WO2020030386A1

WO2020030386A1 - Heat exchanger

Info

Publication number: WO2020030386A1
Application number: PCT/EP2019/069060
Authority: WO
Inventors: Buckl STEPHAN
Original assignee: Webasto SE
Priority date: 2018-08-06
Filing date: 2019-07-16
Publication date: 2020-02-13
Also published as: DE102018119034A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a heat exchanger device, in particular for a vehicle, preferably for a motor vehicle, comprising a volume (14) for receiving and conducting a fluid, in particular water, at least one fluid inlet (15) and at least one fluid outlet (16) such that a fluid can flow into the volume (14) via the fluid inlet (15) and can be discharged via the fluid outlet (16), wherein at least one rib (17a - 17e) and at least one pin (19a - 19f) are provided in the volume (14).

Description

Heat exchanger

description

The invention relates to a heat transfer device, in particular for a vehicle, preferably for a motor vehicle, a method for producing a heat transfer device, a vehicle comprising a

Heat transfer device and a method for operating a

Heat transfer means.

In the prior art, ribs or pins (or so-called pin fins) are sometimes used for heat transfer from a substrate to a medium (fluid). In both solutions, however, heat transfer is considered to be in need of improvement.

It is therefore an object of the invention to propose a heat transfer device which is distinguished by particularly effective heat transfer to a fluid or from a fluid. Furthermore, it is an object of the invention to propose a corresponding production method for a heat transfer device, a vehicle comprising a heat transfer device and a method for operating a heat transfer device.

This object is achieved in particular by the features of claim 1.

In particular, the object is achieved by one, in particular for a vehicle, preferably for a motor vehicle (for example a passenger car or truck, possibly also a watercraft or aircraft or helicopter), the heat transfer device having a volume for receiving and

Passing through a fluid, preferably a liquid, in particular water, at least one fluid inlet and at least one fluid outlet such that a fluid can flow into the volume via the fluid inlet and can flow out via the fluid outlet, with at least one rib and at least one pin in the volume (each for an improved or increased

Heat transfer) are provided. A key concept of the invention is that within a

Heat transfer device both at least one rib as well

at least one pin (or pin fin) is used. It was recognized that fins carry the medium (fluid) along their relatively large surface, which is fundamentally positive for an effective heat transfer. On the other hand, boundary layers can arise here, which in turn limits the heat transfer. It was also taken into account that pins or pin fins (depending on the positioning) can introduce turbulence and thus break up boundary layers. However, with such pins or pin fins

side away from the flow is not fully involved in the heat transfer. The combination of both systems can be used to generate improved heat transfer due to the large surface area of the fins and also due to the turbulence generation of the pin (fins). The

Heat transfer can be particularly by breaking up laminar

Boundary layers can be improved by means of turbulence-generating structures. With appropriate positioning of the pin (-Fins) in a sprue area

(For example, in an injection molding process) (possibly enlarged) pin fins can be formed as part of a design suitable for production. Overall, an effective heat transfer device can be implemented in a simple manner.

At least one further, preferably elongated and / or fluid flow-distributing, elevation, preferably a bead and / or embossment, in particular a housing part, preferably one, projects into the volume

Cover element, in. A (vertical) turbulence can be introduced via an elongated elevation or bead (in particular in the cover) (possibly with simultaneous increase in the rigidity of the housing part or cover). As a result, a heat transfer device that is easy to manufacture can be implemented in a simple manner. At least two or at least four or at least eight such elongate elevations or beads can be provided. At least one (or more or all) elongated elevation (s) or corrugation (s) can be at least essentially transverse to a (main)

Flow direction to be oriented. Essentially, cross means here

preferably at an angle of less than 30 °, preferably less than 10 ° with respect to the (main) flow direction of the fluid (in operation). The respective bead is preferably arranged so that it projects inwards. Under a bead is preferably a groove-shaped depression in one

To understand wall (z. B. a housing part, in particular cover), the bottom of which preferably faces inwards. Instead of a bead, it would also be conceivable that generally at least one (elongated) elevation or elevation on an inner wall (or at least the volume)

co-defining wall) is provided.

