WO2020052013A1 - 用于连采机的连续式临时护顶装置和连采机 - Google Patents

用于连采机的连续式临时护顶装置和连采机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020052013A1
WO2020052013A1 PCT/CN2018/112380 CN2018112380W WO2020052013A1 WO 2020052013 A1 WO2020052013 A1 WO 2020052013A1 CN 2018112380 W CN2018112380 W CN 2018112380W WO 2020052013 A1 WO2020052013 A1 WO 2020052013A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
continuous
roller
mining machine
cylinder
rolling
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Ceased
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PCT/CN2018/112380
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张农
魏群
谢正正
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China University of Mining and Technology CUMT
China University of Mining and Technology Beijing CUMTB
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China University of Mining and Technology CUMT
China University of Mining and Technology Beijing CUMTB
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Publication of WO2020052013A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020052013A1/zh
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C35/00—Details of, or accessories for, machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam, not provided for in groups E21C25/00 - E21C33/00, E21C37/00 or E21C39/00
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D23/00—Mine roof supports for step- by- step movement, e.g. in combination with provisions for shifting of conveyors, mining machines, or guides therefor
    • E21D23/04—Structural features of the supporting construction, e.g. linking members between adjacent frames or sets of props; Means for counteracting lateral sliding on inclined floor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D23/00—Mine roof supports for step- by- step movement, e.g. in combination with provisions for shifting of conveyors, mining machines, or guides therefor
    • E21D23/04—Structural features of the supporting construction, e.g. linking members between adjacent frames or sets of props; Means for counteracting lateral sliding on inclined floor
    • E21D23/06—Special mine caps or special tops of pit-props for permitting step-by-step movement
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D23/00—Mine roof supports for step- by- step movement, e.g. in combination with provisions for shifting of conveyors, mining machines, or guides therefor
    • E21D23/0004—Mine roof supports for step- by- step movement, e.g. in combination with provisions for shifting of conveyors, mining machines, or guides therefor along the working face
    • E21D23/0017—Pile type supports
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D23/00—Mine roof supports for step- by- step movement, e.g. in combination with provisions for shifting of conveyors, mining machines, or guides therefor
    • E21D23/0052—Mine roof supports for step- by- step movement, e.g. in combination with provisions for shifting of conveyors, mining machines, or guides therefor with advancing shifting devices connected therewith

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a continuous mining machine, in particular to a continuous temporary roof protection device and a continuous mining machine for the continuous mining machine.
  • China's resource endowment determines that coal will remain China's main energy source for a period of time.
  • Ninety percent of China's coal production is mined.
  • Safe and efficient tunneling of roadways is an important condition for ensuring mine mining.
  • Coal mine safety regulations stipulate that empty roof operations are strictly prohibited. After the roadway is excavated, the three-way stress state of the surrounding rock is broken, and the roof rock layer is no longer stable. Therefore, the support operation after the excavation must be performed under temporary support.
  • the traditional temporary support methods, such as point-pillar type need to manually carry the single pillars to install under the empty roof area.
  • the support of the exposed roof is point contact, high labor intensity, poor safety, and low efficiency.
  • the support is passive line contact to the exposed roof.
  • the on-board temporary support of the comprehensive excavation increases the contact surface with the exposed roof, but it must be ensured that the comprehensive excavator is stopped and cut during operation. With the head down, it is difficult to achieve anchor support and cutting parallel operations; some frame-type temporary support devices that are provided with the excavator or travel alone on the crawler have a large support area and high strength on the exposed roof, but they do not support the exposed roof. Repeated loading and unloading may cause damage to the top plate. The existing temporary support methods have adversely affected the improvement of the tunneling speed and safety.
  • the invention aims to solve the problems of low mechanization of temporary support, high labor intensity, poor safety, and repeated damage to the roof caused by repeated loading and unloading of the roof during the bolt supporting operation of a roadway, and provides a continuous temporary use for continuous mining machines. Roof guards and continuous miners.
  • a continuous temporary roof protection device for a continuous mining machine comprising a rolling top protection, the rolling top protection is fixed on the frame of the continuous mining machine through a pillar structure;
  • the rolling top cover includes a frame body, a closed track ring, a first roller, a second roller, and an elastic supporting structure.
  • the first roller and the second roller are hinged to two ends of the frame, respectively, and the closure
  • a track ring is sleeved on the first roller and the second roller and is in rolling connection with the first roller and the second roller.
