WO2020059171A1 - Procédé de production d'eau fonctionnelle et générateur d'eau fonctionnelle - Google Patents

Procédé de production d'eau fonctionnelle et générateur d'eau fonctionnelle Download PDF

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WO2020059171A1
WO2020059171A1 PCT/JP2019/008436 JP2019008436W WO2020059171A1 WO 2020059171 A1 WO2020059171 A1 WO 2020059171A1 JP 2019008436 W JP2019008436 W JP 2019008436W WO 2020059171 A1 WO2020059171 A1 WO 2020059171A1
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water
metal
negative electrode
positive electrode
functional water
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PCT/JP2019/008436
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
修一郎 足立
北川　雅規
精一 渡辺
張　麗華
俊太郎 村上
優樹 ▲高▼橋
Original Assignee
日立化成株式会社
国立大学法人北海道大学
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Priority to JP2020547914A priority Critical patent/JPWO2020059171A1/ja
Publication of WO2020059171A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020059171A1/fr

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
    • C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for producing functional water and a functional water generator.
  • alkali ion-reduced water (alkaline ion water, electrolytically reduced water, sometimes simply referred to as "reduced water") obtained by electrolysis of tap water or natural water is rich in minerals such as active hydrogen and calcium ions. It has the effect of improving gastrointestinal symptoms.
  • the production of alkali ion-reduced water is required by an “alkali ion water conditioner” specified in the Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Act (former Pharmaceutical Affairs Law).
  • Acidic water having a pH of about 4.0 to 6.0 has an effect of tightening blood vessels (astringent effect), is used for beauty, and may have a disinfecting and deodorizing effect.
  • Strongly acidic water (pH: 2.7 or less) as functional water often contains hypochlorous acid (HClO) and has excellent sterilization and deodorizing effects, so it is used for cooking, disinfection of medical equipment, etc. And it is said to have an effect on atopic dermatitis.
  • the above-mentioned reduced water and acidic water are generally obtained by electrolysis of water. Specifically, when two electrodes of the anode and cathode a voltage is applied between the electrodes being in contact with the water, the oxidation reaction at the anode (2H 2 O ⁇ 4H + + 4e - + O 2) takes place, the cathode In the reduction reaction (2H 2 O + 2e + ⁇ 2OH - + H 2) takes place. At the anode, the pH decreases as the hydrogen ion (H + ) concentration increases, and acidic water is obtained. On the other hand, at the cathode, the pH increases as the hydroxide ion (OH ⁇ ) concentration increases, and reduced water is obtained.
  • Patent Literature 1 discloses a method for producing reduced water having a high dissolved hydrogen concentration while suppressing an excessive rise in pH by devising an arrangement of electrode plates in an electrolytic cell.
  • Patent Document 2 discloses a method in which the electrolysis mechanism includes a photoelectric conversion element, whereby the electrolysis of water is assisted by the power obtained by photoelectric conversion, and the required power is reduced. ing.
  • Patent Document 3 discloses an air purifying apparatus that utilizes strongly acidic water obtained by electrolysis of water for deodorization and sterilization, and uses strongly alkaline water for cleaning fine particles contaminated in the air.
  • Patent Document 4 discloses a method in which acidic water obtained by electrolysis of water is used as cleaning water for sterilization or antibacterial, and a method in which alkaline water is used as makeup water for corrosion prevention or cooking. Is disclosed.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a method for producing functional water capable of obtaining functional water in a simple manner without requiring external energy, and a method for producing the functional water. It is an object of the present invention to provide a functional water generator capable of performing the following.
  • the first water and the second water are separated from each other, and the positive electrode and the negative electrode are electrically connected to each other.
  • a functional water that is immersed in first water and at least a part of the negative electrode is immersed in the second water, thereby obtaining acidic water in contact with the positive electrode and reducing water in contact with the negative electrode.
  • a manufacturing process is provided. According to such a method for producing functional water, functional water can be obtained by a simple method without requiring external energy.
  • a functional water generator according to another aspect of the present invention is a functional water generator used in the above-described method for producing functional water, wherein the container containing the first water and the second water, A positive electrode and the negative electrode are provided. According to such a functional water generator, functional water can be obtained by a simple method without requiring external energy.
  • the manufacturing method of the functional water which can obtain functional water by a simple method without requiring external energy, and the functional water generator which can be used for the manufacturing method of the said functional water are provided. can do.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view for explaining an example of a method for producing functional water.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining another example of the method for producing functional water.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view for explaining another example of the method for producing functional water.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic sectional view for explaining another example of the method for producing functional water.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating an example of an electrical connection body of a positive electrode and a negative electrode.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a pH change of water in an example of a method for producing functional water.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing another example of the electrical connection between the positive electrode and the negative electrode.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view for explaining an example of a method for producing functional water.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining another example of the method for producing functional water.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view for explaining
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing another example of the electrical connection between the positive electrode and the negative electrode.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing another example of the electrical connection of the positive electrode and the negative electrode.
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the results of measuring the pH of water in Example 2.
  • the term “step” is included in the term, not only in an independent step but also in a case where it cannot be clearly distinguished from other steps as long as the purpose of the step is achieved.
  • the numerical range indicated by using “to” indicates a range including numerical values formed before and after “to” as a minimum value and a maximum value, respectively.
  • the upper limit or the lower limit of a numerical range in one step can be arbitrarily combined with the upper limit or the lower limit of a numerical range in another step.
  • the upper limit or the lower limit of the numerical range may be replaced with the value shown in the embodiment.
  • each component in the composition means the total amount of the plurality of substances present in the composition when there are a plurality of substances corresponding to each component in the composition, unless otherwise specified.
  • equivalent components are denoted by the same reference numerals.
  • the term “positive electrode” refers to an electrically connected member that generates an anode reaction and generates metal ions and electrons.
  • the term “negative electrode” refers to an electrically connected member that generates a hydroxide ion by a cathode reaction.
  • the first water and the second water are separated from each other, and the positive electrode and the negative electrode are electrically connected to each other.
  • the functional water generator according to the present embodiment is a functional water generator used in the method for producing functional water according to the present embodiment, and is at least one selected from the group consisting of the first water and the second water. , The positive electrode, and the negative electrode.
  • the method for producing functional water and the functional water generator according to the present embodiment are an ion separation method for water and a water ion separation device for separating water into acidic water and reduced water.
  • the electrodes (the positive electrode and the negative electrode) is immersed in water (the first water and the second water). That is, the whole of the electrode may be immersed in water, or a part of the electrode may be immersed in water.
  • the order of supply of water (first water and second water), immersion of electrodes (positive electrode and negative electrode) in water, electrical connection of positive electrode and negative electrode, and the like are not limited.
  • the electrode may be immersed in water after supplying the water, or the water may be supplied in a state where the electrode is arranged.
  • the electrode may be immersed in water while the positive electrode and the negative electrode are electrically connected to each other, or the positive electrode and the negative electrode may be electrically connected to each other after immersing the electrode in water.
  • the first water and the second water are separated without contacting each other.
  • Examples of a method of separating the first water and the second water include a method of separating the first water and the second water; a method of using a plurality of containers different from each other; a method of separating the first water and the second water by an electrode.
  • the first water and the second water may be isolated in the same container, or may be isolated by being accommodated in a plurality of different containers.
  • the first water and the second water can be separated by one or more metal members having electrodes (positive and / or negative electrodes).
  • the positive electrode and the negative electrode may be electrically connected to each other by directly contacting each other, or may be electrically connected to each other via a conductive member.
  • a method for electrically connecting the positive electrode and the negative electrode can be appropriately selected depending on the type and material of the electrode, the material of the partition member, and the like.
