JP2003334250A - Illumination device and illumination control unit - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To allow observers having different adaptation statuses before observing an illumination light to relax easily by providing an illumination light having an appropriate light intensity. <P>SOLUTION: The illumination device for relaxation 1 comprises a light source 11, an operation part 12 to enter and set up a preadaptation period for adapting the eyes to an illumination environment such as an indoor environment, and a control part 13 for changing the brightness value of the light source 11 periodically after the predetermined preadaptation period set by the operation part 12 has passed. The control part 13 is provided with a light control signal generating part 131 which generates a given light control signal after an arbitrary preadaptation period entered from the operation part 12 has passed and a light control lighting unit 132 which works as a light control unit and controls the brightness value periodically by changing the average brightness value of a light emitting surface of the light source 11 according to the light control signal from the light control signal generating part 131. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an illumination device and an illumination control device for periodically changing the brightness of illumination light and adjusting breathing accordingly to bring the observer into a comfortable and relaxed state.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, this type of illuminating device realizes a comfortable environment by periodically changing the brightness of illumination light, and one that pays attention to 1 / f fluctuation and periodic rhythm has been used. Are known.

The inventors of the present application have researched an illuminating device that changes the brightness of the illuminating light, and have invented an illuminating device and an illuminating control method that change the brightness of the illuminating light at a frequency close to a respiratory rhythm. Kaihei 11-96809, Japanese Patent Application No. 2000-357591). According to the present invention, not only is the illumination light observed, but the rhythm of the observer's breathing can be adjusted by adjusting the breathing of the observer himself to the amount of light from the light source that changes periodically. As described above, adjusting the rhythm of breathing is considered to be effective in keeping a person relaxed.

[0004]

In the above conventional illumination device, the light amount of the illumination light is changed according to the rhythm of breathing, and the observer observes the illumination light to make the observer comfortable and relaxed. At this time, if there is not enough light quantity, it is not possible to observe the change in the illumination light, and by changing the light quantity of the illumination light, an illumination device that leads the observer to a comfortable and relaxed state (hereinafter referred to as a relax illumination device Call) is not effective enough. On the contrary, the amount of light is extremely high,
In other words, it is difficult to relax in an environment that is too bright. In fact, many people prefer a relatively low-light (dark) environment when they want to relax. Therefore, in the relaxing lighting device, the illuminating light needs to be perceivable and have a sufficiently small appropriate light amount in order to easily guide the person to a relaxed state.

On the other hand, human vision has an adaptation function to light. The adaptation function means that the visual sensitivity to light is high in a place with a small amount of light, and conversely, the sensitivity is low in a place with a large amount of light. For this reason, the sensitivity and sensation of human beings to light are constantly changing, and illumination light that is perceptible in one light adaptation state may become imperceptible in another light adaptation state. Therefore, the same illumination light may or may not feel dazzling.

Considering such a visual adaptation function, even in a relaxed illuminator, if the observer's adaptation state before observation of the illumination light (hereinafter referred to as "pre-adaptation state") is different, the illumination light to the observer is appropriate. The amount of light varies. Therefore, in order to use the relaxing lighting device more comfortably, there is a problem that the brightness of the illumination light needs to be changed according to the pre-adaptation state of the observer.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional problems by changing the brightness of the illumination light according to the observer's pre-adaptation state so that there is no glare, a perceptible and sufficiently small amount of light. It is an object of the present invention to provide a lighting device and a lighting control device that can obtain the above-mentioned features and can easily lead to a relaxed state with improved comfort.

[0008]

The illumination device of the present invention has a pre-acclimation period for accommodating the eyes in the illumination device for periodically changing the luminance value of the light source to bring a person into a relaxed state. (A pre-acclimation period is set), and a control unit for periodically controlling the brightness value of the light source after at least the lapse of the pre-acclimation period is provided, thereby achieving the above object. .

The illumination device of the present invention is capable of inputting a set value for a pre-adaptation period for accommodating the eyes in an illumination device for periodically changing the brightness value of a light source to bring a person into a relaxed state. The first operation input section and the first
And a first control unit that sets a pre-acclimation period according to an input set value from the operation input unit, and that periodically controls the luminance value of the light source after at least the pre-acclimation period has elapsed, Thereby, the above object is achieved.

Further, preferably, the first control section in the illuminating device of the present invention includes a first dimming signal generating section which outputs a predetermined dimming signal after at least the acclimation period, and the output dimming signal. A first dimming control unit that periodically controls the brightness value of the light source according to the optical signal.

The lighting device of the present invention is a lighting device for periodically changing the brightness value of a light source to guide a person to a relaxed state, and a second operation for inputting a set value for a reference brightness value of the light source. An input unit and a second control unit that sets the reference luminance value of the light source according to the input setting value from the second operation input unit are provided, and thereby the above object is achieved. .

Further, preferably, the second control section in the illuminating device of the present invention generates a second dimming signal for outputting a predetermined dimming signal according to an input set value from the second operation input section. And a second dimming control unit that periodically controls the brightness value of the light source according to the output dimming signal.

The lighting device of the present invention is a lighting device for periodically changing the brightness value of a light source to bring a person into a relaxed state, and sets the brightness value of an illumination environment other than the light source or a value corresponding to the brightness value. And a third control unit that sets a reference brightness value of the light source according to a brightness value detected by the detection unit or a value corresponding to the brightness value. The above object is achieved by the above.

Further, preferably, the third control section in the illuminating device of the present invention outputs a predetermined dimming signal according to the brightness value detected by the detection section or a value corresponding to the brightness value. And a third dimming control unit for periodically controlling the brightness value of the light source according to the outputted dimming signal.

Further, preferably, the dimming signal generating section in the lighting device of the present invention comprises a plurality of dimming signal generating devices,
A first selection unit that selects one of the plurality of dimming signal generation devices based on an input operation from the operation input unit.

Further preferably, the dimming signal generator in the lighting device of the present invention comprises a plurality of dimming signal generators,
A second selection unit that selects one of the plurality of dimming signal generation devices according to the brightness value detected by the detection unit or a value corresponding to the brightness value.

Further, preferably, the dimming signal generator in the illuminating device of the present invention sets the minimum luminance per cycle of the illumination light from the light source to Lmin, and the plurality of dimming controls for controlling the luminance of the light source. any of the signal n (n is a natural number), relaxed at the start varies depending n the luminance L _I
from n, the same and the luminance L _I brightness L _R during small relaxation complete than any of the n regardless of n, and outputs as the Lmin decreases gradually.

Further, preferably, in the illumination device of the present invention, Dn (n is a natural number) is a pre-adaptation luminance, and (0.00025 × Dn + 0.25) × L _R ≦ L _I n ≦
A (0.004 × Dn + 8) × L R.

Further, preferably, in the dimming signal generator in the illuminating device of the present invention, the minimum luminance Lmin per cycle of the illumination light from the light source is during the pre-adaptation period T _I.
The output is made so as to have the same luminance L _I.

Further, preferably, the dimming signal generator in the illuminating device of the present invention sets the minimum luminance per cycle of the illumination light from the light source to Lmin, and sets a plurality of dimming signals for controlling the luminance output from the light source. Any one of the optical signals n (n is a natural number) is output so that Lmin has the same luminance L _I regardless of n during the pre-adaptation period T _I n (n is a natural number) that varies depending on n.

Furthermore, preferably, T _I or T _I n (n is a natural number) in the lighting device of the present invention is more than 15 seconds 10
It is 0 seconds or less.

Further, preferably, the dimming signal generator in the illuminating device of the present invention has a luminance ratio C1 (= Lmax / Lmin) of the maximum luminance to the minimum luminance Lmin per one cycle of the light emitting surface of the light source in the pre-adaptation period. ) Is 10 <
The dimming signal is generated so as to be substantially constant in the range of C1 ≦ 100. Further, preferably, the dimming signal generation unit in the lighting apparatus of the present invention has the minimum luminance Lmin2 per cycle of the light emitting surface of the light source in the relaxation period.
Luminance ratio C2 (= Lmax
The dimming signal is generated so that 2 / Lmin2) is substantially constant in the range of 6 ≦ C2 ≦ 100.

The illumination device of the present invention can input a set value for the pre-adaptation period for accommodating the eyes in the illumination device for periodically changing the luminance value of the light source to guide the person to a relaxed state. A first operation input unit, a second operation input unit capable of inputting a set value for the reference luminance value of the light source, and a first operation input unit for a preset pre-acclimation period. When the set value is entered,
A fourth adaptation is made such that the pre-acclimation period is reset according to the input set value, and the reference luminance value of the light source can be set in accordance with the input set value from the second operation input unit in the pre-adaptation period. And a control unit, whereby the above object is achieved. Further, the illumination device of the present invention is capable of inputting a set value for a pre-adaptation period for accommodating the eyes in an illumination device for guiding a person to a relaxed state by periodically changing the brightness value of a light source. 1 operation input unit, a second operation input unit capable of inputting a set value for the reference luminance value of the light source, and a pre-acclimation period is set according to the input set value from the first operation input unit, In the set pre-acclimation period, a fourth control unit that sets the reference luminance value of the light source according to the input set value from the second operation input unit is provided, and thereby the above object is achieved. To be achieved.

The illumination device of the present invention can input a set value for the pre-adaptation period for accommodating the eyes in the illumination device for periodically changing the luminance value of the light source to guide the person to a relaxed state. A first operation input section, a detection section that detects a brightness value of a lighting environment other than the light source or a value corresponding to the brightness value, and a first operation input section for a preset pre-acclimation period. When the input set value is input, the pre-acclimation period is reset according to the input set value, and according to the brightness value detected by the detection unit or the value corresponding to the brightness value in the pre-adaptation period set. And a fifth control unit capable of setting the reference luminance value of the light source, thereby achieving the above object. Further, the illumination device of the present invention is capable of inputting a set value for a pre-adaptation period for accommodating the eyes in an illumination device for guiding a person to a relaxed state by periodically changing the brightness value of a light source. An operation input unit, a detection unit that detects a brightness value of a lighting environment other than the light source, or a value corresponding to the brightness value;
The pre-acclimation period is set according to the set value input from the operation input section of the, and the light source reference is set according to the brightness value detected by the detection section or the value corresponding to the brightness value during the set pre-acclimation period. And a fifth control unit for setting a brightness value, whereby the above object is achieved.

Next, in the illumination control device of the present invention, a pre-adaptation period for accommodating the eyes is set in the illumination control device which periodically controls the brightness value of the light source so as to bring the person to a relaxed state. A first dimming signal generation unit that includes a control unit that periodically controls the brightness value of the light source after at least the pre-adaptation period has elapsed, and the control unit outputs a predetermined dimming signal after at least the pre-adaptation period has elapsed. And a first dimming control unit that periodically controls the brightness value of the light source according to the dimming signal, thereby achieving the above object.

Further, the illumination control device of the present invention is a lighting control device for periodically controlling the brightness value of a light source so as to bring a person into a relaxed state, and a set value for a pre-adaptation period for accommodating the eyes is input. A first control unit that sets a pre-acclimation period according to an input set value and periodically controls the brightness value of the light source after at least the set pre-acclimation period has elapsed. It has a first dimming signal generation unit that outputs a predetermined dimming signal after at least the acclimation period, and a first dimming control unit that periodically controls the brightness value of the light source according to the dimming signal. The above object is achieved thereby.

Further, the lighting control device of the present invention is a lighting control device for periodically controlling the luminance value of a light source so as to guide a person to a relaxed state. And a second control unit that sets a reference brightness value of the light source according to the second control unit. The second control unit outputs a predetermined dimming signal according to the set reference brightness value. And a second dimming control unit that periodically controls the brightness value of the light source according to the dimming signal, and thereby achieves the above object.

Further, the lighting control device of the present invention is a lighting control device for periodically controlling the brightness value of a light source so as to bring a person into a relaxed state, and the brightness value of a lighting environment other than the light source or a value corresponding to the brightness value. Is detected, and a third control unit that sets the reference brightness value of the light source according to the detected brightness value or a value corresponding to the detected brightness value is provided. A third dimming signal generation unit that outputs a predetermined dimming signal according to a value corresponding to, and a third dimming control unit that periodically controls the brightness value of the light source according to the dimming signal. The above object is achieved thereby.

With the above structure, in the present invention, the pre-acclimation period for accommodating the eyes can be preset, input can be set, the reference luminance value of the light source can be input and set, and further, the illumination other than the light source can be set. It detects the brightness value of the environment or the value corresponding to this brightness value, and changes the reference brightness value of the light source according to the detected brightness value or the value corresponding to this brightness value. It is possible to obtain an appropriate amount of light that has no glare, is perceivable in the light source period, and is sufficiently relaxable, and it is possible to enhance comfort and easily lead to a relaxed state. Become.

[0030]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments 1 to 12 of a lighting device of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In addition, in the following drawings, for simplification of description, components having substantially the same functions are denoted by the same reference numerals. The present invention also includes the following Embodiments 1 to 12.
Should not be construed as limiting. (Embodiment 1) In Embodiment 1, in order to achieve a different pre-acclimation state for each observer, a necessary pre-acclimation period can be input for each observer.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a main configuration of a lighting device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

In FIG. 1, the relax lighting device 1 is
A light source 11, an operation input unit 12 (hereinafter, referred to as an operation unit 12) capable of inputting a set value for a pre-acclimation period for adaptation of the eye to an illumination environment such as a room, and a set value input by the operation unit 12. And a controller 13 that sets the pre-acclimation period according to the above and periodically changes the luminance value of the light source 11 after the set pre-acclimation period.

The light source 11 is, for example, an incandescent lamp, but is not limited to this. The light source 11 may be any type of light source, such as a fluorescent lamp, if dimming can be realized.
A compact fluorescent lamp, a high-intensity discharge lamp, an LED light source, an organic EL light source, etc. can be used.

