WO2020057124A1 - 一种激光器阵列、激光光源及激光投影设备 - Google Patents

一种激光器阵列、激光光源及激光投影设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020057124A1
WO2020057124A1 PCT/CN2019/084117 CN2019084117W WO2020057124A1 WO 2020057124 A1 WO2020057124 A1 WO 2020057124A1 CN 2019084117 W CN2019084117 W CN 2019084117W WO 2020057124 A1 WO2020057124 A1 WO 2020057124A1
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Prior art keywords
light
transmitting
laser
laser array
emitting
Prior art date
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PCT/CN2019/084117
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
田有良
李巍
周子楠
Original Assignee
青岛海信激光显示股份有限公司
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Priority claimed from CN201811095963.9A external-priority patent/CN110928118B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201811095997.8A external-priority patent/CN110928120B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201811118508.6A external-priority patent/CN110928123A/zh
Priority claimed from CN201811095967.7A external-priority patent/CN110928119B/zh
Application filed by 青岛海信激光显示股份有限公司 filed Critical 青岛海信激光显示股份有限公司
Priority to US16/708,406 priority Critical patent/US11467477B2/en
Publication of WO2020057124A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020057124A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N9/00—Details of colour television systems
    • H04N9/12—Picture reproducers
    • H04N9/31—Projection devices for colour picture display, e.g. using electronic spatial light modulators [ESLM]
    • H04N9/3141—Constructional details thereof
    • H04N9/315—Modulator illumination systems
    • H04N9/3167—Modulator illumination systems for polarizing the light beam
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B19/00—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics
    • G02B19/0033—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the use
    • G02B19/0047—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the use for use with a light source
    • G02B19/0052—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the use for use with a light source the light source comprising a laser diode
    • G02B19/0057—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the use for use with a light source the light source comprising a laser diode in the form of a laser diode array, e.g. laser diode bar
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/28—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising
    • G02B27/286—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising for controlling or changing the state of polarisation, e.g. transforming one polarisation state into another
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/48—Laser speckle optics
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/14—Details
    • G03B21/20—Lamp housings
    • G03B21/2006—Lamp housings characterised by the light source
    • G03B21/2013—Plural light sources
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/14—Details
    • G03B21/20—Lamp housings
    • G03B21/2006—Lamp housings characterised by the light source
    • G03B21/2033—LED or laser light sources
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/14—Details
    • G03B21/20—Lamp housings
    • G03B21/2073—Polarisers in the lamp house
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/14—Details
    • G03B21/20—Lamp housings
    • G03B21/208—Homogenising, shaping of the illumination light
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
    • H01S5/005—Optical components external to the laser cavity, specially adapted therefor, e.g. for homogenisation or merging of the beams or for manipulating laser pulses, e.g. pulse shaping
    • H01S5/0085—Optical components external to the laser cavity, specially adapted therefor, e.g. for homogenisation or merging of the beams or for manipulating laser pulses, e.g. pulse shaping for modulating the output, i.e. the laser beam is modulated outside the laser cavity
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
    • H01S5/02—Structural details or components not essential to laser action
    • H01S5/022—Mountings; Housings
    • H01S5/0225—Out-coupling of light
    • H01S5/02257—Out-coupling of light using windows, e.g. specially adapted for back-reflecting light to a detector inside the housing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
    • H01S5/40—Arrangement of two or more semiconductor lasers, not provided for in groups H01S5/02 - H01S5/30
    • H01S5/4012—Beam combining, e.g. by the use of fibres, gratings, polarisers, prisms
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
    • H01S5/40—Arrangement of two or more semiconductor lasers, not provided for in groups H01S5/02 - H01S5/30
    • H01S5/4025—Array arrangements, e.g. constituted by discrete laser diodes or laser bar
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
    • H01S5/40—Arrangement of two or more semiconductor lasers, not provided for in groups H01S5/02 - H01S5/30
    • H01S5/4025—Array arrangements, e.g. constituted by discrete laser diodes or laser bar
    • H01S5/4087—Array arrangements, e.g. constituted by discrete laser diodes or laser bar emitting more than one wavelength
    • H01S5/4093—Red, green and blue [RGB] generated directly by laser action or by a combination of laser action with nonlinear frequency conversion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N9/00—Details of colour television systems
    • H04N9/12—Picture reproducers
    • H04N9/31—Projection devices for colour picture display, e.g. using electronic spatial light modulators [ESLM]
    • H04N9/3102—Projection devices for colour picture display, e.g. using electronic spatial light modulators [ESLM] using two-dimensional electronic spatial light modulators
    • H04N9/312—Driving therefor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N9/00—Details of colour television systems
    • H04N9/12—Picture reproducers
    • H04N9/31—Projection devices for colour picture display, e.g. using electronic spatial light modulators [ESLM]
    • H04N9/3141—Constructional details thereof
    • H04N9/315—Modulator illumination systems
    • H04N9/3161—Modulator illumination systems using laser light sources
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N9/00—Details of colour television systems
    • H04N9/12—Picture reproducers
    • H04N9/31—Projection devices for colour picture display, e.g. using electronic spatial light modulators [ESLM]
    • H04N9/3141—Constructional details thereof
    • H04N9/315—Modulator illumination systems
    • H04N9/3164—Modulator illumination systems using multiple light sources

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of laser display technology, and in particular, to a laser array and related laser light sources and laser projection equipment.
  • speckle refers to the fact that when a coherent light source irradiates a rough object, the scattered light has the same wavelength and a constant phase, which causes interference in space. Some parts of the space have interference constructive and some parts have interference cancellation. Granular light and dark spots appear on the display end, which causes the degradation of the projected image quality.
  • freckle speckle solutions are usually based on the addition of freckle speckle elements in the transmission optical path, which increases the complexity of the light path.
  • the effect of the freckle speckle is also related to the light processing efficiency of the optical path design, which greatly limits the freckle speckle problem of the entire optical system. solve.
  • This application provides a laser array, including:
  • the light emitting part is used for emitting a laser beam, and a light transmitting part is provided along the light emitting direction of the light emitting part for transmitting the laser beam; wherein the light transmitting part includes a first light transmitting area, a second light transmitting area, and a first light transmitting area.
  • the second light-transmitting region and the second light-transmitting region are arranged such that the light beams transmitted through the two regions from the light-emitting portion have different polarization directions.
  • the light-emitting portion includes a light-emitting chip provided on a metal substrate for emitting the laser beam, and the light-transmitting portion is further configured to surround the metal substrate to form a sealed space to seal the light-emitting chip. Within the sealed space.
  • the light-emitting portion further includes a metal substrate.
  • the first light-transmitting region and the second light-transmitting region are disposed such that the polarization directions of the light beams transmitted through the two regions from the light emitting portion are orthogonal; or,
  • the first light-transmitting region and the second light-transmitting region are arranged such that the light beams transmitted through the two regions from the light emitting section are linearly polarized light and circularly polarized light, respectively; or the laser beam emitted from the light emitting chip passes through the first light-transmitting region Behind the second transparent region are linearly polarized light and circularly polarized light.
  • the light transmitting portion includes a window bracket
  • the first light transmitting region includes a plurality of first light transmitting units
  • the second light transmitting region includes a plurality of second light transmitting units, a plurality of first light transmitting units, and a second light transmitting unit.
  • the units are all adhered to the window bracket; or, the light-transmitting portion includes a light-transmitting glass plate, and the light-transmitting glass plate is coated with a region to form a first light-transmitting area and a second light-transmitting area.
  • the curvature of the first light transmitting unit and the second light transmitting unit is zero.
  • one of the first light-transmitting region and the second light-transmitting region is provided with a polarity conversion element.
  • the first light-transmitting unit and the second light-transmitting unit are arranged in rows or columns at intervals.
  • each first light-transmitting unit and each second light-transmitting unit are arranged adjacent to each other.
  • one of the first light-transmitting region and the second light-transmitting region is a flat glass or a diffuser, and the other is a half-wave plate or a quarter-wave plate.
  • the collimating part includes a plurality of collimating lens units, and the number of the collimating lens units is consistent with the number of the light emitting chips.
  • the light emitting chips are arranged in an array of rows and columns.
  • the color of the light beam emitted by the light emitting chip is one of blue, green, and red;
  • the color of the light beam emitted by the light emitting chip is any one of blue, green, and red;
  • the light emitting chip emits blue laser light, red laser light, and green laser light.
