WO2020046385A1 - A temperature stabilizing cargo compartment comprised of a plurality of layers - Google Patents

Abstract

A multi-layer container for use in various applications whereby a temperature stabilizing cargo compartment, ("TSCC"), including a freeze and heat barrier, a multi-layer insulative core, (hereinafter, "TemperaShield Multi-Core™, "), for transport container constructed with thermal resistant materials, including at least one antimicrobial layer, effective for temperature retention of a substance within a cavity enclosure made up of specific materials with certain properties depending on the utility of the container.

Description

A temperature stabilizing cargo compartment comprised of a plurality of layers

Description

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims the benefit of U.S. Patent 9,834,365 Pointer, et al. December 5, 2017 in its entirety.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to an improvement to our invention for a temperature stabilizing cargo compartment as described and included in its entirety by reference in U.S. Patent

9,834,365, manufactured from thermal resistant materials (TRM) including but not limited to vacuum insulated panels (VIP), Polyisocyanurate (also referred to as PIR), or other highly thermal resistant materials, or for a transport container that provides for the transport of various serums, samples, vaccines, and other non-specific perishables, products, or materials wherein it is important to maintain a consistent temperature environment for extended periods of time, wherein the internal air temperature maintains a constancy, or near constancy (depending on the frequency of opening and closing of the compartment itself) if temperatures within an acceptable range; specifically to keep the air cool without freezing the cargo, or keep the air warm without overheating the cargo, as prescribed by the intended use of the cargo packaged at the desired temperature into the temperature stabilizing cargo compartment, (or abbreviated as: "TSCC") of either a cold chain or warm chain container. The novel improvement refers to utilizing an insulative layer of open foam and crosslink foam, water sachets, alcohol sachets, potable alcohol sachets, high salinity fluid sachets, non-Newtonian materials or fluid sachets, carbon, silk, various metals and salts, antifreeze sachets, bamboo, and other suitable insulative materials. The heat-resistant material comprising the first and third layers is preferably selected from the group consisting of multi-layer core comprised of a void or pocket, or comprised of channels, for use in a vacuum insulation panel as well as an insulated container which utilizes a vacuum insulation panel containing the multi-layer core comprised of a void or pocket or comprised of channels. The insulated container may be used to ship: medication, alcoholic beverages, art, organs, samples, munitions, electronics, ice, biologies, medication, and food and other temperature sensitive items while maintaining their desired temperature.

For delivery of products, thermally insulated containers such as boxes and thermal bags are commonly used to keep items such as medications medication, and food warm or cold while they are transported from one place to another. Typically, these bags and boxes are formed from fabric or films which include a heat reflective material on their inner surfaces.

Vacuum insulation panels, and aerogel, or cryo-blanket, or other super insulative gas (VIPs), are known for use in insulating various containers where it is desirable to maintain the temperature of medication, and food and other items within desirable temperature limits during delivery. For example, Vacuum insulation panels, and aerogel, or cryo-blanket, or other super insulative gas have been used in shipping containers, coolers, and refrigerated cargo areas of vehicles such as trucks, trains, planes, etc. Vacuum insulation panels, and aerogel, or cryo-blanket, or other super insulative gas are also employed in the storage and transport of temperature-sensitive materials such as medicines, vaccines and the like. Such Vacuum insulation panels, and aerogel, or cryo- blanket, or other super insulative gas typically comprise a membrane or barrier film which forms the walls of the VIP and which keeps out gases and vapors; and a core material which provides physical support to the membrane or barrier film envelope and reduces heat transfer between the walls of the VIP and aerogel, or cryo-blanket, or other super insulative gas. Examples of such Vacuum insulation panels, and/ or aerogel, or cryo-blanket, or other super insulative gas are described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,950,450, 5,943,876 and 6,192,703, the disclosures of which are hereby incorporated by reference. Vacuum insulation panels, and/ or aerogel, or cryo-blanket, or other super insulative gas have typically been used in containers which include additional active or passive means of adding or removing heat energy, such as a refrigeration/heating unit and/or phase change material, which function to maintain the desired temperature. However, it would be desirable to be able to use Vacuum insulation panels, and aerogel, or cryo-blanket, or other super insulative gas, and other heat absorbing media such as water, alcohol, high salinity fluids, and even non-Newtonian materials in simpler forms of containers which do not require additional heating or cooling units, for the transportation of hot or colds medication, and foods. It would also be desirable to provide a vacuum insulation panel having a core which provides improved heat resistant properties. Typically, core materials used in Vacuum insulation panels, and/ or aerogel, or cryo-blanket, or other super insulative gas comprise microporous foams, silica powders, or variations thereof as described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,843,353, 4,636,415, and

6,132,837, the disclosures of which are hereby incorporated by reference. However, because the barrier film is thin, it provides no significant insulation barrier to applied heat other than radiant heat where the barrier film is metalized or contains a metal foil. As a result, temperatures are transferred almost directly to the surface of the core material within the barrier film skin. When some foams are used as the core material under high temperature conditions, the foam cores soften and collapse. One attempt to resolve this problem has involved placing a layer of exterior insulation on the panel to protect the core from brief transient exposure to high temperatures.

See, for example, U.S. Pat. No. 6,106,449 and U.S. Pat. No. 6,244,458. However, a problem still remains when one side of the foam core is exposed to slow transient temperatures or equilibrated exposure to changes in temperature which result in temperatures within the vacuum insulation panel that are too high for the foam core to maintain rigidity. While this problem can be mitigated by relatively thick applications of conventional insulation, the use of such insulation adds additional cost and negates the space savings provided by the use of Vacuum insulation panels, and aerogel, or cryo-blanket, or other super insulative gas.

While silica powder materials may be used in vacuum insulation panels, and/ or aerogel, or cryo- blanket, or other super insulative gas to provide heat resistance, they are difficult to use in panels having non-planar geometries. Even in silica powder products which contain fibers to help maintain their shape, it is difficult to maintain satisfactory dimensional tolerances in any shape other than flat panels because the silica powder core flows slightly, and even in flat panel form is easily deformed. Another heat resistant material is glass fiber matting; however, this material is more expensive than foams. Aerogel, or cryo-blanket, or other super insulative gas has proven to be the most effective insulative material since its invention decades ago, however, the high cost has prohibited extensive use of this use of this material in most cold chain applications.

Because containers are most often reusable a cross contamination becomes probable, thereby, an antimicrobial material or treatment thereof which can become a permanent part of the structure and is a novel and desirable as an improvement. There is still a need in the art for an improved

8 use in a vacuum insulation panel, and or aerogel, or cryo-blanket, or other super insulative gas, and or other heat resistant insulative material that exhibits improved heat resistant properties. There is also a need in the art for an improved insulated container that can be used for commercial and consumer applications.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention meets that need by providing a multi-layer core comprised of a void or pocket or comprised of channels for use in a vacuum insulation panel which provides heat resistant properties when exposed to slow transient heat or an equilibrated temperature drop. Vacuum insulation panels, and/ or aerogel, or cryo-blanket, or other super insulative gas including the multi-layer core comprised of a void or pocket or comprised of channels are lightweight and cost efficient to produce. The present invention also provides

an insulated container such as a bag or box which can be manufactured in various sizes and which contains in its walls Vacuum insulation panels, and/ or aerogel, or cryo-blanket, or other super insulative gas utilizing the multi-layer core comprised of a void or pocket or comprised of channels. The Vacuum insulation panels, and/ or aerogel, or cryo-blanket, or other super insulative gas can be used to increase the heat or cold retention of items contained in

the container. The container may optionally include a heating or cooling unit to help maintain the desired temperature of the items.

