WO2020093632A1 - 一种加湿与降温风机湿帘装置及控制方法 - Google Patents

一种加湿与降温风机湿帘装置及控制方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020093632A1
WO2020093632A1 PCT/CN2019/076914 CN2019076914W WO2020093632A1 WO 2020093632 A1 WO2020093632 A1 WO 2020093632A1 CN 2019076914 W CN2019076914 W CN 2019076914W WO 2020093632 A1 WO2020093632 A1 WO 2020093632A1
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Prior art keywords
temperature
indoor
wet curtain
greenhouse
humidity
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PCT/CN2019/076914
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
齐振宇
孔德栋
金蓉
洪之奇
聂鹏程
周杰
师恺
王慧泉
胡卫珍
胡美华
蔡林生
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Zhejiang University
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Zhejiang University
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Priority to JP2019556267A priority Critical patent/JP6866502B2/ja
Publication of WO2020093632A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020093632A1/zh
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • F24F5/0003—Exclusively-fluid systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
    • F24F11/63—Electronic processing
    • F24F11/64—Electronic processing using pre-stored data
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F24F11/72—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure
    • F24F11/74—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure for controlling air flow rate or air velocity
    • F24F11/77—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure for controlling air flow rate or air velocity by controlling the speed of ventilators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F24F11/72—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure
    • F24F11/79—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure for controlling the direction of the supplied air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/89—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F6/00—Air-humidification, e.g. cooling by humidification
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F7/00—Ventilation
    • F24F7/007—Ventilation with forced flow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
    • F24F2110/10—Temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
    • F24F2110/20—Humidity
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/54—Free-cooling systems
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/14—Measures for saving energy, e.g. in green houses

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of greenhouse cooling and humidification, in particular to a humidifying and cooling fan wet curtain device and a control method.
  • the wet curtain and the fan are installed on both sides of the greenhouse, and the fan exhausts the air, forming a negative pressure in the greenhouse, so that the outdoor air passes through the wet curtain to cool down.
  • the design of this cooling method is likely to cause uneven temperature distribution in the greenhouse, and as the distance between the wet curtain and the fan increases, the temperature difference between the wet curtain end and the fan end becomes larger and larger, thus affecting production. If the distance between the curtain and the fan exceeds 40 meters, the negative pressure fan wet curtain can not be used to cool down. The traditional negative pressure fan wet curtain cools.
  • the fan is controlled by simple start and stop control, which cannot obtain the appropriate cooling ventilation volume, and causes the indoor temperature to rise and fall repeatedly, and the air flow suddenly rises and stops, making the greenhouse
  • the steady state of the internal environment is poor, which affects the operation of the equipment and the growth of crops in the greenhouse.
  • the traditional negative pressure fan wet curtain cooling device is easy to cause the inhalation of crop pathogens and insect sources in the greenhouse.
  • the wet curtain and the fan are located at both ends of the greenhouse, and air inlets and outlets need to be provided to The layout caused difficulties.
  • the wet curtains and fans at both ends of the greenhouse also blocked a large amount of sunlight outside the greenhouse, which seriously affected the daylighting of the wet curtain and fan sides in the greenhouse.
  • the wet curtain is a device with high humidification efficiency and good humidification effect.
  • the greenhouse generally has insufficient humidity and needs humidification, but the design of the traditional negative pressure fan wet curtain cooling device cannot be Air circulation through the wet curtain is formed in the greenhouse, so that the wet curtain cannot be used as a humidifier.
  • the present invention provides a humidifying and cooling fan wet curtain device and a control method.
  • the greenhouse adopts a positive pressure cooling design, and the wet curtain and fan are arranged on the same side of the greenhouse.
  • the angle of the air inlet side window baffle is adjusted by the motor of the air inlet side window and the angle sensor to automatically adjust the amount of fresh air entering the greenhouse and the circulating air volume in the greenhouse to achieve precise control of the temperature in the greenhouse.
  • the indoor circulation of air in the greenhouse can be achieved through the indoor humidity sensor, indoor temperature sensor, glass baffle, wet curtain water supply solenoid valve, wet curtain, air inlet side window baffle and fan. And through the wet curtain water supply solenoid valve, wet curtain to humidify.
  • Fans, ventilation pipes and air outlets are used to supply air, so that when the greenhouse is cooled or humidified, the temperature or humidity in the greenhouse is evenly distributed.
  • the radiation sensor, temperature sensor and humidity sensor are installed on the insect-proof nets of the outdoor air inlet of the greenhouse.
  • the indoor temperature sensor and indoor humidity sensor are located in the center of the greenhouse.
  • the feed-forward proportional integral control is adopted to improve the accuracy of temperature control when cooling down.
  • the humidifying and cooling fan wet curtain device can be widely used in greenhouses with high environmental control precision, good cooling and insect control effects.
  • a humidifying and cooling fan wet curtain device for cooling and increasing humidity in a greenhouse
  • the cooling device includes a roof window motor, a radiation sensor, a temperature sensor, and a humidity sensor , Side window baffle drive mechanism, angle sensor for detecting the opening of the air inlet side window baffle, air inlet side window baffle, wet curtain, wet curtain water supply solenoid valve, fan, glass baffle, housing, outlet Air vents, vent pipes, indoor temperature sensors, indoor humidity sensors, top window air outlets;
  • one side wall of the greenhouse has an outdoor air inlet, the outdoor air inlet is hinged with an air inlet side window baffle, and an air inlet side window baffle
  • the opening of the door is controlled by the drive mechanism of the side window baffle; the wet curtain is connected to the fan through the casing and installed on both sides of the casing.
  • the wet curtain controls the water output through the wet curtain water supply solenoid valve;
  • a glass baffle is provided above the side.
  • the glass baffle and the side wall of the greenhouse with the outdoor air inlet side form the indoor air inlet of the greenhouse;
  • the fan is connected to the ventilation pipe, and the ventilation pipe is provided with Tuyere;
  • the radiation sensor, temperature sensor, and humidity sensor are set outside the greenhouse;
  • the indoor temperature sensor and indoor humidity sensor are set in the greenhouse;
  • the greenhouse has a number of roof windows on the top, and a roof window motor is installed on the roof window;
  • the top window motor, radiation sensor, temperature sensor, humidity sensor, angle sensor, wet curtain water supply solenoid valve, air inlet side window motor, fan, indoor temperature sensor, and indoor humidity sensor are all connected to the controller.
  • the side window baffle drive mechanism includes an arc-shaped push rod rack, an air inlet side window motor, the side window motor is installed outside the greenhouse side wall at the outdoor air inlet, and the side window motor is installed on the output shaft There is a gear, one end of the arc-shaped push rod rack is fixed on the side window baffle of the air inlet, and the gear meshes with the arc-shaped push rod rack to drive.
  • the radiation sensor, temperature sensor and humidity sensor are arranged above the outdoor air inlet of the greenhouse.
