WO2023165300A1 - 充电电路、装置及设备 - Google Patents
充电电路、装置及设备 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023165300A1 WO2023165300A1 PCT/CN2023/074827 CN2023074827W WO2023165300A1 WO 2023165300 A1 WO2023165300 A1 WO 2023165300A1 CN 2023074827 W CN2023074827 W CN 2023074827W WO 2023165300 A1 WO2023165300 A1 WO 2023165300A1
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- Prior art keywords
- charging
- battery
- circuit
- control unit
- resistor
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
- H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/4207—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
- H02J7/007182—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery voltage
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
- H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the invention relates to the technical field of power electronics, in particular to a charging circuit, device and equipment.
- the charging and equalizing circuits are independent; the output of the charging circuit is used to charge two strings of batteries together; the equalizing circuit detects the respective voltages of the two batteries; when it is found that the voltage difference between the two batteries is too large and there is an imbalance, it will open The balance switch of the battery with a higher battery voltage; when the balance switch is turned on, the charging current for the battery with a higher battery voltage will be reduced, so that the voltage difference between the two batteries can be smaller.
- Embodiments of the present application provide a charging circuit, device, and equipment, which can improve the accuracy of the charging circuit when performing equalization control when charging a battery.
- the first aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a charging circuit, the circuit includes: a charging control unit, a battery voltage detection unit, a balance control unit and a battery pack, the battery pack includes a first battery and a second battery, so
- the balance control unit includes a balance control module, a first switch tube Q1, a second switch tube Q2, a first resistor R1 and a second resistor R2, wherein,
- the first terminal of the charging control unit is connected to the output terminal of the equalization control module, the second terminal of the charging control unit is connected to the first output terminal of the battery voltage detection unit, and the charging control unit
- the third end of the resistor R1 is connected to the first end of the resistor R1, the positive pole of the first battery, and the first detection port of the battery voltage detection unit,
- the input terminal of the balance control module is connected to the second output terminal of the battery voltage detection unit, the first control port of the balance control module is connected to the first port of the first switching tube Q1, and the The second control port of the balance control module is connected to the first port of the second switch tube Q2, the second port of the first switch tube Q1 is connected to the first end of the first resistor R1, and the The third port of the first switching tube Q1 is connected to the negative pole of the first battery, the second port of the second switching tube Q2, the positive pole of the second battery, and the second detection port of the battery voltage detection unit. connected, the third port of the second switching tube Q2 is connected to the first end of the second resistor R2, and the second end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the negative pole of the second battery and grounded;
- the battery voltage detection unit is used to obtain the voltage of each battery in the battery pack, and determine an equalization control parameter and a charging parameter according to the voltage of each battery;
- the balance control unit performs charge balance control on the batteries in the battery pack according to the balance control parameters
- the charging control unit performs charging control on the batteries in the battery pack according to the charging parameters.
- the charging control unit includes a DC-DC circuit, a charging control module and a charging current detection module, wherein the input terminal of the DC-DC circuit is connected to the power input terminal , the output terminal of the DC-DC circuit is the third terminal of the charging control unit;
- the charging control module is configured to control the output signal of the DC-DC circuit according to the received voltage obtained by the battery voltage detection unit;
- the charging current detection module is used to detect the output signal of the DC-DC circuit.
- the charging circuit also includes a first inductance L1, the first end of the first inductance L1 is connected to the input end of the power supply, and the second end of the first inductance L1 is connected to the input end of the DC-DC circuit connected.
- the charging circuit further includes a third switching transistor Q3, a first end of the third switching transistor Q3 is connected to a second end of the first inductor L1, The second terminal of the third switching transistor Q3 is connected to the charging control module, and the third port of the third switching transistor Q3 is grounded.
- the charging circuit further includes a third resistor R3 and a first capacitor C1, wherein,
- the first end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the power input end, the second end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the first end of the first capacitor C1, the first end of the first inductor L1 terminals are connected, and the second terminal of the first capacitor C1 is grounded.
- a second aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a charging device, the device comprising the charging circuit according to any one of the first aspect.
- a third aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a charging device, the device comprising a housing and the charging device described in the second aspect.
- the battery voltage detection unit is used to obtain the voltage of each battery in the battery pack, and determine the balance control parameter and charging parameter according to the voltage of each battery, and the balance control unit adjusts the balance control parameter according to the balance control parameter.