The bead or elongated elevation (elongated elevation) can, for example, run straight and / or be arcuate or segmental in cross-section.

The at least one fluid flow-distributing elevation (impression) can be configured such that it enables a distribution of the fluid flow (volume flow), in particular in the inlet area (preferably in a homogeneous manner). For this purpose, the fluid flow distributing or embossing (similar to the bead or elongated elevation) can protrude into the volume. Specifically, the fluid flow distribution (indentation) can have a first flank that faces a liquid passage (liquid inlet or liquid outlet) and a second flank that faces away from this liquid passage. The first flank is preferably less steep than the second flank. This enables the volume flow to be effectively distributed or combined. Preferably, at least or exactly two such fluid flow-distributing elevations or impressions are formed, in particular one

fluid flow-distributing elevation or impression adjacent to the

Liquid inlet and a fluid flow-distributing elevation or impression adjacent to the liquid outlet. Specifically, such

fluid flow-distributing elevation or impression between the liquid inlet and the rib (or row of ribs) closest to the liquid inlet and / or a fluid flow-distributing elevation or impression between the liquid outlet and a rib (or row of ribs) closest to the liquid exit. This allows the fluid to flow past the individual ribs (homogeneously) particularly effectively.

A heat transfer device is to be understood in particular as a device which transfers heat from a substrate to a medium (fluid). The substrate can be passive or active, with passive training It is to be understood that the substrate itself does not comprise any heat source (e.g. electrical heating device, in particular heating layer). Under an active

Training is to be understood that the substrate is a heat-generating

Device (e.g. electrical heating device, especially electrical

Heating coating) or such a device is assigned to the substrate (possibly directly or indirectly contacting it physically).

If appropriate, it is also conceivable that the heat transfer device is designed or comprises a heat exchanger, that is to say is configured to transfer heat from one fluid (flow) to another fluid (flow). One of the (two) fluid flows can then flow through the heat transfer device, for example.

The heat transfer device is preferably designed as an assembly, in particular defined by a housing. The heat transfer device is preferably at least approximately in the form of a cuboid (in particular a flat cuboid), but can also take on a different shape, for example cylindrical. A height of the heat transfer device is preferably less than or equal to 0.5 times, more preferably less than 0.2 times a length and / or width of the

Heat transfer means. A "height" does not (but may) mean an expansion in the direction of the vertical. In general, "height" is intended to mean the expansion of the heat transfer device which is perpendicular to a length and a width (where length and width are greater are said to be the height). Instead of a "height" one can also speak of a "thickness".

Liquid inlet and liquid outlet can be arranged on the same side of the heat transfer device, but possibly also on it

different sides (e.g. opposite).

The at least one rib (possibly several or all ribs) can be made of metal, in particular aluminum and / or a plastic. The at least one (in particular several or all) pins can be made of metal, in particular aluminum or an aluminum alloy, and / or plastic. The beads (or elongated elevations) and / or Fluid-distributing elevations (impressions) can be made from a metal, in particular aluminum or an aluminum alloy, and / or plastic. The same applies to the housing parts (in particular forming the beads or impressions), such as in particular a cover element and / or a housing base part.

The at least one rib (possibly several or all ribs) and / or the at least one pin (possibly several or all pins) can be arranged exclusively on a housing base part or both on the housing base part and on the cover or only on the cover element.

At least one bead (elongated elevation) is preferably arranged opposite at least one pin, more preferably a row of pins. This allows heat to be transferred particularly effectively (through

Turbulence contribution).