In accordance with one aspect of the present invention, a multi-layer core comprised of a void or pocket, or comprised of channels, for use in a container with utility that can be used as a cold chain container with a TSCC for both cold and warm applications, that also provides a freeze barrier to prevent freezing any portion of the cargo, thereby eliminating unnecessary waste due to damage from extreme temperature variations. In one embodiment of the invention this is achieved by means of infusing at least one layer of the overall structure of the container with VIP, aerogel, or cryo-blanket, or other super insulative gas, open foam and crosslink foam, water sachets, alcohol sachets, potable alcohol sachets, high salinity fluid sachets, non- Newtonian materials or fluid sachets, carbon, silk, various metals and salts, antifreeze sachets, bamboo, glass fibers, TemperaShield Multi -Core™, , and other suitable insulative materials. In another embodiment it is preferred that at least one layer comprises a moisture resistant polymer, that has been imbued with antimicrobial properties by way of exposing the polymer to a sulfonation process as described and included in its entirety by reference in U.S. Patent 9,834,365, and at least another layer comprised of a foam core, and lies between a first and third layer. The foam core is preferably comprised of TemperaShield Multi-Core™, VIP, aerogel, or cryo-blanket, or other super insulative gas, open foam and crosslink foam, water sachets, alcohol sachets, potable alcohol sachets, high salinity fluid sachets, non-Newtonian materials or fluid sachets, carbon, silk, various metals and salts, antifreeze sachets, bamboo, glass fibers, and other suitable insulative materials. The heat-resistant material comprising the first and third layers is preferably selected from the group consisting of a microporous open cell silica aerogel, or cryo- blanket, or other super insulative gas, precipitated silica, fumed silica, glass fiber mats, ceramic fiber mats, and a heat resistant open-cell foam.

One embodiment of the invention is to transform at least one surface of the container’s material into an antimicrobial surface by means of sulfonation described as surface modification using a Molecular Metamorphosis Technology (MMT) as described and included in its entirety by reference in U.S. Patent 9,834,365. Often the TSCC can be used to transport samples and specimens, and because the container is often in an area where there is a high concentration of contagions, with limited hygienic solutions, one embodiment of the TSCC disclosed herein, is to provide a surface modified material for the interior surface wall and or other surfaces of said TSCC or the entire transport container, thereby conveying certain properties to the material from which the surface is manufactured. This can be done by several means, however for this embodiment a compound of pretreated plastics. Said composite is exposed in finely granulated form to a surface modifying gas such as sulfur trioxide, or fluorine gas, or other gases, and then exposing the now modified material to an antimicrobial agent such as silver, copper, iodine, zinc, and other chemicals that can now become part of the matrix that the composite material is made from. Another way to gain antimicrobial properties is to treat the entire sheet-stock from which the TSCC is constructed, or the completed, manufactured TSCC to the antimicrobial surface modification treatment described herein.

Differentiation of antimicrobial "-cidal" or "-static" activity, the definitions which describe the degree of efficacy, and the official laboratory protocols for measuring this efficacy are considerations for understanding the relevance of antimicrobial agents and compositions.

Antimicrobial compositions can affect two kinds of microbial cell damage. The first is a lethal, irreversible action resulting in complete microbial cell destruction or incapacitation. The second type of cell damage is reversible, such that if the organism is rendered free of the agent, it can again multiply. The former is termed bacteriocidal and the later, bacteriostatic. A sanitizer and a disinfectant are, by definition, agents which provide antibacterial or bacteriocidal activity. In contrast, a preservative is generally described as an inhibitor or bacteriostatic composition.

For the purpose of this patent application, successful reduction of microorganisms is achieved when the populations of microorganisms are reduced by at least about 0.3 log. sub.10., for example at least about 0.3-1 log. sub.10. In this application, such a population reduction is the minimum acceptable for the processes. Any increased reduction in population of microorganisms is an added benefit that provides higher levels of protection. For example, a 3 log or greater reduction is characteristic of a hard surface sanitizer. For example, a 5 log or greater reduction is characteristic of a food contact sanitizer.

The multi-layer core comprised of a void or pocket or comprised of channels may be used in a vacuum insulation panel formed by enclosing the multi-layer core comprised of a void or pocket, or comprised of channels, within a flexible envelope followed by evacuation and sealing. The resulting vacuum insulation panel preferably has an R value per inch of between about 10 and 60 (units of (ft. ²/hr./° F.)/(Btu-in.)). The insulated vacuum panel may then be incorporated in an insulated container for maintaining the temperature of temperature sensitive items such as medication, and food.

The exterior and interior walls forming the pocket (with the TemperaShield Multi-Core™, inserted therein) are preferably sealed. The walls may be sealed so as to permanently enclose the panels or they may incorporate zippers or other means to allow for removal or replacement of the panel. As described and included in its entirety by reference in U.S. Patent 9, 834, 365, container forming a temperature stabilizing cargo compartment manufactured from thermal resistant materials (TRM) including but not limited to vacuum insulated panels (VIP), Polyisocyanurate (also referred to as PIR), or other highly thermal resistant materials, or for a transport container that provides for the transport of various serums, samples, vaccines, and other non-specific perishables, including food stuffs, various other temperature sensitive products, or materials wherein it is important to maintain a consistent temperature environment for extended periods of time, wherein the internal air temperature maintains a constancy, or near constancy (depending on the frequency of opening and closing of the compartment itself) if temperatures within an acceptable range; specifically to keep the air cool without freezing the cargo, or keep the air warm without overheating the cargo, as prescribed by the intended use of the cargo packaged at the desired temperature into the temperature stabilizing cargo compartment, (or abbreviated as: "TSCC") of either a cold chain or warm chain container.

One embodiment described herein, allows an exception to the freeze barrier requirement of the temperature stabilizing cargo compartment, when the desired result is to keep an already frozen cargo frozen. This exception applies in the instance where the cargo is already frozen and the requirement is to prevent the air temperature inside of the TSCC from rising above 0 degree. C. In this embodiment the TRM serves as a heat barrier only.

In another embodiment of the invention, the insulated container includes a shelf assembly therein comprising at least one shelf for storage of multiple items. For example, the container may be configured to hold one or more pizza boxes. The container can also be configured, for example, to transport both hot and cold materials or foods, but especially beneficial for transporting perishable items in different compartments of the same container. Straps or handles may be affixed to the side, bottom, tops or ends of the container to aid in carrying the container during transport and delivery.

