WO2020029856A1 - 阻燃气吹微缆 - Google Patents

阻燃气吹微缆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020029856A1
WO2020029856A1 PCT/CN2019/098726 CN2019098726W WO2020029856A1 WO 2020029856 A1 WO2020029856 A1 WO 2020029856A1 CN 2019098726 W CN2019098726 W CN 2019098726W WO 2020029856 A1 WO2020029856 A1 WO 2020029856A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
parts
flame
retardant
blown
outer sheath
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PCT/CN2019/098726
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王瑞
李伟
周峰
费华青
张小山
史惠萍
王宇亮
刘沛东
吴迪
韩宇峰
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江苏亨通光电股份有限公司
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Priority to EP19839088.2A priority Critical patent/EP3647847B1/en
Publication of WO2020029856A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020029856A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
    • G02B6/4401—Optical cables
    • G02B6/4429—Means specially adapted for strengthening or protecting the cables
    • G02B6/443—Protective covering
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C08L23/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
    • C08L23/08—Copolymers of ethene
    • C08L23/0807—Copolymers of ethene with unsaturated hydrocarbons only containing more than three carbon atoms
    • C08L23/0815—Copolymers of ethene with aliphatic 1-olefins
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C08L23/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
    • C08L23/08—Copolymers of ethene
    • C08L23/0846—Copolymers of ethene with unsaturated hydrocarbons containing other atoms than carbon or hydrogen atoms
    • C08L23/0853—Vinylacetate
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
    • G02B6/4401—Optical cables
    • G02B6/441—Optical cables built up from sub-bundles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
    • G02B6/4401—Optical cables
    • G02B6/4429—Means specially adapted for strengthening or protecting the cables
    • G02B6/443—Protective covering
    • G02B6/4432—Protective covering with fibre reinforcements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
    • G02B6/4401—Optical cables
    • G02B6/4429—Means specially adapted for strengthening or protecting the cables
    • G02B6/4434—Central member to take up tensile loads
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
    • G02B6/4401—Optical cables
    • G02B6/4429—Means specially adapted for strengthening or protecting the cables
    • G02B6/4436—Heat resistant
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
    • G02B6/4401—Optical cables
    • G02B6/4429—Means specially adapted for strengthening or protecting the cables
    • G02B6/44384—Means specially adapted for strengthening or protecting the cables the means comprising water blocking or hydrophobic materials
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/46—Processes or apparatus adapted for installing or repairing optical fibres or optical cables
    • G02B6/50—Underground or underwater installation; Installation through tubing, conduits or ducts
    • G02B6/52—Underground or underwater installation; Installation through tubing, conduits or ducts using fluid, e.g. air
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
    • C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
    • C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
    • C08K2003/2217—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of magnesium
    • C08K2003/2224—Magnesium hydroxide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/32—Phosphorus-containing compounds
    • C08K2003/321—Phosphates
    • C08K2003/322—Ammonium phosphate
    • C08K2003/323—Ammonium polyphosphate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2203/00—Applications
    • C08L2203/20—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets
    • C08L2203/202—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets use in electrical wires or wirecoating

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of communications, and in particular, to a flame-retardant gas-blown microcable.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present disclosure is to provide a flame-retardant air-blown micro-cable, which has a thin preparation thickness, effectively guarantees mechanical properties, and has good flame-retardant properties, which ensures that the optical cable can meet Class C bundle combustion, high light transmittance, and low Excellent performance such as acid value.
  • the present disclosure provides a flame-retardant air-blown microcable, which includes a central reinforcement, and a loose tube is twisted on the outer surface of the central reinforcement, and the optical fiber unit and the first water blocking substance are arranged in the loose tube.
  • the optical fiber unit is an optical fiber bundle
  • the first water-blocking substance is a water-blocking fiber paste.
  • the outer surface of the twisted loose tube is covered with an outer sheath, and the outer sheath is also filled with a cable paste.
  • the outer sheath includes the following components: 50-60 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer EVA, 40-50 parts of linear low density polyethylene LLDPE, 45-60 parts of flame retardant, 8-12 parts of synergistic flame retardant, 8-12 parts plasticizer, 1-4 parts lubricant, 1-4 parts coupling agent, 1-3 parts compatibilizer, 1-3 parts antioxidant, 2-3 parts carbon black, smooth amides 1-2 servings.
  • the flame retardant is an inorganic metal hydroxide; for example, the flame retardant is one or more selected from the group consisting of sodium aluminum hydroxide and aluminum hydroxide; in one or more In various embodiments, the flame retardant is inorganic magnesium hydroxide.
  • the synergistic flame retardant is ammonium polyphosphate.
