TWI754831B - Lighting apparatus, lighting system and control method - Google Patents

Abstract

The lighting fixture 1 of this invention is provided with the light emitting part 30 which emits light, and the control part 20 which controls the output of light. In addition, the light-emitting portion 30 emits light with the first output in a predetermined lighting state. Furthermore, the control unit 20 has a first mode in which the output of the control light is reduced from a maximum output smaller than the first output to a minimum output smaller than the maximum output at least once during the first period. In addition, the first period is 2 seconds or more and 35 seconds or less. In addition, the minimum output is 5% or less of the first output.

Description

Lighting apparatus, lighting system and control method

The present disclosure relates to a lighting fixture, a lighting system and a control method.

Conventionally, there has been known a lighting fixture that changes the light emitted from the light-emitting portion. For example, the lighting fixture of Patent Document 1 includes a light-emitting portion and a control portion that controls the output of light on the light-emitting surface of the light-emitting portion to periodically change.

The control section controls the light-emitting section so that the output of light changes along a sine wave-like curve, so that the change per unit time at which the output of light becomes the vicinity of the maximum in one cycle is greater than the change in the range of the output of light in the vicinity of the minimum in one cycle per unit time. change per unit time.

It is easy to adjust the rhythm of people's breathing according to the change of the light quantity of the illumination light, and it is easy to relax people. [Prior Art Literature] [Patent Literature]

[Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Publication No. 3978334

[Problems to be Solved by Invention]

Therefore, according to the previous lighting apparatus, a person can adjust the breathing rhythm while recognizing the light whose output periodically changes with the naked eye, but does not feel sleepy. The reason is that the lighting state of the light for inducing drowsiness is not optimized in the previous lighting equipment, and the effect of inducing drowsiness cannot be produced.

The present disclosure provides a lighting fixture, a lighting system, and a control method that can produce an effect of inducing drowsiness in a short time by changing the output of light emitted from a light-emitting portion. [Technical means to solve problems]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, a lighting fixture of one aspect of the present disclosure includes: a light-emitting part that emits light; and a control part that controls the output of the light; and the light-emitting part emits the above-mentioned light with a first output in a predetermined lighting state light, the control unit has: a first mode in which the output of the light is controlled at least once during the first period from a maximum output smaller than the first output to a minimum output smaller than the maximum output; the first period It is 2 seconds or more and 35 seconds or less, and the above-mentioned minimum output is 5% or less of the first output.

Moreover, the lighting system of one aspect of this disclosure includes a plurality of lighting fixtures.

In addition, the control method of one aspect of the present disclosure emits light with a first output in a predetermined lighting state, and includes a first mode that controls the output of the light to be smaller than the first output at least once during the first period. The maximum output of the output is reduced to the minimum output smaller than the maximum output; the first period is 2 seconds or more and 35 seconds or less, and the minimum output is less than 5% of the first output. [Effect of invention]

According to the lighting apparatus and the like of the present disclosure, the effect of inducing drowsiness in a person can be produced in a short time by changing the output of the light emitted from the light-emitting portion.

(Insights on which the present invention is based) In the conventional lighting equipment, by periodically changing the output of the light emitted by the lighting equipment, a person can adjust the breathing rhythm while recognizing the light with the naked eye. However, in the conventional lighting equipment, the lighting state for inducing drowsiness is not optimized, and the effect of inducing drowsiness cannot be produced. In order to lead a healthy life, it is necessary to ensure sufficient sleep time, so we seek lighting equipment that can induce drowsiness. Therefore, the inventors and the like conducted voluntary research on the lighting state of the lighting apparatus having the effect of inducing drowsiness.

As a result, the inventors found that in order to induce drowsiness, it is necessary to reduce the output of the light emitted by the lighting fixture from the first output to a very small output (the first period of 2 seconds or more and 35 seconds or less) during the first period. less than 5% of the output).

Furthermore, the inventors and others have focused on causing drowsiness in a person due to a change in the pupil diameter of a person. Here, the change in the pupil aperture of a person when the output of the light emitted by the lighting fixture is alternately reduced and increased is measured, and the results are shown in FIG. 3 . In FIG. 3, graph A2 shows the change in pupil aperture of the subject, and graph A4 shows the change in the light output of the lighting fixture. As shown in Fig. 3a, when periodically changing light enters the human eye, it is determined that the pupil aperture of the graph A2 also changes in conjunction with the change of the light beam of the graph A4, that is, the light and dark of the light. Graph A2 is a state in which a person begins to feel sleepy. Also, as shown in FIG. 3b, the graph B2 for adjusting the breathing rhythm does not show the change in the size of the pupil diameter of the person, but in the graph B1 of the present disclosure, the pupil diameter of the person has a large change in expansion or contraction. Based on this situation, it is considered that drowsiness can be caused by changing the pupil aperture by changing the light output.

As an insight related to the above, the inventors and others found a non-patent literature supporting this result (Nishiyama et al., Assessment of Awake Status Using Pupil Change as an Index, Biomedical Optics, Vol. 46(2), 2008, pp. 212-217). In the non-patent literature, it is reported that when drowsiness occurs, the pupil diameter is repeatedly reduced or restored to the original size, and at the same time, the pupil is gradually contracted. Based on this situation, it is considered that drowsiness can be induced by periodically repeating the miosis and mydriasis of the pupil diameter to reduce its amplitude.

Therefore, the present disclosure provides a lighting fixture, a lighting system, and a control method that can produce the effect of inducing drowsiness in a short time by changing the output of the light emitted from the light-emitting portion.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings. The embodiments described below are all inclusive or specific examples. The numerical values, shapes, materials, constituent elements, arrangement positions and connection forms of constituent elements, steps, order of steps, etc. shown in the following embodiments are examples, and do not limit the gist of the present invention. In addition, among the structural requirements of the following embodiments, the structural requirements that are not described in the independent claims will be described as arbitrary structural requirements.

