WO2020009238A1 - 絶縁性粒子付き導電性粒子、導電材料及び接続構造体 - Google Patents
絶縁性粒子付き導電性粒子、導電材料及び接続構造体 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020009238A1 WO2020009238A1 PCT/JP2019/026895 JP2019026895W WO2020009238A1 WO 2020009238 A1 WO2020009238 A1 WO 2020009238A1 JP 2019026895 W JP2019026895 W JP 2019026895W WO 2020009238 A1 WO2020009238 A1 WO 2020009238A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J201/00—Adhesives based on unspecified macromolecular compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J9/00—Adhesives characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced, e.g. glue sticks
- C09J9/02—Electrically-conducting adhesives
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/20—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material
- H01B1/22—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material the conductive material comprising metals or alloys
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B5/00—Non-insulated conductors or conductive bodies characterised by their form
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B5/00—Non-insulated conductors or conductive bodies characterised by their form
- H01B5/16—Non-insulated conductors or conductive bodies characterised by their form comprising conductive material in insulating or poorly conductive material, e.g. conductive rubber
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R11/00—Individual connecting elements providing two or more spaced connecting locations for conductive members which are, or may be, thereby interconnected, e.g. end pieces for wires or cables supported by the wire or cable and having means for facilitating electrical connection to some other wire, terminal, or conductive member, blocks of binding posts
- H01R11/01—Individual connecting elements providing two or more spaced connecting locations for conductive members which are, or may be, thereby interconnected, e.g. end pieces for wires or cables supported by the wire or cable and having means for facilitating electrical connection to some other wire, terminal, or conductive member, blocks of binding posts characterised by the form or arrangement of the conductive interconnection between the connecting locations
Definitions
- the present invention relates to conductive particles with insulating particles in which insulating particles are arranged on the surface of the conductive particles.
- the present invention also relates to a conductive material and a connection structure using the conductive particles with insulating particles.
- anisotropic conductive materials such as anisotropic conductive paste and anisotropic conductive film are widely known.
- anisotropic conductive material conductive particles are dispersed in a binder resin.
- conductive particles obtained by subjecting a surface of a conductive layer to insulation treatment are used as the conductive particles.
- the anisotropic conductive material is used to obtain various connection structures.
- Examples of the connection using the anisotropic conductive material include connection between a flexible printed board and a glass substrate (FOG (Film @ on @ Glass)), connection between a semiconductor chip and a flexible printed board (COF (Chip @ on @ Film)), The connection between a semiconductor chip and a glass substrate (COG (Chip @ on Glass)), the connection between a flexible printed board and a glass epoxy substrate (FOB (Film @ on @ Board)), and the like can be given.
- conductive particles conductive particles with insulating particles in which insulating particles are arranged on the surface of the conductive particles may be used.
- coated conductive particles having an insulating layer disposed on the surface of the conductive layer may be used.
- Patent Document 1 discloses an insulating material including conductive particles having a conductive layer on the surface, and insulating particles attached to the surface of the conductive particles. Disclosed are conductive particles with particles. In the conductive particles with insulating particles, the insulating particles have a hydroxyl group directly bonded to a phosphorus atom or a hydroxyl group directly bonded to a silicon atom on the surface.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a conductive particle having conductive particles at least on the surface, a conductive particle main body with insulating particles having a plurality of insulating particles arranged on the surface of the conductive particles, And a coating covering the surface of the conductive particle-containing conductive particle main body.
- the coating has a first coating portion covering the conductive particles and a second coating portion covering the surface of the insulating particles.
- the thickness of the first coating portion is 1 / or less of the average particle diameter of the insulating particles.
- conductive connection is performed using a conductive material containing conductive particles
- a plurality of upper electrodes and a plurality of lower electrodes are electrically connected to each other to perform conductive connection.
- the conductive particles are desirably disposed between the upper and lower electrodes, and desirably not disposed between adjacent lateral electrodes. It is desirable that adjacent horizontal electrodes are not electrically connected.
- the conductive surface is coated with insulating particles, but after the conductive connection between the upper and lower electrodes to be connected, the laterally adjacent electrodes that must not be connected It may be difficult to suppress the electrical connection between them.
- conductive particles having a relatively large particle size it may be difficult to sufficiently increase the insulation reliability between adjacent lateral electrodes in a conductively connected connection structure.
- the insulating particles may be arranged on the surface of the conductive particles by using a coating such as an organic compound or an inorganic oxide.
- a coating such as an organic compound or an inorganic oxide.
- the insulating particles may not easily come off from the surface of the conductive particles at the time of conductive connection. In some cases, it is difficult to sufficiently improve the conduction reliability. With conventional conductive particles with insulating particles, it is difficult to effectively enhance the conduction reliability between upper and lower electrodes to be connected and the insulation reliability between laterally adjacent electrodes that must not be connected. There is.
- a conductive particle having a conductive portion on at least the surface comprising a plurality of insulating particles disposed on the surface of the conductive particles, the particle size of the insulating particles,
- the present invention provides conductive particles with insulating particles, which have a storage elastic modulus at 60 ° C. of not less than 500 nm and not more than 1500 nm, and a storage elastic modulus at 60 ° C. of not less than 100 MPa.
- the conductive particles have protrusions on an outer surface of the conductive portion.
- the ratio of the particle size of the conductive particles to the particle size of the insulating particles is 3 or more and 100 or less.
- the swelling ratio of the insulating particles is 1 to 2.5.
- the conductive particles with insulating particles according to the present invention 10% or more of the total number of the insulating particles, so that the conductive particles do not contact the other insulating particles, It is located on the surface.
- the particle size of the conductive particles is 1 ⁇ m or more and 50 ⁇ m or less.
- a conductive material including the above-described conductive particles with insulating particles and a binder resin.
- a first connection target member having a first electrode on a surface
- a second connection target member having a second electrode on a surface
- the first connection target member A connection portion connecting the second connection target member, wherein the material of the connection portion is the above-described conductive particles with insulating particles, or the conductive particles with insulating particles and a binder resin
- a connection structure wherein the first electrode and the second electrode are electrically connected to each other by the conductive portion of the conductive particles with insulating particles.
- the conductive particles with insulating particles according to the present invention include conductive particles having a conductive portion on at least the surface thereof, and a plurality of insulating particles disposed on the surface of the conductive particles.
- the particle diameter of the insulating particles is 500 nm or more and 1500 nm or less.
- the storage elastic modulus at 60 ° C. of the insulating particles is 100 MPa or more and 1000 MPa or less. Since the conductive particles with insulating particles according to the present invention have the above-described configuration, when the electrodes are electrically connected, the conduction reliability can be effectively improved, and the insulation reliability can be further improved. Sex can be effectively improved.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing conductive particles with insulating particles according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the conductive particles with insulating particles according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the conductive particles with insulating particles according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating a connection structure using the conductive particles with insulating particles according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the conductive particles with insulating particles according to the present invention include conductive particles having a conductive portion on at least a surface thereof, and a plurality of insulating particles disposed on the surface of the conductive particles.
- the particle diameter of the insulating particles is 500 nm or more and 1500 nm or less.
- the storage elastic modulus at 60 ° C. of the insulating particles is 100 MPa or more and 1000 MPa or less.
- the conductive particles with insulating particles according to the present invention have the above-described configuration, when the electrodes are electrically connected, the conduction reliability can be effectively improved, and the insulation reliability can be further improved. Sex can be effectively improved.
- the conductive surface is coated with insulating particles, but after the conductive connection between the upper and lower electrodes to be connected, the laterally adjacent electrodes that must not be connected It may be difficult to suppress the electrical connection between them.
- conductive particles having a relatively large particle diameter are used, there is a problem that the insulation reliability between adjacent lateral electrodes in the conductively connected connection structure cannot be sufficiently increased.
- the present inventors have conducted intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, and as a result, have found that the above-mentioned problems can be solved by using specific insulating particles.
- the specific insulating particles are used, the insulation reliability between the adjacent lateral electrodes in the conductively connected connection structure can be effectively increased.
- the insulating particles can be effectively arranged on the surface of the conductive particles. Therefore, it is necessary to use a coating such as an organic compound or an inorganic oxide. Absent. As a result, at the time of conductive connection, the insulating particles are easily detached from the surface of the conductive particles, and the conduction reliability between the upper and lower electrodes to be connected can be effectively improved. According to the present invention, conduction reliability between upper and lower electrodes to be connected and insulation reliability between laterally adjacent electrodes that should not be connected can be effectively improved.
- the coefficient of variation (CV value) of the particle diameter of the conductive particles with insulating particles is preferably 10% or less, more preferably 5% or less.
- the coefficient of variation (CV value) can be measured as follows.
- CV value (%) ( ⁇ / Dn) ⁇ 100 ⁇ : Standard deviation of particle size of conductive particles with insulating particles Dn: Average value of particle size of conductive particles with insulating particles
- the shape of the conductive particles with insulating particles is not particularly limited.
- the shape of the conductive particles with insulating particles may be spherical, may be other than spherical, or may be flat or the like.
- the conductive particles with insulating particles are dispersed in a binder resin and are suitably used for obtaining a conductive material.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing conductive particles with insulating particles according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the conductive particles with insulating particles 1 shown in FIG. 1 include conductive particles 2 and a plurality of insulating particles 3 arranged on the surface of the conductive particles 2.
- the insulating particles 3 are formed of a material having an insulating property.
- the conductive particles 2 have the base particles 11 and the conductive parts 12 arranged on the surface of the base particles 11.
- the conductive portion 12 is a conductive layer.
- the conductive portion 12 covers the surface of the base particle 11.
- the conductive particles 2 are coated particles in which the surfaces of the base particles 11 are coated with the conductive portions 12.
- the conductive particles 2 have a conductive portion 12 on the surface.
- the conductive portion may cover the entire surface of the base particle, or the conductive portion may cover a part of the surface of the base particle.
- the insulating particles are preferably arranged on the surface of the conductive part.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the conductive particles with insulating particles according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- the conductive particles with insulating particles 21 shown in FIG. 2 include conductive particles 22 and a plurality of insulating particles 3 arranged on the surface of the conductive particles 22.
- the conductive particles 22 have the base particles 11 and the conductive portions 31 arranged on the surface of the base particles 11.
- the conductive portion 31 is a conductive layer.
- the conductive particles 22 have a plurality of core substances 32 on the surface of the base particles 11.
- the conductive part 31 covers the base particles 11 and the core substance 32. Since the conductive portion 31 covers the core substance 32, the conductive particles 22 have a plurality of protrusions 33 on the surface.