  • the thickness of the outer sheath is 0.7-1.3 mm; for example, the thickness of the outer sheath is 0.7-1.0 mm; for example, the thickness of the outer sheath is 1 mm.
  • the outer sheath includes the following components by weight parts: ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer EVA 50-55 parts, linear low density polyethylene LLDPE 40-45 parts, flame retardant 45-55 parts, 8-9 parts synergistic flame retardant, 8-11 parts plasticizer, 1-3 parts lubricating, 1-2 parts coupling agent, 1-2 parts compatibilizer, 1- antioxidant 2 parts, 2-2.5 parts of carbon black, 1-1.5 parts of amide slip agent.
  • the outer sheath includes the following components in parts by weight: 55 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer EVA, 45 parts of linear low density polyethylene LLDPE, 55 parts of flame retardant, Synergistic flame retardant 9 parts, plasticizer 11 parts, lubrication 3 parts, coupling agent 2 parts, compatibilizer 2 parts, antioxidant 2 parts, carbon black 2 parts, and amide slip agent 1 part.
  • the cable paste comprises the following components by weight: base oil: 70-88 parts, methyl silicone oil 20-25 parts, gelling agent 2-4 parts, antioxidant 3-5 parts, 5-9 parts hydrogen absorbing agent, 3-9 parts boron nitride, 6-15 parts silicone, 8-16 parts elastic acrylic emulsion modified with fluorosilicone monomer, and nano-ATO aqueous slurry 15 -18 servings.
  • the cable paste includes the following components by weight: 70-80 parts of base oil, 20-23 parts of methyl silicone oil, 2-3 parts of gelling agent, and antioxidant 3-4 parts of agent, 5-8 parts of hydrogen absorbent, 3-6 parts of boron nitride, 6-12 parts of silicone, 8-15 parts of elastic acrylic emulsion modified with fluorosilicone monomer and nano-ATO aqueous slurry 15-16 servings.
  • the cable paste includes the following components by weight: 80 parts of base oil, 23 parts of methyl silicone oil, 3 parts of gelling agent, 4 parts of antioxidant, and hydrogen absorption 8 parts of agent, 6 parts of boron nitride, 12 parts of silicone, 15 parts of elastic acrylic emulsion modified with fluorosilicone monomer and 16 parts of nano-ATO aqueous slurry.
  • the outer surface of the stranded loose tube is further covered with an armor layer, the outer sheath is coated on the outer surface of the armor layer, and the armor layer is located on one side of the outer sheath.
  • a plurality of supporting ribs are provided on the surface, and the supporting ribs are arranged along the axial direction of the armor layer. Between two adjacent supporting ribs cooperate with the surface of the armor layer to form a filling cavity, and a flame retardant glue is arranged in the filling cavity.
  • a shielding layer is further covered between the outer sheath and the armor layer, and the shielding layer is braided with galvanized steel wire, and the braiding density is not less than 90%.
  • the inner wall of the loose tube is provided with four V-shaped grooves, the V-shaped grooves are arranged in the axial direction, the four V-shaped grooves are arranged in pairs, and the two V-shaped grooves are arranged in pairs.
  • the inner wall of the loose tube between the grooves is provided with an easy-pull strip, and the two easy-pull strips are oppositely arranged, and the surface of the loose tube corresponding to the easy-pull strip is provided with a break mark.
  • the present disclosure also provides a method for preparing a flame-retardant air-blown microcable, which is produced by a secondary coating process using a mold core and a mold sleeve.
  • the present disclosure also provides the use of the flame-retardant air-blown microcable in a metropolitan area network, an access network, and light to the home.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a loose tube of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a loose tube surface of the present disclosure.
  • an embodiment of the flame-retardant air-blown microcable according to the present disclosure includes a central reinforcing member 1, and a loose tube 2 is twisted on the outer surface of the central reinforcing member, and an optical fiber unit is disposed in the loose tube. 4 and the first water blocking substance 5, the optical fiber unit is an optical fiber bundle, and the first water blocking substance is a water blocking fiber paste.
  • the outer surface of the twisted loose tube is covered with an outer sheath 6, and the outer sheath is also filled with There are cable paste 7.
  • the flame-retardant air-blown micro-cables newly developed in this disclosure are different from traditional air-blown micro-cable products. They adopt low-smoke, halogen-free, low-friction outer sheath materials, which not only makes the optical cable have good air-blown performance, but also can be used at one time.
  • the air blowing of more than 1KM ensures the mechanical properties of the optical cable, and also makes the optical cable have good flame retardant properties, ensuring that the optical cable can meet the excellent performance of Class C bundle combustion, high light transmittance, and low acid value.
  • Flame retardant air-blown microcables are mainly the protection of the outer sheath.
