WO2020022007A1

WO2020022007A1 - Lighting apparatus, lighting system, and control method

Info

Publication number: WO2020022007A1
Application number: PCT/JP2019/026435
Authority: WO
Inventors: 和洋八田; ゆり藤原; 山内　健太郎; 原田　和樹
Original assignee: パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社
Priority date: 2018-07-26
Filing date: 2019-07-03
Publication date: 2020-01-30
Also published as: TW202019239A; TWI754831B; CN112075128B; JP2020017446A; JP7016046B2; CN112075128A

Abstract

A lighting apparatus (1) that comprises: a light-emission unit (30) that emits light; and a control unit (20) that controls output of light. In a prescribed lit state, the light-emission unit (30) emits light at first output. The control unit (20) has a first mode in which control is performed such that, at least once during a first period, output of light is reduced from a maximum output that is lower than the first output to a minimum output that is lower than the maximum output. The first period is at least 2 seconds but no more than 35 seconds. The minimum output is no more than 5% of the first output.

Description

Lighting fixture, lighting system and control method

The present disclosure relates to a lighting fixture, a lighting system, and a control method.

照明 Conventionally, there is known a lighting device that changes light emitted from a light emitting unit. For example, the lighting fixture of Patent Literature 1 includes a light emitting unit and a control unit that controls the light output of the light emitting surface of the light emitting unit to change periodically.

The control unit controls the sine wave so that the change per unit time in the vicinity where the light output is maximum in one cycle is larger than the change per unit time in the vicinity where the light output is minimum in one cycle. The light emitting unit is controlled so that the light output changes along a wavy curve.

。 It makes it easier for people to adjust their breathing rhythm in accordance with changes in the amount of illumination light, and also makes it easier for people to relax.

Japanese Patent No. 3978334

Therefore, according to the conventional lighting apparatus, a person can adjust the breathing rhythm while recognizing light whose light output changes periodically with his eyes, but does not feel drowsy. This is because conventional lighting fixtures are not optimized for the lighting mode of light for causing drowsiness in a person, and cannot provide a sleep-inducing effect to a person.

The present disclosure provides a lighting device, a lighting system, and a control method that can give a sleep-inducing effect to a person in a short time by changing the output of light emitted from a light emitting unit.

In order to achieve the above object, a lighting device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a light emitting unit that emits light, and a control unit that controls output of the light, wherein the light emitting unit is in a specified lighting state. The light is emitted at a first output, and the control unit reduces the output of the light from a maximum output smaller than the first output to a minimum output smaller than the maximum output at least once in a first period. And the first period is 2 seconds or more and 35 seconds or less, and the minimum output is 5% or less of the first output.

照明 Further, the lighting system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a plurality of lighting fixtures.

Further, the control method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure emits light at a first output in a specified lighting state, and outputs the light at least once from a maximum output smaller than the first output in a first period. A first mode for controlling the output to be reduced to a minimum output smaller than the maximum output, wherein the first period is 2 seconds or more and 35 seconds or less, and the minimum output is 5% or less of the first output. is there.

According to the lighting apparatus and the like of the present disclosure, by changing the output of light emitted from the light emitting unit, it is possible to give a sleep-inducing effect to a person in a short time.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the lighting fixture according to the first embodiment. FIG. 2A is a diagram illustrating a relationship between a current value and an elapsed time of the lighting fixture according to Embodiment 1. FIG. 2B is a diagram illustrating the output of light emitted from the light emitting unit in the vicinity of the minimum output in the first mode. FIG. 2C is a diagram exemplifying the output of light emitted from the light emitting unit near the minimum output in the first mode. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between a pupil diameter and an elapsed time when light is incident on a human eye. FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between the maximum ratio and the first period. FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an average illuminance when a lighting fixture is arranged at a predetermined position on a ceiling. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between the maximum ratio and the minimum ratio of the output of light emitted from the light emitting unit in the first mode. FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between the maximum ratio and the second period. FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between the maximum output and the ratio of the maximum output to the minimum output when the output of light emitted from the light emitting unit increases from the minimum output to the maximum output in the first mode. . FIG. 9A is a diagram illustrating an example in which the output of the light emitted from the light emitting unit is gradually reduced. FIG. 9B is a diagram illustrating an example in which the output of the light emitted from the light emitting unit is gradually reduced. FIG. 9C is a diagram illustrating an example in which the output of light emitted from the light emitting unit is gradually reduced. FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating an illumination system according to a modification.

(Knowledge underlying the present invention)
In a conventional lighting device, by periodically changing the output of light emitted from the lighting device, it is possible to adjust the respiratory rhythm of a person while recognizing the light with eyes. However, the conventional lighting apparatus is not optimized for a lighting mode for causing drowsiness in a person, and cannot give a sleep-inducing effect to a person. In order for a person to live a healthy life, it is necessary to secure a sufficient amount of sleep time, and there is a need for a lighting device that gives a sleep-inducing effect to the person. Therefore, the inventors have conducted an optional study on the lighting mode of a lighting device that has the effect of causing a person to sleepy.

As a result, in order to cause a person to be drowsy, in the first period (a period of 2 seconds or more and 35 seconds or less), the output of the light emitted from the lighting fixture is reduced from the first output to the minimum output (the first output). To less than 5%).