In addition, each drawing is a schematic drawing, and it is not necessarily strictly a drawing. In addition, in each figure, the same code|symbol is attached|subjected to the structure which is substantially the same, and the repeated description is abbreviate|omitted or simplified.

Hereinafter, the lighting fixture, the lighting system, and the control method according to the embodiment of the present disclosure will be described.

(Embodiment) [constitute] The configuration of the lighting fixture 1 according to the embodiment of the present disclosure will be described.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the lighting fixture 1 according to the first embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the lighting fixture 1 is a fixture capable of illuminating a lighting state in which the light emitted by the light-emitting portion 30 alternately repeats light and dark. The lighting fixture 1 is, for example, a ceiling lamp or the like, and is installed on a building material such as a ceiling.

The lighting fixture 1 includes a control unit 20 , a light-emitting unit 30 , an operation unit 40 , and a memory unit 50 .

The control part 20 controls the electric power supplied to the light emitting part 30 so that the output pulsation of the light emitted from the light emitting part 30 may repeat and change in magnitude alternately. Specifically, the control unit 20 has a drive circuit that controls the operation of the light-emitting unit 30 such as turning on, turning off, dimming, and coloring. The drive circuit supplies the pulsating power to the light-emitting portion 30 so that the light emitted by the light-emitting portion 30 repeats the light and dark.

The control unit 20 has a first mode in which the output of the light emitted by the light-emitting unit 30 becomes smaller than the first output (for example, a fully-lit state (an example of a predetermined lighting state) is performed at least once during the first period. The maximum output of the output) is reduced to a change of the minimum output; and the second mode is controlled to keep the light output of the light-emitting portion 30 constant, in other words, maintain the first output. The control unit 20 can switch between the first mode and the second mode. That is, the first mode and the second mode are mutually exclusive selected. In the present embodiment, the case where the first output is when the light-emitting portion 30 is fully lit (lighted with an output of 100%) is exemplified, but it is not limited to this, and the case where the first output is lower than the output when the light-emitting portion 30 is fully lit is also included. The output is lit. For example, the first output is 80% of the output when the light-emitting portion 30 is fully lit, but it is not limited to 80%, and may be arbitrarily changed.

The control unit 20 performs the following control: in the first mode, the action of reducing or expanding the output of the light emitted from the light emitting unit 30 is alternately repeated, that is, the brightness and darkness of the light emitted from the light emitting unit 30 are alternately repeated. This state is shown in Figure 2A. FIG. 2A is a graph showing the relationship between the current value applied to the light-emitting portion 30 of Embodiment 1 and the elapsed time.

In this way, if the second mode in which the light-emitting portion 30 is fully lit is switched to the first mode, the light emitted from the light-emitting portion 30 gradually becomes darker, and after the minimum output point, the light emitted from the light-emitting portion 30 gradually becomes darker. Brighten. In the first mode, drowsiness is induced by alternately repeating decreasing and increasing the output of light emitted from the light-emitting portion 30 .

In addition, at least one of reducing the output of the light emitted from the light-emitting portion 30 and increasing the output of the light emitted from the light-emitting portion 30 is nonlinearly changed. In this embodiment, the decrease and increase of the output of the light emitted from the light-emitting portion 30 are nonlinearly changed.

In addition, in this embodiment, the output of light emitted from the light-emitting portion 30 is alternately repeated to decrease and increase, but when switching from the second mode to the first mode, the output of light emitted from the light-emitting portion 30 may also be decreased. Therefore, increasing the output of light emitted from the light-emitting portion 30 is not an essential component.

In the first mode, when the brightness and darkness of the light emitted from the light-emitting portion 30, that is, the decrease and increase of the output of the light emitted from the light-emitting portion 30, are set as one cycle, one cycle includes the first period, the third period and the 3 periods of the 2nd period.

In the first mode, the control unit 20 performs control more than once, in the light and dark of the light emitted by the light emitting unit 30, the output of the light emitted by the light emitting unit 30 decreases from the maximum output to the minimum output during the first period. The first period is 2 seconds or more and 35 seconds or less. In FIG. 1 , the reduction action in the first period includes 5 times, but the number of reductions is not limited. The maximum output mentioned here is 5% or less of the output of the light-emitting portion 30 in a fully lit state. The maximum output (5% of the first output of the light-emitting section 30 ) is shown in FIG. 2A , for example, the maximum point at the point in time when the second period elapses in the first mode is displayed. In addition, the output in the fully lit state is also referred to as the rated output.

Here, the definition of the first output will be described.

In a lighting system including a plurality of lighting fixtures 1, the first output is the maximum output of each lighting fixture 1, that is, the sum of the maximum outputs of all light-emitting parts 30 included in each lighting fixture 1, or each lighting fixture that can be set by the user The sum of the maximum output of 1, that is, 100% of the output of the light emitted by the lighting system.

For example, when the lighting system is composed of n lighting fixtures 1, and the first outputs of the n lighting fixtures 1 are respectively (T1, T2...Tn) lm, the first output of the lighting system is (T1+T2+... ...Tn)lm.

The first output of a lighting fixture 1 is the maximum output of the lighting fixture 1, that is, the sum of the maximum outputs of all the light-emitting parts 30 included in the lighting fixture 1, or the sum of the maximum outputs of the light-emitting parts 30 that can be set by the user, That is, 100% of the output of the light emitted by the lighting fixture 1.

For example, when there are two light-emitting parts 30 in one lighting fixture 1, and the first output of one light-emitting part 30 is 2500 lm, and the other light-emitting part 30 is 3000 lm, the first output of the lighting fixture 1 is is 5500 lm.

In this case, an example of setting the maximum output in the first mode to be 5% or less of the first output of the light-emitting unit 30 will be described. In the first mode, when one light-emitting portion 30 is turned on at 250 lm and the other light-emitting portion 30 is turned off, the maximum output is 250 lm. Here, the maximum output 250 lm satisfies the condition that the first output 5500 lm of the lighting fixture 1 is 5% or less (275 lm or less).