In one embodiment of this invention, as described and included in its entirety by reference in U.S. Patent 9,834,365, the TSCC is inserted into various existing transport containers, and is not in any way limited to any size or shape or specific material as part of the construction thereof. The TSCC disclosed herein in a preferred embodiment is applied to a hand-held transport container but is not limited to such. The same invention is embodied in applications that include but are not limited to smaller shipping or hand-held containers, packaging for shipping, hand- held personal containers like cups or lunch bags, delivery containers such as shipping boxes or pizza delivery boxes or bags, or larger, truck size containers or shipping containers are not excluded, and shall apply to any enclosure to the cargo compartment of any transport container as described herein.

The insulated container may be used to store and/or transport items at a wide variety of temperatures. The container may be used to store temperature sensitive items at a temperature range of from about -500° C. to -500° C.

If desired, the container may include a heating or cooling source along with various insulating materials in order to aid in retaining the temperature of items in the container if so desired for added security of the cargo. The optional heating or cooling source preferably comprises a disc containing a preconditioned phase change material including ice made from water, gel packs, salt hydrates, paraffins, and bio-based PCMs including but not limited to vegetable oil packs, and specific TemperaShield Bio-based PCM™ comprised of vegetable based oils, but may comprise any source capable of providing heat or cold to items stored in the container. For example, one wall of the container may include a pocket containing a vacuum insulation panel or even salinized water therein and another wall may include a pocket containing a heating or cooling source therein.

The container of the present invention may be used for commercial as well as consumer applications. Commercial applications include hot or cold medication, and food transport such as vaccines, temperature sensitive medications, electronics, munitions, unstable isotopes, perishable foods such as meals to homes, institutions, job sites, and public events where it is necessary to maintain constant temperature control of medication, and foods. The container could also be used to carry fresh fruits, vegetables, flowers, and meats in airline cargo holds.

The container may also be used to transport temperature sensitive products for the health industry, such as test specimens, blood, organs, or tissue. Accordingly, it is a feature of the present invention to provide multi-layer core comprised of a void or pocket, or comprised of channels, insulative layer to prevent heat transfer by means of a variety of highly insulative TRMs to a container utilizing such a multicore container for transporting temperature sensitive items that retains the temperature of the items during transport, as well as adjust to prescribed rapid changes required for certain utility of the container for specific cargo such as food stuffs, dairy products, meats, chocolates, wine, etc.

In accordance with another embodiment of the invention, an insulated container is provided comprising first, second, third and fourth sidewalls, a bottom wall, and a top wall, wherein at least one of the walls includes an exterior wall and an interior wall which form a cavity adapted to receive or be molded around a VIP or other described insulative material therein which includes a multi-layer core comprised of a void or pocket, or comprised of channels, as described above. In one preferred embodiment, each of the walls includes a pocket formed by the exterior and interior walls which includes a vacuum insulation panel.

In another embodiment of the present invention a multi-layer core comprised of a void or pocket, or comprised of channels, for use in a container with utility that can be used as a cold chain container with a TSCC for both cold and warm applications, that also provides a freeze barrier to prevent freezing any portion of the cargo, and pertains to an encasement for a battery, such as those commonly employed in motor vehicles, electric vehicles, and can be used to store said battery in a storage facility, or within the battery compartment of a vehicle, or comprises the battery case itself. Typically, the amount of power a battery can produce is negatively influenced by the cold. At 0° F (-l7.8°C.), a normal battery will deliver only about 40 percent of the power it would at 80° F. (26.7° C.). This reduced performance is not permanent and may be reversible. If a battery is not fully charged, however, the electrolyte can freeze and damage the plates or crack the container. Batteries at usable charge states will not freeze at temperatures above -20°F. A system for providing a multi-core insulated enclosure for batteries will allow for improved performance.

In one embodiment of the present invention, a battery case or enclose embodiment, whereas an insulation system is comprised of a multi-layer core comprised of a polymer that is acid and base resistant, (including battery acid), puncture resistant, heat resistant, (-40°C.-l00°C.), oil and gasoline resistant, and anti-static. In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, said polymer can be subjected to a surface modification treatment from a fuming gas such as sulfur trioxide for a specific time frame before the article is molded, thereby, rendering the polymer anti-static and useful in manufacturing a battery encasement, or phone case, or other electronic case that may be sensitive to static discharge.

This novel embodiment of the invention relates to wireless devices (which encompasses cell phones, wireless tablets and/or laptop computers) and particularly to a shielding case, which substantially eliminates the effects of extreme temperature on the electronics and battery.

In one embodiment of the present invention, TemperaShield Multi-Core™, is molded between multiple layers of polymer, or can be inserted in a void provided for said TemperaShield Multi - Core™ within the wall of the container that has the utility of providing a battery encasement to prevent a battery from becoming too cold or too hot to work thereby impeding its efficiency.

The case material can comprise of a sandwiched type construction whereby at least one wall is comprised of layers of a polymer over an insulative material such as aerogel, aerogel in the form of a blanket, TemperaShield Multi -Core™, VIP, fiberglass and other insulative materials described herein.

Cold weather presents two main challenges for electric vehicles: cold air limits battery performance, and running the heater drains the battery. As temperatures go below freezing, some drivers accustomed to traveling 250 miles on a single charge have seen their car’s range drops to 180 miles. Drivers in extreme climates might see the range decrease even more. That might force drivers to choose cars with bigger batteries than they would need in the summer, adding $10,000 or more to the cost of the cars. There are some measures drivers can take to improve an EV’s range. But with existing batteries and heaters, some loss of range is inevitable.

In one embodiment of the invention, the aerogel material used for the case is in blanket form which when sandwiched between at least two ridged layers can stand handling and vibration with minimized degradation. Hard points, locations where bolts pass through the blanket or where the battery rests, can be made of a dense (or densified) fiber reinforced aerogel composite material, suitable for withstanding compressive loads. Optionally this composite may be also pre-shaped. This composite material, while being an excellent insulator, can stand significant static load without failure. Warming of the battery occurs through use and can last for extended periods of time, from 24 hours to more than 2-weeks. The TemperaShield Multi-Core™ can be bonded onto the inner surface of the enclosure as needed.

Currently EVs employ heaters to reduce the impact of cold temperatures on the performance range, which can be impacted significantly. A vehicle with a range of 250 miles can be typically reduced to 180 miles in cold weather. A cell phone can lose its battery charge within minutes in very cold weather, while a freeze protection layer incorporated into the phone case, or battery case could significantly improve the efficiency of a battery.

As all drivers in cold countries know, a warm battery cranks the car engine better than a cold one. Cold temperature increases the internal resistance and lowers the capacity. A battery that provides 100 percent capacity at 27°C (80°F) will typically deliver only 50 percent at -l8°C (0°F). The momentary capacity-decrease differs with battery chemistry.