The inventors have also noticed that drowsiness in humans is caused by fluctuations in the pupil diameter of human eyes. FIG. 3 shows a result of measuring a change in the pupil diameter of a person in a case where the output of the light emitted from the lighting fixture is alternately reduced and increased alternately. In FIG. 3, a graph A2 shows a change in the pupil diameter of the subject, and a graph A4 shows a change in the light output of the lighting fixture. As shown in FIG. 3A, when periodically fluctuating light enters the human eye, the graph A2 shows that the pupil diameter also changes in accordance with the change in the luminous flux of the graph A4, that is, the brightness of the light. understood. In the graph A2, the person is in a state of starting to feel drowsy. In addition, as shown in FIG. 3B, the graph B2 for adjusting the respiratory rhythm does not show a significant change in the size of the pupil diameter of the person, but the graph B1 of the present disclosure increases the pupil diameter of the person. It has changed greatly, as it has shrunk. From this, it is considered that by changing the light output, the pupil diameter can be varied and a person can be caused to sleepy.

As a finding related to the above, the inventors have found that non-patent documents supporting this result (Nishiyama et al., Evaluation of arousal state using pupil fluctuation as an index, Biomedical Optics, Vol. 46 (2), 2008, pp. .212-217). Non-Patent Documents report that the pupil gradually contracts while the pupil diameter repeatedly shrinks and returns to its original state when the subject sleeps. From this, it can be considered that miosis and mydriasis of the pupil diameter are repeated periodically, and the amplitude is reduced, thereby causing drowsiness to a person.

Therefore, the present disclosure provides a lighting device, a lighting system, and a control method that can provide a sleep-inducing effect to a person in a short time by changing the output of light emitted from a light emitting unit.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings. Each of the embodiments described below shows a comprehensive or specific example. Numerical values, shapes, materials, constituent elements, arrangement positions and connection forms of constituent elements, steps, order of steps, and the like shown in the following embodiments are merely examples, and do not limit the present invention. Further, among the components in the following embodiments, components not described in the independent claims are described as arbitrary components.

図 Each drawing is a schematic diagram, and is not necessarily strictly illustrated. In addition, in each of the drawings, substantially the same configuration is denoted by the same reference numeral, and redundant description will be omitted or simplified.

Hereinafter, a lighting fixture, a lighting system, and a control method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described.

(Embodiment)
[Constitution]
A configuration of the lighting fixture 1 according to the embodiment of the present disclosure will be described.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a lighting fixture 1 according to Embodiment 1.

As shown in FIG. 1, the lighting fixture 1 is a fixture that can perform lighting in a lighting mode in which light emitted from the light emitting unit 30 alternates between light and dark. The lighting fixture 1 is, for example, a ceiling light or the like, and is installed on a construction material such as a ceiling.

The lighting fixture 1 includes a control unit 20, a light emitting unit 30, an operation unit 40, and a storage unit 50.

(4) The control unit 20 controls the power supplied to the light emitting unit 30 so that the output of the light emitted from the light emitting unit 30 is changed in a pulsating manner by repeating the magnitude alternately. Specifically, the control unit 20 includes a drive circuit that controls operations of the light emitting unit 30 such as lighting, extinguishing, dimming, and toning. The drive circuit supplies the pulsating power to the light emitting unit 30 so that the brightness of the light emitted from the light emitting unit 30 can be repeated.

In the first period, the control unit 20 reduces the output of the light emitted from the light emitting unit 30 from a maximum output smaller than the first output (for example, an output in a full lighting state (an example of a specified lighting state)) to a minimum output. There is a first mode in which the change is made at least once or more, and a second mode in which the output of the light from the light emitting unit 30 is kept constant, in other words, is controlled so as to maintain the first output. The control unit 20 can switch between the first mode and the second mode. That is, the first mode and the second mode are exclusively selected. In the present embodiment, the first output exemplifies a case where the light emitting unit 30 is fully lit (lights at an output of 100%). However, the first output is not limited to this. Includes the case of lighting with a lower output. For example, the first output is 80% of the output when the light emitting unit 30 is fully lit, but is not limited to 80% and may be arbitrarily changed.

In the first mode, the control unit 20 alternately repeats the operation of decreasing or increasing the output of the light emitted from the light emitting unit 30, that is, the control of alternately repeating the brightness of the light emitted from the light emitting unit 30. I do. This is shown in FIG. 2A. FIG. 2A is a diagram illustrating a relationship between a current value applied to the light emitting unit 30 according to Embodiment 1 and an elapsed time.

As described above, when the light emitting unit 30 is switched from the second mode in which the light emitting unit 30 is fully lit to the first mode, the light emitted from the light emitting unit 30 becomes gradually darker. Gradually becomes brighter. In the first mode, the person is attracted to drowsiness by alternately reducing and increasing the output of the light emitted from the light emitting unit 30.

{Circle around (2)} At least one of the decrease in the output of the light emitted from the light emitting unit 30 and the increase in the output of the light emitted from the light emitting unit 30 change nonlinearly. In the present embodiment, the decrease and increase in the output of the light emitted from the light emitting unit 30 change nonlinearly.

In the present embodiment, the output of the light emitted from the light emitting unit 30 is alternately reduced and increased. However, when the mode is switched from the second mode to the first mode, the light emitted from the light emitting unit 30 is changed. May simply be reduced. For this reason, increasing the output of light emitted from the light emitting unit 30 is not an essential component.

In the first mode, when the brightness of the light emitted from the light emitting unit 30, that is, the decrease and the increase in the output of the light emitted from the light emitting unit 30 are defined as one cycle, one cycle is a first period, a third period, And a second period.

In the first mode, the control unit 20 controls the light emitted from the light emitting unit 30 in the first period from the maximum output to the minimum output of the light emitted from the light emitting unit 30 in the brightness of the light emitted from the light emitting unit 30 once. Do above. The first period is 2 seconds or more and 35 seconds or less. In FIG. 1, the operation of decreasing over the first period is included five times, but the number of reductions is not limited. Here, the maximum output is 5% or less of the output of the light emitting unit 30 in the full lighting state. The maximum output (5% of the first output of the light emitting unit 30) indicates, for example, the maximum point at the time when the second period has elapsed in the first mode, as shown in FIG. 2A. Note that the output in the all-lit state is also referred to as a rated output.

