CN112075128B - Lighting fixture, lighting system and control method - Google Patents

Abstract

The lighting fixture (1) is provided with a light emitting unit (30) that emits light and a control unit (20) that controls the output of the light. The light emitting unit (30) outputs light at 1 st output in a predetermined lighting state. The control unit (20) has a 1 st mode in which control is performed as follows: during period 1, at least 1 time reduces the output of light from a maximum output less than the 1 st output to a minimum output less than the maximum output. The 1 st period is 2 seconds to 35 seconds. The minimum output is 5% or less of the 1 st output.

Description

Lighting fixture, lighting system and control method

Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to a lighting fixture, a lighting system, and a control method.

Background

Conventionally, a lighting fixture for changing light emitted from a light emitting unit is known. For example, the lighting device of patent document 1 includes a light emitting unit and a control unit that controls the light output of the light emitting surface of the light emitting unit to periodically vary.

The control unit controls the light emitting unit so that the light output varies along a sinusoidal curve, such that the variation per unit time in the vicinity of the maximum light output in 1 cycle is greater than the variation per unit time in the vicinity of the minimum light output in 1 cycle.

The breathing rhythm of the person is easy to adjust according to the change of the light quantity of the illumination light, and the person is easy to relax.

Prior art literature

Patent literature

Patent document 1: japanese patent No. 3978334

Disclosure of Invention

Problems to be solved by the invention

Therefore, according to the conventional lighting fixture, a person can adjust the breathing rhythm while visually recognizing light whose output periodically changes, but does not feel drowsiness. The reason is that the conventional lighting fixture is not optimized for the lighting system of the light for inducing drowsiness of the person, and the effect of inducing drowsiness of the person cannot be produced.

The present disclosure provides a lighting fixture, a lighting system, and a control method capable of producing an effect of inducing drowsiness of a person in a short time by varying the output of light emitted from a light emitting portion.

Solution for solving the problem

In order to achieve the above object, a lighting device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure includes: a light emitting unit that emits light; and a control unit that controls the light output, wherein the light emitting unit emits the light at a 1 st output in a predetermined lighting state, and the control unit has a 1 st mode that is controlled as follows: and reducing the output of the light from a maximum output smaller than the 1 st output to a minimum output smaller than the maximum output at least 1 st time within a 1 st period, wherein the 1 st period is 2 seconds to 35 seconds, and the minimum output is 5% or less of the 1 st output.

Further, a lighting system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a plurality of lighting fixtures.

Further, a control method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is as follows: the 1 st output light emission in the predetermined lighting state includes the 1 st mode controlled as follows: and reducing the output of the light from a maximum output smaller than the 1 st output to a minimum output smaller than the maximum output at least 1 st time within a 1 st period, wherein the 1 st period is 2 seconds to 35 seconds, and the minimum output is 5% or less of the 1 st output.

ADVANTAGEOUS EFFECTS OF INVENTION

According to the lighting fixture and the like of the present disclosure, an effect of inducing drowsiness of a person can be produced in a short time by changing the output of light emitted from the light emitting portion.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a lighting device according to embodiment 1.

Fig. 2A is a diagram showing a relationship between a current value and an elapsed time of the lighting device according to embodiment 1.

Fig. 2B is a diagram illustrating the output of light emitted from the light emitting section in the vicinity of the extremely small output in the 1 st mode.

Fig. 2C is a diagram illustrating the output of light emitted from the light emitting section in the vicinity of the extremely small output in the 1 st mode.

Fig. 3 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between a pupil diameter and an elapsed time of light incident to the human eye.

Fig. 4 is a diagram illustrating a relationship of the maximum ratio to the 1 st period.

Fig. 5 is a view showing average illuminance when the lighting fixture is disposed at a predetermined position of the ceiling.

Fig. 6 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between a maximum ratio and a minimum ratio of the output of light emitted from the light emitting section in the 1 st mode.

Fig. 7 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between the maximum ratio and the period 2.

Fig. 8 is a diagram illustrating a relationship of a maximum output and a ratio of the maximum output to the minimum output in a case where the output of light emitted from the light emitting portion increases from the minimum output to the maximum output in the 1 st mode.

Fig. 9A is a diagram showing an example in which the output of light emitted from the light emitting section is reduced stepwise.

Fig. 9B is a diagram showing an example in which the output of light emitted from the light emitting section is gradually reduced.

Fig. 9C is a diagram showing an example in which the output of light emitted from the light emitting section is reduced stepwise.

Fig. 10 is a schematic view showing an illumination system according to a modification.

Detailed Description

(insight underlying the invention)

In a conventional lighting device, by periodically changing the output of light emitted from the lighting device, a person can adjust the breathing rhythm while visually recognizing the light. However, the conventional lighting fixture is not optimized for the lighting system for inducing drowsiness of a person, and the effect of inducing drowsiness of a person cannot be produced. In order to make a person live in a healthy life, a sufficient sleep time must be ensured, and a lighting device capable of bringing an effect of inducing drowsiness of the person is sought. Accordingly, the inventors have conducted an independent study on the lighting system of a lighting fixture having an effect of causing drowsiness of a person.

As a result, the inventors found that: in order to cause drowsiness in a person, it is necessary to reduce the output of light emitted from the lighting fixture from the 1 st output to a very small output (5% or less of the 1 st output) in the 1 st period (a period of 2 seconds or more and 35 seconds or less).

The inventors focused attention on the fact that drowsiness of a person is caused by variations in the pupil diameter of the human eye. Here, the change in the pupil diameter of the person when the decrease and increase in the output of the light emitted from the illumination apparatus are alternately repeated is measured, and the result is shown in fig. 3. In fig. 3, a graph A2 shows a change in pupil diameter of the subject, and a graph A4 shows a change in light output of the lighting fixture. As shown in fig. 3 a, when periodically varying light enters the human eye, the pupil diameter of the graph A2 also changes in association with the change in the light flux of the graph A4, that is, the brightness of the light. Graph A2 is a state in which the person starts to feel drowsiness. As shown in fig. 3B, the graph B2 for adjusting the breathing rhythm does not show a change in the size of the pupil diameter of the person, but the graph B1 of the present disclosure shows a large change in the dilation or reduction of the pupil diameter of the person. Based on this, it is conceivable that drowsiness of a person can be caused by changing the pupil diameter by changing the light output.

