WO2020050022A1 - Compresseur électrique, dispositif de réfrigération et de climatisation l'utilisation - Google Patents

Compresseur électrique, dispositif de réfrigération et de climatisation l'utilisation Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020050022A1
WO2020050022A1 PCT/JP2019/032568 JP2019032568W WO2020050022A1 WO 2020050022 A1 WO2020050022 A1 WO 2020050022A1 JP 2019032568 W JP2019032568 W JP 2019032568W WO 2020050022 A1 WO2020050022 A1 WO 2020050022A1
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Prior art keywords
refrigerant
oil
refrigerating machine
electric compressor
machine oil
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PCT/JP2019/032568
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
植田　英之
内藤　宏治
亮 太田
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日立ジョンソンコントロールズ空調株式会社
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Publication of WO2020050022A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020050022A1/fr

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
    • C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
    • C09K5/04—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
    • C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M129/16—Ethers
    • C10M129/18—Epoxides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
    • C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M129/66—Epoxidised acids or esters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
    • C10M133/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M133/22—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms containing a carbon-to-nitrogen double bond, e.g. guanidines, hydrazones, semicarbazones
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M171/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by purely physical criteria, e.g. containing as base-material, thickener or additive, ingredients which are characterised exclusively by their numerically specified physical properties, i.e. containing ingredients which are physically well-defined but for which the chemical nature is either unspecified or only very vaguely indicated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C29/00—Component parts, details or accessories of pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C18/00 - F04C28/00
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
    • C10M105/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound containing oxygen
    • C10M105/32—Esters
    • C10M105/38—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M107/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound
    • C10M107/20—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound containing oxygen
    • C10M107/22—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M107/24—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to an alcohol, aldehyde, ketonic, ether, ketal or acetal radical

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electric compressor and an air conditioner and a refrigeration / air-conditioning apparatus such as a refrigeration / freezing showcase using the same.
  • a refrigerant used for a refrigerator, an air conditioner, a refrigerator, and the like for example, R134a, R410A, R407C, and the like are used. Although these refrigerants have little effect on the ozone layer, they have a large global warming potential (GWP).
  • GWP global warming potential
  • trifluoroiodomethane (CF 3 I) has been proposed as an alternative refrigerant.
  • the GWP of trifluoroiodomethane (CF 3 I) is 5 or less, which is smaller than that of G41020 of R410A.
  • Trifluoroiodomethane (CF 3 I) is filled in the closed container of the electric compressor.
  • Trifluoroiodomethane (CF 3 I) used as a refrigerant has a global warming potential of one-fourth or less of R410A, but has poor stability and is decomposed by moisture. The products generated by the decomposition may deteriorate the refrigerating machine oil sealed in the compressor, and may cause abrasion of sliding portions of the compressor.
  • An object of the present invention is to solve the above problems and to provide an electric compressor in which refrigeration oil is suppressed in a refrigerant using trifluoroiodomethane (CF 3 I) as a refrigerant and a refrigeration / air-conditioning apparatus using the electric compressor. is there.
  • CF 3 I trifluoroiodomethane
  • a feature of the present invention to achieve the above object is that a sealed container, a compression mechanism portion that is housed in the closed container and compresses a refrigerant, and an electric motor that drives the compression mechanism portion via a shaft.
  • An electric compressor comprising: a bearing for supporting the shaft; and a refrigerating machine oil stored at a bottom of the closed container, wherein the refrigerant is trifluoroiodomethane (CF 3 I) alone or the trifluoroiodine methane.
  • a mixed refrigerant containing iodomethane (CF 3 I) and another refrigerant wherein the refrigerating machine oil contains an acid scavenger, and the refrigerating machine oil has a saturated moisture content of the refrigerating machine oil containing the acid scavenger. The amount is higher than the saturated water amount of the refrigerant.