  • the positive electrode and the negative electrode are elongate, for example, but may extend substantially parallel to the bottom surface of the container, or may extend in a direction substantially perpendicular to the bottom surface of the container.
  • a functional water generator 100a includes a container 20 that contains water 10 (a first water 10a and a second water 10b), a positive electrode 30a, A negative electrode 30b and a partition member 40 are provided.
  • the first water 10a and the second water 10b are separated from each other by a partition member 40.
  • the positive electrode 30a and the negative electrode 30b constitute an electrical connection body 50, and are electrically connected to each other by direct contact.
  • the positive electrode 30 a and the negative electrode 30 b are long and extend substantially parallel to the bottom surface of the container 20.
  • the electrical connection body 50 penetrates the partition member 40.
  • the positive electrode 30a is completely immersed in the first water 10a, and the negative electrode 30b is completely immersed in the second water 10b.
  • the functional water generator 100b is such that a positive electrode 30a and a negative electrode 30b are electrically connected to each other via a conductive member (for example, a wiring member) 30c. And is different from the functional water generator 100a.
  • the electrical connector 50 has a positive electrode 30a, a negative electrode 30b, and a conductive member 30c.
  • the functional water generator 100c includes a container 20 that stores a first container 20a that stores a first water 10a and a second container 10a that stores a second water 10b. And the partition member 40 is not disposed, and the conductive member 30c is connected to the positive electrode 30a and the negative electrode 30b via the outside of the container 20 (outside of the water 10). It differs from the functional water generator 100b in that it is performed.
  • the functional water generator 100 d includes a positive electrode 30 a in which the partition member 40 is not provided and extends in a direction substantially orthogonal to the bottom surface of the container 20.
  • the functional water generator 100a differs from the functional water generator 100a in that the first water 10a and the second water 10b are separated from each other by the negative electrode 30b.
  • the functional water generator includes a removal device (impurity removal device) for removing at least one impurity selected from the group consisting of metal ions, colloids, salts and complexes from at least one type selected from the group consisting of acidic water and reduced water.
  • the metal ion may be at least one selected from the group consisting of a first metal ion described below and a second metal ion described later.
  • a removal device a mechanism that filters and recovers water containing precipitates such as poorly soluble colloids and complexes; and supplies oxygen to water containing water-soluble ions to convert water-soluble ions into water-soluble ions A mechanism that oxidizes ions and then collects them as a precipitate may be used.
  • the first metal member including the first metal has a positive electrode and a negative electrode, and the standard electrode potential of the first metal is higher than ⁇ 2.00 V and 1.18 V or less.
  • the negative electrode is covered with a conductive film.
  • an electrical connector 50a shown in FIG. 5 can be used as the electrical connector according to the first embodiment.
  • the electrical connection body 50a includes a metal member (first metal member) 60 including a first metal and a conductive film (conductive protective film) 70.
  • the standard electrode potential of the first metal is higher than -2.00V.
  • the metal member 60 has a positive electrode 30a and a negative electrode 30b, and the negative electrode 30b is covered with a conductive film 70.
  • the portion of the metal member 60 that is not covered by the conductive film 70 functions as the positive electrode 30a, and the portion of the metal member 60 that is covered by the conductive film 70 functions as the negative electrode 30b.
  • the positive electrode 30a and the negative electrode 30b are made of a metal member 60.
  • the negative electrode 30 b is covered with the conductive film 70.
  • the range of the portion covered with the conductive film 70 in the metal member 60 is not particularly limited. For example, when the metal member 60 is long, substantially half in the longitudinal direction of the metal member 60 may be covered with the conductive film 70.
  • the method for producing functional water according to the first embodiment may include a step of disposing the conductive film 70 on the surface of the negative electrode 30b before the functional water producing step.
  • a mechanism of generating functional water (a mechanism of ion separation of water) in the first embodiment will be described.
  • the mechanism for generating functional water is not limited to the following mechanism.
  • a metal corrosion reaction is a reaction in which an anodic reaction in which a metal is dissolved as metal ions and a cathodic reaction in which an oxidizing agent in water is reduced are combined.
  • the reaction represented by the following reaction formula (1) is an anodic reaction.
  • the reaction represented by the following reaction formula (2) and the reaction represented by the following reaction formula (3) are both cathode reactions.
  • the reaction shown in the following reaction formula (2) occurs when water is acidic.
  • the reaction represented by the following reaction formula (3) occurs when water is neutral or alkaline or when water contains dissolved oxygen.
  • electrons generated in the reaction shown in the following reaction formula (1) decompose water to form hydroxide ions. (OH ⁇ ) and hydrogen gas (H 2 ) may be generated.
  • the standard electrode potential of the metal is positive, it is generally considered that the anodic reaction represented by the following reaction formula (1) does not occur.
  • the metal is ionized, and metal ions (M n + ) are generated as shown in the following reaction formula (5).
  • the metal ion ( Mn + ) dissolved in water by the reaction of the following reaction formula (1) or the following reaction formula (5) is a hydroxide formed by the reaction of the following reaction formula (3) or the following reaction formula (4). Reacts with ions (OH ⁇ ). As a result, as shown in the following reaction formula (6), a hydroxide (M (OH) n ) is generated. Depending on the type of metal, another hydroxide (for example, M (OH) n + 1 ) may be generated from the hydroxide (M (OH) n ) as shown in the following reaction formula (7).
  • the following reaction formula (7) is a reaction in which a hydroxide (M (OH) n ) is oxidized by dissolved oxygen in water.
  • another hydroxide for example, M (OH) n + 1
  • M (OH) n + 1 another hydroxide
  • M (OH) n + 1 another hydroxide
  • M (OH) n + 1 another hydroxide
  • the anodic reaction shown in the above reaction formula (1) and the cathodic reaction shown in the above reaction formula (2) or (3) proceed at the same location or adjacent location on the surface of the metal member, generally, It may be referred to as a local cell.
  • the production of reduced water resulting from the production of hydroxide ions (OH ⁇ ) by the cathode reaction shown in the above reaction formula (3) and the hydroxide shown in the above reaction formula (8) Conventionally, it has been difficult to separate acidic water and hydrogen water (H + ) caused by the reaction between the two and hydrogen water (H + ).
  • a corrosion reaction of iron represented by the following reaction formula (1a) proceeds in the positive electrode 30a.
  • the above reaction formula (3) corresponding to the following reaction formula (1a) occurs. That is, although the above-described local battery may be formed in the positive electrode 30a, the negative electrode 30b is not covered with the conductive film 70, so that the corrosion reaction of iron is unlikely to occur. happenss preferentially. That is, most of the electrons generated by the anode reaction of the positive electrode 30a move to the negative electrode 30b.
  • dissolved oxygen is not contained in water, it is considered that a part of the electrons generated in the anode reaction of the positive electrode 30a is consumed in the reaction represented by the above reaction formula (4).
  • the iron ion (Fe 2+ ) generated in the following reaction formula (1a) reacts to produce iron hydroxide (II) (Fe (OH) 2 ) as shown in the following reaction formula (6a).
  • the concentration of hydrogen ions (H + ) generated by the following reaction formula (8a) increases, the water on the positive electrode 30a side changes to acidic water, and in the negative electrode 30b, the above reaction formula (3) ), The concentration of hydroxide ion (OH ⁇ ) increases, and the water on the negative electrode 30b side is changed to reduced water.
  • the water molecules are eliminated from the iron (III) hydroxide (Fe (OH) 3 ) generated on the side of the positive electrode 30a, and as shown in the following reaction formula (9a), iron oxide (Fe 2 O 3 ) is obtained. Occurs.
