WO2020031448A1 - Procédé visant à créer une référence afin de déterminer la classification d'un matériau d'origine végétale contenant de la chlorophylle et des polyphénols et/ou des terpénoïdes, programme et dispositif - Google Patents

Procédé visant à créer une référence afin de déterminer la classification d'un matériau d'origine végétale contenant de la chlorophylle et des polyphénols et/ou des terpénoïdes, programme et dispositif Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020031448A1
WO2020031448A1 PCT/JP2019/018743 JP2019018743W WO2020031448A1 WO 2020031448 A1 WO2020031448 A1 WO 2020031448A1 JP 2019018743 W JP2019018743 W JP 2019018743W WO 2020031448 A1 WO2020031448 A1 WO 2020031448A1
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Prior art keywords
derived
chlorophyll
component
fingerprint information
fluorescence
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PCT/JP2019/018743
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
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啓貴 内藤
瑞樹 蔦
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日本たばこ産業株式会社
国立研究開発法人農業・食品産業技術総合研究機構
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Priority to JP2020536326A priority Critical patent/JP7337351B2/ja
Publication of WO2020031448A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020031448A1/fr

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
    • G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
    • G01N21/64—Fluorescence; Phosphorescence

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method, a program, and an apparatus for creating a standard for determining a category of a plant-derived material containing chlorophyll and at least one of polyphenol and terpenoid.
  • Tobacco raw materials include air-dried tobacco raw materials (for example, Burley and native varieties), forced-fired tobacco raw materials (for example, yellow varieties), and sun-dried tobacco raw materials (for example, Orient varieties). Although it exists, it is impossible to determine the classification visually.
  • As a method of determining the tobacco raw material category for example, there has been proposed a method of determining the tobacco raw material category based on the reflectance when the tobacco raw material is irradiated with visible light (Patent Document 1). On the other hand, it is known to distinguish or quantify food materials using fluorescent fingerprint information (Non-Patent Document 1).
  • a processing step such as drying or a storage state
  • the method of determining the classification of the material using visible light as described in Patent Document 1 is simple, if the reflection data is very similar, a problem may occur in the determination ability. Since the reflectance data obtained for the yellow type and the orient type of the tobacco raw material are very similar (Patent Document 1, FIG. 2), it is difficult to discriminate between the two.
  • a method for creating a standard for determining a category of a plant-derived material containing chlorophyll and at least one of a polyphenol and a terpenoid Fluorescence fingerprint information acquisition step of acquiring fluorescence fingerprint information consisting of excitation wavelength, fluorescence wavelength, and fluorescence intensity data of the material whose classification is known, Analysis of the abundance of components derived from at least one of polyphenols and terpenoids in the material and fluorescent fingerprint information reflecting the abundance of components derived from chlorophyll as an index, the material category, derived from at least one of polyphenols or terpenoids Creating a criterion indicating the relationship between the component and the chlorophyll-derived component.
  • the fluorescence fingerprint information acquiring step includes irradiating excitation light of 250 to 370 nm to measure fluorescence of 300 to 480 nm caused by a component derived from at least one of polyphenol and terpenoid, or excitation of 350 to 480 nm.
  • the multivariate analysis is a principal component analysis.
  • the material is a tobacco raw material, and before the step of acquiring fluorescent fingerprint information, further includes a step of allowing the tobacco raw material to stand at 22 ° C. and 60% for at least 24 hours to adjust the state.
  • An apparatus for creating a reference for determining a category of a material derived from a plant containing chlorophyll and at least one of a polyphenol and a terpenoid Means (A1) for acquiring fluorescent fingerprint information comprising data of the excitation wavelength, the fluorescence wavelength, and the fluorescence intensity of the material whose category is known, and the presence of a component derived from at least one of polyphenol and terpenoid in the material Means for analyzing the amount and the fluorescent fingerprint information reflecting the abundance of the chlorophyll-derived component as an index, and creating a reference indicating the relationship between the material category, the component derived from at least one of polyphenol or terpenoid, and the chlorophyll-derived component ( A2).
  • An apparatus for determining a classification of a chlorophyll and a plant-derived material containing at least one of a polyphenol and a terpenoid whose classification is unknown The means (A1) and the means (A2) according to the above [13],
  • the present invention it is possible to provide a criterion, a discrimination method, a program, and a device for accurately discriminating a plant-derived material containing chlorophyll and at least one of polyphenol and terpenoid.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a fluorescent fingerprint in an example.
  • standard using the principal component analysis in this invention The figure which shows another aspect of the reference
  • FIG. 1 illustrates one embodiment of an apparatus for carrying out the present invention.
  • X to Y include the end values X and Y.
  • Criteria for preparing the standard Chlorophyll the standard for determining the classification of materials derived from plants containing at least one of polyphenols and terpenoids, obtains fluorescent fingerprint information of the material, at least one of the polyphenols or terpenoids in the material The abundance of the component derived from, and obtained by analyzing as an index the fluorescent fingerprint information reflecting the abundance of the chlorophyll-derived component, the material category, the component derived from at least one of polyphenols or terpenoids, and the chlorophyll-derived component Created based on relationships.