  • the outer sheath is the first to contact the fire source. Therefore, the material of the outer sheath needs to adopt a new high-performance low-smoke halogen-free material.
  • the formula provided by this disclosure can make the finished product.
  • the optical cable has good mechanical properties. The low friction performance of the outer surface of the optical cable ensures a good air blowing effect. It provides a solution for the optical cable pipeline access and improves the efficiency of pipeline resource utilization.
  • the high-performance low-smoke halogen-free outer sheath makes the optical cable When a fire occurs, the spread speed is low, the amount of smoke is small, the calorific value is released, the acid value is low, the environment is safe, and it has contributed to the construction of multi-network integration.
  • the formula of the present disclosure uses inorganic magnesium hydroxide as a flame retardant, and is a cooperative flame retardant, which ensures that the sheath material meets the C-type bundle combustion, has high light transmittance, low acid value, and reduces the surface friction coefficient.
  • the specific formula components are as follows: In terms of parts by weight, the outer sheath includes the following components: 55 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer EVA, 45 parts of linear low density polyethylene LLDPE, 55 parts of flame retardant, and synergistic flame retardant 9 parts of agent, 11 parts of plasticizer, 3 parts of lubricating agent, 2 parts of coupling agent, 2 parts of compatibilizer, 2 parts of antioxidant, 2 parts of carbon black, 1 part of amide slip agent.
  • the flame-retardant air-blown micro-cable uses a secondary coating production process.
  • the core and the mold sleeve By using the core and the mold sleeve, the outer diameter and wall thickness of the loose tube are reduced, which makes it easier to lay the air-blown micro-cable.
  • the production speed is controlled to ensure the appearance and quality of the loose tube, and at the same time to ensure the precise control of the remaining length of the internal optical fiber, which makes the transmission performance of the internal optical fiber better than ordinary optical cables.
  • an outer sheath is prepared.
  • the flame-retardant air-blown micro-cable must ensure both air-blown performance and flame-retardant performance.
  • the thickness of the outer sheath is minimized on the premise of ensuring the flame-retardant performance of the optical cable.
  • the thickness of the sheath can be 0.7-1.3mm, and the wall thickness of the outer sheath is accurately controlled.
  • the vacuum device is used to precisely control the depth of the outer surface of the optical cable to 0.2 ⁇ 0.1mm, which ensures that the airflow can generate the maximum thrust on the surface of the optical cable to ensure air Blowing performance, reduce the cost of optical cable production and maintenance.
  • the flame-retardant air-blown micro-cable uses new low-smoke halogen-free materials and precise process control, which not only can achieve higher rigidity, toughness and air-blowing performance than ordinary micro-cables, but also achieve the requirements of air-blow laying optical cables
  • the optical fiber has high assembly density, small cable diameter, and light weight.
  • the non-metal structure used can effectively prevent lightning and strong electricity.
  • Its specially designed compact optical cable structure can effectively prevent the sleeve from shrinking and has high flame resistance.
  • Low-smoke and halogen-free outer sheath material can fully guarantee the low spread rate, low smoke generation, low heat release, and low acid value of the optical cable, and reduce the production and subsequent maintenance costs of the optical cable. It is the best choice for air-blow laying methods. Effectively solve the problems of current high cost of ordinary optical cables, difficult construction, and poor capacity for expansion and upgrading.
  • the outer sheath includes the following components in parts by weight: 50 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer EVA, 40 parts of linear low density polyethylene LLDPE, 45 parts of flame retardant, and synergistic flame retardant 8 Parts, 8 parts plasticizer, 1 part lubricant, 1 part coupling agent, 1 part compatibilizer, 1 part antioxidant, 2 parts carbon black, 1 part amide slip agent.
  • the outer sheath comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer EVA, 50 parts of linear low density polyethylene LLDPE, 60 parts of flame retardant, and synergistic flame retardant 12 Parts, 12 parts plasticizer, 4 parts lubricant, 4 parts coupling agent, 3 parts compatibilizer, 3 parts antioxidant, 3 parts carbon black, and 2 parts amide slip agent.
  • the flame retardant is inorganic magnesium hydroxide
  • the synergistic flame retardant is ammonium polyphosphate, which greatly improves the flame retardant effect.
  • the cable paste includes the following components by weight: base oil: 80 parts, methyl silicone oil 23 parts, gelling agent 3 parts, antioxidant 4 parts, hydrogen absorbing agent 8 parts, nitrogen 6 parts of boron, 12 parts of silicone, 15 parts of elastic acrylic emulsion modified with fluorosilicone monomer, and 16 parts of nano-ATO aqueous slurry.
