WO2020029227A1 - 灭火剂喷射系统、方法及举高消防车 - Google Patents

灭火剂喷射系统、方法及举高消防车 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020029227A1
WO2020029227A1 PCT/CN2018/099860 CN2018099860W WO2020029227A1 WO 2020029227 A1 WO2020029227 A1 WO 2020029227A1 CN 2018099860 W CN2018099860 W CN 2018099860W WO 2020029227 A1 WO2020029227 A1 WO 2020029227A1
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Prior art keywords
fire extinguishing
extinguishing agent
pressure
conveying pipe
pipe section
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PCT/CN2018/099860
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
田志坚
阚四华
徐小东
李银波
Original Assignee
徐工集团工程机械股份有限公司
徐工消防安全装备有限公司
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Application filed by 徐工集团工程机械股份有限公司, 徐工消防安全装备有限公司 filed Critical 徐工集团工程机械股份有限公司
Priority to DE112018007901.5T priority Critical patent/DE112018007901B4/de
Priority to PCT/CN2018/099860 priority patent/WO2020029227A1/zh
Priority to RU2021104235A priority patent/RU2757729C1/ru
Publication of WO2020029227A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020029227A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C31/00—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material
    • A62C31/02—Nozzles specially adapted for fire-extinguishing
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C27/00—Fire-fighting land vehicles
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C31/00—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C35/00—Permanently-installed equipment
    • A62C35/02—Permanently-installed equipment with containers for delivering the extinguishing substance
    • A62C35/023—Permanently-installed equipment with containers for delivering the extinguishing substance the extinguishing material being expelled by compressed gas, taken from storage tanks, or by generating a pressure gas
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C37/00—Control of fire-fighting equipment

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the technical field of fire fighting and extinguishing, and in particular, to a fire extinguishing agent spraying system and method, and raising a fire truck.
  • the dry powder fire extinguishing system generally includes a dry powder storage container, a driving component, a conveying pipeline, a spraying component, a detection and control device, and the like.
  • the general dry powder fire truck uses a fixed dry powder fire extinguishing system, and its system components are all fixedly installed, mostly used in fixed places.
  • Existing lift fire trucks have all the dry powder fire extinguishing system components fixedly mounted on a driveable chassis.
  • the fire extinguishing principle is the same as the fixed dry powder fire extinguishing system, but the transmission pipeline is longer and the transportation pipeline is lifted.
  • the height is adjustable, and the direction and length of the conveying pipeline are dynamically changed during the operation. Therefore, it is not limited to fixed places and has a wider range of applications.
  • This constant-pressure dry powder tank pressure setting method has disadvantages in raising the efficiency of high-pressure nitrogen blowing dry powder for fire trucks.
  • the injection pressure Pb of the dry powder tank must be able to overcome the pressure loss and head pressure loss of the dry powder delivery pipeline, and only when it is ensured that the dry powder gas-solid two-phase flow reaches the injector inlet
  • the pressure Pe is greater than or equal to the pressure required for the injector to work, the range and fire extinguishing ability of the injector can be guaranteed. Therefore, if the constant pressure control method is used, if the Pb pressure is insufficient, it will not only affect the injector's performance.
  • the spraying efficiency and the dry powder residual rate in the tank exceed the standard and the dry powder deposition in the pipeline; High pressure will not only waste high-pressure nitrogen, but also affect the fire extinguishing performance of dry powder due to large changes in gas-solid. This effect is more prominent for large fire trucks over 30 meters in height.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure provide a fire extinguishing agent spraying system and method, and raising a fire truck to solve the problem that the existing dry powder spraying system cannot provide a proper spraying pressure.
  • a fire extinguishing agent spray system including:
  • a first storage for storing a fire extinguishing agent
  • a second storage which is used to store the blowing gas and is connected to the first storage to blow out the fire extinguishing agent when the blowing gas passes through the first storage;
  • a conveying pipe connected between the first storage and the first ejector for conveying a mixture of fire extinguishing agent and blowing gas
  • a pressure control valve provided between the first storage and the second storage for controlling the outlet pressure of the second storage
  • the controller is used to calculate the pressure difference between the mixture of the fire extinguishing agent and the blowing gas between the inlet and the outlet of the delivery pipe, and adjust the control pressure of the pressure control valve according to the calculated pressure difference.
  • the delivery pipeline includes a retractable first delivery pipe section
  • the fire extinguishing agent injection system further includes:
  • the length detecting device is used for detecting the length of the first conveying pipe section, and is connected with the controller signal, so that the controller calculates the pressure difference according to the length detected by the length detecting device.
  • the conveying pipeline includes a first conveying pipe section, and the inclination angle of the first conveying pipe section with respect to the ground is adjustable.
  • the fire extinguishing agent spraying system further includes:
  • the angle detection device is used to detect the inclination angle of the first conveying pipe section relative to the ground, and is connected to the controller signal so that the controller calculates the pressure difference according to the angle detected by the angle detection device.
  • the conveying pipeline includes a retractable first conveying pipe section, and the inclination angle of the first conveying pipe section with respect to the ground is adjustable.
  • the fire extinguishing agent spraying system further includes:
  • a length detecting device for detecting the length of the first conveying pipe section and being connected to the controller signal so that the controller calculates a pressure difference based on the length detected by the length detecting device;
  • the angle detection device is used to detect the inclination angle of the first conveying pipe section relative to the ground, and is connected to the controller signal so that the controller calculates the pressure difference according to the inclination angle detected by the angle detection device.
  • the fire extinguishing agent injection system further includes:
  • a pressure detection device for detecting the pressure of the mixture of the fire extinguishing agent and the blowing gas before reaching the inlet of the first ejector, and connected with the controller signal, so that the controller adjusts the pressure control valve according to the pressure value detected by the pressure detection device Control pressure.
  • the pressure control valve is a proportional regulating valve.
  • the delivery pipeline includes a first delivery pipe section
  • the fire extinguishing agent injection system further includes:
  • the turning device is arranged between the first storage and the first conveying pipe section, so that the first conveying pipe section can rotate 360 ° relative to the first storage.
  • the fire extinguishing agent injection system further includes:
  • Outgoing pipeline for connecting fire extinguishing agent supply device, blowing gas supply device or mixture supply device of fire extinguishing agent and blowing gas, and connecting to the conveying pipe;
  • the delivery control valve is arranged on the delivery pipeline and is used to control the on-off or flow-through area of the delivery pipeline.
  • the fire extinguishing agent injection system further includes:
  • At least one second injector is connected to the first storage and is used to spray a mixture of fire extinguishing agent and blowing gas.
  • the fire extinguishing agent injection system further includes:
  • a connecting pipe connected between the second storage and the conveying pipe
  • the first control valve is arranged on the connection pipeline and is used to control the on-off or flow-through area of the connection pipeline.
