WO2020019227A1 - 一种服装辅料用涤纶短纤维的生产工艺 - Google Patents

一种服装辅料用涤纶短纤维的生产工艺 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020019227A1
WO2020019227A1 PCT/CN2018/097155 CN2018097155W WO2020019227A1 WO 2020019227 A1 WO2020019227 A1 WO 2020019227A1 CN 2018097155 W CN2018097155 W CN 2018097155W WO 2020019227 A1 WO2020019227 A1 WO 2020019227A1
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parts
polyester staple
staple fibers
draft
fibers
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PCT/CN2018/097155
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English (en)
French (fr)
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蔡圣年
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南通天龙化纤有限公司
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Publication of WO2020019227A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020019227A1/zh

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D10/00—Physical treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture, i.e. during a continuous production process before the filaments have been collected
    • D01D10/02—Heat treatment
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
    • D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
    • D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F6/88—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polycondensation products as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds
    • D01F6/92—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polycondensation products as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds of polyesters

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fiber production process, in particular to a production process of polyester staple fibers for clothing accessories, and belongs to the technical field of chemical fiber products.
  • Polyester is an important variety in synthetic fibers. It is made from refined terephthalic acid (PTA) or dimethyl terephthalate (DMT) and ethylene glycol (MEG) through esterification or transesterification and polycondensation.
  • the resulting fiber-forming polymer, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is a fiber made by spinning and post-treatment.
  • Polyester staple fiber is a fiber obtained by cutting the tow spun. The fiber length is less than 38mm and it is in the form of rice grains or flakes. It is mainly supplied to the textile industry and can be used in clothing, accessories, sofas, carpets and other products. Its main quality is The indexes include linear density, breaking strength, elongation at break, and the like.
  • the invention patent with the application number of 2014101399818 discloses a modified polyester fiber and a preparation process thereof, and discloses a modified polyester fiber made of PET chips, glyceryl monostearate, hydroxyethyl cellulose, Chinese medicine extract,
  • the preparation of chitosan and titanium carbide powder mainly includes the following steps: 1) preparing a traditional Chinese medicine extract; 2) preparing a modifier and 3) preparing a modified polyester fiber.
  • it is also endowed with a health-care function. This is a new research direction for polyester staple fibers.
  • polyester staple fiber When polyester staple fiber is used in clothing, in addition to focusing on function, it is also important to focus on improving performance. For example, the optimization of shrinkage performance is the direction that has been discussed in the industry. Shrinkage will cause deformation of clothing, affect clothing quality and feel, and form a larger product. Therefore, it is necessary to optimize the performance of polyester staple fibers used in clothing accessories.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a production process of polyester staple fibers for clothing accessories.
  • the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
  • a production process of polyester staple fibers for clothing accessories is prepared from the following parts by weight of each raw material: 50 to 80 parts of PET chips, 20 to 40 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose, and 15 to 30 parts of polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fibers. 5 to 15 parts of glass fiber, 3 to 8 parts of polycarbonate, 2 to 5 parts of masterbatch, 1 to 3 parts of lubricant and 0.5 to 1.5 parts of compatibilizer; including the following steps:
  • Raw material cleaning Put carboxymethyl cellulose and PET chips into the cleaning solution, soak them for 4-12 hours, and then take them out to dry.
  • Carboxymethylcellulose is wound on the surface of the PET chip, put into a twin-screw extruder, extruded and pelletized to obtain modified raw materials;
  • the mass ratio of the PET slice to carboxymethyl cellulose is (1.5 to 2.5): 1.
  • the cleaning solution is a NaOH solution, which can effectively remove oil stains and the like on the fiber surface.
  • the aforementioned lubricant is paraffin or sodium stearate.
  • the aforementioned compatibilizer is a carboxylic acid-based or epoxy-based compatibilizer.
  • the screw rotation speed of the twin-screw extruder is 100 to 150 rpm, and the working temperature is 180 to 260 ° C.