In the first mode, the minimum output of the light emitted from the light-emitting portion 30 is 1/100 or more of the maximum output. In addition, the maximum output is of course a value greater than the minimum output adjacent to the maximum output.

In the first mode, the control unit 20 further performs control to increase the output of the light emitted by the light-emitting unit 30 from the minimum output to the next maximum output in the second period after the first period. The second period is 2 seconds or more and 32 seconds or less. Based on the first period and the second period described above, the control period of the first mode is 4 seconds or more. It is derived from the sum of the minimum output of 2 seconds in the first period and the minimum output of 2 seconds in the second period, and it may also mean that the first period is 4 seconds or more. In addition, the upper limit of the control period in the first mode is not particularly limited, and may be several seconds, several tens of seconds, several minutes, several tenths, or the like. The upper limit of the control period can also be set arbitrarily.

In this embodiment, in the first mode, the control unit 20 controls the brightness of the light emitted by the light emitting unit 30 so that the light emitted by the light emitting unit 30 gradually becomes darker during the first period, and then makes the light emitting unit 30 darker during the second period. The light emitted gradually brightened.

In addition, in FIG. 1, the operation|movement which increases in 2nd period 4 times is included, but the number of times of increase is not limited. In addition, the first period may be longer than the second period, or may be a shorter period, or may be the same period.

As shown in FIG. 2A , the first mode further includes a method of maintaining the light output of the light-emitting section 30 at the minimum output after the first period in which the output of the light emitted by the light-emitting section 30 decreases from the maximum output to the minimum output The third period in which control is performed. That is, in the first mode, when the output of the light emitted by the light-emitting unit 30 becomes the minimum output, the light-emitting unit 30 is turned on in the third period with an output near the minimum output, that is, a constant output. The third period is the period between the first period and the second period. In the 1st mode, after the 1st period passes, it transfers to the 3rd period, and after the 3rd period passes, it transfers to the 2nd period.

In addition, if the description of "near **" is described by taking the description of "near the minimum output" as an example, it will of course include the position of the minimum output, and it is intended to include those that are within a few % of the value.

The constant output mentioned here also includes the minimal output shown in FIG. 2A and the output of light within a few % error range of the minimal output. Therefore, the constant output in the third period as shown in FIG. 2B is not limited to being completely constant with an extremely small output. FIG. 2B is a diagram illustrating the output of light emitted from the light-emitting portion 30 in the vicinity of the minimum output in the first mode.

In addition, the third period may be longer or shorter than the first period or the second period.

In addition, the third period may not be included in the first mode. As shown in FIG. 2C , the first mode may be constituted by the first period and the second period. FIG. 2C is a diagram illustrating the output of light emitted from the light-emitting portion 30 in the vicinity of the minimum output in the first mode. Therefore, the third period is not a necessary constituent element in the first mode.

As shown in FIG. 2A , in the first mode, the rate of change of the output of light emitted from the light-emitting portion 30 near the minimum output is controlled so that the rate of change of the output of the light emitted from the light-emitting portion 30 near the maximum output is smaller than the rate of change of the output of the light emitted from the light-emitting portion 30 near the maximum output . Specifically, in the first mode, the change per unit time of the output of the light emitted from the light emitting part 30 near the minimum output is smaller than the change per unit time of the output of the light emitted from the light emitting part 30 near the maximum output. Therefore, in the vicinity of the maximum output, the width is narrower than, for example, a sine waveform, that is, the reference waveform, and in the vicinity of the minimum output, the width is larger than the reference waveform.

The second mode is a mode for illuminating the surroundings by emitting light with the first output in the fully lit state, and is a normal illuminating state (fully lit state). In the second mode, the control unit 20 only illuminates the surroundings, and does not control the light from the light-emitting unit 30 to alternately repeat light and dark, as in the first mode.

Moreover, the control part 20 controls so that the output of the light emitted from the light-emitting part 30 may change gradually from the output at the time of the 1st mode to the 2nd output which is smaller than the 1st output. That is, the control part 20 changes the output of the light of the light-emitting part 30 from the point which becomes the minimum output to the 2nd output when the 1st mode is complete|finished. The second output may be the same output as the minimum output, or may be larger or smaller than the minimum output, including turning off (the output is 0).

The light-emitting portion 30 is a light-emitting module having a substrate and a plurality of LEDs (Light Emitting Diodes) mounted on the substrate. The first output of the light emitting unit 30 is set to be 485 lm or more. When lighting a room with one light-emitting portion 30, a 40-type light bulb whose first output (also referred to as full beam) of the light-emitting portion 30 is 485 lm may be used. In this case, it is necessary to change the output of light emitted from the light-emitting portion 30 for the purpose of inducing drowsiness. Therefore, in this embodiment, the first output of the light-emitting portion 30 is set to 485 lm or more. In addition, if it is used as an ordinary lighting fixture 1, and for example, it is a room of 4.5 couch (7.29 square meters), the first output of the light-emitting part 30 is preferably 2200 lm or more. In addition, the light-emitting part 30 is not limited to LED, and may be a light bulb.

In addition, when the lighting fixture 1 has a plurality of light-emitting parts 30, when all the light-emitting parts 30 are turned on at the same time, the total of the first outputs of all the light-emitting parts 30 or the maximum output in the second mode must be 485 lm or more.

In addition, the light color of the light emitted from the light-emitting portion 30 is equal to or lower than the color temperature of daytime white. The color temperature of daytime white mentioned here is 4600K to 5500K, and the light color of the light emitted from the light-emitting portion 30 may also be set to be less than 5000K. In particular, the light color of the light emitted from the light-emitting portion 30 can be set to be equal to or less than the light bulb color. The bulb color is eg 2600 K to 3250 K.