As an insight related to the above, the inventors found that non-patent documents (xishan et al, evaluation of wakefulness state with pupil fluctuation as an index (pupil ゆ ma, evaluation of wakefulness state immediately before side) supporting the results, biomedical optics, volume 46 (2), 2008, pp.212-217. In the non-patent literature, the following is reported: when drowsiness occurs, the pupil diameter is repeatedly contracted or restored to the original size, and the pupil is gradually contracted. Based on this, it can be thought that: the mydriasis and mydriasis of the pupil aperture are periodically repeated, and the amplitude thereof decreases, thereby inducing drowsiness of the person.

Accordingly, the present disclosure provides a lighting fixture, a lighting system, and a control method capable of producing an effect of inducing drowsiness of a person in a short time by varying the output of light emitted from a light emitting portion.

Embodiments of the present disclosure are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below each represent a general or specific example. The numerical values, shapes, materials, structural elements, arrangement and connection of structural elements, steps, order of steps, and the like shown in the following embodiments are examples, and the gist of the present invention is not limited thereto. Among the constituent elements of the following embodiments, constituent elements not described in the independent claims will be described as arbitrary constituent elements.

The drawings are schematic and are not necessarily strictly illustrated. In the drawings, substantially the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals, and overlapping description is omitted or simplified.

Next, a lighting fixture, a lighting system, and a control method according to embodiments of the present disclosure will be described.

(embodiment)

Structure

The structure of the lighting fixture 1 according to the embodiment of the present disclosure will be described.

Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a lighting device 1 according to embodiment 1.

As shown in fig. 1, the lighting fixture 1 is a fixture capable of lighting by alternately repeating the light emitted from the light emitting unit 30. The lighting fixture 1 is, for example, a ceiling lamp or the like, and is provided on a construction member such as a ceiling.

The lighting fixture 1 includes a control unit 20, a light emitting unit 30, an operation unit 40, and a storage unit 50.

The control unit 20 controls the power supplied to the light emitting unit 30 so that the output of the light emitted from the light emitting unit 30 is changed in a pulsating manner alternately and repeatedly. Specifically, the control unit 20 includes a drive circuit for controlling the operation of the light emitting unit 30 such as turning on, off, dimming, or toning. The driving circuit supplies the power that varies pulsingly to the light emitting section 30 so that the light emitted from the light emitting section 30 is repeatedly shaded.

The control unit 20 has a 1 st mode in which the output of the light emitted from the light emitting unit 30 is reduced from a maximum output smaller than the 1 st output (for example, the output in the full-lighting state (an example of a predetermined lighting state)) to a minimum output change at least 1 st time during the 1 st period, and a 2 nd mode in which the output of the light from the light emitting unit 30 is controlled so as to be kept constant, in other words, so as to be kept at the 1 st output. The control unit 20 can switch between the 1 st mode and the 2 nd mode. That is, mode 1 is selected mutually exclusive with mode 2. In the present embodiment, the case where the 1 st output is the full lighting (lighting with 100% output) of the light emitting unit 30 is exemplified, but the present invention is not limited to this, and includes the case where the light emitting unit 30 is lit with a lower output than the full lighting. For example, the 1 st output is 80% of the output when the light emitting unit 30 is fully lit, but the output is not limited to 80% and can be arbitrarily changed.

The control unit 20 performs the following control in the 1 st mode: the operation of decreasing or increasing the output of the light emitted from the light emitting portion 30 is alternately repeated, that is, the brightness of the light emitted from the light emitting portion 30 is alternately repeated. This situation is shown in fig. 2A. Fig. 2A is a diagram showing a relationship between a current value applied to the light emitting unit 30 according to embodiment 1 and an elapsed time.

In this way, when the 2 nd mode in which the light emitting unit 30 is fully lit is switched to the 1 st mode, the light emitted from the light emitting unit 30 gradually becomes dark, and when the time point of the extremely small output passes, the light emitted from the light emitting unit 30 gradually becomes bright. In the 1 st mode, drowsiness of the person is induced by alternately repeating decreasing and increasing the output of light emitted from the light emitting portion 30.

In addition, at least one of a decrease in the output of light emitted from the light emitting portion 30 and an increase in the output of light emitted from the light emitting portion 30 varies non-linearly. In the present embodiment, the decrease and increase in the output of light emitted from the light emitting portion 30 vary non-linearly.

In the present embodiment, the decrease and increase of the output of the light emitted from the light emitting unit 30 are alternately repeated, but when the mode is switched from the 2 nd mode to the 1 st mode, the output of the light emitted from the light emitting unit 30 may be simply decreased. Therefore, an increase in the output of light emitted from the light emitting portion 30 is not an essential structural condition.

In the 1 st mode, when the light intensity of the light emitted from the light emitting portion 30, that is, the decrease and increase of the output of the light emitted from the light emitting portion 30 are set to 1 period, the 1 st period includes 3 periods of 1 st period, 3 rd period, and 2 nd period.

The control unit 20 performs the following control 1 or more times in the 1 st mode: in the shade of the light emitted from the light emitting unit 30, the light emitted from the light emitting unit 30 is reduced from the maximum output to the minimum output in the 1 st period. The 1 st period is 2 seconds to 35 seconds. In fig. 1, the time period 1 is spent 5 times for the reduction, but the number of times of the reduction is not limited. The maximum output here is 5% or less of the output of the light emitting unit 30 in the fully lit state. As shown in fig. 2A, the maximum output (5% of the 1 st output of the light emitting portion 30) represents, for example, a maximum locus at a time point when the 2 nd period passes in the 1 st mode. The output in the full-lit state is also referred to as a rated output.

Here, the definition of the 1 st output will be described.

In the lighting system including the plurality of lighting fixtures 1, the 1 st output is the maximum output of each lighting fixture 1, that is, the sum of the maximum outputs of all the light emitting sections 30 included in each lighting fixture 1, or the sum of the maximum outputs of each lighting fixture 1 that can be set by the user, that is, 100% of the output of the light emitted from the lighting system.