  • the indoor temperature sensor and the indoor humidity sensor are provided in the center of the greenhouse.
  • angle sensor is disposed between the side wall of the greenhouse and the side window baffle of the air inlet.
  • the indoor air inlet of the greenhouse is provided with an air inlet anti-insect net.
  • top window air outlet is provided with an insect screen for the top window air outlet.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a control method of the above-mentioned humidifying and cooling fan wet curtain device, characterized in that the method includes the following steps:
  • Step 1 First set the temperature threshold T c for indoor cooling start, the humidity threshold H w for increasing humidity start, the threshold b for fan cooling start, the threshold d for opening the wet curtain water supply solenoid valve, the wet curtain water supply solenoid valve Opened cooling and humidity threshold value h 1 , wet curtain water supply solenoid valve opened to increase the humidity threshold value h 2 ; controller receives real-time outdoor air temperature sensor, outdoor humidity sensor, radiation intensity sensor, indoor air temperature sensor and indoor humidity sensor information;
  • Step 2 The outdoor air temperature sensor and the indoor air temperature sensor transmit the detected temperature signal and the indoor solar radiation value detected by the radiation intensity sensor to the controller, and the controller calculates the received outdoor temperature and the influence value of the radiation intensity on the indoor temperature
  • the indoor expected temperature, the indoor expected temperature T q is calculated as follows:
  • T q T S + T o + T r
  • T O k 1 ⁇ (tt 0 )
  • T q is the expected indoor air temperature
  • T S is the set standard temperature
  • T o is the effect value of the outdoor temperature on the indoor temperature
  • T r is the effect value of the solar radiation intensity on the indoor temperature
  • k 1 is the calculated outdoor temperature
  • the coefficient of influence of the indoor temperature influence value t is the current outdoor temperature
  • t 0 is the specified outdoor temperature reference value
  • k 2 is the influence coefficient for calculating the solar radiation intensity indoor temperature influence value
  • r is the current outdoor radiation intensity
  • r 0 is the specified The reference value of outdoor radiation intensity
  • Step 3 The controller calculates the expected indoor air temperature T q , if it is higher than the threshold temperature T c for setting the indoor start cooling, the humidification and cooling fan wet curtain device enters the cooling mode; if the indoor expected temperature T q is lower than the indoor start cooling Threshold temperature T c , the humidification and cooling fan wet curtain device enters the humidification mode; the controller calculates and controls the fan start and stop in different modes of the device according to the indoor meteorological factors, the outdoor air intake fresh air volume, the opening or closing of the wet curtain water supply solenoid valve The opening or closing of the air outlet of the top window; the start or stop state of the fan is calculated as follows:
  • P f is the starting or stopping state of the fan, 1 is starting, 0 is stopping;
  • T c is the threshold temperature for setting the indoor start cooling temperature;
  • b is the threshold value for the fan starting and cooling temperature;
  • H w is the setting to increase the humidity when starting in the greenhouse Humidity threshold value;
  • H i is the humidity value detected by the indoor humidity sensor;
  • h 2 is the threshold value of the increased humidity when the wet curtain water supply solenoid valve is opened;
  • T i is the actual temperature value detected by the indoor air temperature sensor;
  • d is the wet curtain water supply electromagnetic Threshold for valve opening;
  • Step 4 The controller works through the angle sensor and the air inlet side window motor to control the angle between the air inlet side window baffle and the air inlet facade, thereby controlling the amount of fresh air entering the greenhouse.
  • the calculation of the outdoor air inlet fresh air volume is as follows: The difference between the actually measured indoor temperature t 2 (n) and the indoor temperature t 2 (n-1) 5 minutes ago
  • Q is the set standard fresh air volume
  • t 1 (n + 2) is the expected indoor air temperature after 10 minutes
  • k p is the proportionality coefficient
  • Q o is the effect of outdoor temperature on the calculated fresh air volume
  • Q r is the sun
  • k o is the coefficient of influence of outdoor temperature on the calculation of fresh air volume
  • k r is the coefficient of influence of solar irradiance on the calculation of fresh air volume
  • ⁇ i is a positive integral coefficient
  • t (n) is the set temperature of the indoor air temperature
  • ⁇ 1 is another set threshold
  • Step 5 Outdoor humidity sensor and indoor humidity sensor
  • the indoor temperature sensor performs signal detection every 5 minutes and transmits the detected signal to the controller. Based on the detected signal, the controller controls the opening and closing of the wet curtain water supply solenoid valve , Calculated as follows:
  • P c is the open or closed state of the wet curtain water supply solenoid valve
  • 1 is open, 0 is closed
  • H i is the actual humidity value detected by the indoor humidity sensor
  • H o is the humidity value detected by the outdoor humidity sensor
  • T i is the actual temperature value detected by the indoor air temperature sensor
  • T c is the temperature threshold for setting the indoor start cooling temperature
  • d is the temperature threshold for the opening of the wet curtain water supply solenoid valve
  • H w is the humidity threshold setting for increasing the humidity in the greenhouse
  • h 1 is the temperature and humidity threshold for opening the wet curtain water supply solenoid valve
  • h 2 is the increased humidity threshold for opening the wet curtain water supply solenoid valve.
  • the controller controls the start or stop of the fan in the device, the opening and closing of the wet curtain water supply solenoid valve, the opening and closing of the top window, and adjusts the opening of the air inlet side window baffle according to the fresh air volume of the outdoor air inlet Angle, so as to adjust the temperature and humidity in the greenhouse, so that the indoor temperature and humidity can meet the set requirements.
  • the beneficial effects of the present invention are: compared with the traditional negative pressure cooling damping curtain device, the fan of the present invention is on the same side as the wet curtain, the design of the length of the greenhouse is less affected, and the temperature distribution in the greenhouse is more uniform when cooling.
  • Wet curtains and fans are installed on the same side of the greenhouse, which optimizes the layout of the traditional wet curtain fans, reduces the shading of the fans in the greenhouse, and improves the lighting and space utilization of the greenhouse.
  • the side window baffle of the air inlet Through the angle change of the side window baffle of the air inlet, the amount of fresh air entering the greenhouse and the circulating air volume in the greenhouse are adjusted to achieve the purpose of accurately regulating the indoor temperature of the greenhouse, avoiding the disadvantages of the traditional wet curtain fan starting and stopping and the drastic temperature change in the greenhouse.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a side view of the cooling mode of the present invention (indoor and outdoor mixed air intake);
  • FIG. 3 is a side view of the cooling mode (complete outdoor air intake) of the present invention.
  • the top window motor 1 radiation sensor 2, temperature sensor 3, humidity sensor 4, outdoor air inlet 5, outdoor air inlet insect screen 6, push rod rack 7, angle sensor 8, air inlet side window baffle 9, Wet curtain 10, wet curtain water supply solenoid valve 11, air inlet side window motor 12, fan 13, indoor air inlet 14, glass baffle 15, housing 16, air outlet 17, vent pipe 18, indoor temperature sensor 19, indoor Humidity sensor 20, top window air outlet 23, top window air outlet insect screen 24.