  • a lifting fire truck including the above fire extinguishing agent spray system.
  • an injection method based on the above fire extinguishing agent injection system including:
  • the control pressure of the pressure control valve is adjusted according to the calculated pressure difference.
  • the transport pipeline includes a retractable first transport pipeline segment, and the method further includes:
  • the pressure difference is calculated from the detected length.
  • the conveying pipeline includes a first conveying pipe segment, and the inclination angle of the first conveying pipe segment with respect to the ground is adjustable.
  • the above method further includes:
  • the pressure difference is calculated from the detected tilt angle.
  • the conveying pipeline includes a retractable first conveying pipe section, and the inclination angle of the first conveying pipe section with respect to the ground is adjustable.
  • the above method further includes:
  • the pressure difference is calculated from the detected length and tilt angle.
  • the above also includes:
  • the control pressure of the pressure control valve is adjusted according to the detected pressure value.
  • the present disclosure can calculate the pressure difference between the inlet and the outlet of the conveying pipe of the mixture of the fire extinguishing agent and the blowing gas by setting the controller, and the control pressure of the pressure control valve can be adjusted according to the pressure difference, thereby
  • the pressure of the mixture of the fire extinguishing agent and the blowing gas when it reaches the inlet of the first ejector can be matched with the pressure required when the first ejector works, so as to avoid the waste of the blowing gas caused by the excessive control pressure of the pressure control valve. Or it may cause a large gas-solid to affect the fire extinguishing performance. It can also prevent the ejection efficiency of the injector or the dry powder residual rate in the tank from exceeding the standard and the dry powder deposition in the pipeline because the control pressure of the pressure control valve is too small.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a fire extinguishing agent injection system of the present disclosure.
  • the head pressure of the pipe section after elevation correction can be calculated according to the following formula:
  • p b head pressure (MPa) of the pipe section after elevation correction
  • ⁇ the angle between the fluid flow direction and the horizontal plane (°);
  • ⁇ Q the density of the driving gas in the pipeline (kg / m 3 );
  • ⁇ q0 the density of the driving gas under the corresponding pressure condition, (kg / m 3 );
  • the spray pressure setting value p b of the dry powder storage in the dry powder spraying system is mainly related to the length of the conveying pipeline L Y and the angle ⁇ formed by the pipeline and the horizontal plane. After analysis, it is found that empirical values can be obtained through multiple measurements and calculations, so the remaining parameters are taken as constant physical parameters.
  • the present disclosure provides an improved fire extinguishing agent injection system.
  • the fire extinguishing agent spraying system includes a first storage 1, a second storage 13, a first ejector 11, a delivery pipe, and a pressure control. Valve 17 and controller 12.
  • the first storage 1 is used to store the fire extinguishing agent;
  • the second storage 13 is used to store the blowing gas, and is connected to the first storage 1 to blow out the fire extinguishing agent when the blowing gas passes through the first storage 1;
  • the first ejector 11 It is used for spraying the fire extinguishing agent and blowing gas;
  • the delivery pipe is connected between the first reservoir 1 and the first ejector 11 for conveying the mixture of fire extinguishing agent and blowing gas;
  • the pressure control valve 17 is provided in the first reservoir 1 and
  • the second storage 13 is used to control the outlet pressure of the second storage 13;
  • the controller 12 is used to calculate the pressure difference between the inlet and the outlet of the delivery pipe of the mixture of the fire extinguishing agent and the blowing gas, and according to the calculated pressure The control pressure of the differential control pressure control valve 17.
  • the pressure difference between the inlet and the outlet of the mixture of the fire extinguishing agent and the blowing gas can be calculated, and the control pressure of the pressure control valve can be adjusted according to the pressure difference.
  • the conveying pipeline includes a retractable first conveying pipe section 5, and the fire extinguishing agent spraying system further includes a length detecting device 6, the length detecting device 6 is used to detect the length of the first conveying pipe section 5, and is signal-connected to the controller 12, The controller 12 calculates the pressure difference based on the length detected by the length detection device 6.
  • the length of the first conveying pipe section 5 can be detected in real time. Based on the length, the mixture of the fire extinguishing agent and the blowing gas can be calculated to flow through the first conveying pipe section 5 due to the expansion and contraction of the first conveying pipe section 5. The amount of pressure lost afterwards, so that the controller 12 can adjust the control pressure of the pressure control valve 17 according to the pressure, so that the mixture of the fire extinguishing agent and the blowing gas reaches the first through the delivery pipe after being ejected from the first storage 1
  • the pressure at the inlet of the injector can be matched with the pressure required when the first injector 11 is in operation.
  • the conveying pipeline includes a first conveying pipe section 5, the inclination angle of the first conveying pipe section 5 relative to the ground is adjustable, and the fire extinguishing agent spraying system further includes an angle detecting device 7 for detecting the first conveying pipe section 5.
  • the inclination angle with respect to the ground is signal-connected to the controller 12 so that the controller 12 calculates the pressure difference according to the angle detected by the angle detection device 7.
  • the angle detection device 7 By setting the angle detection device 7, the inclination angle of the first conveying pipe section 5 with respect to the ground can be detected in real time, and the fire extinguishing agent and the blowing gas can be calculated based on the inclination angle of the first conveying pipe section 5 with respect to the ground.
  • the pressure when 1 reaches the inlet of the first ejector through the conveying pipe after ejection can be matched with the pressure required when the first ejector 11 works.
  • the fire extinguishing agent injection system includes both a length detection device 6 and an angle detection device 7.
  • the fire extinguishing agent injection system further includes a pressure detecting device 10 for detecting the pressure of the mixture of the fire extinguishing agent and the blowing gas before reaching the inlet of the first ejector 11, and the signal is connected to the controller 12.
  • the controller 12 adjusts the control pressure of the pressure control valve 17 according to the pressure value detected by the pressure detection device 10.
  • the controller 12 may compare the pressure detected by the pressure detection device 10 with an ideal pressure required when the first injector 11 works, and when the pressure detected by the pressure detection device 10 is required by the first injector 11 When the ideal pressures are different, the controller 12 can adjust the control pressure of the pressure control valve 17 to make the pressure detected by the pressure detection device 10 as close as possible to the ideal pressure required by the first injector 11.
  • the pressure of the mixture of the fire extinguishing agent and the blowing gas before reaching the inlet of the first ejector 11 can be detected in real time, and the pressure value of the pressure control valve 17 can be detected in real time by the pressure value detected by the pressure detection device 10.
  • the pressure is controlled to adjust to further ensure that the pressure of the mixture of the fire extinguishing agent and the blowing gas after being discharged from the first storage 1 through the delivery pipe to the inlet of the first ejector can be matched with the pressure required when the first ejector 11 works. match.