Here, the definition of the first output will be described.

In a lighting system including a plurality of lighting devices 1, the first output is the maximum output of each lighting device 1, that is, the sum of the maximum outputs of all the light emitting units 30 included in each lighting device 1, or The sum of the maximum output of each lighting fixture 1 that can be set, that is, 100% of the output of light emitted from the lighting system.

For example, when the lighting system is composed of n lighting fixtures 1 and the first outputs of the n lighting fixtures 1 are (T1, T2... Tn) lm, respectively, the first output of the lighting system Is (T1 + T2 +... Tn) lm.

The first output of one lighting device 1 is the maximum output of the lighting device 1, that is, the sum of the maximum outputs of all the light emitting units 30 included in the lighting device 1 or the respective light emitting units 30 that can be set by the user. , Which is 100% of the output of light emitted from the luminaire 1.

For example, in the case where two light emitting units 30 are present in one lighting device 1, when the first output of one light emitting unit 30 is 2500 lm and the other light emitting unit 30 is 3000 lm, this lighting device The first output of 1 is 5500 lm.

(4) In this case, how the maximum output in the first mode is set to 5% or less of the first output of the light emitting unit 30 will be described by way of an example. In the first mode, when one light emitting unit 30 is turned on at 250 lm and the other light emitting unit 30 is turned off, the maximum output is 250 lm. Here, the maximum output 250 lm satisfies the condition that it is 5% or less (275 lm or less) of the first output 5500 lm of the lighting fixture 1.

、 In the first mode, the minimum output of the light emitted from the light emitting unit 30 is 1/100 or more of the maximum output. The maximum output is, of course, a value larger than the minimum output adjacent to the maximum output.

In the first mode, the control unit 20 further increases the output of the light emitted from the light emitting unit 30 from the minimum output to the next maximum output in the second period after the first period. Perform control. The second period is 2 seconds or more and 32 seconds or less. From the first period and the second period described above, the control period of the first mode is 4 seconds or more. This is derived from the sum of the minimum output of 2 seconds in the first period and the minimum output of 2 seconds in the second period, but may mean that the first period is 4 seconds or more. Note that the upper limit of the control period of the first mode is not particularly limited, and may be several seconds, several tens of seconds, several minutes, tens of minutes, or the like. The upper limit of the control period may be arbitrarily set.

In the present embodiment, the control unit 20 controls the brightness of the light emitted from the light emitting unit 30 in the first mode so that the light emitted from the light emitting unit 30 becomes gradually dark over a first period. Thereafter, over the second period, the light emitted from the light emitting section 30 is controlled so as to gradually become brighter.

In addition, in FIG. 1, the operation of increasing over the second period is included four times, but the number of times of increase is not limited. Further, the first period may be longer, shorter, or the same period as the second period.

As shown in FIG. 2A, in the first mode, after the first period in which the light output from the light emitting unit 30 is reduced from the maximum output to the minimum output, the light output of the light emitting unit 30 is set to the minimum output. This includes a third period for controlling to maintain. That is, in the first mode, when the output of the light emitted from the light emitting unit 30 becomes the minimum output, the light emitting unit 30 is turned on in the third period with an output near the minimum output, that is, a constant output. The third period is a period between the first period and the second period. In the first mode, the state transits to the third period after the elapse of the first period, and transits to the second period after the elapse of the third period.

記載 Note that the description of “near **” is intended to include not only the point of the minimum output but also within a few percent of this value, taking the description of “near the minimum output” as an example.

一定 The constant output here includes the minimum output shown in FIG. 2A and the light output within an error range of several% of the minimum output. Therefore, the constant output is not limited to the minimum output and being completely constant as in the third period shown in FIG. 2B. FIG. 2B is a diagram illustrating the output of light emitted from the light emitting unit 30 in the vicinity of the minimum output in the first mode.

The third period may be longer or shorter than the first period or the second period.

{Circle around (3)} The third period may not be in the first mode, and the first mode may include a first period and a second period as shown in FIG. 2C. FIG. 2C is a diagram illustrating the output of light emitted from the light emitting unit 30 in the vicinity of the minimum output in the first mode. For this reason, the third period is not an essential component in the first mode.

As shown in FIG. 2A, in the first mode, the rate of change of the output of light emitted from the light emitting unit 30 near the minimum output is smaller than the rate of change of the output of light emitted from the light emitting unit 30 near the maximum output. Control to make it smaller. Specifically, in the first mode, the change per unit time of the output of light emitted from the light emitting unit 30 near the minimum output is per unit time of the output of light emitted from the light emitting unit 30 near the maximum output. Less than the change. For this reason, in the vicinity of the maximum output, the width is narrower than the reference waveform which is, for example, a sine waveform, and in the vicinity of the minimum output, the width is wider than the reference waveform.

The second mode is a mode in which light is emitted from the first output in the fully lit state to illuminate the surroundings, and is a normal illuminating state (full lit state). In the second mode, the control unit 20 merely illuminates the surroundings, and performs control such that the light from the light emitting unit 30 alternates between light and dark so that a person can perceive it, as in the first mode. Absent.

(4) The control unit 20 controls the output of the light emitted from the light emitting unit 30 to gradually change from the output at the end of the first mode to the second output smaller than the first output. In other words, the control unit 20 changes the light output of the light emitting unit 30 at the end of the first mode from the point at which the light output becomes the minimum output to the second output. The second output may be the same output as the minimum output, may be higher or lower than the minimum output, and includes turning off (output is 0).