- the batteries in the battery pack are charged and balanced, and the charging control unit controls the charging of the batteries in the battery pack according to the charging parameters, so that the batteries in the battery pack can be actively charged and balanced by the balancing control module Control, thereby improving the accuracy of the equalization control of the charging circuit.
- FIG. 1 provides a schematic structural diagram of a charging circuit according to an embodiment of the present application
- FIG. 2 provides a schematic structural diagram of a charging control unit according to an embodiment of the present application
- FIG. 3 provides a schematic structural diagram of another charging circuit according to the embodiment of the present application.
- FIG. 4 provides a schematic structural diagram of another charging circuit according to the embodiment of the present application.
- FIG. 5 provides a schematic structural diagram of another charging circuit according to the embodiment of the present application.
- FIG. 6 is a flow chart of an embodiment of an application method of a charging circuit provided by the embodiment of the present application.
- charging control unit 1 As shown in Figure 1, a kind of charging circuit of the present invention, charging control unit 1, battery voltage detection unit 2, balance control unit 3 and battery pack, described battery pack comprises first battery 4 and second battery 5, described
- the balance control unit 3 includes a balance control module 30, a first switch tube Q1, a second switch tube Q2, a first resistor R1 and a second resistor R2, wherein,
- the first terminal of the charging control unit 1 is connected to the output terminal of the equalization control module 30, and the second terminal of the charging control unit 1 is connected to the first output terminal of the battery voltage detection unit 2, so The third end of the charging control unit 1 is connected to the first end of the resistor R1, the positive pole of the first battery 4, and the first detection port of the battery voltage detection unit 2,
- the input terminal of the balance control module 30 is connected to the second output terminal of the battery voltage detection unit 2, and the first control port of the balance control module 30 is connected to the first port of the first switching tube Q1 , the second control port of the balance control module 30 is connected to the first port of the second switch tube Q2, and the second port of the first switch tube Q1 is connected to the first end of the first resistor R1.
- the third port of the first switching tube Q1 is connected to the negative pole of the first battery 4, the second port of the second switching tube Q2, the positive pole of the second battery 5, the battery voltage detection unit 2, the third port of the second switching tube Q2 is connected to the first end of the second resistor R2, and the second end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the second battery
- the negative pole of 5 is connected and grounded;
- the battery voltage detection unit is used to obtain the voltage of each battery in the battery pack, and determine an equalization control parameter and a charging parameter according to the voltage of each battery;
- the balance control unit 3 performs charge balance control on the batteries in the battery pack according to the balance control parameters
- the charging control unit 1 controls the charging of the batteries in the battery pack according to the charging parameters.
- the battery voltage detection unit is used to obtain the voltage of each battery in the battery pack, and determine the balance control parameter and charging parameter according to the voltage of each battery, and the balance control unit according to the balance
- the control parameter performs charging balance control on the batteries in the battery pack
- the charging control unit performs charging control on the batteries in the battery pack according to the charging parameters, so that the balance control module 30 can actively control the charging of the batteries in the battery pack.
- the charging equalization control of the battery is carried out, thereby improving the accuracy of the equalization control of the charging circuit.
- the charging control unit 1 includes a DC-DC circuit 10, a charging control module 11 and a charging current detection module 12, wherein the input terminal of the DC-DC circuit 10 Connected to the input terminal of the power supply, the output terminal of the DC-DC circuit 10 is the third terminal of the charging control unit 1;
- the charging control module 11 is configured to control the output signal of the DC-DC circuit 10 according to the received voltage obtained by the battery voltage detection unit 2;
- the charging current detection module 12 is used for detecting the output signal of the DC-DC circuit 10 .
- the output signal of the DC-DC circuit 10 may be a voltage signal or a current signal.
- the charging circuit further includes a first inductor L1, a first end of the first inductor L1 is connected to the power input end, and the first inductor L1 The second terminal of the DC-DC circuit is connected with the input terminal.
- the charging circuit further includes a third switching transistor Q3, the first end of the third switching transistor Q3 is connected to the second end of the first inductor L1 , the second terminal of the third switching tube Q3 is connected to the The charging control module is connected, and the third port of the third switching transistor Q3 is grounded.
- Figure 4 also includes a fourth switching tube Q4, the first end of the fourth switching tube Q4 is connected to the second end of the inductor L1, and the second end of the fourth switching tube Q4 is connected to the first end of the resistor R1 , the third end of the fourth switching transistor Q4 is connected to the controller unit.
