WO2020061919A1 - 用于hart控制回路监测的方法、装置、设备、介质及程序 - Google Patents

用于hart控制回路监测的方法、装置、设备、介质及程序 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020061919A1
WO2020061919A1 PCT/CN2018/108009 CN2018108009W WO2020061919A1 WO 2020061919 A1 WO2020061919 A1 WO 2020061919A1 CN 2018108009 W CN2018108009 W CN 2018108009W WO 2020061919 A1 WO2020061919 A1 WO 2020061919A1
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Prior art keywords
value
current
transmitter
determined
terminal voltage
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PCT/CN2018/108009
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王青岗
彭延斌
余浪
康尧磊
杨晓波
张猛
Original Assignee
西门子股份公司
王青岗
彭延斌
余浪
康尧磊
杨晓波
张猛
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Application filed by 西门子股份公司, 王青岗, 彭延斌, 余浪, 康尧磊, 杨晓波, 张猛 filed Critical 西门子股份公司
Priority to PCT/CN2018/108009 priority Critical patent/WO2020061919A1/zh
Publication of WO2020061919A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020061919A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/418—Total factory control, i.e. centrally controlling a plurality of machines, e.g. direct or distributed numerical control [DNC], flexible manufacturing systems [FMS], integrated manufacturing systems [IMS] or computer integrated manufacturing [CIM]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
    • Y02P90/02—Total factory control, e.g. smart factories, flexible manufacturing systems [FMS] or integrated manufacturing systems [IMS]

Definitions

  • the present disclosure generally relates to the field of process control, and more particularly, to a method, a device, a device, a medium, and a system program for an addressable remote sensor high-speed channel (Highway Addressable Remote Transducer, HART) process control loop monitoring.
  • HART Highway Addressable Remote Transducer
  • the terminal voltage on the transmitter is an important factor to ensure that the appropriate loop current value can be passed to the controller. It even ensures that the transmitter function can Important factors to achieve. But for the production system, the terminal voltage on the transmitter may be affected by many factors, such as cable aging, cable damage, short circuit, loose power line connection, etc., and even the power supply itself may have some problems. Especially after years of operation of the 2-wire HART control loop, the production system may be unexpectedly interrupted due to the failure of the HART transmitter due to cable aging issues. The HART control loop monitoring and diagnostic system can inform the health status of the entire 2-wire HART control loop and notify maintenance personnel to perform repairs to avoid any accidental failure of the production system.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a HART control loop 1 for monitoring and diagnosis of a 2-wire HART control loop.
  • the 2-wire HART transmitter controller 10 has a positive terminal (labeled as +) and a negative terminal (labeled as-), and is connected to the positive terminal of the power source 20 (by Marked +) and negative terminal (marked-) are electrically connected.
  • the 2-wire current loop 50 has a characteristic impedance identified as R-LOOP and a loop current identified as I-LOOP.
  • FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of the structure of the 2-wire HART transmitter controller 10.
  • the 2-wire HART transmitter controller 10 includes a digital circuit 12 and an analog circuit 14.
  • the digital circuit 12 includes a microprocessor 34 (combination of the two to form a computer) and a display / button interface 36 connected to a suitable memory 32.
  • the memory 32 includes a non-volatile memory for storing programs and calibration parameters, and a volatile memory used during voltage measurement.
  • the microprocessor 34 is also connected to a digital / analog input / output circuit 38, and the digital / analog input / output circuit 38 is connected to a 2-wire circuit 40, which is connected to the external power source 20.
  • the 2-wire circuit 40 uses loop control and power circuits commonly used in process measurement instruments to provide power on the 2-wire current loop 50.
  • the 2-wire circuit 40 controls the current on the 2-wire current loop 50 within a range of 4 mA-20 mA.
  • the microprocessor 34 is also connected to a signal processing circuit 42 in the analog circuit 14.
  • the signal processing circuit 42 is connected to an external sensor via the sensor interface circuit 44 to receive a signal sensed by the external sensor and transmit it to the microprocessor 34 for processing.
  • the 2-wire circuit 40 is controlled to generate a first current I-LOOP1 on the 2-wire current loop 50, and the 2-wire HART transmitter controller 10 is measured at the first current I- The first terminal voltage value V-TERM1 under LOOP1.
  • the 2-wire circuit 40 is controlled to generate a second current I-LOOP2 on the 2-wire current loop 50, and the second terminal voltage value V- of the 2-wire HART transmitter controller 10 at the second current I-LOOP2 is measured.
  • TERM2 the second current I-LOOP2
  • the measured first current I-LOOP1, the first terminal voltage value V-TERM1, the second current I-LOOP2, and the second terminal voltage value V-TERM2 are used to calculate the equivalent impedance R of the 2-wire current loop 50 -LOOP and the output voltage V-SUPPLY of the power supply.
  • the calculated output voltage V-SUPPLY is compared with a predetermined voltage threshold to diagnose whether a fault occurs in the HART control loop.
  • the present disclosure provides methods, devices, and systems for HART control loop monitoring.
  • the device and the system accurate positioning and diagnosis of a faulty branch circuit in a plurality of branch circuits can be realized.
  • a method for monitoring a HART control loop the HART control loop having a plurality of branch loops, each branch loop consisting of at least a transmitter and an actuator, the method including: Determine whether there are transmitters whose output current changes exceed the first predetermined threshold or whose output voltage changes exceed the second predetermined threshold among the transmitters of each branch circuit; Transmitters whose output terminal voltage changes exceed the second predetermined threshold, notify all transmitters to report their respective current output current values and current output terminal voltage values; according to the current output current values reported by all transmitters and The current output terminal voltage value to determine the current impedance value of each equivalent node in the equivalent impedance network of the HART control loop; and based on the current impedance value of each equivalent node in the determined equivalent impedance network, determine Whether there is a faulty loop in the HART control loop.
  • determining whether there is a faulty loop in the HART control loop based on the current impedance value of each equivalent node in the determined equivalent impedance network may include: determining the determined The circuit segment corresponding to the impedance change value of the impedance value of each equivalent node that is greater than the third predetermined threshold is determined as a faulty circuit.
  • the initial impedance value of each equivalent node in the equivalent impedance network is determined during the initialization phase by using the following process: providing at least two for each transmitter An input current value; and determining an initial impedance value of each equivalent node in the equivalent impedance network by using an output current value and an output terminal voltage value of each transmitter under at least two input current values provided.
  • determining whether there is a faulty loop in the HART control loop based on the current impedance value of each equivalent node in the determined equivalent impedance network may include: using the determined The current impedance value of each equivalent node in the equivalent impedance network of the, determine the change curve of the terminal voltage of each transmitter with the output current value; and for the determined change curve, it will correspond to the working output current interval Among the output terminal voltage values, the circuit segment involved in the transmitter corresponding to the change curve of the terminal voltage value lower than the predetermined terminal voltage value is determined as the faulty circuit.
  • determining the fault circuit as a fault section of the loop corresponding to the transmitter corresponding to the change curve having a lower-end voltage value in the determined change curve may include: displaying The determined change curve of each transmitter is provided for the user to have the corresponding change curve of the terminal voltage value lower than the predetermined terminal voltage value in the output terminal voltage value corresponding to the working output current interval.
  • the circuit segments involved are identified as faulty circuits.
  • the method may further include: when it is determined that a faulty loop exists, sending a faulty loop determination result to a user.
  • a device for monitoring a HART control loop having a plurality of branch circuits, each branch circuit consisting of at least a transmitter and an actuator
  • the device including : A judging unit configured to judge whether there are transmitters whose output current changes exceed a first predetermined threshold or whose output voltage changes exceed a second predetermined threshold among the transmitters of each branch circuit; the notification unit is configured to When there are transmitters whose output current change value exceeds the first predetermined threshold or when the output terminal voltage change value exceeds the second predetermined threshold, all the transmitters are notified to report their respective current output current values and current output terminal voltage values.
  • An impedance value determination unit configured to determine the current impedance values of each equivalent node in the equivalent impedance network of the HART control loop according to the current output current values and current output terminal voltage values reported by all transmitters; And a fault loop determination unit configured to be based on the current resistance of each equivalent node in the determined equivalent impedance network Value, determining whether a fault of the HART control loop circuit.
  • the fault loop determination unit may be configured to: change the impedance change value of the determined impedance value of each equivalent node to an equivalent node value greater than a third predetermined threshold The corresponding circuit segment is determined as a fault circuit.
  • the device may further include: an input current providing unit configured to provide at least two input current values to the respective transmitters during the initialization phase, and the impedance value
  • the determining unit is configured to determine an initial impedance of each equivalent node in the equivalent impedance network by using the output current value and the output terminal voltage value of the respective transmitters under the provided at least two input current values. value.
  • the fault loop determination unit may include a change curve determination module configured to determine the current impedance value of each equivalent node in the determined equivalent impedance network to determine The change curve of the terminal voltage of each transmitter with the output current value; and the fault circuit determination module is configured to, for the determined change curve, there will be lower than the output terminal voltage value corresponding to the working output current interval.