The dry solid polymer battery requires a temperature of 60-l00°C (l40-2l2°F) to promote ion flow and become conductive. This type of battery has found a niche market for stationary power applications in hot climates where heat serves as a catalyst rather than a disadvantage. Built-in heating elements keep the battery operational at all times. High battery cost and safety concerns have limited the application of this system. The more common lithium-polymer uses gelled electrolyte to enhance conductivity.

All batteries achieve optimum service life if used at 20°C (68°F) or slightly below. If, for example, a battery operates at 30°C (86°F) instead of a more moderate lower room temperature, the cycle life is reduced by 20 percent. At 40°C (l04°F), the loss jumps to a whopping 40 percent, and if charged and discharged at 45°C (1 l3°F), the cycle life is only half of what can be expected if used at 20°C (68°F). Therein the need for a temperature stabilizing enclosure can satisfy the need to prevent overheating of a battery as well as freezing of a battery. The performance of all batteries drops drastically at low temperatures; however, the elevated internal resistance will cause some warming effect by efficiency loss caused by voltage drop when applying a load current. At -20°C (-4°F) most batteries are at about 50 percent

performance level. Although NiCd can go down to -40°C (-40°F), the permissible discharge is only 0.2C (5-hour rate). Specialty Li-ion can operate to a temperature of-40°C but only at a reduced discharge rate; charging at this temperature is out of the question. With lead acid there is the danger of the electrolyte freezing, which can crack the enclosure. Lead acid freezes quicker with a low charge when the specific gravity is more like water than when fully charged.

Matched cells with identical capacities play an important role when discharging at low temperature and under heavy load. Since the cells in a battery pack can never be perfectly matched, a negative voltage potential can occur across a weaker cell in a multi-cell pack if the discharge is allowed to continue beyond a safe cut-off point. Known as cell reversal, the weak cell gets stressed to the point of developing a permanent electrical short. The larger the cell- count, the greater is the likelihood of cell-reversal under load. Over-discharge at a low

temperature and heavy load is a large contributor to battery failure of cordless power tools.

The driving range of an EV between charges is calculated at ambient temperature. EV drivers are being made aware that frigid temperature reduces the available mileage. This loss is not only caused by heating the cabin electrically but by the inherent slowing of the battery’s

electrochemical reaction, which reduces the capacity while cold. Because a typical will draw lkW continuously for 1 hour, approximately the same amount of energy as what it takes to travel 6.5km/4 miles, equating to 4 miles of range lost per hour on the road; hence one reason why the batteries are so large. The AC draws pretty much the same amount of energy when it's really hot. A need emerges to stabilize the battery temperature to hedge against the range lost due to temperature conditions.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention a composite material can be used for molding the multi-layer walls of a container. The composite material is comprised of a polymer supplemented with a blowing agent combined with aerogel powder and compounded together to form a homogenous composite with enhanced thermal properties. The composite is 70-90% air encapsulated in a polymer enhancing the R value of said composite that is then injection molded, or powder impression molded into the required shape for the container with the insulation properties of the aerogel powder being activated by heat and pressure during the molding process.

In this embodiment the material for the composite is bonded to the aerogel particulates via a molecular modification technology (“MMT”) whereby the constituents of the composite are exposed to a fuming sulfonated gas (“S03”) in a fluidized bed wherein the micro particle as well as the larger polymer particles and foaming agent particles are bonded together by attraction of the carbon molecules to the sulfur molecules, thereby creating a novel material composition with the attributes of all of the constituents of the material, not as a coating as is stated in prior art for aerogel/polymer composites, but as a bonded molecular substitution of atomic properties that create a permanent bond of the materials into one material composition hereinafter identified as “TemperaShield Aerogel”.

A product made with the MMT process comprised of TemperaShield Aerogel™ can be adjusted to receive certain other properties such as anti-static, hydrophobic, metalized, antimicrobial, and even able to permanently absorb certain colors or luminescent materials by way of sulfanation and further immersion or proximity exposure to certain materials that have known characteristics that are desirable for the utility of the product, however, it is stress herein that the MMT process does not create a coating, but rather a molecular chemical change in the material itself.

In one embodiment of the invention, a case for enclosing a cell phone, tablet, or other mobile or stationary electronic devise is comprised of the TemperaShield Multi -Core™technology or TemperaShield Aerogel wherein the case is an enclosure of the electronics and screen of the device itself, or an accessory for the device that fits securely around the device and protects the battery and/or screen from extreme temperature changes. The current state of electronic devices such as cellphones is that they all discharge electric current as individual lithium ions move through solution from one end of the battery (the anode) to the other end (the cathode). When the battery is drained, all of those ions are embedded in porous graphite in the cathode. When it's fully charged, they're all embedded in the anode. Most manufacturers recommend that the device and/or the battery be kept at 27°C (80°F). Operating a battery at elevated temperatures improves performance but prolonged exposure will shorten life, thus a need for a consistent TSSC for batteries that is convenient, aesthetically pleasing, and long lasting creates a longer life for the battery, resulting in greater customer satisfaction.

DRAWINGS FIGURE KEY:

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. l is a perspective view of a container in the shape of a box illustrating the multi-layer core, cut-away examples of square or rectangle, or round and cylindrical channels in at least one layer or wall, a void or pocket for placing insulative material or TemperaShield Multi-Core™, a freeze barrier layer, an antimicrobial surface layer, a hinged or snap on lid;

FIG. 1 A is a perspective view of a shelf assembly for use in the container; FIG. 2 is a perspective view illustrating the layers in the multi-layer core comprised of bendable hinges or links that can be used to separate the square or rectangular, or round or cylinder shaped channels that comprise a wall of the container so as to preserve the insulation material in an isolated area if damaged; incorporating Vacuum insulation panels, and/ or aerogel, or cryo- blanket, or other super insulative gas, or insulative fluids in appropriate channels in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a Tung-in-groove shelf system that can be incorporated within a multi-core container;

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a container in the form of a bendable, hinged or creased material container that can be collapsed into a flat box form;

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a multi-core insulative container in the shape of a bag with pockets. This container can be made in any size and be used to stabilize anything from food stuffs, pizza or other deliverables, to electronics such as laptops, cell phones, and tablets. Made to scale, even art and other perishables can be kept at a stable temperature within the bag;

FIG. 6 A-D is a perspective view of a multi-core insulative panel with various compositions and layers including hollow channels that can be filled with water, silica oil, and other insulative materials described herein;

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of two versions of a battery case using TemperaShield Multi-Core insulative panel with an optional nut & bolt fastener system on one side to illustrate this option, and a TemperaShield Aerogel molded material with male & female clamp fasteners for another option, both versions demonstrating various compositions and layers;

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of two versions of a mobile device case - in this example we illustrate a cell phone, however, any laptop, or tablet encasement would be made in the same fashion. The two options show a cut-a-way of TemperaShield Multi-Core insulative panel or an optional cryo-blanket film system on one side to illustrate this option, and a TemperaShield Aerogel molded material for another option, both versions demonstrating various compositions and layers. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The multi-layer core, TemperaShield Multi-Core™, comprised of a void or pocket or comprised of channels of the present invention provides several advantages over prior art VIP cores. By utilizing a heat resistant silica-based material sandwiched between a foam core or sandwiching a foam core between a heat resistant, silica-based materials, the resulting core exhibits a high R value while preventing internal temperature extremes. Figure 6 illustrates how the insulative material, TemperaShield Multi -Core™, can be assembled by forming an inner insulation sandwich, with the heat resistant material such as VIP or other insulative materials listed herein, as the center as in Fig. 6A, or with the heat resistant material, such as cryogenic blanket covering other denser heat resistant materials as listed herein to form a insulative shield as in Fig. 6C.