  • the screw speed of the twin-screw extruder is 150-180 rpm
  • the working interval is divided into three temperature zones according to the material direction
  • the first temperature is 150-160 ° C
  • the second temperature is The operating temperature in the zone is 180 to 200 ° C
  • the operating temperature in the third temperature zone is 210 to 230 ° C.
  • the first draft is a lateral draft
  • the second draft is a longitudinal draft
  • both the first draft and the second draft are performed in a heat setting machine, and the heat setting temperature is 100 to 150 ° C.
  • the length of the obtained polyester staple fiber is 30-60 mm, and the boiling water shrinkage rate is less than 1.2%.
  • the invention is beneficial in that: in the production process of the polyester staple fiber of the invention, carboxymethyl cellulose is wound on the surface of the PET chip to obtain a modified raw material, and then extrusion, pelletizing, spinning, drawing Stretching and other operations, the final polyester staple fiber boiling water shrinkage is less than 1.2%, and the quality is better than similar products on the market.
  • polyester staple fiber product is prepared from the following raw materials by weight: 60 parts of PET chips, 30 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose, and polyacrylonitrile group. 20 parts of carbon fiber, 10 parts of glass fiber, 5 parts of polycarbonate, 3 parts of masterbatch, 2 parts of lubricant and 1 part of compatibilizer;
  • the specific process includes the following steps:
  • Raw material cleaning Put carboxymethylcellulose and PET chips into the cleaning solution, soak them for 8 hours, and take them out to dry.
  • the cleaning solution is NaOH solution, which has certain alkalinity to remove impurities such as oil on the surface;
  • Carboxymethylcellulose is wound on the surface of PET chips, put into a twin-screw extruder, and extruded and pelletized.
  • the screw speed of the twin-screw extruder is 150 rpm and the working temperature is 260 ° C to obtain modified raw materials;
  • the modified raw materials, polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fiber and glass fiber into the mixer and stir well, and then add polycarbonate, masterbatch, lubricant and compatibilizer to the mixture and put it into the twin-screw extruder.
  • the pellets are extruded and pelletized to obtain master batches.
  • the screw speed of the twin-screw extruder is 180 rpm, and the working area is divided into three temperature zones according to the material direction. The first temperature is 160 ° C and the second temperature zone. The working temperature is 190 ° C, and the third temperature zone is 220 ° C;
  • the lubricant is paraffin or sodium stearate
  • the compatibilizer is a carboxylic acid type or epoxy type compatibilizer.
  • polyester staple fibers for clothing accessories in this embodiment.
  • the obtained polyester staple fiber products are prepared from the following raw materials by weight: 50 parts of PET chips, 30 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose, and polyacrylonitrile-based 15 parts of carbon fiber, 5 parts of glass fiber, 5 parts of polycarbonate, 2 parts of masterbatch, 1 part of lubricant and 0.5 part of compatibilizer;
  • the specific process includes the following steps:
  • Raw material cleaning Put carboxymethylcellulose and PET chips into the cleaning solution, soak it for 4 hours, and take it out to dry.
  • the cleaning solution is NaOH solution, which has certain alkalinity to remove impurities such as surface oil;
  • the carboxymethyl cellulose is wound on the surface of the PET chip and put into a twin-screw extruder to extrude pellets.
  • the screw speed of the twin-screw extruder is 100 rpm and the working temperature is 180 ° C to obtain modified raw materials;
  • the screw speed of the twin-screw extruder is 150 rpm, and the working area is divided into three temperature zones according to the material direction. The first temperature is 150 ° C and the second temperature zone. The working temperature is 180 ° C, and the third temperature zone is 210 ° C;
  • the lubricant is paraffin or sodium stearate
  • the compatibilizer is a carboxylic acid type or epoxy type compatibilizer.
  • polyester staple fibers for clothing accessories in this embodiment.