  • a plurality of guide cylinders are fixed on the inner side of the frame body, and the guide cylinders are in contact with the elasticity. Support structure connection, the elastic support structure and the closed track ring rolling connection;
  • the elastic supporting structure includes a supporting roller, a fork frame and a butterfly spring group, the supporting roller is in rolling connection with the closed track ring, the supporting roller is hinged with the fork frame, and the fork
  • the lower part of the frame is provided with a limiting cylinder, and the central position of the limiting cylinder is provided with a central cylinder.
  • the limiting cylinder of the fork frame is sleeved outside the guide cylinder, and the fork frame and the butterfly spring group In contact, the central cylinder of the fork-shaped frame is inserted into the central hole of the butterfly spring group and the butterfly spring group is placed in the guide cylinder, and the closed crawler ring is a member contacting the roof of the roadway.
  • the closed track ring is hinged from a plurality of tracks.
  • the track includes a track shoe base, hard rubber, and a chain rail.
  • the hard rubber is fixed on the track shoe base.
  • the chain track is connected to the track shoe base, and each of the track tracks is hinged by a chain track.
  • the hard rubber is adhered to the track shoe base body by epoxy resin, and the hard rubber is fixed to the track shoe base body by hexagon socket screws.
  • the rolling top cover includes a tensioning mechanism, and the tensioning mechanism is used to push the first roller to realize the tension of the closed track ring.
  • the column structure includes a square inner sleeve, a square outer sleeve, and a height adjustment cylinder.
  • the bottom of the square outer sleeve is fixed to the frame of the continuous mining machine by bolts.
  • a square inner sleeve is embedded in the square outer sleeve, the bottom of the cylinder body of the height adjustment cylinder is hinged with the square outer sleeve, and the piston rod of the height adjustment cylinder is hinged with the square inner sleeve.
  • the square inner sleeve is hinged to the frame body.
  • the height adjustment oil cylinder is a double-acting oil cylinder, an oil inlet of the rodless cavity of the height adjustment oil cylinder is bypass-connected with an accumulator, and two oil inlets of the height adjustment oil cylinder
  • the ports are connected with a directional valve through a hydraulic lock, and a pressure gauge and a relief valve are provided between the directional valve and the hydraulic lock.
  • the rolling top cover is fixed on the frame of the continuous mining machine through a plurality of post structures.
  • a continuous mining machine includes a continuous temporary roof protection device for the continuous mining machine.
  • a cutting mechanism is further included, and the cutting mechanism is located at the front end of the continuous temporary roof protection device.
  • the rolling top protection of the continuous temporary roof protection device for continuous miners of the present invention can realize the continuous support of the cutting equipment for the bare roof after cutting, without the need for loading and unloading, effectively avoiding the existing In the technology, the roof damage caused by repeated loading and unloading of the roof when the driving equipment is displaced, realizes effective temporary support for the exposed roof after cutting, and the anchor support operation can be carried out at the rear of the continuous mining machine. Cutting, support and parallel operation create conditions, high driving efficiency, and reduce the impact of anchor support on cutting.
  • the closed track ring of the present invention is in rolling contact with the elastic supporting structure, the first roller and the second roller.
  • the compression amounts of the butterfly spring groups of the plurality of elastic supporting structures are different, thereby enabling the closed track ring to achieve good contact with the uneven roadway roof, having a large contact surface with the roadway roof, and high safety.
  • the invention can pass pressure oil to the rodless cavity of the height adjustment cylinder through the reversing valve.
  • the height adjustment cylinder drives the square inner sleeve to drive the rolling top to load the top plate.
  • the reversing valve does not pass the height adjustment cylinder.
  • FIG. 1 is a side view of the working state of the continuous mining machine in a driving tunnel of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a continuous miner according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a continuous temporary roof protecting device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a rolling top cover according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of a rolling top cover according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a fork-shaped frame of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a track of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a pillar structure of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic principle of the height adjustment cylinder of the present invention.
  • This embodiment aims to solve the problems of low mechanization of temporary support, high labor intensity, poor safety, and repeated damage to the roof caused by repeated loading and unloading of the roof during the bolt supporting operation in a roadway.
  • a continuous type for continuous mining machine is provided. Temporary roof protection and continuous miners. details as follows:
  • FIG. 1 the marks in Figure 1 are specifically expressed as: roadway floor 1, heading working face 2, unsupported roadway roof 3 after cutting, roadway roof 4 that has been supported, roof bolt 5, and ⁇ ⁇ 6 ⁇ Mining machine 6.
