WO2020063075A1 - 数控液压刹车装置 - Google Patents

数控液压刹车装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020063075A1
WO2020063075A1 PCT/CN2019/097596 CN2019097596W WO2020063075A1 WO 2020063075 A1 WO2020063075 A1 WO 2020063075A1 CN 2019097596 W CN2019097596 W CN 2019097596W WO 2020063075 A1 WO2020063075 A1 WO 2020063075A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
oil
valve
cylinder
brake
valve core
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/097596
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
齐世勇
Original Assignee
齐世勇
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Application filed by 齐世勇 filed Critical 齐世勇
Publication of WO2020063075A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020063075A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T13/00—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
    • B60T13/10—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release
    • B60T13/12—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release the fluid being liquid
    • B60T13/14—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release the fluid being liquid using accumulators or reservoirs fed by pumps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T15/00—Construction arrangement, or operation of valves incorporated in power brake systems and not covered by groups B60T11/00 or B60T13/00
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T17/00—Component parts, details, or accessories of power brake systems not covered by groups B60T8/00, B60T13/00 or B60T15/00, or presenting other characteristic features
    • B60T17/04—Arrangements of piping, valves in the piping, e.g. cut-off valves, couplings or air hoses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T17/00—Component parts, details, or accessories of power brake systems not covered by groups B60T8/00, B60T13/00 or B60T15/00, or presenting other characteristic features
    • B60T17/08—Brake cylinders other than ultimate actuators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T17/00—Component parts, details, or accessories of power brake systems not covered by groups B60T8/00, B60T13/00 or B60T15/00, or presenting other characteristic features
    • B60T17/08—Brake cylinders other than ultimate actuators
    • B60T17/088—Mounting arrangements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T17/00—Component parts, details, or accessories of power brake systems not covered by groups B60T8/00, B60T13/00 or B60T15/00, or presenting other characteristic features
    • B60T17/18—Safety devices; Monitoring
    • B60T17/22—Devices for monitoring or checking brake systems; Signal devices

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of brake systems, and in particular relates to a numerically controlled hydraulic brake device.
  • this application provides a numerically controlled hydraulic brake device.
  • the applicant has improved the technology previously applied, especially the newly designed numerical control brake master cylinder oil separator valve, so that it can completely replace The brake device of the existing car is used alone, and the safety factor of the driving safety and the transportation safety of the vehicle is improved.
  • a numerically controlled hydraulic brake device includes a numerically controlled system, a hydraulic pump, a one-way oil outlet valve, a first switching valve, a numerically controlled brake master cylinder oil separator valve, and a high-pressure oil storage barrel.
  • the numerically controlled brake master cylinder oil separator valve includes a master cylinder And one-to-one sub-pumps corresponding to the number of vehicle brake sub-pumps; the sub-pumps include oil-separating cylinders and pistons; the pistons are arranged in the oil-separating cylinders and slide-fit with the inner side walls of the oil-separating cylinders
  • the piston divides the oil separating cylinder into a first chamber and a second chamber; the first chamber is provided with an oil inlet of the oil separating cylinder, and the second chamber is provided with an oil separating cylinder mouth;
  • the master cylinder includes a valve cylinder, a valve core, and a valve core pull plate for connecting a brake cable; the valve core is arranged in the valve cylinder and rotates and cooperates with the inner side wall of the valve cylinder; the valve cylinder
  • the side wall of the valve body is respectively provided with a valve barrel oil inlet and a valve barrel oil return port.
  • One end surface of the valve barrel is provided with a valve barrel oil outlet; the side wall of the valve core is provided with a valve core oil inlet.
  • the valve core oil outlet is connected to the valve core oil inlet at the center of one end face of the valve core; the valve core oil outlet is located at the valve barrel oil outlet; the brake pull plate is located at The valve cylinder is externally connected with the valve core to control the rotation of the valve core; the brake pull plate drives the valve core to rotate to the brake braking state, and the valve core oil inlet and the valve cylinder are fed with oil Butt communication; the brake pull plate drives the valve core to rotate to a brake released state, the valve core oil inlet and the valve barrel oil return port are in butt communication;
  • the oil outlet of the first conversion valve is connected to the oil inlet of the one-way oil outlet valve.
  • the oil inlet of the first conversion valve is connected to a hydraulic oil tank through the hydraulic pump.
  • the first conversion valve The oil return port is connected to the hydraulic oil tank; the oil outlet of the one-way oil outlet valve, the oil storage port of the high-pressure oil storage barrel, and the valve barrel oil inlet are connected to each other; the valve core oil outlets are respectively It is in communication with the oil inlet of the oil separator cylinder of each of the sub-pumps, and the oil outlet of the oil separator cylinder is connected with the corresponding brake sub-pump; the oil return port of the valve cylinder is connected with the hydraulic pressure through the oil return pipe.
  • a fuel tank is connected; a first pressure sensor is provided at an oil storage port of the high-pressure oil storage barrel, and the first pressure sensor is electrically connected to the numerical control system.
  • a second pressure sensor is provided at the oil outlet of the oil separation cylinder; the second pressure sensor is electrically connected with the numerical control system, and the numerical control system is electrically connected with a pump failure alarm device; the numerical control system Controlling the sub-pump failure alarm device to perform an alarm instruction according to a monitoring signal of the second pressure sensor.
  • valve cylinder is provided with a stepped hole having openings at both ends along the central axis direction;
  • the valve core includes a core body, a pressure bearing, and a first retaining spring; and the shape of the core body is larger than that of the stepped hole.
  • the cylindrical shape of the aperture section matches; the two ends of the core are respectively provided with a rotating shaft and a circular table, the table of the circular table is provided with a flat key, and the flat key is provided with a screw; the rotating shaft and the stepped hole are small.
  • valve core oil inlet is disposed on the side wall of the core body
  • valve core oil outlet is disposed on an end surface of the rotating shaft away from the core body
  • valve core pull plate faces
  • One side of the flat key is provided with a key groove matching the flat key, and a screw through hole matching the screw is provided in the key groove; the screw passes through the valve through the screw through hole.
  • the core pull plate is provided with a fastening nut; the first clamping spring is clamped in a card slot at the large port of the stepped hole; the radius of the circular table is smaller than the radius of the core body, and the pressure bearing sleeve
  • the pressure bearing is provided on the outer side of the circular table, and the two end surfaces of the pressure bearing respectively abut against each other. An end surface of the compression spring and the core body adjacent to the pressure bearing is held.
  • a drain port is further provided at a side wall of the valve cylinder corresponding to the shoulder surface of the stepped hole, and the drain port is connected to the valve tank oil return port through a drain pipe.
  • the sub-pump includes a plurality of pairs of front-wheel sub-pumps, and branch oil passages connected to the oil outlet of the valve core and the oil-intake port of each of the front-wheel sub-pumps are respectively provided with front Wheel cylinder control valve; the front wheel cylinder control valve is electrically connected to the numerical control system, and the numerical control system controls opening and closing of the front wheel cylinder control valve.
  • the numerical control brake master cylinder oil separating valve further includes a bottom plate; the valve cylinder and the oil separating cylinder are both disposed on the bottom plate, and the numerical control brake master cylinder oil drain valve oil passage is arranged inside the bottom plate; The oil outlet of the valve core is respectively communicated with the oil inlet of the oil separation cylinder of each of the partial pumps through the oil passage of the oil separation valve of the numerical control brake master cylinder.
  • the high-pressure oil storage barrel includes a barrel, a first baffle, a first spring, and a second baffle; a cavity is provided inside the barrel; the first baffle and the second baffle The first spring is connected to the first baffle and the second baffle at both ends of the first spring, and the first baffle is connected to the inner wall of the cylinder; The expansion and contraction direction of the spring is consistent with the sliding direction of the first baffle plate and the second baffle plate; two ends of the cylinder are respectively provided with an oil storage pipe and a pressure regulating pipe, and the oil storage pipe and the pressure regulating pipe are respectively arranged in the oil storage pipe and the pressure regulating pipe.
  • a first hydraulic rod and a second hydraulic rod connected to the first baffle and the second baffle; a diameter of the oil storage pipe is smaller than a diameter of the pressure regulating pipe;
  • the numerically controlled hydraulic brake device further includes a second switching valve; an oil inlet of the second switching valve is connected to an oil outlet of the one-way oil outlet valve; and an oil outlet of the second switching valve is connected to the oil outlet of the second switching valve.
  • the pressure regulating port is connected; the oil return port of the second conversion valve is connected to the oil return pipe; the second conversion valve is electrically connected to the numerical control system, and the numerical control system controls the conversion opening of the second conversion valve close;
  • the barrel is provided with a first controller and a second controller, and the touch end of the first controller and the touch end of the second controller are both located in the barrel and are respectively located in the first stop.
  • the positions corresponding to the maximum limit stroke and the minimum limit stroke of the plate; the action ends of the first controller and the second controller are located outside the cylinder, and are controlled by a pull wire and the opening and closing of the first switching valve, respectively. And connected to the valve core pull plate.
  • the brake cylinder includes a cylinder, a push rod piston, a push rod, a spring baffle, a second spring, a fixed plate, and a second circlip; one end of the cylinder is provided with an opening, and the other of the cylinder is An oil inlet of the sub-pump connected to the oil outlet of the oil separating cylinder is provided at one end; the push rod piston is slidingly sealed in the cylinder, and the side of the push rod piston facing away from the opening is connected with The cylinder body forms a hydraulic chamber, and the oil inlet of the sub-pump communicates with the hydraulic chamber; one end of the push rod is disposed on a side of the push rod piston facing the opening, and the other end of the push rod A connection seat for connecting a brake pad is provided through the second spring and the fixed plate in sequence; the spring baffle is provided on the push rod; an extension of the opening is provided with an extension portion, and the outside The research department is connected to the fixed plate by bolts, and the two ends of the second spring respectively abut
  • an air bolt is provided at the oil inlet of the sub-pump, and the air bolt is threadedly connected to the oil inlet of the sub-pump; a through hole is provided along the axial direction of the air bolt, and the screw of the air bolt is Opposite sides are provided with air bolt oil inlets that communicate with the through holes, and the oil inlets communicate with the sub-pump oil inlets through the through holes; the top surface of the nut of the air bolt is provided with a thimble A bolt, the blind nut of the thimble bolt is provided with a blind hole along a central axis, air holes communicating with the blind hole are provided on opposite sides of the screw of the thimble bolt, and the air hole and the blind hole are formed T-shaped exhaust hole; the stem of the thimble bolt matches the through hole.
  • the present invention also provides a numerically controlled brake master cylinder oil separating valve, which includes the numerically controlled brake master cylinder oil separating valve, including the master cylinder and a number of sub-pumps corresponding to the number of vehicle brake sub-cylinders;
  • the sub-pump includes oil separation A cylinder and a piston;
  • the piston is arranged in the oil separation cylinder and is in sliding and sealing cooperation with the inner side wall of the oil separation cylinder;
  • the piston divides the oil separation cylinder into a first chamber and a second chamber;
  • the first chamber is provided with an oil inlet of the oil separator cylinder, and the second chamber is provided with an oil outlet of the oil separator cylinder;
  • the master cylinder includes a valve cylinder, a valve core, and a valve core pull plate for connecting a brake cable; the valve core is arranged in the valve cylinder and rotates and cooperates with the inner side wall of the valve cylinder; the valve cylinder
  • the side wall of the valve body is respectively provided with a valve barrel oil inlet and a valve barrel oil return port.
  • One end surface of the valve barrel is provided with a valve barrel oil outlet; the side wall of the valve core is provided with a valve core oil inlet.
