CN111525049A - Aerogel type heat preservation shell embedded in vacuum cavity for thermal battery and application of aerogel type heat preservation shell - Google Patents
Aerogel type heat preservation shell embedded in vacuum cavity for thermal battery and application of aerogel type heat preservation shell Download PDFInfo
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- CN111525049A CN111525049A CN202010386101.2A CN202010386101A CN111525049A CN 111525049 A CN111525049 A CN 111525049A CN 202010386101 A CN202010386101 A CN 202010386101A CN 111525049 A CN111525049 A CN 111525049A
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- 239000004964 aerogel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 118
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 62
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 60
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ZrO2 Inorganic materials O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- COHCXWLRUISKOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N [AlH3].[Ba] Chemical compound [AlH3].[Ba] COHCXWLRUISKOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005543 nano-size silicon particle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- DNXNYEBMOSARMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;zirconium Chemical compound [AlH3].[Zr] DNXNYEBMOSARMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XBYNNYGGLWJASC-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium titanium Chemical compound [Ti].[Ba] XBYNNYGGLWJASC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ZSJFLDUTBDIFLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel zirconium Chemical compound [Ni].[Zr] ZSJFLDUTBDIFLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011257 shell material Substances 0.000 description 118
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 11
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 description 7
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004965 Silica aerogel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 4
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
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- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006261 foam material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052845 zircon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/138—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings adapted for specific cells, e.g. electrochemical cells operating at high temperature
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/116—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/147—Lids or covers
- H01M50/148—Lids or covers characterised by their shape
- H01M50/1535—Lids or covers characterised by their shape adapted for specific cells, e.g. electrochemical cells operating at high temperature
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M6/30—Deferred-action cells
- H01M6/36—Deferred-action cells containing electrolyte and made operational by physical means, e.g. thermal cells
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Thermal Insulation (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an aerogel type heat-insulating shell embedded in a vacuum cavity for a thermal battery and application thereof, and the aerogel type heat-insulating shell comprises a battery outer shell, a battery inner shell, an infrared radiation reflecting layer, a battery cover plate, an aerogel heat-insulating cylinder and an aerogel heat-insulating block, wherein the battery inner shell is arranged in the middle inside the battery outer shell, the infrared radiation reflecting layer is arranged on the inner wall of the battery outer shell and the outer wall of the battery inner shell, the battery outer shell surrounds the battery inner shell to form a vacuum heat-insulating cavity, and the aerogel heat-insulating cylinder is embedded in the cavity of the vacuum heat-insulating cavity and is positioned between the infrared radiation reflecting layer on the inner wall of; the aerogel heat preservation piece is located between the upper and lower layer of battery apron, and aerogel layer unites two into one's arrangement mode in the space with the vacuum layer, very does benefit to the volume that reduces the thermal battery. The heat-insulating shell has good heat-insulating property, and can remarkably prolong the heat life of the thermal battery and reduce the surface temperature of the thermal battery.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of thermal battery application, in particular to an aerogel type heat-insulating shell embedded in a vacuum cavity for a thermal battery and application thereof.
Background
Thermal batteries are popular in the military and some specific civilian fields because of their advantages of wide temperature range in the environment of use, low self-discharge, long storage time, no need of maintenance, and high-power discharge. With the continuous development of science and technology and the continuous expansion of application requirements, the thermal battery has higher requirements on the performance, which mainly reflects that the traditional thermal battery with medium and short service life cannot meet the requirements of future application scenes on the working time of the thermal battery.
The suitable working temperature range of the thermal battery is narrow, generally 400-550 ℃, and the thermal battery cannot play the best performance or even normally work when the temperature is lower than the temperature, so that the high thermal life is a necessary condition for the thermal battery to have long service life, in other words, the excellent heat preservation technology is a key for guaranteeing the thermal life of the thermal battery.