  • This embodiment provides a continuous mining machine, which includes a continuous temporary roof protection device and a cutting mechanism for the continuous mining machine, and the cutting mechanism is located at the front end of the continuous temporary roof protection device.
  • the continuous temporary roof protection device can continuously maintain the roof to achieve effective temporary support for the bare roof after cutting.
  • Anchor support work is required at the rear of the cutting equipment.
  • Anchor drilling rig enters the front and stops and retreats the driving equipment. The parallel operation of cutting and supporting has been realized, and the driving efficiency has been improved.
  • a continuous temporary roof protection device for a continuous mining machine the specific structure includes a rolling roof protection A, the rolling roof protection A is fixed to the machine of the continuous mining machine 6 through a pillar structure B. Shelf.
  • the rolling top A includes a frame body A2, a closed track ring A3, a first roller A10, a second roller A1, and an elastic supporting structure.
  • the first roller A10 and the second roller A1 They are hinged to the two ends of the frame A2, respectively, and can be rotated relative to the frame A2.
  • the closed track ring A3 is sleeved on the first roller A10 and the second roller A1, and is connected with the first roller A10 and The second roller A1 is rollingly connected. Referring to FIG.
  • a plurality of guide cylinders A8 are fixed to the inside of the frame A2 (the frame A2 includes a long hollow shell and a triangle-like bracket for articulating with the pillar structure B, and the long hollow shell The left and right ends are hinged to the first and second rollers A10 and A1 respectively.
  • the top of the long hollow casing is an opening.
  • the guide tube A8 is fixed to the inner bottom of the long hollow casing.
  • the elastic supporting structure includes a supporting roller A6, a fork frame A5, and a butterfly spring group A7, and the supporting roller A6 passes through the top of the long hollow casing of the frame A2 so as to communicate with the
  • the closed track ring A3 is rollingly connected, and the supporting roller A6 is hinged to the fork frame A5.
  • a lower limit cylinder A11 is provided at the lower portion of the fork frame A5, and a central position of the limit cylinder A11 is provided.
  • the butterfly spring group A7 is inserted into the center hole of the butterfly spring group A7 and the butterfly spring group A7 is placed in the guide cylinder A8.
  • the closed track ring A3 is a component that is in contact with the roof of the roadway.
  • the closed track ring A3 is in rolling contact with the elastic supporting structure, the first roller A10, and the second roller A1.
  • each track A4 includes a track shoe base A13, hard rubber A14, and a chain rail A16, and the hard rubber A14 is fixed to the track shoe base.
  • the chain rail A16 is connected to the track shoe base A13, and each of the crawler tracks A4 is hinged through a chain rail A16.
  • the hard rubber A14 is bonded to the track shoe base A13 by an epoxy resin, and the hard rubber A14 is fixed to the track shoe base A13 by an Allen screw A15.
  • the rolling top cover A further includes a tensioning mechanism A9 (a tensioner commonly used in the prior art can be used), and the tensioning mechanism A9 is disposed in a long hollow shell of the frame A2.
  • the tightening mechanism A9 is used to push the first roller A10 so as to realize the tightening of the closed track ring A3.
  • the first roller A10 is connected to one end of the frame body A2 through 360 degrees, and the first roller A10 is horizontally slidably connected to one end of the frame body A2. It has a certain horizontal sliding space, and provides a tensioning stroke for the tensioning mechanism A9. .
  • the pillar structure B is a height adjustment mechanism.
  • the pillar structure B includes a square inner sleeve B1, a square outer sleeve B2, and a height adjustment cylinder B3.
  • the bottom of the square outer sleeve B2 is fixed to the bottom by a bolt.
  • the square inner sleeve B1 is embedded in the square outer sleeve B2, the square inner sleeve B1 can slide relative to the square outer sleeve B2, and the cylinder of the height adjustment cylinder B3
  • the bottom of the body is hinged to the square outer sleeve B2 through a pin, and the top of the cylinder body of the height adjustment cylinder B3 extends into the inside of the square inner sleeve B1, and the piston rod of the height adjustment cylinder B3 is connected with the pin through
  • the square inner sleeve B1 is hinged, and the top of the square inner sleeve B1 is hinged with the frame A2.
  • the articulation manner is shown in FIG. 3.
  • the height adjustment cylinder B3 is a double-acting cylinder.
