WO2020101058A1 - 비접촉 급전 시스템 - Google Patents

비접촉 급전 시스템 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020101058A1
WO2020101058A1 PCT/KR2018/013877 KR2018013877W WO2020101058A1 WO 2020101058 A1 WO2020101058 A1 WO 2020101058A1 KR 2018013877 W KR2018013877 W KR 2018013877W WO 2020101058 A1 WO2020101058 A1 WO 2020101058A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
power
power supply
voltage
coil
receiving
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Application number
PCT/KR2018/013877
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English (en)
French (fr)
Korean (ko)
Inventor
강춘식
Original Assignee
(주)금강오토텍
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Publication of WO2020101058A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020101058A1/ko

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/12—Inductive energy transfer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/20—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/20—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess voltage
    • H02H3/202—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess voltage for dc systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
    • H02J50/12—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a non-contact power supply system, and more particularly, to a non-contact power supply system that supplies electric power to a moving object such as an electric transportation vehicle in a non-contact manner.
  • non-contact power transmission power is supplied in a non-contact manner from a power supply device connected to a high frequency power supply device to a power receiving device connected to a load.
  • the power feeding device is provided with a power supply coil
  • the power receiving device is provided with a power receiving coil.
  • the power feeding coil and the power receiving coil are magnetically coupled, so that power feeding in non-contact is performed.
  • the power receiving device on the vehicle side has a control unit, a communication unit, and a voltage detection unit in addition to the secondary coil and power receiving circuit.
  • the power feeding device on the main parking area side has a control unit, a communication unit, and a notification unit in addition to the primary coil and the power supply circuit.
  • the power supply circuit is stopped by performing overvoltage communication to the power feeding device using the communication unit.
  • an overvoltage protection unit is provided in the power receiving device.
  • the overvoltage protection unit detects the occurrence of overvoltage in the power receiving device, the secondary coil of the power receiving device is short-circuited to protect the power receiving device.
  • the power transmission device detects a change in current or voltage due to a short circuit, and turns off the power.
  • Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Publication No. 2013-172507
  • Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Publication No. 2012-044762
  • the present invention has been developed to solve the problems of the prior art, and has an object to provide a non-contact power supply system having high operational reliability while realizing miniaturization without a communication unit.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a non-contact power supply system capable of automatic recovery while protecting the system in the event of a temporary overvoltage occurrence.
  • the non-contact power supply system of the present invention for solving the above problems is a non-contact power supply system having a power supply device and a power receiving device, wherein the power supply device includes a power supply coil and an AC power supply that supplies AC power to the power supply coil, and the power reception
  • the apparatus converts a power receiving coil that is magnetically coupled while receiving AC power in a non-contact manner while facing the feed coil, a power receiving side resonance capacitor connected to the power receiving coil to form a power receiving side resonance circuit, and AC power received by the power receiving coil.
  • the overvoltage protection circuit includes a voltage detection circuit that detects a voltage at a specific point in the power receiving device, a first capacitor connected to one end of the rectifying circuit, and a first capacitor connected to the ground.
  • the overvoltage protection circuit further includes a second capacitor connected to the other end of the rectifying circuit, and a second switch connected between the second capacitor and ground, and the voltage detected by the voltage detection circuit is If the voltage is higher than a predetermined voltage, the switch operation unit operates the second switch in a turn-on state.
  • the overvoltage protection circuit of the power receiving device changes the resonance frequency of the power receiving side resonance circuit when the overvoltage condition is determined.
  • the resonance frequency of the power receiving side deviates significantly from the frequency of the AC power supply, so that the power receiving voltage is lowered and the overvoltage condition is eliminated, thereby protecting the system. That is, in the present invention, since a communication unit is not provided, miniaturization can be achieved, and short-term protection is possible and operation reliability is high.
  • the present invention enables automatic recovery in the event of temporary overvoltage.
  • FIG. 1 is a view schematically illustrating a configuration of a non-contact power feeding system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram qualitatively showing frequency characteristics of power feeding performance in the non-contact power feeding system of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a time chart illustrating the operation of overvoltage protection in the non-contact power supply system of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 4 is a time chart illustrating the operation of the overcurrent protection circuit in the non-contact power supply system of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 1 is a view schematically illustrating a configuration of a non-contact power feeding system 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a broken arrow indicates the flow of control.
