WO2020006987A1 - 一种基于电涡流检测的钢球自适应分选装置 - Google Patents

一种基于电涡流检测的钢球自适应分选装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020006987A1
WO2020006987A1 PCT/CN2018/121084 CN2018121084W WO2020006987A1 WO 2020006987 A1 WO2020006987 A1 WO 2020006987A1 CN 2018121084 W CN2018121084 W CN 2018121084W WO 2020006987 A1 WO2020006987 A1 WO 2020006987A1
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Prior art keywords
sorting
steel ball
eddy current
rollers
sorting device
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PCT/CN2018/121084
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
谢凤芹
马龙玉
张传伟
杜如栋
张华宇
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Shandong University of Science and Technology
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Shandong University of Science and Technology
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07BSEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B1/00Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
    • B07B1/12Apparatus having only parallel elements
    • B07B1/14Roller screens
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07BSEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B1/00Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
    • B07B1/42Drive mechanisms, regulating or controlling devices, or balancing devices, specially adapted for screens

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a steel ball sorting device, and in particular, to a steel ball adaptive sorting device based on eddy current detection, and belongs to the field of machinery.
  • the polished steel balls need to be sorted according to size, and the various types of steel balls are classified to facilitate further testing.
  • the steel ball sorting needs to rely on the experience of the workers to adjust the distance of the sorting rollers.
  • the workers need special training and are easily affected by subjective factors.
  • the quality of the steel balls is difficult to guarantee and the standardization is low.
  • the method of manually adjusting the spacing of the sorting rollers makes the accuracy of steel ball sorting low, and the equipment needs to be repeatedly debugged, the sorting efficiency is low, and the degree of equipment self-adaptation is low.
  • the problem to be solved by the present invention is to address the above-mentioned shortcomings, and to provide a steel ball adaptive sorting device based on eddy current detection.
  • a steel ball adaptive sorting device based on eddy current detection is characterized in that it includes:
  • the steel ball sorting unit includes two sorting rollers arranged in parallel, and both sorting rollers are stepped.
  • universal bearings are respectively provided on both ends of the two sorting rollers, and the universal bearings are arranged on the sorting roller support seat.
  • the driving unit includes timing belt pulleys respectively disposed at the left ends of the two sorting rollers, and is connected to the stepping motor driven by the sorting rollers through a timing belt.
  • the fine adjustment unit for the clearance of the sorting roller includes a guide rail, a lead screw, and a guide rail respectively disposed at both ends of the two sorting rollers.
  • a screw nut is provided on the sorting roller support seat of the two sorting rollers, and the two screw nuts and the screw are driven by threads.
  • the surface of the lead screw mated with the two lead screw nuts has threads of equal length and opposite rotation directions, and a fine-tuning stepping motor is connected to the coupling at the front end of the lead screw.
  • an eddy current detection unit including an electrically connected eddy current sensor, a capacitive three-point oscillator, a detection circuit, and an MCU microprocessor;
  • the eddy current sensor is provided in two groups, arranged in pairs at both ends of two sorting rollers, and the axis of the eddy current sensor and the axis of the two sorting rollers are on the same plane.
  • the detection circuit includes a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, a resistor R6, a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2, a capacitor C3, a capacitor C4, a capacitor C5, a capacitor C6, a transistor BG1, a transistor BG2 And inductor L1, where BG1, Cl, C2, and C3 form a capacitor three-point oscillator.
  • the steel ball collecting unit includes a receiving hopper and a receiving drawer arranged on a support plate, a feeding opening of the receiving hopper is arranged at the bottom of two sorting rollers, and a receiving drawer is arranged at a lower part of the discharging opening of the receiving hopper.
  • the present invention adopts the above technical solutions, and has the following advantages compared with the prior art:
  • the front roller pitch fine-tuning stepper motor, the rear roller pitch fine-tuning stepper motor and 4 eddy current sensors constitute a closed-loop monitoring system to achieve adaptive sorting of steel balls, and the overall structure is simple. It is reliable, reduces the labor intensity of workers, and improves the detection accuracy of the sorting device.
  • the spherical error of the steel ball is 0.08pm
  • the efficiency can reach 15000 grains per hour
  • the sorting efficiency is higher
  • the diameter error rate of the steel ball is more accurate.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a steel ball adaptive sorting device according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a fine adjustment unit for a gap between a sorting roller in an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a left side view of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a closed-loop adjustment system of an eddy current detection unit in an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an eddy current detection unit according to the present invention.
