WO2020019830A1 - 一种电池及外部部件 - Google Patents

一种电池及外部部件 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020019830A1
WO2020019830A1 PCT/CN2019/086742 CN2019086742W WO2020019830A1 WO 2020019830 A1 WO2020019830 A1 WO 2020019830A1 CN 2019086742 W CN2019086742 W CN 2019086742W WO 2020019830 A1 WO2020019830 A1 WO 2020019830A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
switch
battery pack
voltage
series
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Application number
PCT/CN2019/086742
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
孟珂
陈平
朱晓晖
Original Assignee
南京奥视威电子科技股份有限公司
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Application filed by 南京奥视威电子科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 南京奥视威电子科技股份有限公司
Priority to US16/483,745 priority Critical patent/US11296517B2/en
Priority to EP19795441.5A priority patent/EP3629443A4/en
Publication of WO2020019830A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020019830A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H02J7/0024—Parallel/serial switching of connection of batteries to charge or load circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/4207—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/46—Accumulators structurally combined with charging apparatus
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/244—Secondary casings; Racks; Suspension devices; Carrying devices; Holders characterised by their mounting method
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0042—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the mechanical construction
    • H02J7/0045—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the mechanical construction concerning the insertion or the connection of the batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of power supply of film and television shooting equipment, and particularly relates to a battery and external components.
  • High-voltage cameras and low-voltage cameras have the same power input interface, and they are V-shaped or set-up gussets. Therefore, the high-voltage battery can also be connected to the low-voltage camera structure, but this will cause damage to the equipment. Although some manufacturers have changed the position of the battery's positive and negative poles, and can only output after connecting the corresponding daughter board, this high-voltage battery still has the risk of hanging on the low-voltage camera after connecting the daughter board, and it also increases the total number of user equipment, which is not conducive to management. In the same way, placing a high-voltage battery in a low-voltage charger will also cause damage to the charger. In short, the high-voltage batteries currently on the market only support high-voltage charging and discharging, and are not compatible with low-voltage cameras and low-voltage chargers.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a battery that is automatically compatible with both high voltage and low voltage.
  • the present invention provides a battery that is used in conjunction with external components, including a microcontroller, a series-parallel switching circuit, and at least two battery packs, and further includes a connector for cooperating with external components.
  • the microcontroller controls the series-parallel switching circuit to make the battery packs connected in series or in parallel according to the cooperation state of the connector and external components.
  • the battery further includes a battery charge-discharge management chip, which is used to balance the battery cell voltage during the battery charging in series, in parallel, or during discharging.
  • the battery charge and discharge management chip is provided with a communication terminal and a voltage monitoring terminal, the communication terminal is connected to the microcontroller, and the voltage monitoring terminal is connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery pack, respectively.
  • the battery further includes an on-off protection circuit for performing on-off protection on an abnormal situation in a charging and discharging process.
  • the battery pack includes a first battery pack and a second battery pack.
  • the series-parallel switching circuit includes a first switch, a second switch, and a third switch. Both ends of the first switch are connected to the positive electrodes of the first battery pack and the second battery pack, respectively, and both ends of the third switch are connected. Connected to the negative electrode of the first battery pack and the second battery pack, one end of the second switch is connected to the negative pole of the first battery pack, and the other end is connected to the positive pole of the second battery pack. The second switch is closed and the first switch and the first When the three switches are open, the first battery pack is connected in series with the second battery pack; when the second switch is open and the first switch and the third switch are closed, the first battery pack and the second battery pack are connected in parallel.
  • the on-off protection circuit includes MOS1, MOS2, MOS3, and MOS4, the source of the MOS1 is connected to the positive electrode of the first battery pack, the drain is connected to the MOS2, and the gate is connected to the battery charge and discharge management chip;
  • the source of MOS2 is connected to the positive battery output, the gate is connected to the battery charge and discharge management chip;
  • the source of MOS3 is connected to the positive electrode of the second battery pack, the drain is connected to MOS4, and the gate is connected to the battery charge and discharge management chip.
  • the source of the MOS4 is connected to the first switch and the second switch, and the gate is connected to the battery charge and discharge management chip.
