WO2020043714A1 - Procédé d'alimentation en gaz pour la fabrication de noyaux de coulée dans un matériau de moulage introduit dans une boîte à noyau, au moyen d'un gaz catalytique - Google Patents

Procédé d'alimentation en gaz pour la fabrication de noyaux de coulée dans un matériau de moulage introduit dans une boîte à noyau, au moyen d'un gaz catalytique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020043714A1
WO2020043714A1 PCT/EP2019/072821 EP2019072821W WO2020043714A1 WO 2020043714 A1 WO2020043714 A1 WO 2020043714A1 EP 2019072821 W EP2019072821 W EP 2019072821W WO 2020043714 A1 WO2020043714 A1 WO 2020043714A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
catalyst
compressed air
gas
core box
temperature
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2019/072821
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Rolf SÜSSMANN
Klaus Arnold
Original Assignee
Fritz Winter Eisengiesserei Gmbh & Co. Kg
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fritz Winter Eisengiesserei Gmbh & Co. Kg filed Critical Fritz Winter Eisengiesserei Gmbh & Co. Kg
Publication of WO2020043714A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020043714A1/fr

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22CFOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C9/00Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
    • B22C9/12Treating moulds or cores, e.g. drying, hardening
    • B22C9/123Gas-hardening
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22CFOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C13/00Moulding machines for making moulds or cores of particular shapes
    • B22C13/12Moulding machines for making moulds or cores of particular shapes for cores
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22CFOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C7/00Patterns; Manufacture thereof so far as not provided for in other classes
    • B22C7/06Core boxes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22CFOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C9/00Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
    • B22C9/10Cores; Manufacture or installation of cores

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for gassing core sand which has been shot into a core box for the production of pouring core and as a mixture of core sand, an organic binder and optionally
  • the gassing being carried out with a catalyst gas which is mixed from compressed air and a vaporous catalyst.
  • Casting cores used.
  • the casting cores are inserted into a casting mold provided for casting the casting, in order to form cavities, channels, lines and the like in the casting, or serve as external moldings which delimit the outside of the casting mold, which determines the shape of the casting.
  • the casting cores arranged inside the casting mold are generally so-called “lost cores”, which are destroyed when the casting is removed from the mold.
  • “permanent cores” that can be used repeatedly are used as outer molded parts and are retained when the casting is removed from the mold.
  • casting molds so-called “core packages”, are also used, which consist entirely of
  • Casting cores are composed. There are various processes and materials for the production of the cores. A process which is widely used is the cold box process (see for example DE 24 13 537 A1).
  • the binder system is typically isocyanate and phenolic resin, which in the casting core formed from the core sand become polyurethane and thus the cohesion of the grains of the core sand via one for pouring off the molten metal in the respective mold
  • the molding material In order to be able to process the molding material industrially, the molding material must be storable for several hours. In order to achieve rapid production nevertheless, after the cores have been formed from the molding material, their curing is reduced to a few seconds by a catalyst in gaseous form.
  • amines are used as the catalyst (see
  • the casting core production using the gold box process proceeds as follows (see
  • the molding material is placed in a firing hood placed over the core box and shot into the cavity of the core box through openings in the core box by means of a compressed air blast.
  • a preheated compressed air / amine mixture is blown into the core box as the catalyst gas.
  • a gassing plate which carries injection nozzles and is set up to distribute the catalyst gas flowing into it onto the injection nozzles, is placed on the core box in such a way that the injection nozzles reach into the openings in the core box and so that
  • the catalyst gas leaves the outflow openings in the core box and is collected to be disposed of or prepared for reuse.
  • the core box is flushed with heated compressed air in order to drive out the amines which may be left there and to bring the curing process to a conclusion quickly by applying heat.
  • the core box is opened and the finished, now dimensionally stable core can be removed from the core box.
  • the respective amine is evaporated and mixed with the compressed air in a mixing device.
