WO2020094106A1 - 轴承钢线材碳化物网状控制的控冷控轧方法 - Google Patents

轴承钢线材碳化物网状控制的控冷控轧方法 Download PDF

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WO2020094106A1
WO2020094106A1 PCT/CN2019/116432 CN2019116432W WO2020094106A1 WO 2020094106 A1 WO2020094106 A1 WO 2020094106A1 CN 2019116432 W CN2019116432 W CN 2019116432W WO 2020094106 A1 WO2020094106 A1 WO 2020094106A1
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Prior art keywords
cooling
controlled
wire rod
bearing steel
temperature
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PCT/CN2019/116432
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张�林
张剑锋
陆长河
官跃辉
李国忠
许晓红
白云
宗浩
何佳锋
陈德
黄镇
杨佳
Original Assignee
江阴兴澄合金材料有限公司
江阴兴澄特种钢铁有限公司
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Application filed by 江阴兴澄合金材料有限公司, 江阴兴澄特种钢铁有限公司 filed Critical 江阴兴澄合金材料有限公司
Priority to JP2021525134A priority Critical patent/JP7026291B2/ja
Priority to US17/607,869 priority patent/US20220364199A1/en
Priority to EP19881651.4A priority patent/EP3878984B1/en
Priority to KR1020217017494A priority patent/KR102501131B1/ko
Publication of WO2020094106A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020094106A1/zh

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    • C21D8/00Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/06Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of rods or wires
    • C21D8/065Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of rods or wires of ferrous alloys
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    • C21D2211/00Microstructure comprising significant phases
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Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of iron and steel manufacturing, and particularly relates to a controlled cooling and controlled rolling method of carbide mesh control of bearing steel wires.
  • the carbide network is formed at a high final rolling temperature and precipitates at the austenite grain boundary during slow cooling after rolling. Once the carbide network is formed, especially the carbide completely surrounds the grain boundary and is wide and wide. When it is thick, micro-cracks will occur along the grain boundary during subsequent processing and use, greatly reducing the service life of the rolling element.
  • the serious carbide network can not be completely eliminated in the subsequent spheroidizing annealing. In this way, it is easy to produce abrasion during the grinding process of bearing processing, also known as cracking; second, if the original carbide network is serious, Not only can the spheroidizing annealing not be eliminated, but it is still retained in the subsequent quenching structure. In this case, it is easy to produce quenching cracks. Even if there is no cracking during quenching, the carbide network will also be used in the future. It is easy to cause fatigue cracks.
  • Application No. 201410100665.X discloses a niobium microalloyed high-carbon chromium bearing steel and its hot-rolling production method, which utilizes the grain refinement effect of niobium and its effect on carbides. Reticulated carbide.
  • the invention increases the steel-making cost through the composition adjustment, while increasing the difficulty of steel-making, but without the guarantee of the subsequent controlled cooling process, it is impossible to control the carbide network precipitation.
  • Application No. 200910062664.X discloses a method for reducing the mesh level of the bearing steel wire rod carbide, mainly by cooling the wire rod through air cooling after spinning, and the air cooling speed is controlled to 2 ° C / s-10 ° C / s.
  • the method can control the cooling of the wire rod, but a higher temperature difference will occur after the middle of the wire rod and the lap joint are cooled by air, resulting in the unevenness of the overall carbide mesh quality of the wire rod.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a controlled cooling and controlled rolling method for suppressing the formation of the carbide network of the bearing steel wire rod for the above-mentioned prior art, which can control a large amount of Fe 3 C precipitation in the wire rod.
  • the technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above problems is: a controlled cooling and controlled rolling method of a bearing steel wire rod carbide network control, including
  • EDC water bath isothermal quenching cooling is used to control the continuous loose coil online, the cooling rate is controlled from 2.0 °C / s to 10 °C / s, and the final cooling temperature is controlled at 630 °C;
  • EDC water bath isothermal quenching and cooling, then add hood and slow cooling, control the temperature of the hood to be 400 °C ⁇ 500 °C;
  • the water cooling rate of EDC water bath isothermal quenching is 4.0 °C / s ⁇ 9 °C / s.
  • EDC water bath isothermal quenching cooling water bath temperature is 90 °C -100 °C.
  • the cooling time of the water bath is controlled to 20-80s to match the cooling rate.
  • the wire After spinning, the wire is controlled by EDC water bath isothermal quenching. After the water is discharged, the temperature difference between the middle point and the lap point of the wire is uniform, and it should be ⁇ 10 °C.