For example, when the lighting system is configured by n lighting fixtures 1, the 1 st output of the lighting system is (t1+t2+ … Tn) lm when the 1 st outputs of the n lighting fixtures 1 are (T1, T2 … Tn) lm, respectively.

The 1 st output of 1 lighting fixture 1 is the maximum output of the lighting fixture 1, that is, the sum of the maximum outputs of all the light emitting sections 30 included in the lighting fixture 1, or the sum of the maximum outputs of the individual light emitting sections 30 that can be set by the user, that is, 100% of the output of the light emitted by the lighting fixture 1.

For example, when there are 2 light emitting units 30 in 1 lighting fixture 1, when the 1 st output of one light emitting unit 30 is 2500lm and the other light emitting unit 30 is 3000lm, the 1 st output of the lighting fixture 1 is 5500lm.

In this case, an example will be described in which the maximum output in the 1 st mode is 5% or less of the 1 st output of the light emitting unit 30. In the 1 st mode, when one light emitting unit 30 is turned on at 250lm and the other light emitting unit 30 is turned off, the maximum output is 250lm. Here, the maximum output 250lm satisfies a condition of 5% or less (275 lm or less) of the 1 st output 5500lm of the lighting fixture 1.

In the 1 st mode, the minimum output of the light emitted from the light emitting portion 30 is one percent or more of the maximum output. Further, the maximum output is of course a value larger than the minimum output adjacent to the maximum output.

In addition, the control unit 20 performs the following control in the 1 st mode: in the 2 nd period after the 1 st period, the output of the light emitted from the light emitting section 30 is increased from the minimum output to the next maximum output. The period 2 is 2 seconds or more and 32 seconds or less. According to the above-described 1 st and 2 nd periods, the control period of the 1 st mode is 4 seconds or more. This is derived by adding 2 seconds of the minimum output during the 1 st period and 2 seconds of the minimum output during the 2 nd period together, and may mean that the 1 st period is 4 seconds or more. The upper limit of the control period in the 1 st mode is not particularly limited, and may be several seconds, several tens of seconds, several minutes, several tens of seconds, or the like. The upper limit of the control period may be arbitrarily set.

In the present embodiment, the control unit 20 controls the brightness of the light emitted from the light emitting unit 30 in the 1 st mode as follows: the light emitted from the light emitting portion 30 is gradually dimmed for the 1 st period, and then the light emitted from the light emitting portion 30 is gradually brightened for the 2 nd period.

In fig. 1, the time period 2 is 4 times spent for the increasing operation, but the number of times of the increasing operation is not limited. The 1 st period may be longer than the 2 nd period, may be shorter than the 2 nd period, or may be as long as the 2 nd period.

As shown in fig. 2A, in the 1 st mode, after the 1 st period in which the output of the light from the light emitting unit 30 is reduced from the maximum output to the minimum output, a 3 rd period in which the output of the light emitting unit 30 is controlled so as to maintain the minimum output is included. That is, in the 1 st mode, when the output of the light emitted from the light emitting portion 30 becomes the minimum output, the light emitting portion 30 is turned on in the 3 rd period so as to become an output in the vicinity of the minimum output, that is, a fixed output. The 3 rd period is a period between the 1 st period and the 2 nd period. In the 1 st mode, the transition is made to the 3 rd period after the 1 st period, and the transition is made to the 2 nd period after the 3 rd period.

Note that, the description of "vicinity of output" is given by way of example, and the meaning of the description of "vicinity of output minimum" includes a locus of output minimum, and includes a range within a few percent from the value.

The fixed output as referred to herein also includes the extremely small output shown in fig. 2A and the output of light in the range of an error of several percent of the extremely small output. Therefore, the fixed output is not limited to be completely fixed to the extremely small output as in the 3 rd period shown in fig. 2B. Fig. 2B is a diagram illustrating the output of light emitted from the light emitting section 30 in the vicinity of the extremely small output in the 1 st mode.

Further, the 3 rd period may be longer than the 1 st period or the 2 nd period or may be shorter than the 1 st period or the 2 nd period.

In the 1 st mode, the 3 rd period may be omitted, or the 1 st mode may be constituted by the 1 st period and the 2 nd period as shown in fig. 2C. Fig. 2C is a diagram illustrating the output of light emitted from the light emitting section 30 in the vicinity of the extremely small output in the 1 st mode. Therefore, the 3 rd period is not an essential structural condition in the 1 st mode.

As shown in fig. 2A, in the 1 st mode, control is performed as follows: the rate of change of the output of the light emitted from the light emitting portion 30 in the vicinity of the extremely small output is made smaller than the rate of change of the output of the light emitted from the light emitting portion 30 in the vicinity of the extremely large output. Specifically, in the 1 st mode, the change per unit time of the output of the light emitted from the light emitting portion 30 in the vicinity of the extremely small output is smaller than the change per unit time of the output of the light emitted from the light emitting portion 30 in the vicinity of the extremely large output. Thus, the width is narrower than the reference waveform near the maximum output and wider than the reference waveform near the minimum output, for example, a sinusoidal waveform.

The 2 nd mode is a mode in which the surroundings are illuminated by the 1 st output light in the full lighting state, and is a normal lighting state (full lighting state). The control unit 20 performs only the surrounding illumination in the 2 nd mode, and does not perform control to alternately repeat the brightness of the light from the light emitting unit 30 so as to be perceived by a person, as in the 1 st mode.

The control unit 20 controls the following: the output of the light emitted from the light emitting portion 30 is gradually changed from the output at the end of the 1 st mode to the 2 nd output smaller than the 1 st output. That is, the control unit 20 changes the light output of the light emitting unit 30 at the 1 st mode end time point from the point where the minimum output is achieved to the 2 nd output. The 2 nd output may be the same output as the minimum output, or may be larger or smaller than the minimum output, and includes extinction (output of 0).

The light emitting unit 30 is a light emitting module including a substrate and a plurality of LEDs (Light Emitting Diode: light emitting diodes) mounted on the substrate. The 1 st output of the light emitting unit 30 is 485lm or more. When 1 room is illuminated with 1 light emitting unit 30, a 40-type bulb having a 1 st output (also referred to as a full beam) of 485lm of light emitting unit 30 may be used. In this case, since the output of the light emitted from the light emitting unit 30 must be changed for the purpose of inducing drowsiness of the person, the 1 st output of the light emitting unit 30 is 485lm or more in the present embodiment. In addition, if the light emitting unit 30 is used as a general lighting fixture 1 and is a room of, for example, 4.5 couch (7.29 square meters), the 1 st output of the light emitting unit 30 is preferably 2200lm or more. The light emitting unit 30 is not limited to an LED, and may be a bulb.

