WO2020098345A1 - 电机转子、永磁电机和洗衣机 - Google Patents

电机转子、永磁电机和洗衣机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020098345A1
WO2020098345A1 PCT/CN2019/104139 CN2019104139W WO2020098345A1 WO 2020098345 A1 WO2020098345 A1 WO 2020098345A1 CN 2019104139 W CN2019104139 W CN 2019104139W WO 2020098345 A1 WO2020098345 A1 WO 2020098345A1
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Prior art keywords
permanent magnet
motor
motor rotor
rotor core
permanent
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PCT/CN2019/104139
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English (en)
French (fr)
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陈彬
肖勇
王敏
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珠海格力电器股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2020098345A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020098345A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
    • H02K1/2786—Outer rotors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
    • H02K2213/03—Machines characterised by numerical values, ranges, mathematical expressions or similar information

Definitions

  • the present disclosure belongs to the technical field of motors, and specifically relates to a motor rotor, a permanent magnet motor and a washing machine.
  • the motor generally includes several permanent magnets with different coercive forces.
  • the permanent magnet with low coercive force can change the magnetization state of the permanent magnet by applying a magnetizing current.
  • the motor When the motor is running at low speed and large torque, the motor needs a strong magnetic field. At this time, the low coercive force permanent magnet is saturated and magnetized by the magnetizing current, so that the magnetic field strength in the motor is maximized.
  • the magnetization current reduces the magnetization of the low-coercive force permanent magnet, which reduces the magnetic field strength in the motor.
  • the existing permanent magnet motor with variable magnetization state has at least one of the following problems:
  • the low-coercive force permanent magnet When the low-coercive force permanent magnet is in the magnetizing or demagnetizing state, at least one state has a large torque ripple. Since the permanent magnets forming the magnetic poles are different, the high coercive force permanent magnets provide the same magnetic field, while the low coercive force permanent magnets have two states of magnetization and demagnetization. Therefore, if one state is optimized for torque ripple, the other state The torque ripple must be large, or the torque ripple in both states is not ideal.
  • the present disclosure provides a motor rotor, a permanent magnet motor and a washing machine, which can greatly reduce the magnetizing current when the motor changes the magnetization state of the permanent magnet.
  • the magnetic circuits of the first permanent magnet and the adjacent second permanent magnet are arranged in series.
  • At least one second permanent magnet is disposed between two adjacent first permanent magnets.
  • the second permanent magnet is located radially inward of the first permanent magnet.
  • the inner circumferential side of the rotor core is provided with a protrusion protruding from the inner circumferential wall of the rotor core, and the second permanent magnet is embedded in the protrusion.
  • the size relationship between the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet satisfies:
  • L 1 is the width of the first permanent magnet in the radial direction of the rotor core
  • H 1 is the thickness of the first permanent magnet
  • L 2 is the width of the second permanent magnet in the circumferential direction of the rotor core
  • H 2 is the width of the second permanent magnet thickness
  • the radially inner side of the second permanent magnet has a magnetically conductive layer, and the relationship between the thickness of the magnetically conductive layer and the thickness of the second permanent magnet satisfies:
  • H 2 is the thickness of the second permanent magnet
  • H 3 is the thickness of the magnetic conductive layer
  • the radially outer side of the first permanent magnet is provided with a magnetic isolation groove; and / or, the radially inner side of the first permanent magnet is provided with a magnetic isolation groove.
  • the magnetic poles of the motor rotor are all formed by the second permanent magnets, and the magnetization state is the same.
  • a permanent magnet motor including a motor rotor and a motor stator.
  • the motor rotor is the above-mentioned motor rotor, and a rotor iron core of the motor rotor is sleeved outside the motor stator.
  • the present disclosure provides a washing machine including a permanent magnet motor, the permanent magnet motor being the aforementioned permanent magnet motor.