  • the lower oil port (without rod cavity) of the height adjustment cylinder B3 extends from the bottom of the square outer sleeve B1 through a pipeline and is connected with pressure oil.
  • the upper oil port of the height adjustment cylinder B3 Pressurized oil is sequentially extended from the bottom of the square inner sleeve B2 and the bottom of the square outer sleeve B1 through a pipeline.
  • the rolling top A is fixed on the frame of the continuous mining machine through a plurality of pillar structures B. Therefore, there are also a plurality of height adjustment cylinders B3.
  • an accumulator B6 is connected to the oil inlet bypass of the rodless cavity of each height adjustment cylinder B3, and two oil inlets of the height adjustment cylinder B3 are connected to a directional valve B4 through a hydraulic lock B5.
  • Pressure oil can be passed to the rodless cavity or rod cavity of the height adjustment cylinder B3 through the reversing valve B4, so that the height adjustment cylinder B3 can be loaded or unloaded, and the height adjustment cylinder B3 drives the square inner sleeve B1 to drive the rolling protection.
  • the top A loads the top plate, and when the reversing valve B4 does not pass pressure oil to the height adjustment cylinder B3, the pressure oil in the accumulator B6 causes the height adjustment cylinder B3 to be loaded, thereby ensuring the continuous protection of the rolling top A to the top plate Set.
  • a pressure gauge B7 and a relief valve B8 are provided between the directional valve B4 and the hydraulic lock B5. The relief pressure of the relief valve B8 can be adjusted with the aid of the pressure gauge B7 to achieve different support strengths.
  • the permanent anchor support operation of the roof can be carried out at the rear of the continuous mining machine 6, thereby reducing the impact of the anchor support on cutting.
  • the height adjustment cylinder B3 drives the square inner sleeve B1 under the action of pressure oil.