The light emitting unit 30 is a light emitting module including a substrate and a plurality of LEDs (Light Emitting Diode) mounted on the substrate. The first output of the light emitting unit 30 is 485 lm or more. When one room is illuminated by one light emitting unit 30, a 40-type light bulb whose first output (also referred to as total luminous flux) of the light emitting unit 30 is 485 lm may be used. In this case, in order to give a person drowsiness, it is necessary to change the output of the light emitted from the light emitting unit 30. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the first output of the light emitting unit 30 is 485 lm or more. In addition, if it is used also as a general lighting fixture 1, for example, in a 4.5 tatami room, the first output of the light emitting unit 30 is preferably 2200 lm or more. The light emitting unit 30 is not limited to the LED, but may be a light bulb.

When a plurality of light emitting units 30 are present in the lighting apparatus 1, when all the light emitting units 30 are turned on at the same time, the sum of the first outputs of all the light emitting units 30 or the maximum output in the second mode is 485 lm. It is necessary to be above.

(4) The light color of the light emitted from the light emitting section 30 is lower than the neutral white color temperature. The color temperature of the neutral white here is 4600K to 5500K, but the light color of the light emitted from the light emitting unit 30 may be 5000K or less. In particular, the light color of the light emitted from the light emitting section 30 may be the light bulb color or less. The bulb color is, for example, 2600K to 3250K.

The board is a printed wiring board on which a plurality of LEDs are mounted, and is formed in a substantially rectangular shape. As the substrate, for example, a resin substrate based on a resin, a metal base substrate based on a metal, a ceramic substrate made of ceramic, or the like can be used.

LEDs include one or more light emitting elements. The plurality of LEDs can emit white light, blue light, and orange light. In the present embodiment, for example, the LEDs are RGB type LEDs that emit blue light, green light, and red light. The LED may be an SMD (Surface Mount Device) type LED or a COB (Chip On On Board) type LED.

Although not shown, the substrate is provided with a signal line for transmitting a control command input from the operation unit 40 and a power line for supplying power from the drive circuit. Each of the plurality of LEDs receives supply of power from a drive circuit via a power line, and emits prescribed light based on a control command from a signal line. By controlling the light emission of each LED, the control unit 20 can change the output of the light emitted from the light emitting unit 30, for example, while alternately repeating light and dark.

The operation unit 40 is an input interface capable of performing an operation of causing the light emitting unit 30 to emit light in the first mode or the second mode, and is a terminal that receives a human instruction. The operation unit 40 has a dedicated input unit for switching to the first mode or the second mode. For example, when a person goes to bed, operating the operation unit 40 and selecting the first mode as an instruction to go to bed causes the lighting apparatus 1 to start lighting in the first mode.

The operation unit 40 may be capable of arbitrarily setting the light output of the light emitting unit 30 in the first mode. The operation unit 40 may be, for example, an operation panel electrically connected to the lighting apparatus 1. The operation unit 40 can operate the lighting apparatus 1 by wireless communication and operate a smartphone, a remote controller, or the like independent of the lighting apparatus 1. It may be a panel.

The storage unit 50 stores information such as a control command indicating a lighting mode in the first mode, a control command indicating a lighting mode in the second mode, and a second output. The storage unit 50 is realized by a HDD (Hard Disk Drive) or a semiconductor memory.

[result]
The result of the change of the pupil diameter of a person and the result of the sensory evaluation of the person based on the lighting mode of the lighting fixture 1 suitable for inducing drowsiness to the person are shown.

First, FIG. 3 shows the result of measuring the change in the pupil diameter of a person when the output of the light emitted from the lighting apparatus 1 is alternately reduced and increased alternately.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between the pupil diameter and the elapsed time during which light is incident on the human eye. In FIG. 3, the vertical axis represents the pupil diameter of a person, and the horizontal axis represents the elapsed time during which light is incident on the human eye.

ＡA in FIG. 3 shows graphs A1 to A4. The graph A1 shows a change in pupil diameter when the lighting fixture 1 is turned off and a person is present in a dark environment. Graph A2 shows a change in pupil diameter when lighting device 1 is turned on in the first mode. Graph A3 shows a change in pupil diameter when illuminated with stationary light. Here, the stationary light is 5% of the first output of the light emitting unit 30. The graph A4 shows the relationship between the luminous flux of light emitted when the lighting fixture 1 is turned on in the first mode and the elapsed time in the case of the graph A2. For this reason, the graph A4 has no relationship with the pupil diameter indicated by the vertical axis in FIG.

ＡAs shown in FIG. 3A, in the graph A1, it can be seen that the pupil diameter is larger than the other graphs because the person is in a dark environment. From the graph A2, it can be seen that when the luminaire 1 is turned on in the first mode, the pupil diameter also changes according to the change in the luminous flux of the graph A4, that is, the brightness of the light. Specifically, when the luminous flux of the graph A4 starts to decrease, the pupil diameter of the graph A2 rapidly decreases with a short delay, and after the luminous flux reaches the vicinity of the lower limit, the pupil diameter increases over a period in which the luminous flux increases. Gradually expands. It can be seen that, when the light flux starts to decrease again after the light flux reaches the vicinity of the upper limit value, the pupil diameter rapidly decreases with a slight delay. In the graph A3, since the light output is constant, it can be seen that the change shown in the graph A2 does not appear.

Also in FIG. 3B, the vertical axis indicates the pupil diameter of the person, and the horizontal axis indicates the elapsed time of irradiating the person with light. FIG. 3B shows a graph B1 and a graph B2.

Graph B1 shows the pupil diameter of a person when the lighting apparatus 1 of the present embodiment is turned on in the first mode. The graph B2 shows the pupil diameter when a lighting device in which the output of light is repeatedly reduced and increased, like a conventional lighting device, is used.