  • the armature winding By setting the magnetization directions of the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet, and arranging the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet reasonably, when adjusting the magnetization state of the second permanent magnet with a relatively low coercive force, the armature winding generates The magnetic field directly passes through the second permanent magnet with relatively low coercive force, avoids the first permanent magnet with relatively high coercive force, and adjusts the magnetization state of the second permanent magnet with relatively low coercive force, thereby greatly reducing The magnetizing current when the small motor changes the magnetization state of the permanent magnet.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a permanent magnet motor according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a permanent magnet motor according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram of a magnetized magnetic circuit of a permanent magnet motor according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 4 is a size structure diagram of a first permanent magnet and a second permanent magnet of a permanent magnet motor according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a motor rotor of a permanent magnet motor according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 6 is a magnetic circuit diagram of a strong magnetic state of a permanent magnet motor according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 7 is a magnetic circuit diagram of a demagnetization state of a permanent magnet motor according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG 8 is an enlarged view of a demagnetization state of a permanent magnet motor according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the motor can obtain the optimal operating state under different working conditions.
  • the motor rotor includes a ring-shaped rotor core 1, first permanent magnets 2 and second permanent magnets 3, N 1 first permanent magnets 2 and N 2 second permanent magnets 3 along the rotor core 1 Alternately arranged in the circumferential direction, the coercive force of the first permanent magnet 2 is greater than that of the second permanent magnet 3, the magnetization direction of the first permanent magnet 2 is tangential, and the magnetization direction of the second permanent magnet 3 is radial , N 1 ⁇ 1, N 2 ⁇ 1, N 1 and N 2 are natural numbers.
  • N 1 first permanent magnets 2 and N 2 second permanent magnets 3 are alternately arranged along the circumferential direction of the rotor core 1, specifically N 1 first permanent magnets along the circumferential direction of the rotor core 1 After 2, N 2 second permanent magnets 3 are arranged, then N 1 first permanent magnets 2 are arranged, and then N 2 second permanent magnets 3 are arranged alternately.
  • the magnetic field generated by the armature winding directly passes through the second permanent magnet 3 with a relatively low coercive force, avoiding the first permanent magnet 2 with a relatively high coercive force.
  • the magnetization state of the two permanent magnets 3 is adjusted. Since the magnetic resistance of the first permanent magnet 2 with high coercive force is large, the motor change can be greatly reduced after avoiding the first permanent magnet 2 with relatively high coercive force. The magnetizing current when the permanent magnet is magnetized.
  • the magnetic circuits of the first permanent magnet 2 and the adjacent second permanent magnet 3 are arranged in series. Since the second permanent magnet 3 with a low coercive force has a small coercive force and the magnetization state is easily changed, it may be demagnetized by the magnetic field generated by the armature current during normal operation.
  • the first permanent magnet 2 can increase the resistance to demagnetization.
  • the second permanent magnet 3 with low coercive force is saturated and magnetized, and the motor is in a strong magnetic state.
  • the magnetic flux of the second permanent magnet 3 with low coercive force and the first permanent magnet with high coercive force 2 Completely connected in series to produce the main magnetic flux, as shown in Figure 6; after the motor is tuned, the magnetization of the second permanent magnet 3 with low coercive force is weakened, and the resulting magnetic flux is reduced, and the first permanent magnet with high coercive force 2 In series, the motor is in the demagnetized state, the main magnetic flux is reduced, and the residual magnetic flux of the high-coercive force magnetic steel forms a loop through the rotor yoke, as shown in FIG. 7.
  • the magnetic poles of the motor rotor are all formed by the second permanent magnets 3, and the magnetization state is the same.
  • the magnetization directions of the high-coercive force magnet steel and the low-coercive force magnet steel in the rotor pole are along the circumferential direction of the rotor core, so that a part of the rotor pole is composed of a high-coercive force magnetic steel and a part is composed of a low
  • the composition of the coercive magnetic steel due to the magnetic steel material, the magnetization state of the two magnetic steels must be different, so the torque generated by different poles must be different, so the motor torque ripple is large.
  • the rotor poles are composed of the second permanent magnets 3 with low coercive force, and the magnetization state is completely the same, so the output torque ripple is greatly reduced.
  • At least one second permanent magnet 3 is disposed between two adjacent first permanent magnets 2.
  • the first permanent magnets 2 with high coercive force are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the rotor core 1, and at least one second permanent magnet 3 is provided between every two first permanent magnets 2 to enable the magnetic circuit of the motor to be magnetized
  • the first permanent magnet 2 without high coercive force reduces the difficulty of magnetic adjustment.