Referring now to FIGS. 6A to 6C, a multi-layer core, TemperaShield Multi-Core™ 10, includes a first layer 12 comprising a heat resistant core material such as a silica based blanket material such as a cryogenic blanket including but not limited to an aerogel material, or VIP, or other aerogel material, a second layer comprising a temperature resistant material such as foam, crosslink foam, water sachets, alcohol sachets, potable alcohol sachets, high salinity fluids sachets, non-Newtonian materials or fluid sachets such as silly putty, carbon, silk, various metals and salts, antifreeze sachets, silica oil sachets, carbon from ash, bamboo, and other suitable insulative materials 14, and a third layer 16 comprising a heat resistant core material that can act as a freeze barrier or heat barrier. As shown, the insulative material core, TemperaShield Multi-Core™, 14 is sandwiched between the first and second layers 12 and 16. FIG. 6B illustrates an assembled multi-layer core 18 suitable for use wherein the insulative material is vacuum insulation panel. FIG 6C illustrates a multi-layer core 24, TemperaShield Multi-Core™, wherein the outer layer is a heat resistant material such as a cryogenic blanket or an antimicrobial layer of a surface modified material such as a polymer, or even a metal.

The heat resistant materials 12, 16 may comprise a microporous, open cell silica aerogel or other super insulative gas, a precipitated or fumed silica, or a glass microfiber mat material. The material can also be made from a heat resistant foam material of appropriate density and small cell size, such as open cell urethane precipitated foams comprised of small monodispersed spheres. The heat resistant materials 12, 16 are preferably each about one quarter of an inch thick and are placed on one or both sides of the insulative materially Most preferably, ½ of an inch thick Nanogel™ panels are used, commercially available from Nanopore Corporation. Also preferred for use are ½ inch thick pure glass fiber mat panels. These silica-based materials protect the temperature sensitive insulative core material from extensive heat that may cause softening of the core. The silica material may also be dried to function not only as a protective insulation layer but also as a desiccant for the insulative core. If desired, the heat resistant materials 12, 16 may comprise different materials selected from the suitable materials described above.

Due to the thinness of the heat resistant core materials 12, 16, they are preferably evacuated in the same envelope as the insulative core material so that they are supported by the denser core structure when forming a vacuum insulation panel. The exterior dimensions of the resulting vacuum insulation panel are changed very little. For example, to make a l-inch panel, the insulative core could be crushed to ¾ inch thickness to accommodate a single layer of ½ inch glass fiber mat, resulting in a total thickness of 1 inch.

The thickness of the heat resistant core materials 12, 16 provides an internal temperature drop within the vacuum panel required to protect the insulative core. The heat resistant

materials 12, 16 are able to provide an R value of about 5 to 10 (units of (ft.²/hr./° F.)/(Btu-in.)) per ½ inch layer. When used on both sides of the insulative core material, a total R value in the completed core assembly is between about R20 and about R100 per inch.

It should be appreciated that it is possible to use a heat resistant material on only one side when making the assembled multi-layer core comprised of a void or pocket, or comprised of channels, 18. However, it is preferable to use heat resistant materials on both sides of the insulative material core 14 to provide protection to both sides of the core and to ensure that it is reversible when installed and can't be accidentally mis-oriented.

Alternatively, the evacuated and sealed vacuum insulation panel may be surfaced with a sheet comprised of conventional insulation. This sheet comprises a non-vacuum insulation panel whose profile protects the side(s) of the vacuum insulation panel (VIP) and may typically be comprised of ½ inch polyurethane foam and will be either bonded to or placed against the exterior of the VIP and may be enclosed by the conforming bag together with the VIP.

The Vacuum insulation panels, and aerogel or other super insulative gas, including the multi- layer core, TemperaShield Multi-Core™, comprised of a void or pocket, or comprised of channels, of the present invention as illustrated in FIG 6, provide insulating properties which are useful in highly insulated containers which allow the safe storage and transportation of a number of items such as medication, and food, medicines such as vaccines, anti-bodies, etc. However, it should be appreciated that the multi-layer insulation panel, TemperaShield Multi-Core™, is not limited to use in containers. The present invention can also be used with any apparatus used to maintain temperature sensitive items such as medication, and food at hot or cold temperatures. For example, hospital or nursing home medication, and food may be placed under a cover formed from the present invention for transport by cart to patients. Also, hot water pans that surround and cover medication, and food may be made with the present invention and be useful as a protection layer in an assortment of applications. The present invention can also be used in vending equipment to keep water hot for brewing coffee or tea, or to separate hot and cold products within the same vending machine.

The TemperaShield Multi -Core™, as illustrated in FIG 6 can also be used in construction applications to provide insulation in ceilings and walls of houses, office buildings, hotels, motels, factories, warehouses, etc. The TemperaShield Multi-Core™, illustrated in FIG 6 can also be used with common appliances such as refrigerators, stoves, hot water heaters, motor vehicles, heating and cooling ducts, etc.

The TemperaShield Multi -Core™, as illustrated in FIG 6 can be used in hot water heaters to help improve energy efficiency. Even at higher temperatures, a hot water heater may be maintained near the boiling point of water for commercial dishwashing and laundry application, especially in conjunction with high temperature phase change materials, thereby reducing the demand for fossil fuel energy sources.

The present invention, TemperaShield Multi-Core™, as illustrated in FIG 6 gas can be used in the construction of heating elements such as distributed heat floor heating elements, wall heating elements, or ceiling heating elements. The power required from the heating elements is reduced due to the high value insulation, greatly reducing the heat loss to other areas it is not intended to heat.

The present invention, TemperaShield Multi-Core™, as illustrated in FIG 6 can be used with laboratory equipment to maintain temperatures at or around the boiling point of water, thereby making it easier to maintain crucial temperatures. For example, the vacuum insulation panel may be formed in a vessel to serve as a substitute for fragile glass.

In a preferred embodiment, insulative multi-layer core, TemperaShield Multi-Core™, as illustrated in FIG 6 is presented as a container comprised of a void or pocket as illustrated in Fig. 1, or comprised of channels, of the present invention is used in a container such as a delivery box or pouch for the transport of temperature sensitive items.