The most common and mature heat insulation materials are materials with porous structures, such as heat insulation cotton, heat insulation felt, foam materials, nano aerogel and the like, and the heat insulation principle of the materials endows the porous structures of the materials with lower solid heat conductivity coefficients, and inhibits the convection heat transfer of gas to a certain degree. The short-life thermal battery usually uses asbestos paper, fiber felt and the like as a thermal insulation material, the long-life thermal battery generally uses a nano silica aerogel material as the thermal insulation material, the inorganic nano aerogel material is the best thermal insulation material for the thermal battery which is publicly reported at present, and the thermal insulation performance of the material is usually obviously superior to that of common inorganic thermal insulation cotton, thermal insulation felt and the like because the pore diameter of the material is smaller than the mean free path of gas molecule motion. Although the nano aerogel material can better meet the requirements of a medium-life thermal battery, the nano aerogel material is not ideal for a long-life thermal battery, particularly a thermal battery with the service life of more than 1 h.
Aiming at thermal battery insulation, except for selecting traditional porous materials, a vacuum aerogel composite insulation shell has a better insulation effect than that of an aerogel cylinder used alone at present, but a cover plate area of the insulation shell is usually designed in a non-vacuum mode, so that a phenomenon that a large amount of heat is dissipated from the area exists, and the overall insulation effect is still not ideal; in addition, the aerogel material and the vacuum cavity of the existing heat-insulating shell are separately arranged, so that the existing heat-insulating shell occupies a large volume and is not favorable for the development requirement of a thermal battery on the aspect of saving space.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an aerogel embedded type heat-insulating shell for a vacuum cavity of a thermal battery and application thereof.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
an aerogel type heat-insulation shell embedded in a vacuum cavity for a thermal battery comprises a battery outer shell, a battery inner shell, a reflective infrared radiation layer, a battery cover plate, an aerogel heat-insulation cylinder and an aerogel heat-insulation block, wherein the battery inner shell is arranged in the middle of the inside of the battery outer shell;
the battery cover plate comprises an upper cover plate and a lower cover plate, the lower cover plate is connected with the top end of the battery inner shell, the upper cover plate is connected with the top end of the battery outer shell through an outer ring of the cover plate, and the aerogel heat preservation block is arranged between the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate.
According to the invention, the aerogel heat-insulating cylinder is arranged in the cavity of the vacuum heat-insulating cavity, and the occupied volumes of the aerogel heat-insulating cylinder and the vacuum heat-insulating cavity are combined into a whole, so that the total volume of the heat-insulating layer is greatly reduced, and the occupied space of a thermal battery is saved; the aerogel heat-insulating cylinder and the aerogel heat-insulating block have the functions of reducing solid heat conduction, enhancing heat-insulating efficiency, supporting the battery inner shell, and absorbing shock and buffering; the double-layer battery cover plate realizes vacuum full coverage of the upper end, the lower end and the outer side of the battery pile, not only improves the overall heat preservation effect of the heat preservation shell, but also can further reduce the surface temperature of the battery shell, particularly the battery cover plate.
Further, the aerogel heat-insulating cylinder and the aerogel heat-insulating block are both made of nano silicon dioxide aerogel or nano zirconium dioxide aerogel.
Further, the infrared radiation reflecting layer is a thin film layer with the thickness of 1-100 microns, and the thin film layer is attached to the inner wall surface of the battery outer shell and the outer wall surface of the battery inner shell through electroplating or evaporation.
The beneficial effects of the above preferred scheme are: the electroplated or evaporated infrared radiation reflecting layer has high adhesion strength, and cannot be warped to form a high-heat-conduction thermal bridge to cause heat preservation failure.
Further, the infrared radiation reflecting layer is made of a reflective material, and the reflective material is aluminum.
The beneficial effects of the above preferred scheme are: compared with the traditional infrared reflecting layer materials such as gold foil, silver foil and other noble metal materials, the material has low price and is easier to popularize and apply.
Further, a cavity of the vacuum heat-insulating cavity is internally provided with a gas-absorbing material, and the gas-absorbing material is any one or combination of barium-aluminum alloy, barium-titanium alloy, zirconium-aluminum alloy, zirconium-nickel alloy and zirconium graphite.
The beneficial effects of the above preferred scheme are: the air suction material can absorb trace gas in the vacuum heat-insulation cavity, and is beneficial to maintaining the vacuum degree in the vacuum heat-insulation cavity of the thermal battery.
Further, the bottom of the battery shell is provided with an air outlet.