  • the valve core oil outlet is connected to the valve core oil inlet at the center of one end surface of the valve core; the valve core oil outlet is located at the valve barrel oil outlet; the brake pull plate It is located outside the valve cylinder and is drivingly connected with the valve core to control the rotation of the valve core; the brake pull plate drives the valve core to rotate to the brake braking state, and the valve core oil inlet is connected with the valve cylinder.
  • the oil port is butt-connected; the brake pull plate drives the valve core to rotate to the brake released state, the valve core oil inlet is in communication with the valve barrel oil return port; the valve core oil outlet is connected to each The oil inlets of the oil separation cylinders of each of the partial pumps are in communication.
  • the invention provides a numerically controlled hydraulic brake device, which improves the brake device, and especially designs a new numerically controlled brake master cylinder oil drain valve structure, so that the numerically controlled hydraulic brake device can completely replace the existing vehicle brake device and improve Safety factor for driving safety and transportation safety.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a numerical control brake master cylinder oil separating valve according to an embodiment
  • Figure 2 is a front view of Figure 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a spool pull plate according to an embodiment
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a valve core according to an embodiment
  • FIG. 5 is a sectional structural schematic view of a valve cylinder according to the embodiment.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of an oil separator in the embodiment
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an oil circuit structure of a NC brake master cylinder oil separating valve of a two-axle vehicle according to an embodiment
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-pressure oil storage barrel described in the embodiment.
  • Figure 9 is a top view of Figure 8.
  • FIG. 10 is a left side view of FIG. 8;
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the high-pressure oil storage barrel described in the embodiment.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a brake cylinder in the embodiment.
  • FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional structural diagram of a cylinder block according to an embodiment
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a fixing plate according to the embodiment.
  • 15 is a schematic diagram of an explosion structure of an air bolt according to the embodiment.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of an air bolt according to the embodiment.
  • 17 is a structural block diagram of a numerically controlled hydraulic brake device according to an embodiment
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of another oil circuit structure of a two-axle vehicle numerically controlled brake master cylinder oil separating valve according to the embodiment.
  • FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram of an oil circuit structure of a numerically controlled brake master cylinder oil separator valve of a three-axle vehicle of the first two, and one after the embodiment;
  • FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram of an oil circuit structure of a control valve of a brake master cylinder of a three-axle vehicle of the first, the second, and the last two;
  • 21 is a schematic diagram of an oil circuit structure of a numerical control brake master cylinder oil drain valve of a four-axle vehicle of the first two and the second two described in the embodiment;
  • 22 is a schematic diagram of an oil circuit structure of a three-axle trailer's numerically controlled brake master cylinder oil separator valve according to the embodiment
  • FIG. 23 is a cross-sectional structural diagram of a first oil storage barrel and a second oil storage barrel described in the embodiment
  • FIG. 24 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the pedal sub-pump according to the embodiment.
  • the reference numbers in the figure are: master cylinder 101, valve cylinder oil return port 102, drain port 103, valve cylinder oil inlet 104, spool pull plate 105, second pressure sensor 106, oil separator outlet 107, and sub-pump 108, bottom plate 109, core body 110, rotating shaft 111, spool oil outlet 112, spool oil inlet 113, round table 114, flat key 115, screw 116, core seal installation groove 117, core seal 118, Pressure bearing 119, first snap spring 120, piston 121, first chamber 122, second chamber 123, oil separator inlet 124, piston seal 125, brake cable adjusting hole 126, key groove 127, screw through hole 128, cylinder 129, cylinder fixing seat 130, oil storage pipe 131, pressure regulating pipe 132, first baffle 133, first spring 134, second baffle 135, first hydraulic rod 136, second hydraulic rod 137, Cylinder block 138, extension 139, fixing plate 140, air bolt 141, push rod 142, spring
  • This embodiment provides a numerically controlled hydraulic brake device, which includes: a numerically controlled system, a hydraulic pump, an oil pipeline, a one-way oil outlet valve, a first switching valve, a numerically controlled brake master cylinder oil dividing valve, and a high-pressure oil storage barrel; as shown in Figure 1 -As shown in Figure 6, the numerical control brake master cylinder oil separation valve includes a master cylinder and a number of sub-pumps corresponding to the number of vehicle brake sub-cylinders; the sub-pump includes an oil separator cylinder and a piston; the piston is arranged in the oil separator cylinder and is connected with the oil separator. The inner wall of the oil cylinder slides and seals. The piston divides the oil separation cylinder into a first chamber and a second chamber.
  • the first chamber is provided with an oil inlet for the oil separation cylinder
  • the second chamber is provided with an oil separation cylinder. mouth.
  • a piston seal ring installation groove is provided along the circumferential direction at the positions near the two ends of the piston, and the piston seal ring is placed in the piston seal ring installation groove, so as to improve the sealing fit between the piston and the inner wall of the oil separator cylinder.
  • the master cylinder includes a valve cylinder, a valve core, and a valve core pull plate for connecting a brake cable.
  • the valve core is arranged in the valve cylinder and rotates and cooperates with the inner wall of the valve cylinder.
  • the side wall of the valve cylinder is provided along the same circumferential direction.
  • Valve cylinder oil inlet and valve cylinder oil return port one end surface of the valve cylinder is provided with a valve cylinder oil outlet; a side wall of the valve core is provided with a valve core oil inlet, and a center position of one end surface of the valve core is provided with the valve core.
  • the oil outlet of the valve plug communicating with the oil port;
  • the oil outlet of the valve plug is located at the oil outlet of the valve barrel;
  • the brake pull plate is located outside the valve barrel and is drivingly connected with the valve core to control the valve core rotation;
  • the brake pull plate drives the valve core to rotate to When the brake is braked, the valve core oil inlet is in communication with the valve cylinder oil inlet;
  • the brake pull plate drives the valve core to rotate to the brake release state, and the valve core oil inlet is in communication with the valve cylinder oil return port;
  • the oil outlet of the first conversion valve is connected to the oil inlet of the one-way oil outlet valve.
  • the oil inlet of the first conversion valve is connected to the hydraulic oil tank through a hydraulic pump.
  • the oil return port of the first conversion valve is connected to the hydraulic oil tank.
  • the oil outlet of the oil outlet valve, the oil outlet of the high-pressure oil storage barrel, and the oil inlet of the valve barrel are connected to each other; the oil outlet of the spool is communicated with the oil inlet of the oil separator barrel of each sub-pump respectively,
  • the oil port is connected with the corresponding brake cylinder;
  • the oil return port of the valve cylinder is connected to the hydraulic oil tank through the oil return pipe;
  • the oil storage port of the high pressure oil storage tank is provided with a first pressure sensor, and the first pressure sensor is electrically connected with the numerical control system.
  • the first pressure sensor and the numerical control system can monitor the pressure at the oil storage port of the high-pressure oil storage barrel.
  • the NC hydraulic brake device based on the above structure, when the NC hydraulic brake device is installed and fixed on the vehicle, the valve core pull plate is connected to the brake cable of the vehicle's brake pedal, and the valve core pull plate is reset to the vehicle.
  • the return mechanism such as a spring is connected.
  • the brake cable pulls the spool pull plate to rotate and drives the spool of the master cylinder of the numerical control brake master cylinder oil separator valve through the spool pull plate, thereby making the spool inlet and the cylinder oil inlet.
  • the port communicates with the oil return port of the valve cylinder, so that the hydraulic oil flows into the brake cylinder through the valve cylinder oil inlet and the valve core oil outlet through the valve cylinder oil inlet, so that the brake cylinder pushes the brake pads to achieve braking.
  • the spool pull causes the reset mechanism such as the reset spring to elastically deform and generate a restoring force.
  • the brake pedal When the brake is released, the brake pedal is reset and the spool pull plate is reset under the restoring force generated by a reset mechanism such as a reset spring, so that the spool inlet and the spool inlet are staggered and return to the spool.
  • the hydraulic oil in the brake cylinder is connected to the hydraulic oil tank through the valve core oil inlet, the valve cylinder oil return port, and the oil return pipe through the oil outlet of the valve core, so that the push rod of the brake cylinder releases the brake pad to realize the vehicle. Normal driving.
  • the numerically controlled hydraulic brake device provided in this embodiment can completely replace the existing vehicle brake device, and realize the vehicle's brake braking and normal driving; and the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil tank can pass through the hydraulic pump through the one-way oil outlet valve at the same time.
  • the pump feeds into the valve cylinder oil inlet and the high-pressure oil storage barrel.
  • the hydraulic oil and pressure of the high-pressure oil storage barrel are pre-stored at the same time as the brake is braked. In this way, when the hydraulic pump fails, the hydraulic pressure of the high-pressure oil storage barrel is pre-stored.
  • the oil and pressure can still control the brake cylinder to complete the braking, thereby improving the safety factor of driving safety and transportation safety.
  • the valve cylinder is provided with a stepped hole having openings at both ends in the direction of the central axis;
  • the valve core includes a core body, a pressure bearing and a first clamping spring;
  • the shape of the core body is a cylindrical shape matching the large aperture section of the stepped hole
  • the two ends of the core are respectively provided with a rotating shaft and a circular table, the table of the circular table is provided with a flat key, and the flat key is provided with a screw;
  • the rotating shaft is matched with the small aperture section of the stepped hole, and the valve core oil inlet is arranged on the side wall of the core.
  • the valve core oil outlet is set on the end surface of the rotating shaft away from the core body; the side of the valve core pull plate facing the flat key is provided with a key groove matching the flat key, and a screw through hole matching the screw is provided in the key groove; the screw The screw through hole passes through the valve core pull plate and is provided with a fastening nut; the first clamping spring is clamped in the groove at the large port of the stepped hole; the radius of the round table is smaller than the radius of the core, and the pressure bearing is sleeved on the round table And the two end surfaces of the pressure bearing respectively abut the end faces of the pressure spring and the core adjacent to the pressure bearing.
  • the assembly limit of the valve core and the pressure bearing is facilitated by the first clamping spring, and the axial movement of the valve core and the pressure bearing during rotation is prevented from sliding out of the large port of the stepped hole;
  • Assembly of pressure bearings; at the same time, the stepped hole setting of the valve cylinder and the setting of the shaft and screw of the valve core are helpful to improve the stability of the rotation of the valve core;
  • the shape of the flat key can be set to waist, oval, or triangle, pentagon And other regular polygons or irregular polygons, so that the spool pull plate and the spool are rotated synchronously by a key connection;
  • the spool pull plate can be fixed to the large port of the stepped hole of the valve cylinder by a screw, which is not only convenient for its connection and fixation, but also It can also play a protective role to prevent dust and other debris from entering the cylinder and affecting the rotation of the valve core, and the pressure bearing can avoid direct contact between the valve core and the first circlip
  • an end of the core body near the circular table is provided with a core seal ring installation groove in a circumferential direction, and the core seal ring is placed in the core seal ring installation groove;
  • the side wall corresponding to the shoulder surface of the stepped hole is also provided with a drain port, and the drain port is connected to the valve barrel oil return port through a drain pipe, so that the setting of the drain port not only enables the stepped hole to be assembled when the valve core is assembled
  • the air inside is discharged from the drain port, which facilitates the assembly of various components in the valve cylinder, and the hydraulic oil entering between the valve core and the inner wall of the valve cylinder can flow into the hydraulic oil tank through the drain pipe through the drain pipe and the valve tank return port.