The operation unit 12 is provided with an input means such as various dials and buttons for inputting a set value corresponding to the pre-acclimation period. With this input means, the observer of the illumination light can arbitrarily set the pre-acclimation period. I have to. The observer is
By increasing (or increasing or decreasing) the pre-acclimation period set from the operation unit 12 by input operation, it is possible to select an illumination light output that is appropriately designed for one's reliable pre-acclimation. It is possible to observe an appropriate illumination light whose brightness changes periodically in order to synchronize with the. An external view of the operation unit 12 is shown in FIG.

FIG. 2A is a plan view showing a specific example of the operation unit 12 of FIG. In FIG. 2A, the operation unit 1
2 is a button (input means) for the observer to input a set value for the pre-acclimation period (for example, addition for a certain period of time)
When the observer wants to operate the illumination device 1, the power button 121 is pressed, and after the power button 121 is turned on, it is determined that the eye is not yet pre-acclimated within a predetermined reference pre-acclimation period (for example, 30 seconds). The observer is provided with a delay button 122 that is pressed to add a predetermined reference pre-acclimation period for a certain period of time (for example, 5 seconds are added each time the button is pressed). The operation unit 12 is not limited to that shown in FIG. Various forms of the operation unit 12 are conceivable as long as the observer can select an appropriate pre-acclimation period, and for example, the form shown in FIG. 2C may be used. In FIG. 2 (c), the buttons 122A, 1
The setting value of the pre-acclimation period can be increased or decreased by the input operation by 22B.

On the other hand, in the control unit 13, an arbitrary pre-acclimation period is set and input by the operation unit 12, and a dimming signal generation unit 131 which generates a predetermined dimming signal after the pre-acclimation period has elapsed.
And a dimming lighting device 13 as a dimming control device for periodically controlling the luminance value by changing the luminance average value of the light emitting surface of the light source 11 according to the dimming signal from the dimming signal generation unit 131.
2 and.

The dimming signal generation unit 131 is composed of, for example, a computer (a storage unit in which a CPU and a program are stored), and adjusts a voltage signal (for example, a voltage signal of 0 to 5 V) that periodically changes with the passage of time. It is output to the dimming lighting device 132 as an optical signal. The dimming signal transmitted from the dimming signal generation unit 131 is designed according to the illumination light control method for relaxing the observer. Here, periodic dimming control with the rhythm of breathing is performed. Further, the dimming signal generation unit 131 can arbitrarily set different pre-adaptation states of the observer, that is, different pre-adaptation periods from the operation unit 12.

The dimming lighting device 132 converts the voltage signal (dimming signal) output from the dimming signal generator 131 into a current signal and outputs the current signal to the light source 11. Light source 1
In No. 1, the brightness of the light emitting surface is changed according to the magnitude of the current output from the dimming lighting device 132.

FIG. 3 schematically shows that the observer 10 is observing the illumination light 111 from the light source 11 of the illumination device 1 while lying on the bed 15. In FIG. 3, the lighting device 1 includes the control unit 13 in the pedestal 112, and the control unit 1
3 has an outlet 113 for connecting to a power source. The observer 10 can select the optimum illumination light 111 by an input operation from the operation unit 12 which is the pre-acclimation period adjustment unit. The observer 10 observes the illumination light 111 whose light amount changes periodically, thereby observing the breathing illumination light 1
It is possible to improve the relaxed state in synchronization with the change in the light amount of 11. In the first embodiment, "relaxing" includes not only stress relief but also feeling comfortable and falling asleep, and the present invention can be used for the purpose of facilitating falling asleep. .

In the first embodiment, the relaxing lighting device 1 includes the light source 11, the operation unit 12 capable of inputting the set value for the pre-acclimation period for accommodating the eyes to the illumination environment such as the room, and the like. And a control unit 13 for setting a pre-acclimation period according to a set value input by the operation unit 12 and periodically changing the luminance value of the light source 11 after the set pre-acclimation period. However, without being limited to this, the pre-acclimation period for acclimatizing the eyes is set in advance without providing the operation unit 12, and the luminance value of the light source 11 is periodically changed during or after the acclimation period. The control unit 13A (not shown) may be included. That is,
It is effective to eliminate pre-acclimation simply by providing a pre-acclimation period. If enough time is spent, the observer can be brought to the same adaptation state regardless of preadaptation. Therefore, there is an effect of eliminating the pre-acclimation only by providing the pre-acclimation period for accommodating the eyes for a certain time without providing the operation unit 12. It is preferable that the length of the pre-acclimation period can be manipulated by providing the manipulation unit 12 as in the first embodiment. (Embodiment 2) In Embodiment 2, in order to set the optimum brightness that is not dazzling and perceptible to each observer,
This is a case where the observer can set and input the set brightness value.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the main parts of the second embodiment of the lighting device of the present invention.

In FIG. 4, the relaxing lighting device 2 is
Depending on the light source 21, the operation unit 22 as an operation input unit that allows the observer to input a set value for an arbitrary reference brightness value (for example, an average brightness value) of the light source 21, and an input set value from the operation unit 22. And a control unit 23 that periodically controls the brightness value of the light source 21 based on the set reference brightness value (eg, average brightness value). There is.

The light source 21 is, for example, an incandescent light bulb, but is not limited to this. As the light source 21, any type of light source can be used as long as dimming can be realized, for example, a fluorescent lamp, a compact fluorescent lamp, a high-intensity discharge lamp, an LED light source, an organic EL light source, or the like.

The operation unit 22 is provided with, for example, a dial and buttons, and an observer can set an arbitrary brightness value.
The observer can select the illumination light appropriately designed for his or her preadaptation by adjusting the reference luminance value set and input from the operation unit 22, and observe the illumination light having the appropriate luminance value. You can This external view is shown in FIG.

FIG. 2B is a plan view showing a specific example of the operating section 22 shown in FIG. In FIG. 2B, the operation unit 2
2 is a button 221 for increasing the brightness value, which is pressed by the observer when the observer feels the illumination light is “hard to understand” and a brightness which is pressed when the observer feels the illumination light is “dazzling”. A button 222 for decreasing the value and a power button 223 are provided.

When the observer feels that the brightness of the illumination light from the illumination device 2 is too small to understand after pressing the power button 223, the observer is brighter than the assumed pre-acclimation state of the illumination light. It is adapted to the environment and is considered to have insufficient visual sensitivity. In this case, the observer
By pressing the button 221 for increasing the brightness value, a dimming signal designed assuming a brighter environment is output, and the brightness value of the illumination light from the light source 21 is changed to increase. On the contrary, when the observer feels the illumination light dazzling, it is considered that the observer has adapted to the environment darker than the pre-acclimation state assumed by the illumination light. In this case, the observer presses the button 222 for decreasing the brightness value, and a dimming signal designed assuming a darker environment is output, and the brightness value of the illumination light from the light source 21 decreases. To be changed. The form of the operation unit 22 of the present invention is not limited to that shown in FIG. Various forms of the operation unit 22 can be considered if the observer can select the illumination light 7.

The control section 23 includes a dimming signal generating section 231 for generating a predetermined dimming signal based on the set value for the reference luminance value input from the operating section 22, and a dimming signal generating section 23.
The reference luminance value (for example, average luminance value) of the light source 21 is changed according to the dimming signal generated in 1, and the luminance value of the light source 21 is periodically changed with respect to the reference luminance value (for example, average luminance value). Control lighting device 232 as a second dimming control unit
And have.

The dimming signal generation unit 231 is composed of, for example, a computer (a storage unit in which a CPU and a program are stored), and includes a plurality of dimming signal generation devices 231a, 231b, 231c, ... A dimming signal generation device 231a, 231b, 231c ... And a selection unit 231A for selecting one, and a voltage signal (for example, a voltage signal of 0 to 5V) that periodically changes with the passage of time. It outputs to the dimming lighting device 232 as a dimming signal.

A plurality of dimming signal generators 231a, 231
b, 231c ... Output a voltage signal (for example, a voltage signal of 0 to 5 V) that changes with the passage of time to the selection unit 231A as a dimming signal.

The selection unit 231A is configured to operate a plurality of dimming signal generation devices 23 according to the brightness value input and set by the operation unit 22.
One of 1a, 231b, 231c ... Is selected, and a dimming signal (control signal) from the selected dimming signal generation device.
Is transmitted to the dimming lighting device 232. As described above, the dimming signal transmitted from the selected dimming signal generator is designed according to the illumination light control method for relaxing the observer. Here, periodic dimming control based on the rhythm of breathing is performed. Here, a periodical control method based on the rhythm of breathing will be described. In addition, a plurality of dimming signal generation devices 2
31a, 231b, 231c ... Are each designed assuming a different pre-acclimation state for each observer.

The dimming lighting device 232 converts the voltage signal (dimming signal) output from the selected dimming signal generating device into a current signal, and outputs the current signal to the light source 21. Thereby, in the light source 21, the brightness of the light emitting surface can be periodically changed according to the magnitude of the current output from the dimming lighting device 232.

As in the case of the first embodiment, FIG. 3 schematically shows that the observer 20 sleeps on the bed 25 and observes the illumination light 211 from the floor stand type illumination device 2. Is shown in. The lighting device 2 includes a control unit 23 inside the pedestal 212, and the control unit 23 includes an outlet 213 for connecting to a power source.

Although it is assumed in FIG. 3 that the observer 20 obtains relaxing illumination with his eyes open, as will be described later in detail, when the observer 20 has his eyes closed, a floor-standing type illumination is used. Illumination that provides a sufficient amount of light, such as when the device 2 is in the vicinity of the observer 20 or when the light source 21 of the illuminating device 2 is installed inside the eye mask instead of the floor stand type illuminating device 2. The environment is needed.
Further, in FIG. 3, the floor stand type lighting device 2 is assumed, but the lighting device 2 is not limited to this, and may be a ceiling mounting type lighting device 2. In this case, whether the observer 20 has the eyes open or closed,
A person can be brought into a relaxed state by observing the periodic illumination light 211 from the light source 21 of the ceiling-mounted lighting device 2 while lying on the table 5.

Therefore, the observer 20 selects a plurality of dimming signal generators 231a, 231b, 231c ... In response to an operation input from the operation unit 22 as a brightness adjusting unit, whereby the brightness changes periodically. Illuminating light 21
The optimum reference brightness value (optimal average brightness value) of 1 can be selected. As a result, the observer 20 can improve the relaxed state by observing the illumination light 211 having the optimum brightness and smoothly adjusting breathing to the cycle of the illumination light 211.

In the second embodiment, "relax" is performed.
The term "not only means relieving stress but also includes feeling comfortable and falling asleep, and the present invention can be used for the purpose of facilitating falling asleep. (Third Embodiment) In the third embodiment, an optimum initial brightness state that can be perceived by each observer without being dazzled is automatically set according to the detected brightness value of the indoor lighting environment.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the main parts of a third embodiment of the lighting device of the present invention.

In FIG. 5, the relaxing lighting device 3 is
The light source 31, the detection unit 32 that detects the indoor light environment (illuminance on the floor surface, maximum brightness in the room, etc.), and the light source 31 is cycled based on the detected illuminance (value corresponding to the brightness value) or the detected brightness value. And a control unit 33 for changing the image.

The light source 31 is, for example, an incandescent light bulb, but is not limited to this. As the light source 31, any type of light source, such as a fluorescent lamp, a compact fluorescent lamp, a high-intensity discharge lamp, an LED light source, and an organic EL light source, can be used as long as dimming can be realized.

The detecting section 32 is a device including a sensor for measuring the indoor light environment, for example, the illuminance, the brightness value of the ceiling surface or a value corresponding to this brightness value (eye surface illuminance, current value flowing in the light source, etc.). However, here, an apparatus for detecting the brightness value of the light source 31 will be described.

The control section 33 generates a predetermined dimming signal based on the brightness value detected by the detecting section 32, and a dimming signal generated by the dimming signal generating section 331. The average brightness value of the light source 31 is changed in accordance with the above, and a dimming lighting device 332 as a dimming control unit that periodically controls the brightness value of the light source 31 with respect to this average brightness value is provided.

The dimming signal generator 231 is composed of, for example, a computer (a storage unit in which a CPU and a program are stored), and a plurality of dimming signal generators 331a, 331b, 331c ... A dimming signal generation device 331a, 331b, 331c ... And a selection unit 331A for selecting one, and a voltage signal (for example, a voltage signal of 0 to 5V) that periodically changes with the passage of time. It outputs to the dimming lighting device 332 as a dimming signal.

A plurality of dimming signal generators 331a, 331
b, 331c ... Output a voltage signal (for example, a voltage signal of 0 to 5 V) that changes with the passage of time to the selection unit 331A as a dimming signal.

The selecting unit 231A selects an appropriate one from a plurality of dimming signal generating devices 331a, 331b, 331c ... In accordance with the illumination environment (luminance value) detected by the detecting unit 32, A dimming signal (control signal) from the selected dimming signal generating device is transmitted to the dimming lighting device 332. As described above, the dimming signal transmitted from the selected dimming signal generator is designed according to the illumination light control method for relaxing the observer. Here, periodic dimming control based on the rhythm of breathing is performed. Further, the plurality of dimming signal generation devices 331a, 331b, 331c, ... Are designed on the assumption of different pre-acclimation states for each observer.

The dimming lighting device 332 converts the voltage signal (dimming signal) output from the selected dimming signal generating device into a current signal, and outputs the current signal to the light source 31. Thereby, in the light source 31, the brightness of the light emitting surface can be periodically changed according to the magnitude of the current output from the dimming lighting device 332.