  • the permanent magnet 3 has a higher degree of magnetization and therefore has a larger adjustment range of the permanent magnet.
  • one first permanent magnet 2 and two second permanent magnets 3 are alternately arranged along the circumferential direction of the rotor core 1, or one first permanent magnet 2 and three second permanent magnets 3 They are alternately arranged along the circumferential direction of the rotor core 1, or other arrangements.
  • each first permanent magnet 2 is arranged in series with two adjacent second permanent magnets 3
  • the variation range of the magnetic flux can be maximized, thereby increasing the adjustment range of the permanent magnet.
  • the permanent magnet of the motor is composed of two permanent magnets of different materials.
  • the permanent magnets are rectangular in cross section perpendicular to the axis of the rotor core 1.
  • Each pair of poles includes 3 permanent magnets, including 2 low coercivity
  • a second permanent magnet 3 with a force and a first permanent magnet 2 with a high coercive force is included in the first permanent magnet 2.
  • the first permanent magnet 2 uses a neodymium iron boron permanent magnet
  • the second permanent magnet 3 uses an aluminum nickel cobalt permanent magnet.
  • the second permanent magnet 3 is located radially inward of the first permanent magnet 2.
  • the first permanent magnet 2 adjusts the magnetization state of the second permanent magnet 3 having a relatively low coercive force.
  • a projection 4 protruding from the inner circumferential wall of the rotor core 1 is provided, and the second permanent magnet 3 is embedded in the projection 4.
  • the dimensional relationship between the first permanent magnet 2 and the second permanent magnet 3 satisfies:
  • L 1 is the width of the first permanent magnet 2 along the radial direction of the rotor core 1
  • H 1 is the thickness of the first permanent magnet 2
  • L 2 is the width of the second permanent magnet 3 along the circumferential direction of the rotor core 1
  • H 2 is the thickness of the second permanent magnet 3.
  • the first permanent magnet 2 can be controlled within a reasonable size range to prevent the first permanent magnet 2 from being too small to resist demagnetization It also prevents the first permanent magnet 2 from being too large and has an effect on the motor magnetization adjustment, increasing the difficulty of magnetization.
  • the radially inner side of the second permanent magnet 3 is provided with a magnetic conductive layer 5, and the relationship between the thickness of the magnetic conductive layer 5 and the thickness of the second permanent magnet 3 satisfies:
  • H 2 is the thickness of the second permanent magnet 3 and H 3 is the thickness of the magnetic conductive layer 5.
  • the second permanent magnet 3 with low coercive force is embedded in the rotor core 1, and the second permanent magnet 3 is provided with a certain thickness of the magnetic conductive layer 5 near the stator side, which can make the first
  • the two permanent magnets 3 are uniformly magnetized.
  • the radially outer side of the first permanent magnet 2 is provided with a magnetic isolation groove 6; and / or, the radially inner side of the first permanent magnet 2 is provided with a magnetic isolation groove 6.
  • the magnetic flux leakage at the end of the high coercive force permanent magnet can be effectively reduced. Since the magnetic resistance generated by air is large, the magnetic permeability is weak at the position where the magnetic shielding groove 6 is located, thereby reducing the magnetic flux leakage at the end of the high-coercive force permanent magnet. Since the magnetic resistance of the magnetic circuit is related to the width and length of the magnetic circuit, a long and narrow magnetic circuit can be provided through the magnetic isolation slot 6 to reduce the magnetic leakage at the end of the high-coercive force permanent magnet.
  • a permanent magnet motor includes a motor rotor and a motor stator 7, the motor rotor is the above-mentioned motor rotor, the motor rotor includes a rotor core 1, and the rotor core 1 is sleeved on the motor Outside the stator 7.
  • the washing machine includes a permanent magnet motor, which is the aforementioned permanent magnet motor.