  • a second pressure sensor is provided at the oil outlet of the oil separation cylinder; the second pressure sensor is electrically connected to the numerical control system, and the numerical control system is electrically connected with a pump failure alarm device;
  • the monitoring signal of the two pressure sensors controls the alarm device of the split pump to give an alarm indication; when the second pressure sensor detects that the pressure at the oil outlet of the oil separator is in a non-pressure state for a long time, it indicates that the oil is discharged from the oil separator.
  • the brake sub-pump connected to the port has oil leakage and other faults, so that the numerical control system can control the alarm device to issue an alarm indication according to the monitoring signal of the second pressure sensor; the alarm indication can remind the driver by sound such as alarm voice, or it can be displayed on the alarm screen Remind the driver.
  • the second pressure sensor may be separately provided with an upper end surface of the oil separation cylinder, and a monitoring end of the second pressure sensor is placed in the second chamber.
  • a hollow bolt is provided at the oil outlet of the oil separator cylinder, and the screw of the hollow bolt is connected to the oil outlet of the oil separator cylinder through a thread structure; the interior of the hollow bolt is provided along the axial direction and There are opening through holes at both ends; the side wall of the hollow bolt is provided with a hollow bolt oil outlet that communicates with the through hole, and the hollow bolt oil outlet communicates with the second chamber through the through hole;
  • the through hole is located at the opening of the nut of the hollow bolt, and the monitoring end of the second pressure sensor is located in the through hole to facilitate the detection of its internal oil pressure; the hollow bolt through this structure not only facilitates the transmission of hydraulic oil, but also makes the first
  • the two pressure sensors can be installed at the end of the hollow bolt, so that the installation space can be better utilized than
  • two screw gaskets are provided on the screw of the hollow bolt, and the two gaskets are respectively located at both ends of the oil outlet of the hollow bolt, so that after the hollow bolt is tightened, the two gaskets can discharge oil from the hollow bolt.
  • the connection tube of the mouth connection is clamped, which is favorable for its sealing and fixing.
  • valve core in this embodiment may also be designed with other structures, for example, the two ends of the core body are respectively provided with a valve core oil outlet and a circular table; the valve core oil outlet is located at the center of the end surface of the core body, and is connected with the cylinder body to output oil.
  • the mouth is opposite; the flat table is provided with a flat key, and the flat key is provided with a screw.
  • the numerical control brake master cylinder oil separator valve further includes a bottom plate; the valve cylinder and the oil separator cylinder are both arranged on the bottom plate, and the numerical control brake master cylinder oil drain valve oil passage is set inside the bottom plate; The port communicates with the oil inlet of each cylinder by the numerical control brake master cylinder oil separator valve oil passage, so as to facilitate the setting of the master cylinder and the subsidiary pump through the base plate, and the master cylinder and each subsidiary pump are set through the base plate.
  • Some NC brake master cylinder oil separation valve oil passages are connected to facilitate the hydraulic oil flow.
  • the sub-pump includes a plurality of pairs of front-wheel sub-pumps, and the branch oil passages connected to the oil outlet of the valve core and the oil inlet of each front-wheel sub-pump are respectively provided with front-wheel sub-pump control valves;
  • the front wheel cylinder pump control valve is electrically connected to the numerical control system.
  • the numerical control system controls the opening and closing of the front wheel cylinder pump control valve. Among them, the number of each pair of front wheel cylinder pumps is two.
  • the sub-pump includes a pair of front-wheel sub-cylinders and a pair of rear-wheel sub-cylinders, and two front-wheel sub-cylinders in a pair of front-wheel sub-cylinders are connected to the valve core oil outlet.
  • the branch oil passages are respectively provided with a front wheel cylinder pump control valve, so that during the turning of the vehicle, the corresponding front wheel cylinder pump control valve can be opened and closed to control the operation of the corresponding brake cylinder pump so that it can be started through the brake device. To assist the turn.
  • the front wheel cylinder control valve for the brake cylinder in front right can be closed to control the branch oil circuit of the front wheel cylinder corresponding to the brake cylinder in front right.
  • the right front wheel keeps driving normally, while the other wheels are in a certain braking state, so that the vehicle is deflected to the left to assist the turn.
  • the oil separating cylinder includes a cylinder body and a cylinder cover, and the cylinder body and the cylinder cover are detachably connected through a thread structure; wherein, in order to facilitate the assembly and disassembly of the cylinder cover and the cylinder body, at least two are provided on the top surface of the cylinder cover. There are two blind holes, so that the removal tool can be used to easily clamp the rotating cylinder cover through the blind hole, and the setting of the adjacent oil separator can be more compact and save space.
  • the high-pressure oil storage barrel in the foregoing embodiment, it includes a cylinder body, a first baffle, a first spring, and a second baffle; There is a cavity; the first baffle and the second baffle are arranged in the cavity and are in sliding and sealing cooperation with the inner side wall of the cylinder respectively; both ends of the first spring are connected to the first baffle and the second baffle, respectively, And the expansion direction of the first spring is consistent with the sliding direction of the first baffle and the second baffle; the two ends of the cylinder are respectively provided with an oil storage pipe and a pressure regulating pipe, and the oil storage pipe and the pressure regulating pipe are respectively provided with the first gear The first hydraulic rod and the second hydraulic rod connected by the plate and the second baffle; the diameter of the oil storage pipe is smaller than the diameter of the pressure regulating pipe.
  • the numerically controlled hydraulic brake device also includes a second switching valve; the oil inlet of the second switching valve is connected to the oil outlet of the one-way valve; the oil output of the second switching valve is connected to the pressure regulating port; The oil return port is connected to the oil return pipe; the second switching valve is electrically connected to the numerical control system, and the numerical control system controls the switching opening and closing of the second switching valve.
  • the cylinder is provided with a first controller and a second controller.
  • the touching end of the first controller and the touching end of the second controller are both located in the barrel and are respectively located at the maximum and minimum strokes of the first baffle.
  • the action ends of the first controller and the second controller are both located outside the cylinder, and are respectively connected to the switch control of the first switching valve and the spool pull plate through a cable.
  • the high-pressure oil storage barrel based on the above structure, as shown in FIG. 17, when the hydraulic oil flows from the oil storage port of the oil storage pipe into the oil storage pipe, the hydraulic oil pushes the piston of the first hydraulic rod along the oil storage tube and is then pushed by the first hydraulic rod.
  • the first baffle moves and compresses the first spring, thereby realizing the pressure pre-stored action.
  • the hydraulic brake fails due to the failure of the hydraulic pump, the first baffle moves under the action of the first spring restoring force and passes the first hydraulic pressure.
  • the piston of the rod moves toward the oil storage port to squeeze out the hydraulic oil in the oil storage tube from the oil storage port, so that the pre-stored pressure is released to compensate the brake oil pressure and ensure that the brake braking is completed normally.
  • the position of the second baffle can be adjusted through the provided second switching valve, pressure regulating pipe and second hydraulic rod to adjust the pre-stored pressure of the high-pressure oil storage tank.
  • the numerical control system controls the opening of the second switching valve, so that the hydraulic oil delivered by the oil outlet of the one-way oil outlet valve can flow into the oil storage pipe while flowing into the pressure regulating pipe through the second switching valve, thereby pushing the second hydraulic rod.
  • the piston moves and then pushes the second baffle through the second hydraulic rod to squeeze the first spring; wherein the diameter of the oil storage pipe is smaller than the diameter of the pressure regulating pipe, so that the oil pressure of the pressure regulating pipe is greater than the oil pressure on the side of the oil storing pipe.
  • the pressure difference exists to realize the adjustment, thereby increasing the pre-stored pressure value of the high-pressure oil storage tank.
  • the numerical control system controls the second switching valve, so that the pressure regulating pipe and the second switching valve return to each other.
  • the oil port is connected, so that the hydraulic oil in the pressure regulating pipe flows into the hydraulic oil tank through the oil return pipe through the oil return port of the second switching valve, so that the pressure in the pressure regulating pipe is reduced and the pre-stored pressure value of the high-pressure oil storage tank is reduced. Pressure relief.
  • the safety of the high-pressure oil storage barrel can be improved by the first switching valve and the first controller connected by a cable, and the spool pull plate and the second controller connected by a cable.
  • the contact end of the first controller is touched to cause the action end of the first controller to pull the pull wire to drive the switch of the first switching valve to pass the hydraulic oil of the hydraulic pump through the first
  • the switching valve flows into the hydraulic oil tank to avoid the safety hazard caused by the oil quantity of the storage pipe exceeding the allowable maximum value; when the first baffle moves to the minimum stroke, the contact end of the second controller is activated to make the second controller act.
  • the end action pulls the pull wire to drive the spool pull plate to rotate, and then drives the spool oil inlet to rotate to the position communicating with the valve barrel oil inlet, which is to maintain the brake state of the brake sub-cylinder to avoid being unable to reach due to too little oil in the oil storage pipe.
  • the oil inlet of the second switching valve may be connected to the hydraulic oil tank through a separately provided hydraulic pump; or, the oil inlet of the second switching valve may be connected to another hydraulic pump through a separately provided hydraulic pump.
  • the second baffle can also be connected with other existing telescopic mechanisms, such as electric telescopic rod, hydraulic telescopic rod or pneumatic telescopic rod, etc., so as to control the advancement of the second baffle through the expansion and contraction of the telescopic mechanism. / Backward.
  • the first switching valve can use the existing electromagnetic switching valve and is electrically connected to the numerical control system; the switching of the first switching valve is controlled by the numerical control system.
  • a fixing seat may be provided at the bottom of the cylinder body.
  • the fixing seat includes two transversely arranged channel steels, and the cross-sectional shape of the channel steel is “ ⁇ ”;
  • the two sections of the bottom plate are provided with bolt holes;
  • the opposite side plates of the channel steel are provided with grooves matching the circular arc surface of the cylinder, thereby improving the firmness of the connection between the cylinder and the fixed seat.
  • the piston of the first hydraulic rod and the piston of the second hydraulic rod are both provided with a sealing cup, so as to improve the sealing performance thereof.
  • this embodiment provides a brake cylinder, which includes a cylinder body, a push rod piston, a push rod, a spring baffle, a second spring, a fixed plate, and a second clamping spring; One end is provided with an opening, and the other end of the cylinder body is provided with a sub-pump oil inlet connected to the oil outlet of the oil separator cylinder; the push rod piston is slidingly sealed in the cylinder body, and the side of the push rod piston facing away from the opening is connected to the cylinder body.
  • a hydraulic chamber is formed, and the oil inlet of the sub-pump communicates with the hydraulic chamber; one end of the push rod is provided on the side of the push rod piston facing the opening, and the other end of the push rod passes through the second spring and the fixed plate in order and is provided for connecting the brake
  • the connection base of the plate; the spring baffle is provided on the push rod; the extension of the opening is provided with an extension part, and the external research part is connected with the fixed plate by bolts, and the two ends of the second spring respectively abut the spring baffle and the fixed plate, and the spring stop
  • the size of the plate is larger than the opening and abuts against the opening; the second clamping spring is disposed at a clamping groove in the opening.
  • the air inlet bolt of the sub-pump is provided with an air bolt, and the air bolt is screw-connected with the oil inlet of the sub-pump; the air bolt is provided with a through hole in the axial direction, and the two sides of the screw of the air bolt are provided with a through hole.
  • the oil inlet of the air bolt that communicates with the hole.
  • the oil inlet communicates with the oil inlet of the sub-pump through the through hole.
  • the top surface of the nut of the air bolt is provided with a thimble bolt.
  • the nut of the thimble bolt is provided with a blind hole along the central axis.
  • the opposite sides of the screw are provided with air holes communicating with the blind holes, and the air holes and the blind holes form a T-shaped exhaust hole; the stem portion of the thimble bolt matches the through hole.