  • 6-left sorting roller 7-universal bearing, 8-take-up drawer, 9-hopper, 10-eddy current sensor support frame, 11-support plate, 12-bearing, 13-bearing seat, 14-wire Bar, 15-lead screw nut, 16-sorting roller support, 17-shaft sleeve, 18 -screw, 19 -guide rail, 20-slider, 22-left sorting roller drive stepper motor, 24-right sorting Roller driven stepper motor, 25-fine stepper motor for rear roller pitch, 28-detection circuit, 61-right sorting roller.
  • Embodiment 1 provides a steel ball adaptive sorting device based on eddy current detection, which has a high degree of self-adaptation, accurate sorting, and high sorting efficiency.
  • a steel ball adaptive sorting device based on eddy current detection includes a steel ball sorting unit, a sorting roller gap fine-tuning unit, a driving unit, an eddy current detecting unit, and steel.
  • Ball collection unit
  • the left sorting roller 6 and the right sorting roller 61 are arranged in parallel, the left and right sorting rollers 6 and 61 are stepped, and the two ends of the left and right sorting rollers 61 and 61 are respectively A universal bearing 7 is provided, and the universal bearing 7 is provided on the sorting roller support base 16, and the left ends of the left and right sorting rollers 6 and 61 are respectively drivingly connected to the driving unit.
  • the driving unit :
  • Timing belt pulley 5 provided at the left ends of the left and right sorting rollers 6 and 61, respectively.
  • the timing belt pulley 5 at the end is drivingly connected with the left sorting roller driving stepper motor 22 through the timing belt 3, and the right sorting roller 61 1
  • the timing belt pulley 5 at the left end is driven by another timing belt 3 and the right sorting roller. Into the motor 24 drive connection.
  • the universal roller bearing is used to adjust the angle of the sorting roller to ensure that the gap between the ends of the sorting roller and the fine-tuning unit of the sorting roller are matched, and the rotation speed of the two sorting rollers is ensured to be the same through the timing belt drive.
  • Sorting roller gap fine adjustment unit
  • the guide rail 19 and the lead screw 14 are respectively provided on both ends of the left and right sorting rollers 6 and 61, and the guide rail 19 is provided on the support plate 11.
  • the guide rail 19 has a slider 20 and a sorting roller support.
  • the seat 16 is arranged on the slider 20, and the sorting roller support seat 16 of the left sorting roller 6 and the right sorting roller 61 is provided with a screw nut 15 respectively.
  • the two screw nuts 15 and the screw 14 are driven by threads.
  • the surface of the lead screw 14 matched with the two lead screw nuts 15 has threads of opposite lengths with opposite rotation directions.
  • the two ends of the lead screw 14 are fixed on the support plate 11 through a bearing seat 13 and screws 18, and a coupling is provided on the bearing seat 13. 2.
  • Bearing 12, shaft sleeve 17, front-end coupling 2 is connected to the front roller pitch fine-tuning stepper motor 1, and rear-end coupling 2 is connected to the rear roller pitch fine-tuning stepper motor 25.
  • the screw 14 is provided with a bearing 12, a sleeve 17 and a bearing seat 13.
  • Eddy current detection unit [0043]
  • the eddy current sensor 4 an electric capacitance three-point oscillator, a detection circuit 28 and an MCU microprocessor are included.
  • the eddy current sensor 4 is mounted on a support plate 11 through an eddy current sensor support frame 10.
  • the eddy current sensor 4 is provided with
  • the two groups have the same performance and are arranged in pairs at both ends of the two sorting rollers, and the axis of the eddy current sensor 4 and the axis of the two sorting rollers are on the same plane;
  • the detection circuit 28 includes a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, a resistor R6, a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2, a capacitor C3, a capacitor C4, a capacitor C5, a capacitor C6, a transistor BG1, a transistor BG2, and Inductor L1, where BG1, Cl, C2, and C3 form a capacitive three-point oscillator, which generates a sinusoidal carrier signal with a frequency of f.
  • BG1, Cl, C2, and C3 form a capacitive three-point oscillator, which generates a sinusoidal carrier signal with a frequency of f.