  • the standard is also referred to as a predetermined standard.
  • Target materials Materials derived from plants containing chlorophyll and at least one of polyphenols and terpenoids are materials obtained by subjecting the plants to processing such as cutting, molding, heating, drying, or unprocessed materials.
  • Terpenoids are a group of natural organic compounds formed by combining a plurality of isoprene units, and examples thereof include carotenoids. Chlorophyll and polyphenols or terpenoids contained in plants can be metabolized by processing and aging.
  • the target materials include chlorophyll or chlorophyll metabolites, polyphenols or polyphenol metabolites, and terpenoids or terpenoid metabolites.
  • Target materials include tobacco raw materials and tea raw materials.
  • the tobacco raw material is a raw material obtained by processing tobacco leaves and stems.
  • Tobacco raw materials are deboned leaves, medium bones, and regenerated tobacco (ie, tobacco materials obtained by processing leaf scraps, chopping scraps, bone scraps, fine powder, etc., generated in the work processes of factories into reusable sheets and the like). Or a mixture of these.
  • Tea raw materials are raw materials obtained by processing tea leaves, tea stems and the like.
  • the material category is a category based on the attribute of the material.
  • the classification of the tobacco raw materials includes the classification by the drying method, that is, the air-dried tobacco raw materials (for example, Burley and native varieties), the forced-fired tobacco raw materials (for example, yellow varieties), and the sun-dried tobacco raw materials (for example, Orient species).
  • a criterion for determining whether a tobacco raw material belongs to a Burley type, a yellow type, or an Orient type is included.
  • a criterion for discriminating which of the green tea, the deep-steamed tea, the roasted tea, the oolong tea, the black tea and the like belongs to is provided.
  • the fluorescent fingerprint information is a three-dimensional fluorescent pattern composed of data of the excitation wavelength, the fluorescence wavelength, and the fluorescence intensity by measuring the fluorescence wavelength and the fluorescence intensity by irradiating the excitation light.
  • the measurement is performed by (1) irradiating excitation light of 250 to 370 nm to measure fluorescence of 300 to 480 nm caused by a component derived from polyphenol or terpenoid, or (2) irradiating excitation light of 350 to 480 nm to chlorophyll.
  • the excitation light wavelength in (1) is preferably from 320 to 370 nm, more preferably 360 nm, and the fluorescence wavelength is preferably from 380 to 480 nm, more preferably 460 nm.
  • the excitation light wavelength in 2) can be 400 nm and the fluorescence wavelength can be 680 nm.
  • Fluorescence caused by chlorophyll-derived components is fluorescence caused by chlorophyll and chlorophyll metabolites. The same applies to the fluorescence caused by the polyphenol-derived component and the terpenoid-derived component.
  • the properties of the target material to be subjected to the measurement are not limited, but it is preferable that the target material is pulverized into a uniform powder for the measurement. This is because each component contained in the material is uniformly dispersed, so that highly accurate measurement is possible.
  • a known device can be used for the pulverization.
  • the maximum particle size is preferably 1 mm or less. The maximum particle size is determined by passing through a specified size mesh. For example, as the tobacco raw material, lamina, chopped powder, and the like may be mentioned, and it is preferable that the raw material is pulverized so as to have the above-mentioned particle size, sufficiently mixed, and then subjected to measurement.
  • the condition of the target material to be subjected to the measurement be adjusted in advance in order to keep the water content constant.
  • the tobacco raw materials it is preferable to store the tobacco raw materials under harmony conditions (22 ° C., 60%) for 24 hours or more.
  • the upper limit of the storage time is not limited, but is preferably within 30 hours.
  • analysis is performed using, as an index, fluorescent fingerprint information that reflects the abundance of components derived from at least one of polyphenols and terpenoids in the material and the abundance of components derived from chlorophyll.
  • a multivariate analysis such as a principal component analysis, a discriminant analysis, a decision tree analysis, a hierarchical data analysis, a non-hierarchical clustering analysis, or the like can be used.
  • a principal component analysis or a PLS discriminant analysis is preferable.
  • Principal component analysis is a method of extracting principal components so that the variance of the principal components is maximized. Principal component analysis is performed using only explanatory variables, and a minimum is obtained between the obtained principal components and the objective variable.
  • the principal component analysis is performed on the fluorescent fingerprint information
  • the first principal component (PC1) is information relating to the polyphenol-derived component, the terpenoid-derived component or both
  • the third principal component (PC3) is the information relating to the chlorophyll-derived component.
  • a two-dimensional plot is created from the scores of the first main component and the third component, a two-dimensional diagram showing the relationship between the material category, one or both of the polyphenol-derived component and the terpenoid-derived component, and the chlorophyll-derived component can be created.
  • a reference for each material section can be created.
  • FIG. 2 shows an example of a criterion using principal component analysis for determining whether a tobacco raw material belongs to a yellow type, a burley type, or an oriental type.
  • the algorithm used in the process may be a more general-purpose machine learning algorithm that also supports nonlinear phenomena, such as a support vector machine (SVM), a random forest (RF), and a neural network.
  • SVM support vector machine
  • RF random forest
  • PLS regression analysis is a method of extracting a principal component such that the covariance between the principal component and the objective variable is maximized.
  • the PLS discriminant analysis refers to an analysis in which the variables are set as variables of 0 and 1.