  • the obtained polyester staple fiber products are prepared from the following raw materials by weight: 80 parts of PET chips, 40 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose, and polyacrylonitrile-based 30 parts of carbon fiber, 15 parts of glass fiber, 8 parts of polycarbonate, 5 parts of masterbatch, 3 parts of lubricant and 1.5 parts of compatibilizer;
  • the specific process includes the following steps:
  • Raw material cleaning Put carboxymethylcellulose and PET chips into the cleaning solution, soak it for 12 hours and take it out to dry.
  • the cleaning solution is NaOH solution, which has a certain alkalinity to remove impurities such as oil on the surface;
  • the carboxymethyl cellulose is wound on the surface of the PET chip, put into a twin-screw extruder, and extruded and pelletized.
  • the screw speed of the twin-screw extruder is 150 rpm and the working temperature is 220 ° C to obtain modified raw materials;
  • the modified raw materials, polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fiber and glass fiber into the mixer and stir well, and then add polycarbonate, masterbatch, lubricant and compatibilizer to the mixture and put it into the twin-screw extruder.
  • the pellets are extruded and pelletized to obtain master batches.
  • the screw speed of the twin-screw extruder is 180 rpm, and the working area is divided into three temperature zones according to the material direction. The first temperature is 160 ° C and the second temperature zone. The working temperature is 200 ° C, and the third temperature zone is 230 ° C;
  • the lubricant is paraffin or sodium stearate
  • the compatibilizer is a carboxylic acid type or epoxy type compatibilizer.
  • polyester staple fibers of this comparative example are the same as in Example 3, as follows: 80 parts of PET chips, 40 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose, 30 parts of polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fibers, and 15 parts of glass fibers 8 parts of polycarbonate, 5 parts of masterbatch, 3 parts of lubricant and 1.5 parts of compatibilizer;
  • these raw materials are directly extruded and pelletized by a twin-screw extruder to obtain master batches, including the following steps:
  • Raw material cleaning Put carboxymethyl cellulose and PET chips into the cleaning solution, soak it for 12 hours, and take it out to dry.
  • the cleaning solution is NaOH solution, which has certain alkalinity to remove impurities such as oil on the surface;
  • the finished fiber is crimped, cut and packaged to obtain polyester staple fiber.
  • Example 1 Example 2
  • Example 3 Comparative example First measurement 1.15% 1.16% 1.11% 1.58% Second measurement 1.08% 1.20% 1.07% 1.69% Third measurement 1.19% 1.11% 1.08% 1.62% average value 1.14% 1.157% 1.087% 1.63%
  • the boiling water shrinkage of the polyester staple fibers obtained in the examples of the present invention are all lower than 1.2%, which is significantly lower than the boiling water shrinkage of the comparative example, which is mainly because carboxymethyl cellulose is wound around PET chips.
  • the modified raw material made on the surface can give the product better resistance to boiling water shrinkage.
  • the polyester staple fiber has a better application range in clothing accessories. In addition to being suitable for general clothing, it can also be used for high-temperature ironing. High quality clothing.