  • the outdoor unit includes an outdoor unit and an indoor unit
  • the outdoor unit includes a refrigeration system in which an electric compressor, a four-way valve, an expansion unit, and an outdoor heat exchanger are connected by piping.
  • the electric compressor includes a closed container, a compression mechanism unit housed in the closed container, which compresses a refrigerant, an electric motor that drives the compression mechanism unit via a shaft, and a shaft supporting the shaft.
  • the refrigerant is trifluoroiodomethane (CF3I) alone or the trifluoroiodomethane (CF3I) and another refrigerant
  • An acid scavenger is compounded in the refrigerating machine oil, and the refrigerating machine oil has a saturated moisture content of the refrigerating machine oil containing the acid scavenger, which is higher than a saturated moisture content of the refrigerant. Expensive It lies in using.
  • FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a configuration of an air conditioner (refrigeration / air-conditioning apparatus) according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a configuration explanatory diagram of a refrigeration / freezing showcase (refrigeration air conditioner) according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a longitudinal section of an electric compressor concerning an example of the present invention.
  • the electric compressor of this embodiment is characterized in that trifluoroiodomethane (CF 3 I) alone or a mixed refrigerant containing trifluoroiodomethane (CF 3 I) and another refrigerant is used as the refrigerant.
  • trifluoroiodomethane (CF 3 I) is mixed with one or two or more refrigerants in a group of hydrogen fluoride-based refrigerants.
  • a polyol ester oil or a polyvinyl ether oil is used as the refrigerating machine oil.
  • FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a configuration of an air conditioner 50A as a refrigeration air conditioner.
  • the air conditioner 50A includes an outdoor unit 1 and an indoor unit 2.
  • the outdoor unit 1 includes an electric compressor 3, a four-way valve 4, expansion means 6 (expansion section), an outdoor heat exchanger 5, and an accumulator 8 connected by predetermined pipes.
  • the electric compressor 3 includes a refrigerant compression mechanism 33 (see FIG. 3) having a sliding portion driven by the electric motor 24 (see FIG. 3), as described in detail later.
  • the indoor unit 2 includes the indoor heat exchanger 7 and the once-through fan 7a.
  • the air conditioner 50A performs a cooling operation in which the indoor heat exchanger 7 is used as an evaporator and the outdoor heat exchanger 5 is used as a condenser by switching the four-way valve 4, and the indoor heat exchanger 7 is used as a condenser and outdoor heat exchange. It is a heat pump type that performs a heating operation using the heater 5 as an evaporator.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant compressed by the electric compressor 3 flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 5 through the four-way valve 4, and is generated by the axial fan 5a.
  • the heat is exchanged with the air flow to release heat and condense.
  • the refrigerant undergoes isenthalpy expansion by the expansion means 6 and flows into the indoor heat exchanger 7 as a gas-liquid two-phase flow in which a gas refrigerant and a liquid refrigerant are mixed at a low temperature and a low pressure.
  • the air flow generated by the once-through fan 7a exchanges heat with the liquid refrigerant flowing through the indoor heat exchanger 7.
  • the liquid refrigerant in the indoor heat exchanger 7 is vaporized into a gas refrigerant by an endothermic effect from air. That is, when the liquid refrigerant evaporates, the indoor heat exchanger 7 cools the surrounding air, so that the air conditioner 50A exhibits a cooling function.
  • the refrigerant in a low-temperature gas state that has exited the indoor heat exchanger 7 passes through the four-way valve 4 and enters the accumulator 8.
  • the low-temperature and low-pressure liquid refrigerant that could not be evaporated in the indoor heat exchanger 7 is separated in the accumulator 8, and the low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant returns to the electric compressor 3.
  • the refrigerant is compressed again to a high temperature and a high pressure by the electric compressor 3, and circulates through the four-way valve 4, the outdoor heat exchanger 5, the expansion means 6, and the indoor heat exchanger 7. That is, a refrigerating cycle is configured by repeating this circulation.