In the graph B1, it can be seen that the pupil diameter of a person changes greatly as the pupil diameter increases or decreases. On the other hand, in the graph B2, although there is some change in the size of the pupil diameter of the person, the change as in the graph B1 is not seen. In other words, it can be seen that simply repeating the light and darkness of light as in a conventional lighting fixture cannot induce drowsiness to a person.

Next, a description will be given of setting the first period to 2 seconds or more and 35 seconds or less.

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between the maximum ratio and the first period. FIG. 4 shows the results of a sensory evaluation experiment for arbitrarily setting six first periods and evaluating whether or not drowsiness is induced by three subjects. In FIG. 4, the vertical axis represents the maximum ratio, and the horizontal axis represents the first period. The maximum ratio means the ratio of the maximum output to the first output.

In FIG. 4, a triangle symbol indicates that all three persons answered that drowsiness was induced (three persons allowed), a diamond symbol indicates a case where all three persons answered that drowsiness was not induced (no permissive), and two persons indicated drowsiness. Is indicated by a square symbol when the answer is “attracted” (allowed by two people).

において In the first period, the points where all three persons did not induce drowsiness were 2.6 seconds and 34.8 seconds. For this reason, 2.6 seconds was set as the shortest period of the first period, 34.8 seconds was set as the longest period of the first period, and the first period was set to 2 seconds or more and 35 seconds or less. If the first period is set to less than 2 seconds, the period in which the output of the light emitted from the light emitting unit 30 is reduced from the maximum output to the minimum output in FIG. 2 is shortened, and the person perceives to suddenly darken. If the first period is longer than 35 seconds, the period during which the output of the light emitted from the light emitting unit 30 decreases from the maximum output to the minimum output becomes longer, and the person feels that the light slowly darkens. Therefore, in periods other than the first period, it is considered that periodic fluctuations in the pupil diameter, which appear when feeling drowsy, are unlikely to occur.

Note that, from FIG. 4, the points at which all three persons answered that drowsiness was induced are 4 seconds and 23.6 seconds, so the first period may be set to 4 seconds or more and 23 seconds or less.

Next, how to set the maximum output to 5% or less of the first output of the light emitting unit 30 will be described.

For example, when the luminaire 1 is installed at the center of the ceiling and the luminous flux reaching efficiency at which light reaches the eyes of a person sleeping on the bed from the position of the luminaire 1 installed at the center of the ceiling is assumed to be 100%. Since the amount of light reaching the eyes differs depending on the installation position of the device 1, it is assumed that the maximum output differs. For example, when the luminaire 1 is installed on the side of a bed or the like, the luminous flux reaching the eyes may be greatly attenuated.

て Based on this fact, the light flux reaching the eyes of a person sleeping on the bed differs depending on the position where the lighting fixture 1 is installed, so the relationship between the first output and the minimum output will be described.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the average illuminance when the lighting fixture 1 is arranged at a predetermined position on the ceiling.

In FIG. 5A, the lighting fixture 1 is installed at the center of the ceiling, in FIG. 5B, the lighting fixture 1 is installed at the corner of the ceiling, and in FIG. 5C, the lighting fixture 1 is installed on the wall near the floor. FIG. The broken lines in FIGS. 5A to 5C illustrate the positions of the beds.

5) In FIG. 5A, the average illuminance is 78.0 lx, but in FIG. 5B, the average illuminance is 27.6 lx, and in FIG. 5C, the average illuminance is 3.41 lx. That is, assuming that the average illuminance of FIG. 5A is 100%, the ratio of the average illuminance of FIG. 5B to the average illuminance of FIG. 5A is reduced to about 35%, and the ratio of the average illuminance of FIG. The ratio of the average illuminance in FIG. 5C is reduced to about 4.3%.

As described above, when the lighting fixture 1 is installed on a wall near the floor as shown in FIG. 5C, the luminous flux reaching from the lighting fixture 1 is attenuated by 95% or more. In other words, the luminous flux from the light emitting unit 30 is attenuated to 1/20.

Therefore, assuming a case where the light flux from the light emitting unit 30 is attenuated to 1/20, FIG. 6 shows the relationship between the maximum output and the minimum output of the light output from the light emitting unit 30 in the first mode. An example is shown. In FIG. 6, the maximum ratio is set to 5% of the first output of the light emitting unit 30 based on the ratio of the average illuminance of FIG. 5C to the average illuminance of FIG. In FIG. 6, the vertical axis represents the maximum ratio and the horizontal axis represents the minimum ratio. FIG. 6 also shows the results of a sensory evaluation experiment for evaluating whether drowsiness is induced by three subjects. The minimum ratio means the ratio of the minimum output to the first output.

In FIG. 6, a triangle symbol indicates the required period in which all three persons answered that drowsiness was induced, and a diamond symbol indicates the required time in which all three persons indicated that drowsiness was not induced. One person answered that drowsiness was induced. The required period is indicated by a circle symbol.

From the result of FIG. 6, it can be expected that the drowsiness-inducing effect is obtained when the minimum ratio is 0.21% or less of the first output of the light emitting unit 30 at the position of such a pillow. In this case, the minimum ratio needs to be 0.21 × 20 = 4.2% or less in consideration of the fact that the luminous flux from the light emitting unit 30 is attenuated to 1/20 from FIG. Assuming that the simulation error is 10%, the minimum ratio is 4.2% ± 0.42. Since the upper limit value of the minimum ratio in this case is 4.62%, the minimum output is set to 5% or less of the first output of the light emitted from the light emitting unit 30.