At least one pin (possibly several or all, but particularly preferably only a part of several) pins can be designed and arranged in such a way that a distance remains between their respective ends and an inner wall of the housing. At least one of the (preferably several, possibly all, but particularly preferably only a few of a plurality of) pins can be arranged and designed such that one (respective) end touches an inner wall of the housing (without being firmly connected to it).

Preferably at least five, more preferably at least ten, ribs are provided. Alternatively or additionally, at least five, preferably at least ten, pins can be provided.

At least one rib and at least one pin can be (directly) connected to one another, preferably integrally, more preferably monolithically. Alternatively or additionally, at least one pin can intersect a central axis of the rib (i.e. lie within the rib or lie within an imaginary extension of the rib). In a specific embodiment, a central axis of at least one pin can intersect the central axis of the rib. A central axis of the rib is to be understood in particular to mean an axis which, in a view from above, runs through the center of the rib and possibly in one plane lies, which is defined by a base of the rib. Under one

The central axis of the respective pin is to be understood in particular as an axis which runs in the direction of the extension of the pin (for example, in the case of a cylindrical pin, the cylinder axis).

At least one pin can be arranged between the center axis of two, in particular parallel, ribs. This can be particularly effective

Turbulence are introduced, since the fluid that flows comparatively laminar between the (in particular parallel) ribs impinges on the at least one pin, so that the laminar flow is broken or

Turbulence is introduced. The heat transfer can thus be improved.

At least one rib can run straight. Alternatively or additionally, at least one rib (at least in sections) can be curved. In specific embodiments, ribs can be formed, the one

Deflect the fluid flow, for example by at least 90 °, preferably at least 120 °, possibly (at least approximately) 180 °. Such ribs can be U-shaped or V-shaped, for example.

Several ribs (for example at least three or at least six ribs) are particularly preferably arranged in a row. One, two or more such rows can be formed.

In embodiments, groups Gl (especially rows) of ribs alternate with groups G2 (especially rows) of pins at least once (i.e. at least G1-G2), preferably at least twice (i.e.

at least G1-G2-G1), more preferably at least three times (i.e. at least G1-G2-G1-G2), more preferably at least or exactly four times (i.e.

at least or exactly G1-G2-G1-G2-G1), for example by first forming a group of ribs, viewed from the fluid inlet, then a group of pins, then again a group of ribs, then again a group of pins and then again a group of ribs, which should not rule out that ribs or pins are also arranged, at least occasionally, in the respective group of pins or ribs, but these should then preferably be significantly smaller in number (for example form a maximum of 50%, preferably a maximum of 20% of the number of the respective other structure).

At least two ribs can have different dimensions, for example different lengths and / or widths and / or heights. Alternatively or additionally, at least two pins can have different dimensions, for example a different diameter and / or a different height. This can be an effective

Heat transfer are made possible.

At least one pin (possibly several or all pins) can have a round cross-section, for example at least one pin (possibly several or all pins) can have a cylindrical shape (pin-like). Alternatively or additionally, at least one pin (possibly several or all pins) can be one

have a rectangular or square cross-section (if necessary be designed as a cuboid).

Generally, a maximum diameter of a cross section is the

(respective) pins not larger than twice, preferably 1.5 times, even more preferably 1.2 times a diameter of the pin perpendicular to this maximum diameter. In other words, the pins are therefore preferably comparatively compact (in terms of their cross section) or non-elongated.

The (respective) rib is preferably at least twice, preferably

at least 4 times, even more preferably at least 10 times as long as high and / or at least 10, preferably at least 20 times as long as wide. Furthermore, the (respective) rib is preferably at least 1.5 times,

preferably 2.5 times, more preferably at least 4 times as high as wide. A width (thickness) of the rib is preferably constant, but can also vary (if the latter is the case, the maximum thickness can be used when comparing with height or length). The height of the rib is also preferably constant, but can also vary (the maximum height being relevant when comparing with other dimensions). Finally, the length of the (respective) rib is preferably constant (possibly variable, for example if the rib has a rising one or both ends) Has flank; even then, the maximum length should preferably be used again in a comparison with other dimensions).

