WO2020098463A1 - 一种升降压电路 - Google Patents
一种升降压电路 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020098463A1 WO2020098463A1 PCT/CN2019/112795 CN2019112795W WO2020098463A1 WO 2020098463 A1 WO2020098463 A1 WO 2020098463A1 CN 2019112795 W CN2019112795 W CN 2019112795W WO 2020098463 A1 WO2020098463 A1 WO 2020098463A1
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- switching device
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
- H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
- H02M3/1582—Buck-boost converters
Definitions
- the invention relates to a switching power supply converter circuit, in particular to a buck-boost circuit with two working modes of boost and buck.
- the existing four-switch BUCK-BOOST buck-boost circuit is shown in FIG. 1 and includes four switching devices S1 to S4, an inductor L, an input capacitor C1 and an output capacitor C2.
- the switching device S1, switching device S2 and inductance L in Fig. 1 form a buck converter.
- the switching device S2 uses MOS tubes instead of diodes to achieve synchronous rectification;
- the switching device S3, switching device S4 and inductance L form a boost Voltage (BOOST) converter, in which the switching device S4 uses MOS tube instead of diode to achieve synchronous rectification.
- BOOST boost Voltage
- the converters S1 and S3 as the main control switching device can realize the transfer of energy from input to output
- S4 and S2 as the main control switching device can realize the transfer of energy from output to input, so the energy can flow in two directions and can achieve two-way power conversion Applications.
- the output voltage is less than the input voltage.
- S4 is normally open, S3 is long off, S1 and S2 are turned on in turn, the relationship between the input and output voltage ratio and S1's on-duty cycle D1, in the case of fixed switching frequency, with D1's It is known that it takes time to turn on and turn off the switching device.
- D1 is reduced to a certain value, that is, less than the time required for the switching device to turn on, the switching device S1 cannot be turned on normally, nor can the power supply It works normally.
- the output voltage is greater than the input voltage.
- S1 is normally open, S2 is long off, S3 and S4 are turned on alternately, and the ratio of the input and output voltage and the on-duty ratio of S3 is D3.
- D3 increases to a certain value, it is 1 -When D3 is less than the time required for the switching device to turn off, the switching device S3 cannot be turned off normally, and the power supply cannot work normally.
- the traditional four-buck BUCK-BOOST buck-boost circuit can realize the power supply application where the output voltage V OUT is less than, equal to or greater than the input voltage V IN , and can also realize the power supply application of bidirectional power conversion.
- the loss of the switching device becomes larger, the efficiency of the power supply system becomes lower, and even the voltage conversion function cannot be realized.
- the existing coupled inductor-like topologies are shown in Figures 2 and 3, and each includes two switching devices S1 and S2, two inductive devices L1 and L2, an input capacitor C1 and an output capacitor C2, and two inductive devices Coupling together through the magnetic core.
- Figure 2 shows the topology of the buck coupled inductance class.
- the input / output voltage ratio is related to the turn-on duty ratio D and turn ratio ⁇ of S1.
- the formula shows that with the same gain M, the turn ratio ⁇ increases, and the duty ratio D also increases.
- the turn ratio ⁇ of 1 is the relationship between the ratio of the input and output voltage of the ordinary BUCK and the duty ratio D.
- the advantage of this circuit is that under the same input and output voltage ratio, the turn ratio ⁇ becomes larger and the duty ratio D also becomes larger, which solves the problem that the switching device cannot be turned on normally with the decrease of D1 in the ordinary 4-switch BUCK-BOOST circuit. But the disadvantage is that the boost function cannot be realized at the same time.
- Figure 3 shows the boost-coupled inductor-like topology.
- the input / output voltage ratio is related to the turn-on duty ratio D and turn ratio ⁇ of S2.
- the formula shows that with the same gain M, the turn ratio ⁇ increases, and the duty ratio D decreases.
- the turn ratio ⁇ of 1 is the relationship between the ratio of the input and output voltage of the ordinary BOOST and the duty ratio D.
- the advantage of this circuit is that under the same input-output voltage ratio, the turn ratio ⁇ becomes larger and the duty ratio D decreases, which solves the problem that the switching device cannot be normally turned off with the increase of D3 in the ordinary 4-switch BUCK-BOOST circuit. But the disadvantage is that it can not realize the step-down function at the same time.
- the buck-coupling inductor topology shown in Figure 2 can solve the problem of large transformation ratio requirements when the output is less than the input condition; The problem.