- the charging circuit further includes a third resistor R3 and a first capacitor C1, wherein,
- the first end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the power input end, the second end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the first end of the first capacitor C1, the first end of the first inductor L1 terminals are connected, and the second terminal of the first capacitor C1 is grounded.
- the filter circuit formed by the third resistor R3 and the first capacitor C1 can filter the input signal, thereby improving the reliability of charging the battery pack.
- the charging control unit 1 of this embodiment adopts a DC-DC circuit to convert the fixed input voltage into the voltage and current required for battery charging through DC-DC; at the same time, according to the characteristics of the battery, the charging control part will control the DC-DC
- the parameters of the DC circuit complete the trickle-constant current-constant voltage charging process control required by the battery.
- the battery voltage detection unit 2 is responsible for detecting the voltage of each battery, and controlling the output voltage and current of the charging control circuit according to the detection results; meanwhile, the battery voltage detection unit 2 can also be used to control the opening or closing of the equalization control unit 3 closure.
- the equalization control unit 3 controls to turn on the corresponding equalization MOS transistor to discharge through the equalization resistor when the equalization opening condition is reached; at the same time, after the equalization is turned on, the charging control circuit is notified to charge the battery The charging current is reduced to the balancing current.
- This embodiment also provides a charging device, including the above-mentioned charging circuit.
- An application method of a charging circuit provided by the present invention is applied to the above-mentioned charging circuit, and the method includes the following steps:
- step S1 the battery pack voltage is detected in real time by the battery voltage detection unit 2 .
- Step S2 judging whether the pressure difference between the battery packs exceeds a threshold.
- Step S3 if the judgment result is negative, it is judged whether the voltage difference between the battery packs exceeds the balanced opening voltage.
- Step S4 if the judgment result is yes, turn on the equalization control unit 3, send an equalization signal to the charging control unit 1, execute step S5, reduce the charging current to the equalization current to equalize the battery voltage.
- step S1 is entered again to detect the voltage of the battery pack in real time.
- step S6 determines whether the voltage difference between the battery packs is less than the equalization end voltage, if so, then execute step S7, and set the charging current to the normal charging current , into the normal charging state.
- the balance control unit 3 when the balance control unit 3 is in the open state, it is judged whether the voltage difference between the battery packs is less than the balance end voltage, and if so, the balance control unit 3 is turned off, the charging current is set as the normal charging current, and enters the normal charging state.
- step S8 when detecting the voltage of the battery pack in real time, if it is determined that the voltage difference between the battery packs exceeds the threshold, step S8 is executed to stop charging and report an error.
- ⁇ VCB_ON (generally 100mV)
- ⁇ VCB_OFF (generally 10mV)
- the balance control unit 3 is turned off, and the charging current is set as the normal charging current to enter the normal charging state.
- the present invention proposes a circuit and method for improving the charging equalization effect.
- the charging circuit and the equalizing circuit are combined. Actively reduce the charging current and turn on the equalization circuit at the same time, so that only the battery with a lower voltage is charged at a lower charging current until the voltage of the two batteries in the battery pack is equal, and when there is no voltage difference, continue to start charging with a high current. It can ensure that the battery is balanced after each charge is completed, and can avoid the phenomenon that the fully charged battery is still unbalanced because the charging current is much greater than the balanced current even if the balance is turned on, which can effectively protect the charging of the battery pack. Discharge safety, prolong the service life of the battery pack.
- a method for improving the effect of charging equalization proposed by the present invention by reducing the charging current when the equalization is turned on, and then restoring the original charging current after the equalization is over, when the normal charging current is much greater than the equalizing current, the charging can be significantly improved.
- the balanced effect can ensure that after each charge is completed, there is no obvious pressure difference between the batteries, which is basically balanced, effectively solving the impact of the failed single battery in the battery pack on the overall performance of the battery pack, and greatly improving the battery life The overall performance and service life of the group.
