WO2020083857A1 - Procédé mis en œuvre par ordinateur pour la détermination de ressources d'apprentissage individuelles d'organismes biologiques, et dispositif correspondant - Google Patents

Procédé mis en œuvre par ordinateur pour la détermination de ressources d'apprentissage individuelles d'organismes biologiques, et dispositif correspondant Download PDF

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WO2020083857A1
WO2020083857A1 PCT/EP2019/078626 EP2019078626W WO2020083857A1 WO 2020083857 A1 WO2020083857 A1 WO 2020083857A1 EP 2019078626 W EP2019078626 W EP 2019078626W WO 2020083857 A1 WO2020083857 A1 WO 2020083857A1
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stato
training
pstart
max
determined
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PCT/EP2019/078626
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German (de)
English (en)
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Thomas SCHLIERNZAUER
Harald PERNITSCH
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Sp Sportdiagnosegeräte Gmbh
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
    • G09B19/00—Teaching not covered by other main groups of this subclass
    • G09B19/003—Repetitive work cycles; Sequence of movements
    • G09B19/0038—Sports
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
    • G09B19/00—Teaching not covered by other main groups of this subclass

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a computer-implemented method for determining individual training resources of biological organisms on the basis of a time course of successive training states and a corresponding device.
  • the present invention also relates to a computer-implemented method for determining an optimal training focus.
  • the training capacity also referred to as training resource, describes the current development resources of a biological system of a biological organism and, in particular, of a person or athlete in connection with sporting activities (hereinafter referred to as training).
  • the training capacity is used to react adaptively to a training stimulus, for example when planning training.
  • the use of biological reserves in order to achieve a positive training effect requires a sufficiently recovered state.
  • sporting stress does not lead to the desired effects of training (e.g. improvements in endurance or strength skills). Rather, there can be negative effects in the form of overloads, which in addition to reduced performance can also pose health risks.
  • the training capacity is therefore an essential prerequisite for all areas of athletic and therapeutic training.
  • This question can be answered very trivially by measuring or recognizing deviations from the training goal (e.g. requirement profile of a certain sport) and then defining them as a development area.
  • a general norm profile is assumed and the current person-specific state and individual development potential are not taken into account. Diagnostic approaches such as the lactate performance curve for the endurance area are widespread but primarily designed to delimit training areas and not to recognize the development potential in the individual training areas relative to each other.
  • US 9,737,758 B1 describes systems for analyzing athletic movements.
  • data for athletes can be recorded using sensors while performing an athletic movement. These sensors can be force plates and the athletic exercise can be a vertical jump that starts on said force plate. From the recorded force-time curves for individual vertical jumps, sections are extracted for different phases of the vertical jumps performed. Using the extracted sections of the force-time curve, an overall concentric vertical pulse, an average eccentric force development rate and an average vertical concentric force are derived.
  • US 9,886,559 B1 discloses methods and systems for enabling improvements in athlete training and injury management through entropy and third-order spectral analysis of digitized force-time series of movements.
  • a force plate device is used as a biomechanical sensor.
  • an approximate entropy and bispectrum are used to check and assess kinetic and kinematic functions.
  • Measurements of the time domain variability and disorder such as sample entropy, approximate entropy, Shannon entropy, etc., are used for the analysis.
  • EP 2 470 076 B1 discloses the analysis of human movements in order to assign a determination of performance in a physical activity domain. To do this, an ordinal or scalar evaluation or an objectively defined discrete classification is used, which is based on a physical ability or physical performance based on measurements taken during the execution of a prescribed movement protocol.
  • EP 2 263 534 B1 discloses methods and devices for evaluating muscular, physiological parameters such as muscular performance and strength and for creating and updating personalized training programs based on these test results.
  • a series of acceleration values are measured during a series of short movements performed by an athlete. From this, a large number of muscular parameters are calculated and determined on the basis of these training exercises personalized for the athlete.
  • the muscular parameters include muscle strength, extension, reactivity, muscular stiffness and coordination.
  • training plans are also created automatically based on a large amount of data with the help of look-up tables or data mining approaches.
  • a training plan that has already been created is modified after manual entry of updated data.
  • Such methods and procedures are based on “open loop systems”.
  • Muscular fatigue is defined as the inability to maintain required or expected performance and is known to be a complex multifactorial phenomenon / problem.
  • the medical approaches via metabolic substrates or electromyography are in turn very specifically geared towards the details of muscular fatigue and are usually also very complex in terms of measurement technology.
  • OEMG Surface electromyographic measurements
  • the measurement of the heart rate variability incorporates not only muscular and nerve parameters, but also numerous other influencing factors and measured variances, so that no reliable conclusions can be drawn about fatigue effects.
  • the object of the present invention is a computer
  • the present invention provides a computer-implemented method for determining individual training resources of biological organisms based on a time course of successive training states according to independent claim 1, a computer-implemented method for determining an optimal training focus according to independent claim 14 and a corresponding computer-based method. implemented device according to independent claim 17.
  • a computer-implemented method for determining individual training resources of biological organisms on the basis of a time course of successive training states comprises the steps: a) entering (15) at least one time performance course (P 0i t tato , PmLs tato ,
  • a computer comprises
  • Implemented device for determining individual training resources of biological organisms on the basis of a time course of successive training states which has: an input module that is designed and set up for entering at least one time performance curve (P 0 i_stato, Pmi . stato, PoLEiasto, PmLEiasto) and a respective time interval ([t Sta rt; tstart + ATP hase]; ([t en de-at phase; t end]) in the starting phase and / or in the end of the respective temporal power profile (P 0 phase i_stato, Pmi stato, PoLEiasto.
  • PmLEiasto which were determined on the basis of the execution of a respective predetermined movement sequence by the biological organism with a predetermined form of action and under a respective predetermined load in a current training state; a calculation module that is designed and set up to calculate a respective average performance ( Pstart_ol_Stato, PEnde_ol_Stato, Pstart_mLSt ato, PEnde_ml_Stato, Pstart_oLElasto, PEnde oLEiasto, Pstait_mi_Eiasto, Pi .nde mi i .Esio) in the time interval entered ([tstaiti ts tart + Atp haSe ]; ([t En ⁇
  • the computer-implemented method according to the invention and the corresponding computer-implemented device for determining individual training resources of biological organisms on the basis of a time course of successive training states make it possible to quantify the individually available biological training resources of a biological organism, in particular the person-specifically available training resources of a person.
  • the complex or the whole is assumed.
  • the starting point is the measured time performance curve measured in natural, complex movement sequences, such as. B. two-legged jumps, at maximum performance measurement in different resistance areas / loads and in different types of muscular action. This covers a very wide range of stresses in the nerve-muscular system.
  • the respective neuromuscular basic parameters are determined from the performance curves.
  • Maximum performance measurements with different loads and muscular forms of action generate a continuous performance profile from the low resistance range (corresponds to rapid force) to the high resistance range (maximum force). Regardless of the absolute size of the maximum power, the resistance ranges can be assessed in relation to each other and development potentials can be identified from them, regardless of the norm value.