  • the pressure control valve 17 is optionally a proportional regulating valve.
  • the pressure control valve 17 is a proportional control valve.
  • the control pressure of the pressure control valve 17 can be adjusted, which is convenient for adjusting the blowing pressure of the blowing gas.
  • the controller 12 can adjust the set pressure of the pressure reducing valve to adjust the outlet pressure of the second storage 13.
  • the pressure control valve 17 is an electric proportional regulating valve or a pneumatic proportional regulating valve.
  • the fire extinguishing agent injection system further includes a turning device 4 which is disposed between the first storage 1 and the first conveying pipe section 5 so that the first conveying pipe section 5 can rotate 360 ° relative to the first storage 1 .
  • the first conveying pipe section 5 can be rotated 360 ° relative to the first storage 1, so that the first injector 11 can spray in different directions, making the spraying direction more flexible.
  • the fire extinguishing agent injection system further includes an outgoing pipe 28 and an outgoing control valve 29.
  • the outgoing pipe 28 is used to connect a fire extinguishing agent supply device, a blowing gas supply device, or a mixture supplying device of a fire extinguishing agent and a blowing gas, and the delivery device.
  • Pipe connection; an outbound control valve 29 is provided on the outbound pipeline 28 and is used to control the on-off or flow-through area of the outbound pipeline 28.
  • the fire extinguishing agent spray system can be provided with fire extinguishing agent and / or blowing gas through the delivery equipment.
  • replenishment can be extended through delivery equipment to extend the working time of the fire extinguishing agent injection system, to achieve joint operations with ordinary fire extinguishing agent injection systems, and to achieve complementary functions and superimposed effects.
  • the delivery equipment can be a source of fire extinguishing agent, a source of blowing gas, an ordinary constant pressure fire extinguishing fire truck or other forms of fire extinguishing fire fighting equipment.
  • the fire extinguishing agent injection system further includes at least one second injector 32, and the at least one second injector 32 is connected to the first storage 1 for ejecting the mixture of the fire extinguishing agent and the blowing gas.
  • the first injector 11 can be operated when the first injector 11 fails, and a mixture of a fire extinguishing agent and a blowing gas can also be injected through multiple injectors at the same time, thereby improving fire extinguishing efficiency.
  • the second ejector 32 may be connected to the first conveying pipe section 5, or may be directly communicated with the first storage 1, or may be in communication with the second conveying pipe section 3 between the first storage 1 and the first conveying pipe section 5.
  • the fire extinguishing agent injection system may further include a connection pipe 21 and a first control valve 20, and the connection pipe 21 is connected between the second storage 13 and the transportation pipe; the first control valve 20 is provided on the connection pipe 21 and is used to control the connection pipe 21 The area of continuity or flow.
  • the blowing gas can be directly sent to the transportation pipe without passing through the first storage 1, so that when the blowing gas is insufficient, the blowing gas can be replenished separately through the connection pipe 21;
  • the problem of clogging is solved by sending the blowing gas; of course, the fire extinguishing effect can also be achieved by only sending the blowing gas.
  • the present disclosure also proposes an elevated fire truck including the above fire extinguishing agent spray system.
  • the lifting fire truck may further include a vehicle chassis, and the first storage 1 and the second storage 13 may both be disposed on the vehicle chassis.
  • the present disclosure also provides a spraying method, which includes:
  • a first storage device for storing a fire extinguishing agent, a second storage device connected to the first storage device and used for storing blown gas, a first injector, and a first storage device connected between the first storage device and the first injection device are provided.
  • a delivery pipe and a pressure control valve provided between the first storage and the second storage;
  • the control pressure of the pressure control valve 17 is adjusted based on the calculated pressure difference.
  • the delivery pipeline includes a retractable first delivery pipe section 5, and the spraying method further includes:
  • the pressure difference is calculated from the detected length.
  • the delivery pipeline includes a first delivery pipe section 5, and the spraying method further includes:
  • the pressure difference is calculated from the detected tilt angle.
  • the delivery pipeline includes a retractable first delivery pipe section 5, and the spraying method further includes:
  • the pressure difference is calculated from the detected length and tilt angle.
  • the spraying method further includes:
  • the control pressure of the pressure control valve 17 is adjusted based on the detected pressure value.
  • the fire extinguishing agent spray system includes a first storage 1 for storing a fire extinguishing agent and a second storage 13 for storing a blown gas.
  • the first storage 1 is connected to the first injector 11 through a pipeline.
  • the transfer pipeline includes a first transfer pipeline section 5, a second transfer pipeline section 3, and a third transfer pipeline section 9.
  • the first conveying pipe section 5 is connected between the second conveying pipe section 3 and the third conveying pipe section 9, the second conveying pipe section 3 is connected with the first storage 1, the second conveying pipe section 3 is provided with a second control valve 2, and the third conveying pipe
  • the pipe section 9 is connected to the first injector 11, and the third conveying pipe section 9 is provided with a third control valve 8.
  • the first conveying pipe section 5 includes a plurality of sections of nested pipelines. The movement of one section relative to the other section can be used to achieve the expansion and contraction of the first conveying pipe section 5, thereby changing the length of the first conveying pipe section 5.
  • a turning device 4 is provided between the first conveying pipe section 5 and the second conveying pipe section 3.
  • the first conveying pipe section 5 is provided with a length detecting device 6 and an angle detecting device 7 (the figure is only schematic, and the specific structure is not shown).
  • a pressure detecting device 10 is provided at the entrance of the first injector 11.
  • the fire extinguishing agent injection system further includes a controller 12, and the length detection device 6, the angle detection device 7, and the pressure detection device 10 are all signal-connected to the controller 12 to send measurement data to the controller 12.
  • the output end of the controller 12 is connected to the pressure control valve 17 to control the control pressure of the pressure control valve 17.
  • the second storage 13 is provided with a plurality of high-pressure nitrogen storage tanks, and the second storage 13 is also connected to an inflation valve 14. When the remaining amount of nitrogen in the storage tank is small, it can be supplemented by the inflation valve 14.
  • a high-pressure ball valve 15 and a first pressure gauge 16 are provided on a connection pipe between the second storage 13 and the pressure control valve 17.
  • a fourth control valve 19 is provided on a connection pipe between the pressure control valve 17 and the first injector 11.
  • a connection pipe 21 is provided between the pressure control valve 17 and the second conveying pipe section 3.
  • a first control valve 20 is provided on the connection pipe 21, and a second pressure gauge 18 is provided between the pressure control valve 17 and the first control valve 20.
  • the first storage 1 is provided with a safety valve 27.
  • the first storage 1 may also be connected with a fire extinguishing agent delivery pipe, and the fire extinguishing agent delivery pipe can transport the fire extinguishing agent into the first storage 1.
