WO2020034237A1 - 一种活塞驱动定位装置及方法 - Google Patents

一种活塞驱动定位装置及方法 Download PDF

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WO2020034237A1
WO2020034237A1 PCT/CN2018/101319 CN2018101319W WO2020034237A1 WO 2020034237 A1 WO2020034237 A1 WO 2020034237A1 CN 2018101319 W CN2018101319 W CN 2018101319W WO 2020034237 A1 WO2020034237 A1 WO 2020034237A1
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piston
motor
gear
grating
photoelectric switch
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PCT/CN2018/101319
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English (en)
French (fr)
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薛永
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南京福碧源环境技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2020034237A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020034237A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • G01B11/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/10—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters
    • H02K7/116—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with gears

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  • the invention relates to a piston positioning technology, in particular to a driving positioning device and method for a valve piston.
  • servo motor positioning is generally used for positioning.
  • the servo motor not only has very high positioning accuracy, but also can drive the travel distance very accurately.
  • the servo motor is expensive, the positioning accuracy and travel accuracy are too high, and the piston positioning and travel require general accuracy. Driving is a waste.
  • Chinese patent No. 201610532827.6 discloses a grating micro displacement detection device, which includes a grating displacement sensor, a circuit module, a main control module and a liquid crystal display screen.
  • the grating displacement sensor includes a light source, a scale grating, an indicator grating, and a photoelectric detection.
  • the front signal processing circuit, the scale grating is connected to the base, the light source, the indicating grating, the photodetector and the front signal processing circuit are usually integrated together as a grating reading head and connected to the moving parts;
  • the circuit The module includes a differential amplifier circuit, a filter circuit, a shaping and a judging circuit, which is used to determine the displacement direction and send the signal to the main control module for reversible counting and digital display;
  • the main control module counts the pulse signals measured by the grating Processed and fed back to the display part;
  • the LCD screen is used to display the basic information of the current grating displacement measurement, integrated with the main control module, combines embedded technology with grating moire fringe technology, and has Automatic measurement with intelligent, multi-functional, high-precision, long-distance measurement Features. But its structure is complex and costly.
  • the present invention provides a piston driving positioning device and method with simple structure and low cost.
  • a piston driving positioning device includes a motor, a motor gear, a piston gear, a piston, a U-shaped photoelectric switch, and a piston buckle.
  • the motor gear is mounted on a rotating shaft of the motor, and a grating is provided on the motor gear.
  • the piston The center of the gear is provided with a threaded hole, and the motor gear is in meshed connection with the piston gear; the outer surface of the piston is provided with an external thread, and one end of the piston passes through the piston gear through the cooperation between the threaded hole and the external thread,
  • the piston buckle is arranged on the piston; the U-shaped photoelectric switch is nested on the piston gear, and the grating is located between the light infrared transmitting tube and the infrared receiving tube of the U-shaped photoelectric switch.
  • a controller is further included, and the controller is respectively connected with the U-shaped photoelectric switch and the motor.
  • the gratings are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the piston gear.
  • the piston buckle is disposed on an end of the piston passing through the piston gear.
  • the grating is located between the infrared transmitting tube and the infrared receiving tube of the U-shaped photoelectric switch.
  • a positioning method for a piston-driven positioning device includes the following steps:
  • Step 1 Determine the initial position: When the piston buckle travels to the position of the piston gear, the piston gear is caught, thereby blocking the motor. When the motor is blocked, the motor current increases sharply. Determine whether the motor is blocked by detecting the motor current. When the motor is stalled, it is defined that the piston is now in the initial position.
  • Step 2 Determine the unit travel distance of the piston within a single pulse signal time: start the motor to drive the piston travel, detect the pulse signal of the grating on the piston gear through a U-shaped photoelectric switch, and measure the piston travel distance at the same time; according to the measurement, the piston travel distance and pulse are obtained Signal to obtain the unit travel distance of the piston within a single pulse signal time.
