WO2020034379A1 - 一种激光雷达的固态光源以及一种激光雷达 - Google Patents

一种激光雷达的固态光源以及一种激光雷达 Download PDF

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WO2020034379A1
WO2020034379A1 PCT/CN2018/110050 CN2018110050W WO2020034379A1 WO 2020034379 A1 WO2020034379 A1 WO 2020034379A1 CN 2018110050 W CN2018110050 W CN 2018110050W WO 2020034379 A1 WO2020034379 A1 WO 2020034379A1
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optical
solid
light source
state light
transmitters
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PCT/CN2018/110050
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French (fr)
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鲁开源
华一敏
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昂纳信息技术（深圳）有限公司
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Publication of WO2020034379A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020034379A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
    • G01S7/481—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
    • G01S7/4818—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements using optical fibres

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of radar devices, in particular to a solid-state light source of a laser radar and a laser radar.
  • the radar uses the emitted laser beam to detect the target's position, velocity, and other characteristic quantities. Its working principle is to first emit a detection laser beam to the target, and then compare the received signal reflected from the target with the transmitted signal for proper processing. , You can get information about the target, such as target distance, orientation, altitude, speed, attitude, and even shape and other parameters.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a solid-state light source of a lidar and a lidar to solve the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, and solve the problem that the existing lidar needs to be mechanically rotated.
  • the present invention provides a solid-state light source for a lidar.
  • the solid-state light source includes more than three light emitters and optical fibers, and further includes at least one optical amplifier.
  • the optical emitter is fused to the optical amplifier through an optical fiber.
  • the optical signals emitted by the optical fiber and the optical amplifier form an included angle, and the optical transmitters use the solid-state light source as a center to transmit optical signals to different angles.
  • optical signals emitted adjacently are arranged overlapping.
  • the preferred solution is that the included angles formed by each of the optical transmitters emitting optical signals through the optical fiber and the optical amplifier are the same.
  • the optical transmitters emit light signals at different angles with a center of a circle as a center.
  • the wavelength of the light emitter is 1550 ⁇ 15 nm.
  • the optical fiber is doped with a hafnium element and a hafnium element.
  • a preferred solution is that: one of the optical amplifiers is provided, and the optical transmitters are all disposed on the optical amplifiers; or the number of the optical amplifiers and the optical transmitters are the same, and the optical transmitters are respectively disposed on corresponding ones Optical amplifier.
  • the light emitter is a seed source.
  • the present invention also provides a lidar, which includes the solid-state light source as described above, the lidar further includes a light receiver and a processor, and the solid-state light source emits a light signal, which is transmitted to an external object after reflection.
  • An optical receiver that sends an optical signal to a processor, and the processor forms parameter information based on the optical signal.
  • the lidar includes a base provided with a ring-shaped side, and each light emitter of the solid-state light source is disposed on the ring-shaped side of the base and emits an optical signal outward.
  • the beneficial effect of the present invention is that, compared with the prior art, by designing a solid-state light source of a lidar and a lidar, the present invention covers a 360 ° scanning range by using light emitters of different wavelengths, and can work synchronously This method is suitable for the fields of automatic driving and 3D scanning.
  • the wavelength of the light emitter is in the range of 1550 ⁇ 15nm, the frequency is high, and it has human eye safety characteristics, and the damage threshold to the human eye is high.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a solid-state light source according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a 360 ° scanning range formed by the solid-state light source according to the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a structural block diagram of a laser radar of the present invention.
  • the present invention provides a preferred embodiment of a solid-state light source of a laser radar.
  • a solid-state light source 10 for a lidar includes more than three optical transmitters 1 and optical fibers, and further includes at least one optical amplifier 2.
  • the optical transmitter 1 is fused to the optical amplifier 2 through an optical fiber. Preferably, it is disposed at the front end of the optical amplifier 2 and emits an optical signal forming an angle through the optical fiber and the optical amplifier 2.
  • the optical transmitters 1 all use a solid-state light source as a center to emit optical signals to different angles, and, Preferably, the light emitters 1 all use the circle center of the solid-state light source 10 as a starting point, and emit optical signals toward different angles; or, the light emitter 1 does not use the same circle center as a starting point, but uses different points as starting points. In any case, the adjacently emitted optical signals can be overlapped to cover a 360 ° scanning range.
  • the left side of the optical amplifier 2 in FIG. 1 is the front end, and the right side is the rear end.
  • the optical transmitter 1 is a seed source with a wavelength within the c-band range and can generate continuous pulsed optical signals.
  • the optical amplifier 2 is used for Amplify the optical signal.
  • the included angle formed by all the optical transmitters 1 emitting optical signals through the optical fiber and the optical amplifier is fixed, and the included angles are the same, and the formed optical signals have the same angle with each other.
  • the angles of the light emitters 1 to each other are 90 degrees, and the formed optical signals are 90 degrees to each other; the light emitter 1 is provided with At five times, the angles of the light emitters 1 to each other are 72 degrees, and the formed optical signals are 72 degrees to each other.
  • the optical transmitter 1 works synchronously and emits an optical signal.
  • the optical signal passes through the optical amplifier 2, gain gain is obtained, and at this time, the optical power increases.
  • the increase of scanning points means that the more accurate and comprehensive the detection accuracy of the object is, it is of great significance to the vehicle-mounted equipment.
  • the wavelength of the optical transmitter 1 is 1550 ⁇ 15nm, the repetition frequency of the optical signal in this band can reach megahertz, and has a high water absorption coefficient.
  • the damage threshold is high, which can protect the human eye and prevent people from being harmed.
  • the chip used by the optical transmitter 1 can meet the requirements of different wavelengths, such as filtering and control. Abnormalities such as signal crossings occur, so the feedback signal has high accuracy.
  • the optical fiber is doped with a europium element and a europium element to transmit an optical signal to achieve gain amplification of the optical signal in a range of 1550 ⁇ 15 nm.
  • one optical amplifier 2 is provided, and the optical transmitters 1 are all disposed on the same optical amplifier 2, that is, the optical transmitters 1 are respectively fused to the optical path input ends of the optical amplifier 2, and then the optical amplifiers 2 The light output end of 2 emits, which can save material and also achieve gain amplification of the optical signal.
  • the number of the optical amplifiers 2 and the number of the optical receivers 1 are the same, and the optical transmitters 1 are respectively disposed on the corresponding optical amplifiers 2, and the optical amplifiers 2 respectively achieve gain amplification for the optical transmitters 1.
  • the present invention provides a preferred embodiment of a laser radar.
  • a laser radar includes the solid-state light source 10 as described above, the laser radar further includes a light receiver 30 and a processor 40, and the solid-state light source 10 emits a light signal.
  • the reflection from the external object 20 is transmitted to the optical receiver 30, which sends the optical signal to the processor 40, and the processor 40 forms parameter information according to the optical signal, for example, the size parameter of the external object 20, Distance parameters, etc., help users make judgments, and have broad application prospects in areas such as autonomous driving and 3D scanning.
  • the number of the light receivers 30 may be one, and the number of the light receivers 30 may be multiple, and the number of the light receivers 30 may be the same as the number of the light transmitters 1 to receive the reflection signals.
  • the lidar includes a base provided with a ring-shaped side, and each light emitter 1 of the solid-state light source is disposed on the ring-shaped side of the base and emits a light signal outward. At this time, the The base supports the light emitter 1.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Optical Radar Systems And Details Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