  • a humidifying and cooling fan wet curtain device is used to cool and increase the humidity of the greenhouse.
  • the cooling device includes a top window motor 1, a radiation sensor 2, a temperature sensor 3, a humidity sensor 4, a side window block Plate drive mechanism, angle sensor 8 for detecting the opening of the side window baffle of the air inlet, air inlet side window baffle 9, wet curtain 10, wet curtain water supply solenoid valve 11, fan 13, glass baffle 15, housing 16.
  • the curtain 10 is controlled by the wet curtain water supply solenoid valve 11 to control the water outlet; the housing 11 is provided with a glass baffle 15 above the wet curtain 10 side.
  • the glass baffle 15 and the side wall of the greenhouse with the outdoor air inlet 5 side form the indoor air inlet 14 of the greenhouse ;
  • the fan 13 communicates with the vent pipe 18, the vent pipe 18
  • An air outlet 17 is provided, and a seedling bed 21 and a plant 22 are planted on the ventilation tube 18;
  • the radiation sensor 2, the temperature sensor 3, and the humidity sensor 4 are arranged outside the greenhouse;
  • the indoor temperature sensor 19, the indoor humidity sensor 20 is set in the greenhouse; a number of top windows are opened on the top of the greenhouse, and a top window motor 1 is installed on the top window;
  • the water supply solenoid valve 11, the air inlet side window motor 12, the fan 13, the indoor temperature sensor 19, and the indoor humidity sensor 20 are all connected to the controller.
  • the controller may use the ZJU-AES-05 model of Zhejiang University, but it is not limited to this.
  • the side window baffle drive mechanism includes an arc-shaped push rod rack 7, an air inlet side window motor 12, the side window motor 12 is installed outside the greenhouse side wall at the outdoor air inlet 5, the side window motor 12 A gear is installed on the output shaft, and one end of the arc-shaped push rod rack 7 is fixed on the air inlet side window baffle 9, and the gear meshes with the arc-shaped push rod rack 7 in the form of internal gear transmission.
  • the radiation sensor 2, the temperature sensor 3, and the humidity sensor 4 are provided above the outdoor air inlet 5 of the greenhouse.
  • the indoor temperature sensor 19 and the indoor humidity sensor 20 are arranged in the center of the greenhouse.
  • angle sensor 8 is disposed between the side wall of the greenhouse and the air inlet side window baffle 9 to detect the opening size of the air inlet side window baffle 9.
  • the indoor air inlet 5 of the greenhouse is provided with an air inlet anti-insect net 6.
  • top window air outlet 23 is provided with a top window air outlet insect screen 24.
  • the controller calculates the indoor fresh air volume according to the indoor and outdoor environmental factors, and controls the air inlet side window motor 12 through the angle sensor 8 so that the air inlet side window baffle 9 and the outdoor inlet
  • the angle of the facade of the air outlet adjusts the amount of fresh air entering the wet curtain 10 through the outdoor air inlet 5, the fresh air of the outdoor air inlet 5 and the indoor air of the indoor air inlet 14 are mixed into the wet curtain 10, and then cooled to cold air, and the cold air passes
  • the fan 13, the ventilation pipe 18, and the air outlet 17 evenly enter the greenhouse to cool down. After the cold air enters the greenhouse, the heat rises, enters the indoor air inlet 14 and the wet curtain 10 to cool down, or is discharged to the outside through the top window air outlet 23.
  • the side window baffle 9 of the air inlet is at a 90-degree angle to the inside of the air inlet, the outdoor air inlet 5 is fully opened, and the indoor air inlet 14 is completely closed.
  • the side window baffle 9 of the air inlet coincides with the inside of the air inlet, the outdoor air inlet 5 is completely closed, and the indoor air inlet 14 is completely opened.
  • the indoor dry air enters the wet curtain 10 through the indoor air inlet 14 and the wet curtain water supply solenoid valve 11 is opened to humidify into humid air.
  • the fan 13, the ventilation pipe 18 and the air outlet 17 enter the greenhouse to humidify evenly.
  • the indoor air inlet 14 and the wet curtain 10 are circulated and humidified.
  • the control device In the control of the humidification and cooling fan wet curtain device, through the detected environmental factors inside and outside the greenhouse, the control device enters the cooling or humidification mode. And through the temperature and humidity values set in the greenhouse and the actual measured temperature and humidity value calculation and judgment of the start and stop of the fan, the top window motor, the side window vent motor, and the closing and opening of the wet curtain water supply solenoid valve.
  • the angle of the baffle on the side window of the air inlet is used to adjust the fresh air volume entering the greenhouse and the circulating air volume in the greenhouse to precisely regulate the indoor temperature of the greenhouse. Because the temperature in the greenhouse is affected by the outdoor temperature and the solar radiation factor, the proportional integration with feedforward is used to control the variable fresh air volume in the cooling mode of the device, which specifically includes the following steps:
  • Step 1 First set the temperature threshold T c for indoor cooling start, the humidity threshold H w for increasing humidity start, the threshold b for fan cooling start, the threshold d for opening the wet curtain water supply solenoid valve, the wet curtain water supply solenoid valve Opened cooling and humidity threshold h 1 , wet curtain water supply solenoid valve opened to increase humidity threshold h 2 ; controller receives real-time information from outdoor air temperature sensor, outdoor humidity sensor, radiation intensity sensor, indoor air temperature sensor and indoor humidity sensor.
  • Step 2 The outdoor air temperature sensor and the indoor air temperature sensor transmit the detected temperature signal and the indoor solar radiation value detected by the radiation intensity sensor to the controller, and the controller calculates the received outdoor temperature and the influence value of the radiation intensity on the indoor temperature
  • the indoor expected temperature, the indoor expected temperature T q is calculated as follows:
  • T q T S + T o + T r
  • T O k 1 ⁇ (tt 0 )
  • T S is the set standard temperature
  • T o is the effect of outdoor temperature on indoor temperature
  • T r is the effect of solar radiation intensity on indoor temperature
  • T q is the expected temperature in the greenhouse
  • k 1 is the calculated outdoor temperature
  • k 2 is the coefficient of influence of the indoor temperature on the calculation of solar radiation intensity
  • t is the current outdoor temperature
  • t 0 is the specified outdoor temperature reference value
  • r is the current outdoor radiation intensity
  • r 0 It is the specified reference value of outdoor radiation intensity.
  • Step 3 The controller calculates and obtains the expected temperature T q in the greenhouse, if it is higher than the set threshold temperature T c for indoor cooling, the humidification and cooling fan wet curtain device enters the cooling mode; if the indoor desired temperature T q is lower than the indoor cooling The threshold temperature T c , the humidification and cooling fan wet curtain device enters the humidification mode.