  • step 3 the number of infrared rays required for the travel distance is determined by the number of gratings: the number of pulse signals is determined according to the distance the piston is to travel and the unit travel distance of the piston within a single pulse signal time, and then the number of infrared rays required to travel through the grating is determined.
  • Step 4 positioning of the piston; when the piston moves, the piston gear rotates, the infrared transmitting tube of the U-shaped photoelectric switch emits infrared rays, and the infrared receiving tube receives the infrared rays passing through the grating at intervals.
  • the motor is stopped immediately, and the position of the piston is the desired position.
  • the unit travel distance of the piston within a single pulse signal time in step 2 is determined, it can be confirmed by traveling a distance from the initial position.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
  • the invention can drive and position the piston, and has simple structure and low cost.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a motor gear.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a piston gear structure.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a U-shaped photoelectric switch.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a piston driving positioning device according to the present invention.
  • a piston driving positioning device as shown in FIG. 4, includes a motor 3, a motor gear 1, a piston gear 2, a piston 4, a U-shaped photoelectric switch 5, a piston buckle 6, and a controller.
  • the motor gear 1 is fixedly installed on As shown in FIG. 1, on the rotating shaft of the motor 3, a grating 21 is provided on the motor gear 1, and the grating 21 is evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the piston gear 2. As shown in FIG.
  • the center of the piston gear 2 is provided with a threaded hole 22, and the motor gear 1 is in meshed connection with the piston gear 2; an external surface of the piston 4 is provided with an external thread, and the external thread is used for traveling One end of the piston 4 passes through the piston gear 2 through the cooperation between the threaded hole 22 and the external thread, and the piston snap 6 is provided on the piston 4, and the piston snap 6 is provided on the piston 4 through the piston One end of the gear 2; as shown in FIG.
  • the U-shaped photoelectric switch 5 is nested on the piston gear 2, and the grating 21 is located between the light infrared transmitting tube 51 and the infrared receiving tube 52 of the U-shaped photoelectric switch 5, The grating 21 is located between the infrared transmitting tube 51 and the infrared receiving tube 52 of the U-shaped photoelectric switch 5.
  • the controller is connected to the U-shaped photoelectric switch 5 and the motor 3 respectively.
  • the piston gear 2 has a grating 21 and a U-shaped photoelectric switch 5.
  • the piston gear 2 rotates, the infrared transmitting tube 51 of the U-shaped photoelectric switch 5 emits infrared rays, the infrared receiving tube 52 receives the infrared rays passing through the grating 21 at intervals, and the U-shaped photoelectric switch 5 outputs a pulse signal.
  • the controller detects and counts the corresponding number, it stops the motor immediately, and the position of the piston at this time For the desired position.
  • a positioning method for a piston-driven positioning device includes the following steps:
  • Step 1 Determine the initial position: When the piston buckle 6 travels to the position of the piston gear 2, the piston gear 2 is stuck, thereby blocking the motor 3. When the motor 3 is blocked, the current of the motor 3 increases sharply. The current determines whether the motor 3 is blocked. When the motor 3 is blocked, it is defined that the piston 4 is at the initial position at this time.
  • Step 2 Determine the unit travel distance of piston 4 within a single pulse signal time: start the motor 3 to drive the piston 4 to travel, detect the pulse signal of the grating 21 on the piston gear 2 through the U-shaped photoelectric switch 5, and measure the travel distance of the piston 4 at the same time; The distance traveled by the piston 4 and the pulse signal are measured to obtain the unit travel distance of the piston 4 within a single pulse signal time.
  • the unit travel distance of the piston 4 in a single pulse signal time in step 2 is determined, it can be confirmed by traveling a distance at the initial position.
  • Step 3 the infrared distance required for the travel distance is determined by the number of gratings: according to the distance the piston needs to travel and the unit travel distance of the piston 4 within a single pulse signal time, the number of pulse signals is determined, and then the required infrared distance through the grating is determined. .