When a plurality of light emitting units 30 are provided in the lighting fixture 1, it is necessary that the sum of the 1 st outputs of all the light emitting units 30 or the maximum output in the 2 nd mode is 485lm or more when all the light emitting units 30 are simultaneously lighted.

The color of the light emitted from the light emitting unit 30 is equal to or less than the color temperature of neutral white (japanese: diurnal white). The neutral white color temperature here is 4600K to 5500K, and the color of the light emitted from the light emitting portion 30 may be 5000K or less. In particular, the color of the light emitted from the light emitting portion 30 may be set to be not more than warm white (japanese: changing ball color). Warm white is, for example, 2600K to 3250K.

The substrate is a printed circuit board for mounting a plurality of LEDs, and is formed in a substantially rectangular shape. As the substrate, for example, a resin substrate based on a resin, a metal-based substrate based on a metal, a ceramic substrate including a ceramic, or the like can be used.

The LED includes 1 or more light emitting elements. The plurality of LEDs can emit white light, blue light, and orange light. In the present embodiment, the LED is, for example, an RGB type LED that emits blue light, green light, and red light. The LED may be an SMD (Surface Mount Device: surface mount device) LED or a COB (Chip On Board) LED.

Further, although not shown, a signal line, which is a wiring for transmitting a control command input from the operation unit 40, and a power line, which is a wiring for supplying power from the driving circuit, are provided on the substrate. The plurality of LEDs each receive supply of electric power from the drive circuit via the power line, and emit predetermined light based on a control instruction from the signal line. The control unit 20 can change the output of the light emitted from the light emitting unit 30 by controlling the light emission of each LED to repeat the brightness alternately, for example.

The operation unit 40 is an input interface capable of performing an operation of causing the light emitting unit 30 to emit light in the 1 st mode or the 2 nd mode, and is a terminal for receiving a human instruction. The operation unit 40 has a dedicated input unit for switching to the 1 st mode or the 2 nd mode. For example, when a person sleeps, the operation unit 40 is operated, and the 1 st mode is selected as an instruction for sleeping, whereby the lighting fixture 1 starts the lighting of the 1 st mode.

In addition, the operation unit 40 may arbitrarily set the light output of the light emitting unit 30 in the 1 st mode. The operation unit 40 may be, for example, an operation panel electrically connected to the lighting fixture 1, or an operation panel of a smart phone, a remote controller, or the like, which is independent of the lighting fixture 1 and can perform wireless communication to operate the lighting fixture 1.

The storage unit 50 stores information such as a control command indicating the lighting method in the 1 st mode, a control command indicating the lighting method in the 2 nd mode, and a2 nd output. The storage section 50 is implemented by an HDD (Hard Disk Drive), a semiconductor memory, or the like.

Results (results)

The results of the change in the pupil diameter of the person and the results of the sensory evaluation of the person, which are obtained based on the lighting manner of the lighting fixture 1 suitable for inducing drowsiness of the person, are shown.

First, fig. 3 shows a result of measuring a change in the pupil diameter of a person when the output of light emitted from the lighting fixture 1 alternately repeats decrease and increase.

Fig. 3 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between a pupil diameter and an elapsed time of light incident to the human eye. In fig. 3, the vertical axis represents the pupil diameter of a person, and the horizontal axis represents the elapsed time for light to enter the human eye.

Fig. 3 a shows graphs A1 to A4. Graph A1 shows a change in pupil diameter when a person is present in an environment where the lighting fixture 1 is turned off and is dark. Graph A2 shows the change in pupil diameter when the lighting fixture 1 is lighted in the 1 st mode. Graph A3 shows the change in pupil diameter when illuminated with constant light. Here, the constant light is 5% of the 1 st output of the light emitting portion 30. The graph A4 shows the relationship between the light flux of the light emitted when the lighting fixture 1 is turned on in the 1 st mode and the elapsed time in the graph A2. Thus, graph A4 has no relation to the pupil diameter shown by the vertical axis of a of fig. 3.

As shown in fig. 3 a, in graph A1, since a person exists in a darker environment, the pupil diameter is enlarged as compared with the other graphs. In the graph A2, it is understood that when the illumination device 1 is turned on in the 1 st mode, the pupil diameter also changes according to the change in the light flux of the graph A4, that is, the brightness of the light. Specifically, when the light beam of the graph A4 starts to decrease, the pupil diameter of the graph A2 is rapidly decreased later, and after the light beam reaches the vicinity of the lower limit value, the pupil diameter gradually expands during the period in which the light beam increases. When the light beam starts to decrease again after reaching the vicinity of the upper limit value, the pupil diameter rapidly decreases later, and the above-described situation is repeated. In graph A3, it can be seen that the output of light is fixed, and thus does not show a change as in graph A2.

In fig. 3 b, the vertical axis represents the pupil diameter of the person, and the horizontal axis represents the elapsed time of light irradiation to the person. In fig. 3B, a graph B1 and a graph B2 are shown.

Graph B1 shows the pupil diameter of a person when lighting in the 1 st mode using the lighting fixture 1 of the present embodiment. Graph B2 shows the pupil diameter when using a lighting fixture in which only the decrease in the output of light is repeated as in the conventional lighting fixture.

In graph B1, it is seen that the pupil diameter of the person greatly changes by expanding or contracting. On the other hand, in the graph B2, there is a slight change in the size of the pupil diameter of the person, but no change as in the graph B1 is seen. That is, it is known that if the brightness of light is merely repeated as in the conventional lighting fixture, drowsiness of a person cannot be induced.

Next, the period 1 is set to 2 seconds to 35 seconds.

Fig. 4 is a diagram illustrating a relationship of the maximum ratio to the 1 st period. Fig. 4 shows the results of a sensory evaluation experiment in which 6 periods 1 were arbitrarily set and whether drowsiness was induced was evaluated by 3 subjects. In fig. 4, the vertical axis represents the maximum ratio, and the horizontal axis represents the 1 st period. The maximum ratio means a ratio of the maximum output to the 1 st output.