The board is a printed wiring board on which a plurality of LEDs are mounted, and is formed in a substantially rectangular shape. As the substrate, for example, a resin substrate based on a resin, a metal base substrate based on a metal, a ceramic substrate containing a ceramic, and the like can be used.

The LED includes one or more light-emitting elements. The plurality of LEDs can emit white light, blue light, and orange light. In the present embodiment, the LEDs are, for example, RGB-type LEDs that emit blue light, green light, and red light. In addition, the LED can be an SMD (Surface Mount Device: Surface Mount Device) type LED, or a COB (Chip On Board: Chip Direct Packaging) type LED.

In addition, although not shown in the figure, a signal line for transmitting a control command input from the operation unit 40 and a power line for supplying power from the drive circuit are provided on the substrate. Each of the plurality of LEDs receives power supply from the drive circuit via the power line, and emits prescribed light based on a control command from the signal line. The control part 20 can change the output of the light emitted by the light emitting part 30 by controlling the light emission of each LED, for example, while repeating light and dark alternately.

The operation part 40 is an input interface which can perform an operation of causing the light-emitting part 30 to emit light in the first mode or the second mode, and is a terminal for accepting an instruction from a person. The operation unit 40 has a dedicated input unit for switching between the first mode or the second mode. For example, when a person goes to bed, the operation unit 40 is operated to select the first mode as an instruction for going to bed, whereby the lighting fixture 1 starts lighting in the first mode.

Moreover, the operation part 40 can arbitrarily set the output of the light of the light-emitting part 30 in the 1st mode. The operation unit 40 may be, for example, an operation panel electrically connected to the lighting fixture 1 , or may be an operation panel, such as a smartphone, a remote control, or the like independent of the lighting fixture 1 capable of wireless communication to operate the lighting fixture 1 .

The memory unit 50 stores information such as a control command indicating the lighting state in the first mode, a control command indicating the lighting state in the second mode, and the second output. The memory unit 50 is realized by an HDD (Hard Disk Drive), a semiconductor memory, or the like.

[result] Changes in the pupil diameter of a person based on the lighting state of the lighting apparatus 1 suitable for inducing drowsiness in a person, and a result of the sensory evaluation of the person are displayed.

First, FIG. 3 shows the results of measuring the change in the pupil aperture of a person when the output of the light emitted from the lighting fixture 1 is alternately and repeatedly decreased and increased.

FIG. 3 is a graph illustrating the relationship between the pupil aperture and the elapsed time of light incident to the human eye. In FIG. 3 , the vertical axis represents the pupil aperture of a person, and the horizontal axis represents the elapsed time until light is incident on the human eye.

In Fig. 3a, graphs A1 to A4 are shown. Graph A1 shows a change in pupil aperture when a person exists in a dark environment where the lighting fixture 1 is turned off. Graph A2 shows a change in pupil diameter when the lighting fixture 1 is turned on in the first mode. Graph A3 shows the change in pupil aperture when illuminated with constant light. Here, the constant light is 5% of the first output of the light-emitting portion 30 . The graph A4 shows the relationship between the luminous flux of the light emitted when the lighting fixture 1 is turned on in the first mode and the elapsed time in the graph A2. Therefore, graph A4 has nothing to do with the pupil aperture shown on the vertical axis of FIG. 3a.

As shown in FIG. 3 a , it can be seen from the graph A1 that the pupil aperture is enlarged compared with other graphs because the person exists in a dark environment. As can be seen from the graph A2, when the lighting fixture 1 is turned on in the first mode, the pupil aperture also changes with the change of the light beam in the graph A4, that is, the brightness of the light. Specifically, it can be seen that the following situation is repeated: if the light beam in the graph A4 begins to decrease, the pupil aperture in the graph A2 rapidly shrinks later, and after the light beam reaches the vicinity of the lower limit value, the pupil aperture gradually expands during the period when the light beam increases . After the light beam reaches the vicinity of the upper limit value, if the light beam starts to decrease again, the pupil aperture is rapidly reduced later. From the graph A3, it can be seen that since the light output is constant, the change as in the graph A2 does not appear.

In Fig. 3b, the vertical axis represents the pupil diameter of the person, and the horizontal axis represents the elapsed time from light irradiation to the person. In Fig. 3b, graph B1 and graph B2 are shown.

Graph B1 shows the pupil diameter of a person when the lighting apparatus 1 of the present embodiment is lit in the first mode. Graph B2 shows the pupil aperture when using a luminaire that just repeats the decrease in light output as the previous luminaire.

From the graph B1, it can be seen that the pupil diameter of a person has a large change in enlargement or reduction. On the other hand, in the graph B2, there is a slight change in the size of the pupil aperture of a person, but there is no change as in the graph B1. That is, it can be seen that, like the conventional lighting equipment, drowsiness cannot be induced only by repeating the light and shade of light.

Next, setting the first period to 2 seconds or more and 35 seconds or less will be described.

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between the maximum ratio and the first period. FIG. 4 shows the results of a sensory evaluation experiment in which 6 first periods were arbitrarily set and 3 subjects evaluated whether drowsiness was induced. In FIG. 4 , the vertical axis represents the maximum scale, and the horizontal axis represents the first period. The maximum ratio means the ratio of the maximum output to the first output.

In Figure 4, the situation where all 3 people answered the drowsiness was induced (3 people affirmed) is marked with a triangle mark, the situation where all 3 people answered no drowsiness (no affirmation) was marked with a diamond mark, and the two people responded with a square mark Induced drowsiness (both affirmed).

During the first period, all three respondents answered that the sites where drowsiness was not induced were 2.6 seconds and 34.8 seconds. Based on this, 2.6 seconds was set as the shortest period of the first period, 34.8 seconds was set as the longest period of the first period, and the first period was set to 2 seconds or more and 35 seconds or less. If the first period is less than 2 seconds, the period during which the output of the light emitted from the light-emitting portion 30 in FIG. 2 decreases from the maximum output to the minimum output is shortened, and people feel that the light is suddenly darkened. If the first period is longer than 35 seconds, the period during which the output of the light emitted from the light-emitting portion 30 decreases from the maximum output to the minimum output is prolonged, and people feel that the light gradually becomes darker. Therefore, it is considered that the periodic fluctuation of the pupil diameter, which occurs when drowsiness is felt, hardly occurs in periods other than the first period.