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Abstract
本发明提供一种充电电路、装置及设备，其中，所述电路包括：充电控制单元、电池电压检测单元、均衡控制单元和电池组，所述电池组包括第一电池和第二电池，所述均衡控制单元包括均衡控制模块、第一开关管Q1、第二开关管Q2、第一电阻R1和第二电阻R2，其中，所述电池电压检测单元用于获取电池组中的每个电池的电压，以及根据所述每个电池的电压确定均衡控制参数和充电参数；所述均衡控制单元根据所述均衡控制参数对所述电池组中的电池进行充电均衡控制；所述充电控制单元根据所述充电参数对所述电池组中的电池进行充电控制，能够提升充电电路的在对电池进行充电时进行均衡控制时的准确性。
Description
本申请要求于2022年03月01日提交中国专利局、申请号为202210188897.X、申请名称为“充电电路、装置及设备”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
本发明涉及电力电子技术领域，尤其涉及一种充电电路、装置及设备。
在给串联电池充电时，为避免串联电池个体间参数的差异，而导致充满后不同电池个体间充满电压存在差异，影响电池容量和增加安全隐患，所以需要用到充电均衡技术。
现有技术方案，充电和均衡电路是独立的；充电电路输出给2串电池一起充电；均衡电路检测2节电池各自的电压；当发现2节电池压差过大，出现不均衡时，会打开电池电压较高电池的均衡开关；均衡开关打开后，就会减小给电池电压较高的那节电池的充电电流，从而让2节电池电压压差可以更小。
现有技术缺点：由于这种被动均衡在均衡开启时，多余的能量是通过均衡电阻RCB以发热的方式来消耗的，考虑到散热，所以均衡电流ICB设的不能过大，一般是10mA以下；而正常充电电流一般会到1A以上，这样，在充电时，即使检测到了电池不均衡，由于充电电流远大于均衡电流，2节电池很快就会充满，直到充满停充后，2节电池压差还是会比较大，均衡效果不明显。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种充电电路、装置及设备，能够提升充电电路的在对电池进行充电时进行均衡控制时的准确性。
本申请实施例的第一方面提供了一种充电电路，所述电路包括：充电控制单元、电池电压检测单元、均衡控制单元和电池组，所述电池组包括第一电池和第二电池，所述均衡控制单元包括均衡控制模块、第一开关管Q1、第二开关管Q2、第一电阻R1和第二电阻R2，其中，
所述充电控制单元的第一端与所述均衡控制模块的输出端相连接，所述充电控制单元的第二端与所述电池电压检测单元的第一输出端相连接，所述充电控制单元的第三端与所述电阻R1的第一端、所述第一电池的正极、所述电池电压检测单元的第一检测端口相连接，
所述均衡控制模块的输入端与所述电池电压检测单元的第二输出端相连接，所述均衡控制模块的第一控制端口与所述第一开关管Q1的第一端口相连接，所述均衡控制模块的第二控制端口与所述第二开关管Q2的第一端口相连接，所述第一开关管Q1的第二端口与所述第一电阻R1的第一端相连接，所述第一开关管Q1的第三端口与所述第一电池的负极、所述第二开关管Q2的第二端口、所述第二电池的正极、所述电池电压检测单元的第二检测端口相连接，所述第二开关管Q2的第三端口与所述第二电阻R2的第一端相连接，所述第二电阻R2的第二端与所述第二电池的负极相连接且接地；
所述电池电压检测单元用于获取电池组中的每个电池的电压，以及根据所述每个电池的电压确定均衡控制参数和充电参数；
所述均衡控制单元根据所述均衡控制参数对所述电池组中的电池进行充电均衡控制；
所述充电控制单元根据所述充电参数对所述电池组中的电池进行充电控制。
结合第一方面，在一个可能的实现方式中，所述充电控制单元包括DC-DC电路、充电控制模块和充电电流检测模块，其中，所述DC-DC电路的输入端与电源输入端相连接，所述DC-DC电路的输出端为所述充电控制单元的第三端；
所述充电控制模块，用于根据接收到的所述电池电压检测单元获取的电压，控制所述DC-DC电路的输出信号；
所述充电电流检测模块用于检测所述DC-DC电路的输出信号。
结合第一方面，在一个可能的实现方式中，
所述充电电路还包括第一电感L1，所述第一电感L1的第一端与所述电源输入端相连接，所述第一电感L1的第二端与所述DC-DC电路的输入端相连接。