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  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
  • Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)

Abstract

一种服装辅料用涤纶短纤维的生产工艺，由如下重量份的各原料制备而成：PET切片50～80份，羧甲基纤维素20～40份，聚丙烯腈基碳纤维15～30份，玻璃纤维5～15份，聚碳酸酯3～8份，色母粒2～5份，润滑剂1～3份及相容剂0.5～1.5份；包括如下步骤：S1、原料清洗；S2、制备改性原料；S3、制备母粒；S4、纺丝；S5、两次牵伸；S6、卷曲、切断并包装。该涤纶短纤维的生产工艺中，将羧甲基纤维素缠绕于PET切片表面，得到了改性原料，然后再进行挤出、切粒、纺丝、牵伸等操作，最终得到的涤纶短纤维沸水收缩率低于1.2％，品质优于市场上的同类产品。

Description

一种服装辅料用涤纶短纤维的生产工艺 技术领域
本发明涉及一种纤维生产工艺，具体涉及一种服装辅料用涤纶短纤维的生产工艺，属于化纤产品技术领域。
背景技术
涤纶是合成纤维中的一个重要品种，是以精对苯二甲酸(PTA)或对苯二甲酸二甲酯(DMT)和乙二醇(MEG)为原料经酯化或酯交换和缩聚反应而制得的成纤高聚物--聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)，经纺丝和后处理制成的纤维。涤纶短纤维是将纺成的丝束切断后得到的纤维，纤维长度在38mm以下，成米粒状或片状，主要供给纺织行业，可用于服装、饰品、沙发、地毯等产品中，其主要质量指标包括线密度、断裂强度、断裂伸长率等。
申请号为2014101399818的发明专利公布了一种改性涤纶纤维及其制备工艺，公开了一种改性涤纶纤维，由PET切片，单硬脂酸甘油酯，羟乙基纤维素，中药浸膏，壳聚糖以及碳化钛粉制备而成，主要包括如下步骤：1)制备中药浸膏；2)制备改性剂以及3)制备改性涤纶纤维。该涤纶短纤维除了机械强度得到提高外，还被赋予了保健功能。这是涤纶短纤维的一个新的研究方向，另外，诸如申请号为201510834948.1的发明专利公布的基于浸染工艺的纳米二氧化钛光催化剂负载方法，也是服装领域的热门方向。但是，上述技术都是侧重于材料的功能领域。
涤纶短纤维用在服装上时，除了注重功能外，更要注重性能提升，比如缩水性能的优化就是行业内一直探讨的方向，缩水会导致衣物变形，影响衣物质量和手感，对产品形成较大的负面影响，因而，有必要对服装辅料中用的涤纶短纤维进行性能优化探讨。
发明内容
为解决现有技术的不足，本发明的目的在于提供一种服装辅料用涤纶短纤维的生产工艺。
为了实现上述目标，本发明采用如下的技术方案：
一种服装辅料用涤纶短纤维的生产工艺，由如下重量份的各原料制备而成：PET切片50～80份，羧甲基纤维素20～40份，聚丙烯腈基碳纤维15～30份，玻璃纤维5～15份，聚碳酸酯3～8份，色母粒2～5份，润滑剂1～3份及相容剂0.5～1.5份；包括如下步骤：
S1、原料清洗：将羧甲基纤维素和PET切片投入清洗液中，浸泡4～12h后取出晾干；
S2、将羧甲基纤维素缠绕于PET切片表面，投入双螺杆挤出机中，挤出切粒，得到改性原料；
S3、将改性原料、聚丙烯腈基碳纤维及玻璃纤维倒入搅拌机中搅拌均匀，然后再向混合料中加入聚碳酸酯、色母粒、润滑剂及相容剂，投入双螺杆挤出机中，挤出切粒，得到母粒；
S4、纺丝：将母粒加入到纺丝机的箱体内，熔融制丝得到初纤维；
S5、两次牵伸：对初纤维通过导丝机引导，进行第一次牵伸；浸油后再进行第二次牵伸；
S6、牵伸完成后的纤维进行卷曲、切断并包装，得到涤纶短纤维。
优选地，前述PET切片与羧甲基纤维素的质量比为(1.5～2.5)：1。
更优选地，前述清洗液为NaOH溶液，能够有效去除纤维表面的油渍等。