  • the oil outlet provided on the side of the oil nipple communicates with the hydraulic chamber through a through hole; turn the thimble bolt to make the end of the thimble bolt against the back of the nipple and Facilitates the fixing of the grease nipples;
  • the air between the thimble bolts and the grease nipples can be exhausted through the vent holes of the holes to prevent the air pressure in the air from affecting the movement of the thimble bolts, thereby facilitating assembly operations; and
  • the hydraulic oil penetrated between the thimble bolt and the air bolt by the grease nipple can not only play a role of sealing, but also play a role of lubrication to avoid abrasion between components.
  • two bolts are provided on the screw of the air bolt, and the two gaskets are respectively located on both sides of the oil inlet of the air bolt. After the air bolt is tightened, the two seals will be connected to the oil inlet of the air bolt. The connection tube is clamped, which is conducive to its sealing and fixing.
  • a round table is provided on a side of the spring baffle facing the second spring, and a plurality of clips are provided on a side of the fixing plate facing the second spring, and the clips are uniform along the circumferential direction of the through hole of the fixing plate through which the push rod passes.
  • the clip foot includes a rod portion and a protrusion provided on the side of the rod portion facing away from the through hole; the protrusion forms a card slot with the plate surface piece of the fixing plate, It is used for fixing and clamping the second spring.
  • two ends of the plunger piston are provided with a plunger piston seal ring installation groove in a circumferential direction, and a plunger piston is installed in the plunger piston seal ring installation groove.
  • a sealing ring more preferably, a sealing leather bowl is provided on an end surface of the push rod piston facing the hydraulic chamber.
  • an air bolt oil inlet connected to the through hole may be provided only on one side of the screw of the air bolt; similarly, only one side of the screw of the thimble bolt may be provided to communicate with the blind hole. Air hole.
  • this embodiment can adaptively adjust the NC brake master cylinder oil separator valve and oil circuit structure according to the type of vehicle, as follows:
  • FIG. 7 it is a schematic diagram of the oil circuit structure of the oil control valve of the numerical control brake master cylinder of the two axles of the front and rear.
  • the cylinders are divided into a pair of front wheel cylinders and a pair of rear wheel cylinders.
  • the branch oil passages connected to the front oil cylinders of each of the front wheel cylinders and the numerical control brake master cylinder oil outlet of the valve core oil outlet are respectively provided with a front wheel cylinder control valve.
  • the two front wheel cylinders are connected to the oil passage of the NC brake master cylinder oil separator valve oil passage.
  • Each branch oil passage is provided with a front wheel sub-cylinder control valve
  • the branch oil passages of the two rear wheel sub-cylinders and the numerical control brake master cylinder oil valve oil passage are respectively provided with a rear wheel sub-cylinder control valve. .
  • FIG 19 it is a schematic diagram of the oil circuit structure of the three-axle car's numerically controlled brake master cylinder oil drain valve; its branch pump is divided into two pairs of front wheel cylinders and a pair of rear wheel cylinders, and corresponds to Four front wheel cylinders of four wheels of the two front axles are connected to the branch oil ducts of the oil passage of the numerical control brake master cylinder, and the branch oil ducts are respectively provided with a front wheel cylinder control valve; corresponding to a rear axle
  • the two rear wheel cylinders of the two wheels and the valve core oil outlet are in direct communication with the main oil passage of the oil valve of the numerical control brake master cylinder oil separation valve through the branch oil passage.
  • FIG 20 it is a schematic diagram of the oil circuit structure of the three-axle car's numerically controlled brake master cylinder oil drain valve.
  • Its branch pump is divided into a pair of front wheel cylinders and two pairs of rear wheel cylinders, and corresponding One front axle, two front wheel cylinders, two front wheel cylinders, and the oil passage of the NC brake master cylinder, the branch oil ducts of the oil duct are respectively provided with a front wheel cylinder control valve; corresponding to the two rear axles
  • the four rear wheel sub-pumps of the four wheels and the valve core oil outlet are directly connected to the main oil passage of the oil control valve of the numerical control brake master cylinder through the branch oil passage.
  • FIG. 21 it is a schematic diagram of the oil circuit structure of the oil control valve of the numerical control brake master cylinder of the four-axle vehicle of the front two and the rear two; its sub-pump is divided into two pairs of front-wheel sub-cylinders and two pairs of rear-wheel sub-cylinders, and corresponds to Four front wheel cylinders of the four wheels of the two front axles are connected to the branch oil duct of the oil control valve of the numerical control brake master cylinder, and the branch oil passages are respectively provided with a front wheel cylinder control valve; corresponding to two The four rear wheel cylinders of the four wheels of the rear axle and the oil outlet of the valve core are directly connected to the main oil passage of the oil path of the oil control valve of the numerical control brake master cylinder through the branch oil passage.
  • FIG 22 it is a schematic diagram of the oil circuit structure of the NC brake master cylinder oil separator valve of the three-axle trailer;
  • the NC brake master cylinder oil separator valve of the trailer includes three pairs of split pumps corresponding to the three axles of the trailer, and the three pairs of split pumps
  • the six sub-pumps are respectively connected to the main oil passage of the trailer oil separator valve through branch oil passages; the oil inlet of the main oil passage of the trailer oil separator valve is connected to the main oil passage of the oil valve of the numerical control brake master pump oil separator of the tractor. Therefore, when the tractor performs brake braking, the hydraulic oil can flow into the sub-pumps of the tractor at the same time as the sub-pumps of the trailer, thereby completing the braking of the tractor and the trailer.
  • a trailer oil storage barrel is provided at the oil inlet end of the main oil passage of the trailer oil separation valve, and the high pressure oil storage barrel is connected to the oil passage of the trailer oil separation valve through a high pressure oil storage barrel control valve;
  • the main oil passage of the oil sump of the oil drain valve of the brake master cylinder is provided with a trailer branch oil passage for connecting the trailer oil separation valve main oil passage, and the trailer branch oil passage is provided with a trailer branch oil storage tank.
  • the structure of the trailer oil storage barrel and the trailer branch oil passage oil storage barrel are the same.
  • the barrel body is provided with a piston that slidingly cooperates with the side wall of the barrel body, and the piston separates the cavity in the barrel to form an independent upper seal chamber and a lower one. Sealed chamber; upper and lower ends of the barrel are provided with upper and lower openings respectively, the lower opening of the trailer branch oil passage oil storage barrel is connected to the trailer branch oil passage, and the upper opening of the trailer branch oil storage barrel is through the oil pipe It is connected with the upper opening of the trailer oil storage barrel, and the lower opening of the trailer oil storage barrel is connected with the main oil passage of the trailer oil separation valve.
  • the lower sealed chamber of the trailer oil storage barrel and the upper sealed chamber of the trailer branch oil passage oil storage passage are both provided with a return spring, which facilitates the return of the piston to the initial state; when the piston of the trailer oil storage barrel moves downward, the piston The return spring in the lower seal chamber is compressed; when the piston of the trailer oil branch oil tank moves upward, the piston compresses the return spring in the upper seal chamber.
  • the initial state the piston of the trailer oil storage tank is located at the upper end surface of the barrel body, and the lower seal chamber is filled with hydraulic oil; the piston of the trailer branch oil storage tank is located at the lower end surface of the barrel body, and the upper seal chamber Filled with hydraulic oil.
  • the high-pressure oil tank control valve is opened, so that the pre-stored oil pressure of the high-pressure oil tank is released.
  • the respective sub-pumps of the trailer are used to push the corresponding brake sub-pumps to achieve brake braking; at the same time, the pistons of the trailer oil storage tank and the trailer branch oil passage oil storage tank are restored to their initial positions to prevent leakage of hydraulic oil in the barrel. .
  • the high-pressure oil storage barrel of the trailer can be a high-pressure oil storage barrel of an existing structure, or a high-pressure oil storage barrel of another structure.
  • the high-pressure oil storage barrel includes a cylinder with a cavity inside, and the inside of the cylinder is provided with the inside of the cylinder.
  • the wall sliding seal cooperates with the baffle, and the baffle separates the cavity into two mutually independent chambers; one of the chambers is a hydraulic chamber, and the other chamber is provided with a spring; the cylinder is arranged near one end face of the hydraulic chamber.
  • the NC brake master cylinder oil separator valve of the tractor is equipped with a master control valve.
  • the master control valve is located downstream of the branch oil passage of the trailer and upstream of the branch oil passage of the front wheel sub-cylinder, so as to pass the master control valve.
  • the main control valve is electrically connected to the numerical control system.
  • the NC brake master cylinder oil drain valve further includes a pedal cylinder; as shown in FIG. 24, the pedal cylinder includes a cylinder, a piston, and a third spring; the piston is slidingly sealed in the cylinder and separates the cylinder.
  • the upper chamber and the lower chamber are formed independently; the third spring is disposed in the lower chamber, and the two ends of the third spring are respectively connected to the piston and the cylinder; the upper end and the lower end of the cylinder are respectively provided with oil outlets and
  • the oil inlet is in communication with the main oil passage of the NC brake master cylinder oil separator valve.
  • the oil outlet is connected with the brake pedal hydraulic lever at the brake pedal; the telescopic end of the hydraulic lever of the brake pedal is connected with the brake pedal.
  • the pedal sub-pump based on the above structure, when the brake pedal is actuated, hydraulic oil flows into the sub-pumps at the same time as the sub-pumps, thereby pushing the piston to move upward, compressing the third spring, and pressing the hydraulic oil pressure in the upper chamber. Enter the brake pedal hydraulic lever to generate a certain amount of resistance to make the driver feel the pedaling feeling and avoid the feeling of emptying; after releasing the pedal, the pedal is reset by the original reset mechanism, and the piston is under the force of the third spring The reset causes the piston to move downward, so that the hydraulic oil in the lower chamber flows into the hydraulic oil tank together with the hydraulic oil of each sub-pump.