  • a permanent magnet motor which is the aforementioned permanent magnet motor.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Permanent Field Magnets Of Synchronous Machinery (AREA)

Abstract

本公开提供一种电机转子、永磁电机和洗衣机。该电机转子包括环形的转子铁芯(1)，转子铁芯(1)沿周向设有多个磁体组，磁体组包括沿转子铁芯(1)周向方向设置的N 1个第一永磁体(2)和之后排布的N 2个第二永磁体(3)，第一永磁体(2)的矫顽力大于第二永磁体(3)的矫顽力，第一永磁体(2)的磁化方向为切向，第二永磁体(3)的磁化方向为径向，N 1、N 2＝1，2，3，4，5……。根据本公开的电机转子，能够大幅度减小电机改变永磁体磁化状态时的磁化电流。

Description

电机转子、永磁电机和洗衣机
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请是以CN申请号为201811360728.X，申请日为2018年11月15日的申请为基础，并主张其优先权，该CN申请的公开内容在此作为整体引入本申请中。
技术领域
本公开属于电机技术领域，具体涉及一种电机转子、永磁电机和洗衣机。
背景技术
传统永磁电机依靠永磁体提供磁通，但永磁体提供磁场固定，电机内部磁场难以调节，使永磁电机难以兼顾高频和低频时的效率。且在供电电源电压固定的情况下，限制了电机的最高运行频率。目前，大多永磁电机只能通过弱磁控制扩大运行范围，但是弱磁控制存在增加电机铜损、降低电机效率、调速范围有限等问题。
为了实现永磁电机磁场可调，有一种采用两种永磁体的永磁电机被提出来。电机一般包括几种矫顽力不同的永磁体。其中低矫顽力永磁体可以通过施加磁化电流，改变永磁体的磁化状态。当电机运行于低速、大转矩状态时，电机需要强磁场，此时通过磁化电流将低矫顽力永磁体饱和充磁，使电机内磁场强度最大。当电机运行于高速、小转矩时，此时通过磁化电流降低低矫顽力永磁体的磁化程度，使电机内磁场强度减小。
然而现有的永磁体磁化状态可变的电机至少存在如下问题之一：
1、因为磁化的磁路上存在高矫顽力永磁体，电机改变永磁体磁化状态时存在磁化电流大的问题。
2、低矫顽力永磁体在处于增磁或减磁状态时，至少有一个状态的转矩脉动大。由于构成磁极的永磁体不同，高矫顽力永磁体提供磁场不变，而低矫顽力永磁体存在增磁、减磁两种状态，因此如果优化一个状态的转矩脉动，而另一个状态转矩脉动必然较大，或者两个状态的转矩脉动都不理想。
发明内容
本公开提供了一种电机转子、永磁电机和洗衣机，能够大幅度减小电机改变永磁体磁化状态时的磁化电流。
本公开一方面提供了一种电机转子，包括环形的转子铁芯，转子铁芯沿周向设有多个磁体组，磁体组包括沿转子铁芯周向方向设置的N 1个第一永磁体和之后排布的N 2个第二永磁体，第一永磁体的矫顽力大于第二永磁体的矫顽力，第一永磁体的磁化方向为切向，第二永磁体的磁化方向为径向，N 1、N 2＝1，2，3，4，5……。
在一些实施例中，第一永磁体和相邻的第二永磁体的磁路串联布置。
在一些实施例中，相邻的两个第一永磁体之间设置有至少一个第二永磁体。
在一些实施例中，第二永磁体位于第一永磁体的径向内侧。
在一些实施例中，转子铁芯的内周侧设置有凸出于转子铁芯的内周壁的凸块，第二永磁体嵌设在凸块内。
在一些实施例中，磁体组中第一永磁体和第二永磁体的数量比例为N 1：N 2＝1:2。
在一些实施例中，第一永磁体与第二永磁体之间的尺寸关系满足：
0.6*L 2＜L 1＜1.1*L 2，0.5*H 2＜H 1＜0.8*H 2；
其中L 1为第一永磁体沿转子铁芯径向的宽度，H 1为第一永磁体的厚度，L 2为第二永磁体沿转子铁芯周向的宽度，H2为第二永磁体的厚度。
在一些实施例中，第二永磁体的径向内侧具有导磁层，导磁层的厚度与第二永磁体的厚度之间的关系满足：
0.2*H 2＜H 3＜0.6*H 2；