  • FIG. 2 is a configuration explanatory view of a refrigerated / frozen showcase 50B according to the embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2, the refrigerated / refrigerated showcase 50B includes an outdoor unit 9 and a cooler unit 10.
  • the outdoor unit 9 is configured by connecting the electric compressor 3, the condenser 12, the subcooler 13, the expansion means 14, 17 (expansion part), and the accumulator 16 by predetermined pipes.
  • the electric compressor 3 includes a refrigerant compression mechanism 33 (see FIG. 3) having a sliding portion driven by the electric motor 24 (see FIG. 3), as described in detail later.
  • the cooler unit 10 includes an evaporator 15 and a once-through fan 15a.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas adiabatically compressed by the electric compressor 3 is sent out to the condenser 12 through the discharge pipe 28 (see FIG. 3), and is sent to the axial fan 12a.
  • the heat is exchanged with the generated air flow to release heat and condense.
  • the refrigerant that has been condensed in the condenser 12 to become a high-pressure liquid is sent to the supercooler 13 and is supercooled.
  • the supercooled refrigerant sent from the supercooler 13 is expanded by expansion means 14 (for example, a temperature-type expansion valve) and is sent to the evaporator 15 of the cooler unit 10 as a low-temperature low-pressure liquid containing a slight amount of gas. It is.
  • the refrigerant in the evaporator 15 is vaporized into a gas refrigerant by an endothermic effect from air. That is, when the liquid refrigerant evaporates, the evaporator 15 cools the surrounding air, so that the refrigeration / refrigeration showcase 50B exhibits a refrigeration / refrigeration function.
  • the refrigerant that has absorbed heat from the air in the evaporator 15 enters the accumulator 16 in the state of a low-temperature gas.
  • the low-temperature and low-pressure liquid refrigerant that cannot be evaporated by the evaporator 15 is separated in the accumulator 16, and the low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant returns to the electric compressor 3. Thereafter, the refrigerant is compressed again to a high temperature and a high pressure by the electric compressor 3 and circulates through the condenser 12, the subcooler 13, the expansion means 14, and the evaporator 15. That is, a refrigerating cycle is configured by repeating this circulation.
  • the electric compressor 3 used in the refrigeration / freezing showcase 50B of the present embodiment has a high refrigerant compression ratio of about 10 to 20, and the refrigerant gas is likely to become high in temperature.
  • a pipe extending from the condenser 12 to the supercooler 13 is branched, and an expansion means 17 (for example, a capillary tube or the like) is arranged in one of the branched pipes.
  • the high-pressure liquid refrigerant in the main system is further cooled by the supercooler 13 by obtaining the low-temperature low-pressure liquid containing the refrigerant gas by the expansion means 17.
  • the refrigerant cooled by the supercooler 13 is returned to the electric compressor 3, thereby lowering the temperature of the sucked refrigerant and lowering the discharge temperature.
  • FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the electric compressor 3 of the present embodiment.
  • the electric compressor 3 includes a hermetic container 25, a compression mechanism 33, and an electric motor 24 as main components.
  • the compression mechanism 33 and the electric motor 24 are housed in the closed space of the closed container 25. Further, a refrigerator oil 29 (hereinafter, the reference numeral of the refrigerator oil is omitted) is stored in a bottom portion of the closed container 25 in detail, which will be described later.
  • the compression mechanism 33 compresses a refrigerant gas, which will be described in detail later, and discharges the compressed gas into the closed container 25, and is disposed at an upper portion in the closed container 25.
  • the compression mechanism unit 33 includes the fixed scroll member 19, the orbiting scroll member 21, the frame 22, and the Oldham ring 38 as main components.
  • the fixed scroll member 19 has the spiral wrap 18 on the end plate and is bolted on the frame 22.
  • the orbiting scroll member 21 has a spiral wrap 20 on the end plate that meshes with the spiral wrap 18 of the fixed scroll member 19.
  • a compression chamber 26 is formed by the spiral wraps 18 and 20 meshing with each other.