一种激光雷达的固态光源（10）以及一种激光雷达，该固态光源包括三个以上光发射器（1）和光纤，还包括至少一个光放大器（2）。光发射器通过光纤熔接在光放大器上，并经过光纤、光放大器向外发射构成一夹角的光信号。光发射器均以固态光源为中心向不同角度发射光信号。通过不同波长的光发射器覆盖360°的扫描范围，并且可采用同步工作的方式，适用于自动驾驶和3D扫描等领域。

Description

一种激光雷达的固态光源以及一种激光雷达 技术领域
本发明涉及雷达装置领域，具体涉及一种激光雷达的固态光源以及一种激光雷达。
 背景技术
雷达是以发射激光光束来探测目标的位置、速度等特征量，其工作原理是先向目标发射探测激光光束，然后将接收到的从目标反射回来的信号与发射信号进行比较，作适当处理后，就可获得目标的有关信息，例如目标距离、方位、高度、速度、姿态、甚至形状等参数。
目前大部分激光雷达采用机械扫描方式，光源在发射激光的同时随着机械装置进行360度旋转。长期工作会引起机械结构的磨损，导致激光雷达使用寿命降低。
对于现有的激光雷达，若设有多个不同波长的光发射器，需要对芯片进行不同的设计，例如滤波和控制等方面，波长越多，对于芯片的要求越高，而现有技术无法满足上述要求。
 技术问题
本发明要解决的技术问题在于，针对现有技术的上述缺陷，提供一种激光雷达的固态光源以及一种激光雷达，解决现有激光雷达需要通过机械转动的问题。
 技术解决方案
为解决该技术问题，本发明提供一种激光雷达的固态光源，所述固态光源包括三个以上光发射器和光纤，还包括至少一个光放大器，所述光发射器通过光纤熔接在光放大器上，并经过光纤、光放大器向外发射构成一夹角的光信号，所述光发射器均以固态光源为中心向不同角度发射光信号。
其中，较佳方案是：相邻发射的所述光信号重叠设置。
其中，较佳方案是：每一所述光发射器经过光纤、光放大器向外发射光信号所构成的夹角相同。
其中，较佳方案是：所述光发射器均以一圆心为中心向不同角度发射光信号。
其中，较佳方案是：所述光发射器的波长为1550±15nm。
其中，较佳方案是：所述光纤掺杂有铒元素和镱元素。
其中，较佳方案是：所述光放大器设有一个，所述光发射器均设置于光放大器上；或者，所述光放大器和光发射器的数量一致，所述光发射器分别设置在对应的光放大器上。
其中，较佳方案是：所述光发射器为种子源。
本发明还提供一种激光雷达，所述激光雷达包括如上所述的固态光源，所述激光雷达还包括光接收器和处理器，所述固态光源发射光信号，经外界物体的反射后传输至光接收器，所述光接收器将光信号发送到处理器，所述处理器根据光信号形成参数信息。
其中，较佳方案是：所述激光雷达包括一设有一环形侧面的基座，所述固态光源的每一光发射器均设置在基座的环形侧面上，并向外发射光信号。
 有益效果
本发明的有益效果在于，与现有技术相比，本发明通过设计一种激光雷达的固态光源以及一种激光雷达，通过不同波长的光发射器覆盖360°的扫描范围，并且可采用同步工作的方式，适用于自动驾驶和3D扫描等领域；另外，所述光发射器的波长在1550±15nm范围内，频率高，并且具有人眼安全特性，对人眼的损伤阈值较高。
 附图说明
下面将结合附图及实施例对本发明作进一步说明，附图中：
图1是本发明固态光源的示意图；
图2是本发明固态光源形成360°扫描范围的示意图；
图3是本发明激光雷达的结构框图。
 本发明的最佳实施方式
现结合附图，对本发明的较佳实施例作详细说明。
 如图1和图2所示，本发明提供一种激光雷达的固态光源的优选实施例。