- the surface of the conductive portion 31 is raised by the core substance 32, and a plurality of protrusions 33 are formed.
- the conductive portion may cover the entire surface of the base particle, or the conductive portion may cover a part of the surface of the base particle.
- the insulating particles are preferably arranged on the surface of the conductive part.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing conductive particles with insulating particles according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- the conductive particles 41 with insulating particles shown in FIG. 3 include conductive particles 42 and a plurality of insulating particles 3 arranged on the surface of the conductive particles 42.
- the conductive particles 42 have the base particles 11 and the conductive portions 51 arranged on the surface of the base particles 11.
- the conductive portion 51 is a conductive layer.
- the conductive particles 42 do not have a core material unlike the conductive particles 22.
- the conductive part 51 has a first part and a second part thicker than the first part.
- the conductive particles 42 have a plurality of protrusions 52 on the surface.
- the portion excluding the plurality of protrusions 52 is the first portion of the conductive portion 51.
- the plurality of protrusions 52 are the above-described second portions where the thickness of the conductive portion 51 is large.
- the conductive portion may cover the entire surface of the base particle, or the conductive portion may cover a part of the surface of the base particle.
- the insulating particles are preferably arranged on the surface of the conductive part.
- Conductive particles It is preferable that the conductive particles have base particles and a conductive part disposed on the surface of the base particles.
- the conductive portion may have a single-layer structure or a multilayer structure of two or more layers.
- the particle size of the conductive particles is preferably 1 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 10 ⁇ m or more, preferably 50 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 40 ⁇ m or less.
- the particle size of the conductive particles is equal to or greater than the lower limit and equal to or less than the upper limit, when connecting the electrodes using the conductive particles, the contact area between the conductive particles and the electrodes is sufficiently large, In addition, aggregated conductive particles are less likely to be formed when forming the conductive portion. Further, the distance between the electrodes connected via the conductive particles does not become too large, and the conductive portion does not easily peel off from the surface of the base particles.
- the particle diameter of the conductive particles is preferably an average particle diameter, and more preferably a number average particle diameter.
- the particle size of the conductive particles can be determined, for example, by observing 50 arbitrary conductive particles with an electron microscope or an optical microscope, calculating the average value of the particle size of each conductive particle, or measuring the particle size distribution by laser diffraction. Required.
- the particle diameter of the conductive particles is measured by a method of observing 50 arbitrary conductive particles with an electron microscope or an optical microscope, for example, the measurement can be performed as follows.
- the equivalent circle diameter of each conductive particle is measured as a particle diameter, and arithmetically averaged to obtain the particle diameter of the conductive particle.
- an embedded resin for conductive particle inspection with insulating particles may be produced.
- the coefficient of variation (CV value) of the particle size of the conductive particles is preferably 10% or less, more preferably 5% or less.
- the variation coefficient of the particle diameter of the conductive particles is equal to or less than the upper limit, the reliability of conduction between the electrodes and the reliability of insulation can be more effectively improved.
- the coefficient of variation (CV value) can be measured as follows.
- CV value (%) ( ⁇ / Dn) ⁇ 100 ⁇ : Standard deviation of particle size of conductive particles Dn: Average value of particle size of conductive particles
- the shape of the conductive particles is not particularly limited.
- the shape of the conductive particles may be spherical, may be other than spherical, or may be flat or the like.
- Base particles examples include resin particles, inorganic particles excluding metal particles, organic-inorganic hybrid particles, and metal particles.
- the base particles are preferably base particles excluding metal particles, more preferably resin particles, inorganic particles excluding metal particles, or organic-inorganic hybrid particles.
- the base particles may be base particles excluding inorganic particles.
- the base particles may be core-shell particles including a core and a shell disposed on the surface of the core.
- the core may be an organic core, and the shell may be an inorganic shell.
- the material of the resin particles include polyolefin resins such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyisobutylene, and polybutadiene; acrylic resins such as polymethyl methacrylate and polymethyl acrylate; polycarbonate, polyamide, Phenol formaldehyde resin, melamine formaldehyde resin, benzoguanamine formaldehyde resin, urea formaldehyde resin, phenol resin, melamine resin, benzoguanamine resin, urea resin, epoxy resin, unsaturated polyester resin, saturated polyester resin, polyethylene terephthalate, polysulfone, polyphenylene oxide, polyacetal, Polyimide, polyamide imide, polyetheretherketone, Polyether sulfone, divinyl benzene polymer, and divinylbenzene copolymer, and
- the divinylbenzene-based copolymer examples include a divinylbenzene-styrene copolymer and a divinylbenzene- (meth) acrylate copolymer. Since the hardness of the resin particles can be easily controlled to a suitable range, the material of the resin particles is a polymer obtained by polymerizing one or more polymerizable monomers having an ethylenically unsaturated group. Is preferred.
- the polymerizable monomer having an ethylenically unsaturated group includes a non-crosslinkable monomer. And a crosslinkable monomer.
- non-crosslinkable monomer examples include styrene monomers such as styrene and ⁇ -methylstyrene; carboxyl group-containing monomers such as (meth) acrylic acid, maleic acid, and maleic anhydride; Methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, propyl (meth) acrylate, butyl (meth) acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate, lauryl (meth) acrylate, cetyl (meth) acrylate, stearyl (meth) acrylate, Alkyl (meth) acrylate compounds such as cyclohexyl (meth) acrylate and isobornyl (meth) acrylate; 2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate, glycerol (meth) acrylate, polyoxyethylene (meth) acrylate, and glycidyl (meth) acryl
- crosslinkable monomer examples include tetramethylolmethanetetra (meth) acrylate, tetramethylolmethanetri (meth) acrylate, tetramethylolmethanedi (meth) acrylate, trimethylolpropanetri (meth) acrylate, and dipentane.
- (meth) acrylate refers to acrylate and methacrylate.
- (meth) acryl refers to acryl and methacryl.
- (meth) acryloyl refers to acryloyl and methacryloyl.
- the resin particles can be obtained by polymerizing the polymerizable monomer having an ethylenically unsaturated group by a known method.
- the method include a method of performing suspension polymerization in the presence of a radical polymerization initiator and a method of performing polymerization by swelling a monomer together with a radical polymerization initiator using non-crosslinked seed particles.
- the base particles are inorganic particles other than metal particles or organic-inorganic hybrid particles
- examples of the inorganic substance for forming the base particles include silica, alumina, barium titanate, zirconia, and carbon black. . It is preferable that the inorganic substance is not a metal.
- the particles formed of the silica are not particularly limited. For example, after hydrolyzing a silicon compound having two or more hydrolyzable alkoxysilyl groups to form crosslinked polymer particles, baking is optionally performed. Particles obtained by performing the method are mentioned.
- examples of the organic-inorganic hybrid particles include, for example, organic-inorganic hybrid particles formed of a crosslinked alkoxysilyl polymer and an acrylic resin.
- the organic-inorganic hybrid particles are preferably core-shell type organic-inorganic hybrid particles having a core and a shell disposed on the surface of the core.
- the core is an organic core.
- the shell is an inorganic shell.
- the base particles are preferably organic-inorganic hybrid particles having an organic core and an inorganic shell disposed on the surface of the organic core.
- Examples of the material of the organic core include the above-described materials of the resin particles.
- the inorganic substances mentioned as the material of the base particles described above can be used.
- the material of the inorganic shell is preferably silica.
- the above-mentioned inorganic shell is preferably formed on the surface of the above-mentioned core by turning a metal alkoxide into a shell-like material by a sol-gel method and then firing the shell-like material.
- the metal alkoxide is preferably a silane alkoxide.
- the inorganic shell is formed of a silane alkoxide.
- the base particles are metal particles
- examples of the metal as a material of the metal particles include silver, copper, nickel, silicon, gold, and titanium.
- the particle diameter of the base particles is preferably 0.6 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 0.8 ⁇ m or more, preferably 49.8 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 49.6 ⁇ m or less.
- the particle diameter of the base particles is equal to or greater than the lower limit and equal to or less than the upper limit, a small conductive particle can be obtained even if the distance between the electrodes is small and the thickness of the conductive portion (conductive layer or the like) is large.
- the conductive portion is formed on the surface of the base particles, it is difficult to aggregate, and the aggregated conductive particles are hardly formed.
- the particle diameter of the base particles is particularly preferably 0.9 ⁇ m or more and 49.9 ⁇ m or less.
- the particle diameter of the base particles is in the range of 0.9 ⁇ m or more and 49.9 ⁇ m or less, it becomes difficult to aggregate when forming a conductive part on the surface of the base particles, and aggregated conductive particles are formed. It becomes difficult.
- the particle diameter of the above-mentioned base particles indicates a number average particle diameter.
- the particle size of the base particles is determined using a particle size distribution measuring device or the like.
- the particle diameter of the base particles is obtained by observing 50 arbitrary base particles with an electron microscope or an optical microscope, calculating the average value of the particle diameters of the respective base particles, or performing a laser diffraction particle size distribution measurement. It is preferable to obtain the following.
- the particle diameter of the base particles is measured by a method of observing 50 arbitrary base particles of the conductive particles with an electron microscope or an optical microscope, the measurement can be performed, for example, as follows.
- the circle-equivalent diameter of the base particles in each conductive particle is measured as the particle diameter, and the arithmetic average thereof is used as the particle diameter of the base particles.
- an embedded resin for conductive particle inspection with insulating particles may be produced.
- the conductive particles have a conductive portion on at least the surface.
- the conductive portion includes a metal.
- the metal constituting the conductive portion is not particularly limited. Examples of the metal include gold, silver, copper, platinum, palladium, zinc, lead, aluminum, cobalt, indium, nickel, chromium, titanium, antimony, bismuth, germanium, cadmium, and alloys thereof. Further, tin-doped indium oxide (ITO) may be used as the metal.
- ITO tin-doped indium oxide
- One of the above metals may be used alone, or two or more thereof may be used in combination. From the viewpoint of further lowering the connection resistance between the electrodes, an alloy containing tin, nickel, palladium, copper or gold is preferable, and nickel or palladium is more preferable.
- the conductive portion and the outer surface portion of the conductive portion contain nickel.
- the content of nickel in 100% by weight of the conductive portion containing nickel is preferably at least 10% by weight, more preferably at least 50% by weight, still more preferably at least 60% by weight, further preferably at least 70% by weight, and particularly preferably. Is 90% by weight or more.