  • the section of the loop involved in the transmitter corresponding to the change curve of the terminal voltage value of the predetermined terminal voltage value is determined as a faulty circuit.
  • the fault circuit determination module may be implemented by using a change curve display module configured to display the determined change curves of each transmitter, For the user to determine that there is a faulty loop in the loop section of the transmitter corresponding to the change curve corresponding to the change curve that is lower than the predetermined terminal voltage value in the determined change curve.
  • the apparatus may further include: a sending unit configured to send a failure loop determination result to a user when it is determined that a failure loop exists.
  • a system for monitoring a HART control loop having a plurality of branch circuits, each branch circuit consisting of at least a transmitter and a control valve, the system including : At least one current monitoring device is provided at the transmitter in each branch circuit and is configured to continuously monitor the output current value of each transmitter; at least one voltage monitoring device is provided at the transmitter in each branch circuit , Configured to continuously monitor the output voltage of each transmitter; and a device for HART loop monitoring as described above.
  • system may further include a display device configured to display the determined fault circuit determination result.
  • a computing device including: at least one processor; and a memory coupled to the at least one processor, for storing instructions, when the instructions are executed by the at least one processor When executed, the processor is caused to execute the method for HART control loop monitoring as described above.
  • a non-transitory machine-readable storage medium that stores executable instructions that, when executed, cause the machine to perform the HART control loop monitoring as described above.
  • a computer program including computer-executable instructions that, when executed, cause at least one processor to perform the method for HART control loop monitoring as described above.
  • a computer program product is provided that is tangibly stored on a computer-readable medium and includes computer-executable instructions that, when executed, cause at least A processor executes the method for HART control loop monitoring described above.
  • the output current change value or output terminal voltage change value of any transmitter in the HART control loop exceeds a predetermined threshold, all the transmitters are notified to report the current output current value and the current output voltage.
  • the current impedance value of each equivalent node in the equivalent impedance network of the HART control loop based on the current output current value and the current output voltage value, and then use the current value of each equivalent node in the determined equivalent impedance network
  • the impedance value is used to determine whether there is a fault circuit in the HART control circuit, which can accurately locate and diagnose the fault branch circuit in multiple branch circuits.
  • the impedance value of the current impedance value of each equivalent node in the determined equivalent impedance network relative to the impedance value determined last time is calculated by calculating the impedance change value with a third predetermined value.
  • the threshold is compared to determine the fault circuit in the HART control loop, which can realize the real-time location and diagnosis of the fault branch circuit in multiple branch circuits.
  • the current impedance value of each equivalent node in the determined equivalent impedance network is calculated, and the transmitter impedance of each transmitter is determined based on the calculated current impedance value of the equivalent impedance network.
  • the terminal voltage value changes with the output current curve, and then based on the determined curve to predict the future fault circuit that may occur in the HART control loop, it is possible to predict the fault branch circuits of multiple branch circuits.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of a HART control loop for monitoring and diagnostics of a 2-wire HART control loop
  • Figure 2 shows a block diagram of the structure of a 2-wire HART transmitter controller
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of a HART control loop according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating a structure of a HART control loop monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a structure of an example of a HART control loop monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic diagram of an equivalent impedance network of the HART control loop shown in FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 7 illustrates a flowchart of a HART control loop monitoring method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic block diagram showing an example of a HART control loop monitoring device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 9 shows a change curve of a transmitter output current and an output terminal voltage value determined according to the present disclosure
  • FIG. 10 shows a flowchart of a HART control loop monitoring method according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 11 illustrates a block diagram of a computing device for HART control loop monitoring according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • S710 Perform an initialization process to obtain the initial impedance value of each equivalent node in the equivalent impedance network
  • S760 Determine whether there is an equivalent node whose impedance change value is greater than a third predetermined threshold in the current impedance value of each equivalent node of the equivalent impedance network
  • S1070 Determines the circuit segment involved in the transmitter corresponding to the change curve of the terminal voltage value that is lower than the predetermined terminal voltage value in the output terminal voltage value corresponding to the working output current interval as the faulty circuit.
  • the term “including” and variations thereof mean open terms, meaning “including but not limited to.”
  • the term “based on” means “based at least in part on.”
  • the terms “one embodiment” and “an embodiment” mean “at least one embodiment.”
  • the term “another embodiment” means “at least one other embodiment.”
  • the terms “first”, “second”, etc. may refer to different or the same objects. Other definitions can be included below, either explicitly or implicitly. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the definition of a term is consistent throughout the specification.
  • the term "transmitter” refers to a device that converts the sensed physical quantity, chemical quantity, and other information into a standardized signal that is convenient for measurement and transmission according to a certain law, and is a component of a unit combination meter.
  • a transmitter is a sensor that outputs a standardized signal.
  • the transmitter works based on the principle of negative feedback, which is mainly composed of a measurement part, an amplifier and a feedback part. Among them, the measurement part is used to detect the measured variable x and convert it into an input signal Zi (a signal such as voltage, current, displacement, force or torque) which can be accepted by the amplifier.
  • the feedback part converts the output signal y of the transmitter into a feedback signal Zf and sends it back to the input end.
  • the transmitter usually has a current monitoring function and a voltage monitoring function, which can continuously monitor the output current value and terminal voltage value of the transmitter under a given input current.
  • the transmitter can be divided into a voltage output type transmitter and a current output type transmitter.
  • the voltage output type transmitter has the property of a constant voltage source, and its voltage signal ranges from 1 to 5V, 0 to 10v, and 10 to 10V, preferably 1 to 5V and 0 to 10V.
  • the current output transmitter has the property of a constant current source, and its current signal ranges from 0 to 10 mA, 0 to 20 mA, 4 to 20 mA, and preferably 4 to 20 mA.
  • Transmitters can be divided into 2-wire transmitters and 4-wire transmitters.
  • the 4-wire transmitter has two power lines and two signal lines.
  • the 2-wire transmitter has only two external wires. They are both power and signal wires. The lower limit of the current signal cannot be zero.
  • the 2-wire transmitter has fewer wires and a longer transmission distance, and is most widely used in industry.
  • the transmitter is a 2-wire transmitter.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of a HART control loop 300 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the HART control circuit 300 includes three HART transmitters 310-1, 310-2, 310-3, three actuators 311-1, 311-2, 311-3, a power supply 320, and HART control Loop monitoring system 330.
  • a HART control loop may also be referred to as a HART network.
  • the power supply 320 and the HART control loop monitoring system 330 are respectively powered by a 2-wire current loop and 3 HART transmitters 310-1, 310-2, 310-3, and 3 actuators 311-1, 311-2, 311-3 Connection, where HART transmitter 310-1 and actuator 311-1 are connected in series, HART transmitter 310-2 and actuator 311-2 are connected in series, and HART transmitter 310-3 and actuator 311-3 are connected in series, Then, the three series circuits formed are connected in parallel with each other to both ends of the power source 320 and the HART control loop monitoring system 330, as shown in FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating a structure of a HART control loop monitoring system 400 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the HART control loop monitoring system 400 includes a HART control loop monitoring device 410 and a display device 420.
  • the HART control loop monitoring device 410 is electrically connected to each transmitter.
  • the HART control loop monitoring device 410 is configured to receive an output current value and an output terminal voltage value of the transmitter monitored by the transmitter's current monitoring function and voltage monitoring function from each transmitter, and based on the received each The output current value and output voltage value of the transmitter determine whether there is a faulty loop in the HART control loop.
  • the functional structure and operation flow of the HART control loop monitoring device 410 will be described below with reference to FIGS. 5 to 10.
  • the HART control loop monitoring system 400 further includes a display device 420.
  • the display device 420 is configured to present the determined failure loop determination result to a user.
  • the failure loop determination result may be presented in a text format, a video format, an audio format, and the like.
  • the display device 420 may be a text presentation device (such as a display device, etc.), a video presentation device, or an audio presentation device. It should be explained here that in other examples of the present disclosure, the HART control loop monitoring system 400 may not include the display device 420.
  • the display device 420 may be a component of the HART control loop monitoring device 410.
  • the HART control loop monitoring system 400 can also monitor the output current value and the terminal voltage value of the transmitter without using the current monitoring function and the voltage monitoring function of the transmitter.
  • the HART control loop monitoring system 400 may include at least one current monitoring device 430.
  • the at least one current monitoring device 430 is arranged at each HART transmitter of the HART control loop, for example, at the HART transmitters 310-1, 310-2, and 310-3 shown in FIG. 3.
  • the number of current monitoring devices 430 may be set equal to the number of HART transmitters.
  • the current monitoring device 430 is configured to continuously monitor the output current value of the corresponding transmitter.
  • the current monitoring device 430 may be implemented using various current sensors known in the art.
  • the HART control loop monitoring system 400 may further include at least one voltage monitoring device 440.
  • At least one voltage monitoring device 440 is arranged at each HART transmitter of the HART control loop, for example, at HART transmitters 310-1, 310-2, and 310-3 shown in FIG. Alternatively, the number of voltage monitoring devices 440 may be set equal to the number of HART transmitters.