  • the square inner sleeve B1 pushes the frame A2 in the rolling top A, and the square inner sleeve B1 and The frame A2 is hinged.
  • the first roller A10 and the second roller A1 articulated on the frame A2 are driven by the continuous mining machine 6 to drive the closed crawler ring A3 along the roadway roof.
  • the closed crawler ring A3 and the elastic supporting structure, the first roller A10, and the second roller The rolling contact between A1, the butterfly spring group A7 of the multiple elastic supporting structures has different compression amounts, so that the closed crawler ring A3 can achieve good contact with the uneven roadway roof; finally, temporary support for the roadway roof is realized.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
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Abstract

一种用于连采机的连续式临时护顶装置和连采机，其中，连续式临时顶护装置包括滚动式护顶部（A），滚动式护顶部（A）通过立柱结构（B）固定在连采机（6）的机架上；滚动式护顶部（A）包括架体（A2）、闭合履带环（A3）、第一滚轮（A10）、第二滚轮（A1）和弹性支重结构，第一滚轮（A10）和第二滚轮（A1）分别与架体（A2）的两端铰接，闭合履带环（A3）套设在第一滚轮（A10）和第二滚轮（A1）上且与第一滚轮（A10）和第二滚轮（A1）滚动连接，架体（A2）上固定有多个引导筒（A8），引导筒（A8）与弹性支重结构连接，弹性支重结构与闭合履带环（A3）滚动连接，闭合履带环（A3）为与巷道顶板（4）接触的部件；连采机（6）包括连续式临时护顶装置和截割机构，截割机构位于连续式临时护顶装置的前端，可以实现掘进设备对截割后裸露顶板的连续支撑，防止掘进设备移位时对顶板重复加、卸载导致的顶板损伤，锚杆支护作业于连采机的后部开展，实现了截割、支护平行作业，掘进效率高。

Description

用于连采机的连续式临时护顶装置和连采机 技术领域
本发明涉及一种连采机，特别涉及一种用于连采机的连续式临时护顶装置和连采机。
背景技术
我国的资源禀赋决定了煤炭在今后一段时期内仍将是我国的主体能源。我国煤炭产量的90％是井工开采，巷道的安全、高效掘进是确保井工煤炭开采的重要条件。煤矿安全规程规定，严禁空顶作业。巷道掘进后，围岩的三向应力状态被打破，顶板岩层不再保持稳定，因此掘进后的支护作业必须在临时支护下进行。传统的临时支护方法如点柱式，需要人工搬运单体支柱至空顶区下进行安装，对裸露顶板的支护是点接触，劳动强度高、安全性差、效率低；蹿管梁式临时支护对裸露顶板是被动的线接触，同样存在安全性差、效率低等不足；综掘机载式临时支护增加了与裸露顶板的接触面，但是作业时必须确保综掘机停机、截割头放下，难以实现锚杆支护、截割平行作业；一些掘锚机自带的，或者单独履带行走的框架式临时支护装置对裸露顶板的支护面积大、强度高，但是对裸露顶板重复加、卸载可能会对顶板带来破坏。现有的临时支护方法对巷道的掘进速度、安全性的提高产生了不利影响。
发明内容
本发明旨在解决掘进巷道锚杆支护作业时临时支护机械化程度低、劳动强度高、安全性差、对顶板重复加卸载导致顶板损坏的问题，提供一种用于连采机的连续式临时护顶装置和连采机。
为实现上述技术目的，本发明采取的技术方案为：
一种用于连采机的连续式临时护顶装置，包括滚动式护顶部,所述滚动式护顶部通过立柱结构固定在连采机的机架上；
所述滚动式护顶部包括架体、闭合履带环、第一滚轮、第二滚轮和弹性支重结构，所述第一滚轮和第二滚轮分别与所述架体的两端铰接，所述闭合履带环套设在所述第一滚轮和第二滚轮上且与所述第一滚轮和第二滚轮滚动连接，所述架体的内侧固定有多个引导筒，所述引导筒与所述弹性支重结构连接，所述弹性支重结构与所述闭合履带环滚动连接；