  • base oil 80 parts
  • methyl silicone oil 23 parts gelling agent 3 parts
  • antioxidant 4 parts antioxidant 4 parts
  • hydrogen absorbing agent 8 parts nitrogen 6 parts of boron
  • 12 parts of silicone 15 parts of elastic acrylic emulsion modified with fluorosilicone monomer
  • 16 parts of nano-ATO aqueous slurry 16 parts of nano-ATO aqueous slurry.
  • the cable paste includes the following components: base oil: 88 parts, methyl silicone oil 25 parts, gelling agent 4 parts, antioxidant 5 parts, hydrogen absorbing agent 9 parts, nitriding 9 parts of boron, 15 parts of silicone, 16 parts of elastic acrylic emulsion modified with fluorosilicone monomer, and 18 parts of nano-ATO aqueous slurry.
  • the cable paste includes the following components: base oil: 70 parts, methyl silicone oil 20 parts, gelling agent 2 parts, antioxidant 3 parts, hydrogen absorbing agent 5 parts, nitriding 3 parts of boron, 6 parts of silicone, 8 parts of elastic acrylic emulsion modified with fluorosilicone monomer, and 15 parts of nano-ATO aqueous slurry.
  • the outer surface of the twisted loose tube is also covered with an armor layer 8, an outer sheath is coated on the outer surface of the armor layer, and a plurality of supporting ribs are provided on the surface of the armor layer on one side of the outer sheath.
  • the supporting ribs are arranged along the axial direction of the armoring layer, and two adjacent supporting ribs cooperate with the surface of the armoring layer to form a filling cavity, and a flame-retardant adhesive 9 is arranged in the filling cavity.
  • the armor layer and the outer sheath cooperate to form two layers of protection effects; the support ribs can form abutment with the outer sheath.
  • the support ribs When the outer sheath is extruded, the support ribs will form a certain fusion bond with the outer sheath due to the high temperature. To achieve a better connection effect.
  • the filling cavity formed by two adjacent support ribs can also effectively retain the flame retardant glue, avoiding damage to the flame retardant glue at high temperature preparation, the flame retardant glue can delay the burning time, and also has a certain effect of blocking open flames. And there is only a small amount of smoke after burning, which effectively ensures the flame retardant effect of the optical cable.
  • a shield layer 10 is also covered between the outer sheath and the armor layer.
  • the shield layer is braided with galvanized steel wire.
  • the braid density is not less than 90%.
  • the shield layer can block the open flame and effectively protect the signal transmission of the optical cable from being disturbed.
  • the flame retardant adhesive is effectively retained in the filling cavity, which is more convenient for processing, and can also improve the bending performance of the optical cable, and it should not be damaged.
  • V-shaped grooves 11 are provided on the inner wall of the loose tube, and the V-shaped grooves are arranged in the axial direction, and four V-shaped grooves are provided.
  • the grooves are arranged in pairs.
  • the inner wall of the loose tube between the two V-shaped grooves is set as an easy-pull strip 12, and the two easy-pull strips are opposed to each other. .
  • the easy-pull strip it is only necessary to pull the easy-pull strip. Since the V-shaped grooves are provided on both sides of the inner wall of the easy-pull strip, the easy-pull strip and the loose tube body are easily separated, and the V-shaped groove forms a break.
  • the separated easy-pull strips can be quickly broken through the break marks to prevent the unseparated easy-pull strips from being pulled and loosened between the sleeve body separate.