  • a predosed amount of amine is, for example, placed in a mixing chamber filled with compressed air and heated there, so that the amine evaporates in the compressed air.
  • the catalyst gas thus formed is fed via lines to the core box.
  • An alternative mixing method is Compressed air passed through a water heater and amine in the hot
  • Forming material containing binder accelerating amine is more guaranteed. This condensation can be so strong that larger accumulations of liquid amine form in the area of the injection nozzles, which considerably impair the penetration of the molding material with the catalyst. The consequence of this is that in practice, significantly longer cycle times are required for the curing process than would be the case with an optimal flow of the molding material with a constant gaseous catalyst.
  • the cycle time required for gassing the core box with the catalyst gas is lengthened, so that significantly longer flushing times are required to drive condensed amine out of the core box than with amine kept in the gas phase.
  • a method according to the invention for the gassing of molding material which has been injected into a core box for the production of a casting core and is present from a mixture of a core sand, an organic binder and optionally an additive, with a catalyst gas , which is a mixture of compressed air and a catalyst,
  • the catalyst provided in liquid form is introduced into the heated and pressurized compressed air stream with the formation of steam,
  • the amount of catalyst introduced into the compressed air stream is set such that the concentration KK of catalyst in the catalyst gas is below a limit concentration UEG (T) applicable to the respective catalyst, and
  • Core box directed, which is coupled to the core box for this purpose.
  • the catalyst is continuously injected into the heated and pressurized compressed air stream as a regulated volume flow of catalyst
  • Compressed air quantity injected in order to generate the catalyst gas but the catalyst is also at least also temperature-dependent and mixed with the preheated compressed air stream.
  • the temperature measurement takes place in the critical area between the point at which the catalyst is added and the entry into the mold cavity of the core box.
  • the temperature-controlled addition of the catalyst to the compressed air according to the invention ensures, on the one hand, that only ever so much
  • Catalyst liquid is introduced into the compressed air that the critical concentration limit UEG, the so-called “lower intervention limit", from which a potentially explosive air-catalyst mixture would be present, is certainly not exceeded.
  • the critical concentration limit UEG the so-called “lower intervention limit” from which a potentially explosive air-catalyst mixture would be present
  • the concentration limit UEG for im used in an industrial environment determines mixtures of substances that are used in an explosive environment or that can themselves be explosive. Accordingly, they are usually in the form of
  • Concentration limits UEG for substances that are used as catalysts in the production of casting cores using the cold box process are known as standard.
  • Catalyst portion is added to a certain volume of compressed air in one fell swoop, but catalyst is added during the gassing, in particular continuously, in a manner according to the invention, ensures that a sufficient amount of catalyst for the hardening of the molding material gets into the core box even when the concentration of the
  • Catalyst gas is controlled such that the partial pressure of the catalyst in the catalyst gas is always below a limit pressure at which
  • the volume flow of the catalyst gas flowing to the core box can also be measured.
  • Compressed air volume flow is superimposed by the temperature-dependent regulation of the concentration of the catalyst in the catalyst gas and is interdependent with the temperature-dependent regulation. If it turns out that in order to avoid the formation of condensate, the compressed air volume flow has to be reduced in order to reduce the pressure, this would increase the catalyst concentration in the catalyst gas with a constant, unregulated admixture during the generation of the catalyst gas
  • Concentration limit UEG could result.
  • the concentration of the catalyst in the catalyst gas is always set in a temperature-dependent manner in such a way that the concentration limit LEL is not exceeded, this effect cannot occur in the process according to the invention.
  • both temperature and pressure-dependent regulation of the composition of the catalyst gas according to the invention takes place on the one hand and its pressure on the other hand, short hardening times, correspondingly short cycle times and correspondingly maximized productivity during production can thus be carried out in a particularly reliable manner from G confusekemen.
  • the method according to the invention is characterized in particular in that the compressed air temperature of the compressed air stream mixed with the catalyst and of the catalyst gas mixed from the heated compressed air stream and the catalyst can typically be more than 120 ° C. and up to 350 ° C.