As described above, in the lighting device 3, the selection unit 3
31A selects an appropriate dimming signal generator according to the indoor light environment detected by the detector 32 before the illumination light observation.
As a result, the most appropriately designed illumination light is selected for the pre-acclimation by the indoor light environment before the illumination light observation, and the observer can observe the appropriate illumination light.

FIG. 6 schematically shows how the observer 30 observes the illumination light 311 from the light source 31 of the floor stand type illumination device 3. The lighting device 3 includes a control unit 33 inside the pedestal 312, and the control unit 33 includes an outlet 313 for connecting to a power supply. Observer 30
The brightness value of the indoor light environment (for example, the brightness value corresponding to the illuminance of the floor) is detected by the detection unit 32 placed in the vicinity of the optimum illumination light 3 based on the detected brightness value.
Eleven reference brightness values (for example, average brightness values) are selected.

Particularly at night, the light environment in the room is determined by the lighting state of the installed light. Therefore, the detection unit 32 may detect the degree of dimming (including extinction) of the lighting devices other than the lighting device 3.

FIG. 7 shows an indoor lighting environment (eg, brightness value).
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional structural view of a main lighting device schematically showing an example in which the lighting device 3 of the present invention is installed in a main lighting device 34 (for example, a ceiling light type lighting device) in a room in order to detect the. In FIG. 7, the detection unit 32A predicts (converts) the degree of dimming of the main illumination from the dimming lighting device 34 of the main illumination, and the brightness value from the current value or the voltage value (value for the brightness value) for the light source. The brightness value of the main illumination can be detected by conversion or the like. When most of the light environment in the room is determined by the main illumination, the pre-adaptation state of the observer 30 is determined by the degree of dimming (luminance value) of the main illumination before the observation of the illumination light 311. Therefore, it is obvious that the lighting device 3 of the present invention may be configured in the form of FIG. 7.

In FIG. 6, the control unit 33, which is the lighting control device, is housed inside the pedestal 312 of the lighting device 3, but inside the case provided in the middle of the power supply line 313A of the lighting device 3, etc. It may be stored in the. Further, the control unit 33 may be further provided in the lighting circuit portion of the compact fluorescent lamp having the lighting circuit. Of course, FIG.
The same applies to the lighting device 3. The illumination control device may include only the control unit 33 or may include the detection unit 32A.

Further, in FIGS. 3 and 6, the lighting devices 1 to 3 are used.
Although the floor stand type is shown as the above, the present invention is not limited to this, and various types such as a wall hanging type and a ceiling hanging type are conceivable. As the illuminating devices 1 to 3, a ceiling light or any other type can be used. Further, the present invention is not limited to the form of a normal illumination device as long as the observer can observe the illumination light, and may be a device of any form. For example, the light sources may be provided inside an eye mask, glasses, sunglasses, etc., and the light sources may be located near the observer's eyes to configure the illumination devices 1 to 3.

Further, in the above-described first to third embodiments, the control units 13 and 2 for controlling the illumination by the illumination control method that leads the observer to a comfortable and relaxed state by changing the light amount.
3,33 (These are called relaxing lighting control devices)
Can be separated from the operation units 12 and 22 or the detection unit 32 and used as a relaxing illumination control device attached to an existing illumination device or light source. Of course, such a case is also included in the present invention.

Further, in the first embodiment described above, the provision of the pre-adaptation period by the input operation is explained. In the second embodiment, the reference luminance value of the light source 21 is controlled by the input operation in consideration of the pre-adaptation state. About
In the third embodiment, the relaxation light source 2 is detected by the detection unit that detects the brightness value of the illumination environment in consideration of the pre-adaptation state.
Although the control of the reference brightness value of No. 1 has been described, at least two of the first to third embodiments may be combined and configured. For example, the detection unit 32 may be provided together with the operation unit 12 or 22 by combining the first or second embodiment with the third embodiment.
In addition, by combining the first and second embodiments, a pre-acclimation period can be provided by an input operation, and a relaxing light source 21 in consideration of the lighting environment (lighting brightness value) of the room.
It is also possible to control the brightness value of the input device by an input operation.

For example, when the main parts of FIG. 1 and FIG. 4 are combined, the operating unit 12 for inputting and setting the pre-acclimation period for accommodating the eyes and the light source 1 as the illuminating device of the present invention.
The operation unit 22 for inputting and setting the reference brightness value of 1, and the reference brightness value of the light source 11 is changed according to the brightness value set by the operation unit 12 in the pre-acclimation period set by the operation unit 12. , And a control unit for periodically changing the luminance value of the light source 11 to bring a person into a relaxed state.

Further, for example, when the main parts of FIG. 1 and FIG. 5 are combined, the operation unit 12 for inputting and setting the pre-acclimation period for accommodating the eyes as the illumination device of the present invention,
The detection unit 32 that detects the brightness value of the illumination environment other than the relaxing light source 11, and the reference brightness value of the light source 11 according to the brightness value detected by the detection unit 32 in the pre-acclimation period set by the operation unit 12. And a control unit for periodically changing the luminance value of the light source 11 to bring a person into a relaxed state. (Fourth Embodiment) In the fourth embodiment, in the second and third embodiments in which the reference luminance value of the light source at the start of relaxation is controlled according to the pre-adaptation state, the relaxing illumination in which the luminance value is periodically changed with a constant amplitude. This is the case when applied to a device.

As the fourth embodiment, first, an illumination device, which was previously invented by the present inventors, for periodically changing the luminance value with a breathing rhythm and a constant amplitude will be described.

FIG. 8 is a luminance characteristic diagram of the fourth embodiment of the present invention in which the luminance value is periodically changed with a constant amplitude. In FIG. 8, the vertical axis represents luminance and the horizontal axis represents time. Note that, here, a case will be described in which the second embodiment (FIGS. 4 and 3) is applied to FIG. 8 (constant amplitude luminance characteristic), but the same applies to the third embodiment (FIGS. 5 and 6). Can be made.

In FIG. 8, Lmax is the maximum luminance in one cycle and Lmin is the minimum luminance in one cycle. L is the luminance of the light source 21, and the luminance is periodically increased and decreased between Lmax and Lmin. Observer 2
0 breathes according to the change in the amount of illumination light 211 (= the change in the brightness L of the light source 21). For example, the observer 20 takes a breath in a period from when the illumination light 211 is darkest (when L is Lmin) to when it is brightest, and becomes darkest when the illumination light 211 is brightest (when L is Lmax). Exhale for up to a period. Further, the observer 20 may exhale during the period from the darkest illumination light 211 to the brightest, and may inhale during the period from the brightest illumination light 211 to the darkest. As described above, the observer 20 breathes in accordance with the change in the brightness of the illumination light 211, so that the brightness of the illumination light 211 that periodically changes.
You can adjust the rhythm of breathing against. This improves the relaxed state of the observer 20.

When observing the illumination light 211, the observer 2
0 may observe the illumination light 211 with the eyes open, but may also have the eyes closed (eye closed state). Even with the eyes closed, a part (about 5%) of the illumination light 211 passes through the eyelids, so that the rhythm of breathing can be adjusted if the light amount is sufficient. Since the amount of light that passes through the eyelid is proportional to the illuminance on the eyelid (eye surface illuminance), the illumination light 211 perceived when the eyes are closed.
Is accurately measured by the illuminance on the eye surface. However, since the illuminance is proportional to the brightness of the light source 21 at the same position with respect to the light source 21, the relative magnitude of the light amount of the illumination light 211 can be measured by the brightness value of the light source 21 even when the eyes are closed. Further, the change in the illuminance of the eye surface and the change in the brightness of the light source 21 are relatively at the same position.

When observing the illumination light 211 as shown in FIG. 8 to adjust breathing, it is important how Lmax and Lmin are set. In other words, Lmin and the luminance ratio C (= Lmax / Lmin) of Lmax to Lmin are important. In order to sufficiently perceive the change of the illumination light 211, the luminance ratio C of a certain size or more is required.
However, at this time, if Lmin is too large, the light amount of the illumination light 211 becomes too large on average, and the illumination light 2
11 becomes dazzling and uncomfortable. On the contrary, when Lmin is too small, the light amount of the illumination light 211 is less than the perceptible minimum light amount, and the illumination light 211 cannot be perceived sufficiently. This is a problem that is frequently generated when the observer has eyes closed. Even when Lmin is too small, if the luminance ratio C is increased, a part of the illumination light 211 has a perceivable light amount, and to some extent, the breath can be matched with the cycle of the illumination light 211. Generally, there is a limit to the range in which the light source 21 can perform dimming control, and it is difficult to extremely increase the brightness ratio C. Therefore, if Lmin is too small, it becomes difficult to obtain the illumination light 211 that can adjust the breathing sufficiently. As described above, the design of Lmin is important in the relaxing lighting device in which the luminance changes periodically with the breathing rhythm shown in FIG.

In the fourth embodiment, a dimming signal having a constant amplitude luminance period characteristic consisting of constant Lmax and Lmin is used to relax the breathing rhythm in accordance with the periodic luminance change of the light source (rest state). In order to acclimatize the eye, the brightness value can be input and set from the operation unit 22, and the reference brightness value (average brightness value) is changed for a predetermined pre-acclimation period in accordance with the set reference brightness value. The set reference brightness value may be set based on the value detected by the detection unit 32 in FIG. Note that the present invention is not limited to this, and it is possible to simply provide the pre-adaptation adjustment period and not to output a dimming signal of a predetermined cycle, and to output a dimming signal of a constant luminance value. In this case, the first embodiment
Can be applied. (Fifth Embodiment) In the fifth embodiment, the second and third embodiments in which a predetermined reference luminance value is set according to the pre-adaptation state are used, and the minimum luminance per cycle of the illumination light from the light source is as shown in FIG. The value Lmin is calculated from the brightness value L _{I at the} beginning of relaxation,
This is a case where the present invention is applied to a relaxing lighting device that is lower than the brightness value L _I and gradually decreases to the brightness value L _R when the final relaxation is completed.

FIG. 9 is a luminance characteristic diagram of the fifth embodiment of the present invention in which the luminance is periodically changed with the rhythm of breathing and the average luminance value is gradually decreased. In FIG. 9, the vertical axis represents luminance and the horizontal axis represents time. Here, a case will be described in which the second embodiment (FIGS. 4 and 3) in which an optimum brightness value is input and set for each observer that is not dazzling and is perceptible is applied to the brightness characteristics of FIG. Form 3
The same can be applied to (FIGS. 5 and 6).

In FIG. 9, L is the brightness of the light source 21. As mentioned above, a relatively dark environment is preferred if a relaxed state is desired. Therefore, when the illumination light 211 is observed, the environment is usually lighter (darker) than before the observation. Therefore, the dark adaptation of vision starts immediately after the observation of the illumination light 211 and the illumination light 2
As the light quantity of 11, a smaller quantity is suitable.

In FIG. 9, the illumination light 2 is changed according to the dark adaptation of the visual sense.
In order to decrease the light amount of 11, Lmin is decreased with the passage of time. LA is a curve connecting Lmin of each cycle of L and represents a change of Lmin. LA takes brightness L _I at time 0, that is, immediately after the start of observation of the illumination light 211,
It gradually decreases in accordance with the dark adaptation of vision, and after time T has passed, it reaches a luminance L _R lower than L _I. Lmin is the illumination light 211
It is necessary to change the brightness value so as not to dazzle. In addition to this, as will be described later in detail, a certain size or more is required so that the breathing can be adjusted sufficiently with a practically realizable luminance ratio C (Lmax / Lmin).
Therefore, in the control example of FIG. 9, the LA design is important.

In the control example of FIG. 9, if the observer's pre-adaptation is different, the design of the appropriate illumination light 211 is different. Especially, immediately after the start of observation, the influence of the difference in preadaptation is large, and the optimum L _I is different. However, in general, even if the observer's adaptation state is different, the same adaptation state is reached if sufficient time is spent in the same environment, so the optimum value of L _R is the same regardless of the observer's pre-acclimation state.

FIG. 10 shows an example of the luminance characteristic of such illumination light 211. In FIG. 10, L1 and L2 are the brightness values of the light source 21, and L1A and L2A are curves connecting the minimum brightness Lmin of each cycle of the respective brightness. L1 and L2 have different luminances L1 _I and L2 _I at the time 0 when the observation is started, and then the luminance gradually decreases to the same luminance L _R at the time of completion of relaxation. Of course, L1 having high brightness at the start of relaxation is the illumination light corresponding to pre-adaptation in a brighter environment. In general, it takes a longer time from a state where the observer's eyes are adapted to a brighter environment to a state where the illumination light is finally adapted to the final luminance L _R. Therefore, in the case of L1 which starts at a higher brightness than that of L2, it is preferable that the period T1 until reaching L _R be longer than the period T2. However, this is not always necessary in the fifth embodiment. That is, if the brightness difference between L1 _I and L2 _I is small, the pre-acclimation period T1
Even if the pre-acclimation period T2 is set to be the same, no particular problem occurs.

As described above, it is possible to use the control of FIG. 9 as the dimming control of the illumination light 211 in the fifth embodiment. In this case, as an example of a method of coping with the difference in pre-adaptation of the observer 211, the luminance value L of FIG.
1, L2, the dimming signal generators 231a, 231b, 23 designed by changing the luminance L _I at the start of relaxation.
It is possible to provide 1c ... (Or 331a, 331b, 331c ...). As a result, it is possible to realize the illumination devices 2 and 3 that can cope with the difference in pre-adaptation of the observer. In this case, for example, when the operation unit 22 of FIG. 2B is used, when the button 221 is pressed, a larger luminance value L _I
The dimming signal generating device designed in
The luminance value L _{I of} 1 gradually increases. Also, the button 222
When is pressed, the luminance value L _I of the illumination light 211 is gradually reduced.

Here, the experiment for obtaining the time T in FIG. 9 will be described.

