在于，所述摩擦块为至少两个，其围绕对应传动轴的轴心呈旋转对称分布。
- 如权利要求1-14任一项所述的超声波探头，其特征在于，所述传动轴包括第一传动轴、第二传动轴和第三传动轴，所述第一传动轴、第二传动轴和第三传动轴成等边三角形分布，每根传动轴上分别对应设置有阻尼机构。
- 如权利要求1-14任一项所述的超声波探头，其特征在于，所述传动轴包括第一传动轴、第二传动轴、第三传动轴和第四传动轴，所述第一传动轴、第二传动轴和第三传动轴成等边三角形分布，所述第四传动轴位于等边三角形的中心，至少所述第四传动轴上设置有阻尼机构。
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