  • this application also proposes a laser light source, including the above-mentioned laser array.
  • the present application also proposes a laser projection device including the above-mentioned laser light source.
  • the above-mentioned one or more embodiments of the present application can achieve at least the following technical effects: Since the first light-transmitting area and the second light-transmitting area of the light-transmitting portion have different transmission treatments for the laser beam, one area may allow the laser to follow the original The polarization direction of the laser beam is changed in another area, and the polarization direction of the laser beam can be changed in another area. After the laser light emitting chip passes through the light transmitting part, a mixed beam of laser beams of different polarization directions is formed, and the laser beams of different polarization directions are mixed and output, The coherence between them is reduced, which can provide a laser beam with low coherence, which is beneficial to reduce the speckle effect when performing laser projection display at the back end.
  • the laser light source and the laser projection device provided by the present application also have the above-mentioned beneficial technical effects.
  • the low-coherence laser beam can also reduce or simplify the use of the dissipative speckle component in the optical path, which is beneficial to the reduction of the complexity of the entire optical optical path architecture, and is beneficial to the laser Miniaturization of light sources and laser projection equipment.
  • FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a laser array in the prior art
  • 2A is a schematic cross-sectional view of a laser array in an embodiment of the present application.
  • 2B is a schematic cross-sectional view of another laser array according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • 3A is a schematic cross-sectional view of a light emitting portion of the laser array in FIG. 2A;
  • 3B is a schematic front view of the light transmitting portion of the laser array in FIG. 2A;
  • FIG. 4A, FIG. 4B, FIG. 4C, and FIG. 4D are schematic diagrams of the arrangement of the light transmitting portions in the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an assembly structure of a laser array according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an arrangement manner of the collimation sections in the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7A is a schematic front view of a laser array according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7B is a schematic front view of a laser array in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a laser light source according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a laser projection device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10A and FIG. 10B are schematic diagrams showing changes in the polarization direction of the laser beam in the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a laser array in the prior art, which includes a metal bracket 01.
  • the metal bracket 01 is formed with a plurality of grooves 02, and each groove 02 contains a laser light emitting chip 012 and a collimating lens. 011, the laser light emitting chip 012 and the collimating lens 011 shown in FIG. 1 are packaged together and housed in the groove 02.
  • the laser beam emitted by the laser array enters the optical path, and then is irradiated to the optical modulation device in the optical machine through convergence, shaping, and the like, and is emitted after being modulated.
  • a speckle element needs to be set in the optical path to reduce the speckle effect.
  • the present application provides a laser array, a laser light source, and a laser projection device.
  • FIG. 2A is a schematic cross-sectional view of the laser array in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the laser array of this embodiment includes a light emitting portion 021 for emitting a laser beam, and The light-emitting portion 021 is provided with a light-transmitting portion 022 in a light emitting direction for transmitting the laser beam.
  • the light emitting part 021 includes a light emitting chip 0211, a metal substrate 0212, and the light emitting chip 0211 is connected and fixed to the metal substrate 0212.
  • the light emitting chip 0211 emits a laser beam under electric driving, wherein the laser beam may be linearly polarized light.
  • the light-transmitting portion 022 includes a first light-transmitting area and a second light-transmitting area, wherein the first light-transmitting area and the second light-transmitting area are arranged so that the light beams transmitted from the light-emitting portion 021 through the two areas have different The polarization direction.
  • the first light-transmitting region and the second light-transmitting region of the light-transmitting portion 022 are disposed so that the polarization directions of the light beams transmitted through the two regions from the light-emitting portion 021 are orthogonal.
  • one of the first light-transmitting region and the second light-transmitting region is provided with a polarity conversion element.
  • the first light-transmitting region and the second light-transmitting region are disposed such that the light beams transmitted through the two regions from the light emitting portion 021 are linearly polarized light and circularly polarized light, respectively.
  • a light emitting chip (not shown) provided on a metal substrate 0512 is used to emit a laser beam, and a light transmitting portion 052 is provided along the direction of the laser beam light exit, and is used to enclose the metal substrate 0512 to form a sealed space.
  • the light-emitting chip is sealed in a sealed space.
  • the light transmitting portion 052 may be fixedly connected to the metal substrate 0512 by welding or glass glue.
  • the light transmitting portion 022 has a light transmitting layer structure covering the light emitting side of the laser beam of the light emitting portion 021.
  • the light transmitting portion 022 includes a window support 0221, and a window support 0221.
  • a plurality of hollow windows 0222 are formed thereon for bonding and accommodating a plurality of light transmitting units.
  • the light-transmitting unit is a light-transmitting component and has a curvature of zero. The light-transmitting unit is used to transmit a laser beam without generating a collimating effect on the laser beam.
  • a plurality of light-transmitting units can be cured and adhered to the window bracket 0221 by UV glass glue.
  • the plurality of light-transmitting units (not shown in the figure) are divided according to whether the polarity of the transmitted laser light is changed or not.
  • Two types of areas a first light-transmitting area and a second light-transmitting area.
  • the polarization direction of the laser beam emitted by the light emitting part 021 after passing through the first light-transmitting region and the second light-transmitting region is different. For example, as shown in FIG. 10A, the original linear polarization is changed to circular polarization, and the polarization direction is changed. It is assumed that the laser beam transmitted through the first transparent region is linearly polarized light, and the laser beam transmitted through the second transparent region is circularly polarized light, and the polarization states of the two are different.
  • the original linear polarization direction is changed to another polarization direction perpendicular to the original polarization direction.
  • the laser light beam passing through the first light-transmitting region is P light
  • the laser light beam passing through the second light-transmitting region is S light.
  • the polarization directions of the two are 90 degree inversion relationship, and the polarities are perpendicular to each other.
  • one of the first light-transmitting area and the second light-transmitting area is a flat glass, and the other is a quarter-wave plate, so that the laser beam passes through the first light-transmitting area and the second light-transmitting area. After the light region, one of them still maintains the original linear polarization direction, and optionally, one of them has a light vector vibration direction. After the other quarter-wave plate passes through, the linearly polarized light enters the quarter-wave plate perpendicularly, and the polarization direction of the linearly-polarized light is at a 45-degree angle with the optical axis of the wave plate, resulting in circular polarization. The light is formed as shown in FIG. 10A.
  • the circularly polarized light has multiple polarization directions, and there are many different polarization directions from the original linearly polarized light.
  • the coherence between the beams with different polarization directions is reduced.
  • the array can emit a low-coherence laser beam, which is conducive to reducing the speckle effect when the rear laser projection is displayed.
  • one of the first light-transmitting area and the second light-transmitting area is a flat glass, and the other is a half-wave plate. After the laser beam passes through the first light-transmitting area and the second light-transmitting area, One of them still maintains the original linear polarization direction, while the other passes through the half-wave plate, the polarization direction is reversed by 90 degrees, and the polarized light with a different polarity from the original laser beam is emitted, forming the situation shown in FIG. 10B.
  • Converting between P light and S light, and the two laser beams whose polarization directions are perpendicular to each other, when incident on the same scattering element (dispersion spot component), can generate two independent random patterns superimposed, which is more conducive to reducing scattering Speckle effect, it can be considered that two laser beams of the same frequency with different polarization directions are irrelevant, so the coherence of the laser beam emitted by the laser array is greatly reduced, and it is beneficial to reduce or eliminate the speckle effect. .
  • a plurality of flat glass, half-wave plate, or quarter-wave plate elements are provided, and are respectively bonded to the transparent
  • the window of the window support of the light part is opposite to the light beam emitted by each laser light emitting chip.
  • the light transmission part is a pane-shaped light transmission structure.
  • the light-transmitting portion is an integrated light-transmitting structure, such as a light-transmitting glass plate, and the transmission characteristics of different regions are achieved by coating in different regions.
  • the polarization direction can be partially changed to form a first coating.
  • the position of the specific coating can be determined according to the change of the polarization direction of the laser beam.
  • the non-polar conversion element may be made of a diffuser sheet in addition to flat glass, so that the laser beam can be homogenized while transmitting through it.
  • a plurality of light-transmitting units are adhered to the window support 0221 to form a pane-shaped light-transmitting layer structure, as shown in FIG. 5, which is a schematic cross-sectional view of a laser array package structure.