  • the controller calculates and controls the start and stop of the fan in different modes according to the indoor meteorological factors, the fresh air volume of the outdoor air inlet, the opening or closing of the wet curtain water supply solenoid valve, and the opening or closing of the top window air outlet.
  • the start or stop state of the fan is calculated as follows:
  • T f is the starting or stopping state of the fan, 1 is starting, 0 is stopping;
  • H i is the humidity value detected by the indoor humidity sensor;
  • H o is the humidity value detected by the outdoor humidity sensor;
  • H w is the humidity threshold set to increase the humidity in the greenhouse;
  • b is the threshold for the fan to start cooling;
  • d is Threshold for opening the wet curtain water supply solenoid valve;
  • h 2 is the threshold for increasing humidity when the wet curtain water supply solenoid valve is opened.
  • Step 4 The controller works through the angle sensor and the air inlet side window motor to control the angle between the air inlet side window baffle and the air inlet facade, thereby controlling the amount of fresh air entering the greenhouse.
  • the calculation of the outdoor air inlet fresh air volume is as follows: The difference between the actually measured indoor temperature t 2 (n) and the indoor temperature t 2 (n-1) 5 minutes ago
  • Q is the set standard fresh air volume
  • t 1 (n + 2) is the expected indoor air temperature after 10 minutes
  • k p is the proportionality coefficient
  • Q o is the effect of outdoor temperature on the calculated fresh air volume
  • Q r is the sun
  • k o is the coefficient of influence of outdoor temperature on the calculation of fresh air volume
  • k r is the coefficient of influence of solar irradiance on the calculation of fresh air volume
  • ⁇ i is a positive integral coefficient
  • t (n) is the set temperature of the indoor air temperature
  • ⁇ 1 is another set threshold
  • Step 5 Outdoor humidity sensor and indoor humidity sensor
  • the indoor temperature sensor performs signal detection every 5 minutes and transmits the detected signal to the controller. Based on the detected signal, the controller controls the opening and closing of the wet curtain water supply solenoid valve , Calculated as follows:
  • P c is the open or closed state of the wet curtain water supply solenoid valve
  • 1 is open, 0 is closed
  • H i is the actual humidity value detected by the indoor humidity sensor
  • H o is the humidity value detected by the outdoor humidity sensor
  • T i is the actual temperature value detected by the indoor air temperature sensor
  • T c is the temperature threshold for setting the indoor start cooling temperature
  • d is the temperature threshold for the opening of the wet curtain water supply solenoid valve
  • H w is the humidity threshold setting for increasing the humidity in the greenhouse
  • h 1 is the temperature and humidity threshold for opening the wet curtain water supply solenoid valve
  • h 2 is the increased humidity threshold for opening the wet curtain water supply solenoid valve.