  • the orbiting scroll member 21 and the fixed scroll member 19 in this embodiment are formed of an aluminum alloy.
  • a suction port 35 communicating with a suction pipe 37 is provided at a peripheral portion of the fixed scroll member 19, and a discharge port 27 is provided at a center portion.
  • the discharge port 27 communicates with a space above the compression mechanism 33 in the closed container 25.
  • a boss into which the orbiting bearing is incorporated is provided on the side of the orbiting scroll member 21 opposite to the fixed scroll member 19.
  • An eccentric pin portion 39 for eccentrically driving the orbiting scroll member 21 is fitted into the orbit bearing.
  • the Oldham ring 38 constitutes a rotation restricting mechanism of the orbiting scroll member 21.
  • the Oldham ring 38 is provided between the orbiting scroll member 21 and the frame 22 to prevent the orbiting scroll member 21 from revolving and perform a circular orbital motion.
  • the frame 22 in the present embodiment is fixed to the closed container 25 by welding.
  • the frame 22 supports the fixed scroll member 19, the Oldham ring 38, and the orbiting scroll member 21.
  • a cylindrical portion projecting downward is provided at the center of the frame 22, a cylindrical portion projecting downward is provided.
  • a main bearing 31 that supports the crankshaft 23 (shaft) is provided in the cylindrical portion.
  • a plurality of discharge gas passages (not shown) communicating between the upper space of the fixed scroll member 19 and the lower space of the frame 22 are formed in the outer peripheral portions of the fixed scroll member 19 and the frame 22.
  • the electric motor 24 includes a rotor 24a, a stator 24b, a crankshaft 23, and a balance weight 24c as main components, and drives the compression mechanism 33.
  • the driving force of the electric motor is transmitted to the compression mechanism 33 via the crankshaft 23 (shaft).
  • the stator 24b includes, as main components, a coil having a plurality of conductors for generating a rotating magnetic field by flowing a current, and an iron core for efficiently transmitting the rotating magnetic field.
  • a large number of notches are formed on the outer circumference of the stator 24b over the entire circumference, and a discharge gas passage is formed between the notch and the sealed container 25.
  • the crankshaft 23 is fitted into a central hole of the rotor 24a and is integrated with the rotor 24a.
  • One side (upper side in the illustrated example) of the crankshaft 23 protrudes from the rotor 24a and is engaged with the compression mechanism 33, and an eccentric force is applied by the compression operation of the compression mechanism 33.
  • both sides of the crankshaft 23 protrude from both sides of the rotor 24a, and the crankshaft 23 is supported by two main bearings 31 and 32 on both sides of the rotor 24a to rotate stably. be able to.
  • the main bearing 31 and the sub-bearing 32 in this embodiment are formed of rolling bearings.
  • the configurations of the main bearing 31 and the sub bearing 32 will be described later.
  • crankshaft 23 extends to the refrigerator oil sump at the bottom of the closed vessel 25. Due to the pressure difference, the refrigerating machine oil passes through an oil hole 30 provided in the crankshaft 23, to the sliding portion between the orbiting scroll member 21 and the crankshaft 23, to the main bearing 31, the sub-bearing 32 and the like, which are rolling bearings. Supplied.
  • the electric motor 24 is energized and the rotor 24a rotates.
  • the rotor 24a rotates at a constant speed or at a rotation speed according to a voltage controlled by an inverter (not shown).
  • the crankshaft 23 rotates in synchronization with the rotation of the rotor 24a, the orbiting scroll member 21 is eccentrically driven as described above.
  • the compression chamber 26 formed between the fixed scroll member 19 and the orbiting scroll member 21 reduces the volume while moving from the outer peripheral side to the center. The refrigerant gas sucked through the suction pipe 37 and the suction port 35 is compressed in the compression chamber 26.
  • the compressed refrigerant gas is discharged from the discharge port 27 at the center of the fixed scroll member 19 to an upper space (discharge pressure space) in the closed vessel 25, and then discharged out of the closed vessel 25 through the discharge pipe 28.