Abstract

一种数控液压刹车装置，包括数控系统、液压泵、单向出油阀、第一转换阀、数控刹车总泵分油阀以及高压储油桶（168）；数控刹车总泵分油阀包括总泵（101）和与车辆刹车分泵数量一一对应的分泵（108）；分泵（108）包括分油筒和活塞（121）；总泵（101）包括阀筒、阀芯以及用于连接刹车拉线的阀芯拉板（105）；刹车拉板带动阀芯转动至刹车制动状态，阀芯进油口（113）与阀筒进油口（104）对接连通；刹车拉板带动阀芯转动至刹车松开状态，阀芯进油口（113）与阀筒回油口（102）对接连通。该数控液压刹车装置，对刹车装置进行了改进，重新设计了数控刹车总泵分油阀结构，使得该数控液压刹车装置可以完全取代现有的车辆刹车装置，并提高驾驶安全和运输安全的安全系数。

Description

数控液压刹车装置 技术领域
本发明属于刹车系统技术领域，具体而言，涉及一种数控液压刹车装置。
背景技术
汽车作为一种交通和货物运输工具，已经越来越广泛地深入到人们的日常生活中；同时，汽车刹车作为汽车安全行驶的一种保障，其不可或缺。但是，在汽车刹车装置失灵后，没有其他保障措施应对该情况的发生，其将严重影响车上人员的生命安全和货物运输安全。
针对于上述情况，本申请的申请人于申请号为CN201610270429.1的中国专利中发明创造了“一种汽车刹车液压辅助装置及分油阀”，其作为辅助装置需结合现有汽车的刹车装置配合使用，而不能完全取代现有汽车的刹车装置单独使用。
发明内容
为了解决上述问题，本申请提供了一种数控液压刹车装置，申请人对其在先申请的技术进行了改进，尤其是对数控刹车总泵分油阀进行了从新设计，从而使其可以完全取代现有汽车的刹车装置而单独使用，并提高了车辆驾驶安全以及运输安全的安全系数。
本发明所采用的技术方案为：
一种数控液压刹车装置，包括数控系统、液压泵、单向出油阀、第一转换阀、数控刹车总泵分油阀以及高压储油桶；所述数控刹车总泵分油阀包括总泵和与车辆刹车分泵数量一一对应的分泵；所述分泵包括分油筒和活塞；所述活塞设置于所述分油筒内，并与所述分油筒的内侧壁滑动密封配合，所述活塞将所述分油筒分隔形成第一腔室和第二腔室；所述第一腔室设置有分油筒进油口，所述第二腔室设置有分油筒出油口；
所述总泵包括阀筒、阀芯以及用于连接刹车拉线的阀芯拉板；所述阀芯设 置于所述阀筒内，并与所述阀筒内侧壁转动密封配合；所述阀筒的侧壁沿同一周向分别设置有阀筒进油口和阀筒回油口，所述阀筒的一端面设置有阀筒出油口；所述阀芯的侧壁设置有阀芯进油口，所述阀芯一端面中心设置有与所述阀芯进油口连通的阀芯出油口；所述阀芯出油口位于所述阀筒出油口处；所述刹车拉板位于所述阀筒外并与阀芯传动连接，控制所述阀芯转动；所述刹车拉板带动所述阀芯转动至刹车制动状态，所述阀芯进油口与所述阀筒进油口对接连通；所述刹车拉板带动所述阀芯转动至刹车松开状态，所述阀芯进油口与所述阀筒回油口对接连通；
所述第一转换阀的出油口与所述单向出油阀的进油口连接，所述第一转换阀的进油口通过所述液压泵与液压油箱连接，所述第一转换阀的回油口与液压油箱连接；所述单向出油阀的出油口、所述高压储油桶的储油口、所述阀筒进油口相互连接；所述阀芯出油口分别与每个所述分泵的所述分油筒进油口连通，所述分油筒出油口与相应的所述刹车分泵连接；所述阀筒回油口通过回油管与所述液压油箱连接；所述高压储油桶的储油口处设置有第一压力传感器，所述第一压力传感器与所述数控系统电连接。
进一步，所述分油筒出油口处设置有第二压力传感器；所述第二压力传感器与所述数控系统电连接，且所述数控系统电连接有分泵故障报警装置；所述数控系统根据所述第二压力传感器的监测信号控制所述分泵故障报警装置进行报警指示。
进一步，所述阀筒沿中心轴线方向设置有两端具有开口的阶梯孔；所述阀芯包括芯体、压力轴承和第一卡簧；所述芯体的形状为与所述阶梯孔的大孔径段相匹配的圆柱状；所述芯体的两端面分别设置有转轴和圆台，所述圆台的台面设置有平键，所述平键设置有螺杆；所述转轴与所述阶梯孔的小孔径段相匹配，所述阀芯进油口设置于所述芯体的侧壁，所述阀芯出油口设置于所述转轴远离所述芯体的一端面；所述阀芯拉板面向所述平键的一面设置有与所述平键相匹配的键槽，且所述键槽内设置有与所述螺杆相匹配的螺杆通孔；所述螺杆通过所述螺杆通孔穿过所述阀芯拉板并设置有紧固螺母；所述第一卡簧卡设于 所述阶梯孔的大端口处的卡槽内；所述圆台的半径小于所述芯体的半径，所述压力轴承套设于所述圆台的外侧，且所述压力轴承的两端面分别抵住所述压簧和所述芯体的临近所述压力轴承的端面。
进一步，所述阀筒对应于所述阶梯孔的肩面的侧壁处还设置有排空口，且所述排空口通过排空管与所述阀筒回油口连接。
进一步，所述分泵包括若干对前轮分泵，且所述阀芯出油口与每个所述前轮分泵的所述分油筒进油口连接的分支油道均分别设置有前轮分泵控制阀；所述前轮分泵控制阀与所述数控系统电连接，所述数控系统控制所述前轮分泵控制阀的开闭。
进一步，所述数控刹车总泵分油阀还包括底板；所述阀筒以及所述分油筒均设置于所述底板上，且所述底板内部设置有数控刹车总泵分油阀油道；所述阀芯出油口通过所述数控刹车总泵分油阀油道分别与每个所述分泵的所述分油筒进油口连通。
进一步，所述高压储油桶包括筒体、第一挡板、第一弹簧以及第二挡板；所述筒体的内部设置有空腔；所述第一挡板和所述第二挡板设置于所述空腔内，并分别与所述筒体的内侧壁滑动密封配合；所述第一弹簧的两端分别与所述第一挡板和第二挡板连接，且所述第一弹簧的伸缩方向与所述第一挡板和所述第二挡板的滑动方向一致；所述筒体的两端分别设置有储油管和调压管，所述储油管和调压管内分别设置有与所述第一挡板和所述第二挡板连接的第一液压杆和第二液压杆；所述储油管的管径小于所述调压管的管径；
所述数控液压刹车装置还包括第二转换阀；所述第二转换阀的进油口与所述单向出油阀的出油口连接；所述第二转换阀的出油口与所述调压口连接；所述第二转换阀的回油口与所述回油管连接；所述第二转换阀与所述数控系统电连接，所述数控系统控制所述第二转换阀的转换开闭；
所述筒体设置有第一控制器和第二控制器，所述第一控制器的触碰端和所述第二控制器的触碰端均位于筒体内，并分别位于所述第一挡板的最大限定行程和最小限定行程所对应的位置处；所述第一控制器和所述第二控制器的动作 端均位于筒体外，并分别通过拉线与所述第一转换阀的开关控制和所述阀芯拉板连接。
进一步，所述刹车分泵包括缸体、推杆活塞、推杆、弹簧挡板、第二弹簧、固定板和第二卡簧；所述缸体的一端设置有开口，所述缸体的另一端设置与所述分油筒出油口连接的分泵进油口；所述推杆活塞滑动密封设置于所述缸体内，且所述推杆活塞的背离所述开口的一侧与所述缸体形成液压室，所述分泵进油口与所述液压室连通；所述推杆的一端设置于所述推杆活塞的朝向所述开口的一侧，所述推杆的另一端依次穿过所述第二弹簧和所述固定板并设置有用于连接刹车片的连接座；所述弹簧挡板设置于所述推杆上；所述开口的外延设置有外延部，所述外研部通过螺栓与所述固定板连接，所述第二弹簧的两端分别抵住所述弹簧挡板和所述固定板，所述弹簧挡板的尺寸大于所述开口并抵于所述开口处；所述第二卡簧设置于所述开口内的卡槽处。
进一步，所述分泵进油口设置有空气螺栓，且所述空气螺栓与所述分泵进油口螺纹连接；所述空气螺栓沿轴线方向设置有通孔，且所述空气螺栓的螺杆的相对两侧设置有与所述通孔连通的空气螺栓进油口，所述进油口通过所述通孔与所述分泵进油口连通；所述空气螺栓的螺帽顶面设置有顶针螺栓，所述顶针螺栓的螺帽沿中心轴线设置有盲孔，所述顶针螺栓的螺杆的相对两侧设置有与所述盲孔连通的空气孔，且所述空气孔与所述盲孔形成T形排气孔；所述顶针螺栓的杆部与所述通孔匹配。
本发明还提供了一种数控刹车总泵分油阀，其包括所述数控刹车总泵分油阀包括总泵和与车辆刹车分泵数量一一对应的分泵；所述分泵包括分油筒和活塞；所述活塞设置于所述分油筒内，并与所述分油筒的内侧壁滑动密封配合，所述活塞将所述分油筒分隔形成第一腔室和第二腔室；所述第一腔室设置有分油筒进油口，所述第二腔室设置有分油筒出油口；
所述总泵包括阀筒、阀芯以及用于连接刹车拉线的阀芯拉板；所述阀芯设置于所述阀筒内，并与所述阀筒内侧壁转动密封配合；所述阀筒的侧壁沿同一周向分别设置有阀筒进油口和阀筒回油口，所述阀筒的一端面设置有阀筒出油 口；所述阀芯的侧壁设置有阀芯进油口，所述阀芯一端面中心位置设置有与所述阀芯进油口连通的阀芯出油口；所述阀芯出油口位于所述阀筒出油口处；所述刹车拉板位于所述阀筒外并与阀芯传动连接，控制所述阀芯转动；所述刹车拉板带动所述阀芯转动至刹车制动状态，所述阀芯进油口与所述阀筒进油口对接连通；所述刹车拉板带动所述阀芯转动至刹车松开状态，所述阀芯进油口与所述阀筒回油口对接连通；所述阀芯出油口分别与每个所述分泵的所述分油筒进油口连通。
本发明的有益效果：
本发明提供了一种数控液压刹车装置，对刹车装置进行了改进，尤其是从新设计了数控刹车总泵分油阀结构，使得该数控液压刹车装置可以完全取代现有的车辆刹车装置，并提高驾驶安全和运输安全的安全系数。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是实施例中所述的数控刹车总泵分油阀的结构示意图；
图2是图1的正视图；
图3是实施例中所述的阀芯拉板的结构示意图；
图4是实施例中所述的阀芯的结构示意图；
图5是实施例中所述的阀筒的剖视图结构示意图；
图6是实施例中所述的分油筒的剖视结构示意图；
图7是实施例中所述的两桥车的数控刹车总泵分油阀的油路结构示意图；
图8是实施例中所述的高压储油桶的结构示意图；
图9是图8的俯视图；
图10是图8的左视图；
图11是实施例中所述的高压储油桶的剖视结构示意图；
图12是实施例中所述的刹车分泵的结构示意图；
图13是实施例中所述的缸体的剖视结构示意图；
图14是实施例中所述的固定板的结构示意图；
图15是实施例中所述的空气螺栓的爆炸结构示意图；
图16是实施例中所述的空气螺栓的剖视结构示意图；
图17是实施例中所述的数控液压刹车装置的结构框图；
图18是实施例中所述的两桥车的数控刹车总泵分油阀的其他油路结构示意图；
图19是实施例中所述的前二后一的三桥车的数控刹车总泵分油阀的油路结构示意图；
图20是实施例中所述的前一后二的三桥车的数控刹车总泵分油阀的油路结构示意图；