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Abstract

一种阻燃气吹微缆，包括中心加强件（1）。中心加强件（1）的外表面上绞合有松套管（2）。松套管（2）内设置有光纤单元（4）和第一阻水物质。光纤单元（4）为光纤束。第一阻水物质为阻水纤膏。在绞合的松套管（2）外表面上包覆有外护套（6）。外护套（6）内还填充有缆膏（7）。外护套（6）包括以下组份：乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物EVA 50-60份、线性低密度聚乙烯LLDPE、阻燃剂、协同阻燃剂、增塑剂、润滑剂、偶联剂、相容剂、抗氧剂、炭黑、酰胺类爽滑剂。制备厚度薄，有效保证机械性能，并且具备良好的阻燃性能，保证光缆满足C类成束燃烧，高透光率，低酸值等优良性能。

Description

阻燃气吹微缆
相关公开的交叉引用
本公开要求于2018年8月7日提交中国国家知识产权局的申请号为201810892061.1、名称为“阻燃气吹微缆”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本公开中。
技术领域
本公开涉及通信领域，具体涉及一种阻燃气吹微缆。
背景技术
随着通信运营商网络覆盖密度的日益增加，光缆布线日益密集，室内接入大多采用管道气吹微缆敷设，但光缆又常常扮演火灾导火线的角色，使火灾迅速扩大蔓延，并损坏贵重的电子仪器和设备，影响整个线路的正常运行甚至瘫痪，燃烧时产生的大量烟雾威胁着人生安全，因此，各大生产商都在研发高阻燃、低烟量、低热释放值、低酸度的阻燃气吹微缆，但是在实际过程中还没有特别满意的效果，一般存在的问题为，具有较好的阻燃效果，但是制备光缆套时，成型厚度大，机械性能无法保证，一些能制备厚度较薄的配方，则阻燃效果欠缺。
发明内容
本公开要解决的技术问题是提供一种阻燃气吹微缆，制备厚度薄，有效保证机械性能，并且具备良好的阻燃性能，保证光缆满足C类成束燃烧，高透 光率，低酸值等优良性能。
为了解决上述技术问题，本公开提供了一种阻燃气吹微缆，包括中心加强件，中心加强件的外表面上绞合有松套管，松套管内设置有光纤单元和第一阻水物质，光纤单元为光纤束，第一阻水物质为阻水纤膏，在绞合的松套管外表面上包覆有外护套，外护套内还填充有缆膏；按重量份数计，外护套包括以下组份：乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物EVA 50-60份、线性低密度聚乙烯LLDPE 40-50份、阻燃剂45-60份、协同阻燃剂8-12份、增塑剂8-12份、润滑剂1-4份、偶联剂1-4份、相容剂1-3份、抗氧剂1-3份、炭黑2-3份、酰胺类爽滑剂1-2份。
在一种或多种实施方式中，阻燃剂为无机金属氢氧化物；例如，阻燃剂选自由氢氧化钠铝、氢氧化铝组成的组中的一种或多种；在一种或多种实施方式中，阻燃剂为无机氢氧化镁。
在一种或多种实施方式中，协同阻燃剂为聚磷酸铵。
在一种或多种实施方式中，外护套的厚度为0.7-1.3mm；例如，外护套的厚度为0.7-1.0mm；诸如，外护套的厚度为1mm。
在一种或多种实施方式中，按重量份数计，外护套包括以下组份：乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物EVA 50-55份、线性低密度聚乙烯LLDPE 40-45份、阻燃剂45-55份、协同阻燃剂8-9份、增塑剂8-11份、润滑1-3份、偶联剂1-2份、相容剂1-2份、抗氧剂1-2份、炭黑2-2.5份、酰胺类爽滑剂1-1.5份。
在一种或多种实施方式中，按重量份数计，外护套包括以下组份：乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物EVA 55份、线性低密度聚乙烯LLDPE 45份、阻燃剂55份、协同阻燃剂9份、增塑剂11份、润滑3份、偶联剂2份、相容剂2份、抗氧剂2份、炭黑2份、酰胺类爽滑剂1份。
在一种或多种实施方式中，按重量份数计，缆膏包括以下组份：基础油：70-88份，甲基硅油20-25份、胶凝剂2-4份、抗氧剂3-5份、吸氢剂5-9份、氮化硼3-9份、硅酮6-15份、以氟硅单体改性的弹性丙烯酸乳液8-16份和纳米ATO水性浆料15-18份。
在一种或多种实施方式中，按重量份数计，所述缆膏包括以下组份：基础油70-80份，甲基硅油20-23份、胶凝剂2-3份、抗氧剂3-4份、吸氢剂5-8份、氮化硼3-6份、硅酮6-12份、以氟硅单体改性的弹性丙烯酸乳液8-15份和纳米ATO水性浆料15-16份。
在一种或多种实施方式中，按重量份数计，所述缆膏包括以下组份：基础油80份，甲基硅油23份、胶凝剂3份、抗氧剂4份、吸氢剂8份、氮化硼6份、硅酮12份、以氟硅单体改性的弹性丙烯酸乳液15份和纳米ATO水性浆料16份。