  • the non-contact power feeding system 100 illustrated in FIG. 1 includes a power feeding device 100S and a power receiving device 100R.
  • the power feeding device 100S is disposed at a certain position.
  • the power receiving device 100R can change the position of the power receiving device 100S.
  • the non-contact power feeding system 100 performs non-contact power feeding in a self-coupled manner.
  • the power supply device 100S includes an AC power supply 120, a capacitor 132 for power supply side resonance, a power supply coil 131, and an overcurrent protection circuit 133.
  • the high voltage output terminal 121 of the AC power supply 120 is connected to one end of the power supply side resonance capacitor 132.
  • the other end of the feeding-side resonance capacitor 132 is connected to one end of the feeding coil 131.
  • the other end of the feed coil 131 is connected to one end of the overcurrent protection circuit 133.
  • the other end of the overcurrent protection circuit 133 is connected to the low voltage output terminal 122 of the AC power supply 120.
  • the AC power supply 120 supplies AC power to the power supply coil 131.
  • the AC power supply 120 may be configured using, for example, a DC power supply unit that supplies DC voltage, and a known bridge circuit that converts DC voltage into AC.
  • the frequency f0 of the AC power supply 120 is several 10 kHz to several 100 kHz, but is not limited to this.
  • the feeding-side resonance capacitor 132 and the feeding coil 131 constitute a feeding-side resonance circuit.
  • the power supply-side resonance circuit becomes a series resonance circuit when viewed from the AC power supply 120.
  • the feeding-side resonance frequency fs of the feeding-side resonance circuit is expressed by Equation (1).
  • ⁇ is the circumference
  • Ls is the inductance value of the power supply coil 131
  • Cs is the capacitance value of the power supply side resonance capacitor 132.
  • the overcurrent protection circuit 133 detects the feed current IS flowing through the feed coil 131, and compares the case with the threshold current IF that determines the over current condition.
  • the overcurrent protection circuit 133 outputs a stop signal Soff to the AC power supply 120 when the feed current IS exceeds a threshold current IF over a predetermined failure determination time TF. As a result, the AC power supply 120 is stopped.
  • the failure determination time TF is set longer than the return time TR described later.
  • the power receiving device 100R includes a power receiving coil 141, a power receiving side series resonant capacitor 142, a power receiving side parallel resonant capacitor 143, a power receiving circuit, and an overvoltage protection circuit.
  • the power receiving circuit includes a rectifying circuit 150 and a smoothing capacitor 155.
  • the overvoltage protection circuit includes a voltage detection unit 161, a switch control unit 164, capacitors 146, 148, and switches 147, 149.
  • One end of the power receiving coil 141 is connected to one end of the power receiving side resonance capacitor 142.
  • the other end of the receiving-side resonance capacitor 142 is connected to one end 144 of the receiving-side resonance capacitor 143.
  • the other end of the power receiving coil 141 is connected to the other end 145 of the power receiving side resonance capacitor 143.
  • the terminal 144 is connected to one end of the capacitor 146 and the first input terminal 151 of the rectifying circuit 150.
  • the terminal 145 is connected to one end of the capacitor 148 and the second input terminal 152 of the rectifying circuit 150.
  • the first output terminal 153 and the second output terminal 154 of the rectifying circuit 150 are connected to one end and the other end of the smoothing capacitor 155, the voltage detector 161, and the inverter 162.
  • One end of the switch 147 is connected to the other end of the capacitor 146, and the other end is grounded.
  • One end of the switch 149 is connected to the other end of the capacitor 148, and the other end is grounded.
  • the power receiving coil 141 faces the power feeding coil 131, it is magnetically coupled to receive AC power in a non-contact manner.
  • the receiving coil 141 and the receiving-side resonance capacitors 142 and 143 constitute a receiving-side resonance circuit.
  • the resonance circuit on the power reception side becomes a series-parallel resonance circuit when viewed from the inverter 162 side.
  • the resonance frequency fr of the power reception side of the power reception side resonance circuit is expressed by Equation (2).