The beneficial effects of the above preferred scheme are: and when the vacuum heat-preservation cavity is manufactured, the exhaust port is used for exhausting air.
Further, the battery outer shell and the battery inner shell are both made of stainless steel materials or industrial pure titanium materials.
The beneficial effects of the above preferred scheme are: stainless steel materials or industrial pure titanium materials have strong corrosion resistance and also have lower solid thermal conductivity than most other metals.
Further, the battery cover plate further comprises a binding post and a glass sealing body, the aerogel heat preservation block is composed of two semicircular monomers, the upper cover plate, the lower cover plate and two semicircular monomers are provided with through holes, and the binding post penetrates through the through holes and is fixed on the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate through the glass sealing body.
The beneficial effects of the above preferred scheme are: the battery cover plate, the aerogel heat-insulating block and the binding post are connected by the glass sealing body, so that the region between the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate and the region between the battery inner shell and the battery outer shell are both vacuum regions.
The application of the aerogel type heat-insulation shell embedded in the vacuum cavity for the thermal battery is characterized in that the aerogel type heat-insulation shell embedded in the vacuum cavity for the thermal battery is adopted to prepare the thermal battery, and the vacuum heat-insulation cavity is arranged at the upper end, the lower end and the outer side of a battery electric pile.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) according to the aerogel type heat-insulation shell embedded in the vacuum cavity for the thermal battery, the aerogel heat-insulation cylinder is arranged in the cavity of the vacuum heat-insulation cavity, namely, the volume occupied by the vacuum layer and the aerogel layer is combined into a whole in space, so that the total volume of the heat-insulation layer of the battery is greatly reduced, the overall volume of the thermal battery is greatly reduced, and the requirement of future application scenes on space saving is met; in addition, aerogel heat preservation section of thick bamboo and aerogel heat preservation piece not only have the effect that reduces the solid heat conduction, can strengthen the heat preservation efficiency greatly, and aerogel material has certain elasticity moreover, consequently still has the effect that supports the battery inner shell, shock attenuation and buffering, this kind of battery inner shell and battery case soft contact's mode of construction can effectively avoid the thermal cell to produce internal damage because of local stress is too big under harsh mechanical environment such as vibration, impact, acceleration, improved the adaptability of thermal cell to mechanical environment.
2) The aerogel type heat preservation shell is embedded in the vacuum cavity for the thermal battery, the battery cover plate is designed into a double-layer structure, the aerogel heat preservation block is arranged between the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate, the area between the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate and the area between the battery inner shell and the battery outer shell are both vacuum areas, the vacuum full-covering of the upper end, the lower end and the outer side of a battery pile is realized, and compared with a non-full-covering structure, the heat dissipated outwards through the battery cover plate is greatly reduced because the battery cover plate in the traditional non-full-covering heat preservation structure is the most main heat dissipation area, the occupation ratio of the heat dissipation capacity of the area in the total heat dissipation is up to about 75 percent, and the battery cover plate is a short plate of the traditional non-full-covering heat preservation structure; under the action of matching the aerogel heat-insulating cylinder and the aerogel heat-insulating block, the cover plate further greatly improves the overall heat-insulating effect of the heat-insulating shell, prolongs the heat life of the thermal battery, and can further reduce the surface temperature of the battery shell, particularly the battery cover plate.
3) The infrared radiation reflecting layer is attached to the inner wall surface of the battery outer shell and the outer wall surface of the battery inner shell in an electroplating or evaporation mode, compared with the traditional mode that the metal foil is fixed to the shell surface in a spot welding mode, the attachment strength of the electroplating or evaporation mode is higher, and the phenomenon that the battery inner shell and the battery outer shell are overlapped to form a high-heat-conduction heat bridge and further cause heat preservation failure due to warping or falling of the metal foil in mechanical environments such as vibration, acceleration and impact caused by low spot welding strength in a weapon system can be avoided.