  • refrigerant a mixed refrigerant containing trifluoroiodomethane and another refrigerant may be used.
  • Other refrigerants include CO2, hydrocarbons, ethers, fluoroethers, fluoroalkenes, HFC, HFO, HClFO, HClFO, HBrFO, and the like. “HFC” indicates hydrofluorocarbon.
  • HFO is a hydrofluoroolefin composed of a carbon atom, a fluorine atom, and a hydrogen atom, and has at least one carbon-carbon double bond.
  • HClFO consists of carbon, chlorine, fluorine and hydrogen atoms and has at least one carbon-carbon double bond.
  • HBrFO consists of carbon, bromine, fluorine and hydrogen atoms and has at least one carbon-carbon double bond.
  • HFC difluoromethane
  • HFC125 pentafluoroethane
  • HFC134 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane
  • HFC134a 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane
  • HFC143a trifluoroethane
  • difluoroethane HFC152a
  • 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane HFC227ea
  • 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane HFC236fa
  • 1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane HFC245fa
  • HFC365mfc 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluorobutane
  • fluoroalkene examples include fluoroethene, fluoropropene, fluorobutene, chlorofluoroethene, chlorofluoropropene, and chlorofluorobutene.
  • fluoropropene examples include 3,3,3-trifluoropropene (HFO1243zf), 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (HFO1234ze), 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (HFO1234yf), and HFO1225. Is exemplified.
  • fluorobutene examples include C4H4F4, C4H3F5 (HFO1345), and C4H2F6 (HFO1336).
  • C2F3Cl is exemplified as chlorofluoroethene.
  • chlorofluoropropene examples include 2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoro-1-propene (HCFO1233xf) and 1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoro-1-propene (HCFO1233zd). .
  • Refrigerants trifluoroiodomethane, difluoromethane (HFC32), pentafluoroethane (HFC125), and hexafluoropropene as refrigerants to adjust Global Warming Potential (GWP), vapor pressure, and flame retardant parameters It is preferable to use one or more of (FO1216).
  • the refrigerant includes HFO1234yf, HFO1234ze, 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (HFC134a), HFO1123, etc. It is preferable to adjust the degree of the temperature gradient to be performed according to the mixed concentration.
  • the blending amount of trifluoroiodomethane in the mixed refrigerant is 10% or more and 100% or less, preferably 20% or more and 80% or less, more preferably 30% or more and 50% or less on a mass basis.
  • GWP uses the values of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report (AR4) (100 years).
  • the GWP of the refrigerant not described in AR4 may use the value of the IPCC Fifth Evaluation Report (AR5), may use the value described in another known document, or may use a known value. A value calculated or measured using the method may be used.
  • the GWP of trifluoroiodomethane is 0.4
  • the GWP of HFC32 is 675
  • the GWP of HFC125 is 3,500.
  • GWP of the refrigerant is 750 or less, preferably 500 or less, more preferably 150 or less, further preferably 100 or less, and particularly preferably 75 or less.
  • the vapor pressure of the refrigerant at 25 ° C is preferably in the range of 1.4 MPa to 1.8 MPa.
  • the flame retardancy parameter of the refrigerant represented by the formula (1) is preferably 0.46 or less.
  • Fmix ⁇ iFixi ... (1) Note that Fmix represents the flame retardancy parameter of the mixed refrigerant, Fi represents the flame retardancy parameter of each refrigerant component, and xi represents the mole fraction of each refrigerant component.
  • a polyol ester oil or a polyvinyl ether oil having a kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. of 30 to 100 mm 2 / s is preferable.
  • the kinematic viscosity is measured based on standards such as ISO (International Organization for Standardization), ASTM (American Society for Testing for Materials and Materials, American Society for Testing and Materials) D445 and D7042.