  • the shunt capacitor and the coil of the eddy current sensor are often assembled together, so that the distributed capacitance of the cable in parallel to the large capacitors C2 and C3 can greatly reduce the effect of the distributed capacitance on the frequency of the oscillator.
  • BG1, Cl, C2, and C3 directly determine the starting condition of the oscillation circuit and the frequency value of the oscillation circuit, and the frequency value directly affects the linearity and sensitivity of the entire circuit.
  • the value of C2 / C3 can neither It is too large and not too small, and needs to be determined through debugging.
  • the most influential factor in the circuit is the probe coil of the sensor that appears as an inductor in the circuit.
  • C2 and C3 are both lpF, when the probe coil changes about 0.04 OmH and O.OOlmH, the frequency value of the circuit will change by more than ten KHz, so when winding the coil and selecting the coil, in order to ensure the consistency of the eddy current sensors of the front and rear rollers and improve the linearity and sensitivity of the detection result, a probe coil with the same parameters should be selected as much as possible.
  • the debugging work of the variable frequency and amplitude modulation eddy current sensor is also focused on improving the linearity and sensitivity of the sensor.
  • the ratio of R1 and R2 directly affects the peak-to-peak value of the oscillating output voltage. If the ratio is too large or too small, it will seriously affect the sensitivity of the sensor. This requires experimental debugging, which can not make the output voltage too high. High, saturation phenomenon occurs, and the output voltage cannot be too low, which affects the voltage gradient.
  • the final differential output voltage is 4 to 9V in a linear range of 0.45 to 0.95mm, and the linear midpoint value is 6.5V. Therefore, the sensitivity of the radial circuit after differential is reached 10V / mm. Adjust R1, R2, R3, and R4 to make the output voltage in the linear range reach 4 ⁇ 9V. At this time, the output sensitivity of each channel reaches 5V / mm.
  • the eddy current sensor 4 and a capacitive three-point oscillator are connected in series at the input of the detection circuit 28, and the eddy current sensor 4 is used as an inductor.
  • the eddy current sensor 4 When the parameters measured by the eddy current sensor 4 (the eddy current sensor 4 and the measuring roller 6 are measured)
  • the pitch When the pitch is changed, it causes the inductance or impedance of the sensor coil to change, thereby changing the frequency of the oscillator.
  • the frequency value is used to express the parameter change.
  • the frequency is output to A / D for analog-to-digital conversion, and the digital signal is processed by the MCU. After being processed, it is displayed on the LCD display.
  • the receiving hopper 9 and the receiving drawer 8 are provided on the support plate 11.
  • the feeding opening of the receiving hopper 9 is provided at the bottom of the two sorting rollers. .
  • the driving unit drives the two sorting rollers of the steel ball sorting unit to rotate (the direction is shown in FIG. 3), and the fine-tuning unit of the sorting roller fine movements
  • the roller support base 16 of the steel ball sorting unit is adjusted, and the eddy current detection unit is in a detection state.
  • the power is first turned on, the eddy current sensor 4 works, and the displacement LI, L2 between the two sorting rollers 6 at this moment is displayed on the PC host software interface, according to the steel balls to be inspected in this batch.
  • the invention is particularly suitable for distance measurement with an eddy current sensor, and the sorting efficiency is higher and more accurate.
  • the spherical error of some steel ball sorting devices is 0.13pm, and the maximum efficiency is 8000 grains per hour. According to the present invention, the spherical error of the steel balls is 0.08pm, and the efficiency can reach 15000 grains per hour. Instead of the traditional manual sorting, the sorting efficiency is higher and the diameter error rate of the steel ball is more accurate.