4) The infrared radiation reflecting layer adopts aluminum with low emissivity coefficient and high reflection coefficient, and compared with the traditional infrared reflecting layer materials such as gold foil, silver foil and other noble metal materials, the infrared radiation reflecting layer has low price and is easier to popularize and apply.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of an aerogel-type thermal insulation casing embedded in a vacuum chamber for a thermal battery according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery cover plate according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an aerogel insulation block of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph of the temperature of the center of a thermopile simulated over time using a thermal battery having an aerogel type thermal insulation housing embedded in a vacuum cavity and an aerogel thermal insulation canister alone;
in the figure, 1-battery outer shell, 2-battery inner shell, 3-reflective infrared radiation layer, 4-battery cover plate, 401-upper cover plate, 402-lower cover plate, 403-binding post, 404-glass sealing body, 5-aerogel thermal insulation cylinder, 6-aerogel thermal insulation block, 601-semicircular monomer, 7-vacuum thermal insulation cavity, 8-cover plate outer ring, 9-getter material, 10-exhaust port, 11-through hole, 12-battery electric pile.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-4, the present invention provides a technical solution:
referring to fig. 1-2, an aerogel type thermal insulation casing embedded in a vacuum cavity for a thermal battery comprises a battery outer shell 1, a battery inner shell 2, a reflective infrared radiation layer 3, a battery cover plate 4, an aerogel thermal insulation cylinder 5 and an aerogel thermal insulation block 6, wherein the battery inner shell 2 is installed in the middle inside the battery outer shell 1, the reflective infrared radiation layer 3 is arranged on the inner wall of the battery outer shell 1 and the outer wall of the battery inner shell 2, the battery outer shell 1 surrounds the battery inner shell 2 to form a vacuum thermal insulation cavity 7, and the aerogel thermal insulation cylinder 5 is embedded in the cavity of the vacuum thermal insulation cavity 7 and is positioned between the reflective infrared radiation layer 3 on the inner wall of the battery outer shell 1 and the reflective infrared radiation layer 3 on the outer wall of the battery inner shell 2;
the battery cover plate 4 comprises an upper cover plate 401 and a lower cover plate 402, the lower cover plate 402 is connected with the top end of the battery inner shell 2, the upper cover plate 401 is connected with the top end of the battery outer shell 1 through an outer cover plate outer ring 8, and the aerogel thermal insulation block 6 is arranged between the upper cover plate 401 and the lower cover plate 402.
According to the aerogel type heat-insulation shell embedded in the vacuum cavity for the thermal battery, the aerogel heat-insulation cylinder 5 is arranged in the cavity of the vacuum heat-insulation cavity 7, namely the volume occupied by the vacuum layer and the aerogel layer is combined into a whole in space, so that the total volume of the battery heat-insulation layer is greatly reduced, the overall volume of the thermal battery is favorably and greatly reduced, and the requirement of future application scenes on the thermal battery in the aspect of saving space is favorably met; in addition, aerogel heat preservation section of thick bamboo and aerogel heat preservation piece not only have the effect that reduces the solid heat conduction, can strengthen the heat preservation efficiency greatly, and aerogel material has certain elasticity moreover, consequently still has the effect that supports the battery inner shell, shock attenuation and buffering, this kind of battery inner shell and battery case soft contact's mode of construction can effectively avoid the thermal cell to produce internal damage because of local stress is too big under harsh mechanical environment such as vibration, impact, acceleration, improved the adaptability of thermal cell to mechanical environment.
The aerogel type heat preservation shell is embedded in the vacuum cavity for the thermal battery, the battery cover plate 4 is designed into a double-layer structure, meanwhile, the aerogel heat-insulating block 6 is arranged between the upper-layer cover plate 401 and the lower-layer cover plate 402, and the area between the upper-layer cover plate 401 and the lower-layer cover plate 402 and the area between the battery inner shell 2 and the battery outer shell 1 are both vacuum areas, so that the vacuum full coverage of the upper end, the lower end and the outer side of the battery pile 12 is realized, compared with a non-full coverage structure, the heat dissipated outward through the battery cover plate 4 is greatly reduced, because the battery cover plate is the most important heat dissipation area in the conventional non-full-covering type heat preservation structure, the heat dissipation capacity of the area is up to more than about 75 percent of the total heat dissipation, the battery cover plate is a short plate of the traditional non-full-coverage heat insulation structure, and the full-coverage structure can obviously reduce the heat dissipation at the cover plate; the cover plate provided by the invention further greatly improves the overall heat insulation effect of the heat insulation shell under the action of the cooperation of the aerogel heat insulation cylinder and the aerogel heat insulation block, and prolongs the heat life of the thermal battery. Under the embedded aerogel's of vacuum cavity the condition, the heat preservation effect promotes about 28.5%, can also further reduce the surface temperature of battery case 1 especially battery apron 4 department simultaneously, reaches the effect of dual enhancement heat preservation performance, has prolonged the heat life of thermal battery.