  • the connector is mated with an external component through a contact connection or a non-contact connection.
  • the connector is a reed switch, and a magnet is arranged on the outer part, and the magnet and the reed switch are connected in a non-contact manner.
  • the connector is an electrode
  • an external electrode is provided with an external electrode
  • the external electrode and the connector are contact-connected.
  • the present invention also provides an external component used in conjunction with the battery in the above technical solution, and the external component is a battery gusset.
  • the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
  • the battery of the present invention can be automatically matched to a charger or a camera of different voltages installed with a corresponding battery plate only by changing the battery plate connected to the high-voltage charger or the high-voltage camera.
  • FIG. 1 is an overall schematic diagram of a battery according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is an overall schematic view of a gusset according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a battery-mounted camera according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a battery-mounted charger according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a disassembly schematic diagram of a gusset according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of disassembling the battery according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a high-voltage state system according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a block diagram of a low-voltage state system according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a contact-connected battery and a buckle plate according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a block diagram of a high-voltage state system according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a block diagram of a low-voltage state system according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • An embodiment of the present invention is a battery capable of automatically switching between high and low voltage charge and discharge states.
  • the invention realizes the function of automatically switching the high and low voltage charging and discharging of the battery through the combination of automatic identification and automatic control.
  • the automatic recognition of the voltage level of the camera or charger is achieved by a non-contact proximity sensing method. That is, a pair of non-contact connectors are installed on the battery and the daughter board of the high-voltage camera and high-voltage charger. When the battery is hung on such a daughter board, the camera or charger is automatically recognized as a high-voltage device and the high-voltage circuit is opened. To achieve high-voltage charging and discharging.
  • the non-contact connector is not installed on the daughter board of low-voltage cameras or chargers. When the battery is hung on such daughter boards, the camera or charger where the daughter board is located is a low-voltage device, and the low-voltage circuit on the battery is opened to achieve low-voltage charging. Discharge.
  • the realization of automatic identification can also be achieved by the method of short-range wireless communication.
  • the two low-voltage battery packs are connected through a series-parallel switching circuit; the series-parallel switching circuit is controlled by a microprocessor.
  • the microprocessor controls the series-parallel switching circuit according to the above automatic identification result, and finally realizes the battery high-low voltage charging and discharging mode.
  • the system of the present invention mainly includes two parts, one is a battery 4 and the other is a gusset 3, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the buckle is fixed to the camera 7 or the charger 8.
  • the buckle fixed to the camera 7 is 31, the buckle fixed to the charger 8 is 32, and the battery 4 is hung on the buckle. Board 31 or 32.
  • a magnet 301 can be placed in the inner groove 302 of the gusset.
  • the battery reed switch 401 on the back of the battery is connected to the internal PCB on the front of the battery through a lead wire 402.
  • the reed switch 401 and the magnet 301 inside the buckle plate are combined as a magnetic switch to control the series-parallel switching circuit in the battery.
  • the battery 4 includes low-voltage battery packs A and B, a microcontroller circuit, a series-parallel switching circuit, and a reed switch 401.
  • the series-parallel switching circuit includes switches S1, S2, and S3. One end of S1 is connected to the positive pole of battery pack A via MOS1, MOS2, and the other end is connected to the positive pole of battery pack B via MOS3, MOS4. Both ends of S3 are connected to battery pack A, respectively.
  • the negative poles of B and B are connected.
  • S2 One end of S2 is connected to the negative pole of battery pack A, and the other end is connected to the positive pole of battery pack B through MOS3 and MOS4.
  • the reed switch 401 is closed under the action of the magnet, and S2 is closed by the micro-control circuit, and S1 and S3 are disconnected, thereby the low-voltage battery pack A And B enter the high-voltage mode in series.
  • the battery 4 can be adapted to a high-voltage charger or a high-voltage camera. As shown in FIG.
  • the reed switch 401 when the battery 4 is connected to the charger 8 or the camera 7 through a gusset without a magnet 301 (referred to as an ordinary magnetless gusset), the reed switch 401 is always on, and the microcontroller controls S2 to be disconnected. S1 and S3 are closed, so that the low-voltage battery packs A and B enter the low-voltage mode in parallel. At this time, the battery 4 can be adapted to a low-voltage charger or a low-voltage camera.