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  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Magnetic Means (AREA)

Abstract

一种基于电涡流检测的钢球自适应分选装置,包括:钢球分选单元,包括平行设置的两个分选辊(6、61),两个分选辊均为阶梯型;以及电涡流检测单元,包括电连接的电涡流传感器(4)、电容三点式振荡器、检测电路(28)及MCU微处理器,其中电涡流传感器设置有两组,成对设置在两个分选辊的两端,而且电涡流传感器的轴心与两个分选辊的轴心处在同一个平面上。采用该分选装置,分选效率更高,钢球的直径误差率更准确。

Description

一种基于电涡流检测的钢球自适应分选装置 技术领域
[0001] 本发明涉及一种钢球的分选装置, 具体地说, 涉及一种基于电渦流检测的钢球 自适应分选装置, 属于机械领域。
背景技术
[0002] 抛光后的钢球需要按大小进行分选, 把各个型号的钢球进行归类, 方便进一步 的检测。 传统工艺流程中, 钢球的分选需要依靠工人的经验来调节分选辊的距 离, 工人需要进行专门的培训, 并且容易受到主观因素的影响, 钢球的品质难 以保证, 标准化程度低。 采用人工调节分选辊间距的方式使得钢球分选的精度 低, 而且设备需要反复的调试, 分选效率低, 设备的自适应化程度低。
发明概述
技术问题
问题的解决方案
技术解决方案
[0003] 本发明要解决的问题是针对以上不足, 提供一种基于电渦流检测的钢球自适应 分选装置。
[0004] 为解决以上问题, 本发明采用的技术方案如下: 一种基于电渦流检测的钢球自 适应分选装置, 其特征在于, 包括:
[0005] 钢球分选单元, 包括平行设置的两个分选辊, 两个分选辊均为阶梯型。
[0006] 进一步地, 两个分选辊的两端分别设置有万向轴承, 万向轴承设置在分选辊支 撑座上。
[0007] 进一步地, 还包括:
[0008] 驱动单元, 包括分别设置在两个分选辊的左端部的同步带轮, 通过同步带与分 选辊驱动步进电机传动连接。
[0009] 进一步地, 还包括:
[0010] 分选辊间隙微调单元, 包括分别设置在两个分选辊两端部的导轨、 丝杠, 导轨 上具有滑块, 分选辊支撑座设置在滑块上。
[0011] 进一步地, 两个分选辊的分选辊支撑座上分别设有丝杠螺母, 两个丝杠螺母与 丝杠通过螺纹传动。
[0012] 进一步地, 与两个丝杠螺母配合的丝杠表面具有等长旋向相反的螺纹, 丝杠前 端的联轴器上连接有间距微调步进电机。
[0013] 进一步地, 还包括:
[0014] 电渦流检测单元, 包括电连接的电渦流传感器、 电容三点式振荡器、 检测电路 及 MCU微处理器;
[0015] 电渦流传感器设置有两组, 成对设置在两个分选辊的两端, 而且电渦流传感器 的轴心与两个分选辊的轴心处在同一个平面上。
[0016] 进一步地, 检测电路包括电阻 R1、 电阻 R2、 电阻 R3、 电阻 R4、 电阻 R5、 电阻 R6、 电容 C1、 电容 C2、 电容 C3、 电容 C4、 电容 C5、 电容 C6、 三极管 BG1、 三 极管 BG2和电感 L1, 其中 BG1、 Cl、 C2、 C3组成电容三点式振荡器。
[0017] 进一步地, 还包括:
[0018] 钢球收集单元, 包括设置在支撑板上的接料斗和收料屉, 接料斗的进料口设置 在两个分选辊底部, 收料屉设置在接料斗的出料口下部。
发明的有益效果
有益效果
[0019] 本发明采用以上技术方案, 与现有技术相比, 具有以下优点:
[0020] 1.通过 4个电渦流传感器直接测量其与分选辊的距离, 通过前辊间距微调步进电 机、 后辊间距微调步进电机驱动滚珠丝杠微调分选辊的间距, 间接测量出所需 要的两根分选辊的间距, 此时的间距即为要分选的钢球外径尺寸, 比较传统人 工分选、 人工调节设备分选, 其具有分选效率高、 分选成本低的优点。
[0021] 2.分选装置中, 前辊间距微调步进电机、 后辊间距微调步进电机和 4个电渦流传 感器构成了闭环监控系统, 实现了钢球的自适应分选, 总体结构简单可靠, 降 低了工人的劳动强度, 提高了分选装置的检测精度。