所述弹性支重结构包括支重滚轮、叉形架和蝶形弹簧组，所述支重滚轮与所述闭合履带环滚动连接，所述支重滚轮与所述叉形架铰接，所述叉形架的下部设置有限位筒，所述限位筒的中心位置设置有中心圆柱，所述叉形架的限位筒套在所述引导筒的外部且叉形架与所述蝶形弹簧组接触，所述叉形架的中心圆柱插入所述蝶形弹簧组的中心孔中且所述蝶形弹簧组放置于所述引导筒中，所述闭合履带环为与巷道顶板接触的部件。
作为本发明进一步改进的技术方案，所述闭合履带环由多个履带铰接而成，所述履带包括履带板基体、硬橡胶和链轨，所述硬橡胶固定在所述履带板基体上，所述链轨与所述履带板基体连接，每个所述履带之间通过链轨铰接。
作为本发明进一步改进的技术方案，所述硬橡胶通过环氧树脂粘结在所述履带板基体上且硬橡胶通过内六角螺钉固定在所述履带板基体上。
作为本发明进一步改进的技术方案，所述滚动式护顶部包括张紧机构，所述张紧机构用于推动所述第一滚轮从而实现闭合履带环的张紧。
作为本发明进一步改进的技术方案，所述立柱结构包括方形内套筒、方形外套筒和高度调整油缸，所述方形外套筒的底部通过螺栓固定在连采机的机架上，所述方形内套筒嵌入在所述方形外套筒内，所述高度调整油缸的缸体的底部与所述方形外套筒铰接，所述高度调整油缸的活塞杆与所述方形内套筒铰接，所述方形内套筒与所述架体铰接。
作为本发明进一步改进的技术方案，所述高度调整油缸为双作用油缸，所述高度调整油缸的无杆腔的进油口旁路连接有蓄能器，所述高度调整油缸的两个进油口均通过液压锁连接有换向阀，换向阀与液压锁之间设置有压力表和溢流阀。
作为本发明进一步改进的技术方案，所述滚动式护顶部通过多个立柱结构固定在连采机的机架上。
作为本发明进一步改进的技术方案，所述滚动式护顶部为2个。
为实现上述技术目的，本发明采取的另一个技术方案为：
一种连采机，包括用于连采机的连续式临时护顶装置。
作为本发明进一步改进的技术方案，还包括截割机构，所述截割机构位于连续式临时护顶装置的前端。
本发明的有益效果为：
(1)本发明的用于连采机的连续式临时护顶装置的滚动式护顶部可以实现掘进设备对截割后裸露顶板的连续支撑，不需要进行加、卸载，有效的避免了现有技术中掘进设备移位时对顶板多次加、卸载导致的顶板损伤，实现了对截割后裸露顶板有效的临时支护，锚杆支护作业可以于连采机的后部开展，为实现截割、支护平行作业创造条件，掘进效率高,降低了锚杆支护对截割的影响。
(2)本发明的闭合履带环通过与弹性支重结构、第一滚轮和第二滚轮之间滚动接触。当巷道顶板不平整时，多个所述弹性支重结构的蝶形弹簧组压缩量不同，进而使闭合履带环与不平整的巷道顶板实现良好接触,与巷道顶板接触面大，安全性高。
(3)本发明可以通过换向阀给高度调整油缸的无杆腔通入压力油，高度调整油缸带动方形内套筒进而带动滚动式护顶部对顶板加载，换向阀不给高度调整油缸通入压力油时，蓄能器中的压力油使得高度调整油缸带载，进而确保滚动式护顶部对顶板的持续保载，效率高，减少了劳动强度。
附图说明
图1是本发明的连采机在掘进巷道中的工作状态的侧视图。
图2是本发明的连采机的斜视图。
图3是本发明的连续式临时护顶装置的结构示意图。
图4是本发明的滚动式护顶部的结构示意图。
图5是本发明的滚动式护顶部的部分剖视图。
图6是本发明的叉形架的结构示意图。
图7是本发明的履带的结构示意图。
图8是本发明的立柱结构的结构示意图。
图9是本发明的高度调整油缸的液压原理示意图。
图中：巷道底板1，掘进工作面2，截割后未支护的巷道顶板3，已经支护完成的巷道顶板4，顶板锚杆5，连采机6；滚动式护顶部A，第二滚轮A1，架体A2，闭合履带环A3，履带A4，叉形架A5，支重滚轮A6，蝶形弹簧组A7，引导筒A8，张紧机构A9，第一滚轮A10，限位筒A11，中心圆柱A12，履带板基体A13，硬橡胶A14，内六角螺钉A15，链轨A16；立柱结构B，方形内套筒B1，方形外套筒B2，高度调整油缸B3，换向阀B4，液压锁B5，蓄能器B6，压力表B7，溢流阀B8。
具体实施方式
下面根据图1至图9对本发明的具体实施方式作出进一步说明：
本实施例旨在解决掘进巷道锚杆支护作业时临时支护机械化程度低、劳动强度高、安全性差、对顶板重复加卸载导致顶板损坏的问题，提供一种用于连采机的连续式临时护顶装置和连采机。具体如下：
如图1和图2,图1中标记具体表示为:巷道底板1，掘进工作面2，截割后未支护的巷道顶板3，已经支护完成的巷道顶板4，顶板锚杆5，连采机6。本实施例提供一种连采机，包括用于连采机的连续式临时护顶装置和截割机构，所述截割机构位于连续式临时护顶装置的前端。当截割机构截割作业时，连续式临时护顶装置可对顶板进行持续保载实现对截割后裸露顶板有效的临时支护，于截割设备后部进行锚杆支护作业，不必为锚杆钻机进入前部而使掘进设备停机、后退。实现了截割、支护平行作业，进而提高了掘进效率。
如图1和图2,一种用于连采机的连续式临时护顶装置，具体结构包括滚动式护顶部A,所述滚动式护顶部A通过立柱结构B固定在连采机6的机架上。