- neither of the two coupled inductor-type topologies can simultaneously achieve power supply applications where the output voltage is less than, equal to, or greater than the input voltage.
- the disadvantage of the existing four-switch BUCK-BOOST is that it cannot achieve the function of a large ratio of output and input; the disadvantage of the existing coupled-inductor topology is that it cannot simultaneously achieve a power supply with an output voltage less than, equal to or greater than the input voltage application.
- the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to propose a buck-boost circuit, which can not only realize the power supply application with output voltage less than, equal to or greater than the input voltage, but also achieve large changes in output and input Than the power application.
- the inventive concept of the present application is to improve on the basis of the four-tube BUCK-BOOST buck-boost circuit of FIG. 1, remove the switching device S3 therein, and multiplex the switching device S2 in the BOOST boost mode to thereby Omit a switching tube, and an inductance is connected in series between the source of the switching device S1 and the drain of the switching device S2, so that the circuit has a different turn ratio in different modes.
- the duty cycle of the switching device S1 is greater than when the turn ratio is greater than 1
- the duty cycle of the switching device S2 is greater than the turn ratio when the turn ratio is greater than 1.
- the time is small, so that the circuit can realize not only the power supply application whose output voltage is less than, equal to or greater than the input voltage, but also the power supply application whose output and input are of a large transformation ratio.
- a buck-boost circuit includes positive input power supply, positive output power supply, negative power supply, first switching device S1, second switching device S2, third switching device S3, first coupled inductance device L1, second coupled inductance device L2 , The first capacitive device C1 and the second capacitive device C2; wherein, the on-current inflow terminal of the first switching device S1 is connected to the input power supply and port one of the first capacitor C1, and the on-current outflow terminal of the first switching device S1 is connected Port one of the first coupled inductance device L1, the conducting current of the second switching device S2 is connected to port two of the first coupled inductance device L1 and port one of the second coupled inductance device L2, and the second switching device S2 is turned on The current outflow terminal is connected to the power supply negative, the conducting current inflow terminal of the third switching device S3 is connected to the second coupling inductance device L2, and the conducting current outflow terminal of the third switching device S3 is connected to the output power supply positive and the second capacitor device C2 Port one
- the first coupled inductance device L1 and the second coupled inductance device L2 are coupled to each other by sharing a magnetic core.
- the number of turns of the first coupled inductance device L1 and the second coupled inductance device L2 is adjustable.
- the first switching device S1, the second switching device S2 and the third switching device S3 are all MOS transistors.
- the first switching device S1 and the second switching device S2 are MOS transistors, and the third switching device S3 is a diode.
- the first port of the third coupled inductance device L3 is connected to the second port of the first coupled inductance device L1 and the first port of the second coupled inductance device L2.
- the port two of the three-coupling inductance device L3 is connected to the on-current outgoing end of the fourth switching device S4.
- the on-current inflow end of the fourth switching device S4 is the second output power supply of the buck-boost circuit and the third capacitor device C3.
- Port one is connected to the on-current of the fourth switching device S4, and port two of the third capacitive device C3 is connected to the negative power supply; this is repeated in turn; until port one of the X + 1 coupling inductance device L (X + 1) is connected to the first Port two of the coupled inductance device L1 and port one of the second coupled inductance device L2, port two of the X + 1 coupled inductance device L (X + 1) is connected to the conduction of the X + 2 switching device S (X + 2)
- the current outgoing end, the conducting current inflow end of the X + 2 switching device S (X + 2) is the Xth output power of the buck-boost circuit, and the X + 1 capacitor device C (X + 1) is connected to the first port
- the conduction current of the X + 2 switching device S (X + 2) flows into the terminal, and the port two of the X + 1 capacitor device C (X + 1) is connected to the negative power supply;
- X is a natural number greater than or equal to
- the control terminal of the switching device a port that controls the on and off of the switch.
- a MOS tube it refers to the gate of the MOS tube; for a transistor, it refers to the base of the transistor.
- the on-current of the switching device flows into the terminal: after the switch is turned on, the current flows into the port.
- MOS tube it refers to the drain of the MOS tube, whether it is N-channel, P-channel, enhanced or depleted MOS tube.
- the triode it refers to the collector of the triode.
- the current flows from the collector with high voltage to the low voltage Emitter; for a diode, the anode of the diode.