Preferably, the aerogel thermal insulation cylinder 5 and the aerogel thermal insulation block 6 are both made of nano silica aerogel or nano zirconia aerogel.
Preferably, the infrared radiation reflecting layer 3 is a thin film layer with a thickness of 1-100 μm, and the thin film layer is attached to the inner wall surface of the battery outer shell 1 and the outer wall surface of the battery inner shell 2 through electroplating or evaporation.
Compared with the traditional method of fixing the metal foil on the surface of the shell in a spot welding manner, the method has higher adhesion strength in an electroplating or evaporation manner, and can avoid the phenomenon that the metal foil warps or falls off due to low spot welding strength in mechanical environments such as vibration, acceleration, impact and the like of an infrared reflecting layer in a weapon system, for example, the battery inner shell 2 and the battery outer shell 1 are overlapped to form a high-heat-conduction thermal bridge, so that the thermal insulation failure is caused.
Preferably, the infrared radiation reflecting layer 3 is made of a reflective material, which is aluminum.
The reflecting material of the invention is aluminum, the aluminum with low radiation coefficient and high reflection coefficient is adopted, and compared with the traditional infrared reflecting layer materials such as gold foil, silver foil and other noble metal materials, the reflecting material has low price and is easier to popularize and apply.
Referring to fig. 1, a cavity of the vacuum insulation cavity 7 is provided with an air-breathing material 9, and the air-breathing material 9 is any one of or a combination of barium-aluminum alloy, barium-titanium alloy, zirconium-aluminum alloy, zirconium-nickel alloy and zirconium graphite.
The getter material 9 of the invention can not only absorb the gas released by the shell material due to the temperature rise in the working process of the thermal battery, but also continuously absorb the trace gas permeating into the vacuum heat-insulating cavity 7 during the storage period of the heat-insulating shell, thus being beneficial to the maintenance of the vacuum degree in the vacuum heat-insulating cavity 7 of the thermal battery, and further ensuring that the thermal battery has longer vacuum degree maintenance life.
Referring to fig. 1, an air outlet 10 is disposed at the bottom of the battery case 1.
And when the vacuum heat-preservation cavity is manufactured, the exhaust port is used for exhausting air.
Preferably, the battery outer case 1 and the battery inner case 2 are both made of a stainless material or an industrially pure titanium material.
The stainless steel material or the industrial pure titanium material not only has stronger corrosion resistance, but also has lower solid thermal conductivity than most other metals.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the battery cover plate 4 further includes a terminal 403 and a glass sealing body 404, the aerogel thermal insulation block 6 is composed of two semicircular single bodies 601, through holes 11 are formed in the upper cover plate 401, the lower cover plate 402 and the two semicircular single bodies 601, and the terminal 403 is inserted into the through hole 11 and fixed on the upper cover plate 401 and the lower cover plate 402 through the glass sealing body 404.
The battery cover plate, the aerogel thermal insulation block and the binding post are connected by the glass sealing body, so that the area between the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate and the area between the battery inner shell and the battery outer shell are both vacuum areas.
The application of the aerogel type heat-insulation shell embedded in the vacuum cavity for the thermal battery is characterized in that the aerogel type heat-insulation shell embedded in the vacuum cavity for the thermal battery is adopted to prepare the thermal battery, and the vacuum heat-insulation cavity 7 is arranged at the upper end, the lower end and the outer side of a battery pile 12.