参见图3和图4，所述滚动式护顶部A包括架体A2、闭合履带环A3、第一滚轮A10、第二滚轮A1和弹性支重结构，所述第一滚轮A10和第二滚轮A1分别与所述架体A2的两端铰接，可相对架体A2进行旋转，所述闭合履带环A3套设在所述第一滚轮A10和第二滚轮A1上且与所述第一滚轮A10和第二滚轮A1滚动连接。参见图5，所述架体A2的内侧固定有多个引导筒A8(架体A2包括长条形空心壳体和用于与立柱结构B铰接的类似三角形的支架，长条形空心壳体的左右两端分别与第一滚轮A10和第二滚轮A1铰接，长条形空心壳体的顶部为开口，引导筒A8固定在长条形空心壳体的内侧底部，长条形空心壳体的前后两侧壁均固定有用于与立柱结构B铰接的类似三角形的支架，具体结构如图3所示)，所述引导筒A8与所述弹性支重结构连接，所述弹性支重结构与位于架体A2上方的闭合履带环A3滚动连接，即闭合履带环A3与弹性支重结构、第一滚轮A10和第二滚轮A1之间滚动接触。滚动式护顶部A的第一滚轮A10、第二滚轮A1与架体A2之间可以自由转动，连采机前后移位时，闭合履带环A3与顶板之间带载滚动，实现对顶板的持续临时支护。
参见图5，所述弹性支重结构包括支重滚轮A6、叉形架A5和蝶形弹簧组A7，所述支重滚轮A6穿过架体A2的长条形空心壳体顶部从而与所述闭合履带环A3滚动连接，所述支重滚轮A6与所述叉形架A5铰接，参见图6，所述叉形架A5的下部设置有限位筒A11，所述限位筒A11的中心位置设置有中心圆柱A12，所述叉形架A5的限位筒A11套在所述引导筒A8的外部且叉形架A5与所述蝶形弹簧组A7接触，所述叉形架A5的中心圆柱A12插入所述蝶形弹簧组A7的中心孔中且所述蝶形弹簧组A7放置于所述引导筒A8中，所述闭合履带环A3为与巷道顶板接触的部件。闭合履带环A3与所述弹性支重结构、第一滚轮A10、第二滚轮A1之间滚动接触，当巷道顶板不平整时，多个所述弹性支重结构的蝶形弹簧组A7压缩量不同，进而使所述闭合履带环A3与不平整的巷道顶板实现良好接触。
所述闭合履带环A3由多个履带A4铰接而成，参见图7，每个履带A4均包括履带板基体A13、硬橡胶A14和链轨A16，所述硬橡胶A14固定在所述履带板基体A13上，所述链轨A16与所述履带板基体A13连接，每个所述履带A4之间通过链轨A16铰接。所述硬橡胶A14通过环氧树脂粘结在所述履带板基体A13上且硬橡胶A14通过内六角螺钉A15固定在所述履带板基体A13上。
参见图5，所述滚动式护顶部A还包括张紧机构A9(可以采用现有技术常用的张紧器)，张紧机构A9设于架体A2的长条形空心壳体内，所述张紧机构A9用于推动所述第一滚轮A10从而实现闭合履带环A3的张紧。所述第一滚轮A10与所述架体A2的一端360度旋转连接且第一滚轮A10与架体A2的一端水平滑动连接，具有一定的水平滑动空间，为张紧机构A9提供了张紧行程。
参见图8，所述立柱结构B为高度调整机构，所述立柱结构B包括方形内套筒B1、方形外套筒B2和高度调整油缸B3，所述方形外套筒B2的底部通过螺栓固定在连采机6的机架上，所述方形内套筒B1嵌入在所述方形外套筒B2内，方形内套筒B1可相对于方形外套筒B2滑动，所述高度调整油缸B3的缸体的底部通过销轴与所述方形外套筒B2铰接，所述高度调整油缸B3的缸体的顶部伸进所述方形内套管B1的内 部且高度调整油缸B3的活塞杆通过销轴与所述方形内套筒B1铰接，所述方形内套筒B1的顶部与所述架体A2铰接，铰接方式如图3所示。所述高度调整油缸B3为双作用油缸,高度调整油缸B3的下油口(无杆腔)通过管路从方形外套筒B1底部伸出并连接有压力油，高度调整油缸B3的上油口(有杆腔)通过管路依次从方形内套筒B2的底部和方形外套筒B1底部伸出并连接有压力油。
所述滚动式护顶部A通过多个立柱结构B固定在连采机的机架上。因此高度调整油缸B3也为多个。参见图9，每个高度调整油缸B3的无杆腔的进油口旁路均连接有蓄能器B6，高度调整油缸B3的两个进油口均通过液压锁B5连接有换向阀B4。可以通过换向阀B4给高度调整油缸B3的无杆腔或有杆腔通入压力油，进而实现高度调整油缸B3带载或卸载，高度调整油缸B3带动方形内套筒B1进而带动滚动式护顶部A对顶板加载，换向阀B4不给高度调整油缸B3通入压力油时，蓄能器B6中的压力油使得高度调整油缸B3带载，进而确保滚动式护顶部A对顶板的持续保载。换向阀B4与液压锁B5之间设置有压力表B7和溢流阀B8。可以在压力表B7的辅助下调整溢流阀B8的溢流压力，实现不同的支护强度。
本实施例中的用于连采机的连续式临时护顶装置为2套，固定在连采机6的机架上。
本实施例可以于连采机6的后部开展顶板的永久锚杆支护作业，降低了锚杆支护对截割的影响。