  • TI battery charge and discharge management chips balance the battery cell voltage during battery series, parallel charging, or discharging, which effectively avoids the situation of unbalanced cells.
  • the communication terminal of the battery charge and discharge management chip is connected to the microcontroller, and the voltage monitoring terminal is connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the battery pack, respectively.
  • the on-off protection circuit composed of MOS1, MOS2, MOS3, and MOS4 plays an on-off protection function for abnormal conditions in the charging and discharging process, improving the battery life and ensuring the performance of the battery.
  • the source of MOS1 is connected to the positive electrode of the first battery pack, the drain is connected to MOS2, and the gate is connected to the battery charge and discharge management chip; the source of MOS2 is connected to the battery output positive electrode, and the gate is connected to the anode.
  • the battery charge and discharge management chip The battery charge and discharge management chip; the source of the MOS3 is connected to the positive electrode of the second battery pack, the drain is connected to the MOS4, and the gate is connected to the battery charge and discharge management chip; the source of the MOS4 is connected to the first switch and the second The switch has a gate connected to the battery charge and discharge management chip.
  • the battery when the battery is connected to the non-magnet pinch plate, the battery is in the low voltage mode, and when the battery is connected to the magnet pinch plate, the battery is in the high voltage mode.
  • An embodiment of the present invention is a battery capable of automatically switching between high and low voltage charge and discharge states.
  • the difference from the first embodiment lies in the implementation of the automatic identification part.
  • a contact connector is used to automatically identify the voltage level of the camera or charger. That is, a pair of contact connectors are installed on the daughter board of the battery and the high-voltage camera and high-voltage charger. When the battery is hung on such a daughter board, the camera or charger is automatically recognized as a high-voltage device, and the high-voltage circuit is opened to realize High voltage charge and discharge. This device is not installed on the daughter board of a low-voltage camera or charger. When the battery is hung on such daughter board, it is judged as a low-voltage device, and the low-voltage circuit is opened to realize low-voltage charging and discharging.
  • this embodiment includes two parts: a buckle plate 3 and a battery 4.
  • the buckle plate 3 includes an electrode 901.
  • the corresponding position on the back of the battery 4 includes an electrode 902.
  • the two electrodes are short-circuited.
  • the battery 4 includes low-voltage battery packs A and B, a microcontroller circuit, a series-parallel switching circuit, and an electrode 902.
  • One end of the electrode 902 can be connected to the electrode 901 on the daughter board, and the other end is connected to the resistor R1 and the capacitor C1.
  • the positive power supply voltage VCC is grounded through the resistor R1 and the capacitor C1 in series to form a high-low level detection circuit.
  • the microprocessor controls S2 to close according to the voltage signal of the high and low level detection circuit, and S1 and S3 are turned off. On, so that the A and B low-voltage battery packs enter the high-voltage mode in series.
  • the battery 4 can be adapted to a high-voltage charger or a high-voltage camera.
  • the battery 4 is connected to the charger 8 or the camera 7 through a gusset without electrodes (called an ordinary electrodeless gusset), and the microcontroller controls S2 to be disconnected according to the voltage signal of the high and low level detection circuit.
  • S1 and S3 are closed, so that the low-voltage battery groups A and B enter the low-voltage mode in parallel.