Example 1
The battery outer shell 1 and the battery inner shell 2 are made of stainless steel 304 materials, a reflecting material of aluminum is plated on the inner wall of the battery outer shell 1 and the outer wall of the battery inner shell 2, the thickness of the reflecting material of aluminum is 100 mu m, a getter material of 9 barium-aluminum alloy is fixed in a vacuum cavity, and then the nano silicon dioxide aerogel heat-preservation cylinder 5 is arranged in the battery outer shell 1. After packing into battery inner shell 2 with assembled battery pile 12, cover battery apron 4, weld lower floor's apron 402 and battery inner shell 2 of battery apron 4 mutually, then pack into battery apron 4 with aerogel insulating block 6 between the lower floor, weld the upper cover plate 401 of battery apron 4 and the interior edge of apron outside ring 8 mutually, then to weld battery inner shell 2 after good, battery apron 4, nanometer silica aerogel insulating block 6, pack into aerogel heat preservation section of thick bamboo 5 and battery case 1 with the assembly of 8 four bibliographic categories of apron outside ring, weld the outer edge of apron outside ring 8 and battery case 1 mutually, accomplish the equipment of thermal battery promptly. And finally, performing vacuum exhaust and sealing on the assembled thermal battery to form a vacuum heat-insulating cavity 7.
Example 2
The battery outer shell 1 and the battery inner shell 2 are made of industrial pure titanium materials, a reflecting material aluminum is well evaporated on the inner wall of the battery outer shell 1 and the outer wall of the battery inner shell 2, the thickness of the reflecting material aluminum is 50 microns, a gas suction material 9 barium-titanium alloy is fixed in a vacuum cavity, and then the nano zirconium dioxide aerogel heat insulation cylinder 5 is installed in the battery outer shell 1. After packing into battery inner shell 2 with assembled battery pile 12, cover battery apron 4, weld lower floor's apron 402 and battery inner shell 2 of battery apron 4 mutually, then pack into battery apron 4 with nanometer zirconium dioxide aerogel insulating block 6 between the upper and lower floor, weld the upper cover plate 401 of battery apron 4 and the interior edge of apron outside ring 8 mutually, then to weld battery inner shell 2 after good, battery apron 4, aerogel insulating block 6, pack into aerogel heat preservation section of thick bamboo 5 and battery case 1 of the assembly of 8 four bibliographic categories of apron outside ring, weld the outer edge of apron outside ring 8 and battery case 1 mutually, accomplish the equipment of thermal battery promptly. And finally, performing vacuum exhaust and sealing on the assembled thermal battery to form a vacuum heat-insulating cavity 7.
Example 3
The battery outer shell 1 and the battery inner shell 2 are made of stainless steel 304 materials, a reflecting material aluminum is plated on the inner wall of the battery outer shell 1 and the outer wall of the battery inner shell 2, the thickness of the reflecting material aluminum is 20 micrometers, a gas suction material 9 zirconium-aluminum alloy is fixed in a vacuum cavity, and then the nano zirconium dioxide aerogel heat-preservation cylinder 5 is installed in the battery outer shell 1. After packing into battery inner shell 2 with assembled battery pile 12, cover battery apron 4, weld lower floor's apron 402 and battery inner shell 2 of battery apron 4 mutually, then pack into battery apron 4 with nanometer silica aerogel insulating block 6 between the upper and lower floor, weld the upper cover plate 401 of battery apron 4 and the interior edge of apron outside ring 8 mutually, then to weld battery inner shell 2 after good, battery apron 4, aerogel insulating block 6, pack into aerogel heat preservation section of thick bamboo 5 and battery case 1 of the assembly of 8 four bibliographic categories of apron outside ring, weld the outer edge of apron outside ring 8 and battery case 1 mutually, accomplish the equipment of thermal battery promptly. And finally, performing vacuum exhaust and sealing on the assembled thermal battery to form a vacuum heat-insulating cavity 7.