- the current outflow port such as for the MOS tube, refers to the source of the MOS tube; for the triode, refers to the emitter of the triode; for the diode, refers to The cathode of the diode.
- the buck-boost circuit of the present invention requires only three switching devices, and the traditional four-switch buck-boost circuit requires four switching devices. The number of switching devices is greatly reduced. Because there is one less switching device, the total loss of the switching device is also Reduced, the overall efficiency is improved.
- the step-up and step-down circuit of the present invention solves the problem that the power device cannot be fully turned on when the output voltage is less than the input voltage when the input-output voltage ratio is large, and solves the problem that the power device cannot be completely turned on when the output voltage is greater than the input voltage The problem of shutting down.
- Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the traditional four-switch BUCK-BOOST circuit
- Figure 2 is a block diagram of the existing two-way coupled inductor BUCK circuit
- Figure 3 is a block diagram of the existing two-way coupled inductor BOOST circuit
- FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 shows a principle diagram of the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the first coupled inductance device L1 and the second coupled inductance device L2 are coupled to each other by sharing a magnetic core, thereby achieving mutual conversion between the voltage and current of the three coupled inductance devices.
- the number of turns of the first coupled inductance device L1 and the second coupled inductance device L2 is adjustable, so as to realize the design of the turns ratio.
- the buck-boost circuit can have two working modes of BUCK and BOOST.
- the duty ratios of the switching devices Q1 and Q2 are denoted as D1 and D2.
- the duty cycle D1 of the switching device S1 is greater when the turn ratio ⁇ is greater than 1 and when ⁇ is equal to 1, which solves the problem of the ordinary four-switch BUCK-BOOST circuit at the input
- the duty cycle D2 of the switching device S2 is smaller when the turn ratio ⁇ is greater than 1 than when ⁇ is equal to 1, which solves the problem that the ordinary four-switch BUCK-BOOST circuit The problem that the switching device cannot be normally turned off with the increase of D3 when the output ratio is large,
- the buck-boost circuit of this embodiment can realize the functions that the output voltage is less than the input voltage, the output voltage is equal to the input voltage, and the output voltage is greater than the input voltage. And only three switching devices are used.
- This embodiment effectively solves the problem that the power device cannot be fully turned on when the output voltage is less than the input voltage when the input / output voltage ratio is large, and the power device cannot be completely turned off The problem. And there is one less switching device than the traditional four-switch BUCK-BOOST circuit. The number of switching devices is greatly reduced. Because there is one less switching device, the total loss of the switching device is also reduced, and the overall efficiency is improved.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention.
- a unidirectional high-gain BUCK-BOOST power supply application is realized by changing the third switch tube to the diode D1.
- the beneficial effect is that there is one less controllable switching device than the first embodiment, and the power supply cost is greatly reduced.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a third embodiment of the present invention.
- the first coupling inductance device L3 is connected to the first coupling inductance device L1 Port two and port one of the second coupled inductance device L2, port two of the third coupled inductance device L3 are connected to the on-current outgoing end of the fourth switching device S4, and the on-current inflow end of the fourth switching device S4 is the buck-boost
- the second output power of the circuit is positive, the first current of the third capacitive device C3 is connected to the on-current inflow terminal of the fourth switching device S4, and the second output of the third capacitive device C3 is connected to the negative power; repeat in turn; until the X + 1 coupling
- the switch tube can be MOSFET, BJT, IGBT, etc.
- Switching device according to the circuit principle and design needs, fine-tuning the circuit through simple series and parallel means of the device, these improvements and retouching should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.