再优选地，前述润滑剂为石蜡或硬脂酸钠。
更优选地，前述相容剂为羧酸型或环氧型相容剂。
进一步优选地，前述步骤S2中，双螺杆挤出机的螺杆转速为100～150rpm，工作温度为180～260℃。
更进一步优选地，前述步骤S3中，双螺杆挤出机的螺杆转速为150～180rpm，工作区间按物料进向分为三个温区，第一温度工作温度为150～160℃，第二温区工作温度为180～200℃，第三温区工作温度为210～230℃。
进一步优选地，前述步骤S5中，第一次牵伸为横向牵伸，第二次牵伸为纵向牵伸。
具体地，前述第一次牵伸和第二次牵伸均在热定型机中进行，热定型温度为100～150℃。
最终，得到的涤纶短纤维长度为30～60mm，沸水缩水率低于1.2％。
本发明的有益之处在于：本发明的涤纶短纤维的生产工艺中，将羧甲基纤维素缠绕于PET切片表面，得到了改性原料，然后再进行挤出、切粒、纺丝、牵伸等操作，最终得到的涤纶短纤维沸水收缩率低于1.2％，品质优于市场上的同类产品。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图和具体实施例对本发明作具体的介绍。
实施例1
本实施例的服装辅料用涤纶短纤维的生产工艺，所得到的涤纶短纤维产品是由如下重量份的各原料制备而成：PET切片60份，羧甲基纤维素30份，聚丙烯腈基碳纤维20份，玻璃纤维10份，聚碳酸酯5份，色母粒3份，润滑剂2份及相容剂1份；
具体工艺过程包括如下步骤：
S1、原料清洗：将羧甲基纤维素和PET切片投入清洗液中，浸泡8h后取出 晾干，清洗液为NaOH溶液，具有一定的碱性以去除表面油污等杂质；
S2、将羧甲基纤维素缠绕于PET切片表面，投入双螺杆挤出机中，挤出切粒，双螺杆挤出机的螺杆转速为150rpm，工作温度为260℃，得到改性原料；
S3、将改性原料、聚丙烯腈基碳纤维及玻璃纤维倒入搅拌机中搅拌均匀，然后再向混合料中加入聚碳酸酯、色母粒、润滑剂及相容剂，投入双螺杆挤出机中，挤出切粒，得到母粒；其中，双螺杆挤出机的螺杆转速为180rpm，工作区间按物料进向分为三个温区，第一温度工作温度为160℃，第二温区工作温度为190℃，第三温区工作温度为220℃；
S4、纺丝：将母粒加入到纺丝机的箱体内，熔融制丝得到初纤维；
S5、两次牵伸：对初纤维通过导丝机引导，进行第一次牵伸；浸油后再进行第二次牵伸，第一次牵伸为横向牵伸，第二次牵伸为纵向牵伸，两次牵伸均在热定型机中进行，热定型温度为120℃；
S6、牵伸完成后的纤维进行卷曲、切断并包装，得到涤纶短纤维。
具体到本实施例中，润滑剂为石蜡或硬脂酸钠，相容剂为羧酸型或环氧型相容剂。
实施例2
本实施例的服装辅料用涤纶短纤维的生产工艺，所得到的涤纶短纤维产品是由如下重量份的各原料制备而成：PET切片50份，羧甲基纤维素30份，聚丙烯腈基碳纤维15份，玻璃纤维5份，聚碳酸酯5份，色母粒2份，润滑剂1份及相容剂0.5份；
具体工艺过程包括如下步骤：
S1、原料清洗：将羧甲基纤维素和PET切片投入清洗液中，浸泡4h后取出晾干，清洗液为NaOH溶液，具有一定的碱性以去除表面油污等杂质；
S2、将羧甲基纤维素缠绕于PET切片表面，投入双螺杆挤出机中，挤出切粒，双螺杆挤出机的螺杆转速为100rpm，工作温度为180℃，得到改性原料；
S3、将改性原料、聚丙烯腈基碳纤维及玻璃纤维倒入搅拌机中搅拌均匀，然后再向混合料中加入聚碳酸酯、色母粒、润滑剂及相容剂，投入双螺杆挤出机中，挤出切粒，得到母粒；其中，双螺杆挤出机的螺杆转速为150rpm，工作区间按物料进向分为三个温区，第一温度工作温度为150℃，第二温区工作温度为180℃，第三温区工作温度为210℃；
S4、纺丝：将母粒加入到纺丝机的箱体内，熔融制丝得到初纤维；
S5、两次牵伸：对初纤维通过导丝机引导，进行第一次牵伸；浸油后再进行第二次牵伸，第一次牵伸为横向牵伸，第二次牵伸为纵向牵伸，两次牵伸均在热定型机中进行，热定型温度为100℃；
S6、牵伸完成后的纤维进行卷曲、切断并包装，得到涤纶短纤维。