  • the controller controls the start or stop of the fan in the device, the opening and closing of the wet curtain water supply solenoid valve, the opening and closing of the top window, and adjusts the opening of the air inlet side window baffle according to the fresh air volume of the outdoor air inlet Angle, so as to adjust the temperature and humidity in the greenhouse, so that the indoor temperature and humidity can meet the set requirements.

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种加湿与降温风机湿帘装置及控制方法，该装置在温室的同侧设置湿帘与风机，优化了传统湿帘风机的布局，减少了风机对温室内的遮阳，提高了温室的采光性与空间利用率。通过进风口侧窗挡板的角度变化，调节进入温室的新风量与温室内循环风量，达到精确调控温室室内温度的目的，避免传统湿帘风机启动与停止，温室内温度剧烈变化的弊端。通过正压式降温设计，减少温室作物病原、虫源的进入。通过通风管道送风，使得温室内温湿度分布均匀。通过温室内空气的内循环与湿帘实现温室加湿的目的。在控制方法上，采用前馈式控制，提高了温度、湿度控制的精确性。该加湿与降温风机湿帘装置可广泛应用于对环境控制精度高、降温与防病虫害效果好的温室。

Description

一种加湿与降温风机湿帘装置及控制方法 技术领域
本发明涉及温室降温增湿技术领域，尤其涉及一种加湿与降温风机湿帘装置及控制方法。
背景技术
目前，风机湿帘降温装置的设计上，湿帘与风机分别安装在温室的两侧，通过风机排风，温室内形成负压，使得室外的空气通过湿帘，进行降温。这种降温方式的设计，容易造成温室内气温分布不均，且随着湿帘与风机间距的加大，湿帘端与风机端气温差异越来越大，从而对生产带来影响，一般湿帘与风机间距超过40米，就不能采用负压式风机湿帘降温。传统的负压式风机湿帘降温，风机的控制采用简单的开启与停止的控制，不能获得适宜的降温通风量，并造成了室内温度的反复升降，空气流动的骤起与骤停，使得温室内环境的稳态性较差，影响了设备的运行和温室内作物的生长。同时，传统的负压式风机湿帘降温装置，容易造成温室内作物病原、虫源的吸入，并且，湿帘与风机位于温室的两端，需要设置进风口和出风口，给温室内外空间的布局造成了困难，温室两端的湿帘与风机，还大量挡住了温室外阳光的射入，严重影响了温室内湿帘侧与风机侧的采光。另外，湿帘是一种加湿效率比较高，加湿效果比较好的装置，特别是在冬季加温期间，温室一般湿度不够，需要加湿，但是传统的负压式风机湿帘降温装置设计，不能在温室内形成通过湿帘的空气内循环，使得湿帘不能作为加湿器进行使用。
发明内容
为了克服现有的风机湿帘降温装置的不足，本发明提供了一种加湿与降温风机湿帘装置及控制方法，温室采用正压式降温设计，在温室的同侧设置湿帘与风机。根据温室内外环境因子的变化情况，通过进风口侧窗电机与角度传感器调节进风口侧窗挡板的角度变化，自动调节进入温室的新风量与温室内循环风量，实现温室内温度的精确控制。在冬春季节，温室需要加湿时，能够通过室内湿度传感器、室内温度传感器、玻璃挡板、湿帘供水电磁阀、湿帘、进风口侧窗挡板和风机，实现温室内空气的内循环，并通过湿帘供水电磁阀、湿帘进行加湿。采用正压式降温设计与进风口防虫网、顶窗出风口防虫网的防虫网设计，减少温室内作物病原、虫源的进入。采用风机、通风管和出风口，进行送风，使得温室降温或增湿时，温室内温度或湿度分布均匀。辐射传感器、温度传感器、湿度传感器设置在温室室外进风口防虫网上方。温室内温度传感器、室内湿度传感器位于温室的中央。在控制方法上，采用前 馈式比例积分控制，提高了降温时温度控制的精确性。该加湿与降温风机湿帘装置可广泛应用于对环境控制精度高、降温与防虫效果好的温室。
为了达到上述目的，本发明所采用的技术方案如下：一种加湿与降温风机湿帘装置，用于给温室进行降温和增加湿度，该降温装置包括顶窗电机、辐射传感器、温度传感器、湿度传感器、侧窗挡板驱动机构、用于检测进风口侧窗挡板开度的角度传感器、进风口侧窗挡板、湿帘、湿帘幕供水电磁阀、风机、玻璃挡板、壳体、出风口、通风管、室内温度传感器、室内湿度传感器、顶窗出风口；所述温室的一侧墙开有室外进风口，室外进风口上铰接有进风口侧窗挡板，进风口侧窗挡板的开度由侧窗挡板驱动机构控制；湿帘与风机通过壳体连接，并分别安装于壳体的两侧，所述湿帘通过湿帘供水电磁阀控制出水；壳体上位于湿帘侧的上方设置玻璃挡板，玻璃挡板与温室具有室外进风口侧的侧墙形成温室室内进风口；所述风机与通风管相连通，通风管上设有出风口；所述辐射传感器、温度传感器、湿度传感器设置在温室外；所述室内温度传感器、室内湿度传感器设置在温室内；所述温室顶部开有若干顶窗，顶窗上安装顶窗电机；所述顶窗电机、辐射传感器、温度传感器、湿度传感器、角度传感器、湿帘供水电磁阀、进风口侧窗电机、风机、室内温度传感器、室内湿度传感器均与控制器相连。
进一步的，所述侧窗挡板驱动机构包括弧形推杆齿条、进风口侧窗电机，所述侧窗电机安装在室外进风口处的温室侧墙外，侧窗电机的输出轴上安装有齿轮，弧形推杆齿条的一端固定在进风口侧窗挡板上，齿轮与弧形推杆齿条啮合传动。
进一步的，所述辐射传感器、温度传感器、湿度传感器设置在温室室外进风口上方。
进一步的，所述室内温度传感器、室内湿度传感器设置在温室的中央。
进一步的，所述角度传感器设置在温室侧墙与进风口侧窗挡板之间。
进一步的，所述温室室内进风口上设有进风口防虫网。
进一步的，所述顶窗出风口上设有顶窗出风口防虫网。
本发明的另一目的是提供一种上述的加湿与降温风机湿帘装置的控制方法，其特征在于，该方法包括如下步骤：
步骤一、首先在控制器上设定室内启动降温的温度阈值T c、启动增加湿度的湿度阈值H w、风机启动降温的阈值b、湿帘供水电磁阀开启的阈值d、湿帘供水电磁阀开启的降温湿度阈值h 1、湿帘供水电磁阀开启的增加湿度的阈值h 2；控制器实时接收室外气温传感器、室外湿度传感器、辐射强度传感器、室内气温传感器以及室内湿度传感器传递来的信息；
步骤二、室外气温传感器、室内气温传感器将检测到的温度信号以及辐射强度传感器检 测到的室内太阳辐射值传递给控制器，控制器根据接收到的室外温度以及辐射强度对室内温度的影响值计算室内期望气温，室内期望气温T q计算如下：
T q＝T S+T o+T r
T O＝k 1×(t-t 0)
T r＝k 2×(r-r 0)
式中T q为室内期望气温；T S为设定的标准温度；T o为室外温度对室内温度的影响值；T r为太阳辐射强度对室内温度的影响值；k 1为计算室外温度对室内温度影响值的影响系数，t为当前室外温度，t 0为指定的室外温度参考值，k 2为计算太阳辐射强度室内温度影响值的影响系数，r为当前室外辐射强度，r 0为指定的室外辐射强度参考值；
步骤三、控制器计算获得室内期望气温T q，如高于设定室内启动降温的阈值温度T c，加湿与降温风机湿帘装置进入降温模式；如室内期望气温T q低于室内启动降温的阈值温度T c，加湿与降温风机湿帘装置进入加湿模式；控制器根据室内气象因子计算并控制装置不同模式下风机启动与停止、室外进风口新风量、湿帘供水电磁阀的开启或关闭、顶窗出风口的开启或关闭；风机的启动或停止状态计算如下：