结合第一方面，在一个可能的实现方式中，所述充电电路还包括第三开关管Q3，所述第三开关管Q3的第一端与所述第一电感L1的第二端相连接，所述第三开关管Q3的第二端与所述充电控制模块相连接，所述第三开关管Q3的第三端口接地。
结合第一方面，在一个可能的实现方式中，所述充电电路还包括第三电阻R3和第一电容C1，其中，
所述第三电阻R3的第一端与所述电源输入端相连接，所述第三电阻R3的第二端与所述第一电容C1的第一端、所述第一电感L1的第一端相连接，所述第一电容C1的第二端接地。
本申请实施例的第二方面提供了一种充电装置，所述装置包括如第一方面中任一项所述的充电电路。
本申请实施例的第三方面提供了一种充电设备，所述设备包括壳体和第二方面所述的充电装置。
实施本申请实施例，至少具有如下有益效果：
通过所述电池电压检测单元用于获取电池组中的每个电池的电压，以及根据所述每个电池的电压确定均衡控制参数和充电参数，所述均衡控制单元根据所述均衡控制参数对所述电池组中的电池进行充电均衡控制，所述充电控制单元根据所述充电参数对所述电池组中的电池进行充电控制，从而可以通过均衡控制模块主动的对电池组中的电池进行充电均衡控制，从而提升了对充电电路进行均衡控制时的准确性。
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本申请实施例提供了一种充电电路的结构示意图；
图2为本申请实施例提供了一种充电控制单元的结构示意图；
图3为本申请实施例提供了另一种充电电路的结构示意图；
图4为本申请实施例提供了另一种充电电路的结构示意图；
图5为本申请实施例提供了另一种充电电路的结构示意图；
图6为本申请实施例提供了一种充电电路的应用方法实施例的流程图。
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例的附图，对本发明实施例的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然，所描述的实施例是本发明的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于所描述的本发明的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在无需创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
一种充电电路实施例：
如图1所示，本发明的一种充电电路，充电控制单元1、电池电压检测单元2、均衡控制单元3和电池组，所述电池组包括第一电池4和第二电池5，所述均衡控制单元3包括均衡控制模块30、第一开关管Q1、第二开关管Q2、第一电阻R1和第二电阻R2，其中，
所述充电控制单元1的第一端与所述均衡控制模块30的输出端相连接，所述充电控制单元1的第二端与所述电池电压检测单元2的第一输出端相连接，所述充电控制单元1的第三端与所述电阻R1的第一端、所述第一电池4的正极、所述电池电压检测单元2的第一检测端口相连接，
所述均衡控制模块30的输入端与所述电池电压检测单元2的第二输出端相连接，所述均衡控制模块30的第一控制端口与所述第一开关管Q1的第一端口相连接，所述均衡控制模块30的第二控制端口与所述第二开关管Q2的第一端口相连接，所述第一开关管Q1的第二端口与所述第一电阻R1的第一端相连接，所述第一开关管Q1的第三端口与所述第一电池4的负极、所述第二开关管Q2的第二端口、所述第二电池5的正极、所述电池电压检测单元2的第二检测端口相连接，所述第二开关管Q2的第三端口与所述第二电阻R2的第一端相连接，所述第二电阻R2的第二端与所述第二电池5的负极相连接且接地；
所述电池电压检测单元用于获取电池组中的每个电池的电压，以及根据所述每个电池的电压确定均衡控制参数和充电参数；
所述均衡控制单元3根据所述均衡控制参数对所述电池组中的电池进行充电均衡控制；
所述充电控制单元1根据所述充电参数对所述电池组中的电池进行充电控制。
本示例中，通过所述电池电压检测单元用于获取电池组中的每个电池的电压，以及根据所述每个电池的电压确定均衡控制参数和充电参数，所述均衡控制单元根据所述均衡控制参数对所述电池组中的电池进行充电均衡控制，所述充电控制单元根据所述充电参数对所述电池组中的电池进行充电控制，从而可以通过均衡控制模块30主动的对电池组中的电池进行充电均衡控制，从而提升了对充电电路进行均衡控制时的准确性。