In fig. 4, the case where the 3 persons all answer to induced drowsiness (3 persons affirmative) is marked with a triangle symbol, the case where the 3 persons all answer to non-induced drowsiness (no affirmative) is marked with a diamond symbol, and the case where the 2 persons answer to induced drowsiness (2 persons affirmative) is marked with a quadrangle symbol.

In period 1, 3 people all answer the sites where drowsiness was not induced for 2.6 seconds and 34.8 seconds. Based on this, 2.6 seconds is the shortest period of the 1 st period, 34.8 seconds is the longest period of the 1 st period, and the 1 st period is 2 seconds to 35 seconds. If the 1 st period is less than 2 seconds, the period in which the output of the light emitted from the light emitting unit 30 is reduced from the maximum output to the minimum output in fig. 2 is shortened, and the person feels a sharp darkening. If the 1 st period is longer than 35 seconds, the period during which the output of the light emitted from the light emitting unit 30 decreases from the maximum output to the minimum output is prolonged, and the person feels a slow darkening. Therefore, it is considered that periodic variation in pupil diameter, which appears when drowsiness is felt, is less likely to occur in a period other than the 1 st period.

In addition, according to fig. 4, since the points where the 3 persons answer to induce drowsiness are 4 seconds and 23.6 seconds, the 1 st period may be set to 4 seconds or more and 23 seconds or less.

Next, a description will be given of a case where the maximum output is 5% or less of the 1 st output of the light emitting unit 30.

For example, in the case where the lighting fixture 1 is provided in the central portion of the ceiling, when the beam arrival efficiency of light reaching eyes of a person sleeping on the bed from the position of the lighting fixture 1 provided in the central portion of the ceiling is set to 100%, since the amount of light reaching the eyes varies depending on the installation position of the lighting fixture 1, a great difference in output can be expected. For example, when the lighting device 1 is provided on a side surface of a bed or the like, it can be considered that a light beam reaching an eye is greatly attenuated.

In view of this, the relationship between the 1 st output and the extremely small output will be described because the light flux reaching the eyes of the person who is sleeping in the bed varies depending on the position where the lighting fixture 1 is provided.

Fig. 5 is a view showing average illuminance when the lighting fixture 1 is disposed at a predetermined position on the ceiling.

Fig. 5 a illustrates a case where the lighting fixture 1 is disposed at the center of the ceiling, fig. 5 b illustrates a case where the lighting fixture 1 is disposed at a corner of the ceiling, and fig. 5 c illustrates a case where the lighting fixture 1 is disposed near a wall of the floor. The dotted lines a to c in fig. 5 illustrate the arrangement positions of the beds.

The average illuminance was 78.0lx in fig. 5 a, but was 27.6lx in fig. 5 b, and was 3.41lx in fig. 5 c. That is, when the average illuminance of fig. 5 a is set to 100%, the ratio of the average illuminance of fig. 5 b to the average illuminance of fig. 5 a is reduced to about 35%, and the ratio of the average illuminance of fig. 5 c to the average illuminance of fig. 5 a is reduced to about 4.3%.

In this way, as shown in fig. 5 c, when the lighting fixture 1 is installed near the wall of the floor, the light flux arriving from the lighting fixture 1 is attenuated by 95% or more. In other words, the light flux from the light emitting portion 30 decays by one twentieth.

Therefore, assuming that the light flux from the light emitting portion 30 is attenuated by one twentieth, fig. 6 illustrates a relationship between the maximum output and the minimum output of the light emitted from the light emitting portion 30 in the 1 st mode. In fig. 6, the maximum ratio is set to 5% of the 1 st output of the light emitting unit 30 based on the ratio of the average illuminance of fig. 5 c to the average illuminance of fig. 5 a. In fig. 6, the vertical axis represents the maximum ratio, and the horizontal axis represents the minimum ratio. The results of a sensory evaluation experiment to evaluate whether drowsiness was induced by 3 subjects are also shown in fig. 6. The minimum ratio means a ratio of a minimum output to a 1 st output.

In fig. 6, the time required for inducing drowsiness is marked with a triangle mark 3 and the time required for inducing drowsiness is marked with a diamond mark 3 and the time required for inducing drowsiness is marked with a circle mark 1.

In the position of such a pillow, according to the result of fig. 6, when the minimum ratio is 0.21% or less of the 1 st output of the light emitting portion 30, an effect of inducing drowsiness can be expected. In this case, according to fig. 5, when the attenuation of the light beam from the light emitting portion 30 is considered to be one twentieth, the minimum ratio must be set to 0.21×20=4.2% or less. If the simulation error is assumed to be 10%, the minimum ratio is 4.2% ± 0.42. Since the upper limit value of the minimum ratio at this time is 4.62%, the minimum output is set to 5% or less of the 1 st output of the light emitted from the light emitting portion 30.

In fig. 6, the effect of inducing drowsiness is shown to be higher as the minimum ratio is closer to 0%. In particular, when the minimum ratio is 0.07% or less, the effect of inducing drowsiness is considered to be higher. Accordingly, the minimum ratio is 0.07×20=1.4% when calculated in the same manner as described above. If the simulation error is assumed to be 10%, the minimum ratio is 1.4% ± 0.14. Since the upper limit value of the minimum ratio at this time is 1.54%, the minimum output may be 2% or less of the 1 st output of the light emitting unit 30. In addition, in the case where the lighting fixture 1 is provided in a ceiling or the like, according to fig. 6, since the minimum ratio that is confirmed by all subjects is 0.07%, it is preferable that the minimum output is 0.1% or less of the 1 st output of the light emitting portion 30.

Next, the period 2 is set to 2 seconds or more and 32 seconds or less.

Fig. 7 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between the maximum ratio and the period 2. In fig. 7, the vertical axis represents the maximum ratio, and the horizontal axis represents the period 2. The results of a sensory evaluation experiment to evaluate whether drowsiness was induced by 3 subjects are also shown in fig. 7.

In fig. 7, the triangular marks 3 indicate that the person is in answer with the induced drowsiness (3 persons are affirmative), and the diamond marks 3 indicate that the person is not in answer with the induced drowsiness (no affirmative).