  • FIG. 6 is a graph for explaining the above mechanism in more detail, and is a graph showing a change in pH of water on the positive electrode side and water on the negative electrode side in the water ion separation method.
  • a solid line indicates a pH change on the positive electrode side
  • a dashed line indicates a pH change on the negative electrode side.
  • the positive electrode first, an increase in pH is observed immediately after immersion in water (region A in the figure). This is due to a cathode reaction as a local battery shown in the above reaction formula (3) or a hydroxide ion (OH ⁇ ) generated by a water decomposition reaction by electrons shown in the above reaction formula (4). It is. Next, the pH decreases (region B in the figure).
  • the conductive film may have conductivity. Since the surface of the negative electrode is covered with the conductive film, contact between the first metal and water in water is suppressed, and the above reaction formula (1) (the above reaction formula (1a) when the first metal is iron) is used. ) Does not progress, and for example, the cathode reaction represented by the above reaction formula (3) is accelerated.
  • the conductive film may contain a conductivity-imparting agent.
  • a conductivity-imparting agent conductive particles made of a metal, a carbon material (carbon), or the like can be used.
  • the method for producing functional water may include a conductive film forming step of coating the negative electrode with a conductive film before the functional water preparation step.
  • the conductive film can be formed by applying a composition containing a conductivity-imparting agent to the surface of the negative electrode, followed by drying, curing, or sintering.
  • the composition containing the conductivity-imparting agent include an ink or paste obtained by dispersing the conductivity-imparting agent in a liquid (such as an organic solvent).
  • a conductive film can be formed by applying oil-based magic to the surface of a metal member and then drying it, and a portion coated with oil-based magic can be used as a negative electrode.
  • the conductive film may include a metal having a standard electrode potential higher than the standard electrode potential of the first metal included in the metal member.
  • the metal having a standard electrode potential higher than the standard electrode potential of the first metal may be a second metal described later.
  • the conductive film preferably contains gold from the viewpoint of easily obtaining functional water.
  • the metal member and the conductive film containing the second metal are electrically connected, galvanic corrosion occurs when immersed in water, and the corrosion rate of the second metal is reduced.
  • the cathode reaction represented by the reaction formula (3) is accelerated. That is, a structure in which a portion where a metal having a standard electrode potential higher than the standard electrode potential of the first metal is formed is used as a negative electrode is equivalent to a third embodiment described later.
  • the method for forming a metal having a standard electrode potential higher than the standard electrode potential of the first metal as the conductive film is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a sputtering method, a vacuum evaporation method, and a pulse laser deposition (PLD: Pulse @ Laser) method. Deposition) or the like may be used.
  • the film may be formed using an electroless plating method. After applying a paste containing a metal having a high standard electrode potential to the surface of the metal member by screen printing, inkjet, or the like, the paste is dried and cured by heating or the like.
  • the conductive film may be formed by sintering. In this case, various conditions for film formation can be appropriately selected so as not to cause dissolution, corrosion or peeling of the metal member by the chemical solution, excessive oxidation of the metal member due to heat treatment, and the like.
  • the first metal member including the first metal has a positive electrode and a negative electrode, and the standard electrode potential of the first metal is higher than ⁇ 2.00 V and 1.18 V or less.
  • the negative electrode has been surface modified.
  • the electrical connector 50b has a metal member (first metal member) 60 containing a first metal.
  • the standard electrode potential of the first metal is higher than -2.00V.
  • the metal member 60 has a surface modification layer 60a.
  • the metal member 60 has the positive electrode 30a and the negative electrode 30b, and a portion of the metal member 60 where the surface modified layer 60a is not formed functions as the positive electrode 30a, and the surface modified layer 60a of the metal member 60 is formed.
  • the positive electrode 30a and the negative electrode 30b are made of a metal member 60. In the functional water preparation step in the second embodiment, the surface of the negative electrode 30b is modified.
  • the range of the surface modification of the metal member 60 is not particularly limited. For example, when the metal member 60 is long, approximately half in the longitudinal direction of the metal member 60 may be surface modified.
  • the method for producing functional water according to the second embodiment may include a surface modification step for modifying the surface of the negative electrode 30b before the functional water preparation step.
  • the mechanism for generating functional water (the mechanism for separating ions by water) in the second embodiment is different from the one in which the surface modified layer 60a is used in the second embodiment instead of using the conductive film in the first embodiment.
  • the present inventors presume that is the same as in the first embodiment. That is, in the metal member 60 according to the second embodiment, the anodic reaction proceeds preferentially in the positive electrode 30a where the surface modified layer 60a is not formed, and the cathodic reaction proceeds in the negative electrode 30b where the surface modified layer 60a is formed. Proceed with priority.
  • the hydrogen ion (H + ) concentration increases on the positive electrode 30a side and the hydroxide ion (OH ⁇ ) concentration on the negative electrode 30b side. Will be higher.
  • the surface modification may be performed by, for example, machining, chemical treatment, or electric discharge treatment of the surface of the metal member.
  • mechanical processing include grinding using abrasive paper, buffs, grindstones, and the like; blast processing and the like.
  • the chemical treatment include etching with an acid or an alkali.
  • the discharge treatment include a glow discharge treatment and an arc discharge treatment.
  • the surface modification layer can be called a contaminant removal layer, a surface active layer, or the like.
  • a mechanism in which a portion of the metal member where the surface modification layer is formed functions as a negative electrode will be described.
  • the metal surface is often covered with a natural oxide film.
  • a natural oxide film For example, when aluminum is used, the progress of corrosion may be suppressed even when immersed in water because the surface is covered with an aluminum oxide immobile body.
  • Contaminants include cleaning agents, sweat from the human body, flux, corrosive gases, oils, and the like. Therefore, by removing these contaminants, the metal surface is uniformly covered with the natural oxide film, so that the metal is less likely to corrode than the portion (the positive electrode) where the surface is not modified (that is, the surface modified layer).
  • the side provided with serves as a negative electrode). It is to be noted that the local destruction of the oxide film may be caused by a scratch due to processing or the like. In that case, the same effect can be obtained by removing the layer containing the flaw and flattening the metal surface.
  • the surface active layer as a surface modification layer refers to a state in which molecular bond chains on the metal surface are decomposed by plasma particles generated by, for example, discharge treatment. Thereby, it is considered that the metal surface after the treatment is terminated with oxygen in the atmosphere, covered with a uniform natural oxide film, and the progress of subsequent corrosion is suppressed.
  • the first metal member including the first metal has the positive electrode
  • the second metal member including the second metal has the negative electrode
  • the standard electrode potential of the first metal is lower than ⁇ 2.00V. 1.18 V or less
  • the standard electrode potential of the first metal is lower than the standard electrode potential of the second metal.
  • the electrical connection body 50c includes a metal member (first metal member) 80a including a first metal and a metal member (second metal member) including a second metal. 80b.
  • the metal member 80a has a positive electrode 30a
  • the metal member 80b has a negative electrode 30b.
  • the metal member 80a functions as the positive electrode 30a
  • the metal member 80b functions as the negative electrode 30b.
  • the positive electrode 30a is composed of a metal member 80a
  • the negative electrode 30b is composed of a metal member 80b.
  • the metal member 80a and the metal member 80b are electrically connected to each other by direct contact.
  • the standard electrode potential of the first metal is higher than -2.00 V and 1.18 V or less.
  • the standard electrode potential of the first metal is lower than the standard electrode potential of the second metal.
  • a mechanism for generating functional water (a mechanism for ion-separating water) in the third embodiment will be described.
  • the mechanism for generating functional water is not limited to the following mechanism.