  • the starting point is the at least one input performance curve (P 0i stato, Pmi_stato, PoLEiasto, PmLEiasto), which is determined by the biological organism when the specified movement sequence is carried out, as well as the respective time interval ([t Sta rt; tstart + Atph aS e]; ([T ⁇ At the end pllaSe t En e]) in the starting phase and / or in the final phase of the respective temporal Leist li ngs course (Pol Stato, Pml_Stato, PoLElasto, PmLElasto) ⁇
  • the biological organism is in particular a human being or an athlete / athlete.
  • the at least one performance curve can also be determined for an animal, such as a horse, which is used for sporting activities.
  • the movement sequence is carried out with a predetermined load or in a predetermined resistance range.
  • a form of action, statodynamic or elastodynamic is given for the sequence of movements.
  • a statodynamic movement sequence takes place from a prestressed (resting) position in which the corresponding muscles of the biological organism are maximally tense.
  • a purely concentric sequence of movements is carried out (direction of movement corresponds to the direction of movement caused by muscle contraction without backward or previous counter movement).
  • An elastodynamic sequence of movements takes place from a neutral position, in which the corresponding muscles of the biological organism are not tense.
  • the biological organism is tested at certain times, for example once a week, in order to determine the current state of training at these times.
  • ATP 150 ms [millisecond]
  • a to limit speed e.g. v ⁇ 0.5 m / s [meters per second]
  • different mean performances Psian ⁇ > i siai ⁇ >, Pi ide ⁇ > i siai ⁇ >, Pstart_mi_stato ?
  • a current neuromuscular base variable which allows conclusions to be drawn about the current training status, such as the newly introduced force potential Kpot, activation ability Akt or dielectric strength Sf, is taken into account taking into account the respective calculated average power (Pstart_ol_Statc> 5 Pi aide ol Slalo, Pstart_ml_Stat 05 Pi aide ml Slalo,
  • the current neuromuscular base size allows a quantitative statement about the current state of the muscles and thus the training resources of the biological organism at the current point in time or the time when the predetermined movement sequence is carried out, from which the at least one performance curve originates.
  • the control device of the device can one or a combination of several data processing devices, such as. B. microcontroller (pC), integrated circuits, application-specific integrated circuits (Application-Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC), application-specific standard products (Application-Specific Standard Products, ASSP), digital signal processors (DSP), programmable in the field (logic) Gate arrangements (Lield Pro grammable gate arrays, FPGA) and the like.
  • the individual modules of the control device can be implemented as separate and communicatively connected data processing devices or on a single data processing device.
  • the memory of the device can be a data memory such as a magnetic memory (eg magnetic core memory, magnetic tape, magnetic card, magnetic strip, magnetic bubble memory, drum memory, hard disk drive, floppy disk or removable disk), an optical memory (eg holographic memory, optical band, Tesa-Film, Laserdisc, Phasewriter (Phasewriter Du al, PD), Compact Disc (CD), Digital Video Disc (DVD), High Definition DVD (HD DVD), Blu-ray Disc (BD) or Ultra Density Optical ( UDO)), a magneto-optical memory (e.g. MiniDisc or Magneto-Optical Disk (MO disk)), a volatile semiconductor memory (e.g.
  • a magnetic memory eg magnetic core memory, magnetic tape, magnetic card, magnetic strip, magnetic bubble memory, drum memory, hard disk drive, floppy disk or removable disk
  • an optical memory eg holographic memory, optical band, Tesa-Film, Laserdisc, Phasewriter (Phasewriter Du al, PD), Compact Disc (
  • RAM Random Access Memory
  • DRAM Dynamic RAM
  • SRAM Static RAM
  • ROM Read Only Memory
  • PROM Programmable ROM
  • EPROM Erasable PROM
  • EEPROM Electrically EPROM
  • Flash-EEPROM Flash-EEPROM (eg USB stick)
  • FRAM Ferroelectric RAM
  • MRAM magnetoresistive RAM
  • phase change RAM phase change RAM
  • the determination of the basic neuromuscular parameters is possible for all biological organisms that can be used for targeted training and is not restricted to humans (athletes / athletes). Animals, particularly those that are suitable for dressage, such as dogs and horses, can also be analyzed.
  • the present invention thus creates a computer-implemented method and a corresponding device with which the training state of a biological organism, in particular an athlete / athlete, can be determined individually and quantifiable. Instead of, as with known methods, a physiological parameter (lactate value etc.) and / or a performance value (jump height, maximum weight moved, speed etc.) is compared with reference values and thus only a difference to the desired target value (performance target) is determined According to the present invention, an initial training state or performance of the individual biological organism (athletes / athletes) is measured and then, during training, a renewed measurement is carried out at regular intervals and compared with the previous training conditions / performance values.
  • a physiological parameter lactate value etc.
  • a performance value jump height, maximum weight moved, speed etc.
  • an objective training status is determined individually for each biological organism, from which a development potential can be derived.
  • a special feature of the present invention is therefore that no prior knowledge of the biological organism, especially the training person, is necessary. No external criteria, norm values, absolute values or the like are required and any information for the generation of reproducible parameters is obtained from the state or the general condition of the biological organism itself.
  • the current training status of the biological organism (human or athlete / athlete or animal) can thus be determined individually and reliably.
  • the respective predetermined time interval [t Sta rt; tstart + ATP hase]; ([t hase E xit-ATP; t end]) in the starting phase and / or in the final phase of the respective temporal power profile (PoLstato, PmLstato, PoLEiasto, PmLEiasto), such that the respective specified time interval ([ts tarb ts tart + Atp haSe ]) begins in the start phase at a first specified speed (v 0 ) and the respective specified time interval ([t end -Atp ase ; t end ] ) ends in the final phase at a second predetermined speed (v max ) and has a respective predetermined time period Atp h; lse .
  • the at least one neuromuscular base quantity can be determined quasi in real time immediately after the respective predetermined movement sequence has been carried out by the biological organism with the predetermined form of action and under the respective predetermined load in a current training state
  • a force measuring plate and / or at least one acceleration sensor can be used.
  • the biological organism in particular the athlete / athlete, executes the predetermined movement sequence in at least one predetermined form of action (statodynamic or elastodynamic) with at least one predetermined load (eg 20% or 40% of one's own weight)).
  • the biological organism can carry out several passes of the predetermined movement sequence in the same predetermined action form and with the same predetermined load, with only the best passage being subsequently analyzed further.
  • the (reactive) forces and / or accelerations occurring are measured with the force measuring device and / or with the acceleration measuring device.
  • a force plate can be used here. It is essential that no sensors have to be attached or attached directly to the biological organism.
  • the force measuring plate comprises at least one transducer, which converts the occurring forces into a measurable physical quantity. It is particularly preferred to use at least one strain gauge sensor here.
  • the strain gauge sensor converts the occurring forces into corresponding electrical voltages, which result in a measurement signal.
  • the measurement signal can be evaluated by a calculation unit (microcontroller, ASIC, FPGA, computer, etc.) and a corresponding force-time curve can be output or saved.
  • the force plate is placed on a solid surface.
  • the biological organism executes the specified movement sequence in the specified form of action with the specified load on the force measuring plate and the corresponding force-time curve (F (t)) is measured.
  • an acceleration-time profile (a (t)) can be measured by the acceleration measuring device (e.g. acceleration sensor in a smartphone, which is attached centrally to the biological organism).