其中H 2为第二永磁体的厚度，H 3为导磁层的厚度。
在一些实施例中，第一永磁体的径向外侧设置有隔磁槽；和/或，第一永磁体的径向内侧设置有隔磁槽。
在一些实施例中，电机转子的磁极全部由第二永磁体形成，且磁化状态相同。
本公开另一方面提供了一种永磁电机，包括电机转子和电机定子，该电机转子为上述的电机转子，电机转子的转子铁芯套设在电机定子外。
本公开再一方面提供了一种洗衣机，包括永磁电机，该永磁电机为上述的永磁电机。
本公开提供的电机转子，包括环形的转子铁芯，转子铁芯沿周向设有多个磁体组，磁体组包括沿转子铁芯周向方向设置的N 1个第一永磁体2和之后排布的N 2个第二永磁体3，第一永磁体的矫顽力大于第二永磁体的矫顽力，第一永磁体的磁化方向为切 向，第二永磁体的磁化方向为径向，N 1、N 2＝1，2，3，4，5……。通过设定第一永磁体和第二永磁体的磁化方向，并合理布置第一永磁体和第二永磁体，在调整矫顽力相对低的第二永磁体的磁化状态时，电枢绕组产生的磁场，直接经过矫顽力相对低的第二永磁体，避开矫顽力相对高的第一永磁体，对矫顽力相对低的第二永磁体的磁化状态进行调节，从而大幅度减小电机改变永磁体磁化状态时的磁化电流。
附图说明
图1为本公开实施例的永磁电机的结构示意图；
图2为本公开实施例的永磁电机的局部结构示意图；
图3为本公开实施例的永磁电机的磁化磁路图；
图4为本公开实施例的永磁电机的第一永磁体和第二永磁体的尺寸结构图；
图5为本公开实施例的永磁电机的电机转子的结构示意图；
图6为本公开实施例的永磁电机的强磁状态磁路图；
图7为本公开实施例的永磁电机的去磁状态磁路图；
图8为本公开实施例的永磁电机的去磁状态放大图。
具体实施方式
参见图1至图8所示，根据本公开的实施例，电机转子包括环形的转子铁芯1，转子铁芯1沿周向设有多个磁体组，磁体组包括沿转子铁芯1周向方向设置的N 1个第一永磁体2和在N 1个第一永磁体2之后排布的N 2个第二永磁体3，第一永磁体2的矫顽力大于第二永磁体3的矫顽力，第一永磁体2的磁化方向为切向，第二永磁体3的磁化方向为径向，N 1、N 2＝1，2，3，4，5……。电机通过调节低矫顽力永磁体磁化状态，在不同工况时获得最优的运行状态。
如图1所示，电机转子包括环形的转子铁芯1、第一永磁体2和第二永磁体3，N 1个第一永磁体2和N 2个第二永磁体3沿转子铁芯1的周向交替排布，第一永磁体2的矫顽力大于第二永磁体3的矫顽力，第一永磁体2的磁化方向为切向，第二永磁体3的磁化方向为径向，N 1≥1，N 2≥1，N 1和N 2为自然数。
此处的N 1个第一永磁体2和N 2个第二永磁体3沿转子铁芯1的周向交替排布，具体为沿转子铁芯1的周向方向N 1个第一永磁体2之后排布N 2个第二永磁体3，再之后排布N 1个第一永磁体2，再之后排布N 2个第二永磁体3，如此交替布置。
通过设定第一永磁体2和第二永磁体3的磁化方向，并合理布置第一永磁体2和第二永磁体3，在调整矫顽力相对低的第二永磁体3的磁化状态时，如图3所示，电枢绕组产生的磁场，直接经过矫顽力相对低的第二永磁体3，避开矫顽力相对高的第一永磁体2，对矫顽力相对低的第二永磁体3的磁化状态进行调节，由于高矫顽力的第一永磁体2的磁阻大，因此在避开矫顽力相对高的第一永磁体2之后，能够大幅度减小电机改变永磁体磁化状态时的磁化电流。
在一些实施例中，第一永磁体2和相邻的第二永磁体3的磁路串联布置。由于低矫顽力的第二永磁体3的矫顽力小，磁化状态容易改变，可能会被正常运行时电枢电流产生的磁场退磁，为了降低不可控退磁风险，设置串联的高矫顽力的第一永磁体2，能够增加抗退磁能力。
电机调磁前，低矫顽力的第二永磁体3饱和充磁，电机处于强磁状态，此时低矫顽力的第二永磁体3的磁通与高矫顽力的第一永磁体2完全串联，产生主磁通，如图6所示；电机调磁后，低矫顽力的第二永磁体3的磁化程度减弱，产生磁通量减少，与高矫顽力的第一永磁体2串联，此时电机处于去磁状态，主磁通减小，而高矫顽力磁钢剩余磁通通过转子轭部构成回路，如图7所示。