  • the anode reaction proceeds preferentially in the metal member 80a serving as the positive electrode 30a
  • the cathode reaction proceeds preferentially in the metal member 80b serving as the negative electrode 30b.
  • the concentration of hydrogen ions (H + ) increases on the positive electrode 30a side
  • the concentration of hydroxide ions (OH ⁇ ) increases on the negative electrode 30b side.
  • This can be considered, for example, as follows. That is, since the metal member 80a and the metal member 80b are electrically connected, galvanic corrosion occurs when immersed in water. Galvanic corrosion occurs when two metals having different standard electrode potentials are brought into contact in water.
  • a metal having a low standard electrode potential is referred to as a “base metal”.
  • the metal with the higher standard electrode potential is called "noble metal”.
  • the corrosion rate of a base metal immersed in water with a noble metal is greater than the corrosion rate of a base metal when only a base metal is immersed in water.
  • the corrosion rate of a noble metal immersed in water together with a base metal is lower than the corrosion rate of a noble metal when only a noble metal is immersed in water.
  • the standard electrode potential of the first metal is lower than the standard electrode potential of the second metal. That is, the first metal is a noble metal, and the second metal is a noble metal.
  • the first metal member including the base first metal is preferentially corroded by galvanic corrosion (that is, the reaction formula (1) The reaction shown in (1) proceeds).
  • the metal member 80a and the metal member 80b are electrically connected, the electrons (e ⁇ ) generated by the reaction shown in the reaction formula (1) flow from the metal member 80a to the metal member 80b, and The cathode reaction of the above-mentioned reaction formula (2) or (3) occurs preferentially on the surface.
  • the reaction represented by the above reaction formula (3) proceeds.
  • a metal corrosion reaction (anode reaction) represented by the reaction formula (1) occurs first, and then a cathode reaction as a local battery represented by the reaction formula (3) occurs.
  • the hydroxide ion (OH ⁇ ) generated by the decomposition reaction of water by electrons shown in the above reaction formula (4) reacts with the metal ion generated in the above reaction formula (1), Hydroxides are generated as shown in (6). Further, the concentration of hydrogen ions (H + ) is increased by the direct reaction between the hydroxide and water shown in the above reaction formula (8), and the water on the positive electrode 30a side is changed to acidic water. On the other hand, in the metal member 80b as the negative electrode 30b, the concentration of hydroxide ion (OH ⁇ ) generated by the above reaction formula (3) increases, and the water on the negative electrode 30b side is changed to reduced water.
  • the electrical connection according to the third embodiment may be the electrical connection 50d shown in FIG.
  • the electrical connection body 50d electrically connects the metal member (first metal member) 90a including the first metal, the metal member (second metal member) 90b including the second metal, and the metal member 90a and the metal member 90b. And a conductive member 30c to be connected.
  • the metal member 90a has a positive electrode 30a
  • the metal member 90b has a negative electrode 30b.
  • the metal member 90a functions as the positive electrode 30a
  • the metal member 90b functions as the negative electrode 30b.
  • the metal member 90a and the metal member 90b are electrically connected to each other via the conductive member 30c.
  • the standard electrode potential of the first metal is higher than -2.00 V and 1.18 V or less.
  • the standard electrode potential of the first metal is lower than the standard electrode potential of the second metal.
  • the standard electrode potential of the first metal included in the first metal member of the electrical connection according to the first to third embodiments is higher than -2.00V.
  • the standard electrode potential is a potential generated when electrons are exchanged in a redox reaction system in a liquid.
  • Tables 1 and 2 show the electrode reaction of each element in water and the standard electrode potential of each element.
  • the standard electrode potential is also used as a measure of the susceptibility of a metal to corrosion.
  • the standard electrode potential of metals that are easily soluble in water and easily ionized is low.
  • the standard electrode potential of the first metal is preferably higher than -2.00 V from the viewpoint of the reactivity of the first metal with water and the solubility of the ions of the first metal in water, and -1.
  • the voltage is more preferably 80 V or higher, still more preferably -1.70 V or higher, particularly preferably -1.50 V or higher, very preferably -1.00 V or higher, and -0.80 V or higher. Is very preferable, and more preferably ⁇ 0.50 V or more.
  • the standard electrode potential of the first metal is preferably 1.18 V or less, and less than 1.18 V, from the viewpoint of the reactivity of the first metal with water and the solubility of the ions of the first metal in water.
  • the standard electrode potential of the first metal is higher than -2.00 V and 1.18 V or less from the viewpoints of the reactivity of the first metal with water and the solubility of ions of the first metal in water. Is preferably higher than -2.00 V and lower than 1.18 V, more preferably higher than -2.00 V and lower than 1.00 V, and more preferably ⁇ 1.80 to 0.80 V.
  • Is particularly preferred it is very preferably ⁇ 1.70 to 0.60 V, very preferably ⁇ 1.50 to 0.50 V, and still more preferably ⁇ 1.00 to 0.40 V. , -0.80 V to 0.20 V, particularly preferably -0.50 V or more and less than 0 V.
  • the first metal is, for example, copper, bismuth, tungsten, lead, tin, molybdenum, nickel, cobalt, indium, cadmium, iron, zinc, chromium, ytterbium, niobium, vanadium, manganese, zirconium, titanium, aluminum, thorium, beryllium. And at least one selected from the group consisting of europium and europium.
  • the standard electrode potential of copper 0.52 V can be used.
  • the first metal preferably contains at least one selected from the group consisting of iron and zinc, and more preferably contains iron.
  • the first metal preferably contains iron
  • a corrosion reaction in the positive electrode the above-mentioned reaction formula (1a)
  • a hydroxide formation reaction the above-mentioned reaction formulas (6a), (7a) and (8a)
  • the hydrogen ion generation reaction proceeds effectively, and is suitable for separating functional water.
  • the standard electrode potential of the second metal included in the second metal member of the electrical connection according to the third embodiment is, for example, higher than -2.00 V and 1.18 V or less.
  • the standard electrode potential of the first metal is lower than the standard electrode potential of the second metal.
  • the standard electrode potential of the second metal is preferably higher than -2.00 V from the viewpoints of the reactivity of the second metal with water and the solubility of ions of the second metal in water, and -1.
  • the voltage is more preferably 99 V or higher, further preferably -1.90 V or higher, particularly preferably -1.80 V or higher, extremely preferably -1.70 V or higher, and -1.50 V or higher. Is still more preferable, and it is still more preferable that it is ⁇ 1.20 V or more.
  • the standard electrode potential of the second metal is preferably 1.18 V or less, and more preferably 1.00 V or less, from the viewpoint of the reactivity of the second metal with water and the solubility of ions of the second metal in water.
  • the standard electrode potential of the second metal is higher than -2.00 V and 1.18 V or less from the viewpoint of the reactivity of the second metal with water and the solubility of ions of the second metal in water. Is preferably higher than ⁇ 2.00 V and lower than or equal to 1.00 V, further preferably ⁇ 1.99 to 1.00 V, and particularly preferably ⁇ 1.90 to 1.00 V. , -1.80 to 0.80 V, very preferably -1.70 to 0.60 V, even more preferably -1.50 to 0.50 V, -1 More preferably, it is from .20 to 0.40V.
  • the standard electrode potential of the second metal is more preferably ⁇ 1.99 to 1.18 V or ⁇ 1.90 to 1.18 V.
  • the difference between the standard electrode potential of the first metal and the standard electrode potential of the second metal is preferably larger than 0.20 V from the viewpoint that the corrosion of the first metal as the positive electrode easily proceeds.
  • the second metal a metal different from the first metal is selected.