In addition, according to FIG. 4 , since all three people answered that the points where drowsiness was induced were 4 seconds and 23.6 seconds, the first period can be set to 4 seconds or more and 23 seconds or less.

Next, a description will be given of setting the maximum output to be 5% or less of the first output of the light-emitting unit 30 .

For example, when the lighting fixture 1 is installed in the central part of the ceiling, if the light beam reaching efficiency from the position of the lighting fixture 1 provided in the central part of the ceiling to the eyes of the person sleeping on the bed is set to 100%, then Since the amount of light reaching the eyes varies depending on the installation position of the lighting fixture 1, it is assumed that the output greatly varies. For example, when the lighting fixture 1 is installed on the side of a bed, etc., it can be considered that the light beam reaching the eyes is greatly attenuated.

In view of this, since the light beam reaching the eyes of the person sleeping on the bed varies depending on the position where the lighting fixture 1 is installed, the relationship between the first output and the minimum output will be described.

FIG. 5 is a graph showing the average illuminance when the lighting apparatus 1 is arranged at a specific position on the ceiling.

Fig. 5a illustrates the case where the lighting fixture 1 is arranged in the center of the ceiling, Fig. 5b illustrates the situation where the lighting fixture 1 is arranged at the corner of the ceiling, and Fig. 5c illustrates the situation where the lighting fixture 1 is arranged on the wall close to the floor. In addition, the dotted lines of Figs. 5a-c illustrate the arrangement positions of the beds.

The average illuminance is 78.0 lx in Figure 5a, 27.6 lx in Figure 5b, and 3.41 lx in Figure 5c. That is, when the average illuminance of FIG. 5a is set to 100%, the ratio of the average illuminance of FIG. 5b to the average illuminance of FIG. 5a is reduced to about 35%, and the ratio of the average illuminance of FIG. 5c to the average illuminance of FIG. 5a is reduced to about 35%. The proportional average illuminance is reduced to about 4.3%.

In this way, as shown in FIG. 5 c , when the lighting fixture 1 is installed on a wall close to the floor, the light beam arriving from the lighting fixture 1 is attenuated by more than 95%. In other words, the light beam from the light-emitting portion 30 is attenuated by 1/20.

Therefore, assuming that the attenuation of the light beam from the light-emitting portion 30 is 1/20, the relationship between the maximum output and the minimum output of the light output from the light-emitting portion 30 in the first mode is illustrated in FIG. 6 . In FIG. 6 , based on the ratio of the average illuminance of FIG. 5 c to the average illuminance of FIG. 5 a , the maximum ratio is set to 5% of the first output of the light-emitting section 30 . In FIG. 6 , the vertical axis is the maximum scale, and the horizontal axis is the minimum scale. FIG. 6 also shows the results of a sensory evaluation experiment in which 3 subjects evaluated whether drowsiness was induced. The minimum ratio means the ratio of the minimum output to the first output.

In Fig. 6, the time required for all three persons to respond to the drowsiness being induced is marked with a triangle mark, the required time for all three persons to answer the drowsiness not induced is marked with a diamond mark, and the place where drowsiness is induced by one person is marked with a circle mark period required.

In the position of such a pillow, according to the result of FIG. 6, when the minimum output is 0.21% or less of the first output of the light-emitting part 30, the effect of inducing drowsiness can be expected. In this case, according to FIG. 5 , if the attenuation of the light beam from the light-emitting portion 30 is considered to be 1/20, the minimum ratio must be set to 0.21×20=4.2% or less. If the simulation error is assumed to be 10%, the minimum proportion is 4.2% ± 0.42. Since the upper limit of the minimum ratio at this time is 4.62%, the minimum output is set to be 5% or less of the first output of the light emitted from the light-emitting portion 30 .

In addition, Fig. 6 shows that the effect of inducing drowsiness is higher as the minimum ratio is closer to 0%. In particular, when the minimum ratio is 0.07% or less, the effect of inducing drowsiness is considered to be higher. Accordingly, when calculated in the same manner as above, the minimum ratio is 0.07×20=1.4%. If the simulation error is assumed to be 10%, the minimum proportion is 1.4% ± 0.14. Since the upper limit of the minimum ratio at this time is 1.54%, the minimum output can be set to be 2% or less of the first output of the light-emitting portion 30 . Furthermore, in the case where the lighting fixture 1 is installed on the ceiling, according to FIG. 6 , since the minimum ratio confirmed by all the subjects is 0.07%, it is preferable to set the minimum output to 0.1% of the first output of the light-emitting portion 30 . the following.

Next, a description will be given of setting the second period to be 2 seconds or more and 32 seconds or less.

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between the maximum ratio and the second period. In FIG. 7 , the vertical axis represents the maximum scale, and the horizontal axis represents the second period. FIG. 7 also shows the results of a sensory evaluation experiment in which 3 subjects evaluated whether drowsiness was induced.

In FIG. 7 , the situation where all 3 persons answered the drowsiness was induced (3 persons affirmed) is marked with a triangle mark, and the case where all 3 persons answered no drowsiness (no affirmative person) was marked with a diamond mark.

During the second period, all three people answered that the sites where drowsiness was not induced were 2.6 seconds and 31.4 seconds. Based on this, 2.6 seconds was set as the shortest period of the second period, 31.4 seconds was set as the longest period of the second period, and the second period was set to 2 seconds or more and 32 seconds or less. If the second period is less than 2 seconds, since the period for rising from the minimum output to the maximum output is short, it is felt that the light is suddenly brightened. When the second period is set to 32 seconds or more, the period from the minimum output to the maximum output is long, and people feel that the light gradually becomes brighter. Therefore, it can be considered that drowsiness is less likely to occur because of a sense of discord.