An exponential curve can be used as the luminance curve LA of Lmin in FIG. Generally, the brightness perceived by the observer of the illumination light is approximated by the logarithmic value of the brightness of the illumination light (eye illuminance when the eye is closed). Therefore, when the eye illuminance decreases exponentially when the eye is closed, The observer perceives that the illumination light is decreasing at a constant pace, that is, linearly.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram for obtaining the time T in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 11, when an exponential curve is used as LA, Lmin is L at fixed time intervals DT.
It changes like min, Lmin / 2, Lmin / 4. Therefore, this constant time DT causes Lmin
Can be expressed as how quickly it decreases. Therefore, an appropriate range of this constant time DT is obtained by this experiment.

The luminance value L _{I in} FIG. 9 and the fixed time DT were variously changed, and the observer was made to observe with the eyes closed. Before observing the illumination light, the observer made a pre-acclimation state so that the luminance value L _I of the illumination light to be observed has an appropriate illuminance. Lm for observer
When the decrease of in is too fast (DT is too small) and the illumination light is “intelligible” and when the decrease of Lmin is too slow (DT is too large) and the illumination light is “dazzling”, I made a declaration. The final brightness L _R is 0.5 l
It was fixed at x.

FIG. 12 shows the results of the experiment, (a) shows the proportion of observers when the illumination light is "hard to understand", and (b) shows the observer when the illumination light is "glare". Shows the ratio of. This experiment was conducted for various luminance values L _I , and FIG. 12 shows the average value of all the experiment results. Many observers did not say “difficult” or “dazzling” during the entire observation light observation, but declared “difficult” or “dazzling” during a certain period of the entire observation time. In this case, it was calculated using the ratio of the declared time to the total observation time. For example,
If an observer declares that it is “incomprehensible” for 50 seconds only with illumination light for a total observation time of 100 seconds, the data of this observer is 0.5 (= 50 seconds / 100 seconds) as “incomprehensible”. Calculated as if it had been declared.

As shown in FIG. 12 (a) and FIG. 12 (b), if the time DT used in the above experiment is within the range of DT (45 seconds ≦ DT ≦ 135 seconds), it is difficult to understand. The maximum percentage of observers is 25%, and the maximum percentage of observers who feel “dazzling” is about 12%. Therefore, within the range of this time DT, it is possible to always realize an appropriate eye illuminance.

In FIG. 12A, when the time DT is shorter than 65 seconds, the number of observers who feel "difficult to understand" increases, and when the time DT is shorter than 45 seconds, it becomes "difficult to understand". The number of observers increases extremely. On the contrary, if the constant time DT is 65 seconds or more, the proportion of the observers who feel “difficult to understand” is flat, and the dark adaptation that progresses during the observation of the illumination light by the observer is Lmin of the illumination light.
It is considered that the decrease in the amount of money has been sufficiently caught up. Therefore, it is preferable that the fixed time DT is 65 seconds or more.

Further, in FIG. 12 (b), a fixed time DT
Is greater than 115 seconds, more observers feel that the illumination light is “dazzling”. It is considered that this is because the decrease of Lmin of the illumination light is too slow as compared with the dark adaptation which the observer proceeds during the illumination light observation. Therefore, the fixed time D
T is preferably 115 seconds or less.

The time T shown in FIG. 9 can be obtained from the appropriate constant time DT obtained by the above experiment. Figure 9
In the case where the ratio of the luminance L _I at the start of the illumination light and the final luminance L _R is CL (= L _I / L _R ), CL, DT and T
The relationship with is (1/2) ^{T / DT} = 1 / CL, which is the same as T = DT × log ₂ (CL) seconds. Since the fixed time DT is 45 seconds or more and 135 seconds or less, 45 × log ₂ (CL) ≦ T ≦ 135 × log ₂ (CL). Preferably, the constant time DT is 65 seconds or more, 1
Since it is 15 seconds or less, 65 × log ₂ (CL) ≦ T ≦ 115 × log ₂ (CL).

Although the exponential function was used as LA in the experiment to find the time T in FIG. 9, LA in the present invention is not necessarily limited to the exponential function.
If this time T is appropriate, LA is considered to be an arbitrary monotonically decreasing curve. For example, LA may be decreased linearly.

In the second to fifth embodiments described above, the problem of the present invention is solved by providing the operation unit and the detection unit so that the reference luminance value can be operated. The following sixth and seventh embodiments according to the first embodiment
For even before acclimation period T _I fixed time are provided as (T _I fixed in FIG. 13), it is more preferable to pre-adaptation period T _I operable change. (Embodiment 6) In Embodiment 6, as a method of responding to the forward adaptation difference when the dimming control of the brightness characteristics of FIG. Without changing L _I , during the introduction period before observing illumination light and adjusting respiration,
This is a case where the first embodiment is applied in which a pre-adaptation period (adapting to the illumination light) T _I for accustoming the visual sense until the illumination light is sufficiently perceived is provided.

For example, in the sixth embodiment, a constant Lmin is set.
Period before adapting a dimming signal having a luminance period characteristics consisting of T _I
Is output to match the rhythm of breathing with the periodic change in the luminance of the light source, and after the pre-acclimation period T _{I has} elapsed,
with gradually decreasing in, the final constant Lmi
The brightness value L _{R of} n is converged to bring the observer into a relaxed state (rest state).

FIG. 13 is a luminance characteristic diagram of the sixth embodiment of the present invention in which the luminance value is periodically changed at a constant Lmin during the pre-acclimation period. Note that, here, a case will be described in which the first embodiment (FIGS. 1 and 3) in which the pre-acclimation period T _I is provided is applied.

In FIG. 13, L is the luminance characteristic of the light source 11, and LA indicated by the dotted line is a curve connecting the minimum luminance value Lmin of each period of the luminance characteristic. L in FIG. 13 is Lmi
Initially, the illumination light 111 having the luminance value L _I is output continuously for the time _{I I of the} pre-acclimation period. During this pre-adaptation period T _I , the observer 10 adapts his vision to the illumination light 111 whose Lmin is initially the brightness value L _I , and eliminates the difference in pre-adaptation. Of course, the illumination light 111 having a longer pre-acclimation period T _I corresponds to pre-acclimation in a brighter environment.

In the sixth embodiment, as the dimming signal generation unit 131 of FIG. 1, a dimming signal generation unit for performing dimming control for differentiating the pre-acclimation period T _I for accustoming the visual sense may be provided.
Of course, for the adaptation before no prior need to provide an adaptation period T _I, it is also possible to pre-adaptation period T _I "0" seconds. In this case, "0" seconds can be set as the pre-acclimation period T _I. For example, in the case of using the operation unit 12A of FIG. 2C, each time the button 122A is pressed, a larger pre-acclimation period T _I (for example, each time the button 122A is pressed increases by 5 seconds). The dimming signal designed in 1 is output, and the pre-acclimation period T _I becomes longer. Also, button 12
When 2B is pressed, a dimming signal designed with a smaller pre-adaptation period T _I (for example, each press is shortened by 5 seconds) is output, and the pre-adaptation period T _I is reduced. .

The case where the sixth embodiment is applied to the illumination device 1 of the first embodiment will be described in more detail with reference to FIG.

FIG. 14 is a diagram for explaining the luminance characteristics of FIG. 13 in detail.

As shown in FIG. 14, as the brightness characteristics of the relaxing light source 11, there is a pre-acclimation adjustment period which is a pre-acclimation period for accustoming the eyes to the extent that light can be sensed without dazzling, and periodic illumination light. A breathing adjustment period and a breathing transition period for matching breathing with the luminance change of 111 and a rest period in which the breathing is in a relaxed state in synchronization with the periodic luminance change of the illumination light 111 are sequentially provided. The dimming signal is designed to be

As described above, the dimming signal for realizing the luminance cycle characteristic of the light source 11 having the constant Lmin and Lmin is supplied to the dimming lighting device 1 during the pre-adaptation adjustment period.
32 to adapt the eye, and after the pre-adaptation adjustment period, gradually reduce the average brightness value from the brightness characteristic of a predetermined amplitude, and adjust the respiration to the brightness cycle of the illumination light 111 of the light source 11, This makes it easier to bring the observer 10 into a relaxed state (resting state).

Although not particularly described in the sixth embodiment, the luminance ratios C1 and C2 and the pre-adaptation adjustment period PT in the luminance characteristics of FIG. 14 are set in the following tenth embodiment. , 11 will be described later in detail.

Here, an experiment for obtaining the time T _{I in} FIG. 13 will be described.

An experiment for finding the time T _I (pre-acclimation period) in FIG. 13 was carried out when the eye illuminance converted (corresponding) to the brightness L _I was 1 lx and 0.5 lx. The experimental method is luminance L _I
This is the same as the case where the illuminance converted to is 2 lx. As a result, the time required for 50% of the observers to understand the change in the illumination light is 1 when the illuminance converted to the luminance L _I is 1.
It was about 30 to 35 seconds in the case of lx, and about 55 to 65 seconds in the case of the illuminance converted to the luminance L _I of 0.5 lx.

FIG. 15 collectively shows the experimental results, and is a diagram showing the relationship between the illuminance converted to the luminance L _I and the pre-acclimation period T _I. In FIG. 15, the horizontal axis represents the luminance L _I , the vertical axis represents the pre-acclimation period T _I , and the black diamonds represent the experimental results. As shown in FIG. 15, the relationship between the luminance L _I and the pre-adaptation period T _I can be approximated by the pre-adaptation period T _I = 30 / L _I. Therefore, the pre-acclimation period T in FIG.
_I may be a pre-acclimation period T _I ≧ 30 / L _I with respect to the luminance L _I. (Seventh Embodiment) In the sixth embodiment, the dimming signal (luminance characteristic) having a constant amplitude and a predetermined cycle is set to be output during the pre-adaptation adjustment period. This is a case where it is configured to output the dimming signal.

FIG. 16 is a luminance characteristic diagram of the seventh embodiment of the present invention which outputs a constant luminance during the pre-acclimation period. This will be described as a luminance characteristic of the light source 11 according to another waveform example of the dimming signal output from the dimming signal generating unit 131 in FIG.

[0112] As shown in FIG. 16, prior to acclimation period T since the _I observer 10 can not perceive a sufficient illumination light 111, the luminance value of the illumination light 111 during the previous adaptation period T _I L
Is a steady value (constant value) without periodical change as in the sixth embodiment.

LA is a curve connecting the minimum luminance Lmin of each luminance cycle. The observer 10 can adapt his vision during the T _I time when L is stationary, and can eliminate the difference in preadaptation.

In FIG. 15, the magnitude of the luminance L in the pre-adaptation period T _I is set to be the same as Lmax when the illumination light 111 starts the periodic change, but this is not always necessary, and T _I The magnitude of the luminance L over time may be the same as Lmin, or may be a luminance value of any other magnitude than this. Furthermore, it is not necessary to output a predetermined dimming signal (luminance characteristic) merely by providing the pre-adaptation period adjustment T _I. (Embodiment 8) In Embodiment 8, as an illumination control method for periodically changing the brightness of a light source, a minimum brightness per cycle of the light source is set to Lmin, and a plurality of dimming signals (or a plurality of dimming signal generations are generated. Device) n (n is a natural number) depends on n, and the brightness L _I n (n = 1, 2,
3 ...), the same luminance regardless of n and luminance L _I n at the start
Toward the final luminance L _R smaller than any of
Output so that n decreases gradually, and Dn (n is a natural number)
Is the pre-adaptation luminance, and (0.00025 × Dn + 0.2
5) × L _R ≦ L _I n ≦ (0.004 × Dn + 8) × L _R.

Of the experimental examples in this case, the experimental example 1 will be described first.

In the present invention, detailed and effective dimming signals can be obtained by conducting experiments. An experiment conducted by the inventors of the present invention and a result of the experiment regarding a method of dealing with the pre-adaptation difference (difference between L1 _I and L2 _I ) shown in FIG. 10 will be described.

FIG. 17 schematically shows an example of the experimental apparatus used. Here, description will be given by applying it to the second embodiment (see FIG. 3).

In FIG. 17, the control unit 23 controls the light source 21.
Of the light source 2 so that the brightness of the light emitting surface 21a of the
Control 1 By changing the value (brightness value) of the parameter set by the experimenter 20A in the control unit 23, the mode of the brightness cycle of the illumination light 211 from the light emitting surface 21a of the light source 21 can be changed. The observer 20 uses the light source 21
The illumination light 211 from is observed. Observer 2 from light source 21
The light-shielding plate that regulates the illumination light 211 reaching 0
Say. Further, the light emitting surface 21a is sufficiently large so that the eyelids are sufficiently uniformly irradiated with the diffused light when the eyes are closed.
By using the ND filter that reduces the distance between the light emitting surface 21a and the observer 20 and the wattage of the light source 21 and the light amount of the light source 21, the range from the maximum light amount to the minimum light amount observed by the observer 20 (number of illuminance is several). It is possible to examine all the light amounts of the illumination light 211 observed by the observer 20 under the experimental conditions when the general illumination device is used within a practical range by increasing the value from 1,000 lx to several lx) as much as possible. In addition, here, there is no other illumination light source as the light source, only the light source 21 for relaxation is used, and the surroundings at the time of observation are in a dark state. As the observer 20, a plurality of persons with normal vision and normal color vision were used.

The above is the experimental apparatus and experimental environment.
The experimental result differs depending on whether the observer 20 has the eyes open or eyes closed. Here, assuming that the eyes are closed, the observer 20 always observes the illumination light 211 with the eyes closed. Also,
As described above, the light amount of the illumination light 211 when the eyes are closed is accurately measured by the eye illuminance of the observer 20. Therefore, in the following, first, an appropriate eye illuminance of the observer 20 is examined by an experiment, and then the present invention Apply to valid designs.