具体到本实施例中，润滑剂为石蜡或硬脂酸钠，相容剂为羧酸型或环氧型相容剂。
实施例3
本实施例的服装辅料用涤纶短纤维的生产工艺，所得到的涤纶短纤维产品是由如下重量份的各原料制备而成：PET切片80份，羧甲基纤维素40份，聚丙烯腈基碳纤维30份，玻璃纤维15份，聚碳酸酯8份，色母粒5份，润滑剂3份及相容剂1.5份；
具体工艺过程包括如下步骤：
S1、原料清洗：将羧甲基纤维素和PET切片投入清洗液中，浸泡12h后取出晾干，清洗液为NaOH溶液，具有一定的碱性以去除表面油污等杂质；
S2、将羧甲基纤维素缠绕于PET切片表面，投入双螺杆挤出机中，挤出切 粒，双螺杆挤出机的螺杆转速为150rpm，工作温度为220℃，得到改性原料；
S3、将改性原料、聚丙烯腈基碳纤维及玻璃纤维倒入搅拌机中搅拌均匀，然后再向混合料中加入聚碳酸酯、色母粒、润滑剂及相容剂，投入双螺杆挤出机中，挤出切粒，得到母粒；其中，双螺杆挤出机的螺杆转速为180rpm，工作区间按物料进向分为三个温区，第一温度工作温度为160℃，第二温区工作温度为200℃，第三温区工作温度为230℃；
S4、纺丝：将母粒加入到纺丝机的箱体内，熔融制丝得到初纤维；
S5、两次牵伸：对初纤维通过导丝机引导，进行第一次牵伸；浸油后再进行第二次牵伸，第一次牵伸为横向牵伸，第二次牵伸为纵向牵伸，两次牵伸均在热定型机中进行，热定型温度为150℃；
S6、牵伸完成后的纤维进行卷曲、切断并包装，得到涤纶短纤维。
具体到本实施例中，润滑剂为石蜡或硬脂酸钠，相容剂为羧酸型或环氧型相容剂。
对比例
本对比例的涤纶短纤维所用原料和各原料的重量份均与实施例3相同，具体如下：PET切片80份，羧甲基纤维素40份，聚丙烯腈基碳纤维30份，玻璃纤维15份，聚碳酸酯8份，色母粒5份，润滑剂3份及相容剂1.5份；
具体工艺过程中，直接将这些原料采用双螺杆挤出机挤出切粒，得到母粒，包括如下步骤：
S1'、原料清洗：将羧甲基纤维素和PET切片投入清洗液中，浸泡12h后取出晾干，清洗液为NaOH溶液，具有一定的碱性以去除表面油污等杂质；
S2'、将PET切片、羧甲基纤维素、聚丙烯腈基碳纤维及玻璃纤维倒入搅拌机中搅拌均匀，然后再向混合料中加入聚碳酸酯、色母粒、润滑剂及相容剂， 投入双螺杆挤出机中，挤出切粒，得到母粒；其中，双螺杆挤出机的螺杆转速为180rpm，工作区间按物料进向分为三个温区，第一温度工作温度为160℃，第二温区工作温度为200℃，第三温区工作温度为230℃；
S3'、纺丝：将母粒加入到纺丝机的箱体内，熔融制丝得到初纤维；
S4'、两次牵伸：对初纤维通过导丝机引导，进行第一次牵伸；浸油后再进行第二次牵伸，第一次牵伸为横向牵伸，第二次牵伸为纵向牵伸，两次牵伸均在热定型机中进行，热定型温度为150℃；
S5'、牵伸完成后的纤维进行卷曲、切断并包装，得到涤纶短纤维。
性能检测
对实施例1-3及对比例的涤纶短纤维产品进行性能检测，重点检测产品的沸水收缩率，检测方法参见国标GB/T6505-2001《合成纤维长丝热收缩率试验方法》，通过在规定的预加张力条件下测试样品处理前后的长度来计算沸水收缩率，根据公式S＝{(L0-LS)/L0*100％}计算沸水收缩率，其中L0为初始长度，LS为收缩后长度，为了提高准确性和数据可靠性，每个实施例取三个样品进行测量，取平均值。
检测结果参见下表1：
实施例1 实施例2 实施例3 对比例
第一次测量 1.15％ 1.16％ 1.11％ 1.58％
第二次测量 1.08％ 1.20％ 1.07％ 1.69％
第三次测量 1.19％ 1.11％ 1.08％ 1.62％
平均值 1.14％ 1.157％ 1.087％ 1.63％
表1 实施例1～3及对比例的产品沸水收缩率对比