在一个可能的实现方式中，如图2所示，所述充电控制单元1包括DC-DC电路10、充电控制模块11和充电电流检测模块12，其中，所述DC-DC电路10的输入端与电源输入端相连接，所述DC-DC电路10的输出端为所述充电控制单元1的第三端；
所述充电控制模块11，用于根据接收到的所述电池电压检测单元2获取的电压，控制所述DC-DC电路10的输出信号；
所述充电电流检测模块12用于检测所述DC-DC电路10的输出信号。
其中，DC-DC电路10的输出信号可以是电压信号也可以是电流信号。
在一个可能的实现方式中，如图3所示，所述充电电路还包括第一电感L1，所述第一电感L1的第一端与所述电源输入端相连接，所述第一电感L1的第二端与所述DC-DC电路的输入端相连接。
在一个可能的实现方式中，如图4所示，所述充电电路还包括第三开关管Q3，所述第三开关管Q3的第一端与所述第一电感L1的第二端相连接，所述第三开关管Q3的第二端与所
述充电控制模块相连接，所述第三开关管Q3的第三端口接地。图4中还包括有第四开关管Q4，该第四开关管Q4的第一端与电感L1的第二端相连接，第四开关管Q4的第二端与电阻R1的第一端相连接，第四开关管Q4的第三端与控制器单元相连接。
在一个可能的实现方式中，如图5所示，所述充电电路还包括第三电阻R3和第一电容C1，其中，
所述第三电阻R3的第一端与所述电源输入端相连接，所述第三电阻R3的第二端与所述第一电容C1的第一端、所述第一电感L1的第一端相连接，所述第一电容C1的第二端接地。
通过第三电阻R3和第一电容C1构成的滤波电路，可以对输入信号进行滤波处理，从而提升了对电池组进行充电时的可靠性。
具体的，本实施例的充电控制单元1采用DC-DC电路，把固定的输入电压，通过DC-DC转换成电池充电需要的电压和电流；同时，按照电池特性，充电控制部分会控制DC-DC电路的参数，完成电池要求的涓流-恒流-恒压的充电过程控制。
进一步的，电池电压检测单元2负责检测每节电池的电压，并根据检测结果，来控制充电控制电路的输出电压和电流；同时电池电压检测单元2也可以用于控制均衡控制单元3的开启或关闭。
进一步的，均衡控制单元3根据电池电压检测的结果，当达到均衡开启条件时，控制打开对应的均衡MOS管，通过均衡电阻来放电；同时，在开启均衡后，通知充电控制电路，把给电池的充电电流减小到均衡电流。
本实施例还提供一种充电装置，包括上述的充电电路。
一种充电电路的应用方法实施例，如图6所示：
本发明提供的一种充电电路的应用方法，应用于上述的充电电路，方法包括以下步骤：
步骤S1，通过电池电压检测单元2实时检测电池组电压。
步骤S2，判断电池组间压差是否超过阈值。
步骤S3，若判断结果为否，判断电池组间压差是否超过均衡开启电压。
步骤S4，若判断结果为是，则开启均衡控制单元3，向充电控制单元1发送均衡信号，执行步骤S5，把充电电流减小到均衡电流，以均衡电池电压。其中，在开启均衡控制单元3后，再次进入步骤S1，实时检测电池组电压。
在上述步骤S3中，若电池组间压差没有超过均衡开启电压，则执行步骤S6，判断电池组间压差是否小于均衡结束电压，如是，则执行步骤S7，把充电电流设为正常充电电流，进入正常充电状态。
在上述步骤中，在均衡控制单元3处于开启状态时，判断电池组间压差是否小于均衡结束电压，如是，则关闭均衡控制单元3，把充电电流设为正常充电电流，进入正常充电状态。
在上述步骤中，在实时检测电池组电压时，若确定电池组间压差超过阈值，则执行步骤S8，停止充电并报错。
在实际应用中，在电路没有接入电源VIN输入时，整个系统处于待机状态，以减小耗电。
当电源VIN接入后，会通过电池电压检测单元2实时检测每节电池的电压。
如果电池组中2节电池的压差过大，大于设定的最大压差△VMAX(一般为500mV)，说明电池没有接好或已经存在严重问题，需要停止充电并报错，以保证充电安全。
如果检测到电池间的压差大于设定的均衡开启电压△VCB_ON(一般为100mV)，说明电池间存在不均衡现象，控制打开均衡控制单元3，同时把充电电流减小到均衡电流，让电池电压高的电池不充电；等电池电压低的电池充上来后，电池间压差小于设定的均衡结束电