  • the acceleration measuring device e.g. acceleration sensor in a smartphone, which is attached centrally to the biological organism.
  • the speed-time curve (v (t)) can be used to differentiate between the eccentric (negative) movement phase (e.g. bending when jumping), the reversal point (speed is 0) and the concentric (positive) movement phase.
  • step b The further calculations and derivations take place in step b).
  • the calculated power curve (P (t)) in the negative phase can be used to control the execution of the movement, whereby the last 150 ms before the reversal point can be used to differentiate between statodynamic and elastodynamic forms of action.
  • the corresponding path-time curve can be calculated by integrating the speed-time curve.
  • the corresponding performance curves (P 0 i_stato, PmLstato, PoLEiasto, PmLEiasto) are derived from the force-time courses and / or acceleration-time courses measured for the different types of action and loads and the further courses calculated from them.
  • the required average performance can be derived from the performance profiles
  • P end mi Eiasto can be calculated to calculate the basic neuromuscular parameters.
  • the first time interval [t Sta rt; tstart + ATPH aS e]) or the second time interval ([t, il
  • the average power calculated Of the power traces viewed and in each case the average power calculated .
  • At least one current neuromuscular base variable is then derived from the performance curves and (stored) previous maximum average powers or forces at the reversal point, as described above.
  • step a) the input of a first performance curve (P 0i stato), which was determined without load on the basis of a statodynamic movement sequence, which takes place from a muscularly preloaded starting position of the athlete in a first direction of movement , and a second power curve (P m i_stato), which was determined on the basis of the same statodynamic movement sequence with a predetermined load; in step b) calculating a first average power (Pstart_oLstato) from the first power curve (P 0i stato) and a second average power (Pstart_mLstato) from the second power curve (Pmi_stato) in a first time interval ([tstarti tstart + Atp aS e ]) in the start phase of the respective temporal performance curve (P 0i stato, Pmi_stato), which corresponds to a start phase of a concentric phase of the specified movement sequence; in step c) the determination of a current
  • the first performance curve which was determined during a statodynamic movement sequence performed by the biological organism to be tested (e.g. jump from a crouched starting position (squat jump)) without load (without additional weight)
  • the second performance curve the with the same statodynamic movement sequence, however, with a load (specified additional weight), i.e. with a different load, was determined, the correspondingly calculated first and second average power (PstarcoLstato, Pstart mi stato) and their previous maximum values (P S tar L oLstato_max,
  • P start mi stato max determines the current strength potential (Kpot) of the biological organism.
  • the strength potential as a neuromuscular base size or muscle physiological size describes the contractile potential or the existing physiological potential (number of recruitable motor units) and the energetic state of the corresponding muscles (catabolic or anabolic metabolism). A drop in the strength potential shows muscular fatigue (catabolic state) or a reduction in the physiologically recruitable motor units. An improvement to an increase in strength or an anabolic state (increased building processes).
  • the second average power in the first time interval, namely the starting phase is calculated from the second power curve (statodynamic movement sequence with load).
  • the force potential of the biological organism is determined from the first average power for the start phase of the statodynamic movement sequence without load and the second average power for the start phase of the stato-dynamic movement sequence with load.
  • the training state of the biological organism can be determined objectively and individually.
  • the current force potential (Kpot) is determined in step c) according to the following relationship:
  • the average power in the concentric starting phase is particularly suitable for statodynamic movements (e.g. jump) without load (Pstart_oi_stato) and with (additional) load
  • P start mi stato with the corresponding previous (historical) maximum mean performance (Pstart oi stato max ? Psi i mi siaio m; l x) can be used for every biological organism (sport ler / athlete, animal, etc.) the current training status in the form of the current strength potential (Kpot) can be individually and objectively reliably and easily quantified.
  • step a) the or a first performance curve (P 0i stato) is entered, based on a statodynamic movement sequence, which takes place from a muscularly preloaded starting position of the athlete in a first direction of movement without Load was determined, and a third performance curve (P 0i Eiasto), which was determined on the basis of an elastodynamic movement sequence, which occurs from a muscularly relaxed resting position of the athlete in an opposite second movement direction to the starting position as a reversal point and then in the first movement direction, without load ; in step b) calculating the or a first average power (Pstart_oLstato) from the first power curve (P 0i stato) and a third average power (Pstart_oLEiasto) from the third power curve (P 0i Eiasto) in a first time interval ([t Sta rt; tstart + Atph aS e]) in the start phase of the respective
  • Akt current activation ability
  • the activation ability (act) is a neuromuscular base or nerve size and describes the nerve stimulation of the muscles of the biological organism (athlete / athlete, animal, etc.).
  • the activation ability (Akt) describes the ability to activate the muscles via the nervous system, i.e. the recruitment and frequency of motor units in the muscles of the biological organism.
  • the ability to activate (act) is an important stress indicator. Stress reduces the ability to activate (Akt) and increases the regeneration time. On the basis of the activation ability (act) it can also be distinguished, for example, whether the training load was too high or the regeneration time or the regeneration quality was too low.
  • the first mean power becomes the start phase of the statodynamic movement sequence without load
  • the seventh mean power to the end phase of the elastodynamic movement sequence the biological organism's ability to activate is determined without stress. With the activation ability, the nervous training state of the muscles of the biological organism can be determined objectively and individually.
  • the current activation capability (Akt) is determined in step c) in accordance with the following relationship:
  • the average power in the concentric final phase is particularly suitable for the elastodynamic movement (jump) without load and for the statodynamic movement (jump) without load.
  • the last 150 ms of the concentric phase can be defined as the final phase or the concentric period in which the movement speed is more than 80% of the maximum speed.
  • Akt current activation ability
  • step a) the input of a fourth performance curve (PmLEiasto), which is based on an elastodynamic movement sequence, which from the muscularly relaxed resting position of the athlete in the opposite second movement direction to the starting position as a reversal point and then in the first direction of movement takes place, was determined with a predetermined load; in step a) entering a maximum force (Fu_mi_Eiasto) in the reversal point of the elastodynamic movement sequence; in step b) calculating a fourth average power (Pstart_mi_Eiasto) from the fourth power curve (PmLEiasto) in a first time interval ([tstard tstart + Atphase]) in the start phase of the temporal power curve (Pstart_mi_Eiasto), which is the start phase of the concentric phase corresponds to the given sequence of movements; in step c) the determination of a current tension capacity (Sf)
  • the correspondingly calculated fourth is used average power (Pstart_mi_Eiasto) and the maximum force at the turning point (F U mi Eiasto) and their previous maximum values (Psi mI ml i .iasio m; l x, Fu mi Eiasto max ) determined the current elasticity (Sf) of the biological organism .
  • Tension is a basic neuromuscular size or muscle-physical size and describes the current ability of the muscle / tendon system to absorb mechanical or elastic energy. This ability depends very much on the overall state of recovery. If the amount of training is too high or the rhythm of exercise is incorrect, the tension decreases. This is a protective mechanism to protect the muscles from injuries.
  • the maximum force in the reversal point namely the transition point between eccentric movement and concentric movement (e.g. point at which the downward movement movement to the crouched position is finished and the upward movement to jump when jumping starts as a movement sequence).