  • the voltage monitoring device 440 is configured to continuously monitor the output terminal voltage value of the corresponding transmitter, that is, the terminal voltage between the positive terminal (+) and the negative terminal (-) of the transmitter shown in FIG. 3.
  • the voltage monitoring device 440 may be implemented using various voltage sensors known in the art.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic block diagram showing an example of a HART control loop monitoring device 410 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the HART control loop monitoring device 410 includes an input current providing unit 411, a determination unit 413, a notification unit 415, an impedance value determination unit 416, and a fault circuit determination unit 417.
  • the input current providing unit 411 is configured to provide at least two input current values to each transmitter, for example, to provide at least two input current values to the S terminal of the transmitter.
  • the S terminal of each transmitter is provided with at least two input current values, monitor the transmitter through the corresponding current monitoring device 430 and voltage monitoring device 440 or use the transmitter's current monitoring function and voltage monitoring function.
  • the output current value and the output terminal voltage value at least two input current values are provided.
  • the impedance value determination unit 416 determines the initial impedance value of each equivalent node in the equivalent impedance network by using the output current value and the output terminal voltage value of the respective transmitters under the provided at least two input current values. As shown in FIG.
  • the initial impedance values of each equivalent node R0, R1, R1P-R3P, R11-R13, R21-R23, and R31-R33 in the equivalent impedance network may be HART, for example.
  • the impedance value of each equivalent node when the control loop is working normally may be HART, for example.
  • the at least one current monitoring device 430, the at least one voltage monitoring device 440, or each transmitter may communicate with the HART control loop monitoring device 410 in a wired manner or a wireless manner.
  • the at least one current monitoring device 430, the at least one voltage monitoring device 440, or the transmitter may actively send the monitoring result to the HART control loop monitoring device 410, or may be sent to the HART control loop monitoring device 410 upon request HART control loop monitoring device 410.
  • the judging unit 413 determines whether there is a change in the output current of the transmitter in each branch circuit exceeding the first predetermined threshold value or the output terminal voltage change value exceeds A second predetermined threshold transmitter.
  • the first predetermined threshold and the second predetermined threshold may be any suitable experience values.
  • the output current change value refers to the change value of the currently monitored output current value relative to the last monitored output current value
  • the output voltage change value refers to the currently monitored output voltage value relative to the last monitored value. The change in voltage value at the output.
  • the notification unit 415 is configured to notify all transmitters to report their respective current output current values and current output terminals when there are transmitters whose output current change values exceed a first predetermined threshold value or output terminal voltage change values exceed a second predetermined threshold value. Voltage value.
  • the impedance value determination unit 416 determines the HART control loop based on the current output current value and the current output terminal voltage value reported by all transmitters. The current impedance value of each equivalent node in the equivalent impedance network.
  • the fault circuit determination unit 417 compares the current impedance value of each equivalent node in the determined equivalent impedance network with The impedance values of each equivalent node determined last time are compared, and a circuit segment corresponding to an equivalent node whose impedance change value is greater than a third predetermined threshold is determined as a faulty circuit.
  • the third predetermined threshold may be any suitable experience value.
  • the HART control loop monitoring device 410 may further include a transmitting unit for transmitting a determination result of the fault loop to the user when it is determined that there is a fault loop.
  • the sending unit sends the failure loop determination result to the display device 420 for presentation to the user on the display device 420.
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic diagram of an equivalent impedance network of the HART control loop 300 shown in FIG. 3.
  • the HART control loop 300 is divided into a plurality of loop segments, and each loop segment is regarded as an equivalent node having an equivalent impedance, such as R0, R1, R1P-R3P, R11- R13, R21-R23 and R31-R33.
  • an equivalent impedance such as R0, R1, R1P-R3P, R11- R13, R21-R23 and R31-R33.
  • FIG. 7 shows a flowchart of a HART control loop monitoring method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. This method is performed by the HART control loop monitoring device shown in FIG. 5.
  • an initialization process is performed.
  • at least two input current values are provided to each transmitter, for example, at least two input current values are provided to the S terminal of the transmitter.
  • the output current value and the output terminal voltage value at least two input current values are provided.
  • the impedance value determination unit 416 uses the monitored output current value and output terminal voltage value of each of the transmitters under the provided at least two input current values to determine the equivalent nodes of the equivalent impedance network. The initial impedance value.
  • the current value and output of each transmitter are continuously monitored via the current monitoring device 430 and voltage monitoring device 440 provided at each transmitter or by using the current monitoring function and voltage monitoring function of the transmitter. Voltage value.
  • the circuit segment corresponding to the equivalent node is determined as a faulty loop at S770. If there is no equivalent node whose impedance change value is greater than the third predetermined threshold, the process returns to S720, and continues to monitor the output current value and output terminal voltage value of each transmitter.
  • the above method may further include: when it is determined that a faulty loop exists, sending a faulty loop determination result to a user for presentation at the user. For example, when it is determined that a faulty loop exists, the faulty loop determination result is transmitted to the display device 420 to be presented to the user on the display device 420.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic block diagram showing an example of a HART control loop monitoring device 410 'according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the HART control loop monitoring device 410 includes a judgment unit 413, a notification unit 415, an impedance value determination unit 416, and a fault circuit determination unit 417'.
  • the fault circuit determination unit 417 includes a change curve determination module 418 and a fault circuit determination module 419.
  • the output current value and the output terminal voltage value of the corresponding transmitter are continuously monitored through at least one current monitoring device 430 and at least one voltage monitoring device 440 or using the current monitoring function and voltage monitoring function of the transmitter. , And then send it to the determination unit 413 in the HART control loop monitoring device 410.
  • the at least one current monitoring device 430, the at least one voltage monitoring device 440, or the transmitter may communicate with the HART control loop monitoring device 410 in a wired manner or a wireless manner.
  • the at least one current monitoring device 430, the at least one voltage monitoring device 440, or the transmitter may actively send the monitoring result to the HART control loop monitoring device 410, or may be sent to the HART control loop monitoring device 410 upon request HART control loop monitoring device 410.
  • the judging unit 413 After receiving the output current value and output terminal voltage value of the monitored transmitter, the judging unit 413 determines whether there is a change in the output current of the transmitter in each branch circuit exceeding the first predetermined threshold value or the output terminal voltage change value exceeds A second predetermined threshold transmitter.
  • the first predetermined threshold and the second predetermined threshold may be any suitable experience values.
  • the notification unit 415 is configured to notify all transmitters to report their respective current output current values and current output terminals when there are transmitters whose output current change values exceed a first predetermined threshold value or output terminal voltage change values exceed a second predetermined threshold value. Voltage value.
  • the impedance value determination unit 416 determines the HART control loop based on the current output current value and current output terminal voltage value reported by all transmitters. The current impedance value of each equivalent node in the equivalent impedance network.
  • the change curve determination module 418 in the fault circuit determination unit 417 After determining the current impedance value of each equivalent node in the equivalent impedance network of the HART control loop, the change curve determination module 418 in the fault circuit determination unit 417 'uses each equivalent in the determined equivalent impedance network.
  • the current impedance value of the node determines the change curve of the terminal voltage of each transmitter with the output current value.
  • the fault circuit determination module 419 will refer to the transmitter corresponding to the change curve of the terminal voltage value that is lower than the predetermined terminal voltage value in the output terminal voltage value corresponding to the working output current interval.
  • the faulty circuit is identified as the faulty circuit.
  • the fault circuit determination module 419 may be implemented using a change curve display module. Accordingly, the change curve display module is configured to display the determined change curve of each transmitter. Then, according to the displayed change curve, the user will divide the circuit segment involved in the transmitter corresponding to the change curve of the terminal voltage value that is lower than the predetermined terminal voltage value in the output terminal voltage value corresponding to the working output current interval. Determined as a fault circuit.
  • FIG. 9 shows a change curve of a transmitter output current and an output terminal voltage value determined according to the present disclosure, wherein a horizontal axis represents an output current value in units of mA, and a vertical axis represents an output terminal voltage value in units Is V.
  • the terminal voltage threshold of the transmitter is 16V, based on Fig. 9, it can be predicted that the transmitters 3 and 4 will not work normally during the whole process, so that the transmitters 3 and 4 need to be maintained.
  • the HART control loop monitoring device 430 ' may further include a transmitting unit for transmitting a fault loop determination result to the user when it is determined that a fault loop exists.
  • the sending unit sends the failure loop determination result to the display device for presentation to the user on the display device.
  • FIG. 10 illustrates a flowchart of a HART control loop monitoring method according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. This method is performed by the HART control loop monitoring device 430 'shown in FIG.
  • each transmitter is continuously monitored via the current monitoring device 410 and the voltage monitoring device 420 provided at each transmitter or by using the current monitoring function and the voltage monitoring function of the transmitter. Current and output voltage.
  • the current impedance values of the equivalent nodes in the determined equivalent impedance network are used to determine the change curve of the terminal voltage of each transmitter with the output current value.
  • the determined change curve it is determined whether there is a change curve of a terminal voltage value lower than a predetermined terminal voltage value among the output terminal voltage values corresponding to the working output current section.