  • clusters of yellow, orient, and burley are respectively set as objective variables (1, 0, 0), (0, 1, 0), (0, 0, 1). ) And make the respective criteria.
  • Step 1 Fluorescent fingerprint information including data on the excitation wavelength, fluorescence wavelength, and fluorescence intensity of the target material whose classification is unknown is acquired.
  • Step 2 Analysis is performed using, as an index, fluorescent fingerprint information reflecting the abundance of components derived from at least one of polyphenols and terpenoids in the material and the abundance of components derived from chlorophyll, and is derived from at least one of polyphenols and terpenoids. To obtain the relationship between the components and the chlorophyll-derived components.
  • Step 3 The reference is prepared, and the relationship between the reference and the relation obtained in step 2 is checked to determine the category of the material.
  • Step 1 can be carried out as described in the method of preparing the standard.
  • step 2 for example, when principal component analysis is used as an analysis method, the analysis is performed as described in the method of creating a criterion, and the first principal component (PC1) and the third principal component (PC1) for the target material whose classification is unknown. The score of PC3) is obtained. Then, in step 3, the score is plotted on the reference and collated, whereby the material category of the target material whose category is unknown can be specified.
  • Program A program is a data processing method described based on an arbitrary language or description method, and does not ask the format of a source code, a binary code, or the like.
  • the program may be configured in a single form, but may be configured in a distributed manner as a plurality of modules or libraries, and may be configured to achieve its functions in cooperation with other existing programs. May be used.
  • Apparatus for creating a standard for determining the category of the target material Means (A1) for acquiring fluorescent fingerprint information comprising data of the excitation wavelength, the fluorescence wavelength, and the fluorescence intensity of the material whose category is known, and the abundance of components derived from at least one of polyphenols and terpenoids in the material And means for analyzing the fingerprint information reflecting the abundance of the chlorophyll-derived component as an index, and creating a criterion indicating the relationship between the material category, the component derived from at least one of polyphenol or terpenoid, and the chlorophyll-derived component (A2 ).
  • FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of the device.
  • A1 is a means for acquiring fluorescent fingerprint information of a material whose category is known
  • A10 is fluorescent fingerprint information obtained by the means
  • A2 is a means for creating a reference indicating a relationship between a material category and a component derived from polyphenol or the like
  • A20 is a standard obtained by the means.
  • FIG. 5 shows one mode of the device.
  • A1 and A2 are as defined in FIG. 3
  • B1 is means for acquiring fluorescent fingerprint information of a material whose classification is unknown
  • B10 is fluorescent fingerprint information obtained by the means
  • B2 is material classification.
  • B20 is a unit for acquiring the relationship between components derived from polyphenols and the like
  • C is a unit for collating the relationship with the standard
  • C is a unit for collating the relationship with the reference.
  • the device may be configured as hardware, but may be configured as a combination of function realizing means for realizing various functions by software of a computer.
  • the function realizing means may include a program module.
  • Example 1 The following were prepared as tobacco raw materials of known categories. Yellow (US, Africa, Italy, Moscow, India, China, Brazil) Burley (Brazil) Orient (Izmir, Greek, Thai, Chinese)
  • FIG. 1 is a peak attributed to a component derived from polyphenol or carotenoid
  • 3 is a peak attributed to a component derived from chlorophyll.
  • the measurement conditions are as follows. Measuring instrument: F-7000 (Fluorescent fingerprint measuring device, manufactured by Hitachi High-Tech Science Corporation) Measurement method: Reflection method (FrontFace) Measurement conditions: excitation light 200 to 600 nm, fluorescence 200 to 900 nm, resolution 5 nm, slit width 5 nm, photomultiplier sensitivity 700
  • Example 2 For the preprocessed fluorescent fingerprint information obtained in Example 1, PLS discriminant analysis was performed using software (“PLS TOOLBOX” manufactured by Eigenvector Research, Inc.), and the clusters of yellow, orient, and burley were determined as objective variables ( The analysis was performed as (1, 0, 0), (0, 1, 0), (0, 0, 1), and respective standards were created. Further, in order to verify the validity of the criterion, 25 samples whose classification was known were determined by the criterion, and it was examined whether or not the sample matched the actual sample classification. As a result, a match was found for 24 samples (discrimination result: 96%), which revealed that the criterion had high accuracy.
  • PLS TOOLBOX manufactured by Eigenvector Research, Inc.
  • Example 3 Black tea, roasted tea, and sencha were prepared as tea raw materials of which classifications were known. Each raw material was pulverized using a pulverizer so that the maximum particle size became 1 mm or less. Fluorescent fingerprint information of the material was obtained under the same conditions as in Example 1.
  • Example 4 PLS discriminant analysis was performed on the preprocessed fluorescent fingerprint information obtained in Example 3 using software (“PLS TOOLBOX” manufactured by Eigenvector Research, Inc.), and clusters of black tea, roasted green tea, and sencha were determined as objective variables ( The analysis was performed as (1,0,0), (0,1,0), (0,0,1), and respective standards were created (FIG. 3). Furthermore, in order to verify the validity of the standard, 21 samples whose divisions were known were discriminated by the standard, and it was examined whether or not the sample matched the actual sample. As a result, a match was found for 20 samples (discrimination score: 96%), which revealed that the standard had high accuracy.
  • B10 Fluorescent fingerprint information B2 Means for acquiring the relationship between material categories and components derived from polyphenols, etc.
  • B20 Relationship C means for collating criteria and relationships