  • the elasticity of the biological organism is determined from the fourth mean power at the start phase of the elastodynamic movement sequence with load and the maximum force at the reversal point of the elastodynamic movement sequence with load.
  • the elastomechanical training state of the muscles of the biological organism can be determined objectively and individually.
  • the current dielectric strength (Sf) is determined in step c) according to the following relationship:
  • the current elastomechanical training state of the muscles in the form of the current tension capacity (Sf) can be reliably and easily quantified individually and objectively for every biological organism (athlete / athlete, animal, etc.) will.
  • the method comprises specifying a reference movement sequence with a predetermined path length.
  • a movement sequence that uses as many muscle groups of the biological organism as possible athlete / athlete, animal, etc.
  • complex movement sequences such as squat jump or squat jump, rowing, deadlifts, Bench presses, pull-ups, tearing (weight lifting), pushing (weight lifting) etc.
  • endurance sports movement sequences such as cycling (on the ergometer), rowing, swimming etc.
  • a respective path covered is determined when executing a respective predetermined movement sequence and an executed movement sequence is only used as valid if the determined path covered of the executed movement sequence is less than a predetermined limit value from the predetermined one Path length of the reference movement sequence deviates.
  • the predetermined path can be based on a generally predetermined reference movement sequence or an individually determined reference movement sequence, for example when the predetermined movement sequence is initially carried out by the biological organism.
  • a flexed position in which the thighs of the athlete / athlete have an angle of 100 ° [degrees] with respect to the vertical can be used as the starting position for the statodynamic form of action or as a reversal point for the elastodynamic form of action be given.
  • the execution of the movement sequence is validated via the derived path-time curve or the derived path covered.
  • a display can be provided on which, with each movement sequence carried out, a respectively determined distance covered and / or information about whether the movement sequence executed is used as valid can be displayed.
  • the predetermined movement sequence comprises a statodynamic movement sequence in the form of a jump from a squatting position and an elastodynamic movement sequence in the form of a jump from a standing position over the squatting position.
  • the biological organism In the case of the statodynamic jump from the crouch position, the biological organism first assumes the crouch position (e.g. angle between the thigh and vertical of 100 °) and holds it for a few seconds and then jumps as high as possible. The hands can remain in the hip or, alternatively, can be pulled up. In the elastic leap over the crouch position, the biological organism first springs into the crouch position from a standing position (eccentric or negative movement) and then reverses the direction of movement when it reaches the crouch position (reversal point) in order to jump off the crouch position as explosively as possible .
  • the crouch position e.g. angle between the thigh and vertical of 100 °
  • the hands can remain in the hip or, alternatively, can be pulled up.
  • the biological organism In the elastic leap over the crouch position, the biological organism first springs into the crouch position from a standing position (eccentric or negative movement) and then reverses the direction of movement when it reaches
  • the jump from the crouch (squat) or the jumped squat is a very complex movement sequence, in which many muscle groups of the body have to be activated to generate strength but also to stabilize the movement. This results in strengthening processes, from which the training state of the entire musculature, that is to say also in the execution of the jump of muscle groups not directly involved, can be determined very precisely.
  • the method further comprises the step: d) determining a current training capacity (Tkap), which enables a statement about the current training resources of the biological organism (200), taking into account the determined current strength potential (Kpot ) and a previously entered ma- maximum force potential (Kpot max ) and optionally taking into account the determined current activation ability (Akt) and a previously entered maximum activation ability (Akt max ) as well as optionally taking into account the determined current tension capacity (Sf) and an entered previous maximum tension capacity (Sf max ) .
  • Tkap current training capacity
  • At least the force potential (Kpot) and optionally also the activation ability (Akt) and / or the tension capacity (Sf) are dependent on their change within the recorded time series, i.e. in relation to their respective previous (historical) maximum value (Kpot max , Akt max , Sf max ), to a resultant factor that converts training capacity (Tkap).
  • Kpot max , Akt max , Sf max a resultant factor that converts training capacity
  • the contractile potential or the existing physiological potential (number of motor units that can be recruited) and the energetic state of the corresponding muscles (catabolic or anabolic metabolism) flow via the strength potential (Kpot) and, optionally, the ability to contract the muscles via the nervous system activate, via the activation ability (act) and / or the ability of the muscle / tendon system to absorb mechanical or elastic energy via the tension ability (Sf) in the assessment of the current training status of the biological organism (human (athlete / athlete) or Tier) based on the training capacity (Tkap).
  • the training capacity (Tkap) describes in particular the current development resources of the biological organism (person, animal, etc.) in order to react adaptively to a training stimulus.
  • the statement of the training capacity (Tkap) is relative to the individual maximum of the test subject.
  • a reduction in the training capacity (Tkap) means that the biological development resources are limited and the training load should be reduced.
  • increasing the training capacity (Tkap) means that the training load can also be increased.
  • the training capacity (Tkap) is determined in step d) in accordance with the following relationship:
  • the contractile potential or the existing physiological potential and the energetic state of the corresponding muscles (strength potential (Kpot)) and the ability to activate the muscles via the nervous system (activation ability (Akt)) and the ability of the Muscle / tendon systems to absorb mechanical or elastic energy (elasticity (Sf)) can be combined.
  • a computer comprises
  • f c is a predeterminable gender-specific and / or target-dependent value, which is preferably in the range 7 to 12;
  • Ststato taking into account an entered first performance curve (P 0i stato), which was determined on the basis of a statodynamic movement sequence, which takes place from a muscularly preloaded starting position of the athlete in a first direction of movement, without loading, and an entered second performance curve (P m i_stato) , which was determined on the basis of the same statodynamic movement sequence with a predetermined load, and the size of the predetermined load is determined;
  • St Elasto taking into account an entered third performance curve (P 0i Eiasto), which takes place on the basis of an elastodynamic movement sequence, which occurs from a muscularly relaxed resting position of the athlete in an opposite second movement direction to the starting position as a reversal point and then in
  • the biological organism to be trained is also considered holistically and as a highly complex nerve-muscle system for calculating individual training areas / training focuses.
  • the first performance curve (P 0i stato), the second performance curve (Pmi_stato), the third performance curve (P 0i Eiasto) and the fourth performance curve (P mi Eiasto) are entered or previously when the specified movement sequences are carried out determined with the corresponding predetermined forms of action and the corresponding predetermined loads by the biological organism.
  • the mean slope (St) is then calculated from the slopes of the forms of action (St Stato ,
  • the mean gradient is then converted into an angle between 0 ° and 180 ° with the aid of the predetermined value or factor (f c ), which can be gender-specific and / or target-dependent and based on empirical values.
  • the value / factor (f c ) is preferably in the range 7 to 12 (for example 8 for strength athletes or 12 for female endurance athletes).
  • the maximum power (P max ) in the high resistance range is similar to that in the low resistance range, the current development potential is in the low resistance range. The existing power cannot currently be converted into speed the. Conversely, in the event of a very strong drop in performance over the resistance range, this means that with increasing resistance (L) no additional strength potential can be activated and the primary training goal should therefore be in the high resistance range.
  • the calculated angle or training compass value (W) marks the training focus or the main load range in the training compass.
  • the training compass shows a representation of training areas according to resistance or intensity criteria and can be used for general training categories such as endurance, strength, endurance or specific categories such as B. swimming, etc. can be applied.
