WO2020015226A1

WO2020015226A1 - Abuse and over-discharge performance evaluation and capacity recovery method for lead-acid battery

Info

Publication number: WO2020015226A1
Application number: PCT/CN2018/112341
Authority: WO
Inventors: 薛奎网; 吴宏亮; 徐小亮; 曾刘芳; 刘巍; 杨宝峰; 刘志强
Original assignee: 双登集团股份有限公司
Priority date: 2018-07-19
Filing date: 2018-10-29
Publication date: 2020-01-23
Also published as: CN109116246A; CN109116246B; AU2018432963A1

Abstract

Disclosed in the present invention is an abuse and over-discharge performance evaluation for a lead-acid battery. The evaluation mainly obtains an abuse and over-discharge capacity rate Caod by means of an abuse and over-discharge performance test, and then obtains an over-discharge capacity attenuation rate Caoc by means of a cyclic over-discharge test. In the foregoing manner, the pros and cons of relevant design solutions and over-discharge capabilities are pre-evaluated. Also disclosed in the present invention is a capacity recovery method for a lead-acid battery after abuse and over-discharge. Said method activates a built-in active substance by means of deep discharge, thereby promoting backward battery capacity recovery. In general, the present invention employs a quantitative evaluation method which is simple and accurate, is timely, is beneficial for a guiding a design, and may significantly shorten the development cycle and reduce costs. By applying the present invention, a user may promptly optimize and adjust the operating efficiency of a matched battery pack.

Description

Method for evaluating over-discharge performance and capacity recovery of lead-acid battery

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of lead-acid batteries, and in particular, the present invention relates to an over-discharge performance evaluation of a lead-acid battery, and also relates to a capacity recovery method for a backward battery generated by over-discharge.

Background technique

[0002] There is a “bucket effect” in the use of lead-acid battery packs, that is, backward batteries pull down the performance indicators of other batteries. Due to the lack of prior evaluation methods for backward batteries in this industry, especially the over-discharge evaluation of lead-acid batteries, there is no method for capacity recovery of backward batteries. Therefore, it is often the case that the battery pack applied in the project fails to meet the expected performance indicators. Such technical problems are not easily solved, which may easily lead to supply-demand contradictions. In reality, there are certain differences in cycle life, over-discharge capability, and product consistency of lead-acid batteries produced according to different design schemes, and these differences cannot be quantitatively evaluated at the R & D and design stage. Only reliable data can be obtained by physical inspection.

Summary of invention

technical problem

[0003] Although physical detection with technology is easy to implement, simple in method, and accurate in data, the verification period is too long and the timeliness is poor, which is not conducive to guiding production. In addition, due to process errors in the manufacturing process of lead-acid batteries, there will also be minor performance differences. As long as the performance indicators are not excessive, they are all qualified products. However, the user has over-discharged or under-charged during use, which may easily lead to backward batteries. In view of the above two situations, it is necessary to study a method for evaluating the over-discharge performance and capacity recovery of lead-acid batteries, which is helpful for manufacturers to carry out comparative analysis and quantitative analysis of R & D solutions in a timely manner. Reducing blindness can shorten the R & D cycle and reduce R & D costs. On the other hand, it is also convenient for the user to recover the battery capacity in a timely manner, creating a good basic condition for improving the operating efficiency of the battery.

Problem solution

Technical solutions

[0004] The present invention is mainly directed to the problem of lack of a method for detecting the performance of lead-acid batteries in the industry, and proposes a method for evaluating the over-discharge performance of lead-acid storage batteries that is simple, easy to implement, and capable of quantitative analysis. this invention It also includes a capacity recovery method for the backward battery caused by abuse of overdischarge.

[0005] The present invention achieves the technical objectives through the following technical solutions.

[0006] The evaluation of over-discharge performance of lead-acid batteries is improved in that the evaluation is performed under the environment of 25 ° C ± 2 ° C, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0007] 1.1 According to the conventional configuration, select 6 lead-acid batteries of the same specification in series to form a group, first discharge I _lfl A, and then use 2.35V to limit the current to 21 _{1 ()} A for 16 hours;

[0008] 1.2. One of the lead-acid batteries is discharged by using an I _1Q A current alone for 4 hours, and then connected with other five fully-charged lead-acid batteries in series to form a battery pack;

[0009] 1.3. The battery pack is discharged with a current of I _{1 ()} A until the voltage of the five fully-charged lead-acid batteries, which had been fully charged, drops to a total voltage of 5 * 1.80V, the discharge is stopped, and the battery is allowed to stand for 2 hours;

[0010] 1.4. Charge the battery pack at a constant voltage of 2.35V / only, with a current limit of 2I _1Q A, and continuously charge for 144 hours;

[0011] 1.5. When the battery pack is discharged with I _{1 ()} A to a total voltage of 6 * 1.80V, a capacity test is performed and converted into 25