  • the second metal is, for example, gold, platinum, iridium, palladium, silver, rhodium, copper, bismuth, tungsten, lead, tin, molybdenum, nickel, cobalt, indium, cadmium, iron, zinc, chromium, ytterbium, niobium, vanadium. , Manganese, zirconium, and titanium.
  • the combination of the first metal and the second metal is not particularly limited as long as the standard electrode potential of the first metal is lower than the standard electrode potential of the second metal.
  • the combination of the first metal and the second metal may be, for example, an embodiment in which the first metal is zinc and the second metal is copper.
  • An embodiment may be such that the first metal is zinc and the second metal is tungsten.
  • An embodiment may be such that the first metal is zinc and the second metal is nickel.
  • An embodiment may be such that the first metal is zinc and the second metal is silver.
  • An embodiment may be such that the first metal is iron and the second metal is copper.
  • An embodiment in which the first metal is aluminum and the second metal is copper may be used.
  • the first metal may be titanium, and the second metal may be tungsten.
  • the first metal member is not particularly limited as long as it is a member including the first metal (simple).
  • the first metal member may be made of only the first metal.
  • the first metal member may include an oxide of the first metal in addition to the first metal. However, a member composed of only the first metal oxide does not correspond to the first metal member.
  • the content of the first metal in the first metal member is from 10.0 to 100.0 mass% based on the total mass of the first metal member from the viewpoint of the reaction rate at the positive electrode and the total amount of electrons moving to the negative electrode. %, More preferably 15.0 to 100.0% by mass, still more preferably 20.0 to 100.0% by mass, and 50.0 to 100.0% by mass.
  • the content be 80.0 to 100.0% by mass, and it is very preferable that the content be 90.0 to 100.0% by mass.
  • the content of the first metal in the first metal member may be less than 100.0% by mass based on the total mass of the first metal member. The higher the content of the first metal in the first metal member, the more easily the corrosion reaction as the positive electrode proceeds, and the more effective the ion separation of water.
  • the second metal member is not particularly limited as long as it is a member including the second metal (simple).
  • the second metal member may be made of only the second metal.
  • the second metal member may include an oxide of the second metal in addition to the second metal. However, a member consisting only of the oxide of the second metal does not correspond to the second metal member.
  • the content of the second metal in the second metal member is preferably 10.0 to 100.0% by mass based on the total mass of the second metal member, from the viewpoint of the progress of the cathode reaction on the negative electrode surface. , More preferably 15.0 to 100.0% by mass, still more preferably 20.0 to 100.0% by mass, particularly preferably 50.0 to 100.0% by mass.
  • the content of the second metal in the second metal member may be less than 100.0% by mass based on the total mass of the second metal member. The higher the content of the second metal in the second metal member, the more the cathode reaction at the negative electrode proceeds, and the more effective the water ion separation.
  • the metal member may include an alloy.
  • the first metal member may include an alloy of the first metal, or may include only the alloy of the first metal.
  • the composition of the alloy of the first metal is not particularly limited as long as the composition contains the first metal.
  • the alloy of the first metal may be, for example, an iron alloy, a copper alloy, a zinc alloy, or the like.
  • the second metal member may include an alloy of the second metal, or may include only the alloy of the second metal.
  • the composition of the alloy of the second metal is not particularly limited as long as the composition contains the second metal.
  • the alloy of the second metal may be, for example, an iron alloy, a copper alloy, a zinc alloy, or the like.
  • the standard electrode potential of the first metal may be the standard electrode potential of the alloy.
  • the second metal is an alloy
  • the standard electrode potential of the second metal may be the standard electrode potential of the alloy.
  • the first metal member may include an alloy of the first metal, and the second metal member may include an alloy of the second metal.
  • iron alloys include Fe—C alloys, Fe—Au alloys, Fe—Al alloys, Fe—B alloys, Fe—Ce alloys, Fe—Cr alloys, Fe—Cr—Ni alloys, and Fe alloys.
  • Copper alloys include Cu-Sn based alloys, Cu-Ni based alloys, Cu-Zn based alloys, Cu-P based alloys, Cu-Sn-P based alloys, Cu-Al based alloys, Cu-Zn-Sn based alloys , Cu-Zn-Mn alloy, Cu-Zn-Si alloy, Cu-Zn-Ni alloy, Cu-Mn alloy, Cu-Be alloy, Cu-Ag alloy, Cu-Zr alloy, etc. No.
  • Examples of the zinc alloy include a Zn—Ni alloy, a Zn—Sb alloy, a Zn—Cu alloy, a Zn—Al alloy, and a Zn—Mg alloy.
  • the content of the first metal in the alloy of the first metal is preferably 10.0% by mass or more, more preferably 15.0% by mass or more, from the viewpoint of the corrosion reaction efficiency in the positive electrode, and 20. More preferably, it is 0% by mass or more.
  • the content of the first metal in the alloy of the first metal is preferably 99.9% by mass or less, more preferably 99.8% by mass or less, from the viewpoint of the corrosion reaction efficiency in the positive electrode. More preferably, it is at most 5% by mass.
  • the content of the first metal in the alloy of the first metal is preferably 10.0 to 99.9% by mass, and more preferably 15.0 to 99.8% by mass from the viewpoint of the corrosion reaction efficiency in the positive electrode. Is more preferably 20.0 to 99.5% by mass.
  • the content of the second metal in the alloy of the second metal is preferably 10.0% by mass or more, more preferably 15.0% by mass or more, from the viewpoint of the cathode reaction efficiency at the negative electrode, and 20. More preferably, it is 0% by mass or more.
  • the content of the second metal in the alloy of the second metal is preferably 99.9% by mass or less, more preferably 99.8% by mass or less, and more preferably 99.8% by mass or less, from the viewpoint of the cathode reaction efficiency at the negative electrode. More preferably, it is at most 5% by mass.
  • the content of the second metal in the alloy of the second metal is preferably 10.0 to 99.9% by mass, and more preferably 15.0 to 99.8% by mass from the viewpoint of the cathode reaction efficiency at the negative electrode. Is more preferably 20.0 to 99.5% by mass.
  • the first metal member may further include other atoms that are inevitably mixed.
  • the content of other atoms inevitably mixed may be, for example, 3.0% by mass or less based on the total mass of the first metal member.
  • the content of the above atoms contained in the first metal member is preferably 1.0% by mass or less, more preferably 0.8% by mass or less, from the viewpoint of the corrosion reaction efficiency at the positive electrode. It is more preferably at most 0.5% by mass, particularly preferably at most 0.2% by mass.
  • the second metal member may further include other atoms that are inevitably mixed.
  • the content of other atoms inevitably mixed may be, for example, 3.0% by mass or less based on the total mass of the second metal member.
  • the content of the above atoms contained in the second metal member is preferably 1.0% by mass or less, more preferably 0.8% by mass or less, from the viewpoint of cathode reaction efficiency at the negative electrode. It is more preferably at most 5 mass%, particularly preferably at most 0.2 mass%, particularly preferably at most 0.1 mass%.
  • the shapes of the first metal member and the second metal member are not particularly limited. Examples of the shape of the first metal member and the second metal member include a plate shape, a block shape, a round wire shape, a sheet shape, a shape obtained by combining these, and the like.
  • the shapes of the first metal member and the second metal member are plate-shaped, block-shaped from the viewpoint of the specific surface area as a reaction field of the anode reaction and the cathode reaction, the volume resistance as the metal member, and the workability of immersion in water. It is preferably in the shape of a sheet or a sheet.
  • the method for electrically connecting the positive electrode and the negative electrode is not particularly limited.
  • the positive electrode and the negative electrode may be in direct contact.