  • 1 bar overpressure corresponds to a pressure of 2 bar absolute.
  • Particularly suitable catalysts in the process according to the invention are amines from the group "dimethylethylamine (DMEA), dimethylpropylamine (DMPA), triethylamine (TEA), dimethylisopropylamine (DMIPA)".
  • DMEA dimethylethylamine
  • DMPA dimethylpropylamine
  • TAA triethylamine
  • DMIPA dimethylisopropylamine
  • the temperature to which the catalyst is heated before the injection is preferably 20-250 ° C.
  • the manner according to the invention allows gassing core boxes which have not only one but several mold cavities for the simultaneous production of two or more casting cores to be gassed without further ado.
  • Catalyst has been introduced into the core box via the catalyst gas formed from it and the heated and pressurized compressed air stream, the injection of the catalyst into the compressed air stream is ended.
  • Core box emerging gas mixture is below a limit concentration below which the catalyst no longer has an environmentally harmful effect.
  • the gas mixture escaping until this limit value is reached is collected in a manner known per se and sent for processing or disposal.
  • the invention thus proposes a method for the gassing of molding material shot into a core box for the production of a casting core, which is mixed from a core sand, an organic binder and optionally an additive, with a catalyst gas present as a mixture of compressed air and a catalyst.
  • a catalyst gas present as a mixture of compressed air and a catalyst.
  • the compressed air is heated to a compressed air temperature and pressurized.
  • the liquid catalyst is introduced into the heated and pressurized compressed air stream and evaporates in it.
  • the amount of catalyst introduced is adjusted so that the concentration KK of catalyst in the catalyst gas is below a limit concentration LEL (T).
  • T limit concentration LEL
  • the invention proposes to continuously inject the catalyst as a regulated volume flow of catalyst into the heated and pressurized compressed air stream during the gassing, at least the temperature of the catalyst gas, preferably also its pressure and optionally also its volume flow to be recorded before it enters the core box and that in the respective
  • Compressed air volume flow injected catalyst volume flow at least as a function of the detected temperature of the catalyst gas
  • KK ⁇ LEL (T) preferably in addition, depending on its detected pressure and optionally on its detected volume flow, to be regulated such that KK ⁇ LEL (T) always applies to the concentration KK of the catalyst in the catalyst gas.
  • Fig. 1 shows a device for gassing in a core box
  • FIG. 2 shows a diagram in which the concentration of an amine used here as a catalyst in a catalyst gas is plotted against the temperature
  • FIG. 3 shows a vapor pressure diagram for an amine used as a catalyst in the gassing in the device according to FIG. 1.
  • the device 1 for gassing is on a conventionally constructed
  • molding material FS which is mixed from a conventional core sand that has been tried and tested for this purpose and a binder, is shot into a mold cavity 2 of a core box 3 that is also conventionally designed.
  • the core box 3 has an upper core box half 4, which sits on a lower core box half 5, from which it can be removed to open the core box 3 and remove the casting core formed in the core box 3.
  • Conventional injection nozzles 6, for example, for blowing in catalyst gas KG are provided in the upper box half 4 in a conventional manner.
  • venting nozzles 7 are likewise arranged in the lower half of the box 5, via which the catalyst gas KG blown into the core box 3 is discharged in the usual way as a gas mixture GA from the germ box 3 and fed to a disposal or treatment.
  • Core box 3 is a so-called fumigation device 8
  • a supply line 10 opens, via which the catalyst gas KG or compressed air DL is passed into the distribution chamber 9 during the gassing and via the injection nozzles 6 into the molding material FS in the mold cavity 2 of the core box 3.
  • At least one temperature measurement sensor 11 known per se for this purpose and at least one pressure measurement sensor 12 also known per se for this purpose are arranged in the distribution space 9.