  • the circuit section of the transmitter corresponding to the change curve is segmented. Determined as a fault circuit. If there is no change curve of the terminal voltage value that is lower than the predetermined terminal voltage value in the output terminal voltage value corresponding to the working output current interval, the process returns to S1010 and continues to monitor the output current value and output terminal of each transmitter Voltage value.
  • the above method may further include: when it is determined that a faulty loop exists, sending a faulty loop determination result to a user for presentation at the user. For example, when it is determined that a faulty loop exists, the faulty loop determination result is transmitted to the display device 420 to be presented to the user on the display device 420.
  • HART control loop monitoring device can be implemented by hardware, or by software or a combination of hardware and software.
  • the HART control loop monitoring device may be implemented using a computing device.
  • FIG. 11 illustrates a block diagram of a computing device 1100 for HART control loop monitoring according to the present disclosure.
  • the computing device 1100 may include at least one processor 1110 that executes at least one computer-readable instruction stored in or encoded in a computer-readable storage medium (ie, the memory 1120) (ie, the above is in software form) Implementation element).
  • computer-executable instructions are stored in the memory 1120, which when executed causes the at least one processor 1110 to determine whether there is an output current change value in a transmitter of each branch circuit that exceeds a first predetermined threshold value or an output terminal. Transmitters whose voltage change value exceeds a second predetermined threshold value; when there are transmitters whose output current change value exceeds the first predetermined threshold value or the output terminal voltage change value exceeds the second predetermined threshold value, all the transmitters are notified Report respective current output current value and current output terminal voltage value; determine each equivalent node in the equivalent impedance network of the HART control loop according to the current output current value and current output terminal voltage value reported by all transmitters And determine whether there is a faulty loop in the HART control loop based on the current impedance value of each equivalent node in the determined equivalent impedance network.
  • a non-transitory machine-readable medium may have machine-executable instructions (ie, the above-mentioned elements implemented in software form), which when executed by a machine, cause the machine to execute the various embodiments of the present disclosure in conjunction with FIGS. 3-10 above Describes various operations and functions.
  • a computer program including computer-executable instructions that, when executed, cause at least one processor to execute each of the embodiments described above in connection with FIGS. 3-10 in various embodiments of the present disclosure. Operations and functions.
  • a computer program product including computer-executable instructions that, when executed, cause at least one processor to execute the various embodiments described above in conjunction with FIGS. 3-10 in various embodiments of the present disclosure.

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Abstract

一种用于HART控制回路监测的方法（S700，S1000）、装置（410,410'）、设备（1100）、介质及系统程序。HART控制回路（300）具有多个至少由变送器（310-1,310-2,310-3）和执行器（311-1,311-2，311-3）构成的分支回路，判断（S730，S1020）各个分支回路的变送器中是否存在输出电流变化值或输出端电压变化值超过预定阈值的变送器；在存在输出电流变化值或输出端电压变化值超过预定阈值的变送器时，通知（S740，S1030）所有变送器（310-1,310-2,310-3）上报各自的当前输出电流值和当前输出端电压值；根据所上报的当前输出电流值和当前输出端电压值，确定（S750，S1040）HART控制回路（300）的等效阻抗网络中的各个等效节点的当前阻抗值；以及基于所确定出的等效阻抗网络中的各个等效节点的当前阻抗值，确定HART控制回路(300)中是否存在故障回路。

Description

用于HART控制回路监测的方法、装置、设备、介质及程序 技术领域
本公开通常涉及过程控制领域，更具体地，涉及用于可寻址远程传感器高速通道(Highway Addressable Remote Transducer，HART)过程控制回路监测的方法、装置、设备、介质及系统程序。
背景技术
在2线HART控制回路(即，HART网络)中，变送器(transmitter)上的端电压是确保合适的回路电流值能够被传递给控制器的重要因素，它甚至还是确保变送器功能能够实现的重要因素。但对于生产系统而言，变送器上的端电压可能会受多种因素影响，例如电缆老化，电缆损坏，短路，电源线连接松动，等等，甚至电源本身也可能会存在一些问题。尤其是在2线HART控制回路经过多年运行后，由于HART变送器因为电缆老化问题而导致的故障，生产系统可能会意外中断。HART控制回路监测和诊断系统可以告知整个2线HART控制回路的健康状态，并通知维护人员进行维修，以避免生产系统发生任何意外故障。
图1示出了一种用于2线HART控制回路监测和诊断的HART控制回路1的示意图。