  • the positive electrode and the negative electrode may be welded.
  • the positive electrode and the negative electrode may be electrically connected via a conductive member.
  • the electrical connection between the positive electrode and the negative electrode does not mean an electrical connection via water.
  • the positive electrode and the negative electrode are electrically connected via a conductive member (for example, a wiring member).
  • a conductive member for example, a wiring member
  • the positive electrode and the negative electrode are not in direct contact.
  • the conductive material of the conductive member may include at least one selected from the group consisting of a wiring material, a brazing material, and a solder. Examples of the wiring material include copper, silver, gold, platinum, aluminum, chromium, nickel, iron, tin, and lead.
  • the positive electrode and the negative electrode may be electrically connected by laminating the positive electrode and the negative electrode via a brazing material or solder.
  • connection using brazing material is effective when electrical conductivity is required.
  • connection using a brazing material is particularly effective.
  • the brazing material a material having a known composition can be used.
  • the brazing material is silver brazing (Ag-Cu-Au based alloy), brass brazing (Cu-Zn based alloy), phosphor copper brazing (Cu-P based alloy), aluminum brazing (Al-Si based alloy), etc. Good.
  • the solder may be Sn-Pb-based solder, Sn-Pb-Ag-based solder, Sn-Ag-Cu-based solder, or the like. Considering the influence on the environment, the solder is preferably a Sn—Ag—Cu-based solder that does not substantially contain lead.
  • the solder may be heated to a temperature equal to or higher than the melting point. Specifically, when the solder is a Sn—Pb-based solder, the solder may be heated to a temperature range of 230 to 300 ° C. to melt the solder.
  • the material and dimensions of the partition member that separates water on the positive electrode side and water on the negative electrode side are not particularly limited.
  • the material of the partition member may be the same as the material of the container, or may be different.
  • Examples of the material of the separator include polyethylene, polystyrene, polyamide, polyester, cellulose resin, silicone resin, fluorine resin, acrylic resin, phenol resin, polyolefin, cellophane, kraft paper, vinylon-mixed paper, synthetic pulp-mixed paper, and polyolefin nonwoven fabric. , Cupra nonwoven fabric, polyamide nonwoven fabric, glass fiber nonwoven fabric, alumina, silicon carbide, aluminum nitride, boron nitride, sialon, and the like.
  • a diaphragm specifically, an ion-conductive polymer membrane, an ion-conductive solid electrolyte membrane, a polyolefin porous membrane, a cellulose porous membrane, etc.
  • the ion conductive polymer membrane include a cation exchange membrane and an anion exchange membrane. More specifically, Salemion APS (registered trademark) (AGC), Nafion (registered trademark) (DuPont), Neosepta (registered trademark) (Astom) and the like can be mentioned.
  • ATC Salemion APS
  • Nafion registered trademark
  • DuPont Nafion (registered trademark)
  • Neosepta registered trademark
  • the cation exchange membrane a fluorine ion exchange membrane (for example, trade name: Nafion 117, manufactured by DuPont) can be used.
  • At least one kind of water selected from the group consisting of the first water and the second water is pure water, ion-exchanged water, rainwater, tap water, river water, well water, filtered water, distilled water, reverse osmosis water, spring water, At least one selected from the group consisting of spring water, dam water, and seawater may be included.
  • the water is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of pure water, ion-exchanged water, and tap water from the viewpoints of anode reaction efficiency at the positive electrode, cathode reaction efficiency at the negative electrode, and productivity of functional water.
  • river water, well water, dam water, seawater and the like can also be suitably used.
  • the pH of the water is not particularly limited.
  • the pH of the water may be, for example, between 5.0 and 10.0.
  • the pH of water is preferably from 5.5 to 9.5, and more preferably from 6.0 to 9.0, from the viewpoint of productivity of acidic water and reduced water as functional water.
  • the pH of the water may be between 5.5 and 8.2, or between 5.5 and 7.5.
  • the pH of water may be measured by, for example, a pH meter (LAQUAact, a portable pH meter / water quality meter) manufactured by Horiba, Ltd.
  • LAQUAact a portable pH meter / water quality meter
  • the cathode reaction at the negative electrode represented by the above reaction formula (3) proceeds efficiently, and the ion separation efficiency of water is improved.
  • the upper limit of the dissolved oxygen concentration in water may be, for example, 10.0 mg / L.
  • the dissolved oxygen concentration in the water may be measured by, for example, a pH meter (LAQUAact, portable pH meter / water quality meter) manufactured by HORIBA, Ltd.
  • LAQUAact portable pH meter / water quality meter
  • the electric conductivity of water is not particularly limited.
  • the electric conductivity of water may be, for example, 80000 ⁇ S / cm or less.
  • the electric conductivity of water is preferably 10,000 ⁇ S / cm or less, more preferably 5000 ⁇ S / cm or less, from the viewpoint of anode reaction efficiency at the positive electrode, cathode reaction efficiency at the negative electrode, and productivity of functional water. , 1.0 ⁇ S / cm or less.
  • the lower limit of the electric conductivity of water may be, for example, 0.05 ⁇ S / cm.
  • the electric conductivity of water may be measured by, for example, a pH meter (LAQUAact, portable pH meter / water quality meter) manufactured by HORIBA, Ltd.
  • LAQUAact portable pH meter / water quality meter
  • the purity of water is not particularly limited.
  • the purity of water means the ratio of the mass of water molecules contained in water.
  • the purity of the water may be, for example, 80.0% by mass or more based on the total mass of the water.
  • the purity of water is 80.0% by mass or more, the influence of impurities on the positive electrode surface and the negative electrode surface can be suppressed.
  • the influence of impurities includes a corrosion reaction in the negative electrode.
  • the purity of water is preferably 85.0% by mass or more, and more preferably 90.0% by mass or more, from the viewpoints of anode reaction efficiency at the positive electrode, cathode reaction efficiency at the negative electrode, and productivity of functional water. More preferred.
  • the upper limit of the purity of water may be, for example, 100.0% by mass.
  • Water purity may be controlled by electrical conductivity.
  • solute concentration and the electrical conductivity are often in a proportional relationship.
  • water in which a plurality of solutes (impurities) are mixed it is difficult to grasp the purity of the water from the value even when the electric conductivity is measured. It is preferable that the purity of water is controlled by the electric conductivity of water.
  • the temperature of the water is not particularly limited.
  • the temperature of the water is preferably from 0 to 80 ° C, more preferably from 2 to 75 ° C, still more preferably from 5 to 70 ° C, from the viewpoint of preventing solidification and evaporation of water and preventing corrosion of metal.
  • the method for producing functional water may include a light irradiation step of irradiating at least one selected from the group consisting of a positive electrode and a negative electrode with light in the functional water preparation step.
  • the light irradiation step is a step of irradiating light to the surface of the electrical connection body of the positive electrode and / or the negative electrode immersed in water.
  • the functional water producing step includes the light irradiation step, the production continuity of the functional water is improved.
  • iron oxide Fe 2 O 3
  • iron oxide generated here may cover the entire surface of the positive electrode, and the corrosion reaction represented by the reaction formula (1a) may not continue.
  • metal oxide nanocrystals may be formed, particularly at the positive electrode.
  • the present inventors speculate that, when iron is used as the first metal, the mechanism for forming nanocrystals by the light irradiation step is as follows. First, iron (III) hydroxide (Fe (OH) 3 ) is generated by the above reaction formula (7a). Thereafter, nanocrystals containing at least one selected from the group consisting of iron oxyhydroxide (FeOOH) and iron oxide (Fe 2 O 3 ) from iron (III) hydroxide (Fe (OH) 3 ) are irradiated with light. Grow on metal surfaces.