Figure PCTCN2019076914-appb-000001
式中P f为风机的启动或停止状态，1为启动，0为停止；T c为设定室内启动降温的阈值温度；b为风机启动降温的阈值；H w为设定温室内启动增加湿度的湿度阈值；H i为室内湿度传感器检测到的湿度值；h 2为湿帘供水电磁阀开启的增加湿度的阈值；T i为室内气温传感器检测到的实际温度值；d为湿帘供水电磁阀开启的阈值；
步骤四、控制器通过角度传感器、进风口侧窗电机工作，控制进风口侧窗挡板与进风口立面夹角，从而控制进入温室的新风量，室外进风口新风量的计算如下：用当前室内实际测得的气温t 2(n)与5分钟前室内气温t 2(n-1)的差|t 2(n-1)-t 2(n)|来衡量室内气温变化快慢；
设定阈值δ,当|t 2(n-1)-t 2(n)|≥δ时,采用比例调节法计算后5分钟的新风量Q(n+1)，即有：
Q(n+1)＝Q+k p×[t 1(n+2)-t 2(n)]+Q o+Q r
Q O＝k o×(t-t 0)
Q r＝k r×(r-r 0)
式中Q为设定的标准新风量；t 1(n+2)为10分钟后的室内期望气温；k p为比例系数；Q o为室外温度对计算新风量的影响值，Q r为太阳辐照度对计算新风量的影响值；k o为室外温度对计算新风量的影响系数，k r为太阳辐照度对计算新风量的影响系数；
当|t 2(n-1)-t 2(n)|<δ,且|t 2(n)-t 1(n+2)|>δ 1时，通过积分，消除稳态误差，则后5分钟的新风量Q(n+1)为：
Q(n+1)＝Q(n)+Q i，
Figure PCTCN2019076914-appb-000002
式中δ i为正值积分系数,t(n)为设定的室内气温的降温温度，δ 1为设定的另一个阈值；
步骤五、室外湿度传感器、室内湿度传感器室内温度传感器每隔5分钟进行一次信号检测，并将检测到的信号传递给控制器，控制器根据检测到的信号，控制湿帘供水电磁阀开启与关闭，计算如下：
Figure PCTCN2019076914-appb-000003
式中P c为湿帘供水电磁阀的开启或关闭状态，1为开启，0为关闭；H i为室内湿度传感器检测到的实际湿度值；H o为室外湿度传感器检测到的湿度值；T i为室内气温传感器检测到的实际温度值；T c为设定室内启动降温的温度阈值；d为湿帘供水电磁阀开启的温度阈值；H w为设定温室内启动增加湿度的湿度阈值；h 1为湿帘供水电磁阀开启的降温湿度阈值；h 2为湿帘供水电磁阀开启的增加湿度阈值。
通过步骤一至步骤五，控制器控制装置中风机的启动或停止、湿帘供水电磁阀开启与 关闭、顶窗的开启与关闭，并根据室外进风口的新风量调节进风口侧窗挡板的开启角度，从而调节温室内的温度、湿度，使室内气温、湿度达到设置的要求。
本发明的有益效果是：与传统的负压式降温湿帘装置相比，本发明装置风机与湿帘在同侧，温室长度的设计受影响较小，降温时，温室内温度分布更均匀。在温室的同侧设置湿帘与风机，优化了传统湿帘风机的布局，减少了风机对温室内的遮阳，提高了温室的采光性与空间利用率。通过进风口侧窗挡板的角度变化，调节进入温室的新风量与温室内循环风量，达到精确调控温室室内温度的目的，避免传统湿帘风机启动与停止，温室内温度剧烈变化的弊端。通过通风管道送风，使得温室内温湿度分布均匀。能够通过温室内空气的内循环与湿帘出水实现温室加湿的目的。通过温室生产区域正压式设计与进出风口的防虫网设计，减少了温室内有害病原、虫源的进入。在控制方法上，采用前馈式控制，提高了温度、湿度控制的精确性。
附图说明
图1是本发明的原理图；
图2是本发明降温模式(室内与室外混合进风)的侧面图；
图3是本发明降温模式(完全室外进风)的侧面图；
图4是本发明加湿模式的侧面图；
图中，顶窗电机1、辐射传感器2、温度传感器3、湿度传感器4、室外进风口5、室外进风口防虫网6、推杆齿条7、角度传感器8、进风口侧窗挡板9、湿帘10、湿帘幕供水电磁阀11、进风口侧窗电机12、风机13、室内进风口14、玻璃挡板15、壳体16、出风口17、通风管18、室内温度传感器19、室内湿度传感器20、顶窗出风口23、顶窗出风口防虫网24。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明进一步的说明；
如图1所示，一种加湿与降温风机湿帘装置，用于给温室进行降温和增加湿度，该降温装置包括顶窗电机1、辐射传感器2、温度传感器3、湿度传感器4、侧窗挡板驱动机构、用于检测进风口侧窗挡板开度的角度传感器8、进风口侧窗挡板9、湿帘10、湿帘幕供水电磁阀11、风机13、玻璃挡板15、壳体16、出风口17、通风管18、室内温度传感器19、室内湿度传感器20、顶窗出风口23；所述温室的一侧墙开有室外进风口5，室外进风口5上铰接有进风口侧窗挡板9，进风口侧窗挡板9的开度由侧窗挡板驱动机构控制；湿帘10与风机13通过壳体16连接，并分别安装于壳体16的两侧，所述湿帘10通过湿帘供水电磁阀11控制出水；壳体11上位于湿帘10侧的上方设置玻璃挡板15，玻璃挡板15与温室具有室外进风口5侧的侧墙形成温室室内进 风口14；所述风机13与通风管18相连通，通风管18上设有出风口17，通风管18上设有种植苗床21，苗床上种植植物22；所述辐射传感器2、温度传感器3、湿度传感器4设置在温室外；所述室内温度传感器19、室内湿度传感器20设置在温室内；所述温室顶部开有若干顶窗，顶窗上安装顶窗电机1；所述顶窗电机1、辐射传感器2、温度传感器3、湿度传感器4、角度传感器8、湿帘供水电磁阀11、进风口侧窗电机12、风机13、室内温度传感器19、室内湿度传感器20均与控制器相连。所述控制器可以采用浙江大学ZJU-AES-05型号的产品，但不限于此。
进一步的，所述侧窗挡板驱动机构包括弧形推杆齿条7、进风口侧窗电机12，所述侧窗电机12安装在室外进风口5处的温室侧墙外，侧窗电机12的输出轴上安装有齿轮，弧形推杆齿条7的一端固定在进风口侧窗挡板9上，齿轮与弧形推杆齿条7啮合传动，即内啮合传动的形式。
进一步的，所述辐射传感器2、温度传感器3、湿度传感器4设置在温室室外进风口5上方。
进一步的，所述室内温度传感器19、室内湿度传感器20设置在温室的中央。
进一步的，所述角度传感器8设置在温室侧墙与进风口侧窗挡板9之间，用来检测进风口侧窗挡板9开口大小。
进一步的，所述温室室内进风口5上设有进风口防虫网6。
进一步的，所述顶窗出风口23上设有顶窗出风口防虫网24。
如图2所示，进入降温模式，控制器根据室内外的环境因子，计算室内的新风量，并通过角度传感器8，控制进风口侧窗电机12，使得进风口侧窗挡板9与室外进风口立面的夹角，调节通过室外进风口5进入湿帘10的新风量，室外进风口5的新风空气与室内进风口14的室内空气混合进入湿帘10后降温成冷空气，冷空气通过风机13、通风管18、出风口17均匀进入温室降温，冷空气进入温室后受热上升，进入室内进风口14和湿帘10循环降温，或通过顶窗出风口23排除到室外。
如图3所示，进入降温模式，并达到降温最大负荷。进风口侧窗挡板9与进风口里面成90度角，室外进风口5完全打开，室内进风口14完全关闭。
如图4所示，进入加湿模式。进风口侧窗挡板9与进风口里面重合，室外进风口5完全关闭，室内进风口14完全打开。室内干燥空气通过室内进风口14进入湿帘10，湿帘供水电磁阀11开启，加湿成湿润空气，通过风机13、通风管18、出风口17均匀进入温室加湿，湿润空气进入温室干燥后上升，进入室内进风口14和湿帘10循环加湿。
在加湿与降温风机湿帘装置的控制上，通过检测到的温室内外环境因子情况，控制装置进入降温或加湿模式。并通过温室内设定的温度、湿度值与实际测量的温度、湿度值计算判断风机、顶窗电机、侧窗通风口电机的启动与停止，以及湿帘供水电磁阀的关闭与开启。