- the content of nickel in the conductive portion 100% by weight containing nickel may be 97% by weight or more, 97.5% by weight or more, or 98% by weight or more.
- a hydroxyl group often exists on the surface of the conductive portion due to oxidation.
- a hydroxyl group is present on the surface of a conductive portion formed of nickel due to oxidation.
- Insulating particles can be arranged on the surface of the conductive portion having such a hydroxyl group (the surface of the conductive particles) via a chemical bond.
- the conductive portion may be formed of one layer.
- the conductive portion may be formed of a plurality of layers. That is, the conductive portion may have a laminated structure of two or more layers.
- the metal constituting the outermost layer is preferably gold, nickel, palladium, copper or an alloy containing tin and silver, and is preferably gold. More preferred.
- the connection resistance between the electrodes is further reduced.
- the metal constituting the outermost layer is gold, the corrosion resistance is further improved.
- the method of forming the conductive portion on the surface of the base particles is not particularly limited.
- a method of forming the conductive portion for example, a method by electroless plating, a method by electroplating, a method by physical collision, a method by mechanochemical reaction, a method by physical vapor deposition or physical adsorption, and a metal powder or A method of coating the surface of the base particles with a paste containing a metal powder and a binder may be used.
- the method of forming the conductive portion is preferably an electroless plating, an electroplating, or a physical collision method. Examples of the method by physical vapor deposition include methods such as vacuum vapor deposition, ion plating, and ion sputtering. In the method based on the physical collision, for example, a sheeter composer (manufactured by Tokuju Kosakusho) or the like is used.
- the thickness of the conductive portion is preferably 0.005 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 0.01 ⁇ m or more, preferably 10 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 1 ⁇ m or less, and still more preferably 0.3 ⁇ m or less.
- the thickness of the conductive portion is equal to or greater than the lower limit and equal to or less than the upper limit, sufficient conductivity is obtained, and the conductive particles are not excessively hard, and the conductive particles are sufficiently formed at the time of connection between the electrodes. Can be deformed.
- the thickness of the outermost conductive portion is preferably 0.001 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 0.01 ⁇ m or more, preferably 0.5 ⁇ m or less, more preferably Is 0.1 ⁇ m or less.
- the thickness of the conductive portion of the outermost layer is equal to or more than the lower limit and equal to or less than the upper limit, the conductive portion of the outermost layer becomes uniform, the corrosion resistance becomes sufficiently high, and the connection resistance between the electrodes is sufficiently low. can do.
- the thickness of the conductive portion can be measured by observing a cross section of the conductive particles using, for example, a transmission electron microscope (TEM).
- TEM transmission electron microscope
- the conductive particles preferably have a plurality of protrusions on the outer surface of the conductive portion.
- An oxide film is often formed on the surface of the electrode connected by the conductive particles with insulating particles.
- the conductive particles with insulating particles are arranged between the electrodes and pressed together, so that the oxide film is effectively formed by the protrusions. Can be eliminated. For this reason, the electrode and the conductive portion are more securely in contact with each other, and the connection resistance between the electrodes is further reduced.
- the protrusions of the conductive particles can effectively eliminate the insulating particles between the conductive particles and the electrodes. For this reason, the conduction reliability between the electrodes is further improved.
- a core substance is disposed on the first conductive portion, and then the second conductive portion is formed.
- a method of adding a core substance in the middle of forming a conductive part (such as the first conductive part or the second conductive part) on the surface of the base particles is also used. Also, in order to form projections, without using the above-mentioned core substance, after forming a conductive portion on the base particles by electroless plating, plating is deposited in the form of protrusions on the surface of the conductive portion, and further electroless plating is performed. May be used to form a conductive portion.
- the method of attaching the core substance to the surface of the base particles for example, in a dispersion of the base particles, the core substance is added, the core substance is accumulated on the surface of the base particles by van der Waals force
- the method include a method of attaching the core substance to a container containing the base particles, and a method of attaching the core substance to the surface of the base particles by mechanical action such as rotation of the container.
- the method of attaching the core material to the surface of the base particles is a method of accumulating and attaching the core material to the surface of the base particles in the dispersion. preferable.
- Examples of the substance constituting the core substance include a conductive substance and a non-conductive substance.
- Examples of the conductive material include metals, metal oxides, conductive nonmetals such as graphite, and conductive polymers.
- Examples of the conductive polymer include polyacetylene.
- Examples of the non-conductive substance include silica, alumina, and zirconia. From the viewpoint of further improving the conduction reliability between the electrodes, the core material is preferably a metal.
- the metal is not particularly limited.
- the metal include metals such as gold, silver, copper, platinum, zinc, iron, lead, tin, aluminum, cobalt, indium, nickel, chromium, titanium, antimony, bismuth, germanium, and cadmium, and tin-lead. Alloys, such as alloys, tin-copper alloys, tin-silver alloys, tin-lead-silver alloys, and alloys composed of two or more metals such as tungsten carbide. From the viewpoint of further improving the conduction reliability between the electrodes, the metal is preferably nickel, copper, silver or gold. The metal may be the same as or different from the metal forming the conductive portion (conductive layer).
- the shape of the core material is not particularly limited.
- the shape of the core material is preferably a lump.
- Examples of the core substance include a particulate mass, an aggregate obtained by aggregating a plurality of fine particles, and an irregular mass.
- the particle diameter (average particle diameter) of the core material is preferably 0.001 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 0.05 ⁇ m or more, preferably 0.9 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 0.2 ⁇ m or less.
- the particle diameter of the core material is equal to or greater than the lower limit and equal to or less than the upper limit, the connection resistance between the electrodes can be effectively reduced.
- the core material preferably has an average particle size, more preferably a number average particle size.
- the particle size of the core material is, for example, observing 50 arbitrary core materials with an electron microscope or an optical microscope, calculating the average value of the particle size of each core material, or performing laser diffraction type particle size distribution measurement.
- the measurement can be performed, for example, as follows.
- the conductive particles are added to “Technobit 4000” manufactured by Kulzer so as to have a content of 30% by weight and dispersed to prepare an embedded resin for conductive particle inspection.
- the cross section of the conductive particles is cut out using an ion milling apparatus (“IM4000” manufactured by Hitachi High-Technologies Corporation) so as to pass near the center of the conductive particles dispersed in the resin for inspection.
- IM4000 manufactured by Hitachi High-Technologies Corporation
- FE-SEM field emission scanning electron microscope
- the circle-equivalent diameter of the core substance in each conductive particle is measured as the particle diameter, and these are arithmetically averaged to obtain the particle diameter of the core substance.
- an embedded resin for conductive particle inspection with insulating particles may be produced.
- the conductive particles with insulating particles according to the present invention include a plurality of insulating particles disposed on the surface of the conductive particles.
- a short circuit between adjacent electrodes can be prevented.
- insulating particles exist between the plurality of electrodes, thereby preventing a short circuit between horizontally adjacent electrodes instead of between upper and lower electrodes. it can.
- the insulating particles between the conductive portion of the conductive particles and the electrode can be easily removed.
- insulating particles between the conductive portion and the electrode of the conductive particles can be more easily removed.
- the particle size of the insulating particles is 500 nm or more and 1500 nm or less.
- the insulating particles are relatively large. For this reason, even when the conductive particles having a relatively large particle diameter are used, the insulation reliability between the adjacent lateral electrodes in the conductively connected connection structure can be more effectively increased. .
- the particle size of the insulating particles can be appropriately selected depending on the particle size of the conductive particles with the insulating particles, the use of the conductive particles with the insulating particles, and the like.
- the particle diameter of the insulating particles preferably exceeds 540 nm, more preferably 550 nm or more, further preferably 700 nm or more, particularly preferably 800 nm or more, preferably 1500 nm or less, more preferably 1200 nm or less, and still more preferably. It is less than 1000 nm, more preferably 900 nm or less, even more preferably 850 nm or less.
- the particle diameter of the insulating particles satisfies the lower limit
- the conductive portions of the plurality of conductive particles with the insulating particles contact each other. It becomes difficult to do.
- the particle size of the insulating particles satisfies the upper limit
- in connecting the electrodes in order to eliminate the insulating particles between the electrode and the conductive particles, it is not necessary to increase the pressure too high, There is no need to heat to high temperatures.
- the particle size of the insulating particles satisfies the lower limit and the upper limit, the insulation reliability can be more effectively improved when the electrodes are electrically connected.
- the particle size of the insulating particles is preferably an average particle size, and more preferably a number average particle size.
- the particle size of the insulating particles is determined using a particle size distribution analyzer or the like.
- the particle diameter of the insulating particles is preferably determined by observing 50 arbitrary insulating particles with an electron microscope or an optical microscope, calculating an average value, or performing a laser diffraction particle size distribution measurement. In the conductive particles with the insulating particles, by measuring the particle size of the insulating particles by a method of observing 50 arbitrary insulating particles with an electron microscope or an optical microscope, for example, as follows Can be measured.
- the conductive particles with insulating particles are added to “Technobit 4000” manufactured by Kulzer Co., Ltd. so as to have a content of 30% by weight, and dispersed to prepare an embedded resin for conductive particle inspection.
- IM4000 manufactured by Hitachi High-Technologies Corporation
- the cross section of the conductive particles with insulating particles is passed through the vicinity of the center of the conductive particles with insulating particles dispersed in the resin for inspection. cut.
- FE-SEM field emission scanning electron microscope
- the equivalent circle diameter of the insulating particles in each of the conductive particles with the insulating particles is measured as the particle diameter, and arithmetically averaged to obtain the particle diameter of the insulating particles.
- the ratio of the particle size of the conductive particles to the particle size of the insulating particles is preferably 3 or more, more preferably 6 or more, and still more preferably 16 or more. It is preferably at most 100, more preferably at most 55, even more preferably at most 30.
- the storage elastic modulus at 60 ° C. of the insulating particles is 100 MPa or more and 1000 MPa or less.
- the storage elastic modulus at 60 ° C. of the insulating particles is preferably 300 MPa or more, more preferably 500 MPa or more, preferably 950 MPa or less, more preferably 900 MPa or less.
- the storage elastic modulus at 60 ° C. of the insulating particles is equal to or higher than the lower limit and equal to or lower than the upper limit, when the electrodes are electrically connected, the insulation reliability and the conduction reliability are more effectively increased. Can be.
- the storage elastic modulus at 60 ° C. of the insulating particles can be measured by a dynamic viscoelasticity measurement device (“RSA3” manufactured by TA Instruments).