在一些实施例中，电机转子的磁极全部由第二永磁体3形成，且磁化状态相同。在现有技术中，转子极中高矫顽力磁钢和低矫顽力磁钢的磁化方向均沿转子铁芯的周向，这样转子极一部分由高矫顽力磁钢组成，一部分由低矫顽力磁钢组成，由于磁钢材料的原因两种磁钢的磁化状态必定不同，因此不同极产生的转矩必定有差异，因此造成电机转矩脉动较大。而在本实施例中，转子极都由低矫顽力的第二永磁体3组成，磁化状态完全相同，因此输出转矩脉动大大降低。
在一些实施例中，相邻的两个第一永磁体2之间设置有至少一个第二永磁体3。高矫顽力的第一永磁体2沿转子铁芯1的周向间隔布置，每两个第一永磁体2之间至少设置有一个第二永磁体3，能使电机调磁磁化时磁路不经过高矫顽力的第一永磁体2，降低调磁难度。
在本实施例中，磁体组中的第一永磁体2和第二永磁体3的数量比例为N 1：N 2＝1:2，在允许的磁化电流范围内，低矫顽力的第二永磁体3的磁化程度更高，因此有更大的永磁体调节范围。在本实施例中，为一个第一永磁体2和两个第二永磁体3沿转子铁芯1的周向交替排布，也可以为一个第一永磁体2和三个第二永磁体3沿转子铁芯1的周向交替排布，或者是其它的排布方式。对于一个第一永磁体2和两个第 二永磁体3沿转子铁芯1的周向交替排布的结构，每个第一永磁体2均和相邻的两个第二永磁体3串联设置，在调整低矫顽力的第二永磁体3的磁化状态时，可最大限度地增加磁通的变化范围，从而增加永磁体调节范围。
电机永磁体由两种不同材料的永磁体组成，永磁体在垂直于转子铁芯1轴向的截面内都为矩形形状，每一对极都包括3个永磁体，其中包括2个低矫顽力的第二永磁体3和1个高矫顽力的第一永磁体2。例如，第一永磁体2采用钕铁硼永磁体，第二永磁体3采用铝镍钴永磁体。
在本实施例中，第二永磁体3位于第一永磁体2的径向内侧，在调整低矫顽力的第二永磁体3的磁化状态时，更加有利于避开矫顽力相对高的第一永磁体2，对矫顽力相对低的第二永磁体3的磁化状态进行调节。
转子铁芯1的内周侧设置有凸出于转子铁芯1的内周壁的凸块4，第二永磁体3嵌设在凸块4内。低矫顽力的第二永磁体3与所在的磁极凸起分布于转子铁芯1的内侧，使电机Ld与Lq大致相等，保证电机在Id＝0控制下有较高的性能。
第一永磁体2与第二永磁体3之间的尺寸关系满足：
0.6*L 2＜L 1＜1.1*L 2，0.5*H 2＜H 1＜0.8*H 2；
其中L 1为第一永磁体2沿转子铁芯1的径向的宽度，H 1为第一永磁体2的厚度，L 2为第二永磁体3沿转子铁芯1的周向的宽度，H 2为第二永磁体3的厚度。
通过合理设定第一永磁体2与第二永磁体3之间的尺寸关系，能够将第一永磁体2控制在合理的尺寸范围内，避免第一永磁体2太小起不到抗退磁的作用，也避免第一永磁体2太大对电机调磁产生影响，增加磁化难度。
第二永磁体3的径向内侧设有导磁层5，导磁层5的厚度与第二永磁体3的厚度之间的关系满足：
0.2*H 2＜H 3＜0.6*H 2；
其中H 2为第二永磁体3的厚度，H 3为导磁层5的厚度。
低矫顽力的第二永磁体3内嵌于转子铁芯1中，第二永磁体3靠近定子侧设有一定厚度的导磁层5，能够在调磁磁化时使低矫顽力的第二永磁体3均匀磁化。
如图5所示，第一永磁体2的径向外侧设置有隔磁槽6；和/或，第一永磁体2的径向内侧设置有隔磁槽6。
通过在高矫顽力的第一永磁体2的径向外侧和/或内侧设置隔磁槽6，能够有效减小高矫顽力永磁体端部漏磁。由于空气产生的磁阻较大，因此在隔磁槽6所在位置导 磁性能较弱，从而减小高矫顽力永磁体端部漏磁。由于磁路磁阻与磁路宽度和长度都有关系，因此可以通过隔磁槽6来设置一段狭长的磁路减小高矫顽力永磁体的端部漏磁。
结合参见图1所示，根据本公开的实施例，永磁电机包括电机转子和电机定子7，该电机转子为上述的电机转子，电机转子包括转子铁芯1，转子铁芯1套设在电机定子7外。
根据本公开的实施例，洗衣机包括永磁电机，该永磁电机为上述的永磁电机。永磁电机在洗衣机处于洗涤和脱水状态时，低矫顽力的第二永磁体3的磁化状态发生变化。
本领域的技术人员容易理解的是，在不冲突的前提下，上述各有利方式可以自由地组合、叠加。