  • the light-transmitting part is covered in the light-emitting direction of the light-emitting chip, and its edge part can be fixed to the metal substrate by welding or gluing.
  • the window bracket and the metal substrate can be fixed by resistance welding to form a seal.
  • Space, the above-mentioned light-emitting chips are all contained in the sealed space, so as to protect the light-emitting chips and play a role of dust-proof isolation.
  • the sealed space is filled with nitrogen, which can further prevent oxidation of the light-emitting chip, and improve laser performance and service life.
  • the first light-transmitting area and the second light-transmitting area of the light-transmitting portion respectively include a plurality of first light-transmitting units, a second light-transmitting unit, the plurality of first light-transmitting units, and a second light-transmitting unit.
  • the window 0222 formed by the window holder 0221 In one embodiment, in the laser array, the number of the plurality of light-emitting chips is the same as the sum of the number of the plurality of first light-transmitting units and the number of the second light-transmitting units, that is, the light beam emitted by each laser light-emitting chip corresponds to one.
  • the light transmitting unit transmits light through the light transmitting unit.
  • the laser array includes 20 lasers, that is, includes 20 light-emitting chips
  • the sum of the number of the first light-transmitting units and the number of the second light-transmitting units is also 20, and each of the first light-transmitting units Or the second light-transmitting unit is facing the light emitting direction of a certain light-emitting chip.
  • the light beams emitted by several laser light emitting chips can also be incident on the light transmitting unit, that is, the division of the first light transmitting unit and the second light transmitting is not consistent with the number of laser light emitting chips, for example, when the laser array includes 20 light emitting chips
  • the number of the first light-transmitting units can be set to five, and the second light-transmitting unit can be set to five, so that there are a total of ten light-transmitting units, so that the laser beam emitted by each two laser light emitting chips can be incident on one light-transmitting unit. .
  • the laser array includes 20 laser light emitting chips, and the description is based on a 4x5 array arrangement.
  • the light transmitting portion 022 includes a plurality of first light transmitting units 0222a. Filled with vertical lines in the figure, the plurality of first light transmitting units 0222a constitute a first light transmitting region, and the second light transmitting unit 0222b. A blank square is shown in the figure, and a plurality of second light-transmitting units 0222b constitute a second light-transmitting area.
  • the laser light emitting chips (not shown) are arranged in an array and emit P light, wherein, for example, the first light transmitting unit 0222a is a half-wave plate, and the second light transmitting unit 0222b is a flat glass, which emits light.
  • the polarity is reversed from P light by 90 degrees and becomes S light
  • the plurality of laser light beams emitted by the light emitting part After passing through the second light-transmitting area composed of a plurality of second light-transmitting units 0222b, since the flat glass does not change the polarity of the laser beam, it is still P light, that is, the laser beam emitted from the light-emitting part passes through the first After one transparent region and the second transparent region, the polarization directions of the laser beams are different and are perpendicular to each other.
  • the flat glass and the half-wave plate can be the same size.
  • the thickness of the flat glass or half-wave plate can be selected between 0.5mm and 2mm, for example, about 0.7mm can be selected.
  • a plurality of first light-transmitting units and second light-transmitting units may be arranged at intervals.
  • the first light-transmitting area includes two rows of the first light-transmitting unit and the second light-transmitting area. It includes two rows of second light-transmitting units.
  • the original polarity is maintained, such as P light.
  • the laser beam is transmitted through the second light-transmitting area, the polarity is reversed by 90 degrees. If the P light becomes S light, the P light and S light in the laser beam emitted from the laser array are arranged at intervals.
  • the light is a mixture of P light and S light. Simultaneous emission of beams of different polarities is beneficial to reduce the coherence of the beam.
  • the first light-transmitting unit and the second light-transmitting unit are arranged at a line interval.
  • Coherence works better because, by definition of speckle contrast: Where I is the intensity of multiple speckle patterns.
  • N speckle patterns When there are N speckle patterns on the screen, within one integration period, the speckle contrast weakens to a static level.
  • the above N speckle patterns are independent, the speckle contrast is reduced to In other cases, the decrease in speckle contrast lies between the above two values. Among them, when the speckle contrast drops below 4%, the human eye cannot feel it.
  • the probability of generating independent speckle patterns will be greatly increased.
  • the speckle contrast will be close to That is, the contrast toward a small speckle is close, so that a better speckle reduction effect can be obtained.
  • two orthogonal beams with different polarization directions are incident on the same type of scattering element (speckle device), they will produce independent speckle patterns, each of which is one of two orthogonal polarization components.
  • N 2
  • the speckle contrast can be reduced to the original 1 / ⁇ 2, and a better speckle reduction effect is obtained.
  • the laser beams in the first row and the second row have different polarities and the polarization directions are perpendicular to each other, and the laser beams in the second and third rows have different polarities and the polarization directions are mutually Vertically, the same applies to the third and fourth rows, so that the two polarities of the light beams emitted by the four rows of light-emitting chips are opposite.
  • the laser array provided by this embodiment can It emits a laser beam with low coherence and achieves a better speckle reduction effect when applied to projection display.
  • first light-transmitting units 0222a and second light-transmitting units 0222b may also be arranged at intervals.
  • the first light-transmitting area includes three rows of first light-transmitting units 0222a.
  • Flat glass or diffuser the second light-transmitting area includes two columns of second light-transmitting units 0222b, such as a half-wave plate, and the laser beam remains the original polarity after transmitting through the first light-transmitting unit in the first light-transmitting area.
  • it is P light
  • the polarity is reversed by 90 degrees, and the original P light is changed to S light.
  • the P light and The S light is arranged at intervals, and is a mixed light of P light and S light. If the light emission intensity of each laser light emitting chip is the same, unlike the case shown in FIG. 4A, the amount of P light and S light with different polarities at this time The intensity has a certain difference and is no longer equivalent. The light intensity of P light is greater than that of S light. The effect of decoherence is slightly lower than that shown in FIG. 4A. Of course, you can also adjust the power of the laser chip to make the light intensity of P light and S light equal, so as to obtain a better effect of dissipating speckles.
  • the light intensity of two kinds of lights with different polarization directions should be made as equal as possible without changing the light emitting power of the laser light emitting chip.
  • the first light-transmitting unit and the second light-transmitting unit are arranged at intervals of rows or columns.
  • FIG. 4C shows an example of the arrangement of the light-transmitting units of another light-transmitting portion.
  • the first light-transmitting unit 0222a and the second light-transmitting unit 0222b are arranged in a checkerboard pattern, that is, the first light-transmitting unit and the second light-transmitting unit are adjacent to each other.
  • the laser light emitting chip is arranged in 4x5 rows and columns, the first There are 10 light-transmitting units and 10 second light-transmitting units.
  • the laser light-emitting chip emits P light.
  • the first light-transmitting unit 0222a is a flat glass and the second light-transmitting unit 0222b is a half-wave plate, the laser light-emitting chip.
  • the light beams transmitted through the first line of light transmitting units are P light, S light, P light, S light, P light, and the light beams transmitted through the second line of light transmitting units are S light, P light, S light, P light, S Light, the third row is the same as the first row, and the fourth row is the same as the second row.
  • the P and S light transmission beams can be set next to each other to mix more evenly and the total light intensity.
  • the coherence of the light beams of adjacent light-emitting chips after passing through the light-transmitting portion is reduced, which is beneficial to reduce the speckle effect during laser projection display.
  • the laser light emitting chips when the laser light emitting chips are not arranged in regular rows and columns, such as the case shown in FIG. 4D, the laser light emitting chips can be arranged compactly, which is beneficial to reducing the volume.
  • the checkered pattern in the figure indicates the first light-transmitting unit, and the diagonally shaded indicates the second light-transmitting unit.
  • each first light-transmitting unit and each second light-transmitting unit are arranged adjacent to each other. .
  • the laser beams with different polarization directions can be respectively emitted by the adjacent light transmitting units as far as possible, and the distribution of P light and S light is evenly distributed, so that the light intensity of P light and S light is equal, and the degree of mixing and homogenization is high.
  • the first light-transmitting unit and the second light-transmitting unit are arranged in accordance with the row interval or column. Spaced arrangement.