图21是实施例中所述的前二后二的四桥车的数控刹车总泵分油阀的油路结构示意图；
图22是实施例中所述的三桥挂车的数控刹车总泵分油阀的油路结构示意图；
图23是实施例中所述的第一储油桶和第二储油桶的剖视结构示意图；
图24是实施例中所述的踏板分泵的剖视结构示意图。
图中标号为：总泵101，阀筒回油口102，排空口103，阀筒进油口104，阀芯拉板105，第二压力传感器106，分油筒出油口107，分泵108，底板109，芯体110，转轴111，阀芯出油口112，阀芯进油口113，圆台114，平键115，螺杆116，芯体密封圈安装槽117，芯体密封圈118，压力轴承119，第一卡簧120，活塞121，第一腔室122，第二腔室123，分油筒进油口124，活塞密封圈125，刹车拉线调节孔126，键槽127，螺杆通孔128，筒体129，筒体固定座130，储油管131，调压管132，第一挡板133，第一弹簧134，第二挡板135，第一液压杆136，第二液压杆137，缸体138，外延部139，固定板140，空气螺栓141，推杆142，弹簧挡板143，第二弹簧144，连接座145，推杆活塞146， 推杆活塞密封圈147，液压室148，分泵进油口149，第二卡簧150，空气螺栓进油口151，顶针螺栓152，盲孔153，空气孔154，通孔155，密封垫156，卡脚157，螺栓孔158，前轮分泵159，后轮分泵160，前轮分泵控制阀161，数控刹车总泵分油阀油道162，牵引车163，挂车164，挂车分油阀总油道165，挂车储油桶166，高压储油桶控制阀167，高压储油桶168，挂车分支油道储油桶169，踏板分泵170，第三弹簧171，总控阀172。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将对本发明的技术方案进行详细的描述。显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动的前提下所得到的所有其它实施方式，都属于本发明所保护的范围。
实施例1
本实施例提供了一种数控液压刹车装置，其包括：数控系统、液压泵、输油管、单向出油阀、第一转换阀、数控刹车总泵分油阀以及高压储油桶；如图1-图6所示，数控刹车总泵分油阀包括总泵和与车辆刹车分泵数量一一对应的分泵；分泵包括分油筒和活塞；活塞设置于分油筒内，并与分油筒的内侧壁滑动密封配合，活塞将分油筒分隔形成第一腔室和第二腔室；第一腔室设置有分油筒进油口，第二腔室设置有分油筒出油口。优选地，活塞的靠近两端的位置沿周向设置有活塞密封圈安装槽，活塞密封圈置于活塞密封圈安装槽内，从而有利于提高活塞与分油筒的内侧壁的密封配合。
总泵包括阀筒、阀芯以及用于连接刹车拉线的阀芯拉板；阀芯设置于阀筒内，并与阀筒内侧壁转动密封配合；阀筒的侧壁沿同一周向分别设置有阀筒进油口和阀筒回油口，阀筒的一端面设置有阀筒出油口；阀芯的侧壁设置有阀芯进油口，阀芯一端面中心位置设置有与阀芯进油口连通的阀芯出油口；阀芯出油口位于阀筒出油口处；刹车拉板位于阀筒外并与阀芯传动连接，控制阀芯转动；刹车拉板带动阀芯转动至刹车制动状态，阀芯进油口与阀筒进油口对接连通；刹车拉板带动阀芯转动至刹车松开状态，阀芯进油口与阀筒回油口对接连 通；
第一转换阀的出油口与单向出油阀的进油口连接，第一转换阀的进油口通过液压泵与液压油箱连接，第一转换阀的回油口与液压油箱连接；单向出油阀的出油口、高压储油桶的储油口、阀筒进油口相互连接；阀芯出油口分别与每个分泵的分油筒进油口连通，分油筒出油口与相应的刹车分泵连接；阀筒回油口通过回油管与液压油箱连接；高压储油桶的储油口处设置有第一压力传感器，第一压力传感器与数控系统电连接，通过第一压力传感器以及数控系统可以监测高压储油桶的储油口处的压力。
基于上述结构的数控液压刹车装置，安装使用时将数控液压刹车装置安装固定于车辆后将阀芯拉板与车辆的刹车踏板的刹车拉线连接，同时将阀芯拉板与设置于车辆上的复位弹簧等复位机构连接。
在刹车处于制动状态时，刹车拉线拉动阀芯拉板转动并通过阀芯拉板带动数控刹车总泵分油阀的总泵的阀芯转动，进而使得阀芯进油口与阀筒进油口连通而与阀筒回油口错开，从而液压油通过阀筒进油口依次经阀芯进油口、阀芯出油口流入刹车分泵，使得刹车分泵推动刹车片实现刹车制动；同时，刹车拉线拉动阀芯拉板的过程中阀芯拉板使得复位弹簧等复位机构发生弹性形变而产生回复力。
在刹车处于松开状态时，刹车踏板复位的同时阀芯拉板在复位弹簧等复位机构产生的回复力作用下复位，使得阀芯进油口与阀筒进油口错开而与阀筒回油口连通，从而刹车分泵中的液压油通过阀芯出油口依次经阀芯进油口、阀筒回油口以及回油管流入液压油箱，使得刹车分泵的推杆松开刹车片实现车辆的正常行驶。
因此，本实施例所提供的数控液压刹车装置可以完全取代现有的车辆刹车装置，实现车辆的刹车制动与正常行驶；并且，液压油箱内的液压油通过液压泵经单向出油阀同时泵向阀筒进油口和高压储油桶，在完成刹车制动的同时完成高压储油桶的液压油和压力预存，这样，在液压泵等出现故障时，预存与高压储油桶的液压油及压力在刹车过程中仍可控制刹车分泵完成刹车，从而提高 驾驶安全和运输安全的安全系数。
具体地，阀筒沿中心轴线方向设置有两端具有开口的阶梯孔；阀芯包括芯体、压力轴承和第一卡簧；芯体的形状为与阶梯孔的大孔径段相匹配的圆柱状；芯体的两端面分别设置有转轴和圆台，圆台的台面设置有平键，平键设置有螺杆；转轴与阶梯孔的小孔径段相匹配，阀芯进油口设置于芯体的侧壁，阀芯出油口设置于转轴远离芯体的一端面；阀芯拉板面向平键的一面设置有与平键相匹配的键槽，且键槽内设置有与螺杆相匹配的螺杆通孔；螺杆通过螺杆通孔穿过阀芯拉板并设置有紧固螺母；第一卡簧卡设于阶梯孔的大端口处的卡槽内；圆台的半径小于芯体的半径，压力轴承套设于圆台的外侧，且压力轴承的两端面分别抵住压簧和芯体的临近压力轴承的端面。
基于上总泵结构，通过第一卡簧便于阀芯以及压力轴承的装配限位，避免阀芯以及压力轴承在转动过程中的轴向移动而从阶梯孔的大端口处滑出；通过圆台便于压力轴承的装配；同时，阀筒的阶梯孔设置以及阀芯的转轴和螺杆设置，有利于提高阀芯转动的稳定性；其中平键的形状可以设置为腰形、椭圆形或者是三角形、五角形等规则多边形或者不规则的多边形，从而通过键连接使阀芯拉板与阀芯同步转动；通过螺杆可以将阀芯拉板固定于阀筒阶梯孔的大端口处，不仅便于其连接固定，而且还可以起到防护作用，避免灰尘等杂物进入筒体内而影响阀芯的转动，并且通过压力轴承可以避免阀芯与第一卡簧直接接触而减小其间转动摩擦力，有利于阀芯以及阀芯拉板的转动。
优选地，为了提高芯体与阀筒的密封配合效果，芯体的靠近圆台的一端沿周向设置芯体密封圈安装槽，并将芯体密封圈置于芯体密封圈安装槽；阀筒对应于阶梯孔的肩面的侧壁还设置有排空口，且排空口通过排空管与阀筒回油口连接，从而通过排空口的设置不仅可以使阀芯装配时将阶梯孔内的空气从排空口排出，有利于阀筒中各部件的装配，而且进入阀芯与阀筒内侧壁间的液压油可以通过排空口经排空管和阀筒回油口流入液压油箱内。
作为本实施例的一种优选方案，分油筒出油口处设置有第二压力传感器；第二压力传感器与数控系统电连接，且数控系统电连接有分泵故障报警装置； 数控系统根据第二压力传感器的监测信号控制分泵故障报警装置进行报警指示；其中，当第二压力传感器监测到分油筒出油口处的压力长时间处于无压力状态时，说明与该分油筒出油口连接的刹车分泵发生漏油等故障，从而使得数控系统可以根据第二压力传感器的监测信号控制报警装置发出报警指示；报警指示可以通过报警语音等声音提醒驾驶者，也可以通过报警屏幕显示提醒驾驶者。
作为第二压力传感器的一种设置方式，第二压力传感器也可以单独设置有分油筒的上端面，且第二压力传感器的监测端置于第二腔室内。作为第二压力传感器的另一种优选设置方式，分油筒出油口设置有中空螺栓，中空螺栓的螺杆通过螺纹结构与分油筒出油口连接；中空螺栓内部为沿轴线方向设置有且两端具有开口的通孔；中空螺栓的侧壁设置有与通孔连通的中空螺栓出油口，且中空螺栓出油口通过通孔与第二腔室连通；上述第二压力传感器密封设置于通孔位于中空螺栓的螺帽的孔口处，且第二压力传感器的监测端位于通孔内，以便于检测其内部油压；通过该结构的中空螺栓不仅便于液压油的输送，而且使得第二压力传感器可以设置于中空螺栓的端部，从而相较于上述设置方式可以更好地利用设置空间。
更优地，中空螺栓的螺杆上设置有两个密封垫，且两个密封垫分别位于中空螺栓出油口的两端，这样在将中空螺栓拧紧后两个密封垫可以将与中空螺栓出油口连接的连接管夹紧，有利于其密封固定。
本实施例中的阀芯还可以设计为其他结构，例如芯体的两端面分别设置有阀芯出油口和圆台；阀芯出油口位于芯体端面的中心位置，并与筒体出油口相对；圆台的台面设置有平键，平键设置有螺杆。
作为上述优选方案的进步优化，数控刹车总泵分油阀还包括底板；阀筒以及分油筒均设置于底板上，且底板内部设置有数控刹车总泵分油阀油道；阀芯出油口通过数控刹车总泵分油阀油道分别与每个分泵的分油筒进油口连通，从而通过底板便于总泵和分泵的设置，并且总泵和每个分泵通过底板内设置有的数控刹车总泵分油阀油道连通，便于液压油的输送流动。
更优选地，分泵包括若干对前轮分泵，且阀芯出油口与每个前轮分泵的分油筒进油口连接的分支油道均分别设置有前轮分泵控制阀；前轮分泵控制阀与数控系统电连接，数控系统控制前轮分泵控制阀的开闭；其中，每对前轮分泵的数量为2个。
如图7所示，本实施例中，分泵包括一对前轮分泵和一对后轮分泵，且一对前轮分泵中的两个前轮分泵与阀芯出油口连接的分支油道分别设置有一个前轮分泵控制阀，从而在车辆转弯过程中，可以通过控制相应前轮分泵控制阀的开闭进而控制相应刹车分泵的工作使其通过刹车装置可以起到辅助转弯的作用。
例如在车辆进行左转弯时，可以通过控制对于右前方的刹车分泵的前轮分泵控制阀关闭，从而使得与右前方的刹车分泵对应的前轮分泵的分支油路阻断，这样在转弯进行刹车操作时，右前方车轮保持正常行驶，而其他车轮则处于一定的制动状态，从而使得车辆向左侧偏转而起到辅助转弯的作用。
本实施例中，分油筒包括筒身和筒盖，且筒身和筒盖通过螺纹结构可拆卸连接；其中，为了便于筒盖和筒身的装配拆卸，筒盖的顶面设置有至少两个盲孔，从而通过盲孔便于拆卸工具卡接转动筒盖，并且使得相邻的分油筒的设置更加紧凑，节约空间。