  • Temperature measurement sensor 11 and the pressure measurement sensor 12 record in
  • the walls of the gassing device 8 bordering the distributor space 9 are covered with thermal insulation in order to prevent heat losses in the
  • Thermal insulation can be combined with a heater which is designed to prevent heat migration from the catalyst gas KG via the wall of the gassing device 8 into the environment.
  • the supply line 10 is thermally insulated and optionally heated to ensure that the temperature of the
  • Supply line 10 flowing gases (catalyst gas KG or compressed air DL) remains largely constant.
  • the supply line 10 is connected to a compressed air supply 14, which directs the compressed air flow DL to which a certain excess pressure PL is applied into the supply line 10.
  • the supply line 10 leads through a controllable, designed as a conventional heat exchanger
  • Heating device 15 from which the compressed air flow DL flowing through the supply line 10 is heated to a certain temperature.
  • Heating device 15 is connected via a control line 16 to the evaluation and
  • Control device 13 connected.
  • a control valve 17 is arranged, through which the through Supply line 10 flowing compressed air flow DL is regulated.
  • the control valve 17 is also via a control line 18 to the evaluation and
  • Control device 13 connected. In the direction of flow behind the control valve 17 and before the mouth of the supply line 10 in the distribution space 9 of the gassing device 8, the supply line 10 passes an injection device 19, which for injecting catalyst KS into the flow through the supply line 10
  • Compressed air flow DL is formed.
  • the injection device 19 has adjustable injection nozzles 20 with respect to the catalytic converter volume flow KV, which can be designed in the manner of the injection nozzles known from internal combustion engines.
  • the injection nozzles 20 are connected via a control line 21 to the evaluation and control device 13 and connected via a supply line 22 to a tank 23 in which the catalytic converter KS, which is comparable in terms of its flowability to water or gasoline, is stored.
  • the heating device 24 is also connected to the evaluation and control device 13 via a control line 25.
  • the compressed air flow DL flowing through the supply line 10 is detected by a flow measurement sensor 26, which is arranged in the flow direction S after the control valve 17 and before the injection device 19 in the supply line 10.
  • the flow measurement sensor 26 likewise delivers its measurement results to the evaluation and control device 13.
  • the injection device 19 jets the during the gassing operation
  • control signals set catalyst volume flow KV in the compressed air flow DL passing through the injection device 19, so that from the compressed air flow DL and the catalyst KS injected into it
  • Injection device 19 flows in the supply line 10 to the distribution space 9 of the gassing device 8.
  • the catalyst KS is heated in such a way that it is completely evaporated when the catalyst KS is injected into the compressed air stream DL when it enters the compressed air stream DL and there is no significant temperature change with respect to the temperature of the compressed air stream DL arriving at the injector 19 that the temperature of the catalyst gas KG flowing into the distribution space 9 is equal to the temperature of the compressed air flow DL.
  • the binder which is mixed into the molding material FS is, for example, phenolic resin and isocyanate.
  • the catalyst KS used to accelerate the curing process of the molding material FS in the mold cavity 2 of the core box 3 is, for example, commercially available dimethylpropylamine (“DMPA”) C 5 H 13 N.
  • the temperature and pressure are dependent on the temperature and pressure in a manner known per se in accordance with the ATEX regulations
  • Limit concentration LEL (T) has been determined above which an explosive mixture of catalyst KS and air is present. The same is true
  • the limit concentrations UEG (T) and OEG (T) limit up and down the range in which, depending on the respective temperature, the concentrations KK of the catalyst KS are in the compressed air flow DL, in which an ignitable catalyst gas KG mixed from the compressed air flow DL and the catalyst KS would be present and which as such must not be reached.
  • FIG. 3 shows the vapor pressure diagram applicable to DM PA, which is usually provided by the manufacturer or created in the laboratory.
  • the temperature-dependent critical vapor pressure PG emerges from the vapor pressure diagram; if it is exceeded, the previously gaseous DM PA passes into the liquid phase.
  • the course of the critical limit concentration UEG (T) and the course of the limit pressure PG are stored in the evaluation and control device 13 as process parameters in a form prepared in terms of data technology.