In period 2, 3 people all answer the sites where drowsiness was not induced for 2.6 seconds and 31.4 seconds. Based on this, 2.6 seconds is the shortest period of the 2 nd period, 31.4 seconds is the longest period of the 2 nd period, and the 2 nd period is 2 seconds to 32 seconds. If the period 2 is less than 2 seconds, the period from the extremely small output to the extremely large output is short, and thus the person feels that the light is suddenly turned on. If the 2 nd period is set to 32 seconds or longer, the period from the extremely small output to the extremely large output is long, and the person feels that the light is gradually turned on. Therefore, it is considered that the drowsiness is less likely to occur due to the sense of incongruity.

Further, according to fig. 7, the period 2 may be set to 6 seconds or more and 21 seconds or less based on that the points where the 3 persons all answer to be induced drowsiness are 6.3 seconds and 20.5 seconds.

In particular, the control period of the 1 st mode when the 1 st period is set to 4 seconds or more and 23 seconds or less and the 2 nd period is set to 6 seconds or more and 21 seconds or less may be 10 seconds or more in which the minimum output of the 1 st period and the minimum output of the 2 nd period are added together.

Next, a desired ratio of the minimum output to the maximum output will be described based on the relationship between the minimum output and the maximum output.

Fig. 8 is a diagram illustrating a relationship of the maximum output and the ratio of the maximum output to the minimum output in the case where the output of the light emitted from the light emitting portion 30 increases from the minimum output toward the maximum output in the 1 st mode. In fig. 8, the vertical axis represents the maximum output, and the horizontal axis represents the ratio of the maximum output to the minimum output. Fig. 8 is a result of a sensory evaluation test showing whether or not it is possible to confirm the ratio of the maximum output to the minimum output of the output of light emitted from the light emitting portion 30 in the 1 st mode by 3 subjects.

In fig. 8, the case where 3 persons all answer in the affirmative is marked with a triangle symbol, the case where 3 persons all answer in the negative is marked with a diamond symbol, and the case where 1 person answer in the affirmative is marked with a circle symbol.

As shown in fig. 8, it is known that as the ratio of the maximum output to the minimum output increases, a positive answer can be obtained. According to the result, the minimum output is set to one percent or more of the maximum output.

In particular, the maximum output may be one seventy-sixth or more of the minimum output. Further, since the extremely small output is a value smaller than the extremely large output adjacent to the extremely small output, it is needless to say that the extremely large output is larger than 1 time of the extremely small output.

The minimum output may be an output of light including 0. Therefore, the minimum output is not limited to one percent or more of the maximum output.

[ Effect of the invention ]

Next, the operational effects of the lighting fixture 1, the lighting system, and the control method in the present embodiment will be described.

As described above, the lighting fixture 1 according to the present embodiment includes the light emitting unit 30 that emits light and the control unit 20 that controls the output of the light. The light emitting unit 30 emits light at the 1 st output in a predetermined lighting state. The control unit 20 has a 1 st mode of controlling: during period 1, at least 1 time reduces the output of light from a maximum output less than the 1 st output to a minimum output less than the maximum output. The 1 st period is 2 seconds to 35 seconds. The minimum output is 5% or less of the 1 st output.

In this way, it takes time 1 to decrease the output of the light emitted from the light emitting unit 30 from the maximum output to the minimum output, and thus the pupil diameter of the person changes as shown in fig. 3. As shown in the results of fig. 4 and 6, the period 1 and the output 1 were optimized to produce an effect of inducing drowsiness in a human. The control unit 20 spends the 1 st period reducing the output of the light emitted from the light emitting unit 30, that is, gradually changing the surroundings from a brighter environment to a darker environment. Thus, the person may feel as if sleeping on a mat.

Thus, by changing the output of the light emitted from the light emitting unit 30, an effect of inducing drowsiness in a person can be produced in a short time.

The lighting system according to the present embodiment includes a plurality of lighting fixtures 1.

The control method according to the present embodiment is as follows: the 1 st output light emission in the predetermined lighting state includes the 1 st mode controlled as follows: during period 1, at least 1 time reduces the output of light from a maximum output less than the 1 st output to a minimum output less than the maximum output. The 1 st period is 2 seconds to 35 seconds. The minimum output is 5% or less of the 1 st output.

In these cases, the same operational effects as described above are also achieved.

In the lighting fixture 1 according to the present embodiment, the control unit 20 also controls the mode 1 as follows: in the 2 nd period after the 1 st period, the output of the light is increased from the extremely small output toward the next extremely large output.

In this way, in the 1 st mode, when the light output from the light emitting unit 30 is reduced and then it takes the 2 nd period to increase from the extremely small output to the extremely large output, it takes the 1 st period again to reduce the light output from the light emitting unit 30 from the extremely large output to the extremely small output. Thus, if the light emitting unit 30 is lighted up so as to repeat the brightness of light, drowsiness is more likely to be induced in the person.

In the lighting fixture 1 according to the present embodiment, the 2 nd period is 2 seconds to 32 seconds.

Accordingly, according to the result of fig. 7, if the 2 nd period is less than 2 seconds, the period from the extremely small output to the extremely large output is short, and the person feels that the light is suddenly turned on, or if the 2 nd period is 32 seconds or more, the period from the extremely small output to the extremely large output is long, and the person feels that the light is slowly turned on, and thus the sense of incongruity is felt. Therefore, in the lighting fixture 1, the light emitting unit 30 does not prevent drowsiness of a person even if the light output is increased in the 1 st mode. That is, in the lighting fixture 1, the light emitted from the light emitting unit 30 is lightened, and the user is prevented from being awake.

In the lighting fixture 1 according to the present embodiment, at least one of the decrease in light output and the increase in light output varies nonlinearly.

Accordingly, the output of the light emitted from the light emitting unit 30 does not change monotonically, and thus, the rhythm that encourages drowsiness of the person can be approximated. Therefore, the person does not feel uncomfortable when the light emitted from the light emitting portion 30 is darkened or brightened, and drowsiness is easily induced.

In the lighting fixture 1 according to the present embodiment, the maximum output is 5% or less of the 1 st output.