  • Step 4 the piston travels and positions; when the piston 4 travels, the piston gear 2 rotates, the infrared transmitting tube 51 of the U-shaped photoelectric switch 5 emits infrared rays, and the infrared receiving tube 52 receives the infrared rays passing through the grating at intervals.
  • the infrared rays are detected to pass through the grating,
  • the motor 3 is stopped immediately, and the position of the piston 4 is the desired position.

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  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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Abstract

一种活塞驱动定位装置，包括电机(3)、电机齿轮(1)、活塞齿轮(2)、活塞(4)、U形光电开关(5)、活塞卡扣(6)，电机齿轮(1)与活塞齿轮(2)相啮合连接；活塞(4)的一端通过螺纹孔(22)与外螺纹之间的配合穿过活塞齿轮(2)，而活塞卡扣(6)设置于活塞(4)上；U形光电开关(5)嵌套在活塞齿轮(2)上。还公开了采用该装置的定位方法。该装置能够对活塞进行驱动定位，而且结构简单，成本低廉。

Description

一种活塞驱动定位装置及方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种活塞定位技术，尤其涉及一种阀门活塞的驱动定位装置及方法。
背景技术
在活塞运动中，常常需要对活塞进行定位来确保活塞的行进到正确位置。然而定位一般采用伺服电机定位，伺服电机不仅拥有非常高的定位精度，而且可以非常精确地驱动行进距离，但是伺服电机价格高昂，过高的定位精度以及行进精度对于精度需求一般的活塞定位与行进驱动来说是一种浪费。
申请号为201610532827.6的中国专利，公开了一种光栅微小位移检测装置，包括光栅位移传感器、电路模块、主控模块及液晶显示屏；所述光栅位移传感器包括光源、标尺光栅、指示光栅、光电探测器及前置信号处理电路，标尺光栅与基座相连接，光源、指示光栅、光电探测器及前置信号处理电路通常被集成在一起，作为光栅读数头，与运动部件相连接；所述电路模块包括差分放大电路、滤波电路、整形与判向电路，用于确定位移方向，并把信号送入主控模块进行可逆计数与数显工作；所述主控模块对光栅测量的脉冲信号进行计数处理并反馈给显示部分；所述液晶显示屏，用于显示当前光栅位移测量的基本信息，与主控模块集成在一起将嵌入式技术与光栅莫尔条纹技术相结合，具有用于微小位移的自动测量，具有智能化、多功能、高精度、可远距离测控等特点。但是其结构复杂，成本高昂。
发明内容
发明目的：为了克服现有技术中存在的不足，本发明提供一种结构简单、成本低廉的活塞驱动定位装置及方法。
技术方案：为实现上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案为：
一种活塞驱动定位装置，包括电机、电机齿轮、活塞齿轮、活塞、U形光电开关、活塞卡扣，所述电机齿轮安装在电机的转轴上，所述电机齿轮上设置有光栅，所述活塞齿轮的中心开设有螺纹孔，所述电机齿轮与活塞齿轮相啮合连接；所述活塞的外表面开设有外螺纹，所述活塞的一端通过螺纹孔与外螺纹之间的配合穿过活塞齿轮，而所述活塞卡扣设置于活塞上；所述U形光电开关嵌套在活塞齿轮上，且光栅位于U形光电开关的光红外发射管和红外接收管之间。
优选的：还包括控制器，所述控制器分别与U形光电开关和电机连接。
优选的：所述光栅沿活塞齿轮周向均匀分布。
优选的：所述活塞卡扣设置于活塞穿过活塞齿轮的一端上。