实施例3
如图8-图11所示，作为上述实施例中的高压储油桶的一种具体结构，其包括包括筒体、第一挡板、第一弹簧以及第二挡板；筒体的内部设置有空腔；第一挡板和第二挡板设置于空腔内，并分别与筒体的内侧壁滑动密封配合；第一弹簧的两端分别与第一挡板和第二挡板连接，且第一弹簧的伸缩方向与第一挡板和第二挡板的滑动方向一致；筒体的两端分别设置有储油管和调压管，储油管和调压管内分别设置有与第一挡板和第二挡板连接的第一液压杆和第二液压杆；储油管的管径小于调压管的管径。
数控液压刹车装置还包括第二转换阀；第二转换阀的进油口与单向出油阀的出油口连接；第二转换阀的出油口与调压口连接；第二转换阀的回油口与回 油管连接；第二转换阀与数控系统电连接，数控系统控制第二转换阀的转换开闭。
筒体设置有第一控制器和第二控制器，第一控制器的触碰端和第二控制器的触碰端均位于筒体内，并分别位于第一挡板的最大限定行程和最小限定行程所对应的位置处；第一控制器和第二控制器的动作端均位于筒体外，并分别通过拉线与第一转换阀的开关控制和阀芯拉板连接。
基于上述结构的高压储油桶，如图17所示，当液压油从储油管的储油口流入储油管时，液压油推动第一液压杆的活塞沿储油管移动进而通过第一液压杆推动第一挡板移动并压缩第一弹簧，从而实现压力预存动作；当液压泵出现故障等导致油路刹车压力不足时，第一挡板在第一弹簧回复力的作用下移动并通过第一液压杆的活塞向储油口移动而将储油管内的液压油从储油口挤出，从而使预存压力释放以补偿刹车油压保证刹车制动正常完成。
同时，通过设置的第二转换阀、调压管和第二液压杆可以对第二挡板的位置进行调节进而实现高压储油桶预存压力的调节，当需要增大高压储油桶的预存压力值时，数控系统控制打开第二转换阀，使得单向出油阀出油口输送的液压油在流入储油管的同时还可以经第二转换阀流入调压管，从而推动第二液压杆的活塞移动进而通过第二液压杆推动第二挡板移动挤压第一弹簧；其中，由于储油管的管径小于调压管的管径使得调压管油压大于储油管一侧的油压而存在压差实现调节，进而提高高压储油桶的预存压力值；当需要减小高压储油桶的预存压力值时，数控系统控制第二转换阀，使得调压管与第二转换阀的回油口连通，从而调压管内的液压油通过第二转换阀回油口经回油管流入液压油箱中，使调压管内的压力减小进而降低高压储油桶的预存压力值，实现泄压。
并且，通过拉线连接的第一转换阀与第一控制器以及通过拉线连接的阀芯拉板和第二控制器，可以提高高压储油桶的安全性。当第一挡板移动至最大行程处时，触动第一控制器的触碰端而使第一控制器的动作端动作拉动拉线而带动第一转换阀的开关使液压泵的液压油通过第一转换阀流入液压油箱，避免储油管油量超过容许的最大值而产生安全隐患；当第一挡板移动至最小行程处时， 触动第二控制器的触碰端而使第二控制器的动作端动作拉动拉线而带动阀芯拉板转动，进而带动阀芯进油口转动至与阀筒进油口连通的位置，是刹车分泵保持刹车状态，避免因储油管油量太少而不能达到刹车所需油压所产生的安全隐患。
本实施例中，作为其他变形结构，第二转换阀的进油口还可以通过单独设置的液压泵与液压油箱连接；或者，第二转换阀的进油口通过另外单独设置的液压泵与另外单独设置的液压油箱连接；或者，第二挡板也可以连接其他现有的伸缩机构，如电动伸缩杆、液压伸缩杆或气压伸缩杆等，从而通过伸缩机构的伸缩控制第二挡板的前进/后退。同时，作为第一转换阀的其他控制方式，第一转换阀可以选用现有的电磁转换阀，并于数控系统电连接；通过数控系统控制第一转换阀的转换开闭。
本实施例中，为了便于高压储油桶的固定可以在筒体的底部设置固定座；具体地，固定座包括两个横向设置的槽钢，槽钢的截面形状为“凵”形；槽钢底板的两段式设置有螺栓孔；槽钢相对的两侧板设置有与筒体圆弧面想匹配的凹槽，从而提高缸筒与固定座连接的牢固性。优选地，第一液压杆的活塞和第二液压杆的活塞均设置有密封皮碗，从而提高其密封性能。
实施例4
如图12-16所示，本实施例提供了一种刹车分泵，其包括缸体、推杆活塞、推杆、弹簧挡板、第二弹簧、固定板和第二卡簧；缸体的一端设置有开口，缸体的另一端设置与分油筒出油口连接的分泵进油口；推杆活塞滑动密封设置于缸体内，且推杆活塞的背离开口的一侧与缸体形成液压室，分泵进油口与液压室连通；推杆的一端设置于推杆活塞的朝向开口的一侧，推杆的另一端依次穿过第二弹簧和固定板并设置有用于连接刹车片的连接座；弹簧挡板设置于推杆上；开口的外延设置有外延部，外研部通过螺栓与固定板连接，第二弹簧的两端分别抵住弹簧挡板和固定板，弹簧挡板的尺寸大于开口并抵于开口处；第二卡簧设置于开口内的卡槽处。
基于上述结构的刹车分泵，当刹车制动时，液压油通过分泵进油口进入液 压室后通过推杆活塞推动推杆移动，使得连接座推动刹车片实现刹车，弹簧挡板随着推杆移动挤压第二弹簧而产生回复力；当刹车松开时，弹簧挡板在第二弹簧的回复力的作用下回复移动，使得连接座带动刹车片而使刹车松开，推杆推动推杆活塞移动挤压液压室，使液压室的液压油从分泵进油口流出而便于进行下次刹车动作。
其中，优选地，分泵进油口设置有空气螺栓，且空气螺栓与分泵进油口螺纹连接；空气螺栓沿轴线方向设置有通孔，且空气螺栓的螺杆的相对两侧设置有与通孔连通的空气螺栓进油口，进油口通过通孔与分泵进油口连通；空气螺栓的螺帽顶面设置有顶针螺栓，顶针螺栓的螺帽沿中心轴线设置有盲孔，顶针螺栓的螺杆的相对两侧设置有与盲孔连通的空气孔，且空气孔与盲孔形成T形排气孔；顶针螺栓的杆部与通孔匹配。
基于上述结构的空气螺栓，在连接管的油嘴插入空气螺栓进油口后，油嘴侧面设置的出油口通过通孔与液压室连通；转动顶针螺栓使顶针螺栓的端部抵住油嘴的背部而有利于油嘴的固定；同时，在顶针螺栓转动拧紧过程中，顶针螺栓与油嘴间的空气可以通孔排气孔排出而避免其中的空气产生气压影响顶针螺栓移动，从而有利于装件操作；并且，油嘴渗入顶针螺栓与空气螺栓间的液压油不仅可以起到密封作用，而且还可以起到润滑作用而避免部件间的磨损。
更优地，空气螺栓的螺杆上设置有两个密封垫，且两个密封垫分别位于空气螺栓进油口的两侧，在空气螺栓拧紧后，两个密封垫将与空气螺栓进油口连接的连接管夹紧，有利于其密封固定。
其中，弹簧挡板面向第二弹簧的一侧设置有圆台，固定板面向第二弹簧的一侧设置有多个卡脚，且卡脚沿固定板供推杆穿过的通孔的周向均匀分别，从而通过卡脚以及圆台便于第二弹簧的固定；其中，卡脚包括杆部以及设置于杆部背离通孔的一侧的凸起；凸起与固定板的板面件形成卡槽，用于固定卡接第二弹簧。
为了更好地使推杆活塞与缸体内侧壁密封配合，在推杆活塞的两端沿周向设置有推杆活塞密封圈安装槽，且推杆活塞密封圈安装槽内设置有推杆活塞密 封圈；更优地，推杆活塞朝向液压室的一端面设置有密封皮碗。
本实施例中，也可以仅在空气螺栓的螺杆的一侧设置一个与通孔连通的空气螺栓进油口；同理，也可以仅在顶针螺栓的螺杆的一侧设置一个与盲孔连通的空气孔。
实施例5
基于上述实施例中数控刹车总泵分油阀结构，本实施例根据车辆类型可以对数控刹车总泵分油阀及油路结构进行适应性的调整，具体如下各例：
如图7所示，为前一后一的两桥车的数控刹车总泵分油阀的油路结构示意图；其分泵分为一对前轮分泵和一对后轮分泵，且两个前轮分泵与阀芯出油口的数控刹车总泵分油阀油道的总油道连接的分支油道分别设置有一个前轮分泵控制阀。
容易理解地，如图18所示，作为两桥车的数控刹车总泵分油阀的其他油路结构示意图，两个前轮分泵与数控刹车总泵分油阀油道的总油道连接的分支油道分别设置有一个前轮分泵控制阀，两个后轮分泵与数控刹车总泵分油阀油道的总油道连接的分支油道分别设置有一个后轮分泵控制阀。
如图19所示，为前二后一的三桥车的数控刹车总泵分油阀的油路结构示意图；其分泵分为两对前轮分泵和一对后轮分泵，且对应两个前桥的四个轮子的四个前轮分泵与数控刹车总泵分油阀油道的总油道连接的分支油道分别设置有一个前轮分泵控制阀；对应于一个后桥的两个轮子的两个后轮分泵与阀芯出油口通过分支油道与数控刹车总泵分油阀油道的总油道直接连通。
如图20所示，为前一后二的三桥车的数控刹车总泵分油阀的油路结构示意图；其分泵分为一对前轮分泵和两对后轮分泵，且对应一个前桥的两个轮子的两个前轮分泵与数控刹车总泵分油阀油道的总油道连接的分支油道分别设置有一个前轮分泵控制阀；对应于两个后桥的四个轮子的四个后轮分泵与阀芯出油口通过分支油道与数控刹车总泵分油阀油道的总油道直接连通。
如图21所示，为前二后二的四桥车的数控刹车总泵分油阀的油路结构示意图；其分泵分为两对前轮分泵和两对后轮分泵，且对应两个前桥的四个轮子 的四个个前轮分泵与数控刹车总泵分油阀油道的总油道连接的分支油道分别设置有一个前轮分泵控制阀；对应于两个后桥的四个轮子的四个后轮分泵与阀芯出油口通过分支油道与数控刹车总泵分油阀油道的总油道直接连通。
如图22所示，为三桥挂车的数控刹车总泵分油阀的油路结构示意图；挂车数控刹车总泵分油阀包括对应挂车三个车桥的三对分泵，且三对分泵中的六个分泵分别通过分支油道与挂车分油阀总油道连通；挂车分油阀总油道的进油口与牵引车的数控刹车总泵分油阀油道的总油道连通，从而在牵引车进行刹车制动时，液压油在流入牵引车各分泵的同时也可以流入挂车的各分泵，完成牵引车及挂车的刹车制动。
优选地，挂车分油阀总油道的进油口端设置有挂车储油桶，且挂车分油阀总油道通过高压储油桶控制阀连接有高压储油桶；同时，牵引车的数控刹车总泵分油阀油道的总油道设置有用于连接挂车分油阀总油道的挂车分支油道，且挂车分支油道设置有挂车分支油道储油桶。
挂车储油桶和挂车分支油道储油桶的结构相同，其中桶体内设置有与桶体内侧壁滑动密封配合的活塞，且活塞将桶内空腔分隔形成相互独立的上密封腔室和下密封腔室；桶体的上端面和下端面分别设置有上开口和下开口，挂车分支油道储油桶的下开口与挂车分支油道连接，挂车分支油道储油桶的上开口通过油管与挂车储油桶的上开口连接，挂车储油桶的下开口与挂车分油阀总油道连接。优选地，挂车储油桶的下密封室和挂车分支油道储油通的上密封室均设置有复位弹簧，有利于活塞恢复至初始状态；当挂车储油桶的活塞向下运动时，活塞压缩下密封室内的复位弹簧；当挂车分支油道储油桶的活塞向上运动时，活塞压缩上密封室内的复位弹簧。