由上表可见，本发明的各实施例得到的涤纶短纤维的沸水缩水率均低于1.2％，显著低于对比例的沸水收缩率，这主要是因为将羧甲基纤维素缠绕于PET 切片表面制成的改性原料，能够赋予产品更好的抗沸水收缩率，该涤纶短纤维应用于衣物辅料中具有更好的适用范围，除了适用于一般衣物外，还能够适用于需要高温烫洗的高品质衣物。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理、主要特征和优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解，上述实施例不以任何形式限制本发明，凡采用等同替换或等效变换的方式所获得的技术方案，均落在本发明的保护范围内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种服装辅料用涤纶短纤维的生产工艺，其特征在于，由如下重量份的各原料制备而成：PET切片50～80份，羧甲基纤维素20～40份，聚丙烯腈基碳纤维15～30份，玻璃纤维5～15份，聚碳酸酯3～8份，色母粒2～5份，润滑剂1～3份及相容剂0.5～1.5份；
    包括如下步骤：
    S1、原料清洗：将羧甲基纤维素和PET切片投入清洗液中，浸泡4～12h后取出晾干；
    S2、将羧甲基纤维素缠绕于PET切片表面，投入双螺杆挤出机中，挤出切粒，得到改性原料；
    S3、将改性原料、聚丙烯腈基碳纤维及玻璃纤维倒入搅拌机中搅拌均匀，然后再向混合料中加入聚碳酸酯、色母粒、润滑剂及相容剂，投入双螺杆挤出机中，挤出切粒，得到母粒；
    S4、纺丝：将母粒加入到纺丝机的箱体内，熔融制丝得到初纤维；
    S5、两次牵伸：对初纤维通过导丝机引导，进行第一次牵伸；浸油后再进行第二次牵伸；
    S6、牵伸完成后的纤维进行卷曲、切断并包装，得到涤纶短纤维。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种服装辅料用涤纶短纤维的生产工艺，其特征在于，所述PET切片与羧甲基纤维素的质量比为(1.5～2.5)：1。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种服装辅料用涤纶短纤维的生产工艺，其特征在于，所述清洗液为NaOH溶液。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种服装辅料用涤纶短纤维的生产工艺，其特征在于，所述润滑剂为石蜡或硬脂酸钠。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种服装辅料用涤纶短纤维的生产工艺，其特征在于， 所述相容剂为羧酸型或环氧型相容剂。
  6. 根据权利要求1～5任一项所述的一种服装辅料用涤纶短纤维的生产工艺，其特征在于，所述步骤S2中，双螺杆挤出机的螺杆转速为100～150rpm，工作温度为180～260℃。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的一种服装辅料用涤纶短纤维的生产工艺，其特征在于，所述步骤S3中，双螺杆挤出机的螺杆转速为150～180rpm，工作区间按物料进向分为三个温区，第一温度工作温度为150～160℃，第二温区工作温度为180～200℃，第三温区工作温度为210～230℃。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的一种服装辅料用涤纶短纤维的生产工艺，其特征在于，所述步骤S5中，第一次牵伸为横向牵伸，第二次牵伸为纵向牵伸。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的一种服装辅料用涤纶短纤维的生产工艺，其特征在于，所述第一次牵伸和第二次牵伸均在热定型机中进行，热定型温度为100～150℃。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的一种服装辅料用涤纶短纤维的生产工艺，其特征在于，得到的涤纶短纤维长度为30～60mm，沸水缩水率低于1.2％。
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