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Abstract
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Claims (6)
- 一种升降压电路,其特征在于:包括输入电源正、输出电源正、电源负、第一开关器件S1、第二开关器件S2、第三开关器件S3、第一耦合电感器件L1、第二耦合电感器件L2、第一电容器件C1和第二电容器件C2;其中,第一开关器件S1的导通电流流入端连接输入电源正和第一电容C1的端口一,第一开关器件S1的导通电流流出端连接第一耦合电感器件L1的端口一,第二开关器件S2的导通电流流入端连接第一耦合电感器件L1的端口二和第二耦合电感器件L2的端口一,第二开关器件S2的导通电流流出端连接电源负,第三开关器件S3的导通电流流入端连接第二耦合电感器件L2的端口二,第三开关器件S3的导通电流流出端连接输出电源正和第二电容器件C2的端口一,第一电容器件C1和第二电容器件C2的端口二连接电源负。
- 根据权利要求1所述的升降压电路,其特征在于:所述第一耦合电感器件L1和第二耦合电感器件L2通过共用一个磁芯而相互耦合在一起。
- 根据权利要求1所述的升降压电路,其特征在于:所述第一耦合电感器件L1和第二耦合电感器件L2的匝数是可调整的。
- 根据权利要求1所述的升降压电路,其特征在于:所述的第一开关器件S1、第二开关器件S2和第三开关器件S3均为MOS管。
- 根据权利要求1所述的升降压电路,其特征在于:所述的第一开关器件S1和第二开关器件S2为MOS管,第三开关器件S3为二极管。
- 根据权利要求1至5任一项所述的升降压电路,其特征在于:还包括第三耦合电感器件L3至第X+1耦合电感器件L(X+1)、第四开关器件S4至第X+2开关器件S(X+2),以及第三电容器件C3至第X+1电容器件C(X+1);第三耦合电感器件L3的端口一连接第一耦合电感器件L1的端口二和第二耦合电感器件L2的端口一,第三耦合电感器件L3的端口二连接第四开关器件S4的导通电流流出端,第四开关器件S4的导通电流流入端为升降压电路的第二输出电源正,第三电容器件C3的端口一连接第四开关器件S4的导通电流流入端,第三电容器件C3的端口二连接电源负;依次重复;直至第X+1耦合电感器件L(X+1)的端口一连接第一耦合电感器件L1的端口二和第二耦合电感器件L2的端口一, 第X+1耦合电感器件L(X+1)的端口二连接第X+2开关器件S(X+2)的导通电流流出端,第X+2开关器件S(X+2)的导通电流流入端为升降压电路的第X输出电源正,第X+1电容器件C(X+1)的端口一连接第X+2开关器件S(X+2)的导通电流流入端,第X+1电容器件C(X+1)的端口二连接电源负;X为大于或等于2的自然数。
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CN109327139A (zh) * | 2018-11-13 | 2019-02-12 | 广州金升阳科技有限公司 | 一种升降压电路 |
CN110071636B (zh) * | 2019-05-30 | 2021-07-06 | 广东工业大学 | 一种直流变换电路 |
CN117526709A (zh) * | 2024-01-05 | 2024-02-06 | 深圳市高斯宝电气技术有限公司 | 一种双向直流变换电路 |
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CN103650314A (zh) * | 2011-03-22 | 2014-03-19 | 莱迪尔利恩技术股份有限公司 | 通过宽电压波动的高效dc到dc转换的装置和方法 |
CN106208726A (zh) * | 2016-07-14 | 2016-12-07 | 厦门大学 | 一种电压型Quasi‑Z‑Source AC‑AC变换器 |
US9698674B1 (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2017-07-04 | Silicon Laboratories Inc. | Timing based approach for efficient switched mode power conversion |
CN109327139A (zh) * | 2018-11-13 | 2019-02-12 | 广州金升阳科技有限公司 | 一种升降压电路 |
CN109450258A (zh) * | 2018-12-12 | 2019-03-08 | 亚瑞源科技(深圳)有限公司 | 一种双向buck boost线路 |
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CN102290985A (zh) * | 2011-08-12 | 2011-12-21 | 南京航空航天大学 | 一种耦合电感升降压直流变换器 |
CN107517003B (zh) * | 2017-08-31 | 2020-08-28 | 江苏大学 | 一种输出浮地输入并联高增益Boost变换电路及切换方法 |
CN209134302U (zh) * | 2018-11-13 | 2019-07-19 | 广州金升阳科技有限公司 | 一种升降压电路 |
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Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN103650314A (zh) * | 2011-03-22 | 2014-03-19 | 莱迪尔利恩技术股份有限公司 | 通过宽电压波动的高效dc到dc转换的装置和方法 |
US9698674B1 (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2017-07-04 | Silicon Laboratories Inc. | Timing based approach for efficient switched mode power conversion |
CN106208726A (zh) * | 2016-07-14 | 2016-12-07 | 厦门大学 | 一种电压型Quasi‑Z‑Source AC‑AC变换器 |
CN109327139A (zh) * | 2018-11-13 | 2019-02-12 | 广州金升阳科技有限公司 | 一种升降压电路 |
CN109450258A (zh) * | 2018-12-12 | 2019-03-08 | 亚瑞源科技(深圳)有限公司 | 一种双向buck boost线路 |
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