如图1所示，2线HART变送器控制器10具有正极端子(被标识为+)和负极端子(被标识为-)，并且通过2线电流回路50分别与电源20的正极端子(被标识为+)和负极端子(被标识为-)电连接。2线电流回路50具有被标识为R-LOOP的特性阻抗，以及具有被标识为I-LOOP的回路电流。
图2示出了2线HART变送器控制器10的结构方框图。如图2所示，2线HART变送器控制器10包括数字电路12和模拟电路14。数字电路12包括与合适的存储器32相连的微处理器34(两者的组合形成一个计算机)以及显示/按钮界面36。存储器32包括用于存储程序和校准参数的非易失性存储器以及在电压测量期间使用的易失性存储器。微处理器34还连接到 数字/模拟输入/输出电路38，并且数字/模拟输入/输出电路38连接到2线电路40，该2线电路40连接到外部电源20。特别地，2线电路40使用在过程测量仪器中通常使用的回路控制和功率电路来提供2线电流回路50上的功率。例如，2线电路40将2线电流回路50上的电流控制在4mA-20mA的范围内。
微处理器34还连接到模拟电路14中的信号处理电路42。信号处理电路42经由传感器接口电路44连接到外部传感器，以接收外部传感器所感测到的信号并传送到微处理器34来进行处理。
在图1中示出的系统中，首先，控制2线电路40来在2线电流回路50上产生第一电流I-LOOP1，并且测量2线HART变送器控制器10在第一电流I-LOOP1下的第一端电压值V-TERM1。接着，控制2线电路40来在2线电流回路50上产生第二电流I-LOOP2，并且测量2线HART变送器控制器10在第二电流I-LOOP2下的第二端电压值V-TERM2。然后，利用所测量的第一电流I-LOOP1、第一端电压值V-TERM1、第二电流I-LOOP2以及第二端电压值V-TERM2来计算出2线电流回路50的等效阻抗R-LOOP以及电源的输出电压V-SUPPLY。在计算出电源的输出电压V-SUPPLY之后，将所计算出的输出电压V-SUPPLY与预定电压阈值比较来诊断HART控制回路是否出现故障。
如上给出了针对HART控制回路上仅仅具有单个HART变送器的HART控制回路故障监测和诊断解决方案。然而，在实际HART控制回路中，为了节省成本，HART控制回路上通常会具有多个并联的HART变送器分支回路。由于具有多个并联的HART变送器分支回路的HART控制回路的电路结构复杂，图1及图2中示出的利用电源的输出电压V-SUPPLY与预定电压阈值进行比较的方案不能实现对多个分支回路中的故障分支回路的准确定位和诊断。
发明内容
鉴于上述，本公开提供了用于HART控制回路监测的方法、装置和系统。利用该方法、装置和系统，能够实现对多个分支回路中的故障分支回路的准确定位和诊断。
根据本公开的一个方面，提供了一种用于HART控制回路监测的方法，所述HART控制回路具有多个分支回路，每个分支回路至少由变送器和执行器构成，所述方法包括：判断各个分支回路的变送器中是否存在输出电流变化值超过第一预定阈值或者输出端电压变化值超过第二预定阈值的变送器；在存在输出电流变化值超过所述第一预定阈值或者输出端电压变化值超过所述第二预定阈值的变送器时，通知所有变送器上报各自的当前输出电流值和当前输出端电压值；根据所有变送器所上报的当前输出电流值和当前输出端电压值，确定所述HART控制回路的等效阻抗网络中的各个等效节点的当前阻抗值；以及基于所确定出的等效阻抗网络中的各个等效节点的当前阻抗值，确定所述HART控制回路中是否存在故障回路。
可选地，在上述方面的一个示例中，基于所确定出的等效阻抗网络中的各个等效节点的当前阻抗值，确定所述HART控制回路中是否存在故障回路可以包括：将所确定出的各个等效节点的阻抗值中的阻抗变化值大于第三预定阈值的等效节点所对应的回路分段确定为故障回路。
可选地，在上述方面的一个示例中，所述等效阻抗网络中的各个等效节点的初始阻抗值是在初始化阶段利用下述过程确定的：为所述各个变送器提供至少两个输入电流值；以及利用各个变送器在所提供的至少两个输入电流值下的输出电流值和输出端电压值，确定所述等效阻抗网络中的各个等效节点的初始阻抗值。
可选地，在上述方面的一个示例中，基于所确定出的等效阻抗网络中的各个等效节点的当前阻抗值，确定所述HART控制回路中是否存在故障回路可以包括：利用所确定出的等效阻抗网络中的各个等效节点的当前阻抗值，确定所述各个变送器的端电压随输出电流值的变化曲线；以及针对所确定的变化曲线，将在工作输出电流区间所对应的输出端电压值中存在低于预定端电压值的端电压值的变化曲线所对应的变送器所涉及的回路分段确定为故障回路。
可选地，在上述方面的一个示例中，将所确定的变化曲线中存在低于预定端电压值的变化曲线所对应的变送器所涉及的回路分段，确定为故障回路可以包括：显示所确定出的各个变送器的变化曲线，以供用户将在工作输出电流区间所对应的输出端电压值中存在低于预定端电压值的端电压 值的变化曲线所对应的变送器所涉及的回路分段确定为故障回路。
可选地，在上述方面的一个示例中，所述方法还可以包括：在被确定为存在故障回路时，将故障回路确定结果发送给用户。
根据本公开的另一方面，提供了一种用于HART控制回路监测的装置，所述HART控制回路具有多个分支回路，每个分支回路至少由变送器和执行器构成，所述装置包括：判断单元，被配置为判断各个分支回路的变送器中是否存在输出电流变化值超过第一预定阈值或者输出端电压变化值超过第二预定阈值的变送器；通知单元，被配置为在是否存在输出电流变化值超过所述第一预定阈值或者输出端电压变化值超过所述第二预定阈值的变送器时，通知所有变送器上报各自的当前输出电流值和当前输出端电压值；阻抗值确定单元，被配置为根据所有变送器所上报的当前输出电流值和当前输出端电压值，确定所述HART控制回路的等效阻抗网络中的各个等效节点的当前阻抗值；以及故障回路确定单元，被配置为基于所确定出的等效阻抗网络中的各个等效节点的当前阻抗值，确定所述HART控制回路中是否存在故障回路。
可选地，在上述方面的一个示例中，所述故障回路确定单元可以被配置为：将所确定出的各个等效节点的阻抗值中的阻抗变化值大于第三预定阈值的等效节点所对应的回路分段确定为故障回路。
可选地，在上述方面的一个示例中，所述装置还可以包括：输入电流提供单元，被配置为在初始化阶段向所述各个变送器提供至少两个输入电流值，以及所述阻抗值确定单元被配置为：利用所述各个变送器在所提供的至少两个输入电流值下的输出电流值和输出端电压值，确定所述等效阻抗网络中的各个等效节点的初始阻抗值。
可选地，在上述方面的一个示例中，所述故障回路确定单元可以包括：变化曲线确定模块，被配置为利用所确定出的等效阻抗网络中的各个等效节点的当前阻抗值，确定所述各个变送器的端电压随输出电流值的变化曲线；以及故障回路确定模块，被配置为针对所确定的变化曲线，将在工作输出电流区间所对应的输出端电压值中存在低于预定端电压值的端电压值的变化曲线所对应的变送器所涉及的回路分段确定为故障回路。
可选地，在上述方面的一个示例中，所述故障回路确定模块可以利用 变化曲线显示模块来实现，所述变化曲线显示模块被配置为：显示所确定出的各个变送器的变化曲线，以供用户将所确定的变化曲线中存在低于预定端电压值的变化曲线所对应的变送器所涉及的回路分段确定为故障回路。
可选地，在上述方面的一个示例中，所述装置还可以包括：发送单元，被配置为在被确定为存在故障回路时，将故障回路确定结果发送给用户。
根据本公开的另一方面，提供了一种用于HART控制回路监测的系统，所述HART控制回路具有多个分支回路，每个分支回路至少由变送器和控制阀构成，所述系统包括：至少一个电流监测装置，设置在各个分支回路中的变送器处，被配置为持续监测各个变送器的输出电流值；至少一个电压监测装置，设置在各个分支回路中的变送器处，被配置为持续监测各个变送器的输出端电压值；以及如上所述的用于HART回路监测的装置。
可选地，在上述方面的一个示例中，所述系统还可以包括显示装置，被配置为显示所确定的故障回路确定结果。
根据本公开的另一方面，提供了一种计算设备，包括：至少一个处理器；以及与所述至少一个处理器耦合的存储器，用于存储指令，当所述指令被所述至少一个处理器执行时，使得所述处理器执行如上所述的用于HART控制回路监测的方法。
根据本公开的另一方面，提供了一种非暂时性机器可读存储介质，其存储有可执行指令，所述指令当被执行时使得所述机器执行如上所述的用于HART控制回路监测的方法。
根据本公开的另一方面，提供了一种计算机程序，包括计算机可执行指令，所述计算机可执行指令在被执行时使至少一个处理器执行如上所述的用于HART控制回路监测的方法。
根据本公开的另一方面，提供了一种计算机程序产品，所述计算机程序产品被有形地存储在计算机可读介质上并且包括计算机可执行指令，所述计算机可执行指令在被执行时使至少一个处理器执行如上所述的用于HART控制回路监测的方法。
利用本公开的方法和装置，通过在HART控制回路中的任何一个变送器的输出电流变化值或者输出端电压变化值超过预定阈值时，通知所有变 送器上报当前输出电流值和当前输出电压值，基于该当前输出电流值和当前输出电压值确定HART控制回路的等效阻抗网络中的各个等效节点的当前阻抗值，然后利用所确定的等效阻抗网络中的各个等效节点的当前阻抗值来确定HART控制回路是否存在故障回路，能够实现对多个分支回路中的故障分支回路的准确定位和诊断。
利用本公开的方法和装置，通过计算所确定出的等效阻抗网络中的各个等效节点的当前阻抗值相对于上次确定出的阻抗值的阻抗值，并且将阻抗变化值与第三预定阈值进行比较来确定HART控制回路中的故障回路，能够实现对多个分支回路中的故障分支回路的实时定位和诊断。
利用本公开的方法和装置，通过计算所确定出的等效阻抗网络中的各个等效节点的当前阻抗值，并基于所计算出的等效阻抗网络的当前阻抗值来确定各个变送器的端电压值随输出电流变化曲线，然后基于所确定的变化曲线来预测HART控制回路中将来可能出现的故障回路，能够实现对多个分支回路进行故障分支回路预测。
附图说明
通过参照下面的附图，可以实现对于本公开内容的本质和优点的进一步理解。在附图中，类似组件或特征可以具有相同的附图标记。
图1示出了一种用于2线HART控制回路监测和诊断的HART控制回路的示意图；
图2示出了2线HART变送器控制器的结构方框图；
图3示出了根据本公开的实施例的HART控制回路的示意图；
图4示出了根据本公开的实施例的HART控制回路监测系统的结构方框示意图；