具体地，一种激光雷达的固态光源10，所述固态光源10包括三个以上光发射器1和光纤，还包括至少一个光放大器2，所述光发射器1通过光纤熔接在光放大器2上，优选设置于光放大器2的前端，并经过光纤、光放大器2向外发射构成一夹角的光信号，所述光发射器1均以固态光源作为中心，向不同角度发射光信号，并且，优选地，所述光发射器1均以固态光源10的圆心作为起点，朝向不同角度发射光信号；或者，所述光发射器1不以同一圆心作为起点，而是以不同的点作为起点。无论何种情况，所述相邻发射的光信号均能够重叠设置，覆盖360°的扫描范围。
例如，图1的光放大器2左边为前端，右边为后端，所述光发射器1为种子源，波长在c-band范围以内，能够产生连续的脉冲光信号，所述光放大器2用于放大光信号。
其中，所述光发射器1经过光纤、光放大器向外发射光信号所构成的夹角不同，相邻发射的所述光信号重叠设置，相互交叉，也能够覆盖360°的扫描范围。
取一优选方案，参考图2，所有所述光发射器1经过光纤、光放大器向外发射光信号所构成的夹角固定不变，并且夹角相同，形成的光信号相互之间角度相同，举例而言，所述光发射器1设有四个时，所述光发射器1相互之间的角度为90度，形成的光信号相互之间呈90度；所述光发射器1设有五个时，所述光发射器1相互之间的角度为72度，形成的光信号相互之间呈72度。从而，通过不同工作波长覆盖360°的扫描范围。所述光发射器1同步工作，发射出光信号，当光信号经过光放大器2后，获得增益放大，此时光功率增加。值得一提的是所述光发射器1越多，发出的信号光就越多，这样扫描的点就越多，反馈回来的信息量就越大，固态光源发出更多不同波长的光信号，扫描点的增加就意味着对于物体的探测精度越准确越全面，对于车载设备而言，具有重要意义。
其中，所述光发射器1的波长为1550±15nm，该波段的光信号的重复频率能够达到兆赫兹，而且具有较高的水吸收系数，当光信号辐射到人眼时，对人眼的损伤阈值较高，能够保护人眼，避免人受到伤害。当光发射器1越多，意味着发出越多不同波长的光信号，而本实施例中，所述光发射器1使用的芯片能够满足不同波长的要求，例如滤波和控制等方面，不会发生信号交叉等异常情况，从而反馈的信号精度高。
另外，所述光纤掺杂有铒元素和镱元素，进行光信号的传输，实现光信号在1550±15nm范围内增益放大。
优选地，所述光放大器2设有一个，所述光发射器1均设置于同一光放大器2上，即是将光发射器1分别熔接在光放大器2的光路输入端上，再从光放大器2的光路输出端射出，可节省材料，亦能实现光信号的增益放大。或者，所述光放大器2与光接收器1的数量相一致，所述光发射器1分别设置在对应的光放大器2上，所述光放大器2分别为光发射器1实现增益放大。
如图3所示，本发明提供一种激光雷达的较佳实施例。
具体地，参考图3，一种激光雷达，所述激光雷达包括如上所述的固态光源10，所述激光雷达还包括光接收器30和处理器40，所述固态光源10发射光信号，经外界物体20的反射后传输至光接收器30，所述光接收器30将光信号发送到处理器40，所述处理器40根据光信号形成参数信息，例如得出外界物体20的大小参数、距离参数等，有助于用户进行判断，在自动驾驶和3D扫描等领域具备广阔的应用前景。其中，所述光接收器30可为一个，接收反射信号；所述光接收器30亦可以为多个，并与光发射器1的数量相一致，分别接收反射信号。
进一步地，所述激光雷达包括一设有一环形侧面的基座，所述固态光源的每一光发射器1均设置在基座的环形侧面上，并向外发射光信号，此时，所述基座对光发射器1起支撑作用。
综上所述，以上仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并非用于限定本发明的保护范围。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所做的任何修改，等同替换，改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围内。   