First, as a first experiment, for the observer 20 who was sufficiently adapted to the illumination light 211, the illumination light 211 was closed with his eyes closed.
Experiments were conducted to see how perceptible the change in the brightness of the. The illumination light 211 used in the first experiment is illumination light with a constant luminance amplitude shown in FIG. In this case, Lmax and L
min represents the maximum brightness and the minimum brightness of one cycle of the light source 21, but in the following description, the maximum of one cycle of the illumination light 211,
It is also used to express the minimum eye illuminance. For example, "Lma
"x is 1lx" means that "the brightness Lmax is the brightness at which the illuminance of the eye surface of the observer becomes 1lx".

In the first experiment, the minimum luminance Lmin and the luminance ratio C (= Lmax / Lmin) of the maximum luminance Lmax with respect to this minimum luminance Lmin are variously changed and the observer 20 is changed.
We made them observe with their eyes closed and let them make a subjective evaluation. As described above, since the relative changes in the illuminance of the eye surface and the luminance of the light source 21 are the same, the luminance ratio C is the same as the illuminance ratio of the observer 20. For evaluation, the periodic change of the illumination light 211 is evaluated in four levels of “well understood”, “understood”, “hard to understand”, and “don't know”. A score of 1 was given to "hard to understand" and 0 to "don't know", and the average of all observers 20 was calculated. In addition, in the first experiment, the observer 20 received the minimum amount of the illumination light 211 for each cycle of the illumination light 211 (the light source 21).
When the brightness was judged to be Lmin), a response was made to confirm the validity of the subjective evaluation. Before observing the illuminating light 211, the observer 20 realized sufficient pre-acclimation with the illuminating light 211 to be evaluated by closing his eyes. The observer 20 used at least 8 persons or more for each illumination light 211.

FIG. 18 shows the result of the first experiment, (a)
Shows the case where the eye surface illuminance corresponding to the minimum luminance Lmin is 4 lx, and (b) shows the case where the eye surface illuminance corresponding to the minimum luminance Lmin is 0.5 lx. In FIG. 18, the horizontal axis represents the luminance ratio C (= eye surface illuminance ratio) on the logarithmic axis. The results were almost the same for both minimum luminances Lmin, and the same evaluation was made if the luminance ratio C was the same. Minimum brightness Lm
0.5l such as 1lx or 2lx of eye surface illuminance converted to in
Even when the value was set to an intermediate value between x and 4lx, the same experimental result as in FIGS. 18 (a) and 18 (b) was obtained. Therefore, it can be said that the luminosity ratio C determines the intelligibility of the periodic change of the illumination light whose ocular illuminance converted to the minimum luminance Lmin is at least 0.5 lx to 4 lx. For example, the evaluation is "understood" (+2) when the brightness ratio C is approximately 8 to 10 regardless of the minimum brightness Lmin. In addition, the observer 20 uses the light source 2
When the time when the brightness of 1 is declared to be the minimum and the time when the brightness of the light source 21 is actually the minimum are compared, when the subjective evaluation is “understand” (+2) or more, the difference is sufficiently small and subjective. The validity of various evaluations was confirmed.

Next, regarding the comfort of the illumination light 211,
The experiment was done. Using the experimental apparatus of FIG. 17, the illuminance ratio C and the minimum illuminance Lmin in one cycle were variously changed, and the observer 20
I asked him to choose whether the illumination light was "dazzling and unpleasant" or "not unpleasant".

FIG. 19 shows the experimental results for the eye luminances of 0.5 lx, 1 lx, 2 lx, and 4 lx corresponding to the minimum luminance Lmin, and the eye luminances of 0.5 lx, 1 lx, 2 lx, and 4 lx for the minimum luminance Lmin. It is a figure which shows the ratio of the observer who makes illumination light "not uncomfortable" with respect to the luminance ratio C at times. Here, the horizontal axis represents the luminance ratio C, and the vertical axis represents the proportion (%) of the observers who regard the illumination light 211 as “not uncomfortable”. Average observer 20 is vertical axis probability (%)
It can be considered that the illumination light 211 does not feel uncomfortable. As a matter of course, even if the luminance ratio C is the same, the probability that the illumination light 211 does not feel uncomfortable increases as Lmin decreases.

This experimental result can be applied to the control example of FIG. 9 in the present invention. That is, the luminance L _{R in} FIG.
It is necessary to realize an appropriate ocular illuminance that is perceptible and not uncomfortable when fully adapted to the illumination light, and this can be done by the experimental results shown in FIGS. 18 and 19. As the L _R and the luminance ratio C in FIG. 9, for example, if illumination light having a psychological probability of “not uncomfortable” of “understandable” (+2) or more and at least 50% or more is used in the evaluation of intelligibility, From the experimental results of 18 and FIG.
When L _R is set so that the illuminance on the eye surface of the observer 20 is changed from 0.5 lx to 2 lx, it can be realized by setting the luminance ratio C to 8 or more and 14 or less. In addition, 75% with a focus on comfort
If the above-mentioned "not uncomfortable" psychological probability is requested, L _R is set so that the illuminance of the eye surface of the observer 20 is from 0.5 lx to 2 lx and the brightness ratio C is 8 or less. The ratio C may be set to 8. Thus, the brightness ratio C
In but 8, if the L _R from 0.5lx so that the eye illuminance of 2LX, well perceptible in eyes closed, and uncomfortable observer can be realized not preferred illumination light be the majority.

Next, a third experiment on the luminance L _I of FIG. 9 was conducted. In FIG. 9, in order to set the luminance L _I at the beginning of the relaxed illumination, it is necessary to find the illumination light 211 according to various preadaptations. Therefore, the above-described experiment on the intelligibility and comfort of the illumination light 211 was repeated by changing the pre-adaptation of the observer 20. The procedure of this third experiment and its evaluation method are the same as the above-mentioned experimental results, but the observer 20 looks directly at the light source 21 of various brightness with the eyes open until immediately before the observation of the illumination light 211, and performs various pre-adaptation. After creating the condition, I made the observation and evaluation. However, in this third experiment, C was set to 30 times or less at the maximum as a practical range of the brightness ratio C. This is a range that can be sufficiently realized by a dimming lighting device currently on the market when an incandescent lamp is used as the light source 21.

In Table 1, 3000 cd / m as pre-acclimation
The results of evaluation of illumination light by an observer who has sufficiently adapted to the ^two light sources are shown. Here, the row represents Lmin and the column represents the luminance ratio C. The circles are "understandable" in the evaluation of intelligibility (+
2) As described above, the illumination light has a psychological probability of "not feeling uncomfortable" of 50% or more in the comfort evaluation. In addition, the double circle is illumination light for which the intelligibility is “understood” (+2) or more and the psychological probability of 75% or more is obtained in the comfort evaluation.
Similarly, in Table 2, the brightness of pre-adaptation is 1000 cd /
m ^2, Table 3 100cd / m ^2, Table 4 20 cd / m
These are the experimental results for each case of ² . Circles and double circles have the same meanings as in Table 1.

[0128]

[Table 1]

[Table 2]

[Table 3]

[Table 4] In these Tables 1 to 4, if the luminance ratio C is appropriate for each minimum luminance Lmin, that is, if the luminance ratio C with a circle is used, a large number of observers will feel enough perceptible and uncomfortable with the eyes closed. It is possible to realize the illumination light 211 with no light. Further, it can be realized in a realistic dimming control range where the luminance ratio C is 30 or less. Therefore, Lmin with a circle for any luminance ratio C is an appropriate Lmin for each pre-adaptation. In addition, Lmin with double circle
Is a more preferable Lmin because it is possible to realize illumination light having a psychological probability of 75% or more in the comfort evaluation.

FIG. 20 (a) also shows the range of the appropriate (luminous) minimum luminance Lmin shown in Tables 1 to 4 as the eye surface illuminance. Here, the horizontal axis represents the pre-adaptation luminance D (cd / m ² ) as a logarithmic value, and the vertical axis represents Lmi.
n (represented by illuminance 1x). The black triangle mark represents the upper limit value of the appropriate minimum luminance Lmin at each adaptation luminance, and the white triangle mark represents the lower limit value of the appropriate minimum luminance Lmin.

As shown in FIG. 20A, the upper limit of the appropriate range (black triangle mark) is approximately approximated by 0.002 × D + 4 1x, where the pre-adaptation luminance is D (cd / m ² ). Similarly, the lower limit (white triangle) is 0.0005 ×
It is approximated by D + 0.5 lx. Therefore, even for a general pre-adaptation luminance D for which direct experiments are not performed, FIG.
The hatched range in (a) is considered to be an appropriate Lmin. FIG. 20B shows that in Tables 1 to 4, the upper limit and the lower limit of the preferable minimum luminance Lmin range with double circles are indicated by black triangles. Even in this range, the upper limit (black triangle mark) is 0.002 × D + 2
lx and the lower limit (white triangle mark) are approximated by 0.001 × D + 1 lx. Therefore, for pre-adaptation luminance D, as shown in FIG.
The hatched range of 0 (b) is a more preferable minimum luminance Lmin.

From the above experimental results, the appropriate illuminating light 211 when measured by the illuminance on the eye surface of the observer 20 has been clarified. Therefore, the dimming signal generating section 231 (or the dimming signal generating device) that realizes this. 231a, 231b, 231c ...) may be set.

As described above, since the luminance value of the light source 21 and the illuminance on the ocular surface of the observer 20 have the same shape, the relative shape of the change in the luminance value of the light source 21 is used in the present invention. To be the same as the illuminance of the eye surface of the illuminating light that was clarified in the experiment. Further, it is necessary to make the illuminance on the eye surface of the observer 20 appropriate, but the illuminance depends on the distance to the light source 21 even under the same illumination, and generally cannot be completely set by the design of only the illumination device 2. . However, it is possible to design the illumination at that location at the expected normal distance. For example, the distance between the ceiling light source such as a ceiling light and the observer 20 lying on the floor is considered to be almost close to the distance (about 2.5 m) between the ceiling and floor of a general house. Therefore,
For example, assuming that the observer 20 is sleeping on the floor, it is possible to set the illuminance at that distance to a certain value, and this is commonly performed in ordinary lighting design.

From the results of this experiment, L _R is an illuminance of 2 lx
~ 0.5lx, L _I is assumed pre-adaptation luminance is D,
0.002 x D + 4lx to 0.0005 x D + 0.5l
x. Thus, L L _I is relatively maximum Nanoha against _R, L _R is 0.5lx, L _I is 0.002 × D + 4l
This is the case of x. The relative value of L _I to L _{R at} this time is (0.004 × D + 8) × L _R. This is a relative maximum value of L _I, L _I is (0.004 × D + 8) × L R
Below.

[0134] Similarly, L L _I from becoming relatively minimal for _R, L _R is 2LX, L _I is 0.005 × D +
This is the case of 0.5 lx. L _{I at} this time is (0.00
025 × D + 0.25) × L _R , which is a relative minimum, so L _I is (0.00025 × D + 0.2)
5) × L _R or more.

The [0135] above, L _I whereas L _R, (number 1) (0.00025 × D + 0.25 ) × L R ≦ L I ≦ (0.
It must be 004 × D + 8) × L _R. In addition to this, the dimming control method of FIG. 9 is always L _R <L _I. FIG. 21 shows the relationship (range) between the pre-adaptation luminance D and L _I satisfying this condition. The vertical axis of FIG. 21 is L _I , the horizontal axis is the pre-adaptation luminance D, and the relative value of an appropriate L _I with respect to L _R is shown by the hatched area. If the luminance L _R is set according to the form of the lighting device and the assumed distance between the observer and the light source after satisfying this condition, the illumination light of the lighting device of the present invention has an appropriate eye surface illuminance. To realize.

The brightness L at the beginning of the relaxing lighting
A more preferred range of _I in illuminance 0.002 × D + 2lx
Hereinafter, since 0.001 × D + 1lx or more, in the same manner as above, L _I is (0.004 × D + 4) × L _R or less,
(0.0005 × D + 0.5) × L _R or more. If this condition is satisfied, more preferable illumination light can be obtained.

FIG. 22 shows a more specific design of the present invention.
This is a typical example. As in the luminance waveform example of FIG.
5000 cd / m as luminance D²Dimming signal assuming
With the generator (n = 1) and the luminance waveform example of FIG.
Sea urchin pre-adaptation luminance D as 20 cd / m²Dimming assuming
Two dimming signal generators of signal generator (n = 2) are installed.
This is the case with a girder. L1_I, L2_IIs the pre-adaptation brightness D of the light source
It represents. From the above (Equation 1), each L_IIs 1.
5 x L_R≤L1_I≤ 28 x L_R, L_R≤L2_I≦ 8 × L _RAnd
It In this dimming control, in addition to this, L2_I≤L1_IAnd
It

Although not particularly described in the eighth embodiment, when, for example, the dimming signal generator 331a is selected using the detector 32, the main illumination of the room enters the field of view of the observer 30. It is also possible to consider that the luminance of the main illumination is the pre-adaptation luminance D on the assumption that it is present. Generally, the field of view of the observer 30 may be assumed and the brightness within the field of view may be considered. (Ninth Embodiment) In the ninth embodiment, the minimum luminance per cycle of the illumination light from the light source is Lmin, and the dimming signal for controlling the light source is Lmin during the pre-acclimation period T _{I which} varies depending on the observer. The same luminance L _I is set, and the pre-acclimation period T _I is set to 15 seconds or more and 100 seconds or less.
The detailed design can also be performed by this experiment for the example of the method for dealing with the pre-adaptation difference shown in FIG. 3, FIG. 14 and FIG. Experiments performed by the inventors of the present invention, the results of the waveform examples of FIGS. 13 and 16, and setting examples of the parameters will be described.