  • the first light transmitting unit and the second light transmitting unit are adjacent to each other so that the number of the two light transmitting units is arranged as much as possible. cloth.
  • the first light-transmitting unit may also be a quarter-wave plate, and the second light-transmitting unit is made of flat glass or a diffuser.
  • the linearly polarized light becomes circularly polarized, and the laser beam passes through the second light-transmitting unit and remains in the original linear polarization direction. Therefore, the laser beam emitted from a laser array includes With multiple polarization directions, the coherence between each other is reduced to some extent.
  • first light-transmitting unit, the first light-transmitting area, the second light-transmitting unit, the second light-transmitting area, and the laser light emitting chip in the above example emit P light, S light, or circularly polarized light.
  • Array formation limitation is only used to clarify a specific embodiment.
  • material selection of the first light-transmitting unit and the second light-transmitting unit is not limited to the examples in this embodiment, and the two can be interchanged.
  • the actual laser beam has a relatively large divergence state in the fast axis direction, such as a 30 degree divergence, and The slow axis only has a divergence angle of 8 to 10 degrees, and there are divergences. Therefore, as a laser array component, theoretically, it is expected to emit a relatively parallel beam. Therefore, the beam emitted by the laser light emitting chip needs to be collimated.
  • the light beams are basically emitted in a parallel state, which is conducive to the design of the subsequent optical path.
  • a microlens can be set directly above the laser light emitting chip as a collimator lens, and then sealed and sealed.
  • the outermost layer of the laser array is provided with a light transmitting layer and hermetically connected to the metal substrate to connect the light emitting chip and the micro lens Contained in a sealed space.
  • a collimation part 023 is provided on the light-exiting side of the light-transmitting part 022.
  • the collimation part 023 is a collimating lens group, which is composed of a plurality of lens unit structures, and can collimate and converge the light beam.
  • the collimating lens group includes a plurality of collimating lens units 0231, and the number of the plurality of collimating lens units 0231 is consistent with the number of light emitting chips or the number of light transmitting units of the light transmitting part, that is, one collimating lens unit is
  • a light-transmitting unit corresponding to the part also corresponds to a light-emitting chip, and is used to collimate the laser beam emitted by the corresponding light-emitting chip and transmitted through the first light-transmitting unit or the second light-transmitting unit.
  • the collimating lens group is arranged in a light emitting direction of the laser beam.
  • a plurality of collimating lens units can be arranged in an array, for example, made into a fly-eye lens array.
  • the above-mentioned collimator lens group can be integrally formed to form a whole, so as to cover the light emitting direction of the light emitting chip or the light emitting direction of the reflecting portion; each collimator lens group can be separately set and separately covered in light emission.
  • the material of the collimator lens group can be B270, K9, optical glass material with high light transmittance and high hardness.
  • FIG. 5 it is a schematic structural diagram of a laser array package.
  • a collimation part 053 is further provided on the outermost side of the laser array.
  • the collimation part 053 is a fly-eye lens array.
  • the peripheral edge portion of the collimation portion 053 is bonded to the peripheral edge portion of the light transmitting portion 052 or the metal substrate 0512 by UV glue to form a packaged laser array.
  • the light emitting chip (not shown in the figure) is enclosed in a sealed space formed by the light transmitting portion 052 and the metal substrate 0512.
  • the lead 0514 is drawn out from the side of the metal substrate.
  • the light-emitting chip can be directly soldered to the metal substrate by soldering, or, as shown in FIG. 3A, the light-emitting chip 0211 can also be connected to the metal substrate 0212 through a heat sink 0213, and the light-emitting chip 0211 is firstly soldered or thermally conductive
  • the adhesive bonding method is fixedly connected to one side of the heat sink 0213, and the other side of the heat sink is fixedly connected to the metal substrate 0212 by means of welding or thermal adhesive bonding.
  • connection method of the connection method between the light emitting chip and the metal substrate is not particularly limited, and can be a soldering method or a thermal adhesive bonding method, as long as the connection method does not significantly affect the heat conduction. .
  • Each light-emitting chip can be connected in series by electrical connection. Specifically, each light-emitting chip can be connected with a gold wire, and the gold wire is finally connected to a pin to realize the power-on of each light-emitting chip.
  • the gold wire can be fixed on the metal substrate by an adhesive method.
  • the metal substrate in the laser array is preferably a copper substrate, and has good thermal conductivity, and the thickness can be selected in the range of 1 mm to 3 mm.
  • the light beams emitted by the light emitting chips in the laser array may be all blue, green, or red; a part of the light emitting chips may emit blue light, and another part of the light emitting chips may emit blue light. It emits red light or green light; part of the light emitting chip can emit blue light, part of the light emitting chip emits red light, and part of the light emitting chip emits green light.
  • the light emitting chips of the plurality of light emitting chips emit light.
  • the beam wavelengths are different, that is, there is a certain wavelength difference. Adopting this design scheme can greatly reduce the time coherence effect between adjacent laser beams, and reduce the speckle effect of laser display.
  • the wavelength difference is preferably at least 1 nm, and more preferably 2 nm.
  • the light-emitting chip When the light-emitting chip emits blue laser light and red laser light, the light-emitting chip emitting blue laser light and the light-emitting chip emitting red laser light have the same arrangement rules as the first light-transmitting unit and the second light-transmitting unit. In this way, the blue laser and the red laser not only have different wavelengths but also different polarization polarities, which is conducive to dispersing speckles from two dimensions of time coherence and space coherence.
  • a light emitting surface structure diagram of a two-color laser array in which a red laser light emitting chip and a blue light emitting chip can be arranged adjacent to each other, and the first light transmitting unit and the second light transmitting unit respectively cover The light emitting surfaces of the blue laser light emitting chip and the red laser light emitting chip are also spaced apart from each other.
  • the first light transmitting unit is a half-wave plate
  • the second light transmitting unit is a flat glass.
  • the first row and the third The first light-transmitting units in the rows normally transmit blue laser light respectively, and the second light-transmitting units in the second and fourth rows transmit red laser light with inverted polarity.
  • the red laser light emitting chip and the blue laser light emitting chip can also be arranged in a row or column interval.
  • the first row and the third line are blue laser light emitting chips
  • the second row and the fourth line are red laser light emitting chips
  • the first The light-transmitting unit and the second light-transmitting unit are not arranged in rows or columns, but are arranged next to each other in a checkerboard manner, so that different wavelengths and different polarities can be obtained, and even if the wavelengths are the same, the polarities may be different.
  • the speckle contrast of the laser beam in the polarization direction can also be reduced, and a better speckle reduction effect can be obtained.
  • FIG. 7B a light emitting surface structure diagram of a three-color laser array is shown. Among the plurality of light-emitting chips arranged in an array, red, green, and blue three-color laser light-emitting chips are included.
  • One row and the second row are blue laser light emitting chips, the third row is a red laser light emitting chip, and the fourth row is a green laser light emitting chip, wherein the first and third rows are provided with a first light transmitting unit, and the second and third rows Four rows are provided with second light-transmitting units, so that the blue laser light transmitted by the first and second rows of light-transmitting units has different polarities, and the blue laser light transmitted by the second-line light-transmitting units is different from the red laser light transmitted by the third-line.
  • the polarities are different, and the red laser light transmitted by the light transmitting unit in the third row is different from the green laser light transmitted by the light transmitting unit in the fourth row, so that the entire laser array can emit multiple laser beams with different wavelengths and different polarities.
  • the multi-color laser array in the above embodiment can emit laser beams with multiple wavelengths and different polarities. Based on the principle of reducing speckle contrast with the above-mentioned polarized light, the speckle effect of the laser beam can also be reduced, which is not described here. To repeat.
  • the laser light source includes a laser array 801, a converging lens 802, and the condensing lens 802 converges and shapes the laser beam emitted by the laser array 801 to form an illumination beam, and then passes through the light uniformizing section 803 Homogenize and incident into the optical machine.
  • the light homogenizing portion 803 may be a light pipe or a fly-eye lens. Before entering the shaping laser beam, it can pass through, for example, a moving diffusion wheel, a diffusion sheet, or a phase adjustment device, to disperse the speckles before entering the light uniforming section 803 or after being homogenized by the light uniforming section 803.