[0022] 3.采用本发明技术方案, 钢球的球形误差 0.08pm,效率可达到每小时 15000粒, 分选效率更高, 钢球的直径误差率更准确。 对附图的简要说明
附图说明
[0023] 附图 1是本发明实施例中钢球自适应分选装置的结构示意图;
[0024] 附图 2是本发明实施例中分选辊间隙微调单元的结构示意图;
[0025] 附图 3是附图 1的左视图;
[0026] 附图 4是本发明实施例中电渦流检测单元的闭环调节系统示意图;
[0027] 附图 5是本发明电渦流检测单元的原理图;
[0028] 附图 6是本发明实施例中模糊 PID控制器结构;
[0029] 附图 7是本发明实施例中分选辊的阶梯型结构;
[0030] 其中,
[0031] 1-前辊间距微调步进电机, 2 -联轴器, 3 -同步带, 4 -电渦流传感器, 5 -同步带轮
, 6 -左分选辊, 7 -万向轴承, 8 -收料屉, 9 -接料斗, 10-电渦流传感器支撑架, 11 -支撑板, 12 -轴承, 13 -轴承座, 14 -丝杠, 15 -丝杠螺母, 16 -分选辊支撑座, 17- 轴套, 18 -螺钉, 19 -导轨, 20-滑块, 22 -左分选辊驱动步进电机, 24 -右分选辊驱 动步进电机, 25 -后辊间距微调步进电机, 28 -检测电路, 61 -右分选辊。
发明实施例
本发明的实施方式
[0032] 实施例 1, 提供一种基于电渦流检测的钢球自适应分选装置, 自适应化程度高 、 分选精确、 分选效率高。
[0033] 以下结合附图对本发明技术方案进行详细描述, 以使其更易于理解和掌握。
[0034] 如图 1至图 7所示, 一种基于电渦流检测的钢球自适应分选装置, 包括钢球分选 单元、 分选辊间隙微调单元、 驱动单元、 电渦流检测单元和钢球收集单元;
[0035] 钢球分选单元:
[0036] 包括平行设置的左分选辊 6和右分选辊 61, 左分选辊 6和右分选辊 61均为阶梯型 , 左分选辊 6和右分选辊 61的两端分别设置有万向轴承 7 , 万向轴承 7设置在分选 辊支撑座 16上, 左分选辊 6和右分选辊 61的左端部分别与驱动单元传动连接。
[0037] 驱动单元:
[0038] 包括分别设置在左分选辊 6和右分选辊 61的左端部的同步带轮 5 , 左分选辊 6左 端部的同步带轮 5通过同步带 3与左分选辊驱动步进电机 22传动连接, 右分选辊 6 1左端部的同步带轮 5通过另一条同步带 3与右分选辊驱动步进电机 24传动连接。
[0039] 使用万向轴承调节分选辊的角度, 保证了分选辊两端的间隙和分选辊间隙微调 单元相匹配, 通过同步带驱动保证了两根分选辊转速一致。
[0040] 分选辊间隙微调单元:
[0041] 包括分别设置在左分选辊 6和右分选辊 61两端部的导轨 19、 丝杠 14, 导轨 19设 置在支撑板 11上, 导轨 19上具有滑块 20, 分选辊支撑座 16设置在滑块 20上, 左 分选辊 6和右分选辊 61的分选辊支撑座 16上分别设有丝杠螺母 15 , 两个丝杠螺母 15与丝杠 14通过螺纹传动, 与两个丝杠螺母 15配合的丝杠 14表面具有等长旋向 相反的螺纹, 丝杠 14两端通过轴承座 13、 螺钉 18固定在支撑板 11上, 轴承座 13 上设有联轴器 2、 轴承 12、 轴套 17 , 前端的联轴器 2上连接有前辊间距微调步进 电机 1, 后端的联轴器 2上连接有后辊间距微调步进电机 25。
[0042] 为了提高分选辊间隙微调单元里滚珠丝杠工作的平稳性, 所以丝杠 14安装有轴 承 12、 轴套 17和轴承座 13。
[0043] 电渦流检测单元:
[0044] 包括电连接的电渦流传感器 4、 电容三点式振荡器、 检测电路 28及 MCU微处理 器, 电渦流传感器 4通过电渦流传感器支撑架 10安装在支撑板 11上, 电渦流传感 器 4设置有两组, 并且性能一致, 成对设置在两个分选辊的两端, 而且电渦流传 感器 4的轴心与两个分选辊的轴心处在同一个平面上;