如图23所示，初始状态：挂车储油桶的活塞位于桶体上端面处，下密封腔室充满液压油；挂车分支油道储油桶的活塞位于桶体下端面处，上密封腔室充满液压油。这样，在挂车与牵引车分离后或者挂车储油桶和挂车分支油道储油桶间的油管发生损坏破裂时，打开高压储油桶控制阀，从而使得高压储油桶的预存油压释放，进而通过挂车的各分泵推动相应刹车分泵，实现刹车制动； 同时，使得挂车储油桶和挂车分支油道储油桶的活塞恢复到初始状态的位置，防止桶体内的液压油发生泄露。
其中，挂车的高压储油桶可以采用现有结构的高压储油桶，也可以采用其他结构的高压储油桶，例如其包括内部具有空腔的筒体，筒体内设置与有筒体的内侧壁滑动密封配合挡板，且挡板将空腔分隔成两个相互独立的两个腔室；其中一个腔室为液压腔，另一个腔室设置有弹簧；筒体临近液压腔的一端面设置有与液压腔连通的储油口。
牵引车的数控刹车总泵分油阀油道的总油道设置有总控阀，且总控阀位于挂车分支油道的下游，前轮分泵的分支油道的上游，从而通过总控阀的开闭控制牵引车的数控刹车总泵分油阀油道的总油道的通断，进而对牵引车的数控刹车总泵分油阀油道的总油道内的液压油流入各分泵控制。优选地，总控阀与数控系统电连接。
上述实施例中，数控刹车总泵分油阀还包括踏板分泵；如图24所示，踏板分泵包括筒体、活塞以及第三弹簧；活塞滑动密封设置于筒体内，并将筒体分隔形成相互独立的上腔室和下腔室；第三弹簧设置下腔室内，且第三弹簧的两端分别与活塞和筒体连接；筒体的上端面和下端面分别设置有出油口和进油口，且进油口与数控刹车总泵分油阀的总油道连通，出油口与刹车踏板处的刹车踏板液压杆连接；刹车踏板的液压杆的伸缩端与刹车踏板连接配合。
基于上述结构的踏板分泵，在踏动刹车踏板刹车时，液压油在流入各分泵的同时也流入踏板分泵，从而推动活塞向上移动，压缩第三弹簧并将上腔室内的液压油压入刹车踏板液压杆，产生一定的阻力而使驾驶员感受到踏感，避免产生踏空的感觉；松开踏板后，踏板在原有复位机构的作用下复位，活塞在第三弹簧的作用力下复位使活塞向下移动，使下腔室内的液压油随各分泵的液压油一起流入液压油箱。
以上所述，仅为本发明的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种数控液压刹车装置，包括数控系统，其特征在于，还包括液压泵、单向出油阀、第一转换阀、数控刹车总泵分油阀以及高压储油桶；所述数控刹车总泵分油阀包括总泵和与车辆刹车分泵数量一一对应的分泵；所述分泵包括分油筒和活塞；所述活塞设置于所述分油筒内，并与所述分油筒的内侧壁滑动密封配合，所述活塞将所述分油筒分隔形成第一腔室和第二腔室；所述第一腔室设置有分油筒进油口，所述第二腔室设置有分油筒出油口；
    所述总泵包括阀筒、阀芯以及用于连接刹车拉线的阀芯拉板；所述阀芯设置于所述阀筒内，并与所述阀筒内侧壁转动密封配合；所述阀筒的侧壁沿同一周向分别设置有阀筒进油口和阀筒回油口，所述阀筒的一端面设置有阀筒出油口；所述阀芯的侧壁设置有阀芯进油口，所述阀芯一端面中心设置有与所述阀芯进油口连通的阀芯出油口；所述阀芯出油口位于所述阀筒出油口处；所述刹车拉板位于所述阀筒外并与阀芯传动连接，控制所述阀芯转动；所述刹车拉板带动所述阀芯转动至刹车制动状态，所述阀芯进油口与所述阀筒进油口对接连通；所述刹车拉板带动所述阀芯转动至刹车松开状态，所述阀芯进油口与所述阀筒回油口对接连通；
    所述第一转换阀的出油口与所述单向出油阀的进油口连接，所述第一转换阀的进油口通过所述液压泵与液压油箱连接，所述第一转换阀的回油口与液压油箱连接；所述单向出油阀的出油口、所述高压储油桶的储油口、所述阀筒进油口相互连接；所述阀芯出油口分别与每个所述分泵的所述分油筒进油口连通，所述分油筒出油口与相应的所述刹车分泵连接；所述阀筒回油口通过回油管与所述液压油箱连接；所述高压储油桶的储油口处设置有第一压力传感器，所述第一压力传感器与所述数控系统电连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的数控液压刹车装置，其特征在于，所述分油筒出油口处设置有第二压力传感器；所述第二压力传感器与所述数控系统电连接，且所述数控系统电连接有分泵故障报警装置；所述数控系统根据所述第二压力 传感器的监测信号控制所述分泵故障报警装置进行报警指示。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的数控液压刹车装置，其特征在于，所述阀筒沿中心轴线方向设置有两端具有开口的阶梯孔；所述阀芯包括芯体、压力轴承和第一卡簧；所述芯体的形状为与所述阶梯孔的大孔径段相匹配的圆柱状；所述芯体的两端面分别设置有转轴和圆台，所述圆台的台面设置有平键，所述平键设置有螺杆；所述转轴与所述阶梯孔的小孔径段相匹配，所述阀芯进油口设置于所述芯体的侧壁，所述阀芯出油口设置于所述转轴远离所述芯体的一端面；所述阀芯拉板面向所述平键的一面设置有与所述平键相匹配的键槽，且所述键槽内设置有与所述螺杆相匹配的螺杆通孔；所述螺杆通过所述螺杆通孔穿过所述阀芯拉板并设置有紧固螺母；所述第一卡簧卡设于所述阶梯孔的大端口处的卡槽内；所述圆台的半径小于所述芯体的半径，所述压力轴承套设于所述圆台的外侧，且所述压力轴承的两端面分别抵住所述压簧和所述芯体的临近所述压力轴承的端面。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的数控液压刹车装置，其特征在于，所述阀筒对应于所述阶梯孔的肩面的侧壁处还设置有排空口，且所述排空口通过排空管与所述阀筒回油口连接。
  5. 根据权利要求1或2所述的数控液压刹车装置，其特征在于，所述分泵包括若干对前轮分泵，且所述阀芯出油口与每个所述前轮分泵的所述分油筒进油口连接的分支油道均分别设置有前轮分泵控制阀；所述前轮分泵控制阀与所述数控系统电连接，所述数控系统控制所述前轮分泵控制阀的开闭。
  6. 根据权利要求6所述的数控液压刹车装置，其特征在于，所述数控刹车总泵分油阀还包括底板；所述阀筒以及所述分油筒均设置于所述底板上，且所述底板内部设置有数控刹车总泵分油阀油道；所述阀芯出油口通过所述数控刹车总泵分油阀油道分别与每个所述分泵的所述分油筒进油口连通。
  7. 根据权利要求1或2所述的数控液压刹车装置，其特征在于，所述高压储油桶包括筒体、第一挡板、第一弹簧以及第二挡板；所述筒体的内部设置有 空腔；所述第一挡板和所述第二挡板设置于所述空腔内，并分别与所述筒体的内侧壁滑动密封配合；所述第一弹簧的两端分别与所述第一挡板和第二挡板连接，且所述第一弹簧的伸缩方向与所述第一挡板和所述第二挡板的滑动方向一致；所述筒体的两端分别设置有储油管和调压管，所述储油管和调压管内分别设置有与所述第一挡板和所述第二挡板连接的第一液压杆和第二液压杆；所述储油管的管径小于所述调压管的管径；
    所述数控液压刹车装置还包括第二转换阀；所述第二转换阀的进油口与所述单向出油阀的出油口连接；所述第二转换阀的出油口与所述调压口连接；所述第二转换阀的回油口与所述回油管连接；所述第二转换阀与所述数控系统电连接，所述数控系统控制所述第二转换阀的转换开闭；
    所述筒体设置有第一控制器和第二控制器，所述第一控制器的触碰端和所述第二控制器的触碰端均位于筒体内，并分别位于所述第一挡板的最大限定行程和最小限定行程所对应的位置处；所述第一控制器和所述第二控制器的动作端均位于筒体外，并分别通过拉线与所述第一转换阀的开关控制和所述阀芯拉板连接。
  8. 根据权利要求1或2所述的数控液压刹车装置，其特征在于，所述刹车分泵包括缸体、推杆活塞、推杆、弹簧挡板、第二弹簧、固定板和第二卡簧；所述缸体的一端设置有开口，所述缸体的另一端设置与所述分油筒出油口连接的分泵进油口；所述推杆活塞滑动密封设置于所述缸体内，且所述推杆活塞的背离所述开口的一侧与所述缸体形成液压室，所述分泵进油口与所述液压室连通；所述推杆的一端设置于所述推杆活塞的朝向所述开口的一侧，所述推杆的另一端依次穿过所述第二弹簧和所述固定板并设置有用于连接刹车片的连接座；所述弹簧挡板设置于所述推杆上；所述开口的外延设置有外延部，所述外研部通过螺栓与所述固定板连接，所述第二弹簧的两端分别抵住所述弹簧挡板和所述固定板，所述弹簧挡板的尺寸大于所述开口并抵于所述开口处；所述第二卡簧设置于所述开口内的卡槽处。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的数控液压刹车装置，其特征在于，所述分泵进油 口设置有空气螺栓，且所述空气螺栓与所述分泵进油口螺纹连接；所述空气螺栓沿轴线方向设置有通孔，且所述空气螺栓的螺杆的相对两侧设置有与所述通孔连通的空气螺栓进油口，所述进油口通过所述通孔与所述分泵进油口连通；所述空气螺栓的螺帽顶面设置有顶针螺栓，所述顶针螺栓的螺帽沿中心轴线设置有盲孔，所述顶针螺栓的螺杆的相对两侧设置有与所述盲孔连通的空气孔，且所述空气孔与所述盲孔形成T形排气孔；所述顶针螺栓的杆部与所述通孔匹配。
  10. 一种数控刹车总泵分油阀，其特征在于，包括所述数控刹车总泵分油阀包括总泵和与车辆刹车分泵数量一一对应的分泵；所述分泵包括分油筒和活塞；所述活塞设置于所述分油筒内，并与所述分油筒的内侧壁滑动密封配合，所述活塞将所述分油筒分隔形成第一腔室和第二腔室；所述第一腔室设置有分油筒进油口，所述第二腔室设置有分油筒出油口；
    所述总泵包括阀筒、阀芯以及用于连接刹车拉线的阀芯拉板；所述阀芯设置于所述阀筒内，并与所述阀筒内侧壁转动密封配合；所述阀筒的侧壁沿同一周向分别设置有阀筒进油口和阀筒回油口，所述阀筒的一端面设置有阀筒出油口；所述阀芯的侧壁设置有阀芯进油口，所述阀芯一端面中心位置设置有与所述阀芯进油口连通的阀芯出油口；所述阀芯出油口位于所述阀筒出油口处；所述刹车拉板位于所述阀筒外并与阀芯传动连接，控制所述阀芯转动；所述刹车拉板带动所述阀芯转动至刹车制动状态，所述阀芯进油口与所述阀筒进油口对接连通；所述刹车拉板带动所述阀芯转动至刹车松开状态，所述阀芯进油口与所述阀筒回油口对接连通；所述阀芯出油口分别与每个所述分泵的所述分油筒进油口连通。
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