  • the battery can be adapted to a low-voltage charger or a low-voltage camera.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种电池及外部部件，属于影视拍摄设备供电技术领域。本发明的电池与外部部件配合使用，包括至少两个电池组，还包括微控制器和串并联切换电路，还包括用于与外部部件配合的连接器，所述微控制器根据连接器与外部部件的配合状态控制串并联切换电路使电池组串联或并联。本发明能够自动兼容高/低压摄像机和高/低压充电器。

Description

一种电池及外部部件 技术领域
本发明属于影视拍摄设备供电技术领域，具体涉及一种电池及外部部件。
背景技术
随着摄像机技术的发展，摄像机的功耗变大，为提高摄像机工作的稳定性，部分品牌的摄像机将输入电压范围提高到了19.5V-34V(此电压范围下文称统称高压)，此类摄像机以下简称高压摄像机。传统摄像机电池输出电压范围仅10.8V-16.8V(此电压范围下文统称低压)，使用此类电池供电的摄像机以下简称低压摄像机，不能满足高压摄像机的电源需求。
高压摄像机和低压摄像机电源输入接口相同，为V字型或安顿型扣板，因此，高压电池结构上也可挂于低压摄像机，但这样会造成设备的损坏。虽然有些厂家变更了电池正负极位置，只有连接对应扣板后才能输出，但是这种高压电池还是存在连接扣板后挂于低压摄像机的风险，同时增加了用户设备总量，不利于管理。同理，高压电池置于低压充电器也会造成充电器的损坏。总之，目前市场上的高压电池仅支持高压充放电，无法兼容低压摄像机和低压充电器。
发明内容
本发明目的是提供一种同时自动兼容高压和低压的电池。
具体地说，本发明提供了一种电池，所述电池与外部部件配合使用，包括微控制器、串并联切换电路以及至少两个电池组，还包括用于与外部部件配合的连接器，所述微控制器根据连接器与外部部件的配合状态控制串并联切换电路使电池组串联或并联。
进一步而言，所述电池还包括电池充放电管理芯片，用于在电池串联、并联充电或放电过程中平衡电池组电芯电压。
进一步而言，所述电池充放电管理芯片设有通讯端和电压监控端，通讯端与微控制器连接，电压监控端分别与电池组的正极和负极连接。
进一步而言，所述电池还包括通断保护电路，用于对充放电过程的异常情况进行通断保护。
进一步而言，所述电池组包括第一电池组和第二电池组。
进一步而言，所述串并联切换电路包括第一开关、第二开关、第三开关，第一开关的两端分别与第一电池组和第二电池组的正极相连，第三开关的两端分别与第一电池组和第二电池组的负极相连，第二开关的一端连接第一电池组的负极，另一端连接第二电池组的正极，所述第二开关闭合而第一开关以及第三开关断开时，第一电池组与第二电池组形成串联；所 述第二开关断开而第一开关以及第三开关闭合时，第一电池组与第二电池组形成并联。
进一步而言，所述通断保护电路包括MOS1、MOS2、MOS3、MOS4，所述MOS1的源极接第一电池组的正极，漏极接MOS2，栅极接所述电池充放电管理芯片；所述MOS2的源极接电池输出正极，栅极接所述电池充放电管理芯片；所述MOS3的源极接第二电池组的正极，漏极接MOS4，栅极接所述电池充放电管理芯片；所述MOS4的源极接第一开关和第二开关，栅极接所述电池充放电管理芯片。
进一步而言，所述连接器与外部部件通过接触式连接或非接触式连接进行配合。
进一步而言，所述连接器为干簧管，外部部件设置磁铁，所述磁铁与干簧管实现非接触式连接。
进一步而言，所述连接器为电极，外部部件设有外部电极，所述外部电极与连接器实现接触式连接。
本发明还提供一种外部部件，与上述技术方案中的电池配合使用，所述外部部件为电池扣板。
本发明的有益效果如下：仅需对高压充电器或高压摄像机挂接的电池扣板进行更改，即可使得本发明的电池自动匹配安装了相应电池扣板的不同电压的充电器或摄像机，实现兼容高压充电器、低压充电器、低压摄像机和高压摄像机。无需人为判断电池与充电器或摄像机的电压类型是否匹配，有效避免为操作失误带来的隐患。由于完全兼容低压充电器，用户无需购买低压充电器，减少了用户采购充电器的种类。由于完全兼容低压摄像机，增加了电池的用途，减少了用户采购电池的种类。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例一的电池整体示意图。
图2是本发明实施例一的扣板整体示意图。
图3是本发明实施例一的电池挂载摄像机示意图。
图4是本发明实施例一的电池挂载充电器示意图。
图5是本发明实施例一的扣板拆解示意图。