- the measurement by the above dynamic viscoelasticity measuring device is performed by using a measurement sample having a length of 10 mm, a width of 1 mm to 10 mm, and a thickness of 15 mm to 50 mm, a frequency of 10 Hz, a strain of 1%, a temperature of -10 ° C. to 210 ° C., and a heating rate. It is performed under the condition of 5 ° C./min. From the measurement results, the storage modulus at 60 ° C. is calculated.
- the measurement sample is manufactured using the same raw material as the insulating particles (material constituting the insulating particles).
- the insulating particles exhibit flexibility at 60 ° C.
- the storage elastic modulus at 60 ° C. of the insulating particles is in the above-mentioned preferable range, the insulating particles exhibit very flexible properties at 60 ° C.
- the temperature at which the insulating particles are arranged on the surface of the conductive particles is about 60 ° C., when the insulating particles are arranged on the surface of the conductive particles, The particles become very flexible and can be easily placed on the surface of the conductive particles.
- the insulating particles can be easily arranged on the surface of the conductive particles, there is no need to use a coating of an organic compound, an inorganic oxide, or the like. For this reason, at the time of conductive connection, the insulating particles are likely to come off from the surface of the conductive particles, and the conduction reliability between the upper and lower electrodes to be connected can be effectively increased.
- the following method can be used as a method for adjusting the storage elastic modulus at 60 ° C of the insulating particles to 100 MPa or more and 1000 MPa or less.
- a method for producing insulating particles by adjusting the glass transition temperature of a monomer A method for producing insulating particles by mixing a main monomer and a monomer having a glass transition temperature different from the glass transition temperature of the main monomer.
- a method using insulating particles having a hollow structure A method using insulating particles formed of an organic compound different from both ceramics and silica. Other methods may be used.
- the insulating particles are preferably obtained by polymerizing a polymerizable compound.
- the polymerizable compound include the above-described materials of the resin particles.
- the side chain of the polymerizable compound is preferably long. Since the polymerizable compound has a long side chain, insulating particles that exhibit more flexible properties can be obtained. Further, as described above, the insulating particles are relatively large. In order to obtain insulating particles having a large particle diameter, it is preferable that the side chain of the polymerizable compound is short.
- insulating particles with a large particle diameter can be easily obtained, but the insulating particles obtained with the polymerizable compound with a short side chain exhibit flexible properties. It is difficult to do so. Therefore, as a method for imparting flexibility to the insulating particles obtained from the polymerizable compound having a short side chain, a polymerizable compound having a short side chain is not involved in the polymerization of the polymerizable compound, and an epoxy group or the like is not involved. And a method of introducing a reactive functional group having a reactivity with.
- the polymerizable compound having a short side chain is polymerized to obtain insulating particles, and then the reactive functional group and a compound having a long chain length are obtained. Is reacted, so that the insulating particles can be given a soft property. As a result, insulating particles can be easily arranged on the surface of the conductive particles.
- the swelling ratio of the insulating particles is preferably 1 or more, more preferably 1.2 or more, preferably 2.5 or less, more preferably 2 or less.
- the swelling ratio is not less than the lower limit, the insulating particles can be more easily arranged on the surface of the conductive particles.
- the swelling ratio is equal to or less than the upper limit, insulation reliability and conduction reliability can be more effectively improved when the electrodes are electrically connected.
- the swelling ratio is an index of the flexibility of the insulating particles. The higher the swelling ratio, the softer the insulating particles.
- the swelling ratio can be measured as follows.
- a measurement sample having a length of 10 mm, a width of 5 mm, and a thickness of 0.5 mm is prepared using the same raw material as the insulating particles (the material constituting the insulating particles).
- the weight of the obtained measurement sample is measured, and the sample is immersed in 100 g of toluene at 25 ° C. for 20 hours. Thereafter, the measurement sample is taken out, dried at 160 ° C. for 30 minutes, and the weight of the dried measurement sample is measured. From the weight change of the measurement sample before and after immersion in toluene, the swelling ratio can be calculated by the following equation (1).
- ⁇ Swelling ratio [weight of measurement sample after immersion in toluene (g) / weight of measurement sample before immersion in toluene (g)] ⁇ Formula (1)
- the conductive particles are arranged on the surface of the conductive particles so as not to come into contact with the conductive particles. From the viewpoint of more effectively improving the insulation reliability and conduction reliability when the electrodes are electrically connected, 30% or more of the total number of the insulating particles is equal to or greater than that of the other insulating particles. It is more preferable that the conductive particles are disposed on the surface of the conductive particles so as not to come into contact with the conductive particles.
- the ratio of the number of insulating particles that are not in contact with other insulating particles is preferably calculated by observing 20 conductive particles with insulating particles with a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Specifically, the conductive particles with insulating particles are observed from one direction with a scanning electron microscope (SEM), and the number of insulating particles in each conductive particle with insulating particles, and contact with other insulating particles It is preferable to calculate the number of insulating particles that have not been used and calculate the average value.
- SEM scanning electron microscope
- an insulating resin or the like can be given as a material constituting the insulating particles.
- the insulating resin include materials of resin particles that can be used as base particles.
- the insulating resin as the material of the insulating particles include polyolefin compounds, (meth) acrylate polymers, (meth) acrylate copolymers, block polymers, thermoplastic resins, crosslinked thermoplastic resins, Curable resins and water-soluble resins are exemplified.
- Examples of the polyolefin compound include polyethylene, an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, and an ethylene-acrylate copolymer.
- Examples of the (meth) acrylate polymer include polymethyl (meth) acrylate, polyethyl (meth) acrylate, and polybutyl (meth) acrylate.
- Examples of the block polymer include polystyrene, styrene-acrylate copolymer, SB-type styrene-butadiene block copolymer, SBS-type styrene-butadiene block copolymer, and hydrogenated products thereof.
- Examples of the thermoplastic resin include a vinyl polymer and a vinyl copolymer.
- thermosetting resin examples include an epoxy resin, a phenol resin, and a melamine resin.
- water-soluble resin examples include polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylic acid, polyacrylamide, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyethylene oxide, and methyl cellulose.
- the material constituting the insulating particles preferably contains a crosslinking agent.
- the crosslinking agent is a bifunctional to hexafunctional crosslinking agent.
- the bifunctional to hexafunctional crosslinking agent is preferably a difunctional to hexafunctional (meth) acrylate monomer, more preferably a difunctional to tetrafunctional (meth) acrylate monomer. More preferably, it is a functional (meth) acrylate monomer.
- the bifunctional to hexafunctional (meth) acrylate monomer is preferably trimethylolpropane triacrylate, pentaerythritol tetraacrylate, dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate or ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, and more preferably ethylene glycol dimethacrylate.
- the content of the cross-linking agent is determined based on 100 parts by weight of the material having the highest content among the materials constituting the insulating particles.
- the amount is preferably at least 0.001 part by weight, more preferably at least 0.01 part by weight, even more preferably at least 0.1 part by weight.
- the content of the cross-linking agent is determined based on 100 parts by weight of the material having the highest content among the materials constituting the insulating particles.
- the amount is preferably at most 20 parts by weight, more preferably at most 10 parts by weight, even more preferably at most 6 parts by weight.
- Examples of a method for disposing the insulating particles on the surface of the conductive portion include a chemical method and a physical or mechanical method.
- Examples of the chemical method include an interfacial polymerization method, a suspension polymerization method in the presence of particles, and an emulsion polymerization method.
- Examples of the physical or mechanical method include spray drying, hybridization, electrostatic adhesion, spraying, dipping, and vacuum deposition.
- the method of arranging the insulating particles on the surface of the conductive portion is a physical method. Preferably, there is.
- the outer surface of the conductive portion and the outer surface of the insulating particles may be respectively coated with a compound having a reactive functional group.
- the outer surface of the conductive part and the outer surface of the insulating particles may not be directly chemically bonded, but may be indirectly chemically bonded by a compound having a reactive functional group.
- the carboxyl group may be chemically bonded to a functional group on the outer surface of the insulating particles via a polymer electrolyte such as polyethyleneimine.
- two or more kinds of insulating particles having different particle diameters may be used in combination.
- the insulating particles having a small particle size enter the gaps covered with the insulating particles having a large particle size, and the covering ratio is more effectively improved. Can be enhanced.
- the coefficient of variation (CV value) of the particle size of the insulating particles is preferably 20% or less.
- the variation coefficient of the particle size of the insulating particles is equal to or less than the upper limit, the thickness of the portion covered by the insulating particles of the obtained conductive particles with the insulating particles becomes more uniform, and in the case of conductive connection, The pressure can be evenly more easily applied uniformly, and the connection resistance between the electrodes can be further reduced.
- the coefficient of variation (CV value) can be measured as follows.
- CV value (%) ( ⁇ / Dn) ⁇ 100 ⁇ : Standard deviation of particle diameter of insulating particles Dn: Average value of particle diameter of insulating particles
- the shape of the insulating particles is not particularly limited.
- the shape of the insulating particles may be spherical, may be other than spherical, or may be flat or the like.
- the conductive material according to the present invention includes the above-described conductive particles with insulating particles and a binder resin.
- the conductive particles with insulating particles are preferably used by being dispersed in a binder resin, and are preferably used by being dispersed in a binder resin as a conductive material.
- the conductive material is preferably an anisotropic conductive material.
- the conductive material is preferably used for electrical connection between electrodes.
- the conductive material is preferably a circuit-connecting conductive material. In the above-mentioned conductive material, since the above-mentioned conductive particles with insulating particles are used, the reliability of insulation and conduction between electrodes can be further improved.
- the binder resin is not particularly limited.
- the binder resin a known insulating resin is used.
- the binder resin preferably contains a thermoplastic component (thermoplastic compound) or a curable component, and more preferably contains a curable component.
- the curable component include a photocurable component and a thermosetting component.
- the photocurable component preferably contains a photocurable compound and a photopolymerization initiator.
- the thermosetting component preferably contains a thermosetting compound and a thermosetting agent.
- binder resin examples include a vinyl resin, a thermoplastic resin, a curable resin, a thermoplastic block copolymer, and an elastomer.
- the binder resin may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- Examples of the vinyl resin include vinyl acetate resin, acrylic resin, and styrene resin.
- examples of the thermoplastic resin include a polyolefin resin, an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, and a polyamide resin.
- examples of the curable resin include an epoxy resin, a urethane resin, a polyimide resin, and an unsaturated polyester resin.
- the curable resin may be a room temperature curable resin, a thermosetting resin, a light curable resin, or a moisture curable resin.