在一种或多种实施方式中，在绞合的松套管外表面上还包覆有铠装层，外护套包覆在铠装层外表面，铠装层位于外护套一侧的表面上设置有多个支撑筋条，支撑筋条沿铠装层轴向方向设置，相邻两个支撑筋条之间与铠装层表面配合形成填充腔，填充腔内设置有阻燃胶。
在一种或多种实施方式中，在外护套和铠装层之间还包覆有屏蔽层，屏蔽层采用镀锌钢丝编织，编织密度不小于90％。
在一种或多种实施方式中，松套管的内壁上设置有四个V型凹槽，V型凹槽沿轴向设置，四个V型凹槽两两配合设置，两个V型凹槽之间的松套管内壁设置为易拉条，两个易拉条相对设置，易拉条对应的松套管表面切设有断痕。
本公开还提供了一种制备阻燃气吹微缆的方法，采用模芯和模套通过二次 被覆工艺进行生产。
本公开还提供了上述阻燃气吹微缆在城域网、接入网和光线到户中的用途。
本公开的有益效果：
阻燃气吹微缆，创新采用高性能低烟无卤新材料构成的外护套，使成品光缆具有良好的机械性能，光缆外表面低摩擦性能保证了良好的气吹效果，为光缆管道接入提供了解决方案，提高管道资源利用效率，另外，高性能低烟无卤外护料使得光缆在火灾发生时，蔓延速度低，发烟量小，热值释放低，酸值低，环保又安全，为多网融合建设作出了贡献。
附图说明
图1是本公开的整体结构示意图；
图2是本公开的松套管截面部分示意图；
图3是本公开的松套管表面示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本公开作进一步说明，以使本领域的技术人员可以更好地理解本公开并能予以实施，但所举实施例不作为对本公开的限定。
参照图1至图3所示，本公开的阻燃气吹微缆的一实施例，包括中心加强件1，中心加强件的外表面上绞合有松套管2，松套管内设置有光纤单元4和第一阻水物质5，光纤单元为光纤束，第一阻水物质为阻水纤膏，在绞合的松套管外表面上包覆有外护套6，外护套内还填充有缆膏7。
本公开所新开发的阻燃气吹微缆，区别于传统的气吹微缆产品，采用低烟、无卤、低摩擦外护套材料，不仅使光缆具有良好的气吹性能，可以一次性气吹1KM以上，保证了光缆的机械性能，还使光缆具备了良好的阻燃性能，保证光缆满足C类成束燃烧，高透光率，低酸值等优良性能。
阻燃气吹微缆最主要是外护套的保护，外护套最先接触火源，因此外护套得材质需要采用高性能低烟无卤新材料，本公开提供的配方，能够使成品光缆具有良好的机械性能，光缆外表面低摩擦性能保证了良好的气吹效果，为光缆管道接入提供了解决方案，提高管道资源利用效率，另外，高性能低烟无卤外护料使得光缆在火灾发生时，蔓延速度低，发烟量小，热值释放低，酸值低，环保又安全，为多网融合建设作出了贡献。
本公开配方采用无机氢氧化镁作为阻燃剂，为协同阻燃剂，保证护套材料满足C类成束燃烧，并具有高透光率，低酸值，降低了表面摩擦系数。具体的配方组分如下：按重量份数计，外护套包括以下组份：乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物EVA 55份、线性低密度聚乙烯LLDPE 45份、阻燃剂55份、协同阻燃剂9份、增塑剂11份、润滑3份、偶联剂2份、相容剂2份、抗氧剂2份、炭黑2份、酰胺类爽滑剂1份。
在生产时，阻燃气吹微缆采用二次被覆生产工艺，通过采用模芯和模套，降低松套管的外径及壁厚，更方便于气吹微缆的敷设。同时控制生产速度，保证松松套管的外表和质量，同时又能保证内部光纤的余长的精确控制，使得内部光纤的传输性能优于普通光缆。
当需要SZ绞合时，可进行绞合工作。
接着制备外护套，阻燃气吹微缆既要保证气吹性能，又要保证阻燃性能，外部护套的厚度在保证光缆阻燃性能的前提下做到最小，通过上述配方形成的 外护套能够做到厚度为0.7-1.3mm，精确控制外护套壁厚同时采用抽真空装置，精确控制光缆外表的纹路深度为0.2±0.1mm，保证气流能在光缆表面产生最大推力以保证气吹性能，降低光缆生产及维护的成本。
阻燃气吹微缆采用新型低烟无卤材料以及精密的工艺控制，使得其不仅能够实现普通微缆所无法达到的较高的刚性、韧性和气吹性能，亦实现了气吹敷设光缆所要求的光纤组装密度高、缆径小、重量轻等特点，采用的非金属结构可以有效防雷击和强电，其特别设计的紧密的光缆结构，可以有效防止套管回缩，并且高阻燃低烟无卤外护料，可以充分保证光缆的低蔓延率、低发烟量、低热释放、低酸值，而且降低了光缆的生产及后期维护成本，是气吹敷设方式的最佳选择，有效解决目前普通光缆成本高、施工难度大、扩容升级能力差的问题。
在实施例中，按重量份数计，外护套包括以下组份：乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物EVA 50份、线性低密度聚乙烯LLDPE 40份、阻燃剂45份、协同阻燃剂8份、增塑剂8份、润滑剂1份、偶联剂1份、相容剂1份、抗氧剂1份、炭黑2份、酰胺类爽滑剂1份。