In the embodiment illustrated in Fig. 1 the exterior 38, 16, and interior walls 32, 12, bottom wall 34, and lid 36, may be comprised of a number of impermeable suitable materials such as fabrics including, but not limited to, nylon, rayon and canvas. The preferred embodiment includes a material that has been modified by way of a fuming gas treatment referenced in U.S. Patent 9,834,365. Alternatively, the interior wall may be comprised of a non-permeable barrier material including, but not limited to, vinyl, polyethylene, metalized thermal radiation barrier film, radiation barrier films and other medication, and food packaging films that can be treated with an antimicrobial treatment also described by reference in U.S. Patent 9,834,365.

Regarding Fig. 1, the heating or cooling source 46 may be in the form of a disc which includes a preconditioned phase change material including ice made from water, gel packs, salt hydrates, paraffins, and bio-based PCMs including but not limited to vegetable oil packs, and specific TemperaShield bio-based PCMs comprised of vegetable based oils, as described in commonly- assigned U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,884,006 and 6,108,489, the disclosures of which are hereby

incorporated by reference. Alternatively, the source may comprise a resistive type heater. The heating or cooling source functions to maintain, raise, or lower the temperature of an item in the container. However, it should be appreciated that the container is designed to provide sufficient temperature retention as a passive container without the assistance of external or internal heating or cooling sources,

In one embodiment of the invention, Fig. 1, the interior of the container is divided into separate compartments, or shelves, so that multiple items can be stored in the same box while maintaining the temperature of both items. For example, the container may be provided with a shelf assembly 52 including multiple shelves 54 as shown in FIG. 1 A which allows several items such as multiple boxes or medication, and food trays to be carried in the same container. It should be appreciated that the number of shelves may be varied as desired and that the design of the shelf assembly may vary.

FIG. 5 illustrates the container 30 of the present invention in the form of a delivery bag, such as an insulated bag for pizza delivery. As shown, the container includes top and bottom

walls 48 and 50, each of which include exterior and interior side walls 38, 40 which form pockets 42 for holding insulative material, TemperaShield Multi -Core™, , such as the present invention illustrated in FIG 6 and described in FIG 5 as 44 or a heating or cooling source (not shown) and a solar battery powered 23, LCD temperature sensing device 21, and digital readout display 23, may be imbedded into the structural wall with a digital readout and solar battery.

As illustrated in FIG. 1, a container 30 is shown in the form of a delivery box. The box preferably comprises four side walls 32, a bottom wall 34, and a top wall 36. As shown in FIG.

1, the top wall 36 forms a lid. As shown, two of the sidewalls 32 each include an exterior wall 38 and an interior wall 40 which form a pocket 42 which allows the insertion of an insulative material 10, TemperaShield Multi -Core™ 14, or inclusion by molding or construction by way of powder impression molding, or TemperaShield Aerogel Composite 18, this being any of the insulative materials mentioned herein, as well as the insulative present invention illustrated in FIG 6 or a heating or cooling source to be inserted therebetween, or an aerogel cryo-blanket 17, may be inserted into the cargo compartment for added insulative value, and a solar battery powered 23, LCD temperature sensing device 21, and digital readout display 23, may be imbedded into the structural wall with a digital readout and solar battery. As illustrated in FIG. 7, a container 24 is shown in the form of a battery box. The box preferably comprises four side walls 32, a bottom wall 34, and a top wall 36. As shown in FIG. 1, the top wall 36 forms a lid. As shown, two of the sidewalls 32 each include an exterior wall 38 and an interior wall 40 which form a cavity 29 which allows the insertion of any battery as the box can be made in any size. For efficiency purposes, the walls are illustrated as having been molded and comprised of TemperaShield Aerogel Composite™, however in this illustration half of the battery box illustrates that an insulative layer of TemperaShield Multi-Core™, or inclusion by molding or construction, this being any of the insulative materials mentioned herein, as well as the insulative present invention illustrated in FIG 6 or a heating or cooling source to be inserted therebetween. The illustration shows two options as designated by the dotted line, for a layered multi-core insulation or a molded aerogel-polymer composite. The exterior walls of the container can be any amount of thickness and be comprised of encapsulated insulative material such as TemperaShield Multi-Core™, encapsulated in an antimicrobial polymer or fabric surface modified as described in U.S. Patent 9,834,365. The container 24, can comprise of voids or pockets on all sides for placing a warming device if required for this utility, although the later embodiment is not illustrated herein.

Also, an embodiment not illustrated herein but disclosed as an aspect of the present invention is the inclusion of pack 18, or a warming disc if required for a specific utility, however, the container is designed to retain a constant temperature within the TSCC of a container. A thermochromic liquid crystal sensory strip 49, can be added with a red indicator showing that the battery is too cold to charge, or a green indicator showing that the battery is at a safe charging temperature.

The pocket 42, in Fig. 1 may then be closed or sealed, if desired. The void or space between the layers comprising the walls of the container may contain channels, either square or rectangle 45, or round or cylindrical channels 45A, wherein said channels can be filled either by sealed molding, or infusion of water, water mixed with alcohol, potable alcohol, refrigerant gas, aerogel, non- Newtonian fluid such as silly putty, silicone, carbon, graphite, graphene, or other heat resistant fluid. The exterior walls of the container can be any amount of thickness and be comprised of encapsulated insulative material such as TemperaShield Multi -Core™, encapsulated in an antimicrobial polymer or fabric surface modified as described in ET.S. Patent 9,834,365. The container 30, can comprise of pockets on all sides for placing a gel pack 18 or a warming or cooling disc if required for a specific utility, however, the container is designed to retain a constant temperature within the TSCC of a container.

As illustrated in FIG. 8, a container 33 is shown in the form of a protective case for a mobile device - a cell phone in this instance. The case preferably comprises of two - four side compartments, each with four walls 32, a bottom wall 34, and a top wall 36. As shown in FIG. 8. As shown, two of the sidewalls 32 each include an exterior wall 38 and an interior wall 40 which form a cavity 29 which allows the insertion of any electronic mobile device as the case can be made in any size. For efficiency purposes, the case is illustrated as having a flip-type hinged top 31, attached to a base for holding the device. The illustration in Fig. 8 is divided in half to illustrate two of the options embodied in this device. One option is having been molded and comprised of TemperaShield Aerogel Composite™ 18. The other embodiment illustrates an inclusion of a TemperaShield Aerogel inner blanket 17, with a cover to protect and stabilize the electronic device or tempered glass screen 47. The device is comprised of an inner 12, and outer skin 16, that is comprised of an impermeable polymer that has been bonded to an antimicrobial constituent and can also be rendered anti-static by means of the MMT process described herein and referenced in ETS Patent 9,834,365. In this illustration half of the mobile electronic device case illustrates that an insulative layer of TemperaShield Multi-Core™ 14, or inclusion by molding or construction, this being any of the insulative materials mentioned herein, as well as the insulative present invention illustrated in FIG 6 or a heating or cooling source to be inserted therebetween. The illustration shows two options as designated by the dotted line, for a layered multi-core insulation or a molded aerogel-polymer composite. The exterior walls of the case can be any amount of thickness and be comprised of encapsulated insulative material such as TemperaShield Multi-Core™ 14, encapsulated in an antimicrobial polymer or fabric surface modified as described in ET.S. Patent 9,834,365. A thermochromic liquid crystal sensory strip 49, can be added with a red indicator showing that the battery is too cold to charge, or a green indicator showing that the battery is at a safe charging temperature.