In addition, according to FIG. 7 , based on the fact that all three people answered that the points where drowsiness was induced were 6.3 seconds and 20.5 seconds, the second period can be set to 6 seconds or more and 21 seconds or less.

In particular, when the first period is set to 4 seconds or more and 23 seconds or less, and the second period is set to 6 seconds or more and 21 seconds or less, the control period of the first mode can be set as the minimum output and the first period. The total of the minimum output during 2 periods is more than 10 seconds.

Next, based on the relationship between the minimum output and the maximum output, the desired ratio of the minimum output and the maximum output will be described.

8 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between the maximum output and the ratio of the maximum output to the minimum output when the output of the light emitted by the light emitting unit 30 is increased from the minimum output to the maximum output in the first mode. In FIG. 8 , the vertical axis is the maximum output, and the horizontal axis is the ratio of the maximum output to the minimum output. 8 shows the sensory evaluation test results in which the ratio of the maximum output to the minimum output among the maximum output of the light output from the light-emitting portion 30 in the first mode was evaluated by three subjects.

In Fig. 8, the situation in which all 3 persons answered affirmatively is indicated by a triangle mark, the condition in which all three persons answered negatively is indicated by a rhombus mark, and the condition in which one person answers affirmatively is indicated by a circle mark.

As shown in FIG. 8 , it can be seen that an affirmative answer can be obtained as the ratio of the maximum output to the minimum output increases. From this result, the minimum output is set to be 1/100 or more of the maximum output.

In particular, the maximum output can be set to 1/76 or more of the minimum output. In addition, since the minimum output is a value smaller than the maximum output adjacent to the minimum output, it is needless to say that the maximum output is greater than twice the minimum output.

Alternatively, the minimal output may be the output of light including 0. Therefore, the minimum output is not limited to 1/100 or more of the maximum output.

[Effect] Next, the effects of the lighting fixture 1, the lighting system, and the control method of the present embodiment will be described.

As described above, the lighting fixture 1 of the present embodiment includes the light-emitting portion 30 that emits light, and the control portion 20 that controls the output of the light. In addition, the light-emitting portion 30 emits light with the first output in a predetermined lighting state. Further, the control unit 20 has a first mode in which the output of the control light is reduced from a maximum output smaller than the first output to a minimum output smaller than the maximum output at least once in the first period. In addition, the first period is 2 seconds or more and 35 seconds or less, and the minimum output is 5% or less of the first output.

In this way, in the first period, the output of the light emitted by the light-emitting portion 30 is reduced from the maximum output to the minimum output, whereby the pupil aperture of a person changes as shown in FIG. 3 . Furthermore, as shown in the results of FIGS. 4 and 6 , the first period and the first output were optimized in order to produce the effect of inducing drowsiness in a person. The control unit 20 reduces the output of the light emitted by the light-emitting unit 30 in the first period, that is, gradually changes the surroundings from a brighter environment to a darker environment. As a result, one feels as if being swept away by drowsiness.

Therefore, by changing the output of the light emitted from the light-emitting portion 30, the effect of inducing drowsiness can be produced in a short time.

Moreover, the lighting system of this embodiment is provided with the some lighting fixture 1.

Furthermore, the control method of the present embodiment includes a first mode in which light is emitted with a first output in a predetermined lighting state, and in the first period, the output of the control light is controlled from a maximum value smaller than the first output at least once. output, reduced to a very small output that is less than the maximum output. In addition, the first period is 2 seconds or more and 35 seconds or less. In addition, the minimum output is 5% or less of the first output.

In these cases, the same effect as the above can be obtained.

Furthermore, in the lighting fixture 1 of the present embodiment, the control unit 20 controls the light output to increase from the minimum output to the next maximum output in the first mode and in the second period after the first period.

In this way, in the first mode, if the output of the light emitted by the light-emitting portion 30 is decreased, and then increased from the minimum output to the maximum output in the second period, the output of the light emitted by the light-emitting portion 30 is further increased from the minimum output to the maximum output within the first period. The maximum output is reduced to the minimum output. Thereby, if the light-emitting portion 30 is turned on so as to repeat the brightness and darkness of the light, drowsiness is more likely to be induced.

Moreover, in the lighting fixture 1 of this embodiment, the 2nd period is 2 seconds or more and 32 seconds or less.

Accordingly, according to the result of FIG. 7 , if the second period is set to be less than 2 seconds, the period from the minimum output to the maximum output is short, and a person feels abruptly brightening, or if the second period is set to be less than 2 seconds If it is more than 32 seconds, the period from the minimum output to the maximum output will be longer, and people will feel that the light will slowly become brighter, and thus feel a sense of incongruity. Therefore, in this lighting fixture 1, even if the light output of the light-emitting part 30 is increased in the 1st mode, sleepiness of a person is not hindered. That is, in this lighting fixture 1, it can suppress that the light which the light emitting part 30 emits becomes bright, and a person becomes awake.

Moreover, in the lighting fixture 1 of this embodiment, at least one of the reduction of the light output and the increase of the light output changes non-linearly.

Accordingly, since the output of the light emitted from the light-emitting portion 30 does not change monotonically, it can approach the rhythm that induces drowsiness. Therefore, it is difficult for a person to feel a sense of incongruity when the light emitted from the light-emitting portion 30 becomes darker or brighter, and drowsiness is easily induced.

Moreover, in the lighting fixture 1 of this embodiment, the maximum output is 5% or less of the first output.

Accordingly, according to the results shown in FIG. 6 , by setting the maximum output to be 5% or less of the first output of the light-emitting portion 30 , it is easier for a person to feel sleepy.

Moreover, in the lighting fixture 1 of this embodiment, the minimum output is 1/100 or more of the maximum output.