In the luminance waveform examples of FIGS. 13 and 16, L _I
Has a constant average luminance value regardless of preadaptation, and LA is L _I
The time T _I taking varies according to the preadaptation. Therefore, an experiment was conducted to find out this pre-acclimation period T _I. As the experimental device, the observer assumed closed eyes, as in the device shown in FIG.

In this experiment, the eye illuminance corresponding to the minimum luminance Lmin of the illumination light was set to 2 lx. This minimum brightness Lmi
n is the minimum luminance Lmin that is considered to be preferable in all pre-adaptation states of 1000 cd / m ² or less, and is a value representing the appropriate luminance L _I at the start. The brightness ratio C is 15
Doubled The luminance ratio C is such that when the minimum luminance Lmin is the converted eye surface illuminance 2lx, the pre-adaptation luminance is 1000 cd / m.
It is a typical one that realizes particularly preferable illumination light at ² , 100 cd / m ² .

For example, when applied to the third embodiment, the observer 30 uses 7,000 cd / m ² or 30 as pre-adaptation.
After sufficiently preadapting to the light source 31 of 00 cd / m ² , the illumination light 311 was observed. Immediately after the start of observation, all the observers 30 could not perceive the illumination light 311. However, after the elapse of a certain time (after the pre-acclimation period), the illumination light 31
The change in the light intensity of 1 is now known. In this experiment, the observer 30 made a report to the experimenter when the change in the light quantity of the illumination light 311 became perceptible, and the experimenter measured the time required from the start of observation (pre-acclimation period).

FIG. 23 shows the result of the experiment. Here, the horizontal axis is the elapsed time immediately after the start of the observation, and the vertical axis is the ratio of the observers 30 who "know the change" of the illumination light 311 at that time. In FIG. 23, the solid line indicates that the pre-adaptation luminance is 3000 cd / m ² , and the dotted line indicates that the pre-adaptation luminance is 700.
This is the case of 0 cd / m ² . As shown in FIG. 23, 100 seconds after the start of observation in any of the pre-adaptation,
All observers 30 became aware of the change in illumination light 311 (100%). Also, the pre-adaptation luminance is 30
15 seconds at 00 cd / m ² , pre-adaptation luminance of 7000 cd
At 20 msec / m ² , 50% of the observers 30 can see the change of the illumination light 311.

Based on the experimental results shown in FIG.
3 and the example waveforms of FIG. 16 can be designed. First, from FIG. 23, it is sufficient that the minimum luminance Lmin immediately after the start is L _I, which is 100 seconds as the pre-acclimation period.

Generally, when the minimum luminance Lmin is L _I , that is, T _I in FIGS. 13 and 16 is too short, many observers cannot perceive sufficiently. However, if it is too long, it is unsuitable for an observer who is already perceptible. Therefore, if the time when just 50% of the observers can perceive it is considered to be an appropriate length, the pre-acclimation period of 15 to 20 seconds is appropriate. Therefore, the pre-acclimation period PT is preferably 15 seconds or more and 100 seconds or less (15 ≦ PT ≦ 100 in FIG. 14). Further, preferably, the pre-acclimation period PT is 20 seconds or more 1
00 seconds or less is preferable.

Pre-acclimation period PT is 15 seconds or more 100
The second or less is an appropriate range when the minimum luminance Lmin is 2 lx. Generally, as described above, the pre-acclimation period P
T (T _I ) ≧ 30 / luminance L _I.

Since the distance from the illuminating device is often adjusted by the observer, the minimum luminance Lmin observed by the observer varies even with the same illuminating device in practice. 1000c, which is thought to account for the majority of pre-adaptation
In a wide range of pre-adaptation of d / m ² or less, as a result of experiments, it is considered that 2lx is particularly preferable as the minimum luminance Lmin. Therefore, many observers find that the minimum luminance Lmin
Since it is possible to use the illuminating device of the present invention so that the pre-acclimation period PT is the minimum luminance L.
A suitable value when min is 2 lx, that is, the pre-acclimation period PT is preferably 15 seconds or more and 100 seconds or less.

FIG. 24 shows a concrete design example of the waveform example of FIG. 13, and FIG. 25 shows a concrete design example of the waveform example of FIG. In order to obtain the waveforms of FIGS. 24A and 25A, a dimming signal generation unit (n = 1) assuming 3000 cd / m ² as the pre-adaptation luminance value, and FIGS. In order to obtain the waveform of (b), the dimming signal generator (n = ²⁰ ) assuming that the pre-adaptation luminance value is 20 cd / m ^2.
Two dimming signal generators (2) and 2) are provided. Figure 24
25A and FIG. 25A show a dimming signal generator (n = 1).
Is the dimming control of the illumination light, and L1 represents the brightness of the light source. Further, FIGS. 24B and 25B show dimming control of illumination light in the dimming signal generation unit (n = 2), and L
2 represents the brightness of the light source.

In the ninth embodiment, 15 seconds to 100 seconds.
Although the fixed pre-acclimation period T _I is set and provided between seconds, it is more preferable that the pre-acclimation period T _I can be variably operated between 15 seconds and 100 seconds.

(Embodiment 10) In Embodiment 10, the minimum luminance Lm per cycle of the light emitting surface of the light source in the pre-acclimation period (corresponding to the introduction period) in Embodiments 1 to 9 above.
Brightness ratio C1 (= Lmax1 / of maximum brightness to in1)
Lmin1) is a case where the dimming signal is generated so as to be substantially constant in the range of 10 <C1 ≦ 100.

26 to 28 show experimental results of the tenth embodiment. Lmin is 4lx, 2lx, 1lx, 0.5
There was no difference in the results for the four types of lx, so Lmi
Experimental results when n is 4 lx are shown in FIGS.
It is shown in (a), and the experimental result when Lmin is 0.5 lx is shown in FIGS. 26 (b) to 28 (b). Hereinafter, they will be sequentially described.

26 (a) and 26 (b) show the difference DT.
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an experimental result regarding a luminance ratio of certification light. 26A and 26B, the horizontal axis represents the luminance ratio C2 (= Lmax2 / Lmin2) on the logarithmic axis and the vertical axis represents the difference DT (seconds). The black squares are the experimental results when the brightness of the illumination light is maximum, and are shown in FIGS.
From (b), as the luminance ratio C increases, the difference DT monotonously decreases in both the maximum and minimum cases. It can be seen that the difference DT becomes substantially constant when the luminance ratio C2 becomes 4 or more in the minimum case. Further, in the maximum case, when the luminance ratio C2 is 6 or more, an inflection point of the difference DT is seen, and it can be seen that it gradually becomes constant. Therefore, when the luminance ratio C2 is 6 or more,
The discrimination time is constant when the brightness of the illumination light becomes maximum and minimum when the observer with his eyes closed.

FIGS. 27 (a) and 27 (b) are graphs showing experimental results regarding the response rate (percentage) and the luminance ratio of the illumination light. 27A and 27B, the horizontal axis represents the luminance ratio on a logarithmic axis and the vertical axis represents the response rate (percentage). The black square marks are the experimental results when the brightness of the illumination light is maximum, and the black diamond marks are the experimental results when the brightness of the illumination light is minimum. 27 (a) and 27 (b)
From the results, it was found that when the luminance ratio C is 4 or more, the response rate R becomes constant at about 90% in both the maximum and minimum cases.

From the experimental results shown in FIGS. 26 and 27, when the luminance ratio C is 6 or more, the observer can discriminate the maximum and minimum of the illumination light and the luminance even when the eyes are closed, and the response rate is also high. Since it is 90% or more, it is clear that an observer with the eyes closed can synchronize the respiration with the change in the brightness of the illumination light. From the above, the relaxation period (Fig. 1
4 corresponding to the rest period), the luminance ratio C2 of the maximum luminance Lmax2 to the minimum luminance Lmin2 per cycle.
(= Lmax2 / Lmin2) needs to satisfy 6 ≦ C2.

Next, the results of examining the minimum luminance ratio during the introduction period will be shown. In designing a constant value C1 during the introduction period, it is important that an observer with his eyes closed can easily adjust his breath to changes in the brightness of the illumination light. Eight observers were asked to observe the illumination light 50 from the light source 10 with their eyes closed, and the evaluation item of "whether the observer who closed his eyes can easily understand the change in the luminance of the illumination light" I had a subjective evaluation of. The evaluation items were evaluated in four levels: "well understood", "understood", "difficult", and "not sure". +3, + in order for each evaluation
Points of 2, +1 and 0 were given, and the score of each evaluation item was the average value of the scores evaluated by 8 observers. The fact that the score of the evaluation item is 2 or more is equivalent to that the observer evaluates as "understandable" when the psychological probability is 50% or more. The illumination condition when the score of the evaluation item is 2 or more is defined as "illumination condition in which the change in the luminance of the illumination light can be seen in the closed state".

FIGS. 28 (a) and 28 (b) are diagrams showing the results of the subjective evaluation of the observer regarding "whether the observer with the eyes closed can easily understand the change in the luminance of the illumination light". .
28A and 28B, the horizontal axis represents the luminance ratio C1 on a logarithmic axis, and the vertical axis represents the subjective evaluation by points. As is apparent from FIGS. 28A and 28B, the luminance ratio C1 is 10 and the subjective evaluation is +2 or more.
Therefore, it was found that when the brightness ratio C1 was larger than 10, an observer who closed his eyes evaluated that the change in the brightness of the illumination light was easy to understand. From the above, during the introduction period, the luminance ratio C1 (= Lmax1 / Lmin of the maximum luminance Lmax1 to the minimum luminance Lmin1 per cycle).
In 1), it is necessary to satisfy 10 <C1.

Furthermore, the introduction period (corresponding to the pre-acclimation period),
In the relaxation period (corresponding to the rest period), in order to improve the relaxation of the observer, it is necessary to eliminate the discomfort given to the observer.

Under the experimental environment shown in FIG. 17, the luminance ratio C (Lma
An experiment for obtaining the upper limit value of x / Lmin) was performed. Each of the eight observers was asked to observe the illumination light 70 from the light source 10 while changing the luminance ratio C within a predetermined range, and answered the upper limit of the luminance ratio C that does not cause discomfort.

FIG. 29 shows an experimental result for obtaining the upper limit value of the luminance ratio C that does not cause discomfort. In FIG. 29, the horizontal axis shows the luminance ratio C on a logarithmic axis, and the vertical axis shows the probability that the observer "does not feel uncomfortable". The experimental apparatus shown in FIG. 14 was used as the experimental apparatus. The experimental conditions were the same, and they were asked to choose between "no discomfort" and "discomfort" with respect to the perceived perception of a wide range of ocular illuminance and ocular illuminance ratio. The test subjects are 7 people with normal vision and normal color vision. For each condition, the percentage of the number of people who answered "I do not feel uncomfortable" was calculated, and it was established as "I do not feel uncomfortable". That is, for example, if four people answered "I do not feel uncomfortable", (4 /
7) × 100 = 57%. From FIG. 29, even if the brightness ratio C was increased, the observer who closed his eyes until the brightness ratio C was 15 was “no discomfort” at 100%. When the brightness ratio C exceeds 15, the probability that an observer with closed eyes “does not feel uncomfortable” monotonously decreases. Luminance ratio C is 3
The probability that an observer who closes his eyes at 0 will not feel "discomfort" is 75.
Become a percentage. Further, the probability that an observer who closed his eyes with a luminance ratio C of 50 would not feel "discomfort" would be less than 60%, and an observer who closed his eyes would have a probability that he would not feel any discomfort with a luminance ratio C of 100. Is found to be 50 percent. Therefore, the introduction period (corresponding to the pre-acclimation period),
For both the relaxation period (corresponding to the rest period in FIG. 14), C ≦
In the case of 100, it can be seen that the probability that an observer with his eyes closed "does not feel uncomfortable" is 50% or more.

From the above, the upper limits of the constant luminance ratio C1 during the introduction period and the constant luminance ratio C2 during the relaxing period are C1 ≦ 100 and C, respectively.
It is necessary to design so as to satisfy 2 ≦ 100. Therefore, the luminance ratio C during the introduction period (corresponding to the pre-acclimation period)
1 is 10 <C1 ≦ 100, and the luminance ratio C2 in the relaxation period (corresponding to the rest period in FIG. 14) is 6 ≦ C.
It is necessary to design so as to satisfy 2 ≦ 100.

Since the probability that an observer who has a luminance ratio C of 50 and has his eyes closed "does not feel uncomfortable" is 60%, in order to prevent more people from feeling uncomfortable, a certain luminance ratio C1 during the introduction period is used. Also, the respective upper limit values of the constant luminance ratio C2 in the relaxation period are C1 ≦ 50 and C2, respectively.
It is preferably designed to satisfy ≦ 50. Therefore, the luminance ratio C1 in the introduction period is 10 <C1 ≦
50, and the luminance ratio C2 during the relaxation period is 6
It is preferably designed to satisfy ≦ C2 ≦ 50.

Further, the probability that an observer who closed his eyes with a luminance ratio C of 30 "does not feel uncomfortable" is 75%. Therefore, in order not to cause discomfort to more people, a certain luminance during the introduction period. The upper limit values of the ratio C1 and the constant luminance ratio C2 in the relaxation period are C1 ≦ 3, respectively.
It is preferably designed so as to satisfy 0 and C2 ≦ 30. Therefore, the luminance ratio C1 during the introduction period is 10
<C1 ≦ 30, and the luminance ratio C in the relaxation period
2 is preferably designed to satisfy 6 ≦ C2 ≦ 30.