  • the middle point refers to the front end of the coil; the lap point refers to the next coil. On the previous coil, the contact point of the two coils at both ends.
  • Adjusting the cooling time according to the specification means adjusting the residence time of the wire rod in the water bath to meet the requirement.
  • the wire rod After the wire rod is rolled, it enters the reduced sizing machine, and the temperature of the reduced sizing is the final rolling temperature of the wire rod.
  • This application method is suitable for the production of high carbon chromium bearing steel wire rods with a size of ⁇ 12mm-25mm.
  • the chemical composition of the bearing steel wire material applicable to this application method is, in terms of mass percentage, C 0.95 to 1.05%, Si 0.15 to 0.35%, Mn 0.25 to 0.45%, Cr 1.30 to 1.65%, Mo ⁇ 0.10%, Ni ⁇ 0.25 %, Al ⁇ 0.050%, P ⁇ 0.025%, S ⁇ 0.020%, Cu ⁇ 0.25%, Ca ⁇ 0.0010%, O ⁇ 0.0012%, Ti ⁇ 0.0050%, As ⁇ 0.040%, Pb ⁇ 0.002%, As + Sn + Sb ⁇ 0.075%
  • the balance is Fe and inevitable impurities.
  • the method of the present application can be applied to the production of high carbon chromium bearing steel wire rods with a carbide mesh level of ⁇ 2.5.
  • the invention adopts EDC water bath isothermal quenching and cooling, with fast cooling speed and short cooling time, which can suppress a large amount of precipitation of Fe 3 C in the wire rod, and the temperature of the wire rod is uniform after the water is discharged. Temperature difference ⁇ 10 °C. Control the final cooling temperature of the EDC water bath isothermal quenching cooling to 620-630 °C, to avoid the energy released during the phase change and make the temperature rise to the carbide network precipitation temperature interval.
  • the cooling medium of the wire rod is a mixed liquid of water and RX medium (halogenated hydrocarbon, brominated ethane).
  • RX medium halogenated hydrocarbon, brominated ethane
  • the temperature of EDC water bath isothermal quenching cooling water bath is 90 °C -100 °C, so as to strictly control the cooling rate of wire rod to reach 4.0 °C / s ⁇ 9 °C / s, to prevent the formation of brittle bainite and martensite structure, and to avoid carbonization Rapid precipitation.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a wire carbide net shape of Example 1 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a wire carbide network morphology of Example 2 of the present invention.
  • the production specification is ⁇ 18mm high-carbon chromium bearing steel wire rod.
  • the wire rod is rolled into high-speed wire rods to the specified specifications and then spun into loose coils.
  • Carbide network control is carried out according to the following process parameters: the temperature of the reducing and sizing machine (that is, the final rolling temperature) is 830 ° C-870 ° C, and the wire rod spinning temperature is 810 ° C-850 ° C; Isothermal quenching cooling is used to control the cooling.
  • the temperature of the water bath is 90 ° C-97 ° C, and the cooling time of the water bath is 20s-80s.
  • the outlet temperature is 620 ° C-630 ° C.
  • After the wire rod is out of water add a hood to cool it slowly, keep the temperature for 30min-60min, and slowly cool it to 430 °C -470 °C. After exiting the hood, the coil was air-cooled to room temperature.
  • the chemical composition of the product C 1.0%, Si 0.32%, Mn 0.30%, Cr 1.44%, Mo 0.01%, Ni 0.02%, Al 0.014%, P 0.014%, S 0.002%, Cu 0.08%, Ca 0.0002%, O 0.0008%, Ti 0.0010%, As 0.005%, Pb 0.001%, As + Sn + Sb ⁇ 0.011%
  • the balance is Fe and inevitable impurities.
  • the production specification is ⁇ 13.5mm high-carbon chromium bearing steel wire rod.
  • the wire rod is rolled into high-speed wire rod to produce the specified specifications and then spun.
  • Carbide mesh control is carried out according to the following process parameters: the temperature of the reducing and sizing machine is 800 °C -850 °C, the wire rod spinning temperature is 800 °C -840 ° C; after the wire rod spinning, it is cooled through the water bath isothermal quenching and water bath The temperature is 90 °C -97 °C, the cooling time of the water bath is 20s-60s; after the wire rod is cooled by the EDC water bath, the outlet temperature is 620 °C -630 °C. After the wire rod is out of water, add a hood to cool it slowly, keep it warm for 40min-60min, and slowly cool it to 420 °C -450 °C. After exiting the hood, the coil was air-cooled to room temperature.