  • the training compass starts on the left (0 °) with the lowest resistance range for rapid strength training, then continues to the right over the explosive strength range and hypertrophy range up to the maximum strength range (180 °).
  • the basic endurance area begins on the left (0 °) and then goes over the transition area and the threshold area to the intensive area on the far right (180 °).
  • the current training status regarding the development potential can be represented as very easy to understand.
  • the current training compass value can be shown on the display.
  • the biological organism athlete / athlete or animal etc.
  • the biological organism athlete / athlete and / or its trainer immediately receives a clear feedback about the success of the previous training and the possibilities or optimal direction for the future training.
  • the method further comprises the step: f) specifying training exercises of a training plan which are based on a deviation of a current training compass value (W) from a predetermined target value (Ws oii ) from a plurality of predefined training exercises of different loads are determined.
  • the specified target value (W soii ) is selected, for example, depending on the type of sport (more rapid power or maximum power).
  • the training focus is determined by the selection of appropriate exercises.
  • the choice of exercises depends on the one hand on the target value (W soii ), i.e. the final training goal , and on the other hand on the difference (D) between the current training compass value (W), i.e. the current training status, and the target value (W soii ) from.
  • the creation of the training plan is therefore carried out automatically on the basis of the predetermined training end goal (target value (W soii )) and the current training status (training compass value (W)).
  • various exercises based on the target value (W soii ) and the difference (D) to this are proposed, for example, from a stored list (look-up list). After a certain training period, the performance curves are determined and analyzed again.
  • the training plan intensity and / or exercises of the training is automatically adapted. This is a closed system for training optimization, which enables closed-loop training control.
  • a determined adjustment of the training plan with regard to the exercises can be implemented immediately by the biological organism or its trainer in a time-saving manner.
  • an intensity of the training exercises of the training plan is determined in step f) based on the determined current training capacity (TKap) on the basis of a predetermined quantification system, which is a load parameter for each training category and a factor for each sub-area of the respective training category specifies that sets the intensity in relation to the load parameter of the respective sub-area.
  • TKap current training capacity
  • the individually available biological training resources of an organism become an individual one Training plan determined and optionally automatically adapted at regular time intervals based on the current training capacity (Tkap) of the biological organism in question, in particular the athlete / athlete concerned.
  • Tkap current training capacity
  • value units can be introduced as a quantification system for the quantitative recording of the control variable “training”.
  • a value unit system can be defined for this.
  • a load parameter can be defined for the time being - for example, the number of series for strength or the load time for endurance.
  • a factor can then be defined for each sub-area of the training category, with which the load parameter can be converted into value units (WE).
  • This value unit system enables the calculated training focus to be assigned to absolute values for any category. This makes it possible to compare loads between different categories and to calculate the total load of the training.
  • the training plan is therefore created automatically on the basis of the neuromuscular base variables (strength potential (Kpot), tension capacity (Sf), activation capacity (Akt)) and the resulting training capacity (Tkap).
  • Kpot neuromuscular base variables
  • Sf tension capacity
  • Akt activation capacity
  • Tkap training capacity
  • the basic neuromuscular parameters are determined and analyzed again.
  • the training plan is automatically adapted.
  • This is a closed system for training optimization, which enables closed-foop training regulation.
  • Sport training is regulated by regulators of training capacity (Tkap) and load distribution (selection of exercises).
  • the adaptation of the training is made possible by the quantification system (e.g. based on the value unit system).
  • the regulation takes place intraindividually exclusively based on the empirical data of the person. Therefore, at least 2 tests (at different times) are necessary and the reliability increases with the number of measurements. Ideally, tested and scheduled for one week each.
  • the training is then regulated by adjusting the sub-category distribution (selection of exercises) and / or adjusting the total load. For example, if the training capacity (Tkap) drops to a value between 80% and 60%, the total load in training is reduced by 15%.
  • the determined intensity of the training exercises can be shown on the display.
  • the biological organism or its trainer can immediately implement a determined adjustment of the training plan with regard to the intensity.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic flow diagram of a computer-implemented method for determining individual training resources according to a first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic illustration of a computer-implemented device for determining individual training resources according to a second embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3a shows a schematic illustration of a statodynamic jump in embodiments of the present invention
  • 3b is a schematic representation of an elastodynamic jump in embodiments of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic flowchart of a computer-implemented method for determining an optimal training focus according to a third embodiment of the present invention
  • 5a is a schematic diagram of the measured and calculated parameter
  • 5b is a schematic diagram of the measured and calculated parameter
  • 6a is a schematic diagram of the measured and calculated parameter
  • 6b is a schematic diagram of the measured and calculated parameter
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic flow diagram of repeated executions of a given motion sequence with a given form of action and under given load in embodiments of the present invention.
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic flow diagram of the determination and display of the training capacity in embodiments of the present invention
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic flow diagram of the determination and display of a training plan in embodiments of the present invention.
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the slopes of the maximum powers of the
  • FIG. 11 shows a schematic illustration of an exemplary training compass
  • FIG. 12 shows a schematic illustration of an exemplary determined training plan in embodiments of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic flow diagram of a computer-implemented method for determining individual training resources according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the method 10 comprises the optional steps: at least one execution 12 of the respective predefined movement sequence by the biological organism 200 with the predefined form of action and under the respective predefined load in a current training state;
  • steps 11 to 14 are optional, since they do not have to be carried out under real-time conditions, but corresponding data or parameters can be provided in advance with a time delay and can be entered and evaluated at a later time.
  • step 15 an inputting erfogt at least one temporal power profile (P 0i stato, PmLstato, PoLEiasto, PmLEiasto) and a respective time interval ([t Sta rt; t S tart + ATP hase]; ([t En de- Atp hase; t end ]) in the start phase and / or in the end phase of the respective temporal performance curve (PoLstato, PmLstato, PoLEiasto, PmLEiasto), which is based on the execution of a respective given movement sequence by the biological organism 200 with a given action form and under a given one Load in a current training state were determined.
  • step 16 calculating a respective average power (Pstart_oi_stato, REP de_ol_Stato, Pstart_mLStato, PEnde_ml_Stato, Pstart_oLElasto, PEnde_ol_Elasto, Pstart_mLElasto, PEnde_ml_Elasto) Ml is carried out each specified time interval ([t S tart + ATP hase]; ([t E xit -Atp hase ; t En de]) in the start phase and / or in the end phase of the respective temporal performance curve (Poi stato, PmLstato, PoLEiasto, PmLEiasto) for each entered performance curve (P 0 i_stato, PmLstato,
  • a current neuromuscular base variable Kpot, Akt, Sf is determined in step 17, taking into account the respective calculated average power (Pstart_oi_stato, REP- de_ol_Stato? Pstart_ml_Stato? PEnde_ml_Stato? Pstart_ol_Elasto? PEnde_ol_Elasto? Pstart_ml_Elasto? PEnde_ml_Elasto) And a respective corresponding entered maximum average power
  • a current training capacity Tkap is determined, which enables a statement to be made about the current training resources of the biological organism 200, taking into account the determined current force potential Kpot and an entered previous maximum force potential Kpot max, and optionally taking into account the determined current activation ability Akt and an entered maximum activation capacity Akt max and optionally taking into account the determined current voltage capability Sf and an entered previous maximum voltage capability Sf max .