图5示出了根据本公开的实施例的HART控制回路监测装置的一个示例的结构方框示意图；
图6示出了图3中示出的HART控制回路的等效阻抗网络示意图；
图7示出了根据本公开的实施例的HART控制回路监测方法的流程图；
图8示出了根据本公开的另一实施例的HART控制回路监测装置的一个示例的结构方框示意图；
图9示出了根据本公开的所确定出的变送器输出电流与输出端电压值变化曲线；
图10示出了根据本公开的另一实施例的HART控制回路监测方法的流程图；和
图11示出了根据本公开的实施例的用于HART控制回路监测的计算设备的方框图。
附图标记
1  HART控制回路
10  HART变送器控制器
20  电源
50  2线电流回路
12  数字电路
14  模拟电路
32  存储器
34  微处理器
36  显示/按钮界面
38  数字/模拟输入/输出电路
40  2线电路
42  信号处理电路
44  传感器接口电路
60  传感器
300  HART控制回路
310-1，310-2，310-3  HART变送器
311-1，311-2，311-3  执行器
320  电源
330  HART控制回路监测系统
400  HART控制回路监测系统
410  HART控制回路监测装置
420  显示装置
430  至少一个电流监测装置
440  至少一个电压监测装置
411  输入电流提供单元
413  判断单元
415  通知单元
416  阻抗值确定单元
417，417’  故障回路确定单元
418  变化曲线确定模块
419  故障回路确定模块
1  变送器1
2  变送器2
3  变送器3
4  变送器4
S700  HART控制回路监测方法
S710  执行初始化过程以获取等效阻抗网络中的各个等效节点的初始阻抗值
S720  持续监测各个变送器的输出电流值和输出端电压值
S730  是否存在输出电流变化超过第一预定阈值或输出端电压变化超过第二预定阈值
S740  通知所有变送器上报当前输出电流值和当前输出端电压值
S750  确定等效阻抗网络中的各个等效节点的当前阻抗值
S760  判断等效阻抗网络的各个等效节点的当前阻抗值中是否存在阻抗变化值大于第三预定阈值的等效节点
S770  将阻抗变化值大于第三预定阈值的等效节点所对应的回路分段确定为故障回路
S1010  持续监测各个变送器的输出电流值和输出端电压值
S1020  是否存在输出电流变化超过第一预定阈值或输出端电压变化超过第二预定阈值
S1030通知所有变送器上报当前输出电流值和当前输出端电压值
S1040  确定等效阻抗网络的各个等效节点的当前阻抗值
S1050  利用所确定出的等效阻抗网络中的各个等效节点的当前阻抗值，确定所述各个变送器的端电压随输出电流值的变化曲线
S1060  针对所确定的变化曲线，判断是否存在在工作输出电流区间所对应的输出端电压值中存在低于预定端电压值的端电压值的变化曲线
S1070  将在工作输出电流区间所对应的输出端电压值中存在低于预定端电压值的端电压值的变化曲线所对应的变送器所涉及的回路分段确定为故障回路
1100  计算设备
1110  至少一个处理器
1120  存储器
具体实施方式
现在将参考示例实施方式讨论本文描述的主题。应该理解，讨论这些实施方式只是为了使得本领域技术人员能够更好地理解从而实现本文描述的主题，并非是对权利要求书中所阐述的保护范围、适用性或者示例的限制。可以在不脱离本公开内容的保护范围的情况下，对所讨论的元素的功能和排列进行改变。各个示例可以根据需要，省略、替代或者添加各种过程或组件。例如，所描述的方法可以按照与所描述的顺序不同的顺序来执行，以及各个步骤可以被添加、省略或者组合。另外，相对一些示例所描述的特征在其它例子中也可以进行组合。
如本文中使用的，术语“包括”及其变型表示开放的术语，含义是“包括但不限于”。术语“基于”表示“至少部分地基于”。术语“一个实施例”和“一实施例”表示“至少一个实施例”。术语“另一个实施例”表示“至少一个其他实施例”。术语“第一”、“第二”等可以指代不同的或相同的对象。下面可以包括其他的定义，无论是明确的还是隐含的。除非上下文中明确地指明，否则一个术语的定义在整个说明书中是一致的。
如本文中所使用的，术语“变送器”是指将所感测的物理量、化学量等信息按一定规律转换成便于测量和传输的标准化信号的装置，其是单元组合仪表的组成部分。变送器是一种输出为标准化信号的传感器。变送器是基于负反馈原理工作的，它主要由测量部分、放大器和反馈部分组成。 其中，测量部分用于检测被测变量x，并将其转换成能被放大器接受的输入信号Zi(电压、电流、位移、作用力或力矩等信号)。反馈部分则把变送器的输出信号y转换成反馈信号Zf，再回送至输入端。Zi与调零信号Zo的代数和同反馈信号Zf进行比较，其差值ε送入放大器进行放大，并转换成标准输出信号y。变送器通常具有电流监测功能和电压监测功能，能够持续监测变送器在给定输入电流下的输出电流值和端电压值。
通常，变送器可以分为电压输出型变送器和电流输出型变送器。电压输出型变送器具有恒压源的性质，其电压信号的范围为1～5V、0～10v、一10～10V，优选为1～5V、0～10V。电流输出型变送器具有恒流源的性质，其电流信号的范围为0～10mA、0～20mA、4～20mA，优选为4～20mA。
变送器可以分为2线变送器和4线变送器。4线变送器具有两根电源线和两根信号线。2线变送器只有两根外部接线，它们既是电源线又是信号线，电流信号的下限不能为零，但2线变送器的接线少，传送距离长，在工业中应用最为广泛。在本公开中，变送器为2线变送器。
图3示出了根据本公开的实施例的HART控制回路300的示意图。如图3所示，HART控制回路300包括3个HART变送器310-1、310-2、310-3，3个执行器311-1，311-2，311-3，电源320和HART控制回路监测系统330。在本公开中，HART控制回路也可以称为HART网络。
电源320和HART控制回路监测系统330分别通过2线电流回路与3个HART变送器310-1、310-2、310-3和3个执行器311-1，311-2，311-3电连接，其中，HART变送器310-1和执行器311-1串联，HART变送器310-2和执行器311-2串联，以及HART变送器310-3和执行器311-3串联，然后，所形成的三个串联电路相互并联地连接到电源320和HART控制回路监测系统330的两端上，如图3中所示。
图4示出了根据本公开的实施例的HART控制回路监测系统400的结构方框示意图。如图4所示，HART控制回路监测系统400包括HART控制回路监测装置410和显示装置420。
HART控制回路监测装置410与各个变送器电连接。HART控制回路监测装置410被配置为从各个变送器接收利用变送器的电流监测功能和电压 监测功能所监测的该变送器的输出电流值和输出端电压值，并且基于所接收的各个变送器的输出电流值和输出端电压值，确定HART控制回路中是否存在故障回路。HART控制回路监测装置410的功能结构和操作流程将在下面参照图5到图10进行说明。
HART控制回路监测系统400还包括显示装置420。显示装置420被配置为向用户呈现所确定的故障回路确定结果。所述故障回路确定结果可以采用文本格式、视频格式、音频格式等进行呈现。相应地，显示装置420可以是文本呈现装置(比如，显示设备等)、视频呈现装置或音频呈现装置。这里要说明的，在本公开的其它示例中，HART控制回路监测系统400也可以不包括显示装置420。此外，可选地，显示装置420也可以是HART控制回路监测装置410的组件。
此外，可选地，HART控制回路监测系统400也可以不利用变送器的电流监测功能和电压监测功能来监测变送器的输出电流值和端电压值。例如，HART控制回路监测系统400可以包括至少一个电流监测装置430。该至少一个电流监测装置430被布置在HART控制回路的各个HART变送器处，比如，布置在图3中示出的HART变送器310-1、310-2和310-3处。可选地，电流监测装置430的数目可以被设置为与HART变送器的数目相等。电流监测装置430被配置为持续监测对应变送器的输出电流值。在本公开中，电流监测装置430可以利用本领域公知的各种电流传感器实现。
HART控制回路监测系统400还可以包括至少一个电压监测装置440。至少一个电压监测装置440被布置在HART控制回路的各个HART变送器处，比如，布置在图3中示出的HART变送器310-1、310-2和310-3处。可选地，电压监测装置440的数目可以被设置为与HART变送器的数目相等。电压监测装置440被配置为持续监测对应变送器的输出端电压值，即，图3中示出的变送器的正极端子(+)和负极端子(-)之间的端电压。在本公开中，电压监测装置440可以利用本领域公知的各种电压传感器实现。
图5示出了根据本公开的实施例的HART控制回路监测装置410的一个示例的结构方框示意图。如图5所示，HART控制回路监测装置410包括输入电流提供单元411、判断单元413、通知单元415、阻抗值确定单元416和故障回路确定单元417。
在初始化阶段，输入电流提供单元411被配置为向各个变送器提供至少两个输入电流值，比如，向变送器的S端子提供至少两个输入电流值。在各个变送器的S端子被提供至少两个输入电流值后，通过对应的电流监测装置430和电压监测装置440或者利用变送器的电流监测功能和电压监测功能，监测该变送器在所提供的至少两个输入电流值下的输出电流值和输出端电压值。然后，阻抗值确定单元416利用所述各个变送器在所提供的至少两个输入电流值下的输出电流值和输出端电压值，确定等效阻抗网络中的各个等效节点的初始阻抗值，如图6中示出的等效阻抗网络中的各个等效节点R0、R1、R1P-R3P、R11-R13、R21-R23和R31-R33的初始阻抗值，该初始阻抗值例如可以是HART控制回路正常工作时各个等效节点的阻抗值。
接着，在HART控制回路工作期间，持续监测各个变送器的输出电流值和输出端电压值，然后传送给HART控制回路监测装置410中的判断单元413。这里，至少一个电流监测装置430、至少一个电压监测装置440或者各个变送器与HART控制回路监测装置410可以采用有线方式或者无线方式进行通信。至少一个电流监测装置430、至少一个电压监测装置440或者变送器可以是主动地将监测结果发送给HART控制回路监测装置410，也可以是在接收到HART控制回路监测装置410的请求后发送给HART控制回路监测装置410。