图6是本发明实施例一的电池拆解示意图。
图7是本发明实施例一的高压状态系统框图。
图8是本发明实施例一的低压状态系统框图。
图9是本发明实施例二的接触式连接的电池与扣板示意图。
图10是本发明实施例二的高压状态系统框图。
图11是本发明实施例二的低压状态系统框图。
图中的标号：3-扣板，301-磁铁，302-扣板内凹槽，31-摄像机扣板，32-充电器扣板，4-电池，401-干簧管，402-导线，7-摄像机，8-充电器，901-第一电极，902-第二电极。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例并参照附图对本发明作进一步详细描述。
实施例一：
本发明的一个实施例，为一种可自动切换高低压充放电状态的电池。
本发明通过自动识别和自动控制两种技术手段相结合，来实现电池自动切换高低压充放电的功能。
其中，自动识别摄像机或充电器的电压高低通过非接触式近距离感应的方法实现。即在电池上和高压摄像机及高压充电器的扣板上安装一对非接触式连接器，当电池挂在此类扣板上时，自动识别出该摄像机或充电器为高压设备，打开高压电路，实现高压充放电。低压摄像机或充电器的扣板上不装该非接触式连接器，当电池挂在此类扣板上时，判断扣板所在摄像机或充电器为低压设备，打开电池上低压电路，实现低压充放电。当然，自动识别的实现也可以通过近距离无线通讯的方法实现。
自动控制的实现通过以下方法实现：
电池内部有两组低压电池组，两组低压电池组之间通过串并联切换电路连接；串并联切换电路通过微处理器进行控制。
通过自动识别和自动控制相结合，微处理器根据上述自动识别的结果，控制串并联切换电路，最终实现电池高低压充放电模式。
本发明的系统主要包含两个部分，一个是电池4，一个是扣板3，如图1、图2所示。如图3、图4所示，扣板固定于摄像机7或者充电器8上，其中固定于摄像机7上的扣板为31，固定于充电器8上的扣板为32，电池4挂在扣板31或32上。如图5所示，扣板内部凹槽302内可以放置磁铁301。如图6所示，电池背部干簧管401通过导线402与电池正面内部PCB连接，干簧管401与扣板内磁铁301组合作为一个磁性开关，控制电池内的串并联切换电路。如图7所示，电池4内包含有低压电池组A、B，微控制器电路，串并联切换电路及干簧管401。串并联切换电路包括开关S1、S2和S3，S1的一端经MOS1、MOS2与电池组A的正极相连，另一端经MOS3、MOS4与电池组B的正极相连，S3的两端分别与电池组A、B的负极相连，S2的一端连接电池组A的负极，另一端经MOS3、MOS4连接电池组B的正极。当电池4通过放置有磁铁301的扣板与充电器8或者摄像机7相连时，在磁铁作用下干簧管401闭合，通过微控制电路使S2闭合，S1与S3断开，从而低压电池组A、B串联进入高压模式，此时电池4可以适配高压充电器或者高压摄像机。如图8所示，电池4通过未放置磁 铁301的扣板(称为普通无磁铁扣板)与充电器8或者摄像机7相连时，干簧管401常开，微控制器控制S2断开，S1、S3闭合，从而低压电池组A、B并联进入低压模式，此时电池4可以适配低压充电器或低压摄像机。
如图7和图8所示，TI电池充放电管理芯片在电池串联、并联充电或放电过程中平衡电池组电芯电压，有效避免了出现电芯不平衡的情况。电池充放电管理芯片的通讯端与微控制器连接，电压监控端分别与电池组的正极和负极连接。
由MOS1、MOS2、MOS3、MOS4组成的通断保护电路对充放电过程的异常情况起到通断保护作用，提高电池寿命，保证电池的性能。参照图5和图6，MOS1的源极接第一电池组的正极，漏极接MOS2，栅极接所述电池充放电管理芯片；所述MOS2的源极接电池输出正极，栅极接所述电池充放电管理芯片；所述MOS3的源极接第二电池组的正极，漏极接MOS4，栅极接所述电池充放电管理芯片；所述MOS4的源极接第一开关和第二开关，栅极接所述电池充放电管理芯片。
综上，电池连接无磁铁扣板时，电池为低压模式，连接带磁铁扣板后，电池为高压模式。
实施例二：
本发明的一个实施例，为一种可自动切换高低压充放电状态的电池。与实施例一的区别在于自动识别部分的实现方式。
本实施例中，采用接触式连接器来实现自动识别摄像机或充电器的电压高低。即在电池和高压摄像机及高压充电器的扣板上安装一对接触式连接器，当电池挂在此类扣板上时，自动识别出该摄像机或充电器为高压设备，打开高压电路，实现高压充放电。低压摄像机或充电器的扣板上不装该装置，当电池挂在此类扣板上时，判断为低压设备，打开低压电路，实现低压充放电。