- the curable resin may be used in combination with a curing agent.
- thermoplastic block copolymer examples include styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer, styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymer, hydrogenated styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer, and styrene-isoprene.
- the elastomer examples include styrene-butadiene copolymer rubber and acrylonitrile-styrene block copolymer rubber.
- the conductive material may be, for example, a filler, a bulking agent, a softener, a plasticizer, a polymerization catalyst, a curing catalyst, a coloring agent, an antioxidant, and a heat stable material, in addition to the conductive particles with the insulating particles and the binder resin. It may contain various additives such as an agent, a light stabilizer, an ultraviolet absorber, a lubricant, an antistatic agent, and a flame retardant.
- the method of dispersing the conductive particles with insulating particles in the binder resin may be a conventionally known dispersion method, and is not particularly limited.
- Examples of a method for dispersing the conductive particles with insulating particles in the binder resin include the following methods. A method in which the conductive particles with insulating particles are added to the binder resin, and then kneaded and dispersed with a planetary mixer or the like. A method in which the conductive particles with insulating particles are uniformly dispersed in water or an organic solvent using a homogenizer or the like, then added to the binder resin, and kneaded and dispersed with a planetary mixer or the like. After diluting the binder resin with water or an organic solvent, the conductive particles with insulating particles are added, and the mixture is kneaded and dispersed by a planetary mixer or the like.
- the viscosity ( ⁇ 25) at 25 ° C of the conductive material is preferably 30 Pa ⁇ s or more, more preferably 50 Pa ⁇ s or more, preferably 400 Pa ⁇ s or less, more preferably 300 Pa ⁇ s or less.
- the viscosity of the conductive material at 25 ° C. is equal to or higher than the lower limit and equal to or lower than the upper limit, the insulation reliability between the electrodes can be more effectively increased, and the conduction reliability between the electrodes can be more effectively improved. Can be increased.
- the viscosity ( ⁇ 25) can be appropriately adjusted depending on the types and amounts of the components.
- the viscosity ( ⁇ 25) can be measured, for example, using an E-type viscometer (“TVE22L” manufactured by Toki Sangyo Co., Ltd.) at 25 ° C. and 5 rpm.
- E-type viscometer (“TVE22L” manufactured by Toki Sangyo Co., Ltd.) at 25 ° C. and 5 rpm.
- the conductive material according to the present invention can be used as a conductive paste and a conductive film.
- the conductive material according to the present invention is a conductive film
- a film containing no conductive particles may be laminated on a conductive film containing conductive particles.
- the conductive paste is preferably an anisotropic conductive paste.
- the conductive film is preferably an anisotropic conductive film.
- the content of the binder resin in 100% by weight of the conductive material is preferably 10% by weight or more, more preferably 30% by weight or more, further preferably 50% by weight or more, particularly preferably 70% by weight or more, and preferably Is 99.99% by weight or less, more preferably 99.9% by weight or less.
- the content of the binder resin is equal to or more than the lower limit and equal to or less than the upper limit, conductive particles are efficiently arranged between the electrodes, and the connection reliability of the connection target member connected by the conductive material is further increased. Can be.
- the content of the conductive particles with insulating particles in 100% by weight of the conductive material is preferably 0.01% by weight or more, more preferably 0.1% by weight or more, and preferably 80% by weight or less. It is preferably at most 60% by weight, more preferably at most 40% by weight, particularly preferably at most 20% by weight, most preferably at most 10% by weight.
- the content of the conductive particles with insulating particles is equal to or more than the lower limit and equal to or less than the upper limit, the reliability of conduction between the electrodes and the reliability of insulation can be further improved.
- connection structure includes a first connection target member having a first electrode on the surface, a second connection target member having a second electrode on the surface, the first connection target member, And a connecting portion connecting the second connection target member.
- the material of the connection portion is the above-described conductive particles with insulating particles, or a conductive material containing the above-described conductive particles with insulating particles and a binder resin.
- the first electrode and the second electrode are electrically connected by the conductive portion of the conductive particles with insulating particles.
- connection structure a step of arranging the conductive particles with the insulating particles or the conductive material between the first connection target member and the second connection target member, by thermocompression bonding, And a step of conducting connection. It is preferable that the insulating particles are detached from the conductive particles with the insulating particles during the thermocompression bonding.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a connection structure using the conductive particles with insulating particles according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the connection structure 81 shown in FIG. 4 includes a first connection target member 82, a second connection target member 83, and a connection portion connecting the first connection target member 82 and the second connection target member 83. 84.
- the connection portion 84 is formed of a conductive material including the conductive particles 1 with insulating particles.
- the connection portion 84 is preferably formed by curing a conductive material including a plurality of conductive particles 1 with insulating particles.
- the conductive particles 1 with insulating particles are schematically illustrated for convenience of illustration.
- the conductive particles with insulating particles 21 or 41 may be used instead of the conductive particles with insulating particles 1.
- the first connection target member 82 has a plurality of first electrodes 82a on the surface (upper surface).
- the second connection target member 83 has a plurality of second electrodes 83a on the surface (lower surface).
- the first electrode 82a and the second electrode 83a are electrically connected by the conductive particles 2 in one or more conductive particles 1 with insulating particles. Therefore, the first connection target member 82 and the second connection target member 83 are electrically connected by the conductive portion of the conductive particles 1 with insulating particles.
- the method of manufacturing the connection structure is not particularly limited.
- the conductive material is arranged between the first connection target member and the second connection target member, and after obtaining a laminate, the laminate is heated and pressed. Method and the like.
- the pressure of the thermocompression bonding is preferably at least 40 MPa, more preferably at least 60 MPa, preferably at most 90 MPa, more preferably at most 70 MPa.
- the heating temperature of the thermocompression bonding is preferably 80 ° C. or higher, more preferably 100 ° C. or higher, preferably 140 ° C. or lower, more preferably 120 ° C. or lower.
- the insulating particles can be easily detached from the surface of the conductive particles with the insulating particles during the conductive connection, and the conduction reliability between the electrodes is improved. It can be even higher.
- the insulating particles existing between the conductive particles and the first and second electrodes can be eliminated.
- the conductive particles and the insulating particles existing between the first electrode and the second electrode are electrically conductive with the insulating particles. Easily desorbs from particle surface.
- some of the insulating particles may be detached from the surface of the conductive particles with insulating particles, and the surface of the conductive portion may be partially exposed. A portion where the surface of the conductive portion is exposed contacts the first electrode and the second electrode, thereby electrically connecting the first electrode and the second electrode via the conductive particles. can do.
- the first connection target member and the second connection target member are not particularly limited.
- the first connection target member and the second connection target member include electronic components such as a semiconductor chip, a semiconductor package, an LED chip, an LED package, a capacitor and a diode, a resin film, a printed board, and a flexible board.
- Examples include electronic components such as a printed circuit board, a flexible flat cable, a rigid flexible substrate, a circuit board such as a glass epoxy substrate and a glass substrate. It is preferable that the first connection target member and the second connection target member are electronic components.
- Examples of the electrodes provided on the connection target member include metal electrodes such as a gold electrode, a nickel electrode, a tin electrode, an aluminum electrode, a copper electrode, a molybdenum electrode, a silver electrode, a SUS electrode, and a tungsten electrode.
- the electrode is preferably a gold electrode, a nickel electrode, a tin electrode, a silver electrode, or a copper electrode.
- the electrode is preferably an aluminum electrode, a copper electrode, a molybdenum electrode, a silver electrode, or a tungsten electrode.
- the electrode When the electrode is an aluminum electrode, the electrode may be an electrode formed only of aluminum, or may be an electrode in which an aluminum layer is laminated on a surface of a metal oxide layer.
- the material of the metal oxide layer include indium oxide doped with a trivalent metal element and zinc oxide doped with a trivalent metal element.
- the trivalent metal element include Sn, Al, and Ga.
- Example 1 Preparation of Conductive Particles Resin particles (particle diameter: 20 ⁇ m) formed of a copolymer resin of tetramethylolmethanetetraacrylate and divinylbenzene were prepared. After 10 parts by weight of the base particles were dispersed in 100 parts by weight of an alkaline solution containing 5% by weight of a palladium catalyst solution using an ultrasonic disperser, the solution was filtered to take out the base particles. Next, the base particles were added to 100 parts by weight of a 1% by weight solution of dimethylamine borane to activate the surfaces of the base particles.
- the dispersion was added to 500 parts by weight of distilled water and dispersed to obtain a dispersion.
- 1 g of a nickel particle slurry (average particle diameter: 100 nm) was added to the dispersion over 3 minutes to obtain a suspension containing the base particles to which the core substance was attached.
- a nickel plating solution (pH 8.5) containing 0.35 mol / L of nickel sulfate, 1.38 mol / L of dimethylamine borane, and 0.5 mol / L of sodium citrate was prepared.
- the nickel plating solution was gradually dropped into the suspension to perform electroless nickel plating. Thereafter, the suspension is filtered to remove the particles, washed with water, and dried to obtain particles having the first conductive portion (nickel-boron layer, thickness 200 nm) formed on the surface of the base particles.
- the first conductive portion nickel-boron layer, thickness 200 nm
- a suspension was obtained by adding and dispersing 10 parts by weight of the particles on which the first conductive portion was formed to 100 parts by weight of distilled water.
- a reduced gold plating solution containing 0.03 mol / L of gold cyanide and 0.1 mol / L of hydroquinone as a reducing agent was prepared. While stirring the obtained suspension at 70 ° C., the reduced gold plating solution was gradually dropped into the suspension, and reduced gold plating was performed. Then, the particles were taken out by filtering the suspension, washed with water, and dried to obtain conductive particles.
- a second conductive part gold layer, thickness 35 nm
- the composition comprises 1080 mmol of methyl methacrylate, 10 mmol of ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (crosslinking agent), 0.5 mmol of 4- (methacryloyloxy) phenyldimethylsulfonium methyl sulfate, and 2,2′-azobis ⁇ 2- [N- (2-carboxyethyl) amidino] propane@0.5 mmol.
- the resultant was freeze-dried to obtain insulating particles (particle diameter: 540 nm) having a sulfone group derived from 4- (methacryloyloxy) phenyldimethylsulfonium methyl sulfate on the surface.