在接收到所监测的变送器的输出电流值和输出端电压值后，判断单元413判断各个分支回路中的变送器是否存在输出电流变化值超过第一预定阈值或者输出端电压变化值超过第二预定阈值的变送器。这里，第一预定阈值和第二预定阈值可以是任何合适的经验值。输出电流变化值是指当前监测到的输出电流值相对于上次监测到的输出电流值的变化值，以及输出端电压变化值是指当前监测到的输出端电压值相对于上次监测到的输出端电压值的变化值。
通知单元415被配置为在存在输出电流变化值超过第一预定阈值或者输出端电压变化值超过第二预定阈值的变送器时，通知所有变送器上报各自的当前输出电流值和当前输出端电压值。
在接收到所有变送器上报的当前输出电流值和当前输出端电压值后， 阻抗值确定单元416根据所有变送器所上报的当前输出电流值和当前输出端电压值，确定HART控制回路的等效阻抗网络中的各个等效节点的当前阻抗值。
然后，在确定出HART控制回路的等效阻抗网络中的各个等效节点的当前阻抗值后，故障回路确定单元417将所确定出的等效阻抗网络中的各个等效节点的当前阻抗值与上次确定出的各个等效节点的阻抗值进行比较，并且将阻抗变化值大于第三预定阈值的等效节点所对应的回路分段确定为故障回路。这里，第三预定阈值可以是任何合适的经验值。
此外，可选地，HART控制回路监测装置410还可以包括发送单元，用于在被确定为存在故障回路时，将故障回路确定结果发送给用户。例如，发送单元将故障回路确定结果发送给显示装置420，以在显示装置420上向用户呈现。
图6示出了图3中示出的HART控制回路300的等效阻抗网络示意图。如图6中所示，将HART控制回路300划分为多个回路分段，并且将每个回路分段视为一个具有等效阻抗的等效节点，比如R0、R1、R1P-R3P、R11-R13、R21-R23和R31-R33。例如，当确定出等效节点R0的阻抗变化值大于第三预定阈值，则确定阻抗R0所对应的回路分段为故障回路。
图7示出了根据本公开的实施例的HART控制回路监测方法的流程图。该方法由图5中示出的HART控制回路监测装置来执行。
如图7所示，在S710，执行初始化过程。在该初始化过程中，向各个变送器提供至少两个输入电流值，比如，向变送器的S端子提供至少两个输入电流值。在各个变送器的S端子被提供至少两个输入电流值后，经由对应的电流监测装置430和电压监测装置440或者利用变送器的电流监测功能和电压监测功能，监测该变送器在所提供的至少两个输入电流值下的输出电流值和输出端电压值。然后，阻抗值确定单元416利用所监测的所述各个变送器在所提供的至少两个输入电流值下的输出电流值和输出端电压值，确定等效阻抗网络中的各个等效节点的初始阻抗值。
接着，在S720，经由设置在各个变送器处的电流监测装置430和电压监测装置440或者利用变送器的电流监测功能和电压监测功能，持续地监测各个变送器的输出电流值和输出电压值。
在S730，判断各个分支回路的变送器中是否存在输出电流变化值超过第一预定阈值或者输出端电压变化值超过第二预定阈值的变送器。
在存在输出电流变化值超过第一预定阈值或者输出端电压变化值超过第二预定阈值的变送器时，在块S740，通知所有变送器上报各自的当前输出电流值和当前输出端电压值。在不存在输出电流变化值超过第一预定阈值或者输出端电压变化值超过第二预定阈值的变送器时，流程返回到S720，继续监测各个变送器的输出电流值和输出端电压值。
在接收到所有变送器上报的当前输出电流值和当前输出端电压值后，在块S750，根据所有变送器所上报的当前输出电流值和当前输出端电压值，确定HART控制回路的等效阻抗网络中的各个等效节点的当前阻抗值。
然后，在S760，将所确定出的等效阻抗网络中的各个等效节点的当前阻抗值与上次确定出的各个等效节点的阻抗值进行比较，以判断是否存在阻抗变化值大于第三预定阈值的等效节点。
在存在阻抗变化值大于第三预定阈值的等效节点时，在S770，将该等效节点所对应的回路分段确定为故障回路。如果不存在阻抗变化值大于第三预定阈值的等效节点，则流程返回到S720，继续监测各个变送器的输出电流值和输出端电压值。
可选地，在本公开的另一示例中，上述方法还可以包括：在被确定为存在故障回路时，将故障回路确定结果发送给用户，以在用户处进行呈现。例如，在被确定为存在故障回路时，将故障回路确定结果发送给显示装置420，以在显示装置420上向用户呈现。
图8示出了根据本公开的另一实施例的HART控制回路监测装置410’的一个示例的结构方框示意图。如图8所示，HART控制回路监测装置410’包括判断单元413、通知单元415、阻抗值确定单元416和故障回路确定单元417’。故障回路确定单元417’包括变化曲线确定模块418和故障回路确定模块419。
在HART控制回路工作期间，经由至少一个电流监测装置430和至少一个电压监测装置440或者利用变送器的电流监测功能和电压监测功能，持续监测对应变送器的输出电流值和输出端电压值，然后传送给HART控制回路监测装置410中的判断单元413。这里，至少一个电流监测装置430、 至少一个电压监测装置440或者变送器与HART控制回路监测装置410可以采用有线方式或者无线方式进行通信。至少一个电流监测装置430、至少一个电压监测装置440或者变送器可以是主动地将监测结果发送给HART控制回路监测装置410，也可以是在接收到HART控制回路监测装置410的请求后发送给HART控制回路监测装置410。
在接收到所监测的变送器的输出电流值和输出端电压值后，判断单元413判断各个分支回路中的变送器是否存在输出电流变化值超过第一预定阈值或者输出端电压变化值超过第二预定阈值的变送器。这里，第一预定阈值和第二预定阈值可以是任何合适的经验值。
通知单元415被配置为在存在输出电流变化值超过第一预定阈值或者输出端电压变化值超过第二预定阈值的变送器时，通知所有变送器上报各自的当前输出电流值和当前输出端电压值。
在接收到所有变送器上报的当前输出电流值和当前输出端电压值后，阻抗值确定单元416根据所有变送器所上报的当前输出电流值和当前输出端电压值，确定HART控制回路的等效阻抗网络中的各个等效节点的当前阻抗值。
在确定出HART控制回路的等效阻抗网络中的各个等效节点的当前阻抗值后，故障回路确定单元417’中的变化曲线确定模块418利用所确定出的等效阻抗网络中的各个等效节点的当前阻抗值，确定所述各个变送器的端电压随输出电流值的变化曲线。然后，故障回路确定模块419针对所确定的变化曲线，将在工作输出电流区间所对应的输出端电压值中存在低于预定端电压值的端电压值的变化曲线所对应的变送器所涉及的回路分段确定为故障回路。
在本公开的一个示例中，故障回路确定模块419可以利用变化曲线显示模块来实现。相应地，变化曲线显示模块被配置为显示所确定出的各个变送器的变化曲线。然后，用户根据所显示的变化曲线，将在工作输出电流区间所对应的输出端电压值中存在低于预定端电压值的端电压值的变化曲线所对应的变送器所涉及的回路分段确定为故障回路。
图9示出了根据本公开的所确定出的变送器输出电流与输出端电压值变化曲线，其中，横轴表示输出电流值，其单位为mA，纵轴表示输出端电 压值，其单位为V。假设变送器的端电压阈值为16V，则基于图9，可以预测变送器3和4无法在全程内正常工作，从而需要对变送器3和4进行维护。
此外，可选地，HART控制回路监测装置430’还可以包括发送单元，用于在被确定为存在故障回路时，将故障回路确定结果发送给用户。例如，发送单元将故障回路确定结果发送给显示装置，以在显示装置上向用户呈现。
图10示出了根据本公开的另一实施例的HART控制回路监测方法的流程图。该方法由图8中示出的HART控制回路监测装置430’来执行。
如图10所示，在S1010，经由设置在各个变送器处的电流监测装置410和电压监测装置420或者利用变送器的电流监测功能和电压监测功能，持续地监测各个变送器的输出电流值和输出电压值。
在S1020，判断各个分支回路的变送器中是否存在输出电流变化值超过第一预定阈值或者输出端电压变化值超过第二预定阈值的变送器。
在存在输出电流变化值超过第一预定阈值或者输出端电压变化值超过第二预定阈值的变送器时，在块S1030，通知所有变送器上报各自的当前输出电流值和当前输出端电压值。在不存在输出电流变化值超过第一预定阈值或者输出端电压变化值超过第二预定阈值的变送器时，流程返回到S1010，继续监测各个变送器的输出电流值和输出端电压值。
在接收到所有变送器上报的当前输出电流值和当前输出端电压值后，在块S1040，根据所有变送器所上报的当前输出电流值和当前输出端电压值，确定HART控制回路的等效阻抗网络中的各个等效节点的当前阻抗值。
然后，在S1050，利用所确定出的等效阻抗网络中的各个等效节点的当前阻抗值，确定所述各个变送器的端电压随输出电流值的变化曲线。然后，在S1060，针对所确定的变化曲线，确定是否存在在工作输出电流区间所对应的输出端电压值中存在低于预定端电压值的端电压值的变化曲线。
在存在在工作输出电流区间所对应的输出端电压值中存在低于预定端电压值的端电压值的变化曲线时，在S1070，将该变化曲线所对应的变送器所涉及的回路分段确定为故障回路。如果不存在在工作输出电流区间所对应的输出端电压值中存在低于预定端电压值的端电压值的变化曲线，则流 程返回到S1010，继续监测各个变送器的输出电流值和输出端电压值。
可选地，在本公开的另一示例中，上述方法还可以包括：在被确定为存在故障回路时，将故障回路确定结果发送给用户，以在用户处进行呈现。例如，在被确定为存在故障回路时，将故障回路确定结果发送给显示装置420，以在显示装置420上向用户呈现。
如上参照图1到图10，对根据本公开的用于HART控制回路监测的方法、装置以及系统的实施例进行了描述。上面的HART控制回路监测装置可以采用硬件实现，也可以采用软件或者硬件和软件的组合来实现。
在本公开中，HART控制回路监测装置可以利用计算设备实现。图11示出了根据本公开的用于HART控制回路监测的计算设备1100的方框图。根据一个实施例，计算设备1100可以包括至少一个处理器1110，处理器1110执行在计算机可读存储介质(即，存储器1120)中存储或编码的至少一个计算机可读指令(即，上述以软件形式实现的元素)。