  • An exhaust ball valve 24, a third pressure gauge 23, and a filter 22 are provided on another pipe connected to the first reservoir 1.
  • the fire extinguishing agent injection system further includes a second injector 32, the second injector 32 is connected to the second conveying pipe section 3, and a sixth control valve 30 and Reel 31.
  • the second conveying pipe section 3 is also connected with an outgoing pipeline 28, and the outgoing pipeline 28 is provided with an outgoing control valve 29.
  • a third injector 26 is also connected to the first reservoir 1, and a fifth control valve 25 is provided on a connection line between the first reservoir 1 and the third injector 26.
  • the length detection device 6 and the angle detecting device 7 can respectively detect the length L Y and the relative length of the first conveying pipe section 5.
  • the pressure loss of the fire extinguishing agent and the blowing gas flowing through the first conveying pipe section 5 can be calculated, and the second conveying pipe section 3 and the third conveying pipe can be calculated.
  • pressure loss pipe 9 can also be calculated, the injection pressure can be calculated give an outlet of the first memory required for high fire under different operating posture in accordance with the value of the pressure p b loss in the pipeline.
  • the controller 12 can also adjust the control pressure of the pressure control valve 17 in real time according to the pressure detected by the pressure detection device 10.
  • the corresponding correspondence is calibrated.
  • the required injection pressure value p b at the outlet of the first memory 1 is first calculated by the controller 12 in real time, and then the logic control module in the controller 12 is called to output and The matching control current (or voltage) signal, so that the blowing pressure value output by the pressure control valve 17 after decompression can make the pressure of the mixture of the fire extinguishing agent and the blowing gas reach the outlet of the first storage 1 to ensure that p b ,
  • the pressure of the mixture of the fire extinguishing agent and the blowing gas when it reaches the inlet of the first ejector can be matched with the pressure required when the first ejector works.
  • the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of the mixture of the fire extinguishing agent and the blowing gas can be calculated, and the control pressure of the pressure control valve can be automatically adjusted according to the pressure difference, so that the first injector
  • the inlet pressure is matched with the pressure required when the first ejector works, improving the fire extinguishing performance
  • the length detection device and angle detection device the length and inclination angle of the conveying pipeline can be detected in real time, and then the control pressure of the pressure control valve can be adjusted in real time to achieve the elongation and change of different booms of the fire truck.

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  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
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  • Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