FIG. 6 shows that the effect of inducing drowsiness increases as the minimum ratio approaches 0%. In particular, when the minimum ratio is 0.07% or less, the effect of inducing drowsiness is considered to be higher. From this, if it is calculated in the same manner as described above, the minimum ratio is 0.07 × 20 = 1.4%. Assuming that the simulation error is 10%, the minimum ratio is 1.4% ± 0.14. In this case, since the upper limit of the minimum ratio is 1.54%, the minimum output may be set to 2% or less of the first output of the light emitting unit 30. In addition, when the lighting fixture 1 is installed on a ceiling or the like, the minimum output permitted by all the subjects is 0.07% from FIG. % Is preferable.

Next, a description will be given of setting the second period to be 2 seconds or more and 32 seconds or less.

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between the maximum ratio and the second period. In FIG. 7, the vertical axis represents the maximum ratio, and the horizontal axis represents the second period. FIG. 7 also shows the results of a sensory evaluation experiment for evaluating whether drowsiness is induced by three subjects.

では In FIG. 7, a triangle symbol indicates that all three persons answered that drowsiness was induced (three persons allowed), and a diamond symbol indicates that all three persons answered that drowsiness was not induced (no allowable persons).

において In the second period, the points where all three persons did not induce drowsiness were 2.6 seconds and 31.4 seconds. For this reason, 2.6 seconds was set as the shortest period of the second period, 31.4 seconds was set as the longest period of the second period, and the second period was set to 2 seconds or more and 32 seconds or less. If the second period is set to less than 2 seconds, a person feels suddenly bright because the period during which the output increases from the minimum output to the maximum output is short. If the second period is set to 32 seconds or more, a person feels that the period during which the output increases from the minimum output to the maximum output becomes long and bright. For this reason, it is considered that it is difficult for a person to feel drowsy by feeling uncomfortable.

From FIG. 7, the second period may be set to be 6 seconds or more and 21 seconds or less based on 6.3 seconds and 20.5 seconds at the point where all three persons answered that drowsiness was induced.

In particular, when the first period is 4 seconds or more and 23 seconds or less and the second period is 6 seconds or more and 21 seconds or less, the control period of the first mode is the minimum output of the first period and the minimum output of the second period. 10 seconds or more, which is the sum of

Next, a desirable ratio between the minimum output and the maximum output will be described based on the relationship between the minimum output and the maximum output.

FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between the maximum output and the ratio of the maximum output to the minimum output when the output of the light emitted from the light emitting unit 30 increases from the minimum output to the maximum output in the first mode. is there. In FIG. 8, the vertical axis represents the maximum output, and the horizontal axis represents the ratio of the maximum output to the minimum output. FIG. 8 is a sensory evaluation experiment performed by three subjects to evaluate whether the ratio of the maximum output to the minimum output in the maximum output of the light emitted from the light emitting unit 30 in the first mode can be tolerated. The results are shown.

In FIG. 8, a triangle symbol indicates that all three respondents are acceptable, and a diamond symbol indicates that all three respondents are unacceptable, and a circle symbol indicates that one respondent is acceptable.

わかる As shown in FIG. 8, it can be seen that the answer is acceptable as the ratio of the maximum output to the minimum output increases. From this result, the minimum output was determined to be 1/100 or more of the maximum output.

In particular, the maximum output may be 1/76 or more of the minimum output. Since the minimum output is a value smaller than the maximum output adjacent to the minimum output, it is needless to say that the maximum output is larger than one time of the minimum output.

The minimum output may be an output of light including 0. For this reason, the minimum output is not limited to 1/100 or more of the maximum output.

[Effects]
Next, the effects of the lighting fixture 1, the lighting system, and the control method according to the present embodiment will be described.

As described above, the lighting fixture 1 according to the present embodiment includes the light emitting unit 30 that emits light and the control unit 20 that controls the output of light. In addition, the light emitting unit 30 emits light with the first output in a prescribed lighting state. Further, the control unit 20 has a first mode for performing control such that the light output is reduced from a maximum output smaller than the first output to a minimum output smaller than the maximum output at least once in the first period. Further, the first period is 2 seconds or more and 35 seconds or less. The minimum output is 5% or less of the first output.

Thus, by reducing the output of the light emitted from the light emitting unit 30 from the maximum output to the minimum output over the first period, the pupil diameter of the person changes as shown in FIG. In addition, as shown in the results of FIGS. 4 and 6, the first period and the first output are optimized in order to give a sleep-inducing effect to a person. The control unit 20 reduces the output of the light emitted from the light emitting unit 30 over the first period, that is, gradually changes the surroundings from a bright environment to a dark environment. For this reason, a person feels like being drowsy.

Therefore, by changing the output of the light emitted from the light emitting unit 30, a sleep-inducing effect can be given to a person in a short time.

照明 The lighting system according to the present embodiment includes a plurality of lighting fixtures 1.

Further, the control method according to the present embodiment emits light at the first output in the prescribed lighting state, and outputs the light from the maximum output smaller than the first output to the maximum output at least once in the first period. Also includes a first mode for controlling the output to be reduced to a small minimum output. Further, the first period is 2 seconds or more and 35 seconds or less. The minimum output is 5% or less of the first output.

において In these cases, the same operation and effect as described above can be obtained.

Further, in lighting device 1 according to the present embodiment, in the first mode, control unit 20 further directs the light output from the minimum output to the next maximum output in the second period after the first period. Control to increase.

As described above, in the first mode, if the output of light emitted from the light emitting unit 30 is reduced and then increased from the minimum output to the maximum output over the second period, the first output from the maximum output to the minimum output is further increased. The output of the light emitted from the light emitting unit 30 is reduced over a period. Accordingly, if the light emitting unit 30 is turned on so as to repeat light and dark of light, a person is more likely to be inviting drowsiness.

In lighting device 1 according to the present embodiment, the second period is not shorter than 2 seconds and not longer than 32 seconds.