在实施例中，按重量份数计，外护套包括以下组份：乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物EVA 60份、线性低密度聚乙烯LLDPE 50份、阻燃剂60份、协同阻燃剂12份、增塑剂12份、润滑剂4份、偶联剂4份、相容剂3份、抗氧剂3份、炭黑3份、酰胺类爽滑剂2份。
上述多个实施例中的，阻燃剂为无机氢氧化镁，协同阻燃剂为聚磷酸铵，大大提高阻燃效果。
为了提高耐高温效果，按重量份数计，缆膏包括以下组份：基础油：80份，甲基硅油23份、胶凝剂3份、抗氧剂4份、吸氢剂8份、氮化硼6份、 硅酮12份、以氟硅单体改性的弹性丙烯酸乳液15份和纳米ATO水性浆料16份。此缆膏配方在高温环境下具有良好的阻热效果，自身热传导效率低，有效保护内部光纤，并且在使用时还具有良好的弹性，整体结构稳定性，膨胀系数小，以保证光缆整体可靠性。
在实施例中，按重量份数计，缆膏包括以下组份：基础油：88份，甲基硅油25份、胶凝剂4份、抗氧剂5份、吸氢剂9份、氮化硼9份、硅酮15份、以氟硅单体改性的弹性丙烯酸乳液16份和纳米ATO水性浆料18份。
在实施例中，按重量份数计，缆膏包括以下组份：基础油：70份，甲基硅油20份、胶凝剂2份、抗氧剂3份、吸氢剂5份、氮化硼3份、硅酮6份、以氟硅单体改性的弹性丙烯酸乳液8份和纳米ATO水性浆料15份。
在绞合的松套管外表面上还包覆有铠装层8，外护套包覆在铠装层外表面，铠装层位于外护套一侧的表面上设置有多个支撑筋条，支撑筋条沿铠装层轴向方向设置，相邻两个支撑筋条之间与铠装层表面配合形成填充腔，填充腔内设置有阻燃胶9。铠装层和外护套配合形成两层保护效果；支撑筋条能够与外护套形成抵接，在外护套挤出成型时，支撑筋会因高温而与外护套形成一定的熔融结合，达到较佳的连接效果。并且相邻两个支撑筋条形成的填充腔也能够有效的保留阻燃胶，避免高温制备下对阻燃胶的破坏，阻燃胶能够延缓燃烧的时间，也具有一定的阻隔明火的效果，并且在燃烧后只有少量烟雾，有效保证光缆的阻燃效果。
在外护套和铠装层之间还包覆有屏蔽层10，屏蔽层采用镀锌钢丝编织，编织密度不小于90％，屏蔽层能够阻隔明火和有效保护光缆的信号传输不被干扰，并且将阻燃胶有效保留在填充腔内，加工更为便捷，还可以提高光缆的弯曲性能，不宜损坏。
由于光缆在连接时需要将光纤拨出，而采用剥皮工具会损伤光纤，因此在松套管的内壁上设置有四个V型凹槽11，V型凹槽沿轴向设置，四个V型凹槽两两配合设置，两个V型凹槽之间的松套管内壁设置为易拉条12，两个易拉条相对设置，易拉条对应的松套管表面切设有断痕13。在将光纤剥出时，只需要拉扯易拉条，由于在易拉条位于内壁的两侧设置有V型凹槽，易拉条与松套管本体之间易分开，V型凹槽形成断裂导向效果；在易拉条上的断痕能够在开剥足够长的距离后，分离的易拉条可以通过断痕快速拉断，避免未分离的易拉条被牵扯与松套管本体之间分开。
以上实施例仅是为充分说明本公开而所举的较佳的实施例，本公开的保护范围不限于此。本技术领域的技术人员在本公开基础上所作的等同替代或变换，均在本公开的保护范围之内。本公开的保护范围以权利要求书为准。
工业实用性：
阻燃气吹微缆，创新采用高性能低烟无卤新材料构成的外护套，使成品光缆具有良好的机械性能，光缆外表面低摩擦性能保证了良好的气吹效果，为光缆管道接入提供了解决方案，提高管道资源利用效率，另外，高性能低烟无卤外护料使得光缆在火灾发生时，蔓延速度低，发烟量小，热值释放低，酸值低，环保又安全，为多网融合建设作出了贡献。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种阻燃气吹微缆，其特征在于，包括中心加强件(1)，所述中心加强件(1)的外表面上绞合有松套管(2)，所述松套管(2)内设置有光纤单元(4)和第一阻水物质，所述光纤单元(4)为光纤束，所述第一阻水物质为阻水纤膏，在绞合的松套管(2)外表面上包覆有外护套(6)，所述外护套(6)内还填充有缆膏(7)；按重量份数计，所述外护套(6)包括以下组份：乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物EVA 50-60份、线性低密度聚乙烯LLDPE 40-50份、阻燃剂45-60份、协同阻燃剂8-12份、增塑剂8-12份、润滑剂1-4份、偶联剂1-4份、相容剂1-3份、抗氧剂1-3份、炭黑2-3份、酰胺类爽滑剂1-2份。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的阻燃气吹微缆，其特征在于，所述阻燃剂为无机金属氢氧化物。