  • the chemical composition of the product C 0.98%, Si 0.29%, Mn 0.31%, Cr 1.45%, Mo 0.01%, Ni 0.02%, Al 0.025%, P 0.012%, S 0.001%, Cu 0.09%, Ca 0.0001%, O 0.0006%, Ti 0.0006%, As 0.0013%, Pb 0.001%, As + Sn + Sb ⁇ 0.009%, the balance is Fe and inevitable impurities.
  • the present invention also includes other embodiments. Any technical solution formed by equivalent transformation or equivalent replacement should fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Abstract

一种轴承钢线材碳化物网状控制的控冷控轧方法,包括将棒材快速轧制成规定规格的线材进行吐丝制成散卷,控制终轧温度在780℃~880℃;控制吐丝温度750℃~850℃;采用EDC水浴等温淬火冷却对连续散卷进行在线控冷,控制冷却速度2.0℃/s~10℃/s,控制终冷温度620-630℃;EDC水浴等温淬火冷却后进行加罩缓冷,控制出罩温度为400℃~500℃;缓冷后集卷,空冷至常温。采用EDC水浴等温淬火冷却+加罩缓冷的方式对控轧后的盘卷进行控冷,能够有效抑制冷却过程中碳化物的析出,获得非平衡态显微组织,形成小条状或半球状碳化物,最终碳化物网状得到控制。

Description

轴承钢线材碳化物网状控制的控冷控轧方法 技术领域
本发明属于钢铁制造技术领域,具体涉及轴承钢线材的碳化物网状控制的控冷控轧方法。
背景技术
碳化物网状是在终轧温度较高,轧后慢冷过程中在奥氏体晶界析出而形成的,碳化物网状一旦形成,尤其是碳化物完整地包围晶界、并且又宽又厚时,就会在以后加工和使用的过程中沿晶界产生微裂纹,大幅度降低滚动体的使用寿命。
首先,严重的碳化物网状并不能在以后的球化退火中完全消除,这样,在轴承加工的研磨过程中就易于产生磨裂,也称龟裂;其次,如果原始碳化物网状严重,不但球化退火不能消除,甚至在以后的淬火组织中仍有保留,在这种情况下极易产生淬火裂纹,即使在淬火时没有产生龟裂,在以后的使用过程中碳化物网状也将容易引起疲劳裂纹。
轴承钢中存在碳化物网状组织时,将会增加钢的脆性,降低轴承零件的疲劳寿命,因此,在使用状态下的轴承钢组织中不允许有严重的碳化物网状组织存在。
申请号201410100665.X公开的一种铌微合金化高碳铬轴承钢及其热轧生产方法,利用铌的细化晶粒作用,以及其对碳化物的影响,碳化物网状厚度薄甚至无网状碳化物。其发明通过成分调整,增加炼钢成本的同时增加炼钢难度,但无后续控冷过程保证,无法实现对碳化物网状析出的控制。
申请号200910062664.X公开的降低轴承钢盘条碳化物网状级别的方法,主要为通过吐丝后风冷控制盘条降温,其风冷速度控制为2℃/s-10℃/s,其方法可控制盘条冷却,但盘条中间与搭接点通过风冷后会出现较高温差,造成盘条的整体碳化物网状质量存在不均匀性。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是针对上述现有技术提供一种抑制轴承钢线材碳化物网状形成的控冷控轧方法,能够控制盘条中Fe 3C大量析出。
本发明解决上述问题所采用的技术方案为:一种轴承钢线材碳化物网状控制的控冷控轧方法,包括
将棒材快速轧制成规定规格的线材进行吐丝制成散卷,控制终轧温度在780℃~ 880℃;控制吐丝温度750℃~850℃;
采用EDC水浴等温淬火冷却对连续散卷进行在线控冷,控制冷却速度2.0℃/s~10℃/s,控制终冷温度630℃;
EDC水浴等温淬火冷却后进行加罩缓冷,控制出罩温度为400℃~500℃;
缓冷后集卷,空冷至常温。
控制轧制速度为8.4m/s~34.0m/s。
EDC水浴等温淬火冷却的水冷速度为4.0℃/s~9℃/s。
EDC水浴等温淬火冷却的水浴温度90℃-100℃。
根据不同规格的线材,控制水浴冷却时间为20-80s,以匹配冷却速度,相对而言直径更大的线材其冷却的速度越慢,对应的水浴冷却时间也就越长。