Capacity value in reference state at ° C;

[0012] 1.6. Calculate the ratio between the actual capacity of the battery pack and the rated capacity (: _{1 ()} , to obtain the abuse over-discharge capacity rate Caod;

[0013] 1.7, for the battery pack: UA enters discharge, the termination voltage is 6 * 1.4V;

[0014] 1.8, under constant voltage 6 * 2.35V, current limiting 2I _1Q A conditions, charge the battery pack for 36 hours;

[0015] 1.9, repeat steps 1.7 and 1.8 a total of 5 times;

[0016] 1.10. The battery pack is tested for capacity when UA discharges to a termination voltage of 6 * 1.80V;

[0017] 1.11 Calculate the ratio between the actual discharge capacity and the rated capacity of the battery pack to obtain the cycle overdischarge capacity attenuation rate Ca

OC o

[0018] The method for capacity recovery of lead-acid batteries after over-discharge is improved by the following steps:

[0019] 2.1 will overuse the over-discharged backward battery, I _{1 ()} A for deep discharge, the termination voltage is 1.25 V;

[0020] 2.2, under constant voltage 2.35V, current limiting 2I _1Q A conditions, continuous charging for 36 hours;

[0021] 2.3. Repeat steps 2.1 and 2.2 a total of 3 times;

[0022] 2.4. Discharge the battery to a termination voltage of 1.80 V with I _{1 ()} A, perform capacity detection, calculate the ratio between the actual discharge capacity and the rated capacity, and obtain the capacity recovery rate Caor after the repair. [0023]

The beneficial effects of the invention

Beneficial effect

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following positive effects:

[0025] 1. The method is reasonable, the steps are simple, and the operability is good;

[0026] 2. Accurately obtain the abused over-discharge capacity rate and cyclic over-discharge capacity decay rate through testing. This quantitative pre-evaluation method has high accuracy and is conducive to guiding the design in a timely manner so as to reduce the research and development cycle and cost;

[0027] 3. Provide users with a method for quickly evaluating the over-discharge performance of lead-acid batteries, and a method for recovering backward battery capacity, which can timely optimize and adjust the operating efficiency of the supporting battery pack.

The best embodiment for carrying out the invention

Best Mode of the Invention

[0028] The present invention is further explained by evaluating the abuse and overdischarge performance of lead-acid batteries with different design schemes.

[0029] Before the evaluation, the A design scheme and the B design scheme were selected to prepare samples respectively. In this embodiment, the sample specifications are 2V, 200AH lead-acid batteries, and the number is 9 each, and 6 of each scheme are used for the lead of the present invention. Acid battery over-discharge performance evaluation and capacity recovery method, the remaining 3 of each scheme are used for 100% DOD cycle life test.

[0030] To evaluate the over-discharge performance of lead-acid batteries, samples A and B are used to prepare samples, and the evaluation environment is 25 ° C ± 2 ° C. The specific steps are as follows:

[0031] 1.1 According to the conventional configuration, select 6 lead-acid batteries of the same specification in series to form a group, first perform: UA discharge, and then use 2.35V only current limiting 21 _{1 ()} A for 16 hours;

[0032] 1.2. One of the lead-acid batteries is discharged by using an I _{1 ()} A current alone for 4 hours, and then connected in series with other five fully-charged lead-acid batteries to form a battery pack;

[0033] 1.3. The battery pack is discharged with a current of I _{1 ()} A until the voltage of the five fully-charged lead-acid batteries, which had been fully charged, drops to a total voltage of 5 * 1.80V, the discharge is stopped, and the battery is left for 2 hours;

[0034] 1.4. Charge the battery pack at a constant voltage of 2.35V / only, with a current limit of 2I _1Q A, and continuously charge for 144 hours;

[0035] 1.5. When the battery pack is discharged with I _{1 ()} A to a total voltage of 6 * 1.80V, a capacity test is performed and converted into 25 Capacity value under the reference state of ° c;

[0036] 1.6. Calculate the ratio between the actual capacity of the battery pack and the rated capacity (: _{1 ()} , to obtain the abuse over-discharge capacity rate Caod;

[0037] 1.7, The battery pack is discharged with I _1Q A, and the termination voltage is 6 * 1.4V;

[0038] 1.8, under constant voltage 6 * 2.35V, current limiting 2I _1Q A conditions, charge the battery pack connection for 36 hours;

[0039] 1.9, repeat steps 1.7 and 1.8 a total of 5 times;

[0040] 1.10. When the battery pack is discharged with I _1Q A to a termination voltage of 6 * 1.80V, capacity detection is performed;

[0041] 1.11 Calculate the ratio between the actual discharge capacity and the rated capacity of the battery pack to obtain the cycle overdischarge capacity attenuation rate Ca

OC o

[0042] The capacity recovery method after over-discharge of a lead-acid battery must be performed after the above evaluation, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0043] 2.1 will overuse the over-discharged backward battery, I _{1 ()} A for deep discharge, the termination voltage is 1.25 V;

[0044] 2.2, under constant voltage 2.35 V, current limiting 2I _1Q A conditions, continuous charging for 36 hours;

[0045] 2.3. Repeat steps 2.1 and 2.2 a total of 3 times;

[0046] 2.4. Perform a capacity test with I _{1 ()} A discharged to a termination voltage of 1.80 V, calculate the ratio between the actual discharge capacity and the rated capacity, and obtain the repaired capacity recovery rate Caor.