Example 4
The battery outer shell 1 and the battery inner shell 2 are made of industrial pure titanium materials, a reflecting material aluminum is evaporated on the inner wall of the battery outer shell 1 and the outer wall of the battery inner shell 2, the thickness of the reflecting material aluminum is 5 microns, a gas suction material 9 zirconium-nickel alloy is fixed in a vacuum cavity, and then the nano silicon dioxide aerogel heat-insulation cylinder 5 is installed in the battery outer shell 1. After packing into battery inner shell 2 with assembled battery pile 12, cover battery apron 4, weld lower floor's apron 402 and battery inner shell 2 of battery apron 4 mutually, then pack into battery apron 4 with nanometer zirconium dioxide aerogel insulating block 6 between the upper and lower floor, weld the upper cover plate 401 of battery apron 4 and the interior edge of apron outside ring 8 mutually, then to weld battery inner shell 2 after good, battery apron 4, aerogel insulating block 6, pack into aerogel heat preservation section of thick bamboo 5 and battery case 1 of the assembly of 8 four bibliographic categories of apron outside ring, weld the outer edge of apron outside ring 8 and battery case 1 mutually, accomplish the equipment of thermal battery promptly. And finally, performing vacuum exhaust and sealing on the assembled thermal battery to form a vacuum heat-insulating cavity 7.
Example 5
The battery outer shell 1 and the battery inner shell 2 are made of stainless steel 304 materials, reflection materials of aluminum are plated on the inner wall of the battery outer shell 1 and the outer wall of the battery inner shell 2, the thickness of the reflection materials is 1 mu m, air suction materials of 9 barium-aluminum alloy and zircon ink are fixed inside a vacuum cavity, and then a nano silicon dioxide aerogel heat preservation cylinder 5 is installed in the battery outer shell 1. After packing into battery inner shell 2 with assembled battery pile 12, cover battery apron 4, weld lower floor's apron 402 and battery inner shell 2 of battery apron 4 mutually, then pack into battery apron 4 with nanometer silica aerogel insulating block 6 between the upper and lower floor, weld the upper cover plate 401 of battery apron 4 and the interior edge of apron outside ring 8 mutually, then to weld battery inner shell 2 after good, battery apron 4, aerogel insulating block 6, pack into aerogel heat preservation section of thick bamboo 5 and battery case 1 of the assembly of 8 four bibliographic categories of apron outside ring, weld the outer edge of apron outside ring 8 and battery case 1 mutually, accomplish the equipment of thermal battery promptly. And finally, performing vacuum exhaust and sealing on the assembled thermal battery to form a vacuum heat-insulating cavity 7.
And (3) experimental comparison: the invention uses a simulated galvanic pile method to comparatively research the influence on the thermal insulation performance of a thermal battery when an aerogel thermal insulation material is singly adopted and an aerogel type thermal insulation shell is singly adopted in a vacuum cavity, the total volume of two thermal insulation structures is the same during the experiment, and the result is shown in figure 4.
A thermal battery simulation galvanic pile is assembled by taking an independent aerogel heat-insulating cylinder as a heat-insulating assembly as a control group, the change rule of the central temperature of the simulation galvanic pile along with time is tested, and the result shows that the central temperature of the simulation galvanic pile is reduced by 167.3 ℃ within 3600s, and the surface temperature of the half part of the height of the outer shell is increased to 97.5 ℃ from the initial 25 ℃ at most in the whole process.
The thermal battery simulation electric pile assembled by taking the vacuum cavity embedded aerogel type heat preservation shell prepared by the heat preservation structure of the embodiment 1-5 as a heat preservation assembly is taken as an experimental group, the change rule of the central temperature of the simulation electric pile along with time is tested, the average value of each parameter is calculated, the result shows that the temperature of the electric pile is reduced by 101.5 ℃ in 3600s, the reduction range is only 60.7% of that of a control group, the result shows that the central temperature reduction rate of the electric pile adopting the vacuum cavity embedded aerogel type heat preservation shell is obviously lower than that of the control group, and the result shows that: under the condition that the total volume of the heat preservation layer is the same, the aerogel type heat preservation shell embedded in the vacuum cavity has better heat preservation performance than an independent aerogel heat preservation cylinder, and the heat service life of the thermal battery can be greatly prolonged. In addition, the average value of the surface temperature at the half height of the outer shell of the heat-insulating structure in the embodiment 1-5 in the whole testing process is increased from the initial 25 ℃ to 70.1 ℃ at most, and the increase amplitude is only 62.2% of that of the control group, which shows that the heat-insulating structure with the aerogel embedded in the vacuum cavity can obviously inhibit the increase of the surface temperature of the electric pile.