吐丝后线材采用EDC水浴等温淬火进行控冷,出水后线材中间点与搭接点温度的温差均匀,应≤10℃,中间点是指线圈的最前端;搭接点是指后一线圈伏在前一线圈上,两线圈在两端的接触点。根据规格调节冷却时间即调节该规格线材在水浴中的停留时间使满足该要求。
线材轧制后入减定径机,入减定径的温度为线材的终轧温度。
本申请方法适用于规格为Φ12mm-25mm的高碳铬轴承钢线材的生产。
本申请方法适用的轴承钢线材的化学成分为,按质量百分比计,C 0.95~1.05%,Si 0.15~0.35%,Mn 0.25~0.45%,Cr 1.30~1.65%,Mo≤0.10%,Ni≤0.25%,Al≤0.050%,P≤0.025%,S≤0.020%,Cu≤0.25%,Ca≤0.0010%,O≤0.0012%,Ti≤0.0050%,As≤0.040%,Pb≤0.002%,As+Sn+Sb≤0.075%余量为Fe及不可避免的杂质。
本申请方法能够应用于碳化物网状级别为≤2.5级的高碳铬轴承钢线材的生产。
与现有技术相比,本发明的优点在于:
1、本发明采用EDC水浴等温淬火冷却,冷却速度快,冷却时间短,能够抑制盘条中Fe 3C的大量析出,且出水后盘条通条温度均匀,盘条中间点和搭接点的温差≤10℃。控制EDC水浴等温淬火冷却的终冷温度为620-630℃,避免相变时释放能量使得温度升高至碳化物网状析出温度区间。
2、EDC水浴等温淬火冷却+加罩缓冷的控冷方式,获得非平衡态索氏体显微组织,盘条组织中形成小条状或半球状碳化物,最终碳化物网状得到控制,最终实现Φ12mm-25mm高碳铬轴承钢线材碳化物网状级别由>3.0级降低至≤2.5级以下,达到1.5级。,
3、盘条的冷却介质为水和RX介质(卤代烃,溴代乙烷)混合液体,在冷却过程中产生的水蒸汽对环境无污染对人体健康无影响,符合国家提倡的绿色环保生产方法。
4、在EDC水浴等温淬火冷却后采用加罩缓冷,控制盘条芯部温度向表面逐步扩散,恢复芯表温度均匀性,消除水浴冷却形成的表面应力。
5、EDC水浴等温淬火冷却的水浴温度90℃-100℃,从而严格控制盘条冷却速度达到4.0℃/s~9℃/s,防止形成脆性贝氏体、马氏体组织,同时能够避免碳化物快速析出。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例1线材碳化物网状形态示意图;
图2为本发明实施例2线材碳化物网状形态示意图。
具体实施方式
以下结合本发明的较佳实施例对本发明Φ12mm-25mm高碳铬轴承钢线材碳化物网状控制的控冷控轧方法作更详细的描述。但该实施例仅是对本发明较佳实施方式的描述,而不能对本发明的范围产生任何限制。
实施例1
生产规格为Φ18mm高碳铬轴承钢盘条,盘条经过高速线材轧制成规定规格后吐丝制成散卷。按以下工艺参数进行碳化物网状控制:入减定径机温度(即终轧温度)为830℃-870℃,盘条吐丝温度为810℃-850℃;盘条吐丝后在线通过水浴等温淬火冷却进行控冷,水浴温度90℃-97℃,水浴冷却时间为20s-80s;盘条经过EDC水浴冷却后出水温度为620℃-630℃。盘条出水后加罩缓冷,保温时间在30min-60min,缓冷至430℃-470℃。出罩后集卷空冷至室温。
产品的化学成分:C 1.0%,Si 0.32%,Mn 0.30%,Cr 1.44%,Mo 0.01%,Ni 0.02%,Al 0.014%,P 0.014%,S 0.002%,Cu 0.08%,Ca 0.0002%,O 0.0008%,Ti 0.0010%,As 0.005%,Pb 0.001%,As+Sn+Sb≤0.011%余量为Fe及不可避免的杂质。
产品取样对碳化物网状评级,试样的碳化物网状级别参见表1。
实施例2
生产规格为Φ13.5mm高碳铬轴承钢盘条,盘条经过高速线材轧制成规定规格后吐丝。按以下工艺参数进行碳化物网状控制:入减定径机温度为800℃-850℃,盘条吐丝温度为800℃-840℃;盘条吐丝后经过在线通过水浴等温淬火冷却,水浴温度90℃-97℃,水浴冷却时间为20s-60s;盘条经过EDC水浴冷却后出水温度为620℃-630℃。盘条出水后加罩缓冷,保温时间在40min-60min,缓冷至420℃-450℃。出罩后集卷空冷至室温。
产品的化学成分:C 0.98%,Si 0.29%,Mn 0.31%,Cr 1.45%,Mo 0.01%,Ni 0.02%,Al 0.025%,P 0.012%,S 0.001%,Cu 0.09%,Ca 0.0001%,O 0.0006%,Ti 0.0006%,As 0.0013%,Pb 0.001%,As+Sn+Sb≤0.009%余量为Fe及不可避免的杂质。