- conductive material anisotropic conductive paste 7 parts by weight of the obtained conductive particles, 25 parts by weight of bisphenol A type phenoxy resin, 4 parts by weight of fluorene type epoxy resin, and 30 parts by weight of phenol novolak type epoxy resin 30
- a conductive material anisotropic conductive paste was obtained by blending parts by weight with SI-60L (manufactured by Sanshin Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) and defoaming and stirring for 3 minutes.
- connection Structure A transparent glass substrate having an IZO electrode pattern (first electrode, Vickers hardness of metal on the electrode surface of 100 Hv) having an L / S of 10 ⁇ m / 10 ⁇ m formed on the upper surface was prepared.
- a semiconductor chip was prepared in which an Au electrode pattern (second electrode, metal Vickers hardness of the electrode surface was 50 Hv) having an L / S of 10 ⁇ m / 10 ⁇ m was formed on the lower surface.
- anisotropic conductive paste was applied on the transparent glass substrate so as to have a thickness of 30 ⁇ m to form an anisotropic conductive paste layer.
- the semiconductor chip was laminated on the anisotropic conductive paste layer such that the electrodes faced each other.
- the pressure heating head is placed on the upper surface of the semiconductor chip, and the pressure of 60 MPa is applied to remove the anisotropic conductive paste layer.
- the composition was cured at 100 ° C. to obtain a connection structure.
- Example 2 During the preparation of the insulating particles, the amount of methyl methacrylate in the composition was changed from 1080 mmol to 540 mmol, and 540 mmol of glycidyl methacrylate was added to the composition. Further, at the time of producing the insulating particles, the particle diameter of the insulating particles was changed to 750 nm. Except for the above changes, in the same manner as in Example 1, conductive particles, conductive particles with insulating particles, a conductive material, and a connection structure were obtained.
- Example 3 During the preparation of the insulating particles, the amount of methyl methacrylate in the composition was changed from 1080 mmol to 540 mmol, and 540 mmol of glycidyl methacrylate was added to the composition. Further, at the time of producing the insulating particles, the particle diameter of the insulating particles was changed to 800 nm. Except for the above changes, in the same manner as in Example 1, conductive particles, conductive particles with insulating particles, a conductive material, and a connection structure were obtained.
- Example 4 During the preparation of the insulating particles, the amount of methyl methacrylate in the composition was changed from 1080 mmol to 540 mmol, and 540 mmol of glycidyl methacrylate was added to the composition. Further, at the time of producing the insulating particles, the particle diameter of the insulating particles was changed to 1400 nm. Except for the above changes, in the same manner as in Example 1, conductive particles, conductive particles with insulating particles, a conductive material, and a connection structure were obtained.
- Example 5 Except that the thickness of the first conductive part (nickel-boron layer) was changed to 250 nm and the second conductive part (gold layer, thickness 35 nm) was not formed during the preparation of the conductive particles.
- the second conductive part gold layer, thickness 35 nm
- Example 6 Conductive particles, conductive particles with insulating particles, conductive material, and connection structure in the same manner as in Example 3 except that a nickel particle slurry (average particle diameter of 100 nm) was not used in producing the conductive particles. I got a body.
- Example 7 Except for using a nickel particle slurry (average particle diameter of 250 nm) instead of a nickel particle slurry (average particle diameter of 100 nm) during the preparation of the conductive particles, the same procedure as in Example 3 was repeated for the preparation of the conductive particles and the insulating material. A conductive particle with particles, a conductive material and a connection structure were obtained.
- Example 8 Except for using a nickel particle slurry (average particle diameter of 450 nm) instead of a nickel particle slurry (average particle diameter of 100 nm) during the preparation of the conductive particles, the same procedure as in Example 3 was repeated for the preparation of the conductive particles and the insulating material. A conductive particle with particles, a conductive material and a connection structure were obtained.
- Example 9 When producing conductive particles, instead of resin particles (particle diameter 20 ⁇ m) formed of a copolymer resin of tetramethylolmethane tetraacrylate and divinylbenzene, a copolymer resin of tetramethylolmethane tetraacrylate and divinylbenzene is used. Was used (particle diameter 3 ⁇ m). Except for the above changes, in the same manner as in Example 3, conductive particles, conductive particles with insulating particles, a conductive material, and a connection structure were obtained.
- Example 10 During the preparation of the conductive particles, the thickness of the first conductive portion (nickel-boron layer) was changed to 250 nm, and the second conductive portion (gold layer, thickness of 35 nm) was not formed.
- resin particles particle diameter 20 ⁇ m
- a copolymer of tetramethylolmethanetetraacrylate and divinylbenzene was used.
- Resin particles particle diameter 3 ⁇ m formed of a polymer resin were used. Except for the above changes, in the same manner as in Example 3, conductive particles, conductive particles with insulating particles, a conductive material, and a connection structure were obtained.
- Example 11 When producing conductive particles, instead of resin particles (particle diameter 20 ⁇ m) formed of a copolymer resin of tetramethylolmethane tetraacrylate and divinylbenzene, a copolymer resin of tetramethylolmethane tetraacrylate and divinylbenzene is used. Was used (particle diameter 10 ⁇ m). Except for the above changes, in the same manner as in Example 3, conductive particles, conductive particles with insulating particles, a conductive material, and a connection structure were obtained.
- Example 12 When producing conductive particles, instead of resin particles (particle diameter 20 ⁇ m) formed of a copolymer resin of tetramethylolmethane tetraacrylate and divinylbenzene, a copolymer resin of tetramethylolmethane tetraacrylate and divinylbenzene is used. Was used (particle diameter 35 ⁇ m). Except for the above changes, in the same manner as in Example 3, conductive particles, conductive particles with insulating particles, a conductive material, and a connection structure were obtained.
- Example 13 When producing conductive particles, instead of resin particles (particle diameter 20 ⁇ m) formed of a copolymer resin of tetramethylolmethane tetraacrylate and divinylbenzene, a copolymer resin of tetramethylolmethane tetraacrylate and divinylbenzene is used. Was used (particle diameter 50 ⁇ m). Except for the above changes, in the same manner as in Example 3, conductive particles, conductive particles with insulating particles, a conductive material, and a connection structure were obtained.
- Example 14 Except that the amount of methyl methacrylate in the composition was changed from 1080 mmol to 80 mmol during the production of the insulating particles, and that 1000 mmol of glycidyl methacrylate was added to the composition, Similarly, conductive particles, conductive particles with insulating particles, a conductive material, and a connection structure were obtained.
- Example 15 Except that the amount of methyl methacrylate in the composition was changed from 1080 mmol to 680 mmol during the preparation of the insulating particles, and that 400 mmol of glycidyl methacrylate was added to the composition, Similarly, conductive particles, conductive particles with insulating particles, a conductive material, and a connection structure were obtained.
- Example 16 In the same manner as in Example 3, except that the amount of ethylene glycol dimethacrylate in the composition was changed from 10 mmol to 15 mmol during the preparation of the insulating particles, the conductive particles and the conductive particles with insulating particles were used. Particles, conductive material and connection structure were obtained.
- Example 17 In the same manner as in Example 3, except that the amount of ethylene glycol dimethacrylate in the composition was changed from 10 mmol to 20 mmol during the preparation of the insulating particles, the conductive particles and the conductive particles with insulating particles were used. Particles, conductive material and connection structure were obtained.
- the measurement sample was produced as follows.
- a 30 mm ⁇ 40 mm silicone rubber was prepared by hollowing out the center of the shape of the measurement sample (length 10 mm, width 1 mm to 10 mm, thickness 15 mm to 50 mm).
- the silicone rubber was placed on a 30 mm ⁇ 40 mm glass section.
- the same raw material as the insulating particles (the material constituting the insulating particles) was poured into the hollowed portion of the silicone rubber on the glass section.
- the silicone rubber into which the same raw material as the insulating particles had been poured was covered with a glass piece of 30 mm ⁇ 40 mm and fixed using a clip to obtain a laminate.
- the obtained laminate was placed in an oven and reacted at 50 ° C. for 5 hours under a nitrogen atmosphere. After the reaction, the clip was removed and the measurement sample was taken out.
- ⁇ Swelling ratio [weight of measurement sample after immersion in toluene (g) / weight of measurement sample before immersion in toluene (g)] ⁇ Formula (1)
- the ratio X of the number of insulating particles arranged on the surface of the conductive particles so as not to contact other insulating particles was calculated respectively. From the obtained results, of the total number of the insulating particles, the ratio X of the number of the insulating particles arranged on the surface of the conductive particles so as not to contact the other insulating particles is 20 It was calculated as the average value of the conductive particles with insulating particles. The ratio X of the number was determined based on the following criteria.
- Particle Size of Conductive Particles The particle size of the obtained conductive particles was measured using a “Laser diffraction particle size distribution analyzer” manufactured by Horiba, Ltd. The particle diameter of the conductive particles was calculated by averaging the results of 20 measurements.
- the ratio of the particle size of the conductive particles to the particle size of the insulating particles was calculated from the measurement results of the particle size of the insulating particles and the particle size of the conductive particles.
- connection resistance between upper and lower electrodes of the obtained 20 connection structures was measured by the four-terminal method.
- the conduction reliability was determined according to the following criteria.
- Connection resistance is 2.0 ⁇ or less
- Connection resistance is more than 2.0 ⁇ and 5.0 ⁇ or less
- Connection resistance is more than 5.0 ⁇ and 10 ⁇ or less
- Connection resistance is more than 10 ⁇
- Insulation reliability between horizontally adjacent electrodes
- the presence or absence of leakage between adjacent electrodes was evaluated by measuring the resistance value with a tester.
- the insulation reliability was evaluated based on the following criteria.