在装置降温模式新风量的控制上，采用进风口侧窗挡板的角度变化，调节进入温室的新风量与温室内循环风量，精确调控温室室内温度。由于温室内温度受到室外温度、太阳辐照因子的影响，因此，采用带前馈的比例积分进行装置降温模式可变新风量的控制方法，具体包括以下步骤：
步骤一、首先在控制器上设定室内启动降温的温度阈值T c、启动增加湿度的湿度阈值H w、风机启动降温的阈值b、湿帘供水电磁阀开启的阈值d、湿帘供水电磁阀开启的降温湿度阈值h 1、湿帘供水电磁阀开启的增加湿度的阈值h 2；控制器实时接收室外气温传感器、室外湿度传感器、辐射强度传感器、室内气温传感器以及室内湿度传感器传递来的信息。
步骤二、室外气温传感器、室内气温传感器将检测到的温度信号以及辐射强度传感器检测到的室内太阳辐射值传递给控制器，控制器根据接收到的室外温度以及辐射强度对室内温度的影响值计算室内期望气温，室内期望气温T q计算如下：
T q＝T S+T o+T r
T O＝k 1×(t-t 0)
T r＝k 2×(r-r 0)
式中T S为设定的标准温度；T o为室外温度对室内温度的影响值；T r为太阳辐射强度对室内温度的影响值；T q为温室内的期望气温；k 1为计算室外温度对室内温度影响值的影响系数，k 2为计算太阳辐射强度室内温度影响值的影响系数，t为当前室外温度,t 0为指定的室外温度参考值，r为当前室外辐射强度，r 0为指定的室外辐射强度参考值。
步骤三、控制器计算获得温室内期望气温T q，如高于设定室内启动降温的阈值温度T c，加湿与降温风机湿帘装置进入降温模式；如室内期望气温T q低于室内启动降温的阈值温度T c，加湿与降温风机湿帘装置进入加湿模式。控制器根据室内气象因子计算并控制装置不同模式下风机启动与停止、室外进风口新风量、湿帘供水电磁阀的开启或关闭、顶窗出风口的开启或关闭。风机的启动或停止状态计算如下：
Figure PCTCN2019076914-appb-000004
式中P f为风机的启动或停止状态，1为启动，0为停止；T q为室内期望气温，T i为室内气温传感器检测到的实际温度值；T c为设定室内启动降温的阈值温度；H i为室内湿度传感器检测到的湿度值；H o为室外湿度传感器检测到的湿度值；H w为设定温室内启动增加湿度的湿度阈值；b为风机启动降温的阈值；d为湿帘供水电磁阀开启的阈值；h 2为湿帘供水电磁阀开启的增加湿度的阈值。
步骤四、控制器通过角度传感器、进风口侧窗电机工作，控制进风口侧窗挡板与进风口立面夹角，从而控制进入温室的新风量，室外进风口新风量的计算如下：用当前室内实际测得的气温t 2(n)与5分钟前室内气温t 2(n-1)的差|t 2(n-1)-t 2(n)|来衡量室内气温变化快慢；
设定阈值δ,当|t 2(n-1)-t 2(n)|≥δ时,采用比例调节法计算后5分钟的新风量Q(n+1)，即有：
Q(n+1)＝Q+k p×[t 1(n+2)-t 2(n)]+Q o+Q r
Q O＝k o×(t-t 0)
Q r＝k r×(r-r 0)
式中Q为设定的标准新风量；t 1(n+2)为10分钟后的室内期望气温；k p为比例系数；Q o为室外温度对计算新风量的影响值，Q r为太阳辐照度对计算新风量的影响值；k o为室外温度对计算新风量的影响系数，k r为太阳辐照度对计算新风量的影响系数；
当|t 2(n-1)-t 2(n)|<δ,且|t 2(n)-t 1(n+2)|>δ 1时，通过积分，消除稳态误差，则后5分钟的新风量Q(n+1)为：
Q(n+1)＝Q(n)+Q i，
Figure PCTCN2019076914-appb-000005
式中δ i为正值积分系数,t(n)为设定的室内气温的降温温度，δ 1为设定的另一个阈值；
步骤五、室外湿度传感器、室内湿度传感器室内温度传感器每隔5分钟进行一次信号检测，并将检测到的信号传递给控制器，控制器根据检测到的信号，控制湿帘供水电磁阀开启与关闭，计算如下：
Figure PCTCN2019076914-appb-000006
式中P c为湿帘供水电磁阀的开启或关闭状态，1为开启，0为关闭；H i为室内湿度传感器检测到的实际湿度值；H o为室外湿度传感器检测到的湿度值；T i为室内气温传感器检测到的实际温度值；T c为设定室内启动降温的温度阈值；d为湿帘供水电磁阀开启的温度阈值；H w为设定温室内启动增加湿度的湿度阈值；h 1为湿帘供水电磁阀开启的降温湿度阈值；h 2为湿帘供水电磁阀开启的增加湿度阈值。
通过步骤一至步骤五，控制器控制装置中风机的启动或停止、湿帘供水电磁阀开启与关闭、顶窗的开启与关闭，并根据室外进风口的新风量调节进风口侧窗挡板的开启角度，从而调节温室内的温度、湿度，使室内气温、湿度达到设置的要求。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种加湿与降温风机湿帘装置，用于给温室进行降温和增加湿度，其特征在于，该降温装置包括顶窗电机(1)、辐射传感器(2)、温度传感器(3)、湿度传感器(4)、侧窗挡板驱动机构、用于检测进风口侧窗挡板开度的角度传感器(8)、进风口侧窗挡板(9)、湿帘(10)、湿帘幕供水电磁阀(11)、风机(13)、玻璃挡板(15)、壳体(16)、出风口(17)、通风管(18)、室内温度传感器(19)、室内湿度传感器(20)、顶窗出风口(23)等；所述温室的一侧墙开有室外进风口(5)，室外进风口(5)上铰接有进风口侧窗挡板(9)，进风口侧窗挡板(9)的开度由侧窗挡板驱动机构控制；湿帘(10)与风机(13)通过壳体(16)连接，并分别安装于壳体(16)的两侧，所述湿帘(10)通过湿帘供水电磁阀(11)控制出水；壳体(11)上位于湿帘(10)侧的上方设置玻璃挡板(15)，玻璃挡板(15)与温室具有室外进风口(5)侧的侧墙形成温室室内进风口(14)；所述风机(13)与通风管(18)相连通，通风管(18)上设有出风口(17)；所述辐射传感器(2)、温度传感器(3)、湿度传感器(4)设置在温室外；所述室内温度传感器(19)、室内湿度传感器(20)设置在温室内；所述温室顶部开有若干顶窗，顶窗上安装顶窗电机(1)；所述顶窗电机(1)、辐射传感器(2)、温度传感器(3)、湿度传感器(4)、角度传感器(8)、湿帘供水电磁阀(11)、进风口侧窗电机(12)、风机(13)、室内温度传感器(19)、室内湿度传感器(20)均与控制器相连。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种加湿与降温风机湿帘装置，其特征在于，所述侧窗挡板驱动机构包括弧形推杆齿条(7)、进风口侧窗电机(12)，所述侧窗电机(12)安装在室外进风口(5)处的温室侧墙外，侧窗电机(12)的输出轴上安装有齿轮，弧形推杆齿条(7)的一端固定在进风口侧窗挡板(9)上，齿轮与弧形推杆齿条(7)啮合传动。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种加湿与降温风机湿帘装置，其特征在于，所述辐射传感器(2)、温度传感器(3)、湿度传感器(4)设置在温室室外进风口(5)上方。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种加湿与降温风机湿帘装置，其特征在于，所述室内温度传感器(19)、室内湿度传感器(20)设置在温室的中央。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的一种加湿与降温风机湿帘装置，其特征在于，所述角度传感器(8)设置在温室侧墙与进风口侧窗挡板(9)之间。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的一种加湿与降温风机湿帘装置，其特征在于，所述温室室内进风口(5)上设有进风口防虫网(6)。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的一种加湿与降温风机湿帘装置，其特征在于，所述顶窗出风口(23)上设有顶窗出风口防虫网(24)。