EXAMPLE 1 An insulated pizza delivery bag was formed in accordance with the present invention and included a cloth exterior with pockets on the top and bottom walls holding an insulative material such as TemperaShield Multi-Core™, along with polypropylene sheet covers.

The pizza bag was then tested for heat retention. In the first test, the bag was maintained at ambient temperature prior to insertion of the pizza, while in the second test, the bag was preheated prior to insertion of the pizza. The results are shown below in Tables 1 and 2.

TABLE 1

Time Pizza 1 Pizza 1 Pizza 2 Pizza 2 Pizza 3 Pizza 3

(minutes) cheese (° F.) crust (° F.) cheese (° F.) crust (° F.) cheese (° F.) crust (° F.)

0 173.4 185.4 78.5 81 78.6 77.9

5 177.3 175.4 198.8 195.4 188.4 183.7

10 178.3 166.8 195.1 187.3 193.9 190

15 176.2 164 191.8 180.5 189.4 182.9

20 174.3 162.2 188.4 175 186.3 177.3

25 172.6 160.4 184.7 171 183 173.3

30 171.6 158.9 181.7 168.3 180.2 171.3

[0074]

TABLE 2

Time Pizza 1 Pizza 1 Pizza 2 Pizza 2 Pizza 3 Pizza 3

(minutes) cheese (° F.) crust (° F.) cheese (° F.) crust (° F.) cheese (° F.) crust (° F.)

0 129.7 133.3 102.8 114.5 102.8 103.5

5 189.5 187.4 205 188 205 195.6

10 183.2 180.2 197 177 197.1 186.2

15 180.5 176.4 192 171.8 192 182.7 TABLE 2

Time Pizza 1 Pizza 1 Pizza 2 Pizza 2 Pizza 3 Pizza 3

(minutes) cheese (° F.) crust (° F.) cheese (° F.) crust (° F.) cheese (° F.) crust (° F.)

20 178.5 173.8 188.2 168.3 188.2 180.4

25 176.6 171.1 184.8 165.2 184.8 178.1

30 174.6 168.8 181.3 162.4 181.6 176

As can be seen, the temperature of the pizza was effectively retained with use of the bag of the present invention.

EXAMPLE 2

Temperature data was collected from temperature sensors placed in the center of the top of the pizza bag, one on the outer side of the upper insulation panel, and one on the inner side of the upper insulation panel. The ambient temperature was also monitored and was about 73° F.

The inside of the conventional insulation only reached about 140° F., and heat escaping through this insulation heated its exterior to 91° F. Under these same conditions, the TemperaShield Multi-Core™, comprising the multi-layer core comprised of a void or pocket, or comprised of channels, was heated to 155° F. on the inside and lost only enough heat to raise its exterior surface to 78° F. The TemperaShield Multi-Core™, of the present invention provides a substantial improvement in insulation performance. It should be noted that in both bags, the pizza heat source was about 15° higher than the inside of the insulation due to the insulation effects of the boxes and several inches of air gap. This means that the temperature of the pizza in the conventionally insulated bag was about 155° F. while the pizza in the TemperaShield Multi- Core™, insulated bag was about 170° F., a noticeably better starting temperature for serving.

EXAMPLE 3

An 8-ounce specimen of cool tap water formed into ice cubes was sealed in a zip-lock baggie to simulate the vaccine that would be transported by a cold chain container. The sample was placed inside of the temperature stabilizing cargo compartment along with a thermometer. The starting temperature of water was measured by a Celsius thermometer prior to sealing the baggie, and determined to be 0° C., (about 31-32° F.). The outside ambient air temperature was kept at a constant 27° C., (about 80° F.). The starting inside air temperature of the temperature stabilizing cargo compartment was also 27° C., (about 80° F.). The temperature stabilizing cargo

compartment was made with ½ inch TemperaShield Multi-Core™, and a second compartment was wrapped with TemperaShield Aerogel™, a third compartment was completely encased with an aerogel tape coated with a polymer film, and forth, a cryogenic blanket made from fiberglass and aerogel material, each of which is wrapped around a cavity with a 4"x4" made from a thermal resistant polymer material used as the floor of the compartment, thereby using

TemperaShield Multi-Core™, TemperaShield Multi -Aerogel™, and a ridged, molded polymer for five surfaces. The entire temperature stabilizing cargo compartment was placed in the center of a 1 -liter hard plastic cold chain container that is typically used in the field for vaccine delivery. The starting inside air temperature of the cold chain container was 0° C., (about 32° F.). Frozen icepacks were placed next to the temperature stabilizing cargo compartment on the outer surface of the insulative layer forming an open-ended square around the temperature stabilizing cargo compartment on four sides. The top of the cold chain container was then closed and left alone for one-hour intervals for the first 24-hous and then daily for the next 4-days. The sample temperature and the ambient air temperature was checked at regular intervals with readings as follows:

Cargo

Time of Area Ambient

Date Day Hours Temp. C. Temp. C.

July 22, 2018 10:00 AM Start 0 27

July 22, 2018 11 :00 AM 1 -0.3 27

July 22, 2018 12:00 PM 2 -0.5 27

July 22, 2018 1 :00 PM 3 0 27

July 22, 2018 2:00 PM 4 -0.1 27

July 22, 2018 11 :00 PM 13 0 27 Cargo

Time of Area Ambient

Date Day Hours Temp. C. Temp. C.

July 22, 2018 12: 00 AM 14 0 27

July 23, 2018 8: 00 AM 22 0.01 27

July 24, 2018 10: 00 AM 48 0.2 27

July 25, 2018 9: 00 AM 71 1.3 27

July 26, 2018 9: 00 PM 95 3.4 27

Observations: As the interior air inside the temperature stabilizing cargo compartment came into proximity to the coolant, the air temperature was gradually reduced inside of the compartment. The air temperature inside the cargo compartment stabilized during the first hour. The exact time needed in order to stabilize the air in every scenario is unknown, as the compartment was not opened until 1 hour after the start of the experiment. Once the air temperature stabilized at -0.3° C., the temperature of the water inside air temperature in the cargo compartment was gradually reduced to -0.5° C., thereby gradually reducing the temperature of the frozen water inside of the baggie to a low of -0.5° C., which is within the acceptable range for frozen water stored within the compartment. No evidence of ice hardening of the ice was observed inside the baggie at any time during the experiment. After 95 hours the water gradually returned to the original temperature of 3.4° C. which indicated that the compartment would remain cold, however not frozen as the gel packs are not designed to remain frozen. A preconditioned PCM including ice made from water, gel packs, salt hydrates, paraffins, and bio-based PCMs including but not limited to vegetable oil packs, and specific TemperaShield Bio-based PCM™ comprised of vegetable based oils, designed for prolonged freezing would have provided a more extended freeze time for the ice cargo.