一种灭火剂喷射系统、方法及举高消防车，灭火剂喷射系统包括：第一存储器（1），用于存储灭火剂；第二存储器（13），用于存储吹送气体，并与第一存储器（1）连接，以在吹送气体经过第一存储器（1）时将灭火剂吹出；第一喷射器（11），用于将灭火剂和吹送气体喷出；输送管道，连接在第一存储器（1）和第一喷射器（11）之间，用于输送灭火剂和吹送气体的混合物；压力控制阀（17），设置在第一存储器（1）与第二存储器（13）之间，用于控制第二存储器（13）的出口压力；控制器（12），用于计算灭火剂和吹送气体的混合物在输送管道的进口和出口之间的压力差，并根据计算所得的压力差调节压力控制阀（17）的控制压力。该灭火剂喷射系统可以对灭火剂和吹送气体的混合物在到达第一喷射器（11）进口时的压力进行自动调节。

Description

灭火剂喷射系统、方法及举高消防车 技术领域
本公开涉及消防灭火技术领域，尤其涉及一种灭火剂喷射系统、方法及举高消防车。
背景技术
干粉灭火系统一般包括干粉贮存容器、驱动组件、输送管道、喷放组件、探测和控制器件等。一般的干粉消防车采用固定式干粉灭火系统，其系统组件全部是固定安装的，多用于固定场所。而现有的举高消防车则是将干粉灭火系统组件全部固定安装在可行驶的底盘上，其灭火原理与固定式干粉灭火系统相同，但输送管路更长，且输送管路的举升高度可调，在作业过程中输送管路的走向和长度等都是动态变化的，因此不局限于固定场所，适用范围更广泛。
一般的干粉消防车和现有的举高消防车的干粉吹送系统均为定压吹送，其控制吹送压力仅依靠一个膜片式的控制阀，利用其中主阀活塞的上下运动调整主阀开度和出口压力，调节灵敏度差，调节时间长，压力波动大，因此实际使用时均把控制阀调定为出口压力为一个定值，然后铅封控制阀的锁紧螺母，使干粉罐充压值固定。
这种定压式的干粉罐压力设定方式对于举高消防车的高压氮气吹送干粉的效能存在着弊端。举高消防车的干粉喷射系统要想正常工作，其干粉罐的喷射压力Pb必须能克服干粉输送管路的压力损失和扬程压力损失，并且只有当保证了干粉气固两相流到达喷射器入口时，其压力Pe大于或等于喷射器工作时需要的压力，喷射器的射程和灭火能力才能得到保证，因此，若采用定压式的控压方式，如果Pb压力不足，将不仅影响喷射器的喷射效能，而且导致罐体内干粉剩余率(即，系统喷放结束后，干粉贮存容器内剩余干粉灭火剂质量与初始充装干粉灭火剂质量比值的百分数)超标和管路内干粉沉积；如果Pb压力偏高，将不仅浪费高压氮气，而且会因气固比较大的变化影响到干粉的灭火性能。这种影响对于超过30米以上的大型举高消防车更为突出。
可见，现有举高消防车的干粉喷射系统的定压喷射装置存在很多弊端，无法保证提供合适的喷射压力，亟需设计一种能够提供合适的喷射压力的干粉喷射系统。
需要说明的是，公开于本公开背景技术部分的信息仅仅旨在增加对本公开的总体 背景的理解，而不应当被视为承认或以任何形式暗示该信息构成已为本领域技术人员所公知的相关技术。
发明内容
本公开实施例提出一种灭火剂喷射系统、方法及举高消防车，以解决现有的干粉喷射系统无法提供合适的喷射压力的问题。
根据本公开的第一个方面，提供一种灭火剂喷射系统，包括：
第一存储器，用于存储灭火剂；
第二存储器，用于存储吹送气体，并与第一存储器连接，以在吹送气体经过第一存储器时将灭火剂吹出；
第一喷射器，用于将灭火剂和吹送气体喷出；
输送管道，连接在第一存储器和第一喷射器之间，用于输送灭火剂和吹送气体的混合物；
压力控制阀，设置在第一存储器与第二存储器之间，用于控制第二存储器的出口压力；和
控制器，用于计算灭火剂和吹送气体的混合物在输送管道的进口和出口之间的压力差，并根据计算所得的压力差调节压力控制阀的控制压力。
可选地，输送管道包括可伸缩的第一输送管段，灭火剂喷射系统还包括：
长度检测装置，用于检测第一输送管段的长度，且与控制器信号连接，以使控制器根据长度检测装置所检测的长度计算压力差。
可选地，输送管道包括第一输送管段，第一输送管段相对于地面的倾斜角度可调，灭火剂喷射系统还包括：
角度检测装置，用于检测第一输送管段相对于地面的倾斜角度，且与控制器信号连接，以使控制器根据角度检测装置所检测的角度计算压力差。
可选地，输送管道包括可伸缩的第一输送管段，第一输送管段相对于地面的倾斜角度可调，灭火剂喷射系统还包括：
长度检测装置，用于检测第一输送管段的长度，且与控制器信号连接，以使控制器根据长度检测装置所检测的长度计算压力差；和
角度检测装置，用于检测第一输送管段相对于地面的倾斜角度，且与控制器信号连接，以使控制器根据角度检测装置所检测的倾斜角度计算压力差。
可选地，灭火剂喷射系统还包括：
压力检测装置，用于检测灭火剂和吹送气体的混合物在到达第一喷射器的入口前的压力，且与控制器信号连接，以使控制器根据压力检测装置所检测的压力值调节压力控制阀的控制压力。
可选地，压力控制阀为比例调节阀。
可选地，输送管道包括第一输送管段，灭火剂喷射系统还包括：
回转装置，设置在第一存储器与第一输送管段之间，以使第一输送管段能够相对于第一存储器发生360°回转。
可选地，灭火剂喷射系统还包括：
外送管道，用于连接灭火剂供给装置、吹送气体供给装置或者灭火剂和吹送气体的混合物供给装置，与输送管道连接；和
外送控制阀，设置在外送管道上，用于控制外送管道的通断或通流面积。
可选地，灭火剂喷射系统还包括：
至少一个第二喷射器，与第一存储器连接，用于将灭火剂和吹送气体的混合物喷出。
可选地，灭火剂喷射系统还包括：
连接管道，连接在第二存储器与输送管道之间；和
第一控制阀，设置在连接管道上，用于控制连接管道的通断或通流面积。
根据本公开的第二个方面，提供一种举高消防车，包括上述的灭火剂喷射系统。
根据本公开的第三个方面，提供一种基于上述灭火剂喷射系统的喷射方法，包括：
计算灭火剂和吹送气体的混合物在输送管道的进口和出口之间的压力差；
根据计算所得的压力差调节压力控制阀的控制压力。
可选地，输送管道包括可伸缩的第一输送管段，上述方法还包括：
检测第一输送管段的长度；
根据所检测的长度计算压力差。
可选地，输送管道包括第一输送管段，第一输送管段相对于地面的倾斜角度可调，上述方法还包括：
检测第一输送管段相对于地面的倾斜角度；
根据所检测的倾斜角度计算压力差。
可选地，输送管道包括可伸缩的第一输送管段，第一输送管段相对于地面的倾斜 角度可调，上述方法还包括：
检测第一输送管段的长度；
检测第一输送管段相对于地面的倾斜角度；
根据所检测的长度和倾斜角度计算压力差。
可选地，上述还包括：
检测灭火剂和吹送气体的混合物在到达第一喷射器的入口前的压力；
根据所检测的压力值调节压力控制阀的控制压力。
基于上述技术方案，本公开通过设置控制器，可以计算灭火剂和吹送气体的混合物在输送管道的进口和出口的压力差，根据该压力差可以对压力控制阀的控制压力的大小进行调节，从而使灭火剂和吹送气体的混合物在到达第一喷射器的进口时的压力能够与第一喷射器工作时所需要的压力相匹配，避免因压力控制阀的控制压力过大而造成吹送气体的浪费或造成气固比较大而影响灭火性能，也可以避免因压力控制阀的控制压力过小而影响喷射器的喷射效能或导致罐体内干粉剩余率超标和管路内干粉沉积。
通过以下参照附图对本公开的示例性实施例的详细描述，本公开的其它特征及其优点将会变得清楚。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本公开实施例或相关技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或相关技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本公开的实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据提供的附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本公开灭火剂喷射系统一个实施例的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本公开实施例中的附图，对实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本公开的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本公开的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本公开保护的范围。