  • the laser array 801 in this embodiment may be an example of any laser array in the embodiment. Because the laser array is adopted, the coherence characteristic or speckle effect of the laser beam can be suppressed from the source, and a high-quality illumination beam is provided. Importantly, it can greatly simplify the use of dissipative speckle components in the optical path, simplify the optical path structure, and facilitate miniaturization.
  • the present application also provides a laser projection device, as shown in FIG. 9, including a laser light source 901, a light modulation device 902, a projection lens 903, and a laser light source 901 emitting a laser beam to form an illumination beam to illuminate the light modulation device 902. It is irradiated onto the light modulation device 902.
  • the light modulation device 902 can be specifically a DMD digital micromirror array, including millions of tiny mirrors.
  • the light modulation device 902 illuminates the light according to the driving signal corresponding to the image display signal.
  • the light beam is modulated, and the modulated light beam enters the projection lens for imaging.
  • the laser light source is the laser light source in the foregoing embodiment.
  • the laser projection device provided in this embodiment may be a laser projector, a laser projection television, and the laser light source therein can improve a high-quality illumination beam, reduce speckle effects, and at the same time facilitate the simplification of the optical architecture and realize the miniaturization of the laser projection device. .

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Abstract

一种激光器阵列（801）、激光光源(901)和激光投影设备。激光器阵列（801）包括发光部（021），用于发出激光光束，沿发光部（021）的出光方向设置有透光部（022），用于透射激光光束；透光部（022）包括第一透光区域（0222a）和第二透光区域（0222b），第一透光区域(0222a)和第二透光区域(0222b)的设置使得从发光部(022)透射过这两个区域的光束具有不同的偏振方向，能够降低激光器阵列(801)出射的激光光束的相干性，利于消散斑。

Description

一种激光器阵列、激光光源及激光投影设备
本申请要求于2018年9月19日提交中国专利局、申请号为201811095997.8且申请名称为“一种激光器阵列、激光光源及激光投影设备”、2018年9月19日提交中国专利局、申请号为201811095963.9且申请名称为“一种激光器阵列、激光光源及激光投影设备”、2018年9月19日提交中国专利局、申请号为201811118508.6且申请名称为“一种激光器阵列、激光光源及激光投影设备”以及2018年9月19日提交中国专利局、申请号为201811095967.7且申请名称为“一种激光器阵列、激光光源及激光投影设备”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及激光显示技术领域，尤其涉及一种激光器阵列和相关的激光光源、激光投影设备。
背景技术
近年来激光被逐渐作为光源应用于投影显示技术领域。但是由于激光的高相干性，不可避免地产生散斑效应。所谓散斑是指相干光源在照射粗糙的物体时，散射光由于波长相同，相位恒定，从而在空间上产生干涉，空间中有的部分发生干涉相长，有的部分发生干涉相消，最终在显示端出现颗粒状的明暗相间的斑点，从而造成投影图像质量的下降。
目前常用的消散斑方案通常是基于激光在传输光路中增加消散斑元件，增加了光路的复杂度，并且消散斑效果也与光路设计的光处理效率有关，大大制约了整个光学系统消散斑问题的解决。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种激光器阵列，包括：
发光部，用于发出激光光束，沿发光部的出光方向设置有透光部，用于 透射激光光束；其中，透光部包括第一透光区域，第二透光区域，第一透光区域和所述第二透光区域的设置使得从发光部透射过这两个区域的光束具有不同的偏振方向。
优选地，所述发光部包括设置于金属基板上的发光芯片，用于发出所述激光光束，所述透光部还用于与所述金属基板围合形成密封空间，将所述发光芯片密封在所述密封空间内。
优选地，所述发光芯片为多个，所述发光部还包括金属基板。
优选地，第一透光区域和第二透光区域的设置使得从发光部透射过这两个区域的光束的偏振方向正交；或者，
第一透光区域和第二透光区域的设置使得从发光部透射过这两个区域的光束分别为线偏振光和圆偏振光；或者，发光芯片发出的激光光束透过第一透光区域和第二透光区域后分别为线偏振光和圆偏振光。
优选地，透光部包括窗口支架，第一透光区域包括多个第一透光单元，第二透光区域包括多个第二透光单元，多个第一透光单元，第二透光单元均粘接在窗口支架上；或者，透光部包括透光玻璃板，透光玻璃板上分区域镀膜形成第一透光区域、第二透光区域。
优选地，所述第一透光单元，第二透光单元的曲率为零。
优选地，所述第一透光区域、第二透光区域之一设置有极性转换元件。
优选地，第一透光单元和第二透光单元呈行或者列间隔排列。
或者，每个第一透光单元和每个第二透光单元相邻排列。
优选地，第一透光区域、第二透光区域其中之一为平片玻璃或扩散片，另一为半波片或者四分之一波片。
优选地，还包括准直部，准直部包括多个准直透镜单元，准直透镜单元的数量与发光芯片的数量一致。
优选地，发光芯片呈行列阵列排布。
优选地，发光芯片发出的光束颜色为蓝色、绿色、红色中的其中之一；
或者，发光芯片发出的光束颜色为蓝色、绿色、红色中的其中任两种；
或者，发光芯片发出蓝色激光，红色激光，绿色激光。
以及，本申请还提出了一种激光光源，包括上述的激光器阵列。
以及，本申请还提出了一种激光投影设备，包括上述的激光光源。
本申请上述一个或多个实施例，至少能够达到以下技术效果:由于透光部的第一透光区域和第二透光区域对于激光光束具有不同的透射处理，一种区域可以允许激光按照原先的偏振方向出射，另一区域则可以改变激光光束的偏振方向，从而当激光器发光芯片透过透光部后会形成不同偏振方向的激光光束的混合光束，不同偏振方向的激光光束混合输出，彼此之间的相干性降低，从而能够提供低相干性的激光光束，利于降低后端进行激光投影显示时的散斑效应。