- connection structures having a resistance value of 10 8 ⁇ or more is 18 or more
- the number of connection structures having a resistance value of 10 8 ⁇ or more is 15 or more and less than 18 :: Resistance value There number of 10 8 Omega more connections structures, 10 or more 15 than ⁇ : number of resistance 10 8 Omega more connection structure is less than 10
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Abstract
Description
本発明に係る絶縁性粒子付き導電性粒子は、導電部を少なくとも表面に有する導電性粒子と、上記導電性粒子の表面上に配置された複数の絶縁性粒子とを備える。本発明に係る絶縁性粒子付き導電性粒子では、上記絶縁性粒子の粒子径が、500nm以上1500nm以下である。本発明に係る絶縁性粒子付き導電性粒子では、上記絶縁性粒子の60℃における貯蔵弾性率が、100MPa以上1000MPa以下である。
ρ:絶縁性粒子付き導電性粒子の粒子径の標準偏差
Dn:絶縁性粒子付き導電性粒子の粒子径の平均値
上記導電性粒子は、基材粒子と、上記基材粒子の表面上に配置された導電部とを有していることが好ましい。上記導電部は、単層構造であってもよく、2層以上の複層構造であってもよい。
ρ:導電性粒子の粒子径の標準偏差
Dn:導電性粒子の粒子径の平均値
上記基材粒子としては、樹脂粒子、金属粒子を除く無機粒子、有機無機ハイブリッド粒子及び金属粒子等が挙げられる。上記基材粒子は、金属粒子を除く基材粒子であることが好ましく、樹脂粒子、金属粒子を除く無機粒子又は有機無機ハイブリッド粒子であることがより好ましい。上記基材粒子は、無機粒子を除く基材粒子であってもよい。上記基材粒子は、コアと、該コアの表面上に配置されたシェルとを備えるコアシェル粒子であってもよい。上記コアが有機コアであってもよく、上記シェルが無機シェルであってもよい。
本発明では、上記導電性粒子は、導電部を少なくとも表面に有する。上記導電部は、金属を含むことが好ましい。上記導電部を構成する金属は、特に限定されない。上記金属としては、例えば、金、銀、銅、白金、パラジウム、亜鉛、鉛、アルミニウム、コバルト、インジウム、ニッケル、クロム、チタン、アンチモン、ビスマス、ゲルマニウム及びカドミウム、並びにこれらの合金等が挙げられる。また、上記金属として、錫ドープ酸化インジウム(ITO)を用いてもよい。上記金属は1種のみが用いられてもよく、2種以上が併用されてもよい。電極間の接続抵抗をより一層低くする観点からは、錫を含む合金、ニッケル、パラジウム、銅又は金が好ましく、ニッケル又はパラジウムがより好ましい。
上記導電性粒子は、上記導電部の外表面に複数の突起を有することが好ましい。絶縁性粒子付き導電性粒子により接続される電極の表面には、酸化被膜が形成されていることが多い。導電部の表面に突起を有する絶縁性粒子付き導電性粒子を用いた場合には、電極間に絶縁性粒子付き導電性粒子を配置して圧着させることにより、突起により上記酸化被膜を効果的に排除できる。このため、電極と導電部とがより一層確実に接触し、電極間の接続抵抗がより一層低くなる。さらに、電極間の接続時に、導電性粒子の突起によって、導電性粒子と電極との間の絶縁性粒子を効果的に排除できる。このため、電極間の導通信頼性がより一層高くなる。
本発明に係る絶縁性粒子付き導電性粒子は、上記導電性粒子の表面上に配置された複数の絶縁性粒子を備える。この場合には、上記絶縁性粒子付き導電性粒子を電極間の接続に用いると、隣接する電極間の短絡を防止できる。具体的には、複数の絶縁性粒子付き導電性粒子が接触したときに、複数の電極間に絶縁性粒子が存在するので、上下の電極間ではなく横方向に隣り合う電極間の短絡を防止できる。なお、電極間の接続の際に、2つの電極で絶縁性粒子付き導電性粒子を加圧することにより、導電性粒子の導電部と電極との間の絶縁性粒子を容易に排除できる。さらに、導電部の外表面に複数の突起を有する導電性粒子である場合には、導電性粒子の導電部と電極との間の絶縁性粒子をより一層容易に排除できる。
ρ:絶縁性粒子の粒子径の標準偏差
Dn:絶縁性粒子の粒子径の平均値
本発明に係る導電材料は、上述した絶縁性粒子付き導電性粒子と、バインダー樹脂とを含む。上記絶縁性粒子付き導電性粒子は、バインダー樹脂中に分散されて用いられることが好ましく、バインダー樹脂中に分散されて導電材料として用いられることが好ましい。上記導電材料は、異方性導電材料であることが好ましい。上記導電材料は、電極間の電気的な接続に用いられることが好ましい。上記導電材料は回路接続用導電材料であることが好ましい。上記導電材料では、上述した絶縁性粒子付き導電性粒子が用いられているので、電極間の絶縁信頼性及び導通信頼性をより一層高めることができる。
本発明に係る接続構造体は、第1の電極を表面に有する第1の接続対象部材と、第2の電極を表面に有する第2の接続対象部材と、上記第1の接続対象部材と、上記第2の接続対象部材を接続している接続部とを備える。本発明に係る接続構造体では、上記接続部の材料が、上述した絶縁性粒子付き導電性粒子であるか、又は上記絶縁性粒子付き導電性粒子とバインダー樹脂とを含む導電材料である。本発明に係る接続構造体では、上記第1の電極と上記第2の電極とが、上記絶縁性粒子付き導電性粒子における上記導電部により電気的に接続されている。
(1)導電性粒子の作製
テトラメチロールメタンテトラアクリレートとジビニルベンゼンとの共重合樹脂により形成された樹脂粒子(粒子径20μm)を用意した。パラジウム触媒液を5重量%含むアルカリ溶液100重量部に、基材粒子10重量部を、超音波分散器を用いて分散させた後、溶液をろ過することにより、基材粒子を取り出した。次いで、基材粒子をジメチルアミンボラン1重量%溶液100重量部に添加し、基材粒子の表面を活性化させた。表面が活性化された基材粒子を十分に水洗した後、蒸留水500重量部に加え、分散させることにより、分散液を得た。次に、ニッケル粒子スラリー(平均粒子径100nm)1gを3分間かけて上記分散液に添加し、芯物質が付着された基材粒子を含む懸濁液を得た。
4つ口セパラブルカバー、攪拌翼、三方コック、冷却管及び温度プローブを取り付けた2000mLセパラブルフラスコに、下記の組成物を入れた後、上記組成物を固形分が10重量%となるように蒸留水を添加して、120rpmで攪拌し、窒素雰囲気下50℃で5時間重合を行った。上記組成物は、メタクリル酸メチル1080mmol、ジメタクリル酸エチレングリコール(架橋剤)10mmol、4-(メタクリロイルオキシ)フェニルジメチルスルホニウムメチルスルフェート0.5mmol、及び2,2’-アゾビス{2-[N-(2-カルボキシエチル)アミジノ]プロパン}0.5mmolを含む。反応終了後、凍結乾燥して、4-(メタクリロイルオキシ)フェニルジメチルスルホニウムメチルスルフェートに由来するスルホン基を表面に有する絶縁性粒子(粒子径540nm)を得た。
上記で得られた絶縁性粒子を超音波照射下で蒸留水に分散させ、絶縁性粒子の10重量%水分散液を得た。得られた導電性粒子10gを蒸留水500mLに分散させ、絶縁性粒子の10重量%水分散液1gを添加し、室温で8時間攪拌した。3μmのメッシュフィルターで濾過した後、さらにメタノールで洗浄、乾燥し、絶縁性粒子付き導電性粒子を得た。
得られた導電性粒子7重量部と、ビスフェノールA型フェノキシ樹脂25重量部と、フルオレン型エポキシ樹脂4重量部と、フェノールノボラック型エポキシ樹脂30重量部と、SI-60L(三新化学工業社製)とを配合して、3分間脱泡及び攪拌することで、導電材料(異方性導電ペースト)を得た。
L/Sが10μm/10μmであるIZO電極パターン(第1の電極、電極表面の金属のビッカース硬度100Hv)が上面に形成された透明ガラス基板を用意した。また、L/Sが10μm/10μmであるAu電極パターン(第2の電極、電極表面の金属のビッカース硬度50Hv)が下面に形成された半導体チップを用意した。
絶縁性粒子の作製の際に、上記組成物中のメタクリル酸メチルの配合量を1080mmolから540mmolに変更し、上記組成物中にメタクリル酸グリシジル540mmolを添加した。また、絶縁性粒子の作製の際に、絶縁性粒子の粒子径を750nmに変更した。上記の変更以外は、実施例1と同様に、導電性粒子、絶縁性粒子付き導電性粒子、導電材料及び接続構造体を得た。
絶縁性粒子の作製の際に、上記組成物中のメタクリル酸メチルの配合量を1080mmolから540mmolに変更し、上記組成物中にメタクリル酸グリシジル540mmolを添加した。また、絶縁性粒子の作製の際に、絶縁性粒子の粒子径を800nmに変更した。上記の変更以外は、実施例1と同様に、導電性粒子、絶縁性粒子付き導電性粒子、導電材料及び接続構造体を得た。
絶縁性粒子の作製の際に、上記組成物中のメタクリル酸メチルの配合量を1080mmolから540mmolに変更し、上記組成物中にメタクリル酸グリシジル540mmolを添加した。また、絶縁性粒子の作製の際に、絶縁性粒子の粒子径を1400nmに変更した。上記の変更以外は、実施例1と同様に、導電性粒子、絶縁性粒子付き導電性粒子、導電材料及び接続構造体を得た。
導電性粒子の作製の際に、第1の導電部(ニッケル-ボロン層)の厚みを250nmに変更し、第2の導電部(金層、厚み35nm)を形成しなかったこと以外は、実施例3と同様に、導電性粒子、絶縁性粒子付き導電性粒子、導電材料及び接続構造体を得た。
導電性粒子の作製の際に、ニッケル粒子スラリー(平均粒子径100nm)を用いなかったこと以外は、実施例3と同様に、導電性粒子、絶縁性粒子付き導電性粒子、導電材料及び接続構造体を得た。
導電性粒子の作製の際に、ニッケル粒子スラリー(平均粒子径100nm)の代わりにニッケル粒子スラリー(平均粒子径250nm)を用いたこと以外は、実施例3と同様に、導電性粒子、絶縁性粒子付き導電性粒子、導電材料及び接続構造体を得た。
導電性粒子の作製の際に、ニッケル粒子スラリー(平均粒子径100nm)の代わりにニッケル粒子スラリー(平均粒子径450nm)を用いたこと以外は、実施例3と同様に、導電性粒子、絶縁性粒子付き導電性粒子、導電材料及び接続構造体を得た。