在本公开的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“横向”、“纵向”、“前”、 “后”、“左”、“右”、“上”、“下”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本公开和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本公开保护范围的限制。
为了解决相关技术中的干粉喷射系统采用定压式控压方法所带来的无法提供合适的喷射压力的问题，发明人对干粉喷射系统进行了深入的研究。
目前，对于举高消防车来说，虽然本领域技术人员都知道灭火剂和吹送气体的混合物在流经输送管路后其压力会出现损失，但是该压力损失具体与哪些因素相关以及如何通过计算能够得出与实际压力损失比较接近的数值，这是一直困扰着本领域技术人员并且目前仍未得到解决的问题。
发明人经过查阅资料，对上述问题进行了仔细研究，具体研究过程如下：
高程校正后管段的首端压力可按下列公式计算：
p b＝p b′+9.81×10 -6ρ H×L Y×sinγ  (1)
其中：
p b′＝p e+(Δp/L) i×L i  (2)
Figure PCTCN2018099860-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2018099860-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2018099860-appb-000003
ρ Q＝(10p P+1 )ρ q0  (6)
将公式(2)～(6)代入公式(1)，可得
Figure PCTCN2018099860-appb-000004
其中，p b——高程校正后管段首端压力(MPa)；
p b′——高程校正前管段首端压力(MPa)；
ρ H——干粉-驱动气体二相流密度(kg/m3)；
L Y——管段几何长度(m)；
γ——流体流向与水平面所成的角(°)；
p e——管段末端压力(MPa)；
(Δp/L) i——管段单位长度上的压力损失(MPa/m)；
L i——管段计算长度(m)；
ρ q0——常态下驱动气体密度(kg/m 3)；
d——管道内径(mm)；
μ——驱动气体系数，也称气固比；
Q——管道中的干粉输送速率(kg/s)；
λ q——驱动气体摩擦阻力系数；
Δ——管道内壁绝对粗糙度(mm)
g——重力加速度(m/s 2)；
ρ Q——管道内驱动气体的密度(kg/m 3)；
ρ f——干粉松密度，(kg/m 3)；
ρ q0——对应压力条件下的驱动气体密度，(kg/m 3)；
p P——管段中的平均压力(MPa)；
分析上述公式(7)可知，干粉喷射系统中干粉存储器的喷射压力设定值p b主要与输送管路的长度L Y和管路与水平面所成的角γ有关，而对于其余参数，发明人经过分析发现可以通过多次测量和计算得出经验值，因此将其余参数作为常量物理参数。
因此可得出结论：干粉管路的压力损失发生变化，主要是因为臂架举升姿态的发生了改变，随着伸缩行程的不同和变幅角度的变化，管路的压力损失和扬程压力损失均是动态变化。
基于以上分析，本公开提供了一种改进的灭火剂喷射系统。如图1所示，在本公开所提供的灭火剂喷射系统的一个示意性实施例中，灭火剂喷射系统包括第一存储器1、第二存储器13、第一喷射器11、输送管道、压力控制阀17和控制器12。
其中，第一存储器1用于存储灭火剂；第二存储器13用于存储吹送气体，并与第一存储器1连接，以在吹送气体经过第一存储器1时将灭火剂吹出；第一喷射器11用于将灭火剂和吹送气体喷出；输送管道连接在第一存储器1和第一喷射器11之间，用于输送灭火剂和吹送气体的混合物；压力控制阀17设置在第一存储器1与第二存储器13之间，用于控制第二存储器13的出口压力；控制器12用于计算灭火剂和吹送气体的混合物在输送管道的进口和出口之间的压力差，并根据计算所得的压力差调节压力控制阀17的控制压力。
在上述示意性实施例中，通过设置控制器12，可以计算灭火剂和吹送气体的混合物在输送管道的进口和出口的压力差，根据该压力差可以对压力控制阀的控制压力的大小进行调节，从而使灭火剂和吹送气体的混合物在到达第一喷射器的进口时的压力能够与第一喷射器工作时所需要的压力相匹配，避免因压力控制阀的控制压力过大而 造成吹送气体的浪费或造成气固比较大而影响灭火性能，也可以避免因压力控制阀的控制压力过小而影响喷射器的喷射效能或导致罐体内干粉剩余率超标和管路内干粉沉积。
可选地，输送管道包括可伸缩的第一输送管段5，灭火剂喷射系统还包括长度检测装置6，长度检测装置6用于检测第一输送管段5的长度，且与控制器12信号连接，以使控制器12根据长度检测装置6所检测的长度计算压力差。
通过设置长度检测装置6，可以实时地检测第一输送管段5的长度，根据该长度可以计算出由于第一输送管段5的伸缩而使灭火剂和吹送气体的混合物在流经第一输送管段5后损失的压力大小，从而使控制器12可以根据该压力大小对压力控制阀17的控制压力进行调节，使灭火剂和吹送气体的混合物在从第一存储器1喷出后经过输送管道到达第一喷射器的进口时的压力能够与第一喷射器11工作时所需要的压力相匹配。
可选地，输送管道包括第一输送管段5，第一输送管段5相对于地面的倾斜角度可调，灭火剂喷射系统还包括角度检测装置7，角度检测装置7用于检测第一输送管段5相对于地面的倾斜角度，且与控制器12信号连接，以使控制器12根据角度检测装置7所检测的角度计算压力差。
通过设置角度检测装置7，可以实时地检测第一输送管段5相对于地面的倾斜角度，根据该倾斜角度可以计算出由于第一输送管段5相对于地面倾斜角度的改变而使灭火剂和吹送气体的混合物在流经第一输送管段5后损失的压力大小，从而使控制器12可以根据该压力大小对压力控制阀17的控制压力进行调节，使灭火剂和吹送气体的混合物在从第一存储器1喷出后经过输送管道到达第一喷射器的进口时的压力能够与第一喷射器11工作时所需要的压力相匹配。
在如图1所示的实施例中，灭火剂喷射系统同时包括长度检测装置6和角度检测装置7。
可选地，灭火剂喷射系统还包括压力检测装置10，压力检测装置10用于检测灭火剂和吹送气体的混合物在到达第一喷射器11的入口前的压力，且与控制器12信号连接，以使控制器12根据压力检测装置10所检测的压力值调节压力控制阀17的控制压力。
具体地，控制器12可将压力检测装置10所检测的压力与第一喷射器11工作时所需的理想压力进行比对，当压力检测装置10所检测的压力与第一喷射器11所需的 理想压力不一致时，控制器12可对压力控制阀17的控制压力进行调节，以尽可能地使压力检测装置10所检测的压力接近第一喷射器11所需的理想压力。
通过压力检测装置10，可以对灭火剂和吹送气体的混合物在到达第一喷射器11的入口前的压力进行实时检测，并通过压力检测装置10所检测的压力值实时地对压力控制阀17的控制压力进行调节，进一步确保灭火剂和吹送气体的混合物在从第一存储器1喷出后经过输送管道到达第一喷射器的进口时的压力能够与第一喷射器11工作时所需要的压力相匹配。
在上述各个实施例中，压力控制阀17可选地为比例调节阀。通过将压力控制阀17设置为比例调节阀，可以使压力控制阀17的控制压力可调，便于调节吹送气体的吹送压力。
在压力控制阀17为减压阀时，通过控制器12可以调节减压阀的设定压力，以调节第二存储器13的出口压力。
可选地，压力控制阀17为电动比例调节阀或气动比例调节阀。