  • the low-temperature critical melting temperature of the refrigerant and the refrigerating machine oil is preferably + 10 ° C. or lower.
  • Examples of the refrigerating machine oil having the above characteristics include polyol ester oils represented by chemical formulas (1) and (2) and polyvinyl ether oils represented by chemical formula (3).
  • R1 to R10 represent an alkyl group having 4 to 9 carbon atoms, which may be the same or different.
  • OR11 is a methyloxy group, an ethyloxy group, a propyloxy group or a butyloxy group, and n is 5 to 15.
  • Refrigerator oil contains additives such as acid scavengers, antioxidants, extreme pressure agents, oil agents, metal deactivators, ultraviolet absorbers and defoamers.
  • the acid scavenger reacts with acidic compounds (for example, fatty acids) and water present in the refrigerating machine oil to trap them.
  • the antioxidant prevents freezer oil from being oxidized by reacting with free radicals and peroxides to convert it into a stable substance, and suppresses the formation of varnish and sludge resulting from the oxidation of the freezer oil.
  • the extreme pressure agent prevents seizure in an extreme pressure lubrication state and scuffing (scratch appearing on a sliding surface).
  • the oil agent forms an oil film on the friction surface under a low load, and reduces friction and wear.
  • the metal deactivator renders the metal surface inert so that it does not act as a catalyst in the oxidation of the oil.
  • UV absorbers absorb ultraviolet light in sunlight and fluorescent light, convert ultraviolet light into heat energy or emit longer light waves without destroying them, thereby protecting the substance added with the ultraviolet absorber and protecting it from ultraviolet light. Avoid damage.
  • the defoamer suppresses the foaming of the lubricating oil and destroys the generated foam.
  • trifluoroiodomethane (CF 3 I) alone or a mixed refrigerant containing trifluoroiodomethane (CF 3 I) and another refrigerant is used as the refrigerant.
  • trifluoroiodomethane (CF 3 I) is decomposed (hydrolyzed) by moisture, and the product generated by the decomposition degrades the refrigerating machine oil, and the sliding portion of the compressor Wear and the like may occur. Wear of the sliding parts shortens the life of the compressor. The means for solving this will be described below.
  • trifluoroiodomethane CF 3 I
  • an acid scavenger incorporated in a refrigerator oil
  • trifluoroiodomethane (CF 3 I) It is characterized by using a refrigerating machine oil having a saturated water content higher than the saturated water content.
  • a polyol ester oil or a polyvinyl ether oil compatible with trifluoroiodomethane (CF 3 I) is used as the refrigerator oil.
  • the value varies depending on the structure, viscosity grade and the like of the base oil.
  • the saturated water content in an environment at a temperature of 30 ° C. and a relative humidity of 85% is about 1800 ppm for polyol ester oil and about 8000 ppm for polyvinyl ether oil.
  • the saturated water content of trifluoroiodomethane (CF 3 I) is lower than 1800 ppm.
  • the polyol ester oil and the polyvinyl ether oil have high hygroscopicity with respect to trifluoroiodomethane (CF 3 I). Since an acid scavenger is blended in the polyol ester oil and the polyvinyl ether oil, moisture absorbed by the polyol ester oil and the polyvinyl ether oil can be efficiently trapped. In this embodiment, since the water is captured by the acid capturing agent, hydrolysis of trifluoroiodomethane (CF 3 I) can be suppressed, and as a result, deterioration of refrigerator oils such as polyol ester oil and polyvinyl ether oil can be suppressed. be able to.
  • CF 3 I trifluoroiodomethane
  • a method of adding an acid scavenger having an action of trapping an acid generated in the refrigerating machine oil is used.
  • the acid scavenger plays a role in reacting with acidic compounds (for example, fatty acids and the like) present in the refrigerator oil to trap them and reduce the influence of these compounds. Further, the acid scavenger reacts with water in addition to the acid, and an action of scavenging this can be expected.