導電性粒子の作製の際に、テトラメチロールメタンテトラアクリレートとジビニルベンゼンとの共重合樹脂により形成された樹脂粒子(粒子径20μm)の代わりに、テトラメチロールメタンテトラアクリレートとジビニルベンゼンとの共重合樹脂により形成された樹脂粒子(粒子径3μm)を用いた。上記の変更以外は、実施例3と同様に、導電性粒子、絶縁性粒子付き導電性粒子、導電材料及び接続構造体を得た。
導電性粒子の作製の際に、第1の導電部(ニッケル-ボロン層)の厚みを250nmに変更し、第2の導電部(金層、厚み35nm)を形成しなかった。また、導電性粒子の作製の際に、テトラメチロールメタンテトラアクリレートとジビニルベンゼンとの共重合樹脂により形成された樹脂粒子(粒子径20μm)の代わりに、テトラメチロールメタンテトラアクリレートとジビニルベンゼンとの共重合樹脂により形成された樹脂粒子(粒子径3μm)を用いた。上記の変更以外は、実施例3と同様に、導電性粒子、絶縁性粒子付き導電性粒子、導電材料及び接続構造体を得た。
導電性粒子の作製の際に、テトラメチロールメタンテトラアクリレートとジビニルベンゼンとの共重合樹脂により形成された樹脂粒子(粒子径20μm)の代わりに、テトラメチロールメタンテトラアクリレートとジビニルベンゼンとの共重合樹脂により形成された樹脂粒子(粒子径10μm)を用いた。上記の変更以外は、実施例3と同様に、導電性粒子、絶縁性粒子付き導電性粒子、導電材料及び接続構造体を得た。
導電性粒子の作製の際に、テトラメチロールメタンテトラアクリレートとジビニルベンゼンとの共重合樹脂により形成された樹脂粒子(粒子径20μm)の代わりに、テトラメチロールメタンテトラアクリレートとジビニルベンゼンとの共重合樹脂により形成された樹脂粒子(粒子径35μm)を用いた。上記の変更以外は、実施例3と同様に、導電性粒子、絶縁性粒子付き導電性粒子、導電材料及び接続構造体を得た。
導電性粒子の作製の際に、テトラメチロールメタンテトラアクリレートとジビニルベンゼンとの共重合樹脂により形成された樹脂粒子(粒子径20μm)の代わりに、テトラメチロールメタンテトラアクリレートとジビニルベンゼンとの共重合樹脂により形成された樹脂粒子(粒子径50μm)を用いた。上記の変更以外は、実施例3と同様に、導電性粒子、絶縁性粒子付き導電性粒子、導電材料及び接続構造体を得た。
絶縁性粒子の作製の際に、上記組成物中のメタクリル酸メチルの配合量を1080mmolから80mmolに変更したこと、及び上記組成物中にメタクリル酸グリシジル1000mmolを添加したこと以外は、実施例3と同様に、導電性粒子、絶縁性粒子付き導電性粒子、導電材料及び接続構造体を得た。
絶縁性粒子の作製の際に、上記組成物中のメタクリル酸メチルの配合量を1080mmolから680mmolに変更したこと、及び上記組成物中にメタクリル酸グリシジル400mmolを添加したこと以外は、実施例3と同様に、導電性粒子、絶縁性粒子付き導電性粒子、導電材料及び接続構造体を得た。
絶縁性粒子の作製の際に、上記組成物中のジメタクリル酸エチレングリコールの配合量を10mmolから15mmolに変更したこと以外は、実施例3と同様に、導電性粒子、絶縁性粒子付き導電性粒子、導電材料及び接続構造体を得た。
絶縁性粒子の作製の際に、上記組成物中のジメタクリル酸エチレングリコールの配合量を10mmolから20mmolに変更したこと以外は、実施例3と同様に、導電性粒子、絶縁性粒子付き導電性粒子、導電材料及び接続構造体を得た。
絶縁性粒子の作製の際に、絶縁性粒子の粒子径を450nmに変更したこと以外は、実施例1と同様に、導電性粒子、絶縁性粒子付き導電性粒子、導電材料及び接続構造体を得た。
絶縁性粒子の作製の際に、絶縁性粒子の粒子径を450nmに変更したこと以外は、実施例3と同様に、導電性粒子、絶縁性粒子付き導電性粒子、導電材料及び接続構造体を得た。
絶縁性粒子の作製の際に、絶縁性粒子の粒子径を360nmに変更したこと以外は、実施例3と同様に、導電性粒子、絶縁性粒子付き導電性粒子、導電材料及び接続構造体を得た。
絶縁性粒子の作製の際に、上記組成物中のメタクリル酸メチルの配合量を1080mmolから540mmolに変更し、上記組成物中にメタクリル酸グリシジル540mmolを添加した。また、絶縁性粒子の作製の際に、絶縁性粒子の粒子径を2500nmに変更した。上記の変更以外は、実施例1と同様に、導電性粒子、絶縁性粒子付き導電性粒子、導電材料及び接続構造体を得た。
絶縁性粒子の作製の際に、上記組成物中にジペンタエリスリトールヘキサアクリレート100mmоlを添加した。また、絶縁性粒子の作製の際に、絶縁性粒子の粒子径を800nmに変更した。上記の変更以外は、実施例1と同様に、導電性粒子、絶縁性粒子付き導電性粒子、導電材料及び接続構造体を得た。
絶縁性粒子の作製の際に、上記組成物中にメタクリル酸メチル1080mmolの代わりに、メタクリル酸2-エチルヘキシル1080mmоlを添加した。また、絶縁性粒子の作製の際に、絶縁性粒子の粒子径を800nmに変更した。上記の変更以外は、実施例1と同様に、導電性粒子、絶縁性粒子付き導電性粒子、導電材料及び接続構造体を得た。
(1)絶縁性粒子の粒子径
得られた絶縁性粒子の粒子径を、任意の絶縁性粒子50個を電子顕微鏡にて観察し、平均値を算出することにより求めた。
得られた絶縁性粒子と同じ原料(絶縁性粒子を構成する材料)を用いて、長さ10mm、幅1mm~10mm、厚み15mm~50mmの測定サンプルを作製した。上記測定サンプルの60℃における貯蔵弾性率を、動的粘弾性測定装置(TA Instruments社製「RSA3」)を用いて、周波数10Hz、ひずみ1%、温度-10℃~210℃、及び昇温速度5℃/minの条件で測定した。測定結果から、60℃における貯蔵弾性率を算出した。
得られた絶縁性粒子と同じ原料を用いて、縦10mm×横5mm、厚み0.5mmの測定サンプルを作製した。得られた測定サンプルの重量を測定し、トルエン100g中に25℃で20時間浸漬した。その後、測定サンプルを取り出し、160℃で30分間乾燥し、乾燥後の測定サンプルの重量を測定した。トルエン浸漬前後の測定サンプルの重量変化から下記式(1)により、膨潤倍率を算出した。
得られた絶縁性粒子付き導電性粒子について、走査型電子顕微鏡(SEM)により観察し、20個の絶縁性粒子付き導電性粒子における絶縁性粒子の個数、及び他の絶縁性粒子に接触していない絶縁性粒子の個数をそれぞれ算出した。得られた結果から、絶縁性粒子の全個数の内、他の絶縁性粒子に接触しないように、導電性粒子の表面上に配置されている絶縁性粒子の個数の割合Xを、20個の絶縁性粒子付き導電性粒子の平均値として算出した。上記個数の割合Xを下記の基準で判定した。
AA:個数の割合Xが50%以上
A:個数の割合Xが30%以上50%未満
B:個数の割合Xが10%以上30%未満
C:個数の割合Xが10%未満
得られた導電性粒子の粒子径を、堀場製作所社製「レーザー回折式粒度分布測定装置」を用いて測定した。また、導電性粒子の粒子径は、20回の測定結果を平均することにより算出した。
得られた20個の接続構造体の上下の電極間の接続抵抗をそれぞれ、4端子法により測定した。なお、電圧=電流×抵抗の関係から、一定の電流を流した時の電圧を測定することにより接続抵抗を求めることができる。導通信頼性を下記の基準で判定した。
○○○:接続抵抗が、2.0Ω以下
○○:接続抵抗が、2.0Ωを超え5.0Ω以下
○:接続抵抗が、5.0Ωを超え10Ω以下
×:接続抵抗が、10Ωを超える
上記(6)導通信頼性の評価で得られた20個の接続構造体において、隣接する電極間のリークの有無を、テスターで抵抗値を測定することにより評価した。絶縁信頼性を下記の基準で評価した。
○○○:抵抗値が108Ω以上の接続構造体の個数が、18個以上
○○:抵抗値が108Ω以上の接続構造体の個数が、15個以上18個未満
○:抵抗値が108Ω以上の接続構造体の個数が、10個以上15個未満
×:抵抗値が108Ω以上の接続構造体の個数が、10個未満
2…導電性粒子
3…絶縁性粒子
11…基材粒子
12…導電部
21…絶縁性粒子付き導電性粒子
22…導電性粒子
31…導電部
32…芯物質
33…突起
41…絶縁性粒子付き導電性粒子
42…導電性粒子
51…導電部
52…突起
81…接続構造体
82…第1の接続対象部材
82a…第1の電極
83…第2の接続対象部材
83a…第2の電極
84…接続部
Claims (8)
- 導電部を少なくとも表面に有する導電性粒子と、
前記導電性粒子の表面上に配置された複数の絶縁性粒子とを備え、
前記絶縁性粒子の粒子径が、500nm以上1500nm以下であり、
前記絶縁性粒子の60℃における貯蔵弾性率が、100MPa以上1000MPa以下である、絶縁性粒子付き導電性粒子。 - 前記導電性粒子が、前記導電部の外表面に突起を有する、請求項1に記載の絶縁性粒子付き導電性粒子。
- 前記導電性粒子の粒子径の、前記絶縁性粒子の粒子径に対する比が、3以上100以下である、請求項1又は2に記載の絶縁性粒子付き導電性粒子。
- 前記絶縁性粒子の膨潤倍率が、1以上2.5以下である、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の絶縁性粒子付き導電性粒子。
- 前記絶縁性粒子の全個数の内の10%以上が、他の前記絶縁性粒子に接触しないように、前記導電性粒子の表面上に配置されている、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の絶縁性粒子付き導電性粒子。
- 前記導電性粒子の粒子径が、1μm以上50μm以下である、請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の絶縁性粒子付き導電性粒子。
- 請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の絶縁性粒子付き導電性粒子と、バインダー樹脂とを含む、導電材料。
- 第1の電極を表面に有する第1の接続対象部材と、
第2の電極を表面に有する第2の接続対象部材と、
前記第1の接続対象部材と、前記第2の接続対象部材を接続している接続部とを備え、
前記接続部の材料が、請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の絶縁性粒子付き導電性粒子であるか、又は前記絶縁性粒子付き導電性粒子とバインダー樹脂とを含む導電材料であり、
前記第1の電極と前記第2の電極とが、前記絶縁性粒子付き導電性粒子における前記導電部により電気的に接続されている、接続構造体。
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