压△VCB_OFF(一般为10mV)，就关闭均衡控制单元3，同时把充电电流设为正常充电电流，进入正常充电状态。
由此可见，本发明提出了一种改善充电均衡效果的电路及方法，将充电电路和均衡电路结合在一起，在充电过程中，如果检测到电池组压差过大，出现不均衡现象时，就主动降低充电电流，同时打开均衡电路，只让电压较低的电池以较低的充电电流充电，直到电池组2节电池电压相等，在没有压差时，才继续以大电流开始充电。可以保证每次充电完成后，电池都是均衡的，可以避免出现即使开了均衡，但由于充电电流远大于均衡电流，导致充饱后的电池还是不均衡的现象，能够有效保护电池组的充放电安全，延长电池组的使用寿命。
所以，本发明提出的一种改善充电均衡效果的方法，通过在均衡开启时，降低充电电流，均衡结束后再恢复原来的充电电流，在正常充电电流远大于均衡电流时，可以显著的改善充电均衡的效果，可以保证每次充电完成后，电池间都没有明显的压差，基本是均衡的，有效解决了电池组中失效的单体电池对电池组整体使用效能的影响，大大提高了电池组的整体性能及使用寿命。
需要说明的是，以上仅为本发明的优选实施例，但发明的设计构思并不局限于此，凡利用此构思对本发明做出的非实质性修改，也均落入本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (7)
- 一种充电电路，其特征在于，所述电路包括：充电控制单元、电池电压检测单元、均衡控制单元和电池组，所述电池组包括第一电池和第二电池，所述均衡控制单元包括均衡控制模块、第一开关管Q1、第二开关管Q2、第一电阻R1和第二电阻R2，其中，所述充电控制单元的第一端与所述均衡控制模块的输出端相连接，所述充电控制单元的第二端与所述电池电压检测单元的第一输出端相连接，所述充电控制单元的第三端与所述电阻R1的第一端、所述第一电池的正极、所述电池电压检测单元的第一检测端口相连接，所述均衡控制模块的输入端与所述电池电压检测单元的第二输出端相连接，所述均衡控制模块的第一控制端口与所述第一开关管Q1的第一端口相连接，所述均衡控制模块的第二控制端口与所述第二开关管Q2的第一端口相连接，所述第一开关管Q1的第二端口与所述第一电阻R1的第一端相连接，所述第一开关管Q1的第三端口与所述第一电池的负极、所述第二开关管Q2的第二端口、所述第二电池的正极、所述电池电压检测单元的第二检测端口相连接，所述第二开关管Q2的第三端口与所述第二电阻R2的第一端相连接，所述第二电阻R2的第二端与所述第二电池的负极相连接且接地；所述电池电压检测单元用于获取电池组中的每个电池的电压，以及根据所述每个电池的电压确定均衡控制参数和充电参数；所述均衡控制单元根据所述均衡控制参数对所述电池组中的电池进行充电均衡控制；所述充电控制单元根据所述充电参数对所述电池组中的电池进行充电控制。
- 根据权利要求1所述的充电电路，其特征在于，所述充电控制单元包括DC-DC电路、充电控制模块和充电电流检测模块，其中，所述DC-DC电路的输入端与电源输入端相连接，所述DC-DC电路的输出端为所述充电控制单元的第三端；所述充电控制模块，用于根据接收到的所述电池电压检测单元获取的电压，控制所述DC-DC电路的输出信号；所述充电电流检测模块用于检测所述DC-DC电路的输出信号。
- 根据权利要求2所述的充电电路，其特征在于，所述充电电路还包括第一电感L1，所述第一电感L1的第一端与所述电源输入端相连接，所述第一电感L1的第二端与所述DC-DC电路的输入端相连接。
- 根据权利要求3所述的充电电路，其特征在于，所述充电电路还包括第三开关管Q3，所述第三开关管Q3的第一端与所述第一电感L1的第二端相连接，所述第三开关管Q3的第二端与所述充电控制模块相连接，所述第三开关管Q3的第三端口接地。
- 根据权利要求4所述的充电电路，其特征在于，所述充电电路还包括第三电阻R3和第一电容C1，其中，所述第三电阻R3的第一端与所述电源输入端相连接，所述第三电阻R3的第二端与所述第一电容C1的第一端、所述第一电感L1的第一端相连接，所述第一电容C1的第二端接地。
- 一种充电装置，其特征在于，所述装置包括如权利要求1-5中任一项所述的充电电路。
- 一种充电设备，其特征在于，所述设备包括壳体和权利要求6所述的充电装置。
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