  8. 一种权利要求1-7任一项所述的加湿与降温风机湿帘装置的控制方法，其特征在于，该方法包括如下步骤：
    步骤一、首先在控制器上设定室内启动降温的温度阈值T c、启动增加湿度的湿度阈值H w、风机启动降温的阈值b、湿帘供水电磁阀开启的阈值d、湿帘供水电磁阀开启的降温湿度阈值h 1、湿帘供水电磁阀开启的增加湿度的阈值h 2；控制器实时接收室外气温传感器、室外湿度传感器、辐射强度传感器、室内气温传感器以及室内湿度传感器传递来的信息；
    步骤二、室外气温传感器、室内气温传感器将检测到的温度信号以及辐射强度传感器检测到的室内太阳辐射值传递给控制器，控制器根据接收到的室外温度以及辐射强度对室内温度的影响值计算室内期望气温，室内期望气温T q计算如下：
    T q＝T S+T o+T r
    T O＝k 1×(t-t 0)
    T r＝k 2×(r-r 0)
    式中T q为室内期望气温；T S为设定的标准温度；T o为室外温度对室内温度的影响值；T r为太阳辐射强度对室内温度的影响值；k 1为计算室外温度对室内温度影响值的影响系数，t为当前室外温度，t 0为指定的室外温度参考值，k 2为计算太阳辐射强度室内温度影响值的影响系数，r为当前室外辐射强度，r 0为指定的室外辐射强度参考值；
    步骤三、控制器计算获得室内期望气温T q，如高于设定室内启动降温的阈值温度T c，加湿与降温风机湿帘装置进入降温模式；如室内期望气温T q低于室内启动降温的阈值温度T c，加湿与降温风机湿帘装置进入加湿模式；控制器根据室内气象因子计算并控制装置不同模式下风机启动与停止、室外进风口新风量、湿帘供水电磁阀的开启或关闭、顶窗出风口的开启或关闭；风机的启动或停止状态计算如下：
    Figure PCTCN2019076914-appb-100001
    式中P f为风机的启动或停止状态，1为启动，0为停止；T c为设定室内启动降温的阈值温 度；b为风机启动降温的阈值；H w为设定温室内启动增加湿度的湿度阈值；H i为室内湿度传感器检测到的湿度值；h 2为湿帘供水电磁阀开启的增加湿度的阈值；T i为室内气温传感器检测到的实际温度值；d为湿帘供水电磁阀开启的阈值；
    步骤四、控制器通过角度传感器、进风口侧窗电机工作，控制进风口侧窗挡板与进风口立面夹角，从而控制进入温室的新风量，室外进风口新风量的计算如下：用当前室内实际测得的气温t 2(n)与5分钟前室内气温t 2(n-1)的差|t 2(n-1)-t 2(n)|来衡量室内气温变化快慢；
    设定阈值δ,当|t 2(n-1)-t 2(n)|≥δ时,采用比例调节法计算后5分钟的新风量Q(n+1)，即有：
    Q(n+1)＝Q+k p×[t 1(n+2)-t 2(n)]+Q o+Q r
    Q O＝k o×(t-t 0)
    Q r＝k r×(r-r 0)
    式中Q为设定的标准新风量；t 1(n+2)为10分钟后的室内期望气温；k p为比例系数；Q o为室外温度对计算新风量的影响值，Q r为太阳辐照度对计算新风量的影响值；k o为室外温度对计算新风量的影响系数，k r为太阳辐照度对计算新风量的影响系数；
    当|t 2(n-1)-t 2(n)|<δ,且|t 2(n)-t 1(n+2)|>δ 1时，通过积分，消除稳态误差，则后5分钟的新风量Q(n+1)为：
    Figure PCTCN2019076914-appb-100002
    式中δ i为正值积分系数,t(n)为设定的室内气温的降温温度，δ 1为设定的另一个阈值；
    步骤五、室外湿度传感器、室内湿度传感器室内温度传感器每隔5分钟进行一次信号检测，并将检测到的信号传递给控制器，控制器根据检测到的信号，控制湿帘供水电磁阀开启与关闭，计算如下：
    Figure PCTCN2019076914-appb-100003
    式中P c为湿帘供水电磁阀的开启或关闭状态，1为开启，0为关闭；H i为室内湿度传感器检测到的实际湿度值；H o为室外湿度传感器检测到的湿度值；T i为室内气温传感器检测到的实际温度值；T c为设定室内启动降温的温度阈值；d为湿帘供水电磁阀开启的温度阈值；H w为设定温室内启动增加湿度的湿度阈值；h 1为湿帘供水电磁阀开启的降温湿度阈值；h 2为湿帘供水电磁阀开启的增加湿度阈值。
    通过步骤一至步骤五，控制器控制装置中风机的启动或停止、湿帘供水电磁阀开启与关闭、顶窗的开启与关闭，并根据室外进风口的新风量调节进风口侧窗挡板的开启角度，从而调节温室内的温度、湿度，使室内气温、湿度达到设置的要求。
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CN112924774A (zh) * 2021-01-21 2021-06-08 杭州永谐科技有限公司上海分公司 一种老化测试的恒温暗室系统
CN113197078B (zh) * 2021-03-22 2023-06-13 新疆农业科学院农业机械化研究所 一种基于日光温室智能化控制的蔬菜栽培装置
CN113197078A (zh) * 2021-03-22 2021-08-03 新疆农业科学院农业机械化研究所 一种基于日光温室智能化控制的蔬菜栽培装置
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CN113251483B (zh) * 2021-05-17 2022-04-29 河南新野纺织股份有限公司 一种新型湿帘节能纺织空调控制系统
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CN114679989A (zh) * 2022-02-28 2022-07-01 北京市农林科学院智能装备技术研究中心 连栋温室的通风系统及连栋温室
CN117502052A (zh) * 2022-07-28 2024-02-06 卢龙县永嘉环境工程有限公司 一种用于温室的风机降温方法
CN115390602A (zh) * 2022-08-30 2022-11-25 临沂大学 一种温室大棚智能加湿控制装置
CN115589876A (zh) * 2022-10-19 2023-01-13 浙江荣亚工贸有限公司（Cn） 一种带有防潮结构的可移动花房
CN117160818A (zh) * 2023-09-05 2023-12-05 南昌工程学院 一种基于可调节温度、湿度的漆画阴房
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CN121153513A (zh) * 2025-11-21 2025-12-19 青州市金鑫温室材料有限公司 一种智能温室自动升降式顶开窗装置及其方法

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