[0045] 检测电路 28, 包括电阻 R1、 电阻 R2、 电阻 R3、 电阻 R4、 电阻 R5、 电阻 R6、 电 容 C1、 电容 C2、 电容 C3、 电容 C4、 电容 C5、 电容 C6、 三极管 BG1、 三极管 BG2 和电感 L1, 其中 BG1、 Cl、 C2、 C3组成电容三点式振荡器, 产生频率为 f的正弦 载波信号。 在测量时, 如果电缆位置变化引起分布电容几个微法的变化, 将使 振荡回路的频率改变几千赫, 这将严重地影响测量结果。 为此, 常把并联电容 和电渦流传感器的线圈组装在一起, 这样把电缆分布电容并联到大电容 C2、 C3 上就可大大地减小分布电容对振荡器频率的影响。
[0046] BG1、 Cl、 C2、 C3的数值直接决定着振荡电路的起振情况以及振荡电路的频 率值, 而频率值又直接影响着整个电路的线性度和灵敏度。 C2/C3的数值既不能 太大, 也不能太小, 需要通过调试来确定。 在电路中影响最大的因素还是在电 路中作为电感出现的传感器的探头线圈, 若取 C2和 C3均为 lpF, 探头线圈在 0.04 OmH左右变化 O.OOlmH时, 电路的频率值就会变化十几 KHz, 所以在绕制线圈和 选择线圈时, 为保证前后辊电渦流传感器的一致性, 提高检测结果的线性度和 灵敏度, 应尽量选择参数一致的探头线圈。
[0047] 对变频调幅式电渦流传感器的调试工作也是集中于提高传感器的线性度和灵敏 度方面。 在电压调节电路中, R1和 R2的比值直接影响着振荡输出电压的峰 -峰值 , 此比值取得过大和过小都会严重影响到传感器的灵敏度, 这就需要进行实验 调试, 既不能使输出电压过高, 出现饱和现象, 又不能使输出电压过低, 影响 电压的变化梯度。
[0048] 对于双路位移检测电路, 最终的差动输出电压在 0.45〜 0.95mm的线性范围内为 4〜 9V, 且线性中点值为 6.5V, 因此, 径向电路差动后的灵敏度达到 10V/mm。 调节 R 1 ,R2,R3,R4使输出电压在线性范围内的输出值达到 4〜 9V, 这时每一路的 输出灵敏度均达到 5V/mm。
[0049] 电渦流传感器 4、 电容三点式振荡器串联在检测电路 28的输入端, 电渦流传感 器 4作为电感, 当电渦流传感器 4所测的参数 (电渦流传感器 4与被测分选辊 6的 间距) 变化时, 引起传感器线圈的电感量或阻抗发生变化, 从而改变振荡器的 频率, 用频率值来表达参数的变化, 该频率输出至 A/D进行模数转换, 数字信号 由 MCU微处理器处理后由 LCD显示屏显示。
[0050] 钢球收集单元:
[0051] 包括设置在支撑板 11上的接料斗 9和收料屉 8, 接料斗 9的进料口设置在两个分 选辊底部, 收料屉 8设置在接料斗 9的出料口下部。
[0052] 给后续的钢球检测提供了方便, 在检测过程中, 驱动单元驱动钢球分选单元的 两根分选辊旋转 (方向如图 3所示) , 分选辊间隙微调单元微动调节钢球分选单 元分选辊支撑座 16 , 电渦流检测单元处于检测状态。
[0053] 装置开始工作时, 首先接通电源, 电渦流传感器 4工作, 在 PC上位机软件界面 上显示此刻两个分选辊 6间的位移 LI、 L2, 根据本批次待检钢球的直径, 上位机 计算出两个分选辊前后端的最佳间距 LI’、 L2’, 如果 L1’= L1和 L2’= L2, 则左、 右分选辊驱动步进电机按照设定的分选辊转速转动, 方向按照图 3所示, 之后钢 球平缓的依次落在两个分选辊上, 靠近同步带轮 5的一侧, 两个分选辊之间的间 隙为小间距 L1’, 另一端两个分选辊之间的间隙为大间距 L2’, 满足本批次要求的 钢球在分选辊中间落入收料屉 8 , 完成分选; 如果 L1YL1和 L2YL2, 可以分成四 种情况, 如果 L1’> L1和 L2’> L2,采用图 7中的模糊 PID控制器结构, 实现前、 后 间距微调步进电机右转, 达到 L1’= L1和 L2’= L2的目的; 如果 Ll’< L1和 L2’< L2, 采用图 7中的模糊 PID控制器结构, 实现前、 后间距微调步进电机左转, 达到 L1 ’= L1和 L2’= L2的目的; 如果 Ll’> L1和 L2’< L2,采用图 7中的模糊 PID控制器结 构, 实现前间距微调步进电机右转, 后间距微调步进电机左转, 达到 Ll’=