According to this result, from the results in FIG. 7, if the second period is set to less than 2 seconds, the person feels that the period during which the output increases from the minimum output to the maximum output is short and suddenly bright, or the second period is 32 seconds. If the time is longer than a second, the user feels uncomfortable that the period during which the output increases from the minimum output to the maximum output becomes long and bright. For this reason, in the lighting fixture 1, even if the light emitting unit 30 increases the light output in the first mode, it is difficult to prevent a person from sleeping. That is, in the lighting fixture 1, the light emitted from the light emitting unit 30 becomes brighter, so that it is possible to suppress the person from awakening.

In the lighting fixture 1 according to the present embodiment, at least one of the decrease in light output and the increase in light output changes nonlinearly.

According to this, since the output of the light emitted from the light emitting unit 30 does not change monotonously, it is possible to approximate the rhythm at which a person is drowsy. This makes it difficult for a person to feel uncomfortable when the light emitted from the light emitting unit 30 becomes darker or brighter, so that drowsiness is easily induced.

In the lighting fixture 1 according to the present embodiment, the maximum output is 5% or less of the first output.

According to this, from the results shown in FIG. 6, by setting the maximum output to 5% or less of the first output of the light emitting unit 30, the person can easily feel drowsy.

In the lighting fixture 1 according to the present embodiment, the minimum output is 1/100 or more of the maximum output.

According to this, from the result of FIG. 8, it is difficult for a person to feel a sense of discomfort when the light emitted from the light emitting unit 30 becomes dark or bright, so that drowsiness is easily induced.

Further, in lighting device 1 according to the present embodiment, control unit 20 maintains the light output at the minimum output in the first mode and further in the third period between the first period and the second period. Control.

According to this, since the light emitted from the light emitting unit 30 is maintained in the dark state for the third period, the light does not immediately become bright, and the person does not easily feel discomfort. Further, since a dark period can be ensured in one control period in the first mode, drowsiness is more likely to be induced to a person.

In the lighting fixture 1 according to the present embodiment, the minimal output is an output of light including 0.

According to this, since the lighting device 1 can be turned off in the first mode, drowsiness is easily induced in a person.

Further, in lighting device 1 according to the present embodiment, control unit 20 in the first mode sets the light output to have a smaller change rate near the minimum output than the change rate near the maximum output. Control.

In Patent Literature 1, the above-described light-emitting unit is controlled in order to regulate human breathing. However, when this is applied to drowsiness for humans, different effects are exhibited. In the present embodiment, when the output of the light emitted from the lighting device 1 is near the minimum output, that is, when the output is dark, a gentle dark environment is maintained, so that a person is less likely to feel uncomfortable and drowsiness is easily induced. Become.

In addition, in the lighting fixture 1 according to the present embodiment, the control unit 20 further has a second mode for controlling the light output to be maintained at the first output.

According to this, since the lighting fixture 1 has a function as the normal lighting fixture 1, it is possible to switch between the first mode and the second mode.

In the lighting fixture 1 according to the present embodiment, the first output is 485 lm or more.

As described above, when the first output of the light emitting unit 30 is 485 lm or more, the brightness of the light emitted from the light emitting unit 30 at the maximum output can be ensured, and the darkness of the light emitted from the light emitting unit 30 at the minimum output can be reduced. Can be secured. For this reason, by making the light emitted from the light emitting unit 30 dark or bright, a sleep-inducing effect can be given to a person.

In addition, in the lighting fixture 1 according to the present embodiment, the light color of the light is equal to or lower than the neutral white color temperature.

光 Here, the light that people feel comfortable is known as Kruitov's comfortable area. In the comfortable area of Kruitov, color temperature and illuminance are related. In the comfortable area of Kruitov, for example, when the illuminance of light is low, a person feels that the light emitted from the light emitting unit 30 is insidious, cold, or the like. In addition, for example, in a state where the color temperature of light is high, it is said that a person feels the heat emitted from the light emitting unit 30 as hot. From this, the color temperature and the illuminance are related to the light that a person feels comfortable. In order for a person to feel light comfortably, it is preferable that the illuminance and the color temperature fall within a comfortable area of Kruitov where a predetermined relationship is established.

This makes it difficult for a person to feel uncomfortable due to the light color of the light emitted from the light emitting unit 30, so that drowsiness is easily induced.

In the lighting fixture 1 according to the present embodiment, the control period of the first mode is 4 seconds or more.

According to this, it is possible to secure a control period (a total of the first period and the second period) when the output of the light emitted from the light emitting unit 30 is reduced and increased once each in the first mode. it can. For this reason, by making the light emitted from the light emitting unit 30 dark or bright, a sleep-inducing effect can be given to a person.

In addition, in the lighting fixture 1 according to the present embodiment, the control unit 20 controls the light output to gradually change from the output at the end of the first mode to the second output smaller than the first output.

According to this, by ending the first mode, for example, a movement of turning off the lighting of the lighting apparatus 1 can be represented. If the lighting is maintained in the lighting mode of the lighting device 1 at the end of the first mode, it can be used as a nightlight. For this reason, when ending the first mode, it is difficult for the person to feel uncomfortable.

(Modification of Embodiment)
The configuration of the lighting apparatus 1 of the present modification is the same as that of the embodiment unless otherwise specified, and the same configuration is denoted by the same reference numeral, and detailed description of the configuration is omitted.

In the present modification, the first mode is to gradually decrease the maximum output of the light output from the light emitting unit 30 from the maximum output to the minimum output, and to reduce the minimum output of the light output from the light emitting unit 30 from the minimum output. At least one of stepwise increasing is performed toward the maximum output. 9A to 9C show an example in which the output of the light emitted from the light emitting unit 30 decreases stepwise. For example, in FIG. 9A, in the first period, the output of the light emitted from the light emitting unit 30 decreases stepwise from the maximum output to the minimum output. Note that FIG. 9A is merely an example, and the present invention is not limited to this.