可选地，灭火剂喷射系统还包括回转装置4，回转装置4设置在第一存储器1与第一输送管段5之间，以使第一输送管段5能够相对于第一存储器1发生360°回转。
通过设置回转装置4，可以使第一输送管段5相对于第一存储器1发生360°回转，从而使第一喷射器11可以对着不同方向进行喷射，使喷射方向更加灵活。
可选地，灭火剂喷射系统还包括外送管道28和外送控制阀29，外送管道28用于连接灭火剂供给装置、吹送气体供给装置或者灭火剂和吹送气体的混合物供给装置，与输送管道连接；外送控制阀29设置在外送管道28上，用于控制外送管道28的通断或通流面积。
通过设置外送管道28和外送控制阀29，可以通过外送设备为灭火剂喷射系统提供灭火剂和/或吹送气体，在灭火剂喷射系统自身携带的灭火剂和/或吹送气体消耗完或出现故障时，可以通过外送设备进行补给延长灭火剂喷射系统的工作时间，实现与普通灭火剂喷射系统的联合作业，实现功能互补和叠加的效果。外送设备可以为灭火剂供应源、吹送气体供应源、普通定压式灭火消防车或其他形式的灭火消防设备等。
可选地，灭火剂喷射系统还包括至少一个第二喷射器32，至少一个第二喷射器32与第一存储器1连接，用于将灭火剂和吹送气体的混合物喷出。通过设置至少一个第二喷射器32，可以在第一喷射器11发生故障时替代第一喷射器11工作，也可以同时通过多个喷射器喷射灭火剂和吹送气体的混合物，提高灭火效率。
具体地，第二喷射器32可以与第一输送管段5连接，也可以直接与第一存储器1连通，或者与第一存储器1和第一输送管段5之间的第二输送管段3连通。
灭火剂喷射系统还可以包括连接管道21和第一控制阀20，连接管道21连接在第二存储器13与输送管道之间；第一控制阀20设置在连接管道21上，用于控制连接管道21的通断或通流面积。
通过设置连接管道21，可以使吹送气体不经过第一存储器1而直接输送至输送管道，这样可以在吹送气体不足时通过连接管道21单独补给吹送气体；也可以在输送管道发生堵塞等问题时，通过输送吹送气体而解决堵塞问题；当然，通过只输送吹送气体，也可以实现灭火效果。
基于上述的灭火剂喷射系统，本公开还提出一种举高消防车，该举高消防车包括上述的灭火剂喷射系统。
举高消防车还可以包括车辆底盘，第一存储器1和第二存储器13可以均设置在车辆底盘上。
基于上述的灭火剂喷射系统，本公开还提供了一种喷射方法，该喷射方法包括：
提供用于存储灭火剂的第一存储器、与所述第一存储器连接并用于存储吹送气体的第二存储器、第一喷射器、连接在所述第一存储器和所述第一喷射器之间的输送管道和设置在所述第一存储器与所述第二存储器之间的压力控制阀；
打开所述压力控制阀，使所述吹送气体从所述第二存储器吹出并在经过所述第一存储器时将所述灭火剂吹出，然后通过所述输送管道将所述灭火剂和所述吹送气体的混合物输送到所述第一喷射器以喷出；
在第一喷射器喷射前或喷射过程中，计算灭火剂和吹送气体的混合物在输送管道的进口和出口之间的压力差；
根据计算所得的压力差调节压力控制阀17的控制压力。
可选地，输送管道包括可伸缩的第一输送管段5，喷射方法还包括：
检测第一输送管段5的长度；
根据所检测的长度计算压力差。
可选地，输送管道包括第一输送管段5，喷射方法还包括：
检测第一输送管段5相对于地面的倾斜角度；
根据所检测的倾斜角度计算压力差。
可选地，输送管道包括可伸缩的第一输送管段5，喷射方法还包括：
检测第一输送管段5的长度；
检测第一输送管段5相对于地面的倾斜角度；
根据所检测的长度和倾斜角度计算压力差。
可选地，喷射方法还包括：
检测灭火剂和吹送气体的混合物在到达第一喷射器11的入口前的压力；
根据所检测的压力值调节压力控制阀17的控制压力。
上述各个实施例中灭火剂喷射系统所具有的积极技术效果同样适用于灭火剂喷射方法及举高消防车，这里不再赘述。
下面结合附图1对本公开灭火剂喷射系统、方法及举高消防车的一个实施例的具体结构和工作原理进行详细说明：
如图1所示，灭火剂喷射系统包括用于存储灭火剂的第一存储器1和用于存储吹送气体的第二存储器13，第一存储器1通过输送管道与第一喷射器11连接。输送管道包括第一输送管段5、第二输送管段3和第三输送管段9。第一输送管段5连接在第二输送管段3和第三输送管段9之间，第二输送管段3与第一存储器1连接，第二输送管段3上设有第二控制阀2，第三输送管段9与第一喷射器11连接，第三输送管段9上设有第三控制阀8。
第一输送管段5包括多节嵌套式管路，通过其中一节相对于另一节的运动可实现第一输送管段5的伸缩，从而改变第一输送管段5的的长度。
第一输送管段5和第二输送管段3之间设有回转装置4。第一输送管段5处设有长度检测装置6和角度检测装置7(图中仅为示意，没有示出具体结构)。第一喷射器11的入口处设有压力检测装置10。
灭火剂喷射系统还包括控制器12，长度检测装置6、角度检测装置7和压力检测装置10均与控制器12信号连接，以将测量数据发送给控制器12。控制器12的输出端与压力控制阀17连接，以控制压力控制阀17的控制压力大小。
第二存储器13内设有多个高压氮气存储罐，第二存储器13还连接有充气阀14，在存储罐内的氮气的剩余量较少时，可以通过充气阀14补充。第二存储器13与压力控制阀17之间的连接管道上设有高压球阀15和第一压力表16。压力控制阀17与第一喷射器11之间的连接管道上设有第四控制阀19。压力控制阀17与第二输送管段3之间设有连接管道21，连接管道21上设有第一控制阀20，压力控制阀17与第一控制阀20之间设有第二压力表18。
第一存储器1设有安全阀27，第一存储器1还可以连接有灭火剂输送管道，灭火剂输送管道可将灭火剂输送至第一存储器1内。与第一存储器1连接的另一管道上设有排气球阀24、第三压力表23和过滤器22。
灭火剂喷射系统还包括第二喷射器32，第二喷射器32与第二输送管段3连接，第二喷射器32与第二输送管段3之间的连接管路上设有第六控制阀30和卷筒31。
第二输送管段3还连接有外送管道28，外送管道28上设有外送控制阀29。
第一存储器1上还连接有第三喷射器26，第一存储器1与第三喷射器26之间的连接管路上设有第五控制阀25。
在灭火剂喷射系统工作时，在第一输送管段5的伸缩长度和变幅角度发生变化时，通过长度检测装置6和角度检测装置7可以分别检测出第一输送管段5的长度L Y和相对于地面的倾斜角度γ，通过将这两个测量值输入公式(7)，可以计算得出灭火剂和吹送气体流经第一输送管段5的压力损失，而第二输送管段3和第三输送管段9的压力损失也可以通过计算得出，因此根据在输送管道上的压力损失可以计算举高消防车在不同作业姿态下的所需的第一存储器1出口的喷射压力值p b。同时，控制器12还可以根据压力检测装置10所检测的压力实时地对压力控制阀17的控制压力进行调整。
具体地，可根据预先选配的压力控制阀17的输出特性曲线，即输入控制电流(或电压)信号与压力控制阀17的输出压力值之间的线性关系(P-I特性曲线)，标定出对应压力控制阀17不同输出压力值的所需对应信号强度；然后把上述标定正确的P-I线性关系写入控制器12的逻辑控制模块中以备调用。当举高消防车在不同作业姿态下进行喷射时，首先通过控制器12实时计算出所需的第一存储器1出口的喷射压力值p b，然后调用控制器12中的逻辑控制模块，输出与之匹配的控制电流(或电压)信号，从而使压力控制阀17减压后输出的吹送压力值能够使灭火剂和吹送气体的混合物在到达第一存储器1出口时的压力能够达到p b，保证灭火剂和吹送气体的混合物在到达第一喷射器的进口时的压力能够与第一喷射器工作时所需要的压力相匹配。
通过对本公开灭火剂喷射系统、方法及举高消防车的多个实施例的说明，可以看到本公开灭火剂喷射系统、方法及举高消防车实施例至少具有以下一种或多种优点：
1、通过设置控制器，可以对灭火剂和吹送气体的混合物在输送管道的进口和出 口的压力差进行计算，并根据该压力差对压力控制阀的控制压力进行自动调节，使第一喷射器的进口压力与第一喷射器工作时所需要的压力相匹配，提高灭火性能；