At least one pin (possibly all or several pins) can round one

Have cross-section (perpendicular to a longitudinal extension). At least one pin (or several or all pins) can have a polygonal one, for example

rectangular or square, cross section (perpendicular to a

Have longitudinal extension).

Several (for example at least two or at least three or at least five) pins can be arranged in a line (in a row). Such a row preferably extends to a (main) flow direction.

At least one (or more or all) ribs are preferably arranged parallel, at least essentially, to a (main) flow direction. An at least substantially parallel arrangement is to be understood as an arrangement in which an angle with respect to the (main)

Flow direction is a maximum of 30 °, preferably a maximum of 10 °.

At least one rib and / or at least one pin (or possibly several or all ribs / pins) can be arranged on a housing part, in particular integrally molded on the housing part.

The above object is further achieved by a method for

Manufacture of a heat transfer device of the above type, wherein

at least one (or more or all) rib (s) and / or at least one (or more or all) pin (s) and / or at least one (or more or all) elongate and / or fluid flow-distributing elevations, in particular bead (s) and / or embossing (s), from a housing part blank (through

Reshaping). Alternatively or additionally, at least one (or more or all) rib (s) and / or at least one (or more or all) pin (s) and / or at least one (or more or all) elongate and / or fluid flow-distributing elevations, in particular Bead (s) and / or embossing (s) can be introduced during at least one housing part production, in particular a primary process. A primary shaping process can be, for example, a casting process, in particular an injection molding process. Further process steps result from the above explanation of

Heat transfer device and the following.

The above object is further achieved by a vehicle

in particular a motor vehicle (e.g. passenger or truck), comprising a heat transfer device of the above type and / or

Heat transfer device manufactured by the above method.

The above-mentioned object is further achieved by a method for operating a heat transfer device of the above type and / or a heat transfer device produced according to the above method or a vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle, of the above type, the fluid (for example a liquid, in particular Water) flows out through the fluid inlet and flows out of the fluid outlet at a different (increased or decreased) temperature.

Overall, according to the invention, on the one hand, the combination of the systems (ribs or pins) known from the prior art results in improved heat transfer due to an increased surface area of the ribs and also effective turbulence generation of the pin (-Fins). The

Turbulence generation can be further increased by beading the cover (cover element). In addition, the overall system (the

Heat transfer device) more rigidity.

Embossments correspondingly provided in the cover can distribute a volume flow in an inlet area (and / or outlet area) homogeneously over the channels (or bring them together accordingly).

By positioning the pin (fins) appropriately, a design that is optimized for the manufacturing process (in particular in relation to one) can also be used

Sprue part or the possibility of individual enlarged pin fins for placing ejectors).

Further embodiments result from the subclaims. The invention is described below using an exemplary embodiment which is explained in more detail with reference to the figures. Here show:

Fig. 1 shows a housing base part of the invention

Heat transfer device in an oblique view

Fluid ports;

FIG. 2 shows a cover element for the base element according to FIG. 1 in a

Tilt;

Fig. 3 shows a section of a section of an assembled

Heat transfer device;

4 the cover element according to FIG. 2 in a view from the outside,

with fluid connections; and

5 shows the cover element according to FIG. 4 without fluid connections.

In the following description, the same reference numbers are used for the same and equivalent parts.

1-5 show an embodiment of the invention

Heat transfer means. This comprises a (housing) base part 10 (see FIG. 1) and a cover element 11 (see FIG. 2). In Fig. 2 an inwardly facing inside 12 of the lid member 11 can be seen. A corresponding outside 13 is visible in FIGS. 4 and 5. Between base part 10 and

Cover element 11 is a volume 14 (see FIG. 3) for receiving and passing a fluid from a first fluid connection (fluid inlet) 15 to a second fluid connection (fluid outlet 16) (see FIG. 1, fluid inlet and fluid outlet can also be interchanged or exchanged his).