Claims (10)

  1. 一种激光雷达的固态光源，其特征在于：所述固态光源包括三个以上光发射器和光纤，还包括至少一个光放大器，所述光发射器通过光纤熔接在光放大器上，并经过光纤、光放大器向外发射构成一夹角的光信号，所述光发射器均以固态光源为中心向不同角度发射光信号。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的固态光源，其特征在于：相邻发射的所述光信号重叠设置。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的固态光源，其特征在于：每一所述光发射器经过光纤、光放大器向外发射光信号所构成的夹角相同。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的固态光源，其特征在于：所述光发射器均以一圆心为中心向不同角度发射光信号。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的固态光源，其特征在于：所述光发射器的波长为1550±15nm。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的固态光源，其特征在于：所述光纤掺杂有铒元素和镱元素。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的固态光源，其特征在于：所述光放大器设有一个，所述光发射器均设置于光放大器上；或者，所述光放大器和光发射器的数量一致，所述光发射器分别设置在对应的光放大器上。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的固态光源，其特征在于：所述光发射器为种子源。
  9. 一种激光雷达，所述激光雷达包括如权利要求1至8任一所述的固态光源，其特征在于：所述激光雷达还包括光接收器和处理器，所述固态光源发射光信号，经外界物体的反射后传输至光接收器，所述光接收器将光信号发送到处理器，所述处理器根据光信号形成参数信息。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的激光雷达，其特征在于：所述激光雷达包括一设有一环形侧面的基座，所述固态光源的每一光发射器均设置在基座的环形侧面上，并向外发射光信号。
PCT/CN2018/110050 2018-08-13 2018-10-12 一种激光雷达的固态光源以及一种激光雷达 WO2020034379A1 (zh)

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CN201810918602.3A CN109061657A (zh) 2018-08-13 2018-08-13 一种激光雷达的固态光源以及一种激光雷达

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