Accordingly, according to the result shown in fig. 6, the maximum output is 5% or less of the 1 st output of the light emitting unit 30, so that the user is more likely to feel drowsiness.

In the lighting fixture 1 according to the present embodiment, the minimum output is one percent or more of the maximum output.

Accordingly, according to the result of fig. 8, the person does not easily feel uncomfortable when the light emitted from the light emitting portion 30 is darkened or brightened, and drowsiness is easily induced.

In the lighting fixture 1 according to the present embodiment, the control unit 20 also controls the mode 1 as follows: in the 3 rd period between the 1 st period and the 2 nd period, the light output is maintained to be a very small output.

Accordingly, since the light emitted from the light emitting unit 30 is kept in a dark state in the 3 rd period, the light does not immediately turn on, and thus, a person does not feel uncomfortable. Further, since a darkening period can be ensured during the 1-cycle control period in the 1 st mode, drowsiness is more likely to be induced in the person.

In the lighting fixture 1 according to the present embodiment, the light having a very small output is an output of light including 0.

Accordingly, the lighting fixture 1 can be turned off in the 1 st mode, and thus drowsiness is more likely to be induced in a person.

In the lighting fixture 1 according to the present embodiment, the control unit 20 controls the mode 1 as follows: the rate of change of the output of the light near the minimum output is made smaller than the rate of change near the maximum output.

In patent document 1, the control of the light emitting unit as described above is performed to adjust the breathing of the person, but when the control is applied to drowsiness of the person, various effects are exhibited. In the present embodiment, when the output of light emitted from the lighting fixture 1 is near a very small output, that is, dark, a dark environment is maintained slowly, and thus, a person does not feel uncomfortable and drowsiness is easily induced.

In the lighting fixture 1 according to the present embodiment, the control unit 20 further includes a 2 nd mode of controlling: the output of light is maintained at output 1.

Accordingly, the lighting fixture 1 has a function as a normal lighting fixture 1, and thus can switch between the 1 st mode and the 2 nd mode.

In the lighting fixture 1 according to the present embodiment, the 1 st output is 485lm or more.

In this way, when the 1 st output of the light emitting unit 30 is 485lm or more, the brightness of the light emitted from the light emitting unit 30 at the time of maximum output can be ensured, and the darkness of the light emitted from the light emitting unit 30 at the time of minimum output can also be ensured. Therefore, the effect of inducing drowsiness in the person can be produced by darkening or brightening the light emitted from the light emitting portion 30.

In the lighting fixture 1 according to the present embodiment, the color of the light is equal to or less than the color temperature of neutral white.

Here, as light that a person feels comfortable, a comfortable region of Kruithof (Kruithof) is known. In the comfort region of Kruithof, color temperature and illuminance are related. In the comfort region of Kruithof, for example, in a state where illuminance of light is low, a person feels wet, cold, or the like with respect to light emitted from the light emitting portion 30. In addition, for example, in a state where the color temperature of the light is high, the light emitted from the light emitting portion 30 is stuffy. Based on this, as light that is comfortable for the human body, color temperature and illuminance are related. In order to make a person feel light comfortably, it is preferable to make illuminance and color temperature fall within a comfort region of Kruithof which becomes a prescribed relationship.

Based on this, the person is less likely to feel an uncomfortable feeling due to the light color of the light emitted from the light emitting portion 30, and thus drowsiness is likely to be induced.

In the lighting fixture 1 according to the present embodiment, the control period of the 1 st mode is 4 seconds or longer.

Accordingly, a control period (the 1 st period and the 2 nd period are added together) when the decrease and increase of the output of the light emitted from the light emitting portion 30 are performed 1 time each in the 1 st mode can be ensured. Therefore, the effect of inducing drowsiness in the person can be produced by darkening or brightening the light emitted from the light emitting portion 30.

In the lighting fixture 1 according to the present embodiment, the control unit 20 controls the following: the output of the light is gradually changed from the output at the end of the 1 st mode to the 2 nd output smaller than the 1 st output.

Accordingly, for example, the operation of turning off the lighted lighting fixture 1 can be represented by ending the 1 st mode. Further, if the lighting system of the lighting fixture 1 at the end of the 1 st mode is maintained, the lighting fixture can be used as a night light. Therefore, when the mode 1 is ended, the person does not feel uncomfortable.

(modification of embodiment)

The structure of the lighting fixture 1 of the present modification is the same as that of the embodiment unless explicitly described otherwise, and the same reference numerals are given to the same structure, and detailed description about the structure is omitted.

In the present modification, the 1 st mode is as follows: at least one of the operations of gradually decreasing the output of the light emitted from the light emitting unit 30 from the maximum output toward the minimum output and gradually increasing the output of the light emitted from the light emitting unit 30 from the minimum output toward the maximum output is performed. Fig. 9A to 9C show examples in which the output of the light emitted from the light emitting unit 30 is reduced stepwise. For example, in fig. 9A, in the 1 st period, the output of the light emitted from the light emitting portion 30 is gradually reduced from the maximum output toward the minimum output. Fig. 9A is merely an example, and is not limited thereto.

The stepwise means that a linear or nonlinear line is connected to a linear or nonlinear line with an inflection point as a boundary.

As shown in fig. 9B, the 1 st period may have a plurality of inflection points, that is, may have 3 or more stages, or may include a plurality of curves. As shown in fig. 9C, in the 1 st period, there may be a section where the output of the light emitted from the light emitting unit 30 is fixed. Of course, no period during which the light output of the light emitting portion 30 increases is provided in the 1 st period. In addition, the description has been given by taking the period 1 as an example, and the same applies to the period 2. In the 2 nd period, a period in which the light output of the light emitting unit 30 decreases is not provided. In this modification, the 1 st mode may further include the 3 rd period.

In the lighting fixture 1 according to this modification, the control unit 20 performs at least one of 1) control for gradually decreasing the light output from the maximum output to the minimum output and 2) control for gradually increasing the light output from the minimum output to the maximum output in the 1 st mode.

Accordingly, it is possible to provide light suitable for the human body by stepwise changing at least one of the light output of the light emitting portion 30 in the 1 st period and the light output of the light emitting portion 30 in the 2 nd period.

(other modifications, etc.)