本实施例在具体工作时，首先，高度调整油缸B3在压力油的作用下带动方形内套筒B1，方形内套筒B1推动滚动式护顶部A内的架体A2，方形内套筒B1与架体A2铰接。架体A2铰接的第一滚轮A10和第二滚轮A1由于连采机6的行走带动闭合履带环A3沿着巷道顶板滚动，闭合履带环A3与弹性支重结构、第一滚轮A10、第二滚轮A1之间滚动接触，多个弹性支重结构的蝶形弹簧组A7压缩量不同，进而使所述闭合履带环A3与不平整的巷道顶板实现良好接触；最终实现对巷道顶板临时支护。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种用于连采机的连续式临时护顶装置，其特征在于：包括滚动式护顶部(A),所述滚动式护顶部(A)通过立柱结构(B)固定在连采机(6)的机架上；
    所述滚动式护顶部(A)包括架体(A2)、闭合履带环(A3)、第一滚轮(A10)、第二滚轮(A1)和弹性支重结构，所述第一滚轮(A10)和第二滚轮(A1)分别与所述架体(A2)的两端铰接，所述闭合履带环(A3)套设在所述第一滚轮(A10)和第二滚轮(A1)上且与所述第一滚轮(A10)和第二滚轮(A1)滚动连接，所述架体(A2)的内侧固定有多个引导筒(A8)，所述引导筒(A8)与所述弹性支重结构连接，所述弹性支重结构与所述闭合履带环(A3)滚动连接；
    所述弹性支重结构包括支重滚轮(A6)、叉形架(A5)和蝶形弹簧组(A7)，所述支重滚轮(A6)与所述闭合履带环(A3)滚动连接，所述支重滚轮(A6)与所述叉形架(A5)铰接，所述叉形架(A5)的下部设置有限位筒(A11)，所述限位筒(A11)的中心位置设置有中心圆柱(A12)，所述叉形架(A5)的限位筒(A11)套在所述引导筒(A8)的外部且叉形架(A5)与所述蝶形弹簧组(A7)接触，所述叉形架(A5)的中心圆柱(A12)插入所述蝶形弹簧组(A7)的中心孔中且所述蝶形弹簧组(A7)放置于所述引导筒(A8)中，所述闭合履带环(A3)为与巷道顶板接触的部件。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的用于连采机的连续式临时护顶装置，其特征在于：所述闭合履带环(A3)由多个履带(A4)铰接而成，所述履带(A4)包括履带板基体(A13)、硬橡胶(A14)和链轨(A16)，所述硬橡胶(A14)固定在所述履带板基体(A13)上，所述链轨(A16)与所述履带板基体(A13)连接，每个所述履带(A4)之间通过链轨(A16)铰接。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的用于连采机的连续式临时护顶装置，其特征在于：所述硬橡胶(A14)通过环氧树脂粘结在所述履带板基体(A13)上且硬橡胶(A14)通过内六角螺钉(A15)固定在所述履带板基体(A13)上。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的用于连采机的连续式临时护顶装置，其特征在于：所述滚动式护顶部(A)包括张紧机构(A9)，所述张紧机构(A9)用于推动所述第一滚轮(A10)从而实现闭合履带环(A3)的张紧。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的用于连采机的连续式临时护顶装置，其特征在于：所述立柱结构(B)包括方形内套筒(B1)、方形外套筒(B2)和高度调整油缸(B3)，所述方形外套筒(B2)的底部通过螺栓固定在连采机(6)的机架上，所述方形内套筒(B1)嵌入在所述方形外套筒(B2)内，所述高度调整油缸(B3)的缸体的底部与所述方形外套筒(B2)铰接，所述高度调整油缸(B3)的活塞杆与所述方形内套筒(B1)铰接，所述方形内套筒(B1)与所述架体(A2)铰接。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的用于连采机的连续式临时护顶装置，其特征在于：所述高度调整油缸(B3)为双作用油缸，所述高度调整油缸(B3)的无杆腔的进油口旁路连接有蓄能器(B6)，所述高度调整油缸(B3)的两个进油口均通过液压锁(B5)连接有换向阀(B4)，换向阀(B4)与液压锁(B5)之间设置有压力表(B7)和溢流阀(B8)。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的用于连采机的连续式临时护顶装置，其特征在于：所述滚动式护顶部(A)通过多个立柱结构(B)固定在连采机(6)的机架上。
  8. 根据权利要求1至7任一项所述的用于连采机的连续式临时护顶装置，其特征在于：所述滚动式护顶部(A)为2个。
  9. 一种连采机，其特征在于：包括如权利要求1至7任一项所述的用于连采机(6)的连续式临时护顶装置。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的连采机，其特征在于：包括截割机构，所述截割机构位于连续式临时护顶装置的前端。
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