Conclusions: A temperature stabilizing cargo compartment can provide an enduring cool environment ((<0° C to <8° C.) for at least 95 hours. It is reasonable to assume that the water would remain below 8° C. for a prolonged period beyond the 95 hours, with expectations of a sustained <8° C. for up to 150 hours. An adequate freeze barrier can be provided by placing the freeze barrier between the cargo and the icepacks or other coolants.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes may be made without departing from the scope of the invention which is not considered limited to what is described in the specification.

Claims

What is claimed is:

1. A method of making a cargo carrying enclosure for stabilizing an interior air temperature of a temperature stabilizing cargo compartment, the method of making the cargo carrying enclosure comprising: Providing a plurality of layers including a multi- core insulative layer forming at least one wall, the at least one wall comprised of temperature resistant materials which insulates interior air within the temperature stabilizing cargo compartment, inhibiting heat infiltration, heat loss, vapor and moisture permeability, cold air affecting the utility of the cargo, and thereby stabilizing the interior air's temperature for a period of <1 to 150 hours; wherein providing the plurality of layers comprises: providing a first layer; wherein providing the first layer includes forming the first layer comprised of a micro particle material contained within a vacuum; and providing a second layer; wherein providing the second layer includes the second layer forming an interior surface of the temperature stabilizing cargo compartment and is comprised of a moisture resistant polymer, or glass, or metal or carbon; and wherein providing the second layer further includes exposing the second layer or the second layer's material to a fuming surface modifying gas which provides an antimicrobial agent, or metallic molecules, or via prescribed residence time within the reaction chamber that renders the material anti-static or hydrophobic, or hydrophilic, or creates a barrio to vapors or acids, any of which becomes a permanent part of a matrix of the second layer or second layer's material; and providing a third layer; wherein providing the third layer includes forming the third layer, comprised of a polymer with varying density to form a freeze barrier; and providing a fourth layer; wherein providing the fourth layer includes forming the fourth layer comprised of a cooling agent which can be a phase change material, or a warming agent, depending on the utility of the container.

2. The method of making the cargo carrying enclosure of claim 1, further comprising: inserting the temperature stabilizing cargo compartment into an existing transport container as a retrofit.

3. The method of making the cargo carrying enclosure of claim 1, further comprising: placing one of a medical supply, biological sample, pharmaceutical product or other temperature sensitive material within the temperature stabilizing cargo compartment whereby a constant or near constant temperature must be maintained during

transportation with said cargo also including batteries, mobile electronic devices, alcoholic beverages, art, munitions or explosives, food stuffs, prepared food, and other temperature sensitive materials.

4. The method of making the cargo carrying enclosure of claim 1, further comprising: providing a fifth layer comprised of an air hardened ridged polymer which serves as an outer layer of the cargo carrying enclosure.

5. The method of making the cargo carrying enclosure of claim 1, further comprising: providing a first cooling or heating apparatus located within the temperature stabilizing cargo compartment and comprises at least one of ice, a gel pack, a phase change material, energy emitting crystals, and a material causing a heat causing chemical reaction, composite material causing a chilling chemical reaction, a mechanical cooling or heating apparatus or a compressed gas.

6. The method of making the cargo carrying enclosure of claim 1, wherein exposing the second layer or the second layer's material to the fuming surface modifying gas comprises: exposing the second layer or the second layer's material to the fuming surface modifying gas in a fuming chamber which may be, but is not limited to a fluidized bed apparatus; and measuring a dwell time and concentration level of the provided fuming surface modifying gas in order to form a treated surface that can be anywhere from 0 to 100 microns deep from the interior surface of the second layer or the second layer's material; and neutralizing an exposed material of the second layer or the second layer's material; contacting the antimicrobial agents with the second layer or second layer's material to become the permanent part of the matrix of the second layer or second layer's material which provides properties such as antimicrobial, antistatic, hydrophobic, bondability, and barrier when desired; wherein the antimicrobial agent of the second layer or the second layer's material is comprised of silver, copper, zinc, and other antimicrobial agent that can become a permanent part of the matrix of the second layer or second layer's material from a depth of 0 to 50 microns from the interior surface of the second layer or second layer's material which has been exposed to the fuming surface modifying gas and providing certain properties to the interior surface of the second layer or second layer's material such as antimicrobial, antistatic, hydrophobic, bondability, and barrier when desired.

7. The method of making the cargo carrying enclosure of claim 1, further comprising: providing an absorber for absorbing vapor and liquid condensation within the

temperature stabilizing cargo compartment.

8. The method of making the cargo carrying enclosure of claim 1, further comprising: providing an upward channeled vent on the at least one wall providing a handle located on a top of the cargo carrying enclosure providing a handle located on the at least one wall.

9. A cargo carrying enclosure for stabilizing the interior temperature of temperature stabilizing cargo compartment formed by the method of claim 1, further comprising: placing a battery inside the enclosure wherein the enclosure serves as an encasement for a battery, thus stabilizing the air temperature within the temperature stabilizing cargo compartment and thus preventing loss of efficiency for a battery due to cold weather, or extreme temperature changes, and whereby the container is comprised of a material that has been The method of making the cargo carrying enclosure of claim 1, further comprising: placing one of a medical supply, biological sample, pharmaceutical product or other temperature sensitive material within the temperature stabilizing cargo compartment whereby a constant or near constant temperature must be maintained during transportation.

10. A closeable battery case for, stabilizing the temperature of a battery thereby protecting a battery from problems associated with cold starts, or extreme heat, whereby the battery case is comprises of an aerogel composite comprised of a polymer and an aerogel wherein the composite constituents are exposing the second layer or the second layer's material to the fuming surface modifying gas such as sulfur trioxide, in a fuming chamber which may be, but is not limited to a fluidized bed apparatus; and measuring a dwell time and concentration level of the provided fuming surface modifying gas in order to form a treated molecular surface that is changed in its chemistry at a dept of anywhere from 0 to 100 microns deep from particle surface; and neutralizing an exposed material of the second material being an aerogel particulate causing a molecular bond between the polymer and the aerogel material to become the permanent part of the matrix of the polymer aerogel composite which provides properties such as enhanced thermal resistance, antimicrobial, antistatic, hydrophobic, bondability, and barrier when desired; wherein the antimicrobial agent of the second layer or the second layer's material is comprised of silver, copper, zinc, and other antimicrobial agent that can become a permanent part of the matrix of the aerogel composite, thereby reducing the propagation of bacteria on the surface of said case.

11. A closeable or open face temperature stabilizing encasement as disclosed in claim 10, for stabilizing the battery and operating temperature of a wireless device comprising: a substantially rectangular shielding case thereof for insertion of a cell phone and having a rear wall on the opposite side thereof; an insulating layer positioned adjacent the rear wall; an insulating layer extending outwardly from said case, said cover having elongated sides and being positioned over the phone when in use and capable of being moved into a user-friendly position when the wireless device is in use, and then closed when stored or held in hand.