The foregoing is illustrative of the preferred embodiments of this invention, and it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the precise form disclosed herein and that various other combinations, modifications, and environments may be resorted to, falling within the scope of the concept as disclosed herein, either as described above or as apparent to those skilled in the relevant art. And that modifications and variations may be effected by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides an embedded aerogel type heat preservation casing of vacuum cavity for thermal cell which characterized in that: the solar cell comprises a cell outer shell (1), a cell inner shell (2), a reflection infrared radiation layer (3), a cell cover plate (4), an aerogel heat-preservation cylinder (5) and an aerogel heat-preservation block (6), wherein the cell inner shell (2) is installed in the middle of the inside of the cell outer shell (1), the reflection infrared radiation layer (3) is arranged on the inner wall of the cell outer shell (1) and the outer wall of the cell inner shell (2), the cell outer shell (1) surrounds the cell inner shell (2) to form a vacuum heat-preservation cavity (7), and the aerogel heat-preservation cylinder (5) is embedded in the cavity of the vacuum heat-preservation cavity (7) and is positioned between the reflection infrared radiation layer (3) on the inner wall of the cell outer shell (1) and the reflection infrared radiation layer (3) on the outer wall of the cell;
battery apron (4) include upper cover plate (401) and lower floor's apron (402), lower floor's apron (402) with the top of battery inner shell (2) is connected, upper cover plate (401) through apron outside ring (8) with the top of battery case (1) is connected, aerogel insulating block (6) are located between upper cover plate (401) and lower floor's apron (402).
2. The embedded aerogel type heat preservation housing in vacuum chamber for thermal battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: the aerogel heat-insulating cylinder (5) and the aerogel heat-insulating block (6) are both made of nano silicon dioxide aerogel or nano zirconium dioxide aerogel.
3. The embedded aerogel type heat preservation housing in vacuum chamber for thermal battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: the infrared radiation reflecting layer (3) is a thin film layer with the thickness of 1-100 mu m, and the thin film layer is attached to the inner wall surface of the battery outer shell (1) and the outer wall surface of the battery inner shell (2) through electroplating or evaporation.
4. The embedded aerogel type heat preservation housing in vacuum chamber for thermal battery according to claim 3, characterized in that: the infrared radiation reflecting layer (3) is made of a reflecting material, and the reflecting material is aluminum.
5. The embedded aerogel type heat preservation housing in vacuum chamber for thermal battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: the vacuum heat-insulating cavity (7) is characterized in that a gas suction material (9) is arranged in the cavity, and the gas suction material (9) is any one or combination of barium-aluminum alloy, barium-titanium alloy, zirconium-aluminum alloy, zirconium-nickel alloy and zirconium graphite.
6. The embedded aerogel type heat preservation housing in vacuum chamber for thermal battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: and an exhaust port (10) is formed at the bottom of the battery shell (1).
7. The embedded aerogel type heat preservation housing in vacuum chamber for thermal battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: the battery outer shell (1) and the battery inner shell (2) are both made of stainless steel materials or industrial pure titanium materials.
8. The embedded aerogel type heat preservation housing in vacuum chamber for thermal battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: battery apron (4) still include terminal (403) and glass sealing body (404), aerogel heat preservation piece (6) comprise two semicircle monomer (601), upper cover plate (401), lower floor apron (402) and two through-hole (11) have been seted up on semicircle monomer (601), terminal (403) are worn to locate through-hole (11) are fixed through glass sealing body (404) on upper cover plate (401) and lower floor apron (402).
9. The utility model provides an application of embedded aerogel type heat preservation casing of vacuum cavity for thermal battery which characterized in that: thermal battery prepared by using the thermal battery according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the vacuum chamber is embedded with an aerogel type thermal insulation casing, and the vacuum thermal insulation chambers (7) are arranged at the upper end, the lower end and the outer side of the battery electric pile (12).
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| CN114361670A (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2022-04-15 | 重庆长安新能源汽车科技有限公司 | Upper cover structure of power battery pack for vehicle |
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| CN111525049B (en) | 2022-08-02 |
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