本申请提供的激光光源和激光投影设备也同样具备上述有益技术效果，低相干性的激光光束还能够减少或简化光路中消散斑部件的使用，利于整个光学光路架构复杂度的降低，且利于激光光源和激光投影设备的小型化。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作一简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为现有技术中一种激光器阵列的结构图；
图2A为本申请实施例中激光器阵列的截面示意图；
图2B为本申请实施例中另一激光器阵列的截面示意图；
图3A为图2A中激光器阵列发光部的截面示意图；
图3B为图2A中激光器阵列透光部的正面示意图；
图4A,图4B,图4C,图4D分别为本申请实施例中透光部排布方式的示意图；
图5为本申请实施例中一种激光器阵列的组装结构截面示意图；
图6为本申请实施例中准直部的排布方式示意图。
图7A为本申请实施例中一种激光阵列的正面示意图；
图7B为本申请实施例中一种激光阵列的正面示意图；
图8为本申请实施例中一种激光光源的架构示意图；
图9为本申请实施例中一种激光投影设备的架构示意图；
图10A,图10B为本申请实施例中激光光束偏振方向发生改变的示意 图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
图1示出了现有技术中一种激光器阵列的结构示意图，其中包括金属支架01，金属支架01形成有多个凹槽02，每个凹槽02内容纳有激光器发光芯片012和准直透镜011，图1所示的激光器发光芯片012和准直透镜011封装在一起，容纳于凹槽02内。激光器阵列发出的激光光束进入到光路中，再经过会聚、整形等照射至光机中的光调制器件，经调制后出射。通常在利用上述激光器阵列作为光源时，需要在光路中设置消散斑元件，以减轻散斑效应。
然而，在光路中设置消散斑元件增加了光路的复杂度，并且消散斑效果也与光路设计的光处理效率有关，大大制约了整个光学系统消散斑问题的解决。因此，为解决现有技术在减轻散斑效应时存在的问题，本申请提供了一种激光器阵列、激光光源以及激光投影设备。
实施例一、
本申请实施例提供了一种激光器阵列，参照图2A，图2A是本申请实施例中激光器阵列的一种截面示意图，本实施例的激光器阵列包括发光部021，用于发出激光光束，以及沿发光部021的出光方向设置有透光部022，用于透射上述激光光束。具体地，参见图3A所示，发光部021包括发光芯片0211，金属基板0212，发光芯片0211连接固定至金属基板0212上。发光芯片0211在电力驱动下发出激光光束，其中激光光束可以是线偏振光。
以及，透光部022包括第一透光区域，第二透光区域，其中，第一透光区域和第二透光区域的设置使得从发光部021透射过这两个区域的光束具有不同的偏振方向，在一个具体实施中，上述透光部022的第一透光区域和第二透光区域的设置使得从发光部021透射过这两个区域的光束的偏振方向正交。可选地，第一透光区域、第二透光区域之一设置有极性转换元件。
或者，在另一具体实施中，第一透光区域和第二透光区域的设置使得从发光部021透射过这两个区域的光束分别为线偏振光和圆偏振光。
参见图5所示，设置于金属基板0512上的发光芯片(未示出)，用于发出激光光束，沿激光光束出光方向设置有透光部052，用于与金属基板0512围合形成密封空间，将发光芯片密封在密封空间内。透光部052可以通过焊接或者玻璃胶固定连接至金属基板0512上。
参见图2A，透光部022为一透光层结构，覆盖在发光部021激光光束的出光侧，在一具体实施中，参见图3B所示，透光部022包括窗口支架0221，窗口支架0221上形成了多个镂空的窗口0222，用于粘接容放多个透光单元。在具体实施中，透光单元为透光部件，曲率为零，用于透射激光光束，而不对激光光束产生会聚准直作用。
具体地，多个透光单元可以通过UV玻璃胶固化粘接于窗口支架0221上，该多个透光单元(图中未示出)按照对透射的激光的极性的改变与否，划分为两种区域：第一透光区域，第二透光区域。发光部021发出的激光光束透过第一透光区域和第二透光区域后的偏振方向不同，比如图10A所示，由原先的线偏振变为圆偏振，偏振方向发生变化。假设透过第一透光区域的激光光束为线偏振光，透过第二透光区域的激光光束为圆偏振光，两者的偏振态不同。
或者，如图10B所示，由原来的线偏振方向变为与原先偏振方向垂直的另一偏振方向。假设透过第一透光区域的激光光束为P光，透过第二透光区域的激光光束为S光，两者偏振方向为90度翻转关系，极性互相垂直。
在一种实施方式中，第一透光区域和第二透光区域其中之一采用平片玻璃，另一采用四分之一波片，这样激光光束透过第一透光区域、第二透光区域之后，其中之一仍保持原来的线偏振方向，可选地，该其中之一具有一个光矢量振动方向。而另一则经过四分之一波片后，由于线偏振光垂直入射到四分之一波片上，且线偏振光的偏振化方向与波片的光轴呈45度角，则产生圆偏振光，形成如图10A所示的情况，这样圆偏振光具有多个偏振方向，存在与原先的线偏振光多个不同的偏振方向，偏振方向不同的光束彼此之间的相干性降低，该激光器阵列能够发出低相干性的激光光束，利于降低后端激光投影显示时的散斑效应。
在另一实施方式中，第一透光区域和第二透光区域其中之一采用平片玻璃，另一采用半波片，则激光光束透过第一透光区域、第二透光区域之后，其中之一仍保持原来的线偏振方向，而另一经过半波片后，偏振方向发生90度翻转，出射与原激光光束极性不同的偏振光，形成如图10B所示的情况，能够在P光和S光之间进行转换，而偏振方向互相垂直的两束激光，在入射同一散射元件(消散斑部件)时，能够产生两个独立的随机图样的叠加，从而较有利于降低散斑效应，可认为偏振方向不同的同一频率的两束激光光束是不相干的，从而该激光器阵列发出的激光光束的相干性就得到了较大程度的降低，并有利于减弱或消除散斑效应。
在一种实施方式中，根据第一透光区域和第二透光区域包含的窗格的数量，设置多个平片玻璃，半波片或四分之一波片元件，分别粘接到透光部窗口支架的窗口处，与每颗激光器发光芯片的出射光束相对，此时透光部为窗格状的透光结构。
在另一种实施方式中，透光部为一整体的透光结构，比如为透光玻璃板，通过分区域镀膜实现不同区域的透射特性，比如可以部分镀膜实现偏振方向的变化，形成第一透光区域和第二透光区域。具体镀膜的位置可以根据激光光束的偏振方向改变需求而定。
以及，在另一实施方式中，非极性转换元件除了为平片玻璃之外，还可以为扩散片材质，这样激光光束在透射通过的同时，还能够进行匀化。
在一种实施方式中，多个透光单元粘接到窗口支架0221上形成窗格状的透光层结构，如图5所示的一种激光器阵列封装结构截面示意图，该透光层结构的透光部分覆盖在发光芯片的出光方向上，其边缘部分可以通过焊接或胶粘方式固定到金属基板上，具体地，可以通过电阻焊接的方式实现窗口支架和金属基板的固定，以形成一个密封空间，上述的发光芯片都包含到该密封空间内，以起到对发光芯片的保护作用，起到防尘隔离作用。可选的，在该密封空间内充满氮气，可以进一步防止发光芯片的氧化，提高激光器性能和使用寿命。
其中，透光部的第一透光区域、第二透光区域分别包括多个第一透光单元，第二透光单元，这多个第一透光单元，第二透光单元均粘接在窗口支架0221形成的窗口0222中。在一种实施方式中，激光器阵列中，多个发光芯 片的数量与多个第一透光单元和第二透光单元的数量之和一致，即每颗激光器发光芯片发出的光束均对应至一个透光单元，并经该透光单元透射。举例来说，当激光器阵列包括20颗激光器时，即包括20颗发光芯片，则第一透光单元的数量与第二透光单元的数量之和也为20，且每个第一透光单元或第二透光单元正对某一颗发光芯片的出光方向。
当然，也可以几颗激光器发光芯片发出的光束入射至透光单元，即第一透光单元和第二透光的划分与激光器发光芯片的颗数不一致，比如当激光器阵列包括20颗发光芯片时，第一透光单元的数量可以设置为5个，第二透光单元设置为5个，这样共10个透光单元，从而可以每两颗激光器发光芯片发出的激光光束入射至一个透光单元。
当透光单元总数和激光器发光芯片总数一致时，可以将多个且不同偏振方向的激光光束划分的更为细致，从而上述激光光束混合的更为均匀，更有利于降低相干性。
接下来，将结合图4A，图4B，图4C，图4D给出的示例，详细说明透光部透光单元的排列结构。为简便，以激光器阵列包括20颗激光器发光芯片，按照4x5的阵列排布方式进行说明。
如图4A示例，透光部022包括多个第一透光单元0222a，图中填充竖线表示，多个第一透光单元0222a组成第一透光区域，以及第二透光单元0222b，图中以空白方格表示，多个第二透光单元0222b组成第二透光区域。图4A示例中，激光器发光芯片(未示出)呈阵列排布，发出P光，其中示例性地，第一透光单元0222a为半波片，第二透光单元0222b为平片玻璃，发光部发出的多个激光光束透过多个第一透光单元0222a组成的第一透光区域后，极性从P光发生90度翻转，变为S光，而发光部发出的多个激光光束透过多个第二透光单元0222b组成的第二透光区域后，由于平片玻璃并不对激光光束的极性发生改变，因此，仍为P光，即发光部发出的激光光束透过第一透光区域和第二透光区域后，激光光束的偏振方向不同，互为垂直。