如图9所示，本实施例包含扣板3与电池4两个部分，扣板3上包含电极901，电池4背部对应位置包含电极902，两电极间短接。如图10所示，电池4内包含有低压电池组A、B，微控制器电路，串并联切换电路及电极902。电极902一端可与扣板上电极901相连接，另一端与电阻R1和电容C1连接，正电源电压VCC经串联的电阻R1和电容C1后接地，组成高低电平检测电路。当电池4通过带有电极901的扣板3与充电器8或者摄像机7相连时，电极901与电极902互相接触，微处理器根据高低电平检测电路的电压信号控制S2闭合，S1与S3断开，从而A、B组低压电池组串联进入高压模式，此时电池4可以适配高压充电器或者高压摄像机。如图11所示，电池4通过未带有电极的扣板(称为普通无电极扣板)与充电器8或者摄像机7相连，微控制器根据高低电平检测电路的电压信号控制S2断开，S1与S3闭合，从而低压电池组A、B并联进入低压模式，此时电池可以适配低压充电器或者低压摄 像机。
虽然本发明已以较佳实施例公开如上，但实施例并不是用来限定本发明的。在不脱离本发明之精神和范围内，所做的任何等效变化或润饰，同样属于本发明之保护范围。因此本发明的保护范围应当以本申请的权利要求所界定的内容为标准。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种电池，所述电池与外部部件配合使用，包括微控制器、串并联切换电路以及至少两个电池组，其特征在于，还包括用于与外部部件配合的连接器，所述微控制器根据连接器与外部部件的配合状态控制串并联切换电路使电池组串联或并联。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池，其特征在于，所述电池还包括电池充放电管理芯片，用于在电池串联、并联充电或放电过程中平衡电池组电芯电压。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电池，其特征在于，所述电池充放电管理芯片设有通讯端和电压监控端，通讯端与微控制器连接，电压监控端分别与电池组的正极和负极连接。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的电池，其特征在于，所述电池还包括通断保护电路，用于对充放电过程的异常情况进行通断保护。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的电池，其特征在于，所述电池组包括第一电池组和第二电池组。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的电池，其特征在于，所述串并联切换电路包括第一开关、第二开关、第三开关，第一开关的两端分别与第一电池组和第二电池组的正极相连，第三开关的两端分别与第一电池组和第二电池组的负极相连，第二开关的一端连接第一电池组的负极，另一端连接第二电池组的正极，所述第二开关闭合而第一开关以及第三开关断开时，第一电池组与第二电池组形成串联；所述第二开关断开而第一开关以及第三开关闭合时，第一电池组与第二电池组形成并联。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的电池，其特征在于，所述通断保护电路包括MOS1、MOS2、MOS3、MOS4，所述MOS1的源极接第一电池组的正极，漏极接MOS2，栅极接所述电池充放电管理芯片；所述MOS2的源极接电池输出正极，栅极接所述电池充放电管理芯片；所述MOS3的源极接第二电池组的正极，漏极接MOS4，栅极接所述电池充放电管理芯片；所述MOS4的源极接第一开关和第二开关，栅极接所述电池充放电管理芯片。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的电池，其特征在于，所述连接器与外部部件通过接触式连接或非接触式连接进行配合。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的电池，其特征在于，所述连接器为干簧管，外部部件设置磁铁，所述磁铁与干簧管实现非接触式连接。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的电池，其特征在于，所述连接器为电极，外部部件设有外部电极，所述外部电极与连接器实现接触式连接。
  11. 一种与权利要求1～10任一所述的电池配合使用的外部部件，所述外部部件为电池扣板。
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