以上仅为本公开的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本公开，凡在本公开的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本公开的保护范围之内。以上仅是本公开的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本公开技术原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和变型，这些改进和变型也应视为本公开的保护范围。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种电机转子，包括环形的转子铁芯(1)，所述转子铁芯(1)沿周向设有多个磁体组，所述磁体组包括沿所述转子铁芯(1)周向方向设置的N 1个所述第一永磁体(2)和之后排布的N 2个所述第二永磁体(3)，所述第一永磁体(2)的矫顽力大于所述第二永磁体(3)的矫顽力，所述第一永磁体(2)的磁化方向为切向，所述第二永磁体(3)的磁化方向为径向，N 1、N 2＝1，2，3，4，5……。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电机转子，其中，所述第一永磁体(2)和相邻的所述第二永磁体(3)的磁路串联布置。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的电机转子，其中，相邻的两个所述第一永磁体(2)之间设置有至少一个所述第二永磁体(3)。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的电机转子，其中，所述第二永磁体(3)位于所述第一永磁体(2)的径向内侧。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的电机转子，其中，所述转子铁芯(1)的内周侧设置有凸出于所述转子铁芯(1)的内周壁的凸块(4)，所述第二永磁体(3)嵌设在所述凸块(4)内。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的电机转子，其中，所述磁体组中所述第一永磁体(2)和所述第二永磁体(3)的数量比例为N 1：N 2＝1:2。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的电机转子，其中，所述第一永磁体(2)与所述第二永磁体(3)之间的尺寸关系满足：
    0.6*L 2＜L 1＜1.1*L 2，0.5*H 2＜H 1＜0.8*H 2；
    其中L 1为第一永磁体(2)沿所述转子铁芯(1)径向的宽度，H 1为第一永磁体(2)的厚度，L 2为第二永磁体(3)沿所述转子铁芯(1)周向的宽度，H 2为第二永磁体(3)的厚度。
  8. 根据权利要求5所述的电机转子，其中，所述第二永磁体(3)的径向内侧设有导磁层(5)，所述导磁层(5)的厚度与所述第二永磁体(3)的厚度之间的关系满足：
    0.2*H 2＜H 3＜0.6*H 2；
    其中H 2为第二永磁体(3)的厚度，H 3为导磁层(5)的厚度。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的电机转子，其中，所述第一永磁体(2)的径向外侧设置 有隔磁槽(6)；和/或，所述第一永磁体(2)的径向内侧设置有隔磁槽(6)。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的电机转子，其中，所述电机转子的磁极全部由所述第二永磁体(3)形成，且磁化状态相同。
  11. 一种永磁电机，包括电机转子和电机定子(7)，其中，所述电机转子为权利要求1至10中任一项所述的电机转子，所述电机转子包括转子铁芯(1)，所述转子铁芯(1)套设在所述电机定子(7)外。
  12. 一种洗衣机，包括权利要求11所述的永磁电机。
PCT/CN2019/104139 2018-11-15 2019-09-03 电机转子、永磁电机和洗衣机 WO2020098345A1 (zh)

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