产品取样对碳化物网状评级,试样的碳化物网状级别参见表1。
表1 实施例1和2取样的碳化物网状检验结果
碳化物网状级别 试样1 试样2 试样3 试样4 试样5
实施例1 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5
实施例2 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5
从表1中可知,采用EDC水浴等温淬火冷却+加罩缓冷的方式对控轧后的盘卷进行控冷,能够有效抑制冷却过程中碳化物的析出,获得非平衡态显微组织,形成小条状或半球状碳化物,最终碳化物网状得到控制。
除上述实施例外,本发明还包括有其他实施方式,凡采用等同变换或者等效替换方式形成的技术方案,均应落入本发明权利要求的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种轴承钢线材碳化物网状控制的控冷控轧方法,其特征在于:包括
    将棒材快速轧制成规定规格的线材进行吐丝制成散卷,控制终轧温度在780℃~880℃;控制吐丝温度750℃~850℃;
    采用EDC水浴等温淬火冷却对连续散卷进行在线控冷,控制冷却速度2.0℃/s~10℃/s,控制终冷温度620-630℃;
    EDC水浴等温淬火冷却后进行加罩缓冷,控制出罩温度为400℃~500℃;
    缓冷后集卷,空冷至常温。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的轴承钢线材碳化物网状控制的控冷控轧方法,其特征在于:控制轧制速度为8.4m/s~34.0m/s。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的轴承钢线材碳化物网状控制的控冷控轧方法,其特征在于:EDC水浴等温淬火冷却的水冷速度为4.0℃/s~9℃/s。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的轴承钢线材碳化物网状控制的控冷控轧方法,其特征在于:EDC水浴等温淬火冷却的水浴温度90℃-100℃以稳定水冷速度。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的轴承钢线材碳化物网状控制的控冷控轧方法,其特征在于:根据不同规格的线材,控制水浴冷却时间为20-80s,以匹配冷却速度,相对而言直径更大的线材其冷却的速度越慢,对应的水浴冷却时间也就越长。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的轴承钢线材碳化物网状控制的控冷控轧方法,其特征在于:吐丝后线材采用EDC水浴等温淬火进行控冷,出水后线材中间点与搭接点温度的温差均匀,应≤10℃;
    中间点是指线圈的最前端;搭接点是指后一线圈伏在前一线圈上,两线圈在两端的接触点。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的轴承钢线材碳化物网状控制的控冷控轧方法,其特征在于:线材轧制后入减定径机,入减定径的温度为线材的终轧温度。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7中任一项所述的轴承钢线材碳化物网状控制的控冷控轧方法,其特征在于:该方法适用于规格为Φ12mm-25mm的高碳铬轴承钢线材的生产。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的轴承钢线材碳化物网状控制的控冷控轧方法,其特征在于:该方法适用的轴承钢线材的化学成分为,按质量百分比计,C 0.95~1.05%,Si 0.15~0.35%,Mn 0.25~0.45%,Cr 1.30~1.65%,Mo≤0.10%,Ni≤0.25%,Al≤0.050%,P≤0.025%,S≤0.020%,Cu≤0.25%,Ca≤0.0010%,O≤0.0012%,Ti≤0.0050%,As≤0.040%,Pb≤0.002%,As+Sn+Sb≤0.075%,余量为Fe及不可避免的杂质。
  10. 根据权利要求1-7中任一项所述的轴承钢线材碳化物网状控制的控冷控轧方法的应用,其特征在于:该方法能够应用于碳化物网状级别为≤2.5级的高碳铬轴承钢线 材的生产。
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