  • compressed air DL which is constantly supplied in a certain volume flow, is first heated by the compressed air supply 14 when flowing through the heating device 15 to, for example, 180-190 ° C. and passed into the distribution space 9 of the gassing device 8.
  • volume flow supplied is as follows
  • the temperature measurement sensor 11 detects the actual temperature TJST of the compressed air DL entering the distribution space 9 and reports this to the evaluation and control device 13.
  • the pressure measurement sensor 12 detects the actual pressure PJST of the pressure air DL formed in the distribution space 9
  • Atmosphere and reports this to the evaluation and control device 13.
  • Limit concentration UEG (T) is and on the other hand is set so that the partial pressure of the catalyst KS in the catalyst gas KG within a
  • Range is in which the critical limit pressure PG is not exceeded, in which it is therefore ensured that the catalyst KS is vaporous.
  • the evaluation and control device 13 sends a control signal to the control valve 17, which then narrows the flow cross section of the supply line 10 accordingly until that of the flow measurement sensor 26 determined compressed air flow DL corresponds to the target specification and, along with this, the pressure PJST has reached a value at which a distance to the
  • Limit pressure PG exists.
  • the evaluation and control device 13 gives control signals to the injection nozzles 20 in order to reduce the catalyst volume flow KV injected into the compressed air flow DL to such an extent that the concentration of catalyst KS in the catalyst gas KG is safely below the critical limit concentration LEL despite the reduced compressed air flow DL (T) lies.
  • the gassing is carried out until one for the accelerated hardening of the molding material FS contained in the mold cavity 2 of the core box 3 sufficient amount of catalyst gas KG is passed through the core box 3. Thereafter, the mold cavity 2 is rinsed with pure compressed air DL "in order still present in the molding material FS residues of the catalyst from the KS
  • injected compressed air DL kept the temperature of the molding material FS contained in the core box 3 at a level which is favorable for its accelerated curing.
  • Compressed air purging is continued » until the concentration of catalyst KS in the emerging gas mixture GA falls below a limit value » which means that » no volatile catalyst KS is left in the core boxes 3 and the molding material contained in them in quantities that are harmful to health or the environment FS exits.
  • Molding FS forms a casting core "of, for example, when casting an engine block, not shown here for a combustion engine of a
  • Cast iron material depicts a water jacket or a similar cavity in the engine block casting.
  • the inventive approach succeeds "even particularly large cores safe and produce high-quality" such as those harder for the casting of truck engines and the like are required in series production.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé d'alimentation en gaz pour la fabrication d'un noyau de coulée dans un matériau de moulage (FS) introduit dans une boîte à noyau (3), au moyen d'un gaz catalytique (KG) qui est obtenu par mélange d'air comprimé (DL) et d'un catalyseur (KS). Avant le mélange, l'air comprimé (DL) est chauffé à une température d'air comprimé et soumis à une surpression (PL). Le catalyseur (KS) liquide est introduit dans le flux d'air comprimé (DL) et vaporisé. La quantité de catalyseur introduite est ajustée de telle manière que la concentration KK en catalyseur (KS) dans le gaz de catalyseur (KG) est inférieure à une concentration limite UEG(T). Le gaz catalytique (KG) est dirigé vers la boîte à noyau (3) par un dispositif d'alimentation en gaz (8) raccordé à la boîte à noyau (3). L'invention vise à ce qu'un tel procédé permette d'obtenir des temps de durcissement réduits au minimum et une productivité élevée. À cet effet, pendant l'alimentation en gaz, le catalyseur (KS) est injecté en continu sous la forme d'un flux volumique de catalyseur (KV) régulé dans le flux d'air comprimé (DL) chauffé et soumis à une pression, au moins la température (TJST) du gaz catalytique (KG) et de préférence également sa pression et son flux volumique sont détectés avant son entrée dans la boîte à noyau (3), et le flux volumique de catalyseur (KV) injecté dans le flux volumique d'air comprimé (DL) concerné est régulé en fonction de la température (TJST) détectée du gaz catalytique (KG) de telle manière que pour la concentration KK en catalyseur (KS) dans le gaz catalytique (KG) s'applique toujours la relation KK < UEG(T).