  • the acid scavenger used in this example has a relative dielectric constant of 9 or less. Since the relative permittivity of R410A is about 9, the relative permittivity of the acid scavenger used in this embodiment is set to 9 or less which does not exceed the relative permittivity of R410A.
  • an alkyl glycidyl ester represented by the chemical formula (4), bis (3,4-epoxychlorohexyl) methyl carboxylate represented by the chemical formula (5), a fatiglycidyl ether represented by the chemical formula (6) as the acid scavenger, Bis (2,6-isopropylphenyl) carbodiimide represented by the chemical formula (7) is used.
  • the alkyl glycidyl ester represented by the chemical formula (4) has high reactivity with water and reacts at a low temperature, so that it reacts quickly with the water in the refrigeration cycle and can suppress hydrolysis of the refrigeration oil. That is, it is quick-acting and can reduce the initial moisture in the refrigeration cycle.
  • the alkyl glycidyl ester is fast-acting, the residual amount is rapidly reduced, and there is a possibility that the refrigerating machine oil may deteriorate after a long-term operation.
  • Bis (2,6-isopropylphenyl) carbodiimide represented by chemical formula (7) has high reactivity with water and reacts at low temperature, so it reacts quickly with water in the refrigeration cycle and suppresses hydrolysis of refrigerator oil. You can do it. That is, it is quick-acting and can reduce the initial moisture in the refrigeration cycle.
  • bis (2,6-isopropylphenyl) carbodiimide has a rapid effect, so that the remaining amount thereof is rapidly reduced, and there is a possibility that the refrigerating machine oil may deteriorate after a long-term operation.
  • a polyol ester oil and a polyvinyl ether oil which are refrigerator oils, alkyl glycidyl ester, bis (3,4-epoxychlorohexyl) methyl carboxylate, fatiglycidyl ether, bis (2,6 -Isopropylphenyl) carbodiimide.
  • a plurality of acid scavengers may be mixed.
  • alkyl glycidyl ester, bis (3,4-epoxychlorohexyl) methyl carboxylate, faty glycidyl ether, and bis (2,6-isopropylphenyl) carbodiimide have a fast-acting effect in capturing water. It has properties such as delayed action. Taking advantage of this property, it is preferable to use a mixture of a fast-acting acid scavenger and a slow-acting acid scavenger.
  • an alkyl glycidyl ester is mixed with bis (3,4-epoxychlorohexyl) methyl carboxylate.
  • Alkyl glycidyl esters which are fast-acting can reduce the initial moisture content during the refrigeration cycle, but the amount of the residual water drops quickly, and there is a possibility that the refrigeration oil will deteriorate after long-term operation.
  • a slow-acting bis (3,4-epoxychlorohexyl) methyl carboxylate is used.
  • Bis (3,4-epoxychlorohexyl) methyl carboxylate reacts slowly with water in the refrigeration cycle and can reduce the water in the refrigeration cycle over a long period of time.
  • an acid scavenger having such properties as fast-acting and slow-acting properties, the disadvantages can be compensated for and the water content in the refrigeration cycle can be reduced over a long period from the beginning.
  • a fast-acting acid scavenger and a slow-acting acid scavenger As a combination of a fast-acting acid scavenger and a slow-acting acid scavenger, a mixture of a fast-acting bis (2,6-isopropylphenyl) carbodiimide and a slow-acting fatiglycidyl ether may be used. . ⁇ Viscosity of refrigerating machine oil> In this embodiment, when using a polyvinyl ether oil or a polyol ester oil as the refrigerator oil, use a polyvinyl ether oil of VG10 to VG460 or a polyol ester oil as the viscosity grade.
  • the mass percent concentration of the acid scavenger to be added to the polyvinyl ether oil or the polyol ester oil is 10% or less of the value of the viscosity grade of the polyvinyl ether oil or the polyol ester oil.
  • the concentration of the acid scavenger is set to 10% or less of the value of the viscosity grade of the polyvinyl ether oil or the polyol ester oil, thereby lowering the viscosity grade of the selected polyvinyl ether oil or the polyol ester oil. Or increase can be suppressed.