Further, since the probability that an observer who closed his eyes with a brightness ratio C of 15 "does not feel uncomfortable" is 100%, in order to prevent more people from feeling uncomfortable, a certain brightness during the introduction period. The upper limit values of the ratio C1 and the constant luminance ratio C2 in the relaxation period are respectively C1.
More preferably, it is designed to satisfy ≦ 15 and C2 ≦ 15. Therefore, the luminance ratio C1 in the introduction period
Is preferably 10 <C1 ≦ 15, and the luminance ratio C2 in the relaxation period is preferably designed to satisfy 6 ≦ C2 ≦ 15.

(Embodiment 11) In Embodiment 11, when it is desired to use the illumination device with the eyes closed (the above Embodiment 1)
0) and the case where the user wants to use the illuminating device with his eyes open, either of two cases can be selected.

FIG. 30 shows a first embodiment of a lighting device of the present invention.
2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the main part of FIG.

In FIG. 30, the relaxing lighting device 4 is used.
Is a light source 41, an operation unit 42 as an operation input unit that allows an observer to input and set an arbitrary reference brightness value (for example, an average brightness value) of the light source 41, and a set brightness set and input from the operation unit 42. And a control unit 43 that periodically controls the luminance value of the light source 41 by changing the reference luminance value (average luminance value) of the light emitting surface of the light source 41 based on the value. This configuration is similar to the configuration of the second embodiment, except that the operation unit 42 controls the case where the user wants to use the lighting device with his eyes closed and the case where he wants to use the lighting device with his eyes open. The point is that it can be selected in the section 43.

The control section 43 includes a dimming signal generating section 431 for generating a predetermined dimming signal based on the brightness value set by the operating section 42, and a dimming signal generated by the dimming signal generating section 431. The dimming lighting device 432 that changes the reference luminance value (for example, the average luminance value) of the light source 41 according to the above and periodically controls the luminance value.

The dimming signal generating section 431 generates a first dimming signal generating section 431a for closing the eye and a second dimming signal generating section 431b for opening the eye, and outputs a predetermined dimming signal based on the set brightness value. In addition to the function of generating, it has a switching control unit 431A having a function of selecting one of eye closing and eye opening based on an input operation.

The first dimming signal generator 431a and the second
The dimming signal generator 431b divides the periodic lighting period into at least two parts in the order of an introduction period (corresponding to the pre-acclimation period) and a relaxation period (corresponding to the rest period in FIG. 14), and at a certain time T, The minimum luminance L per one cycle that is dimmed by the dimming signal from the first dimming signal generator 431a.
Luminance ratio CT of maximum luminance LmaxT1 with respect to minT1
When 1 (= LminT1 / LmaxT1), the second
The brightness ratio CT2 (= LminT2 // of the maximum brightness LmaxT2 to the minimum brightness LminT2 per cycle that is dimmed by the dimming signal from the dimming signal generation unit 431b.
LmaxT2) is controlled to be larger than the brightness ratio CT1.

Here, the brightness ratio CT1 is 10 <CT1 ≦ 100 in the introduction period (corresponding to the pre-acclimation period) and 6 in the relaxation period (corresponding to the rest period in FIG. 14), as in the tenth embodiment. It is necessary to design so as to satisfy ≦ CT1 ≦ 100. Also, preferably, 10 <CT1 ≦ 50 during the introduction period and 6 ≦ C during the relaxation period.
T1 ≦ 50. More preferably, the introduction period is 1
0 <CT1 ≦ 30, 6 ≦ CT1 ≦ 3 during the relaxation period
It is 0.

On the other hand, the observer can easily adjust the breathing rhythm according to the change in the brightness of the illumination light developed under the condition that the observer directly observes the illumination light, and the observer can easily relax. Control of the illumination, that is, the dimming signal generated by the second dimming signal generation unit 431b for closing the eyes is the brightness ratio CT2 in the introduction period generated by the second dimming signal generation unit for opening 431b. Is 6 ≦ CT2 <1
0, the luminance ratio CT2 in the relaxation period (rest period) generated from the second dimming signal generation unit 431b is 3 ≦.
It is preferably designed to satisfy CT2 <5.
The details will be described below.

First, the grounds for limiting the numerical values in the luminance ratio CT2 of the introduction period (corresponding to the pre-acclimation period) will be described. Under the experimental environment of FIG. 17, a luminance ratio CT2 (= Lmax / Lm that does not make an observer directly observing a light source feel uncomfortable
in) was performed. Note that Lmax
Is the maximum brightness per cycle of the light emitting surface of the light source, and Lm
in indicates the minimum brightness per cycle of the light emitting surface of the light source,
CT2 = Lmax / Lmin.

Luminance ratio CT2 was calculated for each of the eight observers.
Was observed within a predetermined range and the illumination light from the light source was observed, and the upper limit of the brightness ratio CT2 that does not cause discomfort was replied. Repeat the same experiment 3 times for one observer, 3
The average value of the three answers obtained in the experiment was used as the answer of the observer.

FIG. 31 shows the experimental result. In FIG. 31, the horizontal axis represents the luminance ratio CT2, and the vertical axis represents the probability that the observer "does not feel uncomfortable" during the pre-acclimation period. The probability that an observer is "not uncomfortable" is {("not uncomfortable".
The number of observers who answered “/ (the number of all observers)} × 100
Calculated by percentage. For example, when 4 out of 8 observers reply "I do not feel uncomfortable", the probability that the observer "does not feel uncomfortable" is 50%.

From FIG. 31, when the brightness ratio CT2 is 6, the probability that the observer "does not feel uncomfortable" is 100% (that is, no observer feels uncomfortable), and the brightness ratio CT2 , The probability that the observer "does not feel uncomfortable" monotonically decreases, and the brightness ratio CT2 is 10
When the above is reached, the probability that the observer "does not feel uncomfortable" is 50.
It turns out that it will be less than the percentage. Therefore, FIG.
From this, it is understood that when 6 ≦ CT2 <10, the probability that the observer “does not feel uncomfortable” is 50% or more.

From the above, it is preferable that the luminance ratio CT2 in the introduction period (corresponding to the pre-acclimation period) is designed so as to satisfy 6 ≦ CT2 <10.

Next, the grounds for limiting the numerical value of the luminance ratio CT2 in the relaxation period (corresponding to the rest period in FIG. 14) will be described. Under the experimental environment shown in FIG. 17, the brightness ratio CT2 that does not make an observer directly observing the light source feel uncomfortable
An experiment was conducted to find the upper limit of (= Lmax / Lmin). However, in this experiment, it became possible for the observer to adjust the respiration in a semi-conscious state when the light intensity of the illumination light was lower than the light intensity of the illumination light during the introduction period and the change in the light intensity of the illumination light. Made in the state.

Luminance ratio CT2 was calculated for each of the eight observers.
Was observed within a predetermined range and the illumination light from the light source was observed, and the upper limit of the brightness ratio CT2 that does not cause discomfort was replied. Repeat the same experiment 3 times for one observer, 3
The average value of the three answers obtained in the experiment was used as the answer of the observer.

FIG. 32 shows the experimental result. In FIG. 32, the horizontal axis represents the brightness ratio CT2, and the vertical axis represents the probability (percentage) that the observer "does not feel uncomfortable" during the rest period.

From FIG. 32, as the brightness ratio CT2 increases, the probability that the observer "does not feel uncomfortable" monotonously decreases, and when the brightness ratio CT2 exceeds 5, the probability that the observer "does not feel uncomfortable" is high. Is less than 50 percent.
Therefore, from FIG. 32, it is understood that the probability that the observer “does not feel uncomfortable” is 50% or more when CT2 ≦ 5.

From the above, the constant luminance ratio CT2 during the relaxation period (corresponding to the rest period) is CT2.
It is preferably designed to satisfy ≦ 5.

Further, under the experimental environment shown in FIG. 17, the brightness ratio CT2 (= Lm) with which the observer can synchronize respiration.
An experiment was performed to find the lower limit of (ax / Lmin).

We asked each of the 5 observers to respond when they felt that the amount of illumination light was maximum, and the observer responded time and the amount of illumination light was physically maximum. By measuring the difference with time, we decided to find the lower limit of the brightness ratio that allows adjustment of breathing. The same experiment was repeated 5 times for one observer.
The average value of the two measurement results was used as the measurement result of the observer.

The experimenter set the luminance ratio of the light source. The observer pressed the button at the moment when he felt that the amount of illumination light was maximum. The time TS at which the button was pressed was recorded. In addition, the light quantity of the illumination light was measured, and the time TL at which the measured light quantity was maximum was recorded. The difference is DT = | TS
Calculated by -TL |.

Here, the meaning of TS and DT will be described. The observer observes the amount of illumination light and adjusts respiration according to the observation result. Therefore, it is considered that the time TS indicating the moment when the observer feels that the amount of illumination light is maximum is almost the same as the time when the observer starts to exhale. Therefore, DT is considered to be the difference between the time at which the observer begins to exhale and the time TL at which the amount of illumination light is maximum. Therefore, the smaller the DT, the smaller the difference between the time TL at which the observer starts to exhale and the time TL at which the light amount of the illumination light becomes maximum, and thus the change in the light amount of the illumination light and the breathing of the observer are synchronized. it seems to do.

FIG. 33 shows the experimental result. In FIG. 33, the horizontal axis represents the luminance ratio CT2 and the vertical axis represents the difference D.
T (second) is shown. From FIG. 33, as the luminance ratio CT2 increases, the difference DT monotonically decreases, and the luminance ratio CT2
It can be seen that the difference DT becomes constant at about 0.3 when is 3 or more. That is, when the brightness ratio CT2 is 3 or more, the observer has a constant determination time when the amount of illumination light is maximum. From this, it is clear that when the brightness ratio CT2 is 3 or more, the observer can determine when the light amount of the illumination light is maximum.

From the above, the constant luminance ratio CT2 during the relaxing period (corresponding to the rest period) is 3 ≦ C.
It is preferably designed to satisfy T2.

From the experimental results shown in FIG. 32 and FIG. 33, it is preferable that the constant luminance ratio CT2 in the relaxing period (corresponding to the rest period) is designed to satisfy 3 ≦ CT2 ≦ 5. (Embodiment 12) FIG. 34 is an eye-illuminance characteristic diagram of illumination light based on the luminance control method of Embodiment 12 of the present invention.

In FIG. 34, the pre-acclimation period is 24 seconds,
The subsequent 100 seconds is the respiratory adjustment period and the respiratory transition period, and the subsequent period is the relaxation period (rest period). This pre-acclimation period is 24 seconds, which is within the range of the appropriate pre-acclimation period shown in the present invention (15 seconds to 100 seconds). The minimum ocular illuminance at the start of breath adjustment (at the start of pre-adaptation adjustment period) is 2
lx, the ocular surface illuminance ratio is 15, and the minimum ocular surface illuminance is 1 lx and the ocular surface illuminance ratio is 15 in the illumination light in the relaxation period (rest period). This is within the range of the relationship between the appropriate LI and LR shown in the present invention and within the range of the appropriate luminance ratio described above. In addition, the minimum eye illuminance is 2 l
The time required to change from x to the minimum eye surface illuminance of 1 lx is about 100 seconds. This is also a suitable Lmi shown in the present invention.
It is within the range of how to appropriately reduce n.

The cycle of light and dark changes of the relaxing illumination light and one cycle of brightness changes are started from 6 seconds and gradually extended to finally be 8 seconds. This cycle can be more easily matched to the respiratory cycle.

With the illumination light of FIG. 34, the observer (8 persons) having low pre-adaptation (pre-adaptation luminance of 50 cd / m ² ) and the observer (8 persons) having high pre-adaptation (pre-adaptation luminance of 7,000 cd / m ² ). Man)
And made him observe and made breathing adjustment.

FIG. 35 (a) shows the result of subjective evaluation as to whether or not the person was "relaxed" by observing the illumination light.
5 (b) shows the result of measuring the heart rate of the observer. Here, the decrease in the heart rate of the observer means that the observer is physiologically relaxed. Also, FIG.
5 (a) and FIG. 35 (b), the same observer
The data of the observer when the eye is relaxed with the eyes closed under normal steady illumination (face illumination 21x) are also shown for comparison.

From FIG. 35 (a), it is evaluated that breathing adjustment can be relaxed more than relaxation under normal illumination (face illumination 2lx) even when the illumination light of FIG. 34 is used. Also, from FIG. 35 (b), it was confirmed that the observer's heart rate was decreased and physiologically relaxed by breathing adjustment using the illumination light of FIG. Note that FIG. 35 (b)
The decrease in heart rate was statistically significant, and the difference from normal lighting was clear. Also, a decrease in the heart rate of a person in a resting state by about several percent is a change that is considered to be remarkably relaxed in physiology.

Therefore, the relaxation effect due to the observation / breathing of the illumination light in FIG. 34 is large. Further, an observer with a high preadaptation was able to relax more than an observer with a low preadaptation, and it was confirmed that the illumination control in FIG. 34 can obtain a relaxation effect regardless of the preadaptation.

As described above, Embodiments 1 to 12 above
According to, according to the set value for the reference luminance value or the pre-acclimation period from the operation unit, or according to the detection value by the detection unit for the illumination environment, it is possible to perform pre-acclimation with an appropriate light amount from the light source and the pre-acclimation period It is possible to lead a person into a relaxed state more smoothly and easily for an observer having a different pre-acclimation state before the illumination light observation.

[0195]

As described above, according to the present invention, the pre-acclimation period for accommodating the eyes can be input and set, the reference brightness value of the light source can be set, and the brightness of the illumination environment other than the light source can be set. Since the value is detected and the reference brightness value of the light source is changed according to the detected brightness value, there is no glare on the light source at the start of relaxing lighting, and the cycle of the light source light is perceptible and relaxing enough. It is possible to obtain an appropriate amount of light that is extremely small, to enhance comfort and to easily lead to a relaxed state.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a main configuration of a lighting device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2A is a plan view showing a specific example of the operation unit of FIG. 1, FIG. 2B is the operation unit of FIG. 4, and FIG. 2C is a specific example of the operation unit of the sixth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a state in which an observer observes the illumination light from the illumination device of FIG. 1 (or FIG. 4) while lying on a bed.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a main configuration of a lighting device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a main configuration of a lighting device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a state in which an observer is observing the illumination light from the illumination device of FIG. 5 while lying on a bed.