  • a jump from a squatting position can be specified here.
  • other complex movements can also be specified (rowing, deadlifts, bench press, pull-ups, tearing, pushing, cycling, swimming, running, etc.).
  • Two types of action can be specified, a staodynamic version and an elastodynamic version of the jump from the squatting position.
  • two loads can be specified, a version without load (without additional weight) load and a version with load (additional weight of e.g. 40% or 20% of your own body weight) of an athlete or another biological organism.
  • the athlete or athlete can execute the jump in succession 12 as a statodynamic jump without load, as a statodynamic jump with load, as an elastodynamic jump without load and as an elastodynamic jump with load.
  • a statodynamic jump without load as a statodynamic jump with load
  • an elastodynamic jump without load as an elastodynamic jump with load.
  • several runs can be carried out with each load and only the best run in each case, i.e. the run in which the greatest performance was achieved, can be used for the following considerations.
  • time course of the (reactive) forces (force) occurring during the individual executions of the jumps can be measured during measurement 13.
  • Time course, F (t)) can be measured with a force measuring device.
  • the time course of the accelerations occurring acceleration-time course, a (t)
  • temporal power curves (PoLstato, PmLstato, PoLEiasto, PmLEiasto) can be calculated for the jumps with the respective forms of action and loads.
  • a speed-time profile v (t) can be calculated from the force-time profiles F (t) with the weight G of the athlete in N and the mass M of the athlete in kg.
  • a start time (t start ) of the jump is the time before the concentric movement phase at which the speed v 0 is 0 (start position in the squat position for the statodynamic jump and reversal point for the elastodynamic jump).
  • An end time (t en le ) of the jump is the time at which the speed v max is maximum.
  • the calculated power curve P (t) in the eccentric / negative movement phase can be used to control the movement execution, for example the last 150 ms before the reversal point can be used to differentiate between statodynamic and elastodynamic forms of action.
  • the corresponding power profiles, the first power profile ( P 0i stato) for the statodynamic jump without load, the second performance curve (P mi stato) for the statodynamic jump with load (e.g. 40% of the body weight of the athlete), the third performance curve (P 0i Eiasto) for the elastodynamic jump without load and the fourth performance curve (PmLEiasto) for the elastodynamic jump with load can be derived.
  • the first to fourth performance curve (P 0i stato, Pmi_stato, PoLEiasto, PmLEiasto) for the jump with the respective form of action (statodynamic or elastodynamic) and the respective load (without load or with an additional 40% of the body weight of the athlete as a burden) for further analysis.
  • performance profiles can be determined in a training center and then transmitted to an evaluation center for further analysis, where they can be entered and analyzed.
  • L. -Atp h; I SL .; T En de]) of the power curves is considered and in each case the The average power is calculated from the start time (tstart) to the end of a start phase (ts ta n + atp hase ) of the jump or from the start of an end phase (t end -atp hase ) of the jump to the end time (t end ) of the jump.
  • the start phase and the end phase (Atp h; l se ) of the jump are, for example, each 150 ms long.
  • a corresponding path-time profile s (t) is calculated by integrating the speed-time profile v (t) from the start time (ts ta rt) to the end time (tEnd) of the jump.
  • a respective path covered is determined.
  • An executed jump (and its performance curve) is only used as valid if the determined distance covered deviates from a predetermined path of an associated reference movement sequence (reference jump) by less than a predetermined limit value.
  • execution of the specified movement sequence is only considered valid and the associated performance curve processed if the distance covered corresponds to the predetermined path or only slightly (preferably less than 5%) deviates from this.
  • the squat position in which the thighs of the athlete / athlete have an angle of 100 ° with respect to the vertical, is given as the starting position for the statodynamic form of action or as the reversal point for the elastodynamic form of action.
  • the execution of the movement sequence is thus validated via the derived path-time profile s (t) or the derived path covered.
  • Pi .nde mi siaio maxi Pi .nde oi i .iasio maxi PEnde_mi_Eiasto_max) are then 17 when they are determined the current neuromuscular base variables force potential Kpot, activation capacity Akt and tension capacity Sf are determined.
  • the athlete's current force potential Kpot is calculated from the ratio of the first average power (Pstart_oi_stato) to the start phase of the statodynamic jump without load and the second average power (Pstart_mi_stato) to the start phase of the statodynamic jump with load to the corresponding previous maximum average power
  • the athlete's current activation ability Akt is calculated from the ratio of the first mean performance (Pstart_oi_stato) to the start phase of the statodynamic jump without load, the third mean performance (Pstart_oi_Eiasto) to the start phase of the statodynamic jump without load, the fifth mean performance (PEnde_oi_stato) to the end phase the statodynamic jump without load and the seventh mean power (PEnde_oi_Eiasto) at the end phase of the elastodynamic jump without load at the corresponding previous maximum mean powers (Pstart_ol_Stato_max ? Pstart_ol_Elasto_max ? PEnde_ol_Stato_max ? PEnde_ol_Elasto_max).
  • the athlete's current resilience Sf is calculated from the ratio of the fourth mean power (Pstart_mi_Eiasto) to the start phase of the elastodynamic jump with load and the maximum force (F u ml E asto ) at the reversal point of the elastodynamic jump with load to the previous maximum fourth mean Power (Pstart_mi_Eiasto_max) and the previous maximum force (F u _ mi _Eiasto_max) determined at the reversal point.
  • a current training capacity Tkap of the athlete can be determined from the ratio of the current force potential Kpot, the current activation ability Akt and the current tension capacity Sf of the athlete to corresponding previous (stored) maximum neuromuscular base variables (Kpot max , Akt max , Sf max ) will.
  • Fig. 2 shows a schematic representation of a computer-implemented device for determining individual training resources according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the device 100 comprises a control device 101 in the form of a computer with integrated memory 102 (hard disk and portable storage medium) and display 104 and a force measuring plate 103.
  • a control device 101 in the form of a computer with integrated memory 102 (hard disk and portable storage medium) and display 104 and a force measuring plate 103.
  • the control device 101 is designed and set up to carry out the steps of the method according to FIG. 1, with or without the optional steps 11 to 14 and 18 being included.
  • the force-time profiles are measured using the force measuring plate 103, the athlete to be examined performing the jumps with the two different forms of action and the two different loads on the force measuring plate 103. After each execution of the jump, the distance covered and information about whether the jump was considered valid are shown on the display 104. In addition, the determined current force potential Kpot, the determined current activation ability Akt and the determined current tension ability Sf as well as the determined current training capacity Tkap of the athlete are shown on the display 104.
  • FIG. 3a is a schematic representation of a statodynamic jump in embodiments of the present invention
  • FIG. 3b is a schematic representation of an elastodynamic jump in embodiments of the present invention.
  • statodynamic jump is carried out in such a way that an athlete 200 starting from the squatting position as the starting position (concentric movement phase) is as high as jumps off the force plate 103.
  • the starting position is, for example, a squat position in which the thighs of the athlete 200 assume an angle of 100 ° with respect to the vertical.
  • the arms can be pulled over the head during the jump or remain in the hip.