其中，平片玻璃和半波片可以为相同的尺寸。平片玻璃或半波片的厚度可以选择在0.5mm～2mm之间，比如可以选择0.7mm左右。
以图4A所示的排列方式为例，多个第一透光单元和第二透光单元可以呈行间隔排列，则第一透光区域包括两行第一透光单元，第二透光区域包括 两行第二透光单元，激光光束透射第一透光区域后仍保持原来的极性，比如为P光，而激光光束透射第二透光区域后，极性发生90度翻转，从原来的P光变为S光，则激光器阵列出射的激光光束中P光和S光间隔排列，为P光和S光的混合光，极性不同的光束同时出射利于降低光束的相干性。
在实际应用中，优选地，当激光器阵列的排列行数为偶数时，对第一透光单元和第二透光单元呈行间隔排列，这样能够使得出射P光和S光的光量相当，消相干的效果更佳，这是因为根据散斑对比度的定义:
Figure PCTCN2019084117-appb-000001
其中I为多个斑纹图样的强度,当屏幕上存在N个散斑图样时，在一个积分周期内,散斑对比度减弱为静态时的
Figure PCTCN2019084117-appb-000002
当上述N个散斑图样各自独立时，则散斑对比度降低至静态时的
Figure PCTCN2019084117-appb-000003
其他情况下，散斑对比度减弱情况界于上述两个数值之间。其中，当散斑对比度降至4％以下时，人眼就感觉不到了。
而对于两个偏振态不同的光束，其入射至同一类散射元(消散斑器件)时，产生独立的散斑图样的概率将大大增加。根据上述公式,散斑对比度将靠近
Figure PCTCN2019084117-appb-000004
即朝向较小的散斑对比度靠近，从而能够得到较佳的消散斑效果。例如，对于两个正交的偏振方向不同的光束，其入射至同一类散射元(消散斑器件)时，将产生独立的散斑图样，每个图样是两个正交的偏振分量之一。根据上述公式，若这两个独立的散斑图样是等强度的，则N＝2，散斑对比度将可降低至原来的1/√2，得到较佳的消散斑效果。
以图4A所示的排列方式为例，第一行，与第二行的激光光束极性不同，偏振方向互相垂直，第二行与第三行的激光光束的极性也不同，偏振方向互相垂直，同理，第三行与第四行也是如此，从而上述四行发光芯片发出的光束两两极性相反，根据上述的偏振光对散斑对比度的影响说明，本实施例提供的激光器阵列能够发出相干性较低的激光光束，在应用于投影显示时达到较佳的消散斑效果。
或者如图4B所示的排列方式，多个第一透光单元0222a和第二透光单元 0222b也可以呈列间隔排列，则第一透光区域包括三列第一透光单元0222a，比如为平片玻璃或扩散片，第二透光区域包括两列第二透光单元0222b，比如为半波片，激光光束透射第一透光区域的第一透光单元后仍保持原来的极性，比如为P光，而激光光束透射第二透光区域的第二透光单元后，极性发生90度翻转，从原来的P光变为S光，则激光器阵列出射的激光光束中P光和S光间隔排列，为P光和S光的混合光，若每颗激光器发光芯片的发光强度相同，与图4A所示的情况不同的是，此时极性不同的P光和S光的光量强度具有一定差别，不再相当，P光的光强要大于S光的光强。这样消相干的效果稍低于图4A所示的情形。当然也可以通过调整激光器发光芯片的功率来使得P光和S光的光强相当,来获得较佳的消散斑效果。
为了获得尽可能小的散斑对比度数值，在不改变激光器发光芯片发光功率的前提下，尽可能使得偏振方向不同的两种光的光强相当，优选地，当激光器阵列的行数或列数为偶数时，将第一透光单元和第二透光单元呈行或列间隔排列。
图4C示出了又一种透光部的透光单元的排列示例。其中，第一透光单元0222a和第二透光单元0222b呈棋盘格排列，即第一透光单元和第二透光单元两两相邻，当激光器发光芯片为4x5行列排布时，第一透光单元为10颗，第二透光单元也为10颗,激光器发光芯片发出P光，第一透光单元0222a为平片玻璃，第二透光单元0222b为半波片时，激光器发光芯片经第一行透光单元透射的光束为P光，S光，P光，S光，P光，经第二行透光单元透射的光束为S光，P光，S光，P光，S光，第三行与第一行的情形相同，第四行与第二行的情形相同，通过这样设置，可以让P光和S光透射光束彼此相邻设置，混合更加均匀，总的光强相当，从而相邻发光芯片经过透光部之后的光束相干性降低，从而利于降低激光投影显示时的散斑效应。
以及，在又一实施例中，当激光器发光芯片不是规则的行和列的排布方式，比如图4D所示的情况，激光器发光芯片排列得可以较为紧凑，利于减少体积。其中图中方格图案的示意第一透光单元，斜线阴影的示意第二透光单元，优选地，按照每个第一透光单元和每个第二透光单元相邻的方式进行排列。这样可以尽可能相邻的透光单元分别出射不同偏振方向的激光光束，均衡的分配P光和S光的分布，使得P光和S光的光强度相当，且混合匀化 程度较高。
本领域技术人员能够理解，基于上述分配原则，考虑到加工制作的便利性，优先地，选择行数或者列数为偶数时，将第一透光单元和第二透光单元按照行间隔或者列间隔排列，当激光器发光芯片的排列不是规则的行列排布时，则按照第一透光单元和第二透光单元两两相邻的方式，尽可能使得两种透光单元的数量相当进行排布。
综上，对于图4A～图4D所示例的几种透光部的排列方式中，由于透光部的不同区域对于激光光束具有不同的处理方式，一种区域可以允许激光按照原先的偏振方向出射，另一区域则可以改变激光光束的偏振方向，因此，当激光器发光芯片透射透光部后形成不同偏振方向的激光光束的混合光束，而偏振方向不同，光强度相当的两种激光光束有较大概率形成多个独立散斑图样，利于消散斑，这样降低了激光器阵列出射的激光光束的相干性。
以及，在上述示例中，第一透光单元也可以选择四分之一波片，第二透光单元选择平片玻璃或扩散片材质。则激光光束透过第一透光单元后由线偏振光变为圆偏振光，而激光光束透过第二透光单元仍为原来的线偏振方向，从而从一个激光器阵列出射的激光光束中包括了多个偏振方向，彼此之间的相干性得到了一定程度的降低。
需要说明的是，上述示例中的第一透光单元，第一透光区域，第二透光单元，第二透光区域，以及激光器发光芯片发出P光，S光或者圆偏振光并不对激光器阵列形成限定，仅用于阐明一种具体的实施方式。以及，在实施中，本领域技术人员能够理解，对于第一透光单元和第二透光单元的材质选择也并不局限于本实施例的举例，两者可以互换。
以及，在实际应用中，由于激光器发光芯片发出的激光光束在快轴和慢轴的发散角度不同，使得实际激光光束在快轴方向上呈相对较大的发散状态，比如呈30度发散，而慢轴只有8～10度的发散角，均存在发散的情况，因此，作为激光器阵列组件而言，理论上期望出射相对平行的光束，因此激光器发光芯片发出的光束还需要准直，准直后的光束基本呈平行状态出射，这样有利于后面光路的设计。在一种具体实施中，可以直接在激光器发光芯片上方设置微透镜作为准直镜，然后进行密封封装，比如激光器阵列的最外层设置透光层与金属基板密封连接，将发光芯片和微透镜容纳于密封空间内。
参见图2B，在透光部022的出光侧设置有准直部023，准直部023为一准直镜组，由多个透镜单元结构组成，能够对光束进行准直会聚。
参见图6，准直镜组包括多个准直透镜单元0231，多个准直透镜单元0231的数量与发光芯片数量或透光部的透光单元数量一致，即一个准直透镜单元与透光部的一个透光单元对应，也与一个发光芯片相对应，用于将对应的发光芯片发出的，且透射过第一透光单元或第二透光单元的激光光束进行准直。该准直镜组设置在激光光束的出光方向上。在实际应用中，多个准直透镜单元可以为阵列排列，比如制作成复眼透镜阵列。
可选的，上述准直镜组可以一体成型制作成一个整体，从而覆盖到发光芯片的出光方向上或反射部的出光方向上；也可以每一个准直镜组单独分离设置，独立覆盖在发光芯片的出光方向上或反射部的出光方向上。准直镜组的材质可以选择B270、K9，透光率高且硬度较高的光学玻璃材质。
参见图5所示，为一个激光器阵列封装的结构示意图，在该激光器阵列的最外侧还设置有准直部053，具体地，准直部053为复眼透镜阵列。其中，准直部053的四周边缘部分通过UV胶与透光部052或金属基板0512的四周边缘部分粘接，构成封装后的激光器阵列。封装后，发光芯片(图中未示出)被封闭在透光部052和金属基板0512围合形成的密封空间内。以及引脚0514从金属基板的侧面引出。
在一个实施方式中，发光芯片可以直接通过焊锡焊接到金属基板上，或者,如图3A所示，发光芯片0211还可以通过热沉0213连接至金属基板0212上，发光芯片0211先通过焊接或导热胶粘接方式固定连接到热沉0213的一面，热沉的另一面再通过焊接或导热胶粘接的方式固定连接到金属基板0212上。