A plurality of ribs 17a, 17b, 17c, 17d and 17e and a plurality of pins 19a, 19b, 19c, 19d, 19e and 19f are preferably provided on the base part 10.

The ribs 17a run straight ahead (in the main flow direction) and are arranged in a row (the row being transverse to a main Flow direction, extends according to arrow 18). Furthermore, the ribs 17a are of the same length. The ribs 17e are formed analogously (in particular

mirror image).

A plurality of pins 19a, 19b are connected downstream of the ribs 17a, the pins 19b preferably being larger (and wider) than the pins 19a.

The ribs 17b (straight) and 17c (U-shaped) then adjoin these pins 19a, 19b. A starting point of the fins 17b, 17c is at one level (opposite the main flow direction). Ribs located further out of the plurality of ribs 17b are longer than ribs located further inward. Ribs 17c located further outside are longer than ribs 17c lying further inside (or have an enlarged U-shape).

Pins 19c, 19d are in turn connected to the ribs 17b (in terms of flow). Pins 19d are preferably larger (and wider) than pins 19c.

The pins 19c, 19d in turn are followed by the ribs 17d (which are arranged and formed in an analogous manner or in mirror symmetry to the ribs 17b).

Pins 19e, 19f are connected to ribs 17d and 17c, pins 19f preferably being larger (and wider) than pins 19e.

The (U-shaped) ribs 17c are located within the pins 19c, 19d and the ribs 17b, 17d. Pins 19a-19f form a plurality of rows extending transversely (and in some cases also parallel) to the main flow direction. In particular, several such (transversely extending) rows are provided between the ribs 17a, on the one hand, and 17b, 17c, on the other hand (and analogously between the ribs 17c, 17d, on the one hand, and the ribs 17e, on the other hand).

Individual ones of the pins 19a, 19b, 19e, 19f are preferably arranged in such a way that a fluid that flows in the spaces between individual ribs (downstream) impinges on the corresponding pins. A center point or a center line of the respective pins 19a, 19b, 19e, 19f is therefore preferably arranged such that it lies between imaginary extension lines of the adjacent ribs. This effectively breaks up a laminar flow. 2-5 impressions 20 and beads 21 can also be seen.

In FIG. 3 it can also be seen that at least some of the beads 21 (which are formed in the cover element 11) lie opposite corresponding pins.

The beads 21 can (at least in the area of the pins 19a, 19b; 19e, 19f) be arranged transversely to a flaup flow direction (if necessary also in sections, at least in the area of the pins 19c, 19d) parallel to a main flow direction. The beads 21 can further increase the turbulence generation. In addition, an improved rigidity can be achieved. A simple measure therefore realizes several functionalities.

The embossments 20 are arranged (in each case) between the first ribs 17a and the last ribs 17e (based on the direction of flow, which, however, can also be reversed) and the corresponding fluid connection 15 or 16 and have a steep flank 22 and a less steep flank 23 on. The less steep flank 23 points in the direction of the next fluid connection 15 or 16. This effectively allows a volume flow in the inlet area

(Homogeneously) to be distributed through channels adjoining the ribs or to flow effectively in the exit area in the direction of the fluid outlet 16 (whereby turbulence is advantageously introduced “one last time” by a comparatively steep formation of the corresponding flank).

At this point it should be pointed out that all the parts described above are seen on their own and in any combination, especially those in the

Details shown in the drawings, are claimed as essential to the invention. Modifications to this are familiar to the person skilled in the art.

In particular, it should be pointed out that the design and arrangement of the ribs 17a, 17b, 17c, 17d and 17e (each individually and in relation to their arrangement relative to other components) can advantageously be designed as shown in the figures. In this context, it does not necessarily have to be the case that the other ribs / pins are then also formed, as shown in the figures. The same applies to pins 19a, 19b, 19c, 19d, 19e and 19f.