The present disclosure has been described above based on the embodiments and the modified examples of the embodiments, but the present disclosure is not limited to the above embodiments and the modified examples of the embodiments. In the following description, the same reference numerals are given to the same parts as those of the above embodiment and the modification of the embodiment, and the description thereof may be omitted.

For example, in the lighting fixtures according to the embodiments and the modifications of the embodiments, when the operation unit is operated by a person to select the 1 st mode when the lighting fixtures are turned off, the control unit performs the following operations 1 or more times: the light emitting device is temporarily turned on at the maximum output of the light emitted from the light emitting unit, and after a predetermined period, it takes a 1 st period to reduce the output of the light emitted from the light emitting unit from the maximum output to the minimum output.

Further, the present invention can be realized as a program for causing a computer to execute the control method of the lighting fixture according to the embodiment and the modification of the embodiment, or as a storage medium storing the program.

In the lighting devices according to the embodiments and the modified examples of the embodiments, the light output of the light emitting unit 30 at the 1 st mode end time point may be changed from the point at which the light output is the minimum output to the 2 nd output indicated by the two-dot chain line in fig. 2A. As for the 2 nd output indicated by the two-dot chain line, a night light is exemplified.

In the embodiment and the modification of the embodiment, the control unit may not be mounted on the lighting device. That is, the control unit may be connected to 1 or more lighting devices (not mounted with the control unit) having the light emitting unit and the operation unit, and may control the respective lighting devices as described above.

The present invention is also applicable to the lighting system 100 including a plurality of lighting fixtures 1a and 1b according to the embodiment and the modification examples of the embodiment. The respective structures of the lighting fixtures 1a, 1b are the same as the lighting fixture 1. Fig. 10 is a schematic view showing an illumination system according to a modification.

In addition, the present disclosure also includes modes of implementing various modifications that can be conceived by those skilled in the art to the embodiments and modifications of the embodiments, and modes of implementing any combination of the constituent elements and functions in the embodiments and modifications of the embodiments within a range that does not depart from the gist of the present disclosure.

Description of the reference numerals

1. 1a, 1b: a lighting fixture; 20: a control unit; 30: a light emitting section; 100: an illumination system.

Claims (16)

1. A lighting fixture is provided with:

a light emitting unit that emits light; and

a control unit that controls an output of the light from the light emitting unit,

Wherein the light emitting section emits the light at the 1 st output in a predetermined lighting state,

the control section has a 1 st mode of controlling the light emitting section in such a manner that: reducing the output of the light from a maximum output less than the 1 st output to a minimum output less than the maximum output at least 1 st time during the 1 st period,

the 1 st period is 2 seconds or more and 35 seconds or less,

the predetermined lighting state is the 1 st output fixed state,

the period during which the 1 st mode is implemented includes the 1 st period, a 2 nd period after the 1 st period, and a 2 nd period after the passage of the 2 nd period in which the output of the light is reduced from the maximum output at the time of passage of the 2 nd period to become the extremely small output,

during implementation of the 1 st mode, the control section controls the light output of the light emitting section in such a manner that: repeating the period 2 and the period after the lapse of the period 2 for 1 or more times,

the 2 nd period is a period in which the output of the light is increased from the extremely small output toward the next extremely large output,

the minimum output is 5% or less of the 1 st output.

2. A lighting fixture as recited in claim 1, wherein,

The period 2 is 2 seconds or more and 32 seconds or less.

3. A lighting fixture as recited in claim 1 or claim 2, wherein,

at least one of the decrease in the output of the light and the increase in the output of the light varies non-linearly.

4. A lighting fixture as recited in claim 1 or claim 2, wherein,

the maximum output is 5% or less of the 1 st output.

5. A lighting fixture as recited in claim 1 or claim 2, wherein,

the control section also controls in the 1 st mode as follows: during a 3 rd period between the 1 st period and the 2 nd period, the output of the light is maintained at the extremely small output.

6. A lighting fixture as recited in claim 1 or claim 2, wherein,

the very small output is more than one percent of the very large output.

7. A lighting fixture as recited in claim 1 or claim 2, wherein,

the very small output is the output of the light that includes 0.

8. A lighting fixture as recited in claim 1 or claim 2, wherein,

the control unit performs at least one of 1) control for gradually decreasing the light output from the maximum output toward the minimum output and 2) control for gradually increasing the light output from the minimum output toward the maximum output in the 1 st mode.

9. A lighting fixture as recited in claim 1 or claim 2, wherein,

the control section controls in the 1 st mode as follows: the rate of change of the output of the light is made smaller near the extremely small output than near the extremely large output.

10. A lighting fixture as recited in claim 1 or claim 2, wherein,

the control section further has a 2 nd mode of controlling in such a manner that: maintaining the output of the light as the 1 st output.

11. A lighting fixture as recited in claim 1 or claim 2, wherein,

the 1 st output is 485lm or more.

12. A lighting fixture as recited in claim 11, wherein,

the light color of the light is below the color temperature of neutral white.

13. A lighting fixture as recited in claim 1 or claim 2, wherein,

the control period of the 1 st mode is 4 seconds or longer.

14. A lighting fixture as recited in claim 1 or claim 2, wherein,

the control unit controls: the output of the light is gradually changed from the output at the end of the 1 st mode to the 2 nd output smaller than the 1 st output.

15. A lighting system provided with a plurality of lighting fixtures according to any one of claims 1-14.

16. A control method, wherein,

in a predetermined lighting state, the 1 st output emits light,

comprising mode 1 controlled as follows: reducing the output of the light from a maximum output less than the 1 st output to a minimum output less than the maximum output at least 1 st time during the 1 st period,

the 1 st period is 2 seconds or more and 35 seconds or less,

the predetermined lighting state is the 1 st output fixed state,

the period during which the 1 st mode is implemented includes the 1 st period, a 2 nd period after the 1 st period, and a 2 nd period after the passage of the 2 nd period in which the output of the light is reduced from the maximum output at the time of passage of the 2 nd period to become the extremely small output,

during implementation of the mode 1, the light output is controlled in the following manner: repeating the period 2 and the period after the lapse of the period 2 more than 1 time,

the 2 nd period is a period in which the output of the light is increased from the extremely small output toward the next extremely large output,

the minimum output is 5% or less of the 1 st output.