According to this, according to the result of FIG. 8, since the light emitted from the light-emitting part 30 is less likely to feel a sense of incongruity when it becomes dark or bright, it is easy to induce drowsiness.

Moreover, in the lighting fixture 1 of this embodiment, the control part 20 controls so that the output of light may be maintained to the minimum output in the 1st mode and further in the 3rd period between the 1st period and the 2nd period.

According to this, since the light emitted from the light-emitting portion 30 is maintained in a dark state in the third period, instead of being brightened immediately, a person is less likely to feel a sense of incongruity. In addition, since the darkening period can be ensured within the control period of one cycle in the first mode, sleepiness is more likely to be induced in a person.

In addition, in the lighting fixture 1 of this embodiment, the minimum output is the output of light including 0.

Thereby, since the lighting fixture 1 can be turned off in the first mode, drowsiness is more likely to be induced in a person.

Moreover, in the lighting fixture 1 of this embodiment, the control part 20 controls so that the change rate of the light output in the vicinity of the minimum output is smaller than the change rate in the vicinity of the maximum output in the first mode.

In Patent Document 1, the control of the light-emitting portion as described above is performed in order to adjust human respiration, but when it is applied to the case of human drowsiness, different effects are exhibited. In the present embodiment, since the output of the light emitted from the lighting fixture 1 is in the vicinity of the minimum output, that is, in a dark situation, the dark environment is slowly maintained, so that people are less likely to feel a sense of incongruity and easily induced drowsiness.

Moreover, in the lighting fixture 1 of this embodiment, the control part 20 further has the 2nd mode which controls so that the output of light may be maintained at the 1st output.

According to this, since the lighting fixture 1 has a function as the general lighting fixture 1, the first mode and the second mode can be mutually switched.

Moreover, in the lighting fixture 1 of this embodiment, the 1st output is 485 lm or more.

In this way, if the first output of the light-emitting portion 30 is 485 lm or more, the brightness of the light emitted from the light-emitting portion 30 can be ensured when the output is extremely large, and the darkness of the light emitted from the light-emitting portion 30 can also be ensured when the output is extremely small. Therefore, by darkening or brightening the light emitted from the light-emitting portion 30, the effect of inducing drowsiness can be produced.

Moreover, in the lighting fixture 1 of this embodiment, the light color of light is equal to or less than the color temperature of daytime white.

Here, among the light of human comfort, the comfort zone of Kruithof is known. In the comfort zone of Kruithof, the color temperature is related to the illuminance. In the comfort zone of the Kruithof, for example, in a state where the illuminance of the light is low, the light emitted from the light-emitting portion 30 may make people feel damp and cold. Also, for example, in a state where the color temperature of light is high, the light emitted from the light-emitting portion 30 may feel stuffy. Based on this situation, in light that makes people feel comfortable, the color temperature is related to the illuminance. In order to make people feel the light comfortably, it is preferable that the illuminance and the color temperature fall within the comfort zone of Kruithof, which has a specific relationship.

Based on this, since a person is less likely to feel a sense of incongruity due to the light color of the light emitted from the light-emitting portion 30, drowsiness is easily induced.

Moreover, in the lighting fixture 1 of this embodiment, the control period of the 1st mode is 4 seconds or more.

Accordingly, the control period (the total of the first period and the second period) when reducing and increasing the output of the light emitted by the light-emitting unit 30 is ensured in the first mode. Therefore, the effect of inducing drowsiness can be produced by darkening or brightening the light emitted from the light-emitting portion 30 .

Moreover, in the lighting fixture 1 of this embodiment, the control part 20 controls so that the output of light may be gradually changed from the output at the end of the 1st mode to the 2nd output which is smaller than the 1st output.

According to this, by ending the first mode, for example, an operation of turning off the lighting fixture 1 that is turned on can be indicated. Moreover, if the lighting fixture 1 at the time of the end of the 1st mode is kept on in the lighting state, it can also be utilized as a night light. Therefore, when the first mode is terminated, a person is less likely to feel a sense of incongruity.

(Variation of the embodiment) Unless otherwise specified, the configuration of the lighting fixture 1 of the present modification is the same as that of the embodiment, and the same reference numerals are assigned to the same configuration, and detailed descriptions related to the configuration are omitted.

In the present modification, the first mode performs at least one of decreasing the output of the light emitted by the light-emitting unit 30 from the maximum output to the minimum output stepwise, and increasing the output of the light emitted by the light-emitting unit 30 stepwise from the minimum output to the maximum output actions of the person. FIGS. 9A to 9C show an example in which the output of the light emitted by the light-emitting unit 30 is decreased in stages. For example, in FIG. 9A , in the first period, the output of the light emitted from the light-emitting portion 30 gradually decreases from the maximum output to the minimum output. In addition, FIG. 9A is only an example, and it is not limited to this.

The phase mentioned here means connecting the linear or non-linear line and the linear or non-linear line with the inflection point as the boundary.

As shown in FIG. 9B , the first period may have a plurality of inflection points, may be three or more stages, or may include a plurality of curves. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 9C , in the first period, there may be a section in which the output of the light emitted from the light-emitting portion 30 is constant. Of course, a period during which the light output of the light-emitting portion 30 increases is not provided in the first period. In addition, although the 1st period was mentioned as an example and demonstrated, it is the same in the 2nd period. Also in the second period, a period during which the output of light from the light-emitting portion 30 decreases is not provided. Moreover, in this modification, the 3rd period may be further included in the 1st mode.

In the lighting fixture 1 according to the present modification, the control unit 20 performs control for 1) decreasing the light output stepwise from the maximum output to the minimum output, and 2) from the minimum output to the maximum output stepwise in the first mode. At least one of the added controls.

Accordingly, light suitable for the human body can be provided by changing at least one of the light output of the light-emitting portion 30 in the first period and the light output of the light-emitting portion 30 in the second period in stages.