  • ⁇ is the circumference
  • Lr is the inductance value of the power receiving coil 141
  • Cr is the composite capacitance value of the power receiving side resonance capacitors 142 and 143.
  • the rectifying circuit 150 may be composed of a known full-wave rectifying circuit in which four rectifying diodes are bridged.
  • the rectifying circuit 150 and the smoothing capacitor 155 generate a direct current receiving voltage VR and output it to the inverter 162.
  • the inverter 162 performs work on the power receiving device 100R, and the type, power consumption, and the like are not limited.
  • Inverter 162 is an inverter 162 is a power supply circuit of a drive motor installed in a transport vehicle or the like, and converts the output of the rectifying circuit 150 into alternating current at an appropriate frequency.
  • the voltage detection unit 161 detects the power reception voltage VR and outputs it to the switch control unit 164.
  • the switch control unit 164 compares the receiving voltage VR and the threshold voltage VF for determining the overvoltage condition.
  • the switches 147 and 149 are used in a turn-off state during normal operation. When the power receiving voltage VR exceeds the threshold voltage VF, the switch control unit 164 outputs a turn-on signal to the switches 147 and 149. Thereby, the switches 147 and 149 are operated in a turn-on state, whereby the resonance frequency fr of the power receiving side shown in equation (2) is shifted.
  • the resonance frequency is, for example, several tens of times larger than the original, so that the voltage is induced to be small in the power receiving device 100R.
  • the switch control unit 164 has a timer for measuring the elapsed time after operating the switches 147 and 149 in turn-off.
  • the switch control unit 164 performs the comparison of the receiving voltage VR and the threshold voltage VF again.
  • the turn-on signal is canceled.
  • the switches 147 and 149 are operated in a turn-off state, so that the resonance frequency of the power receiving side returns to its original value.
  • the return time TR is set shorter than the failure determination time TF of the overcurrent protection circuit 133.
  • the voltage detector 161 may be configured of, for example, a resistance divider circuit that divides and detects the receiving voltage VR with a plurality of resistors connected in series.
  • the switch control unit 164 includes, for example, an AD converter that converts the partial voltage value of the power reception voltage VR into a digital voltage value, and an electronic control device that controls the switches 147 and 149 by performing predetermined calculation processing on the digital voltage value. It can be configured in combination.
  • a power semiconductor having a switching function or an electronic switching relay can be used for the switches 147 and 149.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram qualitatively showing the frequency characteristics of the feeding performance of the non-contact feeding system 100.
  • the horizontal axis in Fig. 2 represents the frequency f
  • the vertical axis represents the receiving voltage VR.
  • the frequency characteristic of the power feeding performance is a double characteristic having peaks at the power-receiving-side resonance frequency fr and the power-feeding side resonance frequency fs.
  • the receiving voltage VR is relatively high and stable at the same time. Therefore, the frequency f0 of the AC power supply 120 is determined between the power reception side resonance frequency fr and the power supply side resonance frequency fs. Thereby, it is less affected by frequency fluctuations, and at the same time, a relatively high receiving voltage VR can be obtained.
  • the magnitude relationship between the receiving-side resonance frequency fr and the feeding-side resonance frequency fs may be reversed.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram of a time chart schematically illustrating the operation of overvoltage protection of the non-contact power supply system 100.
  • the horizontal axis in Fig. 3 represents the passage of time t
  • the upper graph represents the power receiving voltage VR
  • the lower graph represents the feeding current IS.
  • the power receiving device 100R before the time t1, the power receiving device 100R is in a proper position with respect to the power feeding device 100S, and non-contact power feeding is performed satisfactorily.
  • the receiving voltage VR is Vn
  • the feeding current IS is In.
  • the power receiving voltage VR starts to rise for some reason, the feeding current IS starts to increase at the same time.
  • a position change of the power receiving device 100R can be considered. That is, when the relative position of the power receiving device 100R with respect to the power feeding device 100S is changed, the power receiving voltage VR may temporarily increase.
  • a steep fluctuation of the load connected to the inverter 162 can be considered. For example, when the load is a motor, the receiving voltage VR may temporarily increase according to a change in the number of revolutions of the motor.