优选的：光栅位于U形光电开关的红外发射管和红外接收管中间。
一种活塞驱动定位装置的定位方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤1，初始位置确定：当活塞卡扣行进到活塞齿轮位置时，活塞齿轮被卡住，从而卡住电机，电机堵转时，电机电流急剧变大，通过检测电机电流来确定电机是否堵转，当电机堵转时，定义此时活塞位于初始位置。
步骤2，单个脉冲信号时间内活塞的单位行进距离确定：启动电机驱动活塞行进，通过U形光电开关检测活塞齿轮上光栅的脉冲信号，同时测量活塞的行进距离；根据测量得到活塞行进距离、脉冲信号，得到单个脉冲信号时间内活塞的单位行进距离。
步骤3，行进距离所需红外线通过光栅个数确定：根据活塞所要行进的距离以及单个脉冲信号时间内活塞的单位行进距离，确定脉冲信号个数，进而确定行进距离所需红外线通过光栅个数。
步骤4，活塞行进定位；当活塞行进时，活塞齿轮转动，U形光电开关的红外发射管发射红外线，红外接收管间隔性收到通过光栅的红外线，当检测到红外线通过光栅的个数为行进距离所需红外线通过光栅个数时，立即停止电机转动，此时活塞的位置为所需位置。
优选的：步骤2中单个脉冲信号时间内活塞的单位行进距离确定时，可通过在初始位置上行进一段距离进行确认。
本发明相比现有技术，具有以下有益效果：
本发明能够对活塞进行驱动定位，而且结构简单，成本低廉。
附图说明
图1为电机齿轮结构示意图。
图2为活塞齿轮结构示意图。
图3为U形光电开关结构示意图。
图4为本发明活塞驱动定位装置结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施例，进一步阐明本发明，应理解这些实例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围，在阅读了本发明之后，本领域技术人员对本发明的各种等价形式的修改均落于本申请所附权利要求所限定的范围。
一种活塞驱动定位装置，如图4所示，包括电机3、电机齿轮1、活塞齿轮2、活塞4、U形光电开关5、活塞卡扣6、控制器，所述电机齿轮1固定安装在电机3的转轴上，如图1所示，所述电机齿轮1上设置有光栅21，所述光栅21沿活塞齿轮2周向均匀分布。如图2所示，所述活塞齿轮2的中心开设有螺纹孔22，所述电机齿轮1与活塞齿轮2相啮合连接；所 述活塞4的外表面开设有外螺纹，该外螺纹用于行进，所述活塞4的一端通过螺纹孔22与外螺纹之间的配合穿过活塞齿轮2，而所述活塞卡扣6设置于活塞4上，所述活塞卡扣6设置于活塞4穿过活塞齿轮2的一端上；如图3所示，所述U形光电开关5嵌套在活塞齿轮2上，且光栅21位于U形光电开关5的光红外发射管51和红外接收管52之间，光栅21位于U形光电开关5的红外发射管51和红外接收管52中间。所述控制器分别与U形光电开关5和电机3连接。
当活塞卡扣6行进到活塞齿轮2位置时，活塞齿轮2被卡住，从而卡住电机3，电机3堵转时，电机电流急剧变大，通过检测电机3电流来确定电机3是否堵转，当电机3堵转时，定义此时活塞4位于初始位置。在活塞齿轮2上有光栅21与U形光电开关5。当活塞2行进时，活塞齿轮2转动，U形光电开关5的红外发射管51发射红外线，红外接收管52间隔性收到通过光栅21的红外线，U形光电开关5输出脉冲信号，计算每检测到一次的脉冲信号，活塞4行进的距离，根据活塞4需要行进的距离计算出需要检测到的脉冲信号个数，控制器检测计数到相应个数时，立即停止电机转动，此时活塞的位置为所需位置。
一种活塞驱动定位装置的定位方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤1，初始位置确定：当活塞卡扣6行进到活塞齿轮2位置时，活塞齿轮2被卡住，从而卡住电机3，电机3堵转时，电机3电流急剧变大，通过检测电机3电流来确定电机3是否堵转，当电机3堵转时，定义此时活塞4位于初始位置。
步骤2，单个脉冲信号时间内活塞4的单位行进距离确定：启动电机3驱动活塞4行进，通过U形光电开关5检测活塞齿轮2上光栅21的脉冲信号，同时测量活塞4的行进距离；根据测量得到活塞4行进距离、脉冲信号，得到单个脉冲信号时间内活塞4的单位行进距离。步骤2中单个脉冲信号时间内活塞4的单位行进距离确定时，可通过在初始位置上行进一段距离进行确认。