在一个实施例中，在存储器1120中存储计算机可执行指令，其当执行时使得至少一个处理器1110：判断各个分支回路的变送器中是否存在输出电流变化值超过第一预定阈值或者输出端电压变化值超过第二预定阈值的变送器；在存在输出电流变化值超过所述第一预定阈值或者输出端电压变化值超过所述第二预定阈值的变送器时，通知所有变送器上报各自的当前输出电流值和当前输出端电压值；根据所有变送器所上报的当前输出电流值和当前输出端电压值，确定所述HART控制回路的等效阻抗网络中的各个等效节点的当前阻抗值；以及基于所确定出的等效阻抗网络中的各个等效节点的当前阻抗值，确定所述HART控制回路中是否存在故障回路。
应该理解，在存储器1120中存储的计算机可执行指令当执行时使得至少一个处理器1110进行本公开的各个实施例中以上结合图3-10描述的各种操作和功能。
根据一个实施例，提供了一种非暂时性机器可读介质。该非暂时性机器可读介质可以具有机器可执行指令(即，上述以软件形式实现的元素)，该指令当被机器执行时，使得机器执行本公开的各个实施例中以上结合图3-10描述的各种操作和功能。
根据一个实施例，提供了一种计算机程序，包括计算机可执行指令， 所述计算机可执行指令在被执行时使至少一个处理器执行本公开的各个实施例中以上结合图3-10描述的各种操作和功能。
根据一个实施例，提供了一种计算机程序产品，包括计算机可执行指令，所述计算机可执行指令在被执行时使至少一个处理器执行本公开的各个实施例中以上结合图3-10描述的各种操作和功能。
上面结合附图阐述的具体实施方式描述了示例性实施例，但并不表示可以实现的或者落入权利要求书的保护范围的所有实施例。在整个本说明书中使用的术语“示例性”意味着“用作示例、实例或例示”，并不意味着比其它实施例“优选”或“具有优势”。出于提供对所描述技术的理解的目的，具体实施方式包括具体细节。然而，可以在没有这些具体细节的情况下实施这些技术。在一些实例中，为了避免对所描述的实施例的概念造成难以理解，公知的结构和装置以框图形式示出。
本公开内容的上述描述被提供来使得本领域任何普通技术人员能够实现或者使用本公开内容。对于本领域普通技术人员来说，对本公开内容进行的各种修改是显而易见的，并且，也可以在不脱离本公开内容的保护范围的情况下，将本文所定义的一般性原理应用于其它变型。因此，本公开内容并不限于本文所描述的示例和设计，而是与符合本文公开的原理和新颖性特征的最广范围相一致。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种用于HART控制回路监测的方法(S700，S1000)，所述HART控制回路具有多个分支回路，每个分支回路至少由变送器和执行器构成，所述方法包括：
    判断(S730，S1020)各个分支回路的变送器中是否存在输出电流变化值超过第一预定阈值或者输出端电压变化值超过第二预定阈值的变送器；
    在存在输出电流变化值超过所述第一预定阈值或者输出端电压变化值超过所述第二预定阈值的变送器时，通知(S740，S1030)所有变送器上报各自的当前输出电流值和当前输出端电压值；
    根据所有变送器所上报的当前输出电流值和当前输出端电压值，确定(S750，S1040)所述HART控制回路的等效阻抗网络中的各个等效节点的当前阻抗值；以及
    基于所确定出的等效阻抗网络中的各个等效节点的当前阻抗值，确定所述HART控制回路中是否存在故障回路。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的方法(S700)，其中，基于所确定出的等效阻抗网络中的各个等效节点的当前阻抗值，确定所述HART控制回路中是否存在故障回路包括：
    将所确定出的各个等效节点的阻抗值中的阻抗变化值大于第三预定阈值的等效节点所对应的回路分段确定(S770)为故障回路。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的方法(S700)，其中，所述等效阻抗网络中的各个等效节点的初始阻抗值是在初始化阶段利用下述过程确定(S710)的：
    为所述各个变送器提供至少两个输入电流值；以及
    利用各个变送器在所提供的至少两个输入电流值下的输出电流值和输出端电压值，确定所述等效阻抗网络中的各个等效节点的初始阻抗值。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的方法(S1000)，其中，基于所确定出的等效阻抗网络中的各个等效节点的当前阻抗值，确定所述HART控制回路中是否 存在故障回路包括：
    利用所确定出的等效阻抗网络中的各个等效节点的当前阻抗值，确定(S1050)所述各个变送器的端电压随输出电流值的变化曲线；以及
    针对所确定的变化曲线，将在工作输出电流区间所对应的输出端电压值中存在低于预定端电压值的端电压值的变化曲线所对应的变送器所涉及的回路分段确定(S1070)为故障回路。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的方法(S1000)，其中，将所确定的变化曲线中存在低于预定端电压值的变化曲线所对应的变送器所涉及的回路分段，确定(S1070)为故障回路包括：
    显示所确定出的各个变送器的变化曲线，以供用户将在工作输出电流区间所对应的输出端电压值中存在低于预定端电压值的端电压值的变化曲线所对应的变送器所涉及的回路分段确定为故障回路。
  6. 如权利要求1到5中任一所述的方法(S700，S1000)，还包括：
    在被确定为存在故障回路时，将故障回路确定结果发送给用户。
  7. 一种用于HART控制回路监测的装置(410，410’)，所述HART控制回路具有多个分支回路，每个分支回路至少由变送器和执行器构成，所述装置包括：
    判断单元(413)，被配置为判断各个分支回路的变送器中是否存在输出电流变化值超过第一预定阈值或者输出端电压变化值超过第二预定阈值的变送器；
    通知单元(415)，被配置为在存在输出电流变化值超过第一预定阈值或者输出端电压变化值超过第二预定阈值的变送器时，通知所有变送器上报各自的当前输出电流值和当前输出端电压值；
    阻抗值确定单元(416)，被配置为根据所有变送器所上报的当前输出电流值和当前输出端电压值，确定所述HART控制回路的等效阻抗网络中的各个等效节点的当前阻抗值；以及
    故障回路确定单元(417，417’)，被配置为基于所确定出的等效阻抗网 络中的各个等效节点的当前阻抗值，确定所述HART控制回路中是否存在故障回路。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的装置(410，410’)，其中，所述故障回路确定单元(417)被配置为将所确定出的各个等效节点的阻抗值中的阻抗变化值大于第三预定阈值的等效节点所对应的回路分段确定为故障回路。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的装置(410)，还包括：
    输入电流提供单元(411)，被配置为在初始化阶段向所述各个变送器提供至少两个输入电流值，以及
    所述阻抗值确定单元(416)被配置为：利用所述各个变送器在所提供的至少两个输入电流值下的输出电流值和输出端电压值，确定所述等效阻抗网络中的各个等效节点的初始阻抗值。
  10. 如权利要求7所述的装置(410’)，其中，所述故障回路确定单元(417’)包括：
    变化曲线确定模块(418)，被配置为利用所确定出的等效阻抗网络中的各个等效节点的当前阻抗值，确定所述各个变送器的端电压随输出电流值的变化曲线；以及
    故障回路确定模块(419)，被配置为针对所确定的变化曲线，将在工作输出电流区间所对应的输出端电压值中存在低于预定端电压值的端电压值的变化曲线所对应的变送器所涉及的回路分段确定为故障回路。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的装置(410’)，其中，所述故障回路确定模块(419)利用变化曲线显示模块来实现，
    所述变化曲线显示模块被配置为：显示所确定出的各个变送器的变化曲线，以供用户将所确定的变化曲线中存在低于预定端电压值的变化曲线所对应的变送器所涉及的回路分段确定为故障回路。
  12. 如权利要求7到11中任一所述的装置(410，410’)，还包括：
    发送单元，被配置为在被确定为存在故障回路时，将故障回路确定结果发送给用户。
  13. 一种用于HART控制回路监测的系统(400)，所述HART控制回路具有多个分支回路，每个分支回路至少由变送器和控制阀构成，所述系统包括：
    至少一个电流监测装置(430)，设置在各个分支回路中的变送器处，被配置为持续监测各个变送器的输出电流值；
    至少一个电压监测装置(440)，设置在各个分支回路中的变送器处，被配置为持续监测各个变送器的输出端电压值；以及
    如权利要求7到12中任一所述的装置(410，410’)。
  14. 如权利要求13所述的系统(400)，还包括：
    显示装置(420)，被配置为显示所确定的故障回路确定结果。
  15. 一种计算设备(1100)，包括：
    至少一个处理器(1110)；以及
    与所述至少一个处理器(1110)耦合的存储器(1120)，用于存储指令，当所述指令被所述至少一个处理器(1110)执行时，使得所述处理器(1110)执行如权利要求1到6中任一所述的方法。
  16. 一种非暂时性机器可读存储介质，其存储有可执行指令，所述指令当被执行时使得所述机器执行如权利要求1到6中任一所述的方法。
  17. 一种计算机程序，包括计算机可执行指令，所述计算机可执行指令在被执行时使至少一个处理器执行根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的方法。
  18. 一种计算机程序产品，所述计算机程序产品被有形地存储在计算机可读介质上并且包括计算机可执行指令，所述计算机可执行指令在被执 行时使至少一个处理器执行根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的方法。
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