  • a third cause it is possible to think of a failure of a circuit component.
  • the power reception voltage VR may rise. It is often due to the first or second cause.
  • the switches 147 and 149 are operated in the turned-on state by the switch control unit 164.
  • the resonance frequency fr of the power receiving side shifts, and the power receiving voltage VR starts to decrease.
  • the receiving coil 141 and the inverter 162 are closed, the current flowing through the inverter 162 does not disappear in an instant. If the operation of the switches 147 and 149 to the turn-on state is not performed, the receiving voltage VR continues to increase as indicated by the broken line Vx, and thus a danger occurs.
  • the feed current IS continues to increase after time t2 and exceeds the threshold current IF at time t3.
  • the receiving voltage VR falling at time t4 is lower than the voltage value Vn when it is satisfactory.
  • the switch control unit 164 performs the comparison of the receiving voltage VR and the threshold voltage VF again.
  • the switches 147 and 149 are operated in a turn-off state by the switch control unit 164.
  • the resonance frequency fr of the power receiving side recovers, and the power receiving voltage VR starts to rise. If the switches 147 and 149 are not operated in a turn-off state, the power receiving voltage VR does not automatically recover because it is degraded as indicated by the broken line table.
  • the cause is often resolved at the time t5.
  • the power receiving voltage VR stabilizes at the voltage value Vn when it is good.
  • the feed current IS starts to decrease after time t5, and stabilizes at the current value In when it is good. That is, when the receiving voltage VR temporarily rises due to the first or second cause, the overvoltage protection circuit causes the receiving voltage VR to be lowered, thereby protecting the system and performing automatic recovery.
  • the overcurrent protection circuit 133 does not output the stop signal Soff at the time t6.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram of a time chart briefly explaining the operation of the overcurrent protection circuit 133 of the non-contact power supply system 100.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates a case where the receiving voltage VR rises at the same time t1 as in FIG. 3 and the feeding current IS starts to increase due to the third cause.
  • the lapse of the horizontal axis time t in FIG. 4 indicates a period longer than that in FIG. 3. If the third cause is occurring, after the time t3, the power supply current IS exceeds the threshold current IF.
  • the failure determination time TF elapses as the operation of the switches 147 and 149 to the turn-on state and the operation to the turn-off state are repeated several times.
  • the overcurrent protection circuit 133 outputs a stop signal Soff. Thereby, the AC power supply 120 is stopped, and the feeding current IS does not flow.
  • the non-contact power feeding system 100 has the following unique effects compared to the prior art.
  • the inverter 162 can continue to operate between time t2 and time t4.
  • the receiving voltage VR acting on the inverter 162 disappears in an instant.
  • the receiving voltage VR temporarily rises due to the first or second cause, automatic recovery can be performed while protecting the system.
  • the AC power supply 120 is stopped, so a human hand is required for the recovery operation.
  • the third cause that is, when the power receiving voltage VR rises due to a failure of a circuit component, the AC power supply 120 can be stopped and the entire non-contact power feeding system 100 can be reliably protected as in the prior art.
  • the resonance frequency of the power receiving side is also changed by separating the capacitor 143 from the power receiving device 100R.
  • a large current flows to the capacitor 143 at the moment of separation, and thus the capacitor 143 may be damaged.
  • the switches 147 and 149 are operated in a stepped state to discharge current to the ground, so there is little possibility of damage to the element of the power receiving device 100R.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Protection Of Static Devices (AREA)
  • Current-Collector Devices For Electrically Propelled Vehicles (AREA)
PCT/KR2018/013877 2018-11-13 2018-11-14 비접촉 급전 시스템 WO2020101058A1 (ko)

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KR10-2018-0139069 2018-11-13
KR1020180139069A KR102251590B1 (ko) 2018-11-13 2018-11-13 비접촉 급전 시스템

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KR102580366B1 (ko) * 2020-10-12 2023-09-19 한국과학기술원 입력전력 차단회로를 구비한 무선전력 집전장치

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KR102251590B1 (ko) 2021-05-14
CN111231704A (zh) 2020-06-05

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