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Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé visant à créer une référence afin de déterminer la classification d'un matériau d'origine végétale contenant de la chlorophylle et des polyphénols et/ou des terpénoïdes. Le procédé comprend : une étape d'acquisition d'informations d'empreinte de fluorescence au cours de laquelle des informations d'empreinte de fluorescence comprenant des données concernant la longueur d'onde d'excitation, la longueur d'onde de fluorescence et l'intensité de fluorescence d'un échantillon dont la classification est déjà connue sont acquises ; et une étape au cours de laquelle une analyse est effectuée en utilisant la quantité d'un composant dérivé des polyphénols et/ou des terpénoïdes à l'intérieur de l'échantillon et des informations d'empreinte de fluorescence correspondant à la quantité d'un composant dérivé de la chlorophylle en tant qu'indices, suite à quoi une référence indiquant la relation entre la classification du matériau, le composant dérivé des polyphénols et/ou des terpénoïdes et le composant dérivé de la chlorophylle est créée.
PCT/JP2019/018743 2018-08-10 2019-05-10 Procédé visant à créer une référence afin de déterminer la classification d'un matériau d'origine végétale contenant de la chlorophylle et des polyphénols et/ou des terpénoïdes, programme et dispositif WO2020031448A1 (fr)

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JP2020536326A JP7337351B2 (ja) 2018-08-10 2019-05-10 クロロフィルと、ポリフェノールまたはテルペノイドの少なくとも一方とを含む植物に由来する材料の区分を判別する基準の作成方法、プログラム、および装置

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US20140243011A1 (en) * 2012-10-12 2014-08-28 Xiaoyong Pan Location estimation based on adjusted distance values for a wireless device
WO2017104373A1 (fr) * 2015-12-15 2017-06-22 株式会社デンソー Système de commande de véhicule

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