  • an antioxidant an extreme pressure agent, an oil agent, a metal deactivator, an ultraviolet absorber, an antifoaming agent and an acid scavenger are blended with a polyvinyl ether oil or a polyol ester oil.
  • the total of the mass percent concentrations to be blended is 10% or less of the value of the viscosity grade of the polyvinyl ether oil or polyol ester oil.
  • the total concentration of at least one of the antioxidant, extreme pressure agent, oil agent, metal deactivator, ultraviolet absorber, antifoaming agent and acid scavenger is polyvinyl ether oil, or By setting the viscosity grade of the polyol ester oil to 10% or less, a decrease or an increase in the viscosity grade of the selected polyvinyl ether oil or polyol ester oil can be suppressed.
  • an electric compressor that uses trifluoroiodomethane (CF 3 I) as a refrigerant and suppresses deterioration of refrigeration oil and a refrigeration / air-conditioning apparatus using the same are provided. be able to.
  • CF 3 I trifluoroiodomethane

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
  • Applications Or Details Of Rotary Compressors (AREA)
  • Compressor (AREA)

Abstract

Le but de la présente invention est de supprimer la dégradation d'une huile de réfrigérateur lors de l'utilisation de trifluoroiodométhane (CF3I) en tant que fluide frigorigène. Ce compresseur électrique 3 est pourvu d'une partie de mécanisme de compression 33 pour comprimer un fluide frigorigène; d'un moteur électrique 24 qui entraîne la partie de mécanisme de compression 33 par l'intermédiaire d'un vilebrequin 23; et d'un palier principal 31 et d'un sous-palier 32 qui supportent de façon pivotante le vilebrequin 23. Une huile de réfrigérateur 29 est stockée dans la partie inférieure d'un récipient étanche 25. Le trifluoroiodométhane (CF3I) par lui-même, ou un mélange de fluide frigorigène de trifluoroiodométhane (CF3I) et d'un autre fluide frigorigène est utilisé en tant que fluide frigorigène. L'huile de réfrigérateur 29 est mélangée avec un agent de capture d'acide. La teneur en humidité saturée de l'huile de réfrigérateur 29 mélangée avec l'agent de capture d'acide est supérieure à la teneur en humidité saturée du fluide frigorigène.
PCT/JP2019/032568 2018-09-06 2019-08-21 Compresseur électrique, dispositif de réfrigération et de climatisation l'utilisation WO2020050022A1 (fr)

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JP2018167196A JP2021191808A (ja) 2018-09-06 2018-09-06 電動圧縮機及びこれを用いた冷凍空調装置

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2024106516A1 (fr) * 2022-11-18 2024-05-23 Ｅｎｅｏｓ株式会社 Composition de fluide de travail, et machine frigorifique

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2008208262A (ja) * 2007-02-27 2008-09-11 Nippon Oil Corp 冷凍機油組成物および冷凍機用作動流体組成物
JP2011043276A (ja) * 2009-08-20 2011-03-03 Daikin Industries Ltd 冷凍装置
JP2018071512A (ja) * 2016-11-04 2018-05-10 日立ジョンソンコントロールズ空調株式会社 電動圧縮機及び冷凍空調装置

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2008208262A (ja) * 2007-02-27 2008-09-11 Nippon Oil Corp 冷凍機油組成物および冷凍機用作動流体組成物
JP2011043276A (ja) * 2009-08-20 2011-03-03 Daikin Industries Ltd 冷凍装置
JP2018071512A (ja) * 2016-11-04 2018-05-10 日立ジョンソンコントロールズ空調株式会社 電動圧縮機及び冷凍空調装置

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2024106516A1 (fr) * 2022-11-18 2024-05-23 Ｅｎｅｏｓ株式会社 Composition de fluide de travail, et machine frigorifique

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