段階 Stepwise here means connecting a linear or non-linear line and a linear or non-linear line at an inflection point.

よう As shown in FIG. 9B, the first period may have a plurality of inflection points, that is, three or more stages, and may include a plurality of curves. Further, as shown in FIG. 9C, a section in which the output of light emitted from the light emitting unit 30 is constant may exist in the first period. As a matter of course, in the first period, a period in which the light output of the light emitting unit 30 increases is not provided. Although the first period has been described as an example, the same applies to the second period. Also in the second period, a period during which the light output of the light emitting unit 30 decreases is not provided. Also, in the present modified example, the first mode may further include a third period.

In the lighting device 1 according to the present modified example, in the first mode, the control unit 20 controls, in the first mode, 1) control to gradually decrease the light output from the maximum output to the minimum output, and 2). At least one of the control of increasing stepwise from the minimum output to the maximum output is performed.

According to this, by changing at least one of the light output of the light emitting unit 30 in the first period and the light output of the light emitting unit 30 in the second period in a stepwise manner, light suitable for a person is provided. be able to.

(Other modified examples, etc.)
As described above, the present disclosure has been described based on the embodiments and the modifications of the embodiments. However, the present disclosure is not limited to the above embodiments and the modifications of the embodiments. In the following description, the same parts as those of the above-described embodiment and the modified example of the embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof may be omitted.

For example, in the lighting device according to the embodiment and the modification of the embodiment, when the lighting device is turned off and a person operates the operation unit to select the first mode, the control unit is temporarily emitted from the light emitting unit. Lighting is performed at the maximum output of the light, and after a predetermined period has elapsed, an operation of reducing the output of the light emitted from the light emitting unit from the maximum output to the minimum output over a first period is performed one or more times.

Also, the present invention can be realized as a program that causes a computer to execute the control method in the lighting device according to the embodiment and the modification of the embodiment, and a storage medium that stores the program.

Further, in the lighting fixture of the embodiment and the modification of the embodiment, the light output of the light emitting unit 30 at the end of the first mode changes from the minimum output to the second output indicated by the two-dot chain line in FIG. 2A. May be. A second output indicated by a two-dot chain line exemplifies a nightlight.

In addition, in the embodiment and the modification of the embodiment, the control unit may not be mounted on the lighting fixture. That is, the control unit may be connected to one or more lighting devices (not including the control unit) having the light emitting unit and the operation unit, and control each lighting device as described above.

Also, the present invention may be applied to a lighting system 100 including a plurality of

lighting apparatuses

1a and 1b according to the embodiment and the modifications of the embodiment. Each configuration of the

lighting fixtures

1a and 1b is the same as that of the lighting fixture 1. FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating an illumination system according to a modification.

In addition, embodiments obtained by applying various modifications conceived by those skilled in the art to the embodiments and the modifications of the embodiments, and configurations in the embodiments and the modifications of the embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present disclosure. A form realized by arbitrarily combining elements and functions is also included in the present disclosure.

1, 1a, 1b Lighting fixture 20 Control unit 30 Light emitting unit 100 Lighting system

Claims

A light emitting unit that emits light,
A control unit for controlling the output of the light,
The light-emitting unit emits the light at a first output in a specified lighting state,
The control unit has a first mode for performing control so as to reduce the output of the light from a maximum output smaller than the first output to a minimum output smaller than the maximum output at least once in a first period. ,
The first period is 2 seconds or more and 35 seconds or less,
The lighting device, wherein the minimum output is 5% or less of the first output.
The control unit controls the first mode to increase the output of the light from the minimum output to the next maximum output in a second period after the first period. 2. The lighting fixture according to 1.
The lighting device according to claim 2, wherein the second period is not less than 2 seconds and not more than 32 seconds.
The lighting device according to claim 2, wherein at least one of the decrease in the light output and the increase in the light output changes nonlinearly.
The lighting device according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the maximum output is 5% or less of the first output.
The control unit controls the output of the light to be kept at the minimum output in the first mode and further in a third period between the first period and the second period. The lighting fixture according to any one of claims 5 to 10.
The lighting device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the minimum output is 1/100 or more of the maximum output.
The lighting device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the minimum output is an output of the light including 0.
In the first mode, the control unit controls the output of the light to decrease stepwise from 1) the maximum output to the minimum output, and 2) from the minimum output to the maximum output. The lighting device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein at least one of the control for increasing stepwise is performed.
10. The control unit according to claim 1, wherein, in the first mode, the output of the light is controlled so that the rate of change near the minimum output is smaller than the rate of change near the maximum output. The lighting fixture according to claim 1.
The lighting device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the control unit further has a second mode for controlling the output of the light to be maintained at the first output.
The lighting device according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the first output is 485 lm or more.
The lighting fixture according to claim 12, wherein the light color of the light is equal to or lower than a neutral white color temperature.
The lighting device according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the control period of the first mode is 4 seconds or more.
The control device according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the control unit controls the output of the light to be gradually changed from an output at the end of the first mode to a second output smaller than the first output. The lighting fixture as described.
A lighting system comprising a plurality of the lighting fixtures according to any one of claims 1 to 15.
Emits light at a first output in a prescribed lighting state;
A first mode in which the output of the light is controlled to be reduced at least once from a maximum output smaller than the first output to a minimum output smaller than the maximum output, at least once,
The first period is 2 seconds or more and 35 seconds or less,
The control method, wherein the minimum output is 5% or less of the first output.