L1和 L2’= L2的目的; 如果 Ll’< L1和 L2’> L2,采用图 7中的模糊 PID控制器结构 , 实现前间距微调步进电机左转, 后间距微调步进电机右转, 达到 Ll’=
L1和 L2’= L2的目的。 重复上述分选过程。
[0054] 本发明尤其适用于具有电渦流传感器进行测距, 分选效率更高更准确。
[0055] 5见有的钢球分选装置的球形误差 0.13pm,最大效率是每小时 8000粒,而采用本发 明, 钢球的球形误差 0.08pm,效率可达到每小时 15000粒。 代替了传统的人工分 选, 分选效率更高, 钢球的直径误差率更准确。
[0056] 最后应说明的是: 以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已, 并不用于限制本发 明, 尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明, 对于本领域的技术人员 来说, 其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改, 如模糊 PID控制 器也可以采用其他方式, 只要能够实现本发明所述功能, 或者对其中部分技术 特征进行等同替换。 凡在本发明的精神和原则之内, 所作的任何修改、 等同替 换、 改进等, 均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims

权利要求书
[权利要求 1] 一种基于电渦流检测的钢球自适应分选装置, 其特征在于, 包括: 钢球分选单元, 包括平行设置的两个分选辊, 两个分选辊均为阶梯型
[权利要求 2] 如权利要求 1所述的钢球自适应分选装置, 其特征在于, 两个分选辊 的两端分别设置有万向轴承 (7) , 万向轴承 (7) 设置在分选辊支撑 座 (16) 上。
[权利要求 3] 如权利要求 1所述的钢球自适应分选装置, 其特征在于, 还包括: 驱动单元, 包括分别设置在两个分选辊的左端部的同步带轮 (5) , 通过同步带 (3) 与分选辊驱动步进电机传动连接。
[权利要求 4] 如权利要求 1所述的钢球自适应分选装置, 其特征在于, 还包括: 分选辊间隙微调单元, 包括分别设置在两个分选辊两端部的导轨 (19 ) 、 丝杠 (14) , 导轨 (19) 上具有滑块 (20) , 分选辊支撑座 (16 ) 设置在滑块 (20) 上。
[权利要求 5] 如权利要求 4所述的钢球自适应分选装置, 其特征在于, 两个分选辊 的分选辊支撑座 (16) 上分别设有丝杠螺母 (15) , 两个丝杠螺母 ( 15) 与丝杠 (14) 通过螺纹传动。
[权利要求 6] 如权利要求 5所述的钢球自适应分选装置, 其特征在于, 与两个丝杠 螺母 (15) 配合的丝杠 (14) 表面具有等长旋向相反的螺纹, 丝杠 ( 14) 前端的联轴器 (2) 上连接有间距微调步进电机。
[权利要求 7] 如权利要求 1所述的钢球自适应分选装置, 其特征在于, 还包括: 电渦流检测单元, 包括电连接的电渦流传感器 (4) 、 电容三点式振 荡器、 检测电路 (28) 及 MCU微处理器;
电渦流传感器 (4) 设置有两组, 成对设置在两个分选辊的两端, 而 且电渦流传感器 (4) 的轴心与两个分选辊的轴心处在同一个平面上
[权利要求 8] 如权利要求 7所述的钢球自适应分选装置, 其特征在于, 检测电路 (2
8) 包括电阻 R1、 电阻 R2、 电阻 R3、 电阻 R4、 电阻 R5、 电阻 R6、 电 容 Cl、 电容 C2、 电容 C3、 电容 C4、 电容 C5、 电容 C6、 三极管 BG1、 三极管 BG2和电感 Ll, 其中 BG1、 Cl、 C2、 C3组成电容三点式振荡 器。
[权利要求 9] 如权利要求 1所述的钢球自适应分选装置, 其特征在于, 还包括: 钢球收集单元, 包括设置在支撑板 (11) 上的接料斗 (9) 和收料屉 (8) , 接料斗 (9) 的进料口设置在两个分选辊底部, 收料屉 (8) 设置在接料斗 (9) 的出料口下部。
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