  • the nanocrystal may be formed by, for example, light-induced tip growth.
  • the light-induced tip growth means that the tip of the crystal is promoted in a columnar or needle-like shape by light irradiation.
  • the mechanism for forming nanocrystals is not limited to the above reaction mechanism.
  • These nanocrystals are formed from film-like iron (III) hydroxide (Fe (OH) 3 ) covering the surface of the first metal, and when the reaction is completed, they can be peeled off from the base of the nanocrystals. is there. That is, iron as a metal is newly exposed at the portion where the nanocrystals have separated, the corrosion reaction of iron proceeds again, and the cycle as the ion separation reaction of water continues.
  • the wavelength at which the intensity is maximum in the spectrum of light when the functional water preparation step includes the light irradiation step may be 360 nm or more and less than 620 nm.
  • the “light spectrum” may be rephrased as a spectral radiation distribution of light.
  • “Intensity” may be referred to as spectral irradiance or spectral irradiance. That is, the wavelength of the light having the maximum spectral irradiance (intensity) in the spectral radiation distribution (spectrum) of the light used in the light irradiation step may be 360 nm or more and less than 620 nm.
  • the unit of the spectral irradiance (intensity) of light may be, for example, Wm- 2 nm- 1 .
  • a metal oxide for example, iron oxide
  • a metal hydroxide for example, iron hydroxide
  • Easy to control composition The composition of the metal oxide (for example, iron oxide) and the metal hydroxide (for example, iron hydroxide) can be confirmed, for example, by point analysis using energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX).
  • EDX energy dispersive X-ray analysis
  • the wavelength at which the intensity of the light used in the light irradiation step has the maximum is preferably 380 to 600 nm, more preferably 400 to 580 nm.
  • the wavelength may be appropriately adjusted within the above range from the viewpoint of the efficiency of water radiolysis, restrictions on equipment, and prevention of generation of heat energy (heat generation) when the excited electrons are relaxed.
  • the light source of the light used in the light irradiation step is not particularly limited as long as the light can be irradiated.
  • the light source may be, for example, the sun, an LED, a xenon lamp, a mercury lamp, a fluorescent lamp, or the like.
  • the light may be, for example, sunlight or simulated sunlight.
  • the sunlight can be suitably used from the viewpoint that it can be used as a renewable energy that does not exhaust the earth and emits greenhouse gases and the like infinitely.
  • Pseudo sunlight is light that does not use the sun as a light source, and means light whose spectrum matches the spectrum of sunlight.
  • the simulated sunlight can be emitted, for example, by a solar simulator using a metal halide lamp, a halogen lamp, or a xenon lamp.
  • the simulated sunlight can be used for the purpose of evaluating the strength of a material with respect to ultraviolet rays, the evaluation of a solar cell, or the evaluation of weather resistance.
  • pseudo sunlight can be suitably used.
  • Example 1 A plate-shaped first metal member was formed by rolling iron having a purity of 99.5% by mass.
  • the standard electrode potential of iron (first metal) is -0.44V.
  • the dimensions of the first metal member were 50 mm ⁇ 10 mm ⁇ 0.5 mm.
  • a conductive film made of a gold thin film was formed on a half of the surface of the first metal member by a vacuum evaporation method. By the above method, an electrical connection between the positive electrode and the negative electrode was obtained.
  • Example 2 The electrical connection was immersed in water in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a half of the surface of the first metal member was applied with oily magic and then dried at room temperature (25 ° C.) to form a conductive film. did.
  • Example 3 The electrical connection was immersed in water in the same manner as in Example 2 except for the following points. That is, two plate-shaped first metal members made of 25 mm ⁇ 10 mm ⁇ 0.5 mm iron (purity: 99.5% by mass) were used. With respect to one of the two first metal members, the entire surface of the first metal member was applied with oily magic and then dried at room temperature to form a conductive film. Then, as shown in FIG. 2, a copper wire was attached to the ends of the two first metal members to connect them. The purity of the copper wire was 99.9% by mass. The diameter of the copper wire was 0.5 mm.
  • Example 4 The electrical connection was immersed in water in the same manner as in Example 2 except for the following points. That is, a plate-shaped first metal member made of iron (purity: 99.5% by mass) having a thickness of 10 mm was used. The dimensions of the first metal member were the same as the inner dimensions of the container. As shown in FIG. 4, an entire surface of one surface of the first metal member was applied with oil-based magic and then dried at room temperature to form a conductive film. Next, as shown in FIG. 4, the first metal member on which the conductive film was formed was immersed in pure water.
  • Example 5 After immersing the electrical connector in water in the same manner as in Example 2, a light irradiation step was performed.
  • light was applied to the surface of the electrical connection body of the positive electrode and the negative electrode immersed in water.
  • a xenon lamp was used as a light source.
  • a spot light source (LightningCureLC8) manufactured by Hamamatsu Photonics KK was used.
  • a dedicated optical filter was attached to the xenon lamp, and the wavelength range of light was set to 400 to 600 nm. The light output was 280W. The spectrum of the light was measured with a spectroradiometer.
  • the wavelength having the maximum intensity in the spectrum of light emitted from the xenon lamp was about 493 nm (within a range from 360 nm to less than 620 nm).
  • Example 6 The same positive and negative electrical connection as in Example 1 was prepared. Next, the electrical connection was immersed in water in the same manner as in Example 1 except for the following points. That is, river water was used instead of pure water. The pH of the river water was 7.5. The dissolved oxygen concentration of the river water was 7.8 ppm.
  • Example 7 The procedure of Example 1 was repeated, except that the first metal member made of zinc (purity: 99.8% by mass) was used instead of the iron metal member.
  • An irradiation step was performed.
  • the standard electrode potential of zinc is -0.76V.
  • a UV lamp was used.
  • B-100AP manufactured by UVP was used.
  • the spectrum of the light was measured with the above-mentioned spectroradiometer. As a result, the wavelength having the maximum intensity in the spectrum of the light emitted from the UV lamp was about 365 nm (within a range from 360 nm to less than 620 nm).
  • Example 1 The operation was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the conductive film was not formed on the surface of the first metal member.
  • Example 2 The electrical connector was immersed in water in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the acrylic plate was not used and water on the positive electrode side and water on the negative electrode side were not separated.
  • Example 3 The electrical connection was immersed in water in the same manner as in Example 1 except for the following points. That is, a first metal member made of magnesium (purity: 99.5% by mass) was used instead of the iron metal member.
  • the standard electrode potential of magnesium (first metal) is -2.36V.
  • the dimensions of the first metal member made of magnesium are the same as in the first embodiment.
  • Example 8 A plate-shaped first metal member was formed by rolling iron having a purity of 99.5% by mass.
  • the standard electrode potential of iron (first metal) is -0.44V.
  • the dimensions of the first metal member were 50 mm ⁇ 10 mm ⁇ 0.5 mm.
  • a surface modified layer was formed on half of the surface of the first metal member. Specifically, arc discharge was performed under the conditions of a current density of 120 A / cm 2 and a cathode drop voltage of 5.0 V. By the above method, an electrical connection between the positive electrode and the negative electrode was obtained.
  • Example 9 The electrical connection was immersed in water in the same manner as in Example 8 except for the following points. That is, the surface-modified layer was formed by polishing the first metal member with water-resistant abrasive paper. Specifically, first, the surface of the first metal member was polished with # 400 water-resistant abrasive paper, and then the surface of the first metal member was polished with # 800 water-resistant abrasive paper. Abrasive paper manufactured by Fujimoto Kagaku Co., Ltd. was used as the water-resistant abrasive paper.