  • an elastodynamic jump is carried out in such a way that an athlete 200 moves eccentrically from a standing starting position into the squatting position (e.g. angle between the thigh and vertical of 100 °) and immediately from the squatting position (reversal point of the movement) from the force measuring plate 103 jumps off (concentric movement phase).
  • the arms can be pulled over the head during the jump or remain in the hip.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flow diagram of a computer-implemented method for determining an optimal training focus according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • the method 20 includes at least steps 15 to 18 of the method 10 according to FIG. 1 and further comprises determining 21 a current training compass value and specifying 22 training exercises for a training plan.
  • an (absolute) maximum power (P max 0i stato, P maX mLstato, P maX oLEiasto, P maX mLEia S to) is (for each action form (statodynamic, elastodynamic) with each load (without load, with load)) (or alternatively a relative mean power (P pos 0 Lstato, determined.
  • P max 0i stato, P maX mLstato, P maX oLEiasto, P maX mLEia S to is (for each action form (statodynamic, elastodynamic) with each load (without load, with load)) (or alternatively a relative mean power (P pos 0 Lstato, determined.
  • P pos 0 Lstato the respective body weight of the athlete M in kg is also related.
  • the mean slope St is then calculated from the slopes of the forms of action (Sts tato ,
  • the current training compass value W which is between 0 and 180 °, for determining the optimal training center is determined.
  • the factor f c is a predeterminable gender-specific and / or target-dependent value, which is preferably in the range 7 to 12 and is based on empirical values.
  • a difference D is then calculated between a predetermined target value W soii , which corresponds to an end-of-training goal and is selected, for example, depending on the type of sport (more rapid strength or maximum strength), and the current training compass value W.
  • the training focus is determined by the selection of appropriate exercises from a look-up list for a training plan TP.
  • the choice of exercises depends on the one hand on the target value W soii , i.e. the end of training goal (e.g. form of competition), and on the other hand on the difference D between the current training compass value W, i.e. the current training state, and the target value W soii .
  • an intensity of the training exercises of the training plan TP is determined on the basis of the determined current training capacity Tkap using a predetermined quantification system.
  • Value units WE are introduced in a value unit system for the quantitative recording of the control variable “training”.
  • a load parameter is initially defined for each training category - for example, the number of series for strength or the load time for endurance.
  • a factor is then defined for each sub-area of the training category, with which the load parameters are converted into the value units WE.
  • This value unit system enables the calculated training focus to be transferred to absolute values for any category. This makes it possible to compare loads between different categories and to calculate a total load of the training.
  • the training plan (intensity and / or exercises of the training) is automatically adapted on the basis of a comparison with previous (maximum) results.
  • This is a closed system for training optimization, which enables closed-foop training regulation.
  • Sport training is regulated by regulating the training capacity Tkap and the load distribution (selection of exercises).
  • the adaptation of the training is made possible by the quantification system (e.g. based on the value unit system).
  • the regulation is made intra-individually based on the empirical data of the person. That's why at least 2 tests (at different times) and the reliability increases with the number of measurements. Ideally, tests can be carried out weekly and planned for one week at a time.
  • the training is then regulated by adjusting the sub-category distribution (selection of exercises) and / or adjusting the total load. For example, if the training capacity (Tkap) drops by 5%, the total load in training is reduced by 5%.
  • the control device 101 of the device 100 according to FIG. 2 is also designed and set up, for example, to carry out the steps 21 and 22 of the method 20.
  • the training compass with the current training compass value W and the desired value W soii as well as the training plan TP with the selected exercises and intensities can be shown on the display 104.
  • FIG. 5a is a schematic diagram of the measured and calculated parameter-time profiles for a statodynamic jump without load in embodiments of the present invention.
  • the power curve P (t) (here P 0i stato) is calculated from the force-time curve F (t) with the speed-time curve v (t) calculated by integration.
  • the distance-time profile s (t) is calculated from the speed-time profile v (t) by integration.
  • start time point t Sta rt is the time at the start of, concentric movement phase defined, to which the velocity v 0 equal to 0 (before then the speed increases in the positive direction) of the concentric movement phase.
  • the time at which the speed V max has reached its maximum value is defined as the end time t end of the concentric movement phase.
  • the measured (reactive) force F (t) initially increases at the beginning of the concentric movement phase in the start phase [ts tarti ts tart + Atp haSe ], then remains largely constant initially and finally falls in the final phase [t End - at phase ; end] again. Accordingly, the velocity v (t) from the start time t Sta rt rises to end time t En de an almost linear. The distance covered increases from the start time to beyond the end point (flight phase) before the athlete lands on the floor or the force plate again. The power P (t) increases from the start time to shortly before the end time and is still positive at the end time.
  • 5b is a schematic diagram of the measured and calculated parameter-time profiles in a statodynamic jump with load in embodiments of the present invention. In order to avoid repetitions, only the differences from the courses from FIG. 5 a are described below.
  • the increase in the force-time curve F (t) is significantly smaller for the statodynamic jump with load in the start phase than for the statodynamic jump without load. Accordingly, in comparison, the speed-time profile v (t) and the path-time profile s (t) also have lower maximum values, in contrast to the unloaded implementation. Since the entire movement sequence is slower than without load, the performance curve P (t) (here P m Ls tato ) is somewhat wider and the maximum performance is somewhat lower.
  • FIG. 6a is a schematic diagram of the measured and calculated parameter-time profiles for an elastodynamic jump without load in embodiments of the present invention. In order to avoid repetitions, only the differences from the courses from FIG. 5 a are described below.
  • the elastodynamic jumps before the start time ts tart of the concentric movement phase have a decreasing force-time curve F (t) when deflected (eccentric movement phase ) into the squatting position.
  • F (t) when deflected (eccentric movement phase ) into the squatting position.
  • P (t) here P 0i Eiasto
  • the power profile P (t) is in the elastodynamic jump without load in the initial phase [t Sta rt; tstart + Atph aS e] somewhat steeper than with the statodynamic jump without load.
  • the measured force-time curve rises sharply even before the start of the concentric movement phase during the eccentric movement phase and then runs approximately constant until the end phase [t end- ATP hase ; t end ] of the concentric movement phase.
  • the path-time curve s (t) is therefore correspondingly initially negative until a negative maximum in the crouch position, i.e.
  • the reversal point of the movement sequence is reached at the start time of the concentric movement phase, after which the path-time curve s (t) proceeds positively to beyond the end time of the concentric movement phase (flight phase), before the athlete lands on the force plate again.
  • FIG. 6b is a schematic diagram of the measured and calculated parameter-time profiles for an elastodynamic jump with load in embodiments of the present invention. In order to avoid repetitions, only the differences from the courses from FIG. 5 a are described below.
  • the force-time curve F (t), the speed-time curve v (t), the performance curve P (t) (here Eiasto) and the path-time curve are similar to the corresponding curves of the elastic jump without Stress, however, the courses are wider and flatter because the movement is slower.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic flow diagram of repeated executions of a given movement sequence with a given action form and under a given load in embodiments of the present invention.
  • the distance covered (determined from the path-time profile s (t)) is used to determine whether the execution of the jump was valid or not, in comparison with a predetermined path of an associated reference movement sequence. For this purpose, it is checked whether the path covered does not deviate from the predetermined path of the associated reference movement sequence by more than a predetermined limit value.