步骤3，行进距离所需红外线通过光栅个数确定：根据活塞所要行进的距离以及单个脉冲信号时间内活塞4的单位行进距离，确定脉冲信号个数，进而确定行进距离所需红外线通过光栅个数。
步骤4，活塞行进定位；当活塞4行进时，活塞齿轮2转动，U形光电开关5的红外发射管51发射红外线，红外接收管52间隔性收到通过光栅的红外线，当检测到红外线通过光栅的个数为行进距离所需红外线通过光栅个数时，立即停止电机3转动，此时活塞4的位置为所需位置。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出：对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发 明的保护范围。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种活塞驱动定位装置，其特征在于：包括电机(3)、电机齿轮(1)、活塞齿轮(2)、活塞(4)、U形光电开关(5)、活塞卡扣(6)，所述电机齿轮(1)安装在电机(3)的转轴上，所述电机齿轮(1)上设置有光栅(21)，所述活塞齿轮(2)的中心开设有螺纹孔(22)，所述电机齿轮(1)与活塞齿轮(2)相啮合连接；所述活塞(4)的外表面开设有外螺纹，所述活塞(4)的一端通过螺纹孔(22)与外螺纹之间的配合穿过活塞齿轮(2)，而所述活塞卡扣(6)设置于活塞(4)上；所述U形光电开关(5)嵌套在活塞齿轮(2)上，且光栅(21)位于U形光电开关(5)的光红外发射管(51)和红外接收管(52)之间。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述活塞驱动定位装置，其特征在于：还包括控制器，所述控制器分别与U形光电开关(5)和电机(3)连接。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述活塞驱动定位装置，其特征在于：所述光栅(21)沿活塞齿轮(2)周向均匀分布。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述活塞驱动定位装置，其特征在于：所述活塞卡扣(6)设置于活塞(4)穿过活塞齿轮(2)的一端上。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述活塞驱动定位装置，其特征在于：光栅(21)位于U形光电开关(5)的红外发射管(51)和红外接收管(52)中间。
  6. 一种采用权利要求1-5任一所述的活塞驱动定位装置的定位方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    步骤1，初始位置确定：当活塞卡扣(6)行进到活塞齿轮(2)位置时，活塞齿轮(2)被卡住，从而卡住电机(3)，电机(3)堵转时，电机(3)电流急剧变大，通过检测电机(3)电流来确定电机(3)是否堵转，当电机(3)堵转时，定义此时活塞(4)位于初始位置；
    步骤2，单个脉冲信号时间内活塞(4)的单位行进距离确定：启动电机(3)驱动活塞(4)行进，通过U形光电开关(5)检测活塞齿轮(2)上光栅(21)的脉冲信号，同时测量活塞(4)的行进距离；根据测量得到活塞(4)行进距离、脉冲信号，得到单个脉冲信号时间内活塞(4)的单位行进距离；
    步骤3，行进距离所需红外线通过光栅个数确定：根据活塞所要行进的距离以及单个脉冲信号时间内活塞(4)的单位行进距离，确定脉冲信号个数，进而确定行进距离所需红外线通过光栅个数；
    步骤4，活塞行进定位；当活塞(4)行进时，活塞齿轮(2)转动，U形光电开关(5)的红外发射管(51)发射红外线，红外接收管(52)间隔性收到通过光栅的红外线，当检测到红外线通过光栅的个数为行进距离所需红外线通过光栅个数时，立即停止电机(3) 转动，此时活塞(4)的位置为所需位置。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述定位方法，其特征在于：步骤2中单个脉冲信号时间内活塞(4)的单位行进距离确定时，通过在初始位置上行进一段距离进行确认。
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