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的阻燃气吹微缆，其特征在于，所述阻燃剂选自由氢氧化钠铝、氢氧化铝组成的组中的一种或多种。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的阻燃气吹微缆，其特征在于，所述阻燃剂为无机氢氧化镁。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的阻燃气吹微缆，其特征在于，所述协同阻燃剂为聚磷酸铵。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的阻燃气吹微缆，其特征在于，所述外护套(6)的厚度为0.7-1.3mm。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的阻燃气吹微缆，其特征在于，所述外护套(6)的厚度为0.7-1.0mm。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的组燃气微缆，其特征在于，所述外护套(6)的厚度为1.0mm。
  9. 如权利要求1所述的阻燃气吹微缆，其特征在于，按重量份数计， 外护套(6)包括以下组份：乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物EVA 50-55份、线性低密度聚乙烯LLDPE 40-45份、阻燃剂45-55份、协同阻燃剂8-9份、增塑剂8-11份、润滑1-3份、偶联剂1-2份、相容剂1-2份、抗氧剂1-2份、炭黑2-2.5份、酰胺类爽滑剂1-1.5份。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的阻燃气吹微缆，其特征在于，按重量份数计，所述外护套(6)包括以下组份：所述乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物EVA 55份、线性低密度聚乙烯LLDPE 45份、阻燃剂55份、协同阻燃剂9份、增塑剂11份、润滑3份、偶联剂2份、相容剂2份、抗氧剂2份、炭黑2份、酰胺类爽滑剂1份。
  11. 如权利要求1所述的阻燃气吹微缆，其特征在于，按重量份数计，所述缆膏(7)包括以下组份：基础油70-88份，甲基硅油20-25份、胶凝剂2-4份、抗氧剂3-5份、吸氢剂5-9份、氮化硼3-9份、硅酮6-15份、以氟硅单体改性的弹性丙烯酸乳液8-16份和纳米ATO水性浆料15-18份。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的阻燃气吹微缆，其特征在于，按重量份数计，所述缆膏(7)包括以下组份：基础油70-80份，甲基硅油20-23份、胶凝剂2-3份、抗氧剂3-4份、吸氢剂5-8份、氮化硼3-6份、硅酮6-12份、以氟硅单体改性的弹性丙烯酸乳液8-15份和纳米ATO水性浆料15-16份。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的阻燃气吹微缆，其特征在于，按重量份数计，所述缆膏(7)包括以下组份：基础油80份，甲基硅油23份、胶凝剂3份、抗氧剂4份、吸氢剂8份、氮化硼6份、硅酮12份、以氟硅单体改性的弹性丙烯酸乳液15份和纳米ATO水性浆料16份。
  14. 如权利要求1所述的阻燃气吹微缆，其特征在于，在绞合的松套管(2)外表面上还包覆有铠装层(8)，所述外护套(6)包覆在铠装层(8)外表面，所述铠装层(8)位于外护套(6)一侧的表面上设置有多个支撑筋条，所述支撑筋条沿铠装层(8)轴向方向设置，相邻两个支撑筋条之间与铠装层(8)表面配合形成填充腔，所述填充腔内设置有阻燃胶(9)。
  15. 如权利要求14所述的阻燃气吹微缆，其特征在于，在所述外护套(6)和铠装层(8)之间还包覆有屏蔽层(10)，所述屏蔽层(10)采用镀锌钢丝编织，编织密度不小于90％。
  16. 如权利要求14所述的阻燃气吹微缆，其特征在于，所述松套管(2)的内壁上设置有四个V型凹槽，所述V型凹槽沿轴向设置，四个所述V型凹槽两两配合设置，两个所述V型凹槽之间的松套管(2)内壁设置为易拉条，两个易拉条相对设置，所述易拉条对应的松套管(2)表面切设有断痕。
  17. 一种制备如权利要求1所述阻燃气吹微缆的方法，采用模芯和模套通过二次被覆工艺进行生产。
  18. 如权利要求1所述的阻燃气吹微缆在城域网、接入网和光线到户中的用途。
PCT/CN2019/098726 2018-08-07 2019-07-31 阻燃气吹微缆 WO2020029856A1 (zh)

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