FIG. 7 is a sectional structural view of a main lighting device schematically showing an example of a case where the lighting device of Embodiment 3 of the present invention is installed in a main lighting device in a room.

FIG. 8 is a luminance characteristic diagram of the fourth embodiment of the present invention in which the luminance value is periodically changed with a constant amplitude.

FIG. 9 is a brightness characteristic diagram of the fifth embodiment of the present invention in which the brightness is periodically changed and the average brightness value is gradually decreased.

FIG. 10 is a luminance characteristic diagram of the fifth embodiment of the present invention according to the observer's pre-adaptation difference.

11 is an explanatory diagram for obtaining a time T in FIG. 9. FIG.

FIG. 12A is a diagram showing a ratio of an observer to a constant time DT when the illumination light is “hard to understand”;
(B) is a figure which shows the ratio with respect to fixed time DT of an observer when illuminating light is "dazzling".

FIG. 13 is a luminance characteristic diagram of the sixth embodiment of the present invention in which the luminance value is periodically changed with a constant amplitude during the pre-adaptation period.

FIG. 14 is a diagram for explaining the luminance characteristic of FIG. 13 in more detail.

FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a relationship between a pre-acclimation period T _I and an illuminance converted into a luminance L _I.

FIG. 16 is a luminance characteristic diagram of the sixth embodiment of the present invention that outputs a constant luminance during a pre-acclimation period.

FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram showing an example of an experimental device used in the present invention.

FIG. 18 is a diagram showing a relationship of “easiness of understanding” with respect to a luminance ratio, (a) showing a case where the eye illuminance corresponding to the minimum luminance Lmin is 4 lx, and (b) showing the minimum luminance Lm.
It is a figure which shows the case where eye surface illuminance corresponding to in is 0.5 lx.

FIG. 19 shows an eye illuminance of 0.5 with respect to the minimum luminance Lmin.
It is a figure which shows the ratio of the observer who makes illumination light "not unpleasant" at the time of 1x, 1lx, 21x, and 41x with respect to the luminance ratio C.

FIG. 20 (a) is a diagram showing a range of an appropriate (circled) minimum luminance Lmin as eye surface illuminance described in Tables 1 to 4, and FIG. It is a figure which shows a preferable range.

21 is a diagram showing a relationship between the pre-adaptation luminance D and the luminance L _I that satisfies the condition of L _R <L _I in the dimming control of FIG. 9.

FIG. 22 is a diagram showing a more specific example of the design according to the present invention, in which (a) is a pre-adaptation luminance D of 5000 cd / m ^2.
Is a luminance characteristic diagram assuming, and (b) is a pre-adaptation luminance D of 2
FIG. 6 is a luminance characteristic diagram assuming 0 cd / m ² .

FIG. 23 is a diagram showing the relationship between the elapsed time immediately after the start of observation and the proportion of observers who "recognize a change" in illumination light based on the elapsed time.

FIG. 24 is a diagram showing a specific design example of the waveform example of FIG. 13, in which (a) is 3000 cd / m ² as a pre-adaptation luminance value.
Is a luminance characteristic diagram assuming that, (b) is a pre-adaptation luminance value of 2
FIG. 6 is a luminance characteristic diagram assuming 0 cd / m ² .

FIG. 25 is a diagram showing a specific design example of the waveform example of FIG. 16, in which (a) is 3000 cd / m ² as a pre-adaptation luminance value.
Is a luminance characteristic diagram assuming that, (b) is a pre-adaptation luminance value of 2
FIG. 6 is a luminance characteristic diagram assuming 0 cd / m ² .

26 (a) and 26 (b) are diagrams showing experimental results regarding the difference DT and the luminance ratio of the proof light.

FIG. 27 is a diagram showing experimental results regarding a response rate (percentage) and a luminance ratio of illumination light.

28 (a) and 28 (b) are diagrams showing the results of the subjective evaluation of the observer regarding "whether the observer with the eyes closed can easily understand the change in the luminance of the illumination light".

FIG. 29 is a diagram showing an experimental result for obtaining an upper limit value of the luminance ratio C that does not cause discomfort.

FIG. 30 is a block diagram showing a main configuration of an illuminating device according to an eleventh embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 31 is a diagram showing a relationship between the luminance ratio CT2 and the probability that the observer “does not feel uncomfortable” during the pre-adaptation period.

FIG. 32 is a diagram showing a relationship between a luminance ratio CT2 and a probability that an observer “does not feel discomfort” during a rest period.

FIG. 33 is a diagram showing the relationship between the brightness ratio CT2 and the determination time (difference DT) when the amount of illumination light is maximum.

FIG. 34 is an eye surface illuminance characteristic diagram of illumination light based on the brightness control method according to the twelfth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 35 (a) is a diagram showing the result of subjective evaluation as to whether or not the person was “relaxed” by illuminating light observation, and FIG. 35 (b) is
It is a figure which shows the result of having measured the heart rate of the observer with respect to the passage of time from the start of observation.

[Explanation of symbols]

1-4 lighting device 11,21,31,41 Light source 12,22,42 Operation part 13, 23, 33, 43 Control unit 131, 231, 331, 431 Dimming signal generator 132,232,332,432 Dimming lighting device 231A, 331A selection unit 231a, 231b ... Dimming signal generator 331a, 331b ... Dimmer signal generation device 32, 32A detector 431a First dimming signal generator 431b Second dimming signal generator 431A Switching control unit

   ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page    (72) Inventor Tadashi Yano             1006 Kadoma, Kadoma-shi, Osaka Matsushita Electric             Sangyo Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Kimi Noguchi             1048, Kadoma, Kadoma-shi, Osaka Matsushita Electric Works             Within the corporation (72) Inventor Manabu Inoue             1048, Kadoma, Kadoma-shi, Osaka Matsushita Electric Works             Within the corporation (72) Inventor Yayoi Iwai             1048, Kadoma, Kadoma-shi, Osaka Matsushita Electric Works             Within the corporation F term (reference) 3K073 AA11 AA59 AA60 AA63 AA65                       BA00 BA13 BA29 CC15 CF13                       CG04 CG06 CG15 CG16 CG18                       CH20 CM09

Claims (21)

[Claims] 1. A lighting device for periodically changing a brightness value of a light source to guide a person to a relaxed state, comprising a pre-acclimation period for acclimatizing an eye, and the pre-acclimation period at least after the acclimation period. An illumination device comprising: a control unit that periodically controls a brightness value of a light source. 2. In a lighting device for guiding a person to a relaxed state by periodically changing the brightness value of a light source, a first operation input capable of inputting a set value for a pre-acclimation period for accommodating the eyes. And a first control for setting the pre-acclimation period according to an input setting value from the first operation input unit and periodically controlling the luminance value of the light source after at least the pre-acclimation period has elapsed. And a lighting device. 3. A first dimming signal generator that outputs a predetermined dimming signal after at least a pre-acclimation period has elapsed, and the controller periodically changes the brightness value of the light source according to the dimming signal. And a first dimming control unit for controlling in accordance with claim 1.
Illumination device described. 4. A lighting device for guiding a person to a relaxed state by periodically changing the brightness value of a light source, a second operation input section capable of inputting a set value for a reference brightness value of the light source, An illumination device, comprising: a second control unit that sets a reference luminance value of the light source according to an input set value from the second operation input unit. 5. The second dimming signal generator, which outputs a predetermined dimming signal according to an input set value from the second operation input unit, and the dimming signal. The illumination device according to claim 4, further comprising a second dimming control unit that periodically controls the brightness value of the light source according to the above. 6. A lighting device for guiding a person to a relaxed state by periodically changing the brightness value of a light source, and a detection unit for detecting a brightness value of an illumination environment other than the light source or a value corresponding to the brightness value. And a third control unit that sets a reference brightness value of the light source according to a brightness value detected by the detection unit or a value corresponding to the brightness value. 7. The third control unit includes a third dimming signal generation unit that outputs a predetermined dimming signal according to the brightness value detected by the detection unit or a value corresponding to the brightness value. A third unit for periodically controlling the brightness value of the light source according to the dimming signal
7. The lighting device according to claim 6, further comprising: 8. The dimming signal generation unit selects a plurality of dimming signal generation devices and one of the plurality of dimming signal generation devices based on an input operation from the operation input unit. 1
The illumination device according to claim 3 or 5, further comprising: 9. The dimming signal generator includes a plurality of dimming signal generators, and a plurality of dimming signal generators according to the brightness value detected by the detector or a value corresponding to the brightness value. The lighting device according to claim 7, further comprising a second selection unit that selects one of them. 10. The dimming signal generation unit sets the minimum luminance per cycle of the illumination light from the light source to Lmin, and the plurality of dimming signals n (n) for controlling the luminance of the light source.
Is a natural number) from the brightness L _I n at the start of relaxation that varies depending on n, and the brightness L _R at the completion of relaxation that is the same regardless of n and is smaller than any of the brightness L _I n.
The lighting device according to claim 3, 5 or 7, wherein the Lmin is output so as to gradually decrease. 11. Dn (n is a natural number) as pre-adaptation luminance, and (0.00025 × Dn + 0.25) × L _R ≦ L _I n ≦
The lighting device according to claim 10, wherein (0.004 × Dn + 8) × L _R. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the dimming signal generating unit, and Lmin the minimum luminance per one period of the illumination light from the light source, the said minimum luminance Lmin, during the pre-adaptation period T _I, the same brightness L _I The lighting device according to claim 3, wherein the output is performed as follows. 13. The dimming signal generation unit sets a minimum luminance per cycle of illumination light from the light source to Lmin, and a plurality of dimming signals n for controlling luminance output from the light source.
4. Any one of (n is a natural number) is output such that the Lmin has the same luminance L _I regardless of n during a pre-adaptation period T _I n (n is a natural number) that varies depending on n. Alternatively, the lighting device according to the item 5 or 7. 14. The lighting device according to claim 12, wherein the T _I or T _I n (n is a natural number) is 15 seconds or more and 100 seconds or less. 15. The dimming signal generation unit, in the pre-adaptation period, a luminance ratio C1 (= Lmax) of a maximum luminance to a minimum luminance Lmin per one cycle of a light emitting surface of the light source.
The lighting device according to claim 12 or 13, wherein the dimming signal is generated such that / Lmin) is substantially constant in the range of 10 <C1 ≦ 100. 16. A lighting device for cyclically changing a brightness value of a light source to guide a person to a relaxed state, wherein a first operation input for enabling input of a set value for a pre-acclimation period for acclimatizing an eye. Section, a second operation input section capable of inputting a set value for the reference luminance value of the light source, and an input set value input from the first operation input section for a preset pre-acclimation period. In this case, the pre-acclimation period is reset according to the input set value, and the reference luminance value of the light source is set in accordance with the input set value from the second operation input unit during the pre-adaptation period. A lighting device including a fourth control unit that can be set. 17. A lighting device for guiding a person to a relaxed state by periodically changing the brightness value of a light source, wherein a first operation input for enabling input of a set value for a pre-acclimation period for accommodating the eyes. Section, a detection section for detecting a brightness value of an illumination environment other than the light source or a value corresponding to the brightness value, and an input set value from the first operation input section for a preset pre-acclimation period. When input, the pre-acclimation period is reset according to the input set value, and according to the brightness value detected by the detection unit or the value corresponding to the brightness value during the pre-adaptation period. A lighting device comprising: a fifth control unit capable of setting a reference luminance value of the light source. 18. A lighting control device for periodically controlling the brightness value of a light source to bring a person into a relaxed state, wherein a pre-acclimation period for acclimatizing the eyes is set, and at least after the pre-acclimation period has elapsed. A control unit for periodically controlling the brightness value of the light source is provided, wherein the control unit outputs a predetermined dimming signal to the dimming signal after outputting a predetermined dimming signal at least after the acclimation period. And a first dimming control unit that periodically controls the brightness value of the light source. 19. In a lighting control device for periodically controlling the brightness value of a light source to bring a person into a relaxed state, a set value for a pre-acclimation period for accommodating the eyes is input, and according to the input set value. A first control unit is provided that sets a pre-acclimation period and periodically controls the brightness value of the light source after at least the set pre-acclimation period has elapsed, and the first control unit is at least the pre-acclimation period has elapsed. An illumination control device that includes a first dimming signal generation unit that outputs a predetermined dimming signal later, and a first dimming control unit that periodically controls the brightness value of the light source according to the dimming signal. . 20. A lighting control device for periodically controlling a brightness value of a light source to bring a person into a relaxed state, wherein a set value for a reference brightness value of the light source is inputted, and the light source of the light source is inputted according to the input set value. A second control unit for setting a reference brightness value, the second control unit outputting a predetermined dimming signal according to the set reference brightness value; A lighting control device comprising: a second dimming control unit that periodically controls the brightness value of the light source according to a dimming signal. 21. In a lighting control device for periodically controlling a brightness value of a light source to bring a person into a relaxed state, a brightness value of an illumination environment other than the light source or a value corresponding to the brightness value is detected and detected. A third step of setting a reference brightness value of the light source according to the brightness value or a value corresponding to the brightness value.
And a third dimming signal generator that outputs a predetermined dimming signal according to the detected brightness value or a value corresponding to the brightness value. An illumination control device having a third dimming control unit for periodically controlling the brightness value of the light source according to a dimming signal.