  • Example 10 By immersing the electrical connector in water by performing the same procedure as in Example 8, a light irradiation step was performed in the same manner as in Example 5.
  • a plate-shaped first metal member was formed by rolling zinc having a purity of 99.8% by mass.
  • the standard electrode potential of zinc (first metal) is -0.76V.
  • the dimensions of the first metal member were 50 mm ⁇ 10 mm ⁇ 0.5 mm.
  • a plate-shaped second metal member was formed by rolling copper having a purity of 99.9% by mass.
  • the standard electrode potential of copper (second metal) is 0.34V.
  • the dimensions of the second metal member were 50 mm ⁇ 10 mm ⁇ 0.5 mm.
  • a copper wire was attached to the ends of the first metal member and the second metal member to connect them.
  • the purity of the copper wire was 99.9% by mass.
  • the diameter of the copper wire was 0.5 mm.
  • Example 12 The electrical connection was immersed in water in the same manner as in Example 11 except for the following points. That is, as shown in FIG. 3, water on the positive electrode side and water on the negative electrode side were put in different containers without using the partition material of the acrylic plate. Further, the positive electrode and the negative electrode were electrically connected by connecting the first metal member and the second metal member with a copper wire passing through the outside of the container (outside of water).
  • Example 13 The light irradiation step was performed in the same manner as in Example 7 after the electrical connection was immersed in water in the same manner as in Example 11.
  • Example 14 The electrical connection was immersed in water in the same manner as in Example 11 except for the following points. That is, iron (purity: 99.5% by mass) was used instead of zinc as the first metal member.
  • the standard electrode potential of iron (first metal) is -0.44V.
  • the dimensions of the first metal member made of iron are the same as in the first embodiment.
  • seawater was used instead of pure water. The pH of the seawater was 8.5. The dissolved oxygen concentration of seawater was 4.5 ppm.
  • Example 15 An electrical process was performed in the same manner as in Example 14 except that water on the positive electrode side and water on the negative electrode side were separated using a fluorine-based ion exchange membrane (manufactured by DuPont, trade name: Nafion 117) instead of the acrylic plate. The connection body was immersed in water.
  • a fluorine-based ion exchange membrane manufactured by DuPont, trade name: Nafion 117
  • Example 11 (Comparative Example 4) Example 11 was repeated except that the first metal member and the second metal member were not electrically connected using the copper wire.
  • Example 5 in Example 5, there was a tendency that the pH of water on the positive electrode side was lower and the pH of water on the negative electrode side was higher than in Example 2.
  • Example 5 in which the light irradiation step was performed after the nanocrystals composed of iron oxide were formed on the surface of the positive electrode (first metal member), the nanocrystals were detached, and the step of exposing the first metal was repeated.
  • Comparative Examples 1 to 4 the pH of the water on the positive electrode side and the water on the negative electrode side hardly changed.
  • Comparative Example 1 since no distinction was made between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, the anodic reaction and the cathodic reaction occurred locally and in a region close to each other (so-called ordinary metal corrosion reaction occurred). It is considered that the flow of electrons in the first metal member necessary for separating the functional water did not occur.
  • Comparative Example 2 the partition water was not used, and the water on the positive electrode side and the water on the negative electrode side were not separated, so that the acidic water and reduced water generated by the ion separation were mixed by the convection of water. Conceivable.
  • Comparative Example 3 a large amount of Mg (OH) 2 was formed on the surface of the first metal member.
  • the standard electrode potential of magnesium is -2.36V. It is considered that the direct reaction between magnesium and water progressed because the first metal member was magnesium, and the transfer of electrons from the positive electrode to the negative electrode did not occur.
  • Comparative Example 4 since the first metal member and the second metal member are not electrically connected, galvanic corrosion (electron transfer) does not occur, and it is apparent that functional water does not clearly separate.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de production d'eau fonctionnelle, le procédé comprenant une étape de création d'eau fonctionnelle dans laquelle, dans un état où une première eau 10a et une seconde eau 10b sont isolées l'une de l'autre et une électrode positive 30a et une électrode négative 30b sont électriquement connectées l'une à l'autre, au moins une partie de l'électrode positive 30a est immergée dans la première eau 10a et au moins une partie de l'électrode négative 30b est immergée dans la seconde eau 10b, moyennant quoi on obtient de l'eau acide qui est entrée en contact avec l'électrode positive 30a, et de l'eau régénérée qui est entrée en contact avec l'électrode négative 30b, le procédé étant en outre conçu de telle sorte que l'électrode positive 30a comprend un métal ayant un potentiel d'électrode standard qui dépasse -2,00 V sans dépasser 1,18 V
PCT/JP2019/008436 2018-09-18 2019-03-04 Procédé de production d'eau fonctionnelle et générateur d'eau fonctionnelle WO2020059171A1 (fr)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113479975A (zh) * 2021-07-01 2021-10-08 辽宁锦海医药科技有限公司 一种氧化电位酸性水的制备方法及其应用

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JPS6434488A (en) * 1987-07-31 1989-02-03 Ibbott Jack Kenneth Sheet type ion generator and operating method thereof
JPH01123691A (ja) * 1987-11-06 1989-05-16 Jack Kenneth Ibbott 液体のイオン化装置
JP2006009101A (ja) * 2004-06-25 2006-01-12 Kobe Steel Ltd 酸化還元反応装置
JP2006307333A (ja) * 2005-03-31 2006-11-09 Nittetsu Mining Co Ltd 硫化水素の処理方法、水素の製造方法および光触媒反応装置
JP2007021427A (ja) * 2005-07-20 2007-02-01 Shunji Nishi 廃水処理装置
WO2011162372A1 (fr) * 2010-06-25 2011-12-29 国立大学法人京都工芸繊維大学 Matériau photocatalyseur et dispositif photocatalyseur
JP2012050905A (ja) * 2010-08-31 2012-03-15 Ihi Corp 炭酸ガス固定方法及び炭酸ガス固定装置
JP3196171U (ja) * 2014-11-28 2015-02-26 洋二 早川 通水型電池作用水生成装置
JP2017004667A (ja) * 2015-06-08 2017-01-05 富士電機株式会社 電気化学装置及び該電気化学装置が組み込まれた排ガス浄化装置

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6434488A (en) * 1987-07-31 1989-02-03 Ibbott Jack Kenneth Sheet type ion generator and operating method thereof
JPH01123691A (ja) * 1987-11-06 1989-05-16 Jack Kenneth Ibbott 液体のイオン化装置
JP2006009101A (ja) * 2004-06-25 2006-01-12 Kobe Steel Ltd 酸化還元反応装置
JP2006307333A (ja) * 2005-03-31 2006-11-09 Nittetsu Mining Co Ltd 硫化水素の処理方法、水素の製造方法および光触媒反応装置
JP2007021427A (ja) * 2005-07-20 2007-02-01 Shunji Nishi 廃水処理装置
WO2011162372A1 (fr) * 2010-06-25 2011-12-29 国立大学法人京都工芸繊維大学 Matériau photocatalyseur et dispositif photocatalyseur
JP2012050905A (ja) * 2010-08-31 2012-03-15 Ihi Corp 炭酸ガス固定方法及び炭酸ガス固定装置
JP3196171U (ja) * 2014-11-28 2015-02-26 洋二 早川 通水型電池作用水生成装置
JP2017004667A (ja) * 2015-06-08 2017-01-05 富士電機株式会社 電気化学装置及び該電気化学装置が組み込まれた排ガス浄化装置

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113479975A (zh) * 2021-07-01 2021-10-08 辽宁锦海医药科技有限公司 一种氧化电位酸性水的制备方法及其应用

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