2、通过长度检测装置和角度检测装置，可以实时地检测输送管道的长度和倾斜角度，进而实时地对压力控制阀的控制压力进行调节，实现根据举高消防车不同的臂架伸长和变幅情况自动调节喷射压力的功能；
3、通过设置压力检测装置，可以辅助控制器对压力控制阀的控制压力进行调节，提高控制准确度；
4、通过设置外送管道，可以实现举高消防车与常规消防车的联合作业，实现功能互补和叠加的效果。
最后应当说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本公开的技术方案而非对其限制；尽管参照较佳实施例对本公开进行了详细的说明，所属领域的普通技术人员应当理解：依然可以对本公开的具体实施方式进行修改或者对部分技术特征进行等同替换；而不脱离本公开技术方案的精神，其均应涵盖在本公开请求保护的技术方案范围当中。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种灭火剂喷射系统，其中，包括：
    第一存储器(1)，用于存储灭火剂；
    第二存储器(13)，用于存储吹送气体，并与所述第一存储器(1)连接，以在所述吹送气体经过所述第一存储器(1)时将所述灭火剂吹出；
    第一喷射器(11)，用于将所述灭火剂和所述吹送气体喷出；
    输送管道，连接在所述第一存储器(1)和所述第一喷射器(11)之间，用于输送所述灭火剂和所述吹送气体的混合物；
    压力控制阀(17)，设置在所述第一存储器(1)与所述第二存储器(13)之间，用于控制所述第二存储器(13)的出口压力；和
    控制器(12)，用于计算所述灭火剂和所述吹送气体的混合物在所述输送管道的进口和出口之间的压力差，并根据计算所得的所述压力差调节所述压力控制阀(17)的控制压力。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的灭火剂喷射系统，其中，所述输送管道包括可伸缩的第一输送管段(5)，所述灭火剂喷射系统还包括：
    长度检测装置(6)，用于检测所述第一输送管段(5)的长度，且与所述控制器(12)信号连接，以使所述控制器(12)根据所述长度检测装置(6)所检测的长度计算所述压力差。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的灭火剂喷射系统，其中，所述输送管道包括第一输送管段(5)，所述第一输送管段(5)相对于地面的倾斜角度可调，所述灭火剂喷射系统还包括：
    角度检测装置(7)，用于检测所述第一输送管段(5)相对于地面的倾斜角度，且与所述控制器(12)信号连接，以使所述控制器(12)根据所述角度检测装置(7)所检测的角度计算所述压力差。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的灭火剂喷射系统，其中，所述输送管道包括可伸缩的第一输送管段(5)，所述灭火剂喷射系统还包括：
    长度检测装置(6)，用于检测所述第一输送管段(5)的长度，且与所述控制器(12)信号连接，以使所述控制器(12)根据所述长度检测装置(6)所检测的长度计算所述压力差；和
    角度检测装置(7)，用于检测所述第一输送管段(5)相对于地面的倾斜角度，且与所述控制器(12)信号连接，以使所述控制器(12)根据所述角度检测装置(7)所检测的倾斜角度计算所述压力差。
  5. 根据权利要求1～4任一项所述的灭火剂喷射系统，其中，所述灭火剂喷射系统还包括：
    压力检测装置(10)，用于检测所述灭火剂和所述吹送气体的混合物在到达所述第一喷射器(11)的入口前的压力，且与所述控制器(12)信号连接，以使所述控制器(12)根据所述压力检测装置(10)所检测的压力值调节所述压力控制阀(17)的控制压力。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的灭火剂喷射系统，其中，所述压力控制阀(17)为比例调节阀。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的灭火剂喷射系统，其中，所述输送管道包括第一输送管段(5)，所述灭火剂喷射系统还包括：
    回转装置(4)，设置在所述第一存储器(1)与所述第一输送管段(5)之间，以使所述第一输送管段(5)能够相对于所述第一存储器(1)发生360°回转。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的灭火剂喷射系统，其中，所述灭火剂喷射系统还包括：
    外送管道(28)，用于连接灭火剂供给装置、吹送气体供给装置或者灭火剂和吹送气体的混合物供给装置，与所述输送管道连接；和
    外送控制阀(29)，设置在所述外送管道(28)上，用于控制所述外送管道(28)的通断或通流面积。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的灭火剂喷射系统，其中，所述灭火剂喷射系统还包括：
    至少一个第二喷射器(32)，与所述第一存储器(1)连接，用于将所述灭火剂 和所述吹送气体的混合物喷出。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的灭火剂喷射系统，其中，所述灭火剂喷射系统还包括：
    连接管道(21)，连接在所述第二存储器(13)与所述输送管道之间；和
    第一控制阀(20)，设置在所述连接管道(21)上，用于控制所述连接管道(21)的通断或通流面积。
  11. 一种举高消防车，其中，包括如权利要求1～10任一项所述的灭火剂喷射系统。
  12. 一种基于如权利要求1～10任一项所述的灭火剂喷射系统的喷射方法，其中，包括：
    计算灭火剂和吹送气体的混合物在输送管道的进口和出口之间的压力差；
    根据计算所得的所述压力差调节压力控制阀(17)的控制压力。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的方法，其中，所述输送管道包括可伸缩的第一输送管段(5)，所述方法还包括：
    检测所述第一输送管段(5)的长度；
    根据所检测的长度计算所述压力差。
  14. 根据权利要求12所述的方法，其中，所述输送管道包括第一输送管段(5)，所述第一输送管段(5)相对于地面的倾斜角度可调，所述方法还包括：
    检测所述第一输送管段(5)相对于地面的倾斜角度；
    根据所检测的倾斜角度计算所述压力差。
  15. 根据权利要求12所述的方法，其中，所述输送管道包括可伸缩的第一输送管段(5)，所述第一输送管段(5)相对于地面的倾斜角度可调，所述方法还包括：
    检测所述第一输送管段(5)的长度；
    检测所述第一输送管段(5)相对于地面的倾斜角度；
    根据所检测的长度和倾斜角度计算所述压力差。
  16. 根据权利要求12所述的方法，其中，还包括：
    检测所述灭火剂和所述吹送气体的混合物在到达第一喷射器(11)的入口前的压力；
    根据所检测的压力值调节所述压力控制阀(17)的控制压力。
PCT/CN2018/099860 2018-08-10 2018-08-10 灭火剂喷射系统、方法及举高消防车 WO2020029227A1 (zh)

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RU2021104235A RU2757729C1 (ru) 2018-08-10 2018-08-10 Система и способ выброса огнетушащего вещества и пожарная машина с подъемником

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