(Other variations, etc.) As described above, the present disclosure has been described based on the embodiment and the modification of the embodiment, but the present disclosure is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment and the modification of the embodiment. In the following description, there are cases where the same parts are assigned the same reference numerals to the above-mentioned embodiment and the modified examples of the embodiment, and the description thereof is omitted.

For example, in the lighting fixture of the embodiment and the modified example of the embodiment, when the lighting fixture is turned off, when a person operates the operation part to select the first mode, the control part performs once or more temporarily with the light emitted by the light-emitting part. The maximum output of the output is turned on, and after a certain period has passed, the output of the light emitted by the light-emitting part is reduced from the maximum output to the minimum output in the first period.

Furthermore, it can be realized as a program for causing a computer to execute the control method of the lighting fixture according to the embodiment and the modification of the embodiment, and a storage medium for storing the program.

In addition, in the lighting fixtures of the embodiment and the modification of the embodiment, the light output of the light-emitting portion 30 at the end of the first mode may be changed from the point where the output becomes the minimum to the two-dot chain line shown in FIG. 2A . the second output. The second output shown as a two-dot chain line is an example of a night light.

In addition, in the embodiment and the modification of the embodiment, the control unit may not be mounted on the lighting fixture. That is, the control unit can be connected to one or more lighting devices (without the control unit) including the light-emitting unit and the operation unit, and can control each lighting device as described above.

Moreover, it can be applied to the lighting system 100 provided with the lighting fixtures 1a and 1b of several embodiment and the modification of embodiment. The configuration of each of the lighting fixtures 1 a and 1 b is the same as that of the lighting fixture 1 . FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing a lighting system of a modified example.

In addition, the embodiment and the modified example of the embodiment can be obtained by implementing various modifications that can be conceived by the industry, or by arbitrarily combining the constituent elements in the embodiment and the modified example of the embodiment within the scope of not departing from the gist of the present disclosure. The form in which the function is realized is also included in the present disclosure.

1: Lighting fixtures 1a: Lighting fixtures 1b: Lighting fixtures 20: Control Department 30: Light-emitting part 40: Operation Department 50: Memory Department 100: Lighting System A1～A4: Curve graph B1: Graph B2: Graph

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the lighting apparatus according to the first embodiment. FIG. 2A is a graph showing the relationship between the current value and the elapsed time of the lighting fixture according to Embodiment 1. FIG. 2B is a diagram illustrating the output of light emitted from the light-emitting portion in the vicinity of the minimum output in the first mode. FIG. 2C is a diagram illustrating the output of light emitted from the light-emitting portion in the vicinity of the minimum output in the first mode. Figures 3a, b are graphs illustrating the relationship between pupil aperture and elapsed time for light incident to a human eye. FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between the maximum ratio and the first period. Figures 5a-c are graphs showing the average illuminance when lighting fixtures are arranged at specific locations on the ceiling. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between the maximum ratio and the minimum ratio of the output of light emitted from the light-emitting portion in the first mode. FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between the maximum ratio and the second period. 8 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between the maximum output and the ratio of the maximum output to the minimum output when the output of light emitted from the light-emitting portion increases from the minimum output to the maximum output in the first mode. FIG. 9A is a diagram showing an example in which the output of light emitted from the light-emitting portion is gradually reduced. FIG. 9B is a diagram showing an example in which the output of light emitted from the light-emitting portion is gradually reduced. FIG. 9C is a diagram showing an example of stepwise reducing the output of light emitted from the light-emitting portion. FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing a lighting system of a modified example.

Claims (17)

A lighting fixture comprising: a light-emitting portion that emits light; and a control portion that controls the output of the light; and the light-emitting portion emits the light with a first output in a predetermined lighting state; the control portion has: a first 1 mode, in which the output of the light is controlled at least once during the first period from a maximum output smaller than the first output to a minimum output smaller than the maximum output; the first period is more than 2 seconds and less than 35 seconds ; The above-mentioned minimum output is 5% or less of the above-mentioned first output. The lighting fixture of claim 1, wherein the control unit increases the output of the light from the minimum output to the next maximum output in the first mode and in the second period after the first period be controlled. The lighting fixture according to claim 2, wherein the second period is 2 seconds or more and 32 seconds or less. The lighting fixture of claim 2 or 3, wherein at least one of the above-mentioned decrease in the above-mentioned light output and the above-mentioned increase in the above-mentioned light output changes non-linearly. The lighting fixture of claim 2 or 3, wherein the maximum output is 5% or less of the first output. The lighting fixture of claim 2 or 3, wherein the control unit is configured to maintain the light output at the minimum level in the first mode and further during the third period between the first period and the second period. The way of output is controlled. The lighting fixture according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the minimum output is 1/100 or more of the maximum output. The lighting fixture according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the minimum output is the output of the light including 0. The lighting fixture according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein in the first mode, the control unit performs control to reduce the output of the light 1) from the maximum output to the minimum output stepwise, and 2) At least one of the controls for stepwise increase from the above-mentioned extremely small output to the above-mentioned extremely large output. The lighting fixture according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein in the first mode, the control unit is such that the rate of change of the light output in the vicinity of the minimum output is smaller than the rate of change in the vicinity of the maximum output be controlled. The lighting fixture according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the control unit further includes a second mode that controls the output of the light so as to maintain the first output. The lighting fixture according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the first output is 485l1m or more. The lighting fixture of claim 12, wherein the light color of the light is below the color temperature of daytime white. The lighting fixture according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the control period of the first mode is 4 seconds or more. The lighting fixture according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the control unit controls the light output to gradually change from the output at the end of the first mode to a second output smaller than the first output. A lighting system comprising: a plurality of lighting fixtures according to any one of claims 1 to 15. A control method for emitting light with a first output in a predetermined lighting state, and comprising: a first mode for controlling the output of the light to be smaller than the first output at least once during a first period The maximum output of the output is reduced to a minimum output smaller than the maximum output; and the first period is 2 seconds or more and 35 seconds or less; the minimum output is less than 5% of the first output.

Images