  • An initial execution of the specified movement sequence by the athlete can serve as a reference movement sequence, for example.
  • the measured force-time curve (F (t) F d _ Stoto , F mL s tato , F ol EIasto , F mI Elasto ) is stored in the memory 102 and then further evaluated.
  • the four jumps with the corresponding forms of action and loads are carried out several times and the respective force-time profiles F (t) of valid versions of the jumps are stored in the memory 102 for further analysis.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic flow diagram of the determination and display of training capacity in embodiments of the present invention.
  • the current training capacity Tkap the current resilience Sf and the current activation ability of an athlete from performance curves and the maximum force at the reversal point to jumps in different forms of action and with different loads and correspondingly stored previous maximum Values can be determined. Furthermore, the current training capacity Tkap can be determined from said current neuromuscular base variables and their respective maximum value stored so far. The current training capacity can be shown on the display 104 of the device 100.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic flow diagram of determining and displaying a training plan in embodiments of the present invention.
  • the four performance curves of the four different jumps (statodynamic / elastodynamic mixed and with load / without load) the average slope St can be calculated.
  • the current training compass value W can be determined from the mean slope St and the factor f c .
  • Exercises for the training plan can be selected from a specified look-up table based on the current training compass value W and the specified target value W Soii , which corresponds to the training end goal (e.g. type of competition of an athlete). The selection depends on the target value W soii and the difference to the current training compass value W.
  • the intensity of the training (number of repetitions and / or number of series and / or duration) for the training plan TP is determined via the current training capacity.
  • the training plan TP can then be shown on the display 104, showing the selected exercises and their intensity.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the slopes of the maximum powers of the power curves in embodiments of the present invention.
  • the respective maximum power (P max 0 Lstato, P maX mLstato, P maX oLEiasto, P maX mLEi as to) of the four power curves (PoLstato, PmLstato, PoL Hasto, PmLEiasto) are shown as examples in Fig. 10 (see Figs. 5a to 6b).
  • the maximum performances of the elastodynamic jump without load and with load (P max 0 LEiasto, P maX mLEiasto) are higher than the maximum performances of the statodynamic jump without load and with load (P max 0i stato, P maX mLstato)
  • the slope (ststato, StEiasto) of the maximum outputs (P max ) for the two types of action is determined.
  • the current training compass value W is calculated from the slope and the factor f c .
  • Fig. 11 is a schematic representation of an exemplary training compass in embodiments of the present invention.
  • the current training compass value W is between 0 ° and 180 °. 0 ° corresponds to a rapid force range while 180 ° corresponds to a maximum force range.
  • a training target is set via the setpoint W soii .
  • the final training target can be selected and specified via the setpoint W soii .
  • the target value W soii can be close to 180 °, ie in the maximum force range.
  • the current training compass value W shows in comparison to the target value W how far the athlete is from the training end goal . Based on the target value W soii and the difference D between this and the current training compass value W, exercises are selected from a given look-up table and compiled into the training plan TP.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic illustration of an exemplary determined training plan in embodiments of the present invention.
  • the training plan TP includes selected exercises with a determined intensity.
  • the intensity is determined and displayed using a value unit system using value units WE.
  • the training focus is determined by the selection of appropriate exercises from the look-up list for the training plan TP.
  • the choice of exercises depends on the one hand on the target value W soii , i.e. the end of training goal (e.g. form of competition), and on the other hand on the difference D between the current training compass value W, i.e. the current training state, and the target value W soii .
  • the intensity of the training exercises of the training plan TP is determined on the basis of the determined current training capacity Tkap using the specified value unit system.
  • This value unit system enables the calculation of the calculated training focus in absolute values for any category. This makes it possible to compare loads between different categories and to calculate the total load of the training.

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Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé (10) mis en œuvre par ordinateur pour la détermination de ressources d'apprentissage individuelles d'organismes biologiques au moyen d'une courbe temporelle d'états successifs d'apprentissage, ainsi qu'un dispositif correspondant. Le procédé comprend les étapes suivantes : entrée (15) d'au moins une courbe temporelle de performance et d'un intervalle de temps concerné dans la phase de début et/ou dans la phase de fin de la courbe temporelle de performance concernée, qui ont été déterminés au moyen d'une exécution d'une séquence de mouvements concernée prédéfinie par l'organisme biologique sous une forme d'action prédéfinie et sous une contrainte concernée prédéfinie dans un état d'apprentissage instantané; calcul (16) d'une performance moyenne concernée dans l'intervalle de temps concerné entré, dans la phase de début et/ou dans la phase de fin de la courbe temporelle de performance concernée pour chaque courbe de performance entrée; et détermination (17) d'une grandeur de base (Kpot, Akt, Sf) neuromusculaire instantanée en prenant en compte la performance moyenne calculée concernée et une performance moyenne jusqu'à présent maximale correspondante concernée entrée dans un état d'apprentissage antérieur, qui permet de tirer des conclusions sur l'état d'apprentissage instantané.
PCT/EP2019/078626 2018-10-24 2019-10-22 Procédé mis en œuvre par ordinateur pour la détermination de ressources d'apprentissage individuelles d'organismes biologiques, et dispositif correspondant WO2020083857A1 (fr)

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EP3988020A1 (fr) * 2020-10-20 2022-04-27 Kistler Holding AG Procédé et dispositif de mesure de la force

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EP2263534A1 (fr) 2009-06-16 2010-12-22 Myotest SA Procédé et dispositif pour optimiser l'entraînement des athlètes
EP2470076A2 (fr) 2009-08-28 2012-07-04 Allen Joseph Selner Caractérisation d'une aptitude physique par analyse du mouvement
US9737758B1 (en) 2013-09-20 2017-08-22 Sparta Software Corporation Method and system for generating athletic signatures
US9886559B1 (en) 2012-02-24 2018-02-06 Cerner Innovation, Inc. Assessing fitness by entropy and bispectral analysis

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EP2263534A1 (fr) 2009-06-16 2010-12-22 Myotest SA Procédé et dispositif pour optimiser l'entraînement des athlètes
EP2470076A2 (fr) 2009-08-28 2012-07-04 Allen Joseph Selner Caractérisation d'une aptitude physique par analyse du mouvement
US9886559B1 (en) 2012-02-24 2018-02-06 Cerner Innovation, Inc. Assessing fitness by entropy and bispectral analysis
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PRUE CORMIE ET AL: "Power-Time, Force-Time, and Velocity-Time Curve Analysis of the Countermovement Jump: Impact of Training :", JOURNAL OF STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING RESEARCH, vol. 23, no. 1, 1 January 2009 (2009-01-01), US, pages 177 - 186, XP055654507, ISSN: 1064-8011, DOI: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181889324 *

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3988020A1 (fr) * 2020-10-20 2022-04-27 Kistler Holding AG Procédé et dispositif de mesure de la force
JP2022067649A (ja) * 2020-10-20 2022-05-06 キストラー ホールディング アクチエンゲゼルシャフト 力を測定するための方法及び装置
CN114432673A (zh) * 2020-10-20 2022-05-06 基斯特勒控股公司 用于测量力的方法和装置

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