PCT/EP2019/072821 2018-08-28 2019-08-27 Procédé d'alimentation en gaz pour la fabrication de noyaux de coulée dans un matériau de moulage introduit dans une boîte à noyau, au moyen d'un gaz catalytique WO2020043714A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102018120993.2 2018-08-28
DE102018120993.2A DE102018120993A1 (de) 2018-08-28 2018-08-28 Verfahren zur Begasung von für die Herstellung von Gießkernen in einen Kernkasten eingeschossenem Formstoff mit einem Katalysatorgas

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WO2020043714A1 true WO2020043714A1 (fr) 2020-03-05

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WO (1) WO2020043714A1 (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4032635A1 (fr) * 2021-01-22 2022-07-27 Hänsel, Helge Dispositif d'alimentation d'un outil de formation de noyau par un gaz durcisseur

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DE2413537A1 (de) 1974-03-21 1975-10-02 Michel Horst Werner Ing Grad Verfahren und vorrichtung zur kernherstellung fuer giessereizwecke im cold-boxverfahren
EP0128974A1 (fr) 1983-06-16 1984-12-27 Harald Steffens Giessereimaschinen Machine à mouler pour la production de moules ou noyaux de sable de moulage
EP0229959A1 (fr) * 1985-12-19 1987-07-29 Werner Lüber Dispositif pour durcir des noyaux de fonderie
EP1375031A1 (fr) * 2002-06-17 2004-01-02 Lüber GmbH Procédé et dispositif pour durcir des noyaux de fonderie
US20080217801A1 (en) * 2006-09-29 2008-09-11 Schneider James T Apparatus for forming aggregate composite forms
EP2848332A1 (fr) * 2013-09-11 2015-03-18 Lüber GmbH Dispositif et procédé pour durcir des noyaux de fonderie
WO2016165916A1 (fr) 2015-04-14 2016-10-20 Huttenes Albertus France Composition de résine phénolique pour une utilisation dans le procédé boîte froide de polyurethane et/ou le procédé durcissant à froid et systèmes de liant à deux composants correspondants, applications et procédé

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DE2413537A1 (de) 1974-03-21 1975-10-02 Michel Horst Werner Ing Grad Verfahren und vorrichtung zur kernherstellung fuer giessereizwecke im cold-boxverfahren
EP0128974A1 (fr) 1983-06-16 1984-12-27 Harald Steffens Giessereimaschinen Machine à mouler pour la production de moules ou noyaux de sable de moulage
EP0229959A1 (fr) * 1985-12-19 1987-07-29 Werner Lüber Dispositif pour durcir des noyaux de fonderie
EP1375031A1 (fr) * 2002-06-17 2004-01-02 Lüber GmbH Procédé et dispositif pour durcir des noyaux de fonderie
US20080217801A1 (en) * 2006-09-29 2008-09-11 Schneider James T Apparatus for forming aggregate composite forms
EP2848332A1 (fr) * 2013-09-11 2015-03-18 Lüber GmbH Dispositif et procédé pour durcir des noyaux de fonderie
WO2016165916A1 (fr) 2015-04-14 2016-10-20 Huttenes Albertus France Composition de résine phénolique pour une utilisation dans le procédé boîte froide de polyurethane et/ou le procédé durcissant à froid et systèmes de liant à deux composants correspondants, applications et procédé

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BOENISCH D ET AL: "DAS COLDBOX-PLUS-VERFAHREN-GRUNDLAGEN UND PERSPEKTIVEN EINER MODERNEN KERNFERTIGUNG", GIESSEREI,, vol. 76, no. 2, 23 January 1989 (1989-01-23), pages 35 - 41, XP000013179, ISSN: 0016-9765 *

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