Bezuaszeichen base

cover element

inside

outside

volume

fluid inlet

Fluid outlet a-17e rib

arrow

a-19f pin

impressing

Beading

Steep flank Less steep flank

Claims

Expectations

1. heat transfer device, in particular for a vehicle,

preferably for a motor vehicle, comprising a volume (14) for receiving and passing through a fluid, in particular water, at least one fluid inlet (15) and at least one fluid outlet (16) such that a fluid flows through the fluid inlet (15) into the volume ( 14) can be flowed in and can be flowed out via the fluid outlet (16), at least one rib (17a-17e) and at least one pin (19a-19f) being provided in the volume (14).

2. Heat transfer device according to claim 1,

d a d u rc h g e ke n n z e i c h n e t that

at least one further, possibly elongated and / or fluid flow-distributing, elevation, in particular bead (21) and / or indentation (20), in particular a housing part, preferably a cover element (11), projects into the volume (14).

3. Heat transfer device according to claim 1 or 2,

d a d u rc h g e ke n n z e i c h n e t that

at least 5, preferably at least 10, ribs (17a-17e) are provided and / or at least 5, preferably at least 10, pins (19a-19f) are provided.

4. Heat transfer device according to one of the preceding

Expectations,

d a d u rc h g e ke n n z e i c h n e t that

at least one rib (17a-17e) and at least one pin (19a-19f) are connected to one another, preferably integrally, more preferably monolithically, and / or

at least one / the at least one pin (19a-19f) intersects a central axis of the at least one rib (17a-17e).

5. Heat transfer device according to one of the preceding

Expectations,

dadu rc hge indicates that at least one pin (19a-19f) is arranged between center axes of two, in particular parallel, ribs (17a-17e).

6. Heat transfer device according to one of the preceding

Expectations,

d a d u rc h g e ke n n z e i c h n e t that

at least one rib (17a, 17b, 17d, 17e) is straight and / or at least one rib (17c) is curved at least in sections.

7. Heat transfer device according to one of the preceding

Expectations,

d a d u rc h g e ke n n z e i c h n e t that

at least two ribs (17b, 17c, 17d) a different one

Dimension, preferably different length and / or width and / or height, and / or at least two pins (19a, 19b; 19c, 19d; 19e, 19f) have a different dimension, preferably a different diameter and / or a different height ,

8. Heat transfer device according to one of the preceding

Expectations,

d a d u rc h g e ke n n z e i c h n e t that

at least one pin (19a-19f) has a round and / or at least one pin has a polygonal, for example rectangular or square, cross-section.

9. Heat transfer device according to one of the preceding

Expectations,

d a d u rc h g e ke n n z e i c h n e t that

at least three pins (19a-19f) are arranged in a row and / or at least two ribs are arranged in a row.

10. Heat transfer device according to one of the preceding

Expectations,

d a d u rc h g e ke n n z e i c h n e t that

at least one rib (17a-17e) and / or at least one pin (19a-19f) is arranged on a housing part, in particular is integrally formed on a housing part.

11. A method for producing a heat transfer device according to one of the preceding claims,

d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that

at least one rib (17a-17e) and / or at least one pin (19a-19f) and / or at least one elevation, in particular at least one bead (21) and / or at least one impression (20), is formed from a housing part blank and / or is introduced during a, in particular primary, production of at least one housing part.

12. Vehicle, in particular motor vehicle, comprising a

Heat transfer device according to one of the preceding

Claims 1 to 10 and / or a heat transfer device, manufactured according to claim 11.

13. A method of operating a heat transfer device according to

one of the preceding claims 1 to 10 and / or one

Heat transfer device, produced according to claim 11, or a vehicle, in particular motor vehicle according to claim 12, wherein the fluid flows in through the fluid inlet (15) and out of the fluid outlet (16) at elevated or reduced temperature.