[0047] After the samples of the A design plan and the samples of the B design plan are subjected to the above steps, the overdischarge capacity rate Caod, the cyclic overdischarge capacity decay rate Caoc, and the capacity recovery rate after repair are obtained.

[0048] Comparison Table of A and B Design Scheme Sample Abuse Overdischarge Performance Evaluation and Capacity Recovery Data

[0049]

[]

[Table 1]

[0050] In order to further verify the similarity between the test results of the present invention and the actual situation, a sample of the A design scheme and three samples reserved for the B design scheme were taken, and the 100% DOD cycle life test was performed respectively, and the specific test conditions and steps as follows:

[0051] First, the lead-acid battery sample was discharged at 20A until the termination voltage was 1.80V;

[0052] Then, it is continuously charged for 16 hours at a constant voltage of 7.05V and a current limit of 40A;

[0053] Repeat the above two steps until the capacity is less than 80% of the rated capacity.

[0054] Test results:

[0055] The 100% DOD cycle life of the sample discharge depth of the A design scheme is 507 times, and the 100% DOD cycle life of the sample discharge depth of the B design scheme is 302 times. By comparison, the A design sample is significantly better than the B design sample.

[0056] The present invention adopts a quantitative evaluation method, which is simple and accurate, and has good timeliness, which is beneficial to further guide the design, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the development cycle and cost. By applying the present invention, a user can recover the capacity of a backward battery generated by abuse of overdischarge, which is beneficial to timely and optimally adjusting the operating efficiency of the supporting battery pack.

Claims

The claim [claim 1] An evaluation of the abuse overdischarge performance of a lead-acid battery, which is characterized in that the evaluation is performed in an environment of 25 ° C ± 2 ° C, and the specific steps are as follows:

1.1 According to the conventional configuration, select 6 lead-acid batteries of the same specification in series to form a group, first discharge 1 _{1 ()} A, then use 2.35V to limit current 21 _{1 ()} A for 16 hours;

1.2. One of the lead-acid batteries can be discharged separately with I _{1 ()} A current for 4 hours, and then connected with other five fully-charged lead-acid batteries in series to form a battery pack;

1.3. The battery pack is discharged with a current of I _{1 ()} A, until the voltage of the five fully charged lead-acid batteries that have been fully charged drops to a total voltage of 5 * 1.80V, the discharge is stopped, and the battery is allowed to stand for 2 hours;

1.4. Charge the battery pack with a constant voltage of 2.35V / unit and current limit of 2I _{1 ()} A for 144 hours of continuous charging;

1.5. When the battery pack is discharged with I _{1 ()} A to a total voltage of 6 * 1.80V, conduct a capacity test and convert it into a capacity value under a reference state of 25 ° C;

1.6. Calculate the ratio between the actual discharge capacity and the rated capacity of the battery pack (: _{1 ()} , and obtain the abuse overdischarge capacity rate Caod;

1.7, the battery pack is discharged with I _{1 ()} A, and the termination voltage is 6 * 1.4V;

1.8. Charge the battery pack for 36 hours under the conditions of constant voltage 6 * 2.35V and current limit 2I _1Q A;

1.9. Repeat steps 1.7 and 1.8 a total of 5 times.

1.10. When the battery pack is discharged with I _{1 ()} A to the termination voltage of 6 * 1.80V, the capacity test is performed;

1.11 Calculate the ratio between the actual discharge capacity and rated capacity of the battery pack, and get the cycle overdischarge capacity reduction rate Caoc.

[Claim 2] The method for recovering the capacity of a lead-acid battery after overdischarging according to claim 1 is characterized in that the method is performed according to the following steps:

2.1 The over-discharged backward battery will be abused, and deep discharge will be performed at I mA with a termination voltage of 1.25 V

2.2. Continuous charging for 36 hours under the conditions of constant voltage of 2.35 V and current limit of 2I _1Q A;

2.3. Repeat steps 2.1 and 2.2 a total of 3 times.

2.4. Discharge from I _m A to the termination voltage of 1.80 V, perform capacity detection, and calculate the actual discharge capacity and The ratio of rated capacity to get the capacity recovery rate Caor after repair