需要说明的是，发光芯片和金属基板的连接方式固定连接方式不作特定限制，可以采用焊接的方式，也可以采用导热胶粘接的方式，只要保证该连接方式不会大幅影响热量的传导即可。
每个发光芯片可以通过电连接方式串联在一起，具体的，每个发光芯片都可以连接有金丝，该金丝最终连接到引脚(Pin)，以实现每个发光芯片的通电。可选的，该金丝可以通过胶粘方式固定在金属基板上。
在一个实施方式中，该激光器阵列中的金属基板优选为铜基板，导热性 能较好，厚度可在1mm至3mm范围内选择。
以及，在一个实施方式中，该激光器阵列中的发光芯片所发出的光束可以均为蓝色，也可以均为绿色，也可以均为红色；也可以一部分发光芯片发出蓝色光，另一部分发光芯片发出红色光或绿色光；还可以一部分发光芯片发出蓝色光，一部分发光芯片发出红色光，一部分发光芯片发出绿色光。
在本申请的一个实施方式中，该激光器阵列中如果有多个发光芯片发出同一种颜色的光，无论是蓝色、红色还是绿色，则该多个发光芯片中相邻的发光芯片所发出的光束波长不相同，即存在一定的波长差。采用该种设计方案可以大幅降低相邻激光光束之间的时间相干影响，降低激光显示的散斑影响。本实施例优选该波长差为至少1nm，进一步可优选为2nm。
当发光芯片发出蓝色激光，红色激光时，发出蓝色激光的发光芯片和发出红色激光的发光芯片与第一透光单元和第二透光单元的排列规律一致。这样，蓝色激光和红色激光不仅波长不同，且偏振极性也不同，利于从时间相干性和空间相干性两个维度共同进行消散斑。
如图7A所示，示出了一种双色激光器阵列的发光面结构示意图，其中，红色激光发光芯片和蓝色发光芯片可以彼此相邻排列，第一透光单元和第二透光单元分别覆盖在蓝色激光发光芯片和红色激光发光芯片的发光面上，也彼此间隔排列，以第一透光单元为半波片，第二透光单元为平片玻璃为例，第一行和第三行的第一透光单元分别正常透射蓝色激光，第二行和第四行的第二透光单元则透射经极性翻转的红色激光。
当然，红色激光发光芯片和蓝色激光发光芯片也可以按照行或者列间隔排列，比如第一行和第三行为蓝色激光发光芯片，第二行和第四行为红色激光发光芯片，而第一透光单元和第二透光单元并不按照行或列排列，而是按照棋盘格两两相邻设置，这样也能得到波长不同，极性不同，以及即使波长相同，极性也可能不同的多个激光光束，这样偏振方向的激光光束的散斑对比度也可以获得降低，获得较佳的消散斑效果。
如图7B所示，示出了一种三色激光器阵列的发光面结构示意图，其中在呈阵列排布的多颗发光芯片中，包括红色、绿色、蓝色三色激光发光芯片，其中，第一行和第二行为蓝色激光发光芯片，第三行为红色激光发光芯片，第四行为绿色激光发光芯片，其中，第一行和第三行设置有第一透光单元， 第二行和第四行设置有第二透光单元，这样，第一行和第二行透光单元透射的蓝色激光极性不同，第二行透光单元透射的蓝色激光与第三行透射的红色激光极性不同，第三行透光单元透射的红色激光又与第四行透光单元透射的绿色激光极性不同，从而整个激光器阵列能够发出波长不同且极性不同的多个激光光束。
上述实施方式中的多色激光器阵列能够发出多种波长、且不同极性的激光光束，基于与上述偏振光降低散斑对比度的原理，也同样能够降低激光光束的散斑效应，在此不再赘述。
实施例二、
本申请还提供了一种激光光源，如图8所示，包括激光器阵列801，会聚透镜802，会聚透镜802对激光器阵列801发出的激光光束进行会聚整形形成照明光束，再经过匀光部803的匀化并入射至光机中。其中，匀光部803可以为光导管，也可以为复眼透镜。在进入整形后的激光光束在入射匀光部803之前，或者经匀光部803匀化之后均可以再经过比如运动的扩散轮，扩散片，或者相位调整器件，进行消散斑。
本实施例中的激光器阵列801可以是实施例一种任一激光器阵列示例，由于采用了该激光器阵列，能够从源头抑制激光光束的相干特性或散斑效应，提供了高质量的照明光束，更重要的，可以大大简化光路中消散斑部件的使用，简化光路架构，利于小型化。
实施例三、
本申请还提供了一种激光投影设备，如图9所示，包括激光光源901，光调制器件902，投影镜头903，激光光源901发出激光光束形成照明光束照射至光调制器件902，具体地，是照射到光调制器件902上，在DLP架构中，光调制器件902可以具体为DMD数字微镜阵列，包括上百万个微小反射镜，光调制器件902根据图像显示信号对应的驱动信号对照明光束进行调制，调制后的光束进入投影镜头成像，其中，激光光源为上述实施例中的激光光源。本实施例中提供激光投影设备，可以是激光投影仪，激光投影电视，其中的激光光源能够提高高质量的照明光束，降低散斑效应，同时利于光学架构的 简化，实现激光投影设备的小型化。
在本说明书的描述中，具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种激光器阵列，其特征在于，包括发光部，用于发出激光光束，沿所述发光部的出光方向设置有透光部，用于透射所述激光光束；
    其中，所述透光部包括第一透光区域，第二透光区域，所述第一透光区域和所述第二透光区域的设置使得从所述发光部透射过这两个区域的光束具有不同的偏振方向。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的激光器阵列，其特征在于，所述发光部包括设置于金属基板上的发光芯片，用于发出所述激光光束，所述透光部还用于与所述金属基板围合形成密封空间，将所述发光芯片密封在所述密封空间内。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的激光器阵列，其特征在于，所述发光芯片为多个，所述发光部还包括金属基板。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的激光器阵列，其特征在于，所述第一透光区域和所述第二透光区域的设置使得从所述发光部透射过这两个区域的光束的偏振方向正交；或者，
    所述第一透光区域和所述第二透光区域的设置使得从所述发光部透射过这两个区域的光束分别为线偏振光和圆偏振光。
  5. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的激光器阵列，其特征在于，所述透光部包括窗口支架，所述第一透光区域包括多个第一透光单元，所述第二透光区域包括多个第二透光单元，所述多个第一透光单元，第二透光单元均粘接在所述窗口支架上；或者，
    所述透光部包括透光玻璃板，所述透光玻璃板上分区域镀膜形成所述第一透光区域、第二透光区域。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的激光器阵列，其特征在于，所述第一透光单元，第二透光单元的曲率为零。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的激光器阵列，其特征在于，所述第一透光区域、第二透光区域之一设置有极性转换元件。
  8. 根据权利要求5所述的激光器阵列，其特征在于，所述第一透光单元和所述第二透光单元呈行或者列间隔排列。
  9. 根据权利要求5所述的激光器阵列，其特征在于，每个所述第一透光单元和每个所述第二透光单元相邻排列。
  10. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的激光器阵列，其特征在于，所述第一透光区域、第二透光区域其中之一为平片玻璃或扩散片，另一为半波片或者四分之一波片。
  11. 根据权利要求2所述的激光器阵列，其特征在于，还包括准直部，所述准直部包括多个准直透镜单元，所述准直透镜单元的数量与所述发光芯片的数量一致。
  12. 根据权利要求2所述的激光器阵列，其特征在于，所述发光芯片呈行列阵列排布。
  13. 根据权利要求11或12所述的激光器阵列，其特征在于，所述发光芯片发出的光束颜色为蓝色、绿色、红色中的其中之一；
    或者，所述发光芯片发出的光束颜色为蓝色、绿色、红色中的其中任两种；
    或者，所述发光芯片发出蓝色激光，红色激光，绿色激光。
  14. 一种激光光源，其特征在于，包括上述权利要求1-13任一所述的激光器阵列，以及会聚整形部件，所述会聚整形部件对所述激光器阵列发出的激光光束进行会聚整形形成照明光束。
  15. 一种激光投影设备，其特征在于，包括激光光源，光调制器件，投影镜头，所述激光光源发出激光光束形成照明光束照射至所述光调制器件，所述光调制器件根据图像显示信号对应的驱动信号对所述照明光束进行调制，调制后的光束进入投影镜头成像，其中，所述激光光源为权利要求14所述的激光光源。
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