WO2020006817A1 - 一种用于煤矿喷雾降尘的增润剂及制备方法 - Google Patents
一种用于煤矿喷雾降尘的增润剂及制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- the invention relates to the fields of dust prevention and dust suppression in mines, in particular to a moisturizing agent and a preparation method for spraying and dust reduction in coal mines.
- Coal dust is one of the main disaster sources that seriously endangers the safety of underground production and the health of personnel.
- the dangers of coal dust are mainly the following: First, spontaneous combustion or even explosion can occur under certain conditions, which can easily cause gas explosion accidents; The increase in the concentration of respirable dust seriously threatens the physical and mental health of workers in coal mines, which greatly increases the probability of pneumoconiosis and other lung diseases.
- the dust in coal mines will aggravate the wear and tear of parts and components of the equipment and cause equipment Accuracy decreases or malfunctions; In addition, a large amount of dust will reduce the visibility of the well, and it is easy to cause accidents caused by misoperation.
- the dust concentration of the fully mechanized mining face can reach more than 3000mg / m 3 , and the dust concentration of the fully mechanized mining face can reach more than 6000mg / m 3 .
- coal mine underground mining face In order to prevent dust, coal mine underground mining face generally adopts spraying method to reduce dust.
- water Due to the hydrophobic nature of coal body, water has poor wettability to coal dust and it is difficult to achieve ideal results.
- the currently widely used technology is to add ready-made industrial-grade surfactants in water or to compound surfactants.
- this method has the disadvantages of poor dust reduction effect, high cost and high toxicity, and traditional surfactants are not easy to degrade, and large-scale applications will cause secondary environmental pollution.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a lubricating agent and a preparation method for spraying and reducing dust in coal mines, so as to reduce the degree of dust diffusion and improve the dust suppression efficiency.
- the solution of the present invention includes:
- a lubricating agent used for coal mine spray dust reduction which includes the following components in mass percentage:
- the above-mentioned lignin sulfonate is one of sodium lignin sulfonate and calcium lignin sulfonate or a mixture thereof; and the initiator is one of sodium peroxide and ammonium persulfate. ;
- the cross-linking agent is NN methylenebisacrylamide.
- the said anti-freezing agent is calcium chloride and the corrosion inhibitor is phosphoric acid.
- a method for preparing the above-mentioned moisturizing agent comprising the following steps:
- Step 1 After dissolving the lignin sulfonate in water, add vinyl acetate, set the temperature of the thermostatic stirrer to 60 ° C, and stir for 30 minutes. After all the dissolution is fully mixed, add the initiator to the solution. React at 60 ° C for 2 hours to obtain a first solution;
- step two 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid and a cross-linking agent are added to the first solution and the reaction is continued for 1 hour to obtain a final product;
- Step 3 Add the antifreeze and corrosion inhibitor to the final product, stir well and adjust the pH value to obtain the above-mentioned wetting agent.
- the prepared lubricating agent is sufficiently stirred and mixed with water for standby, and the lubricating agent and water are fully stirred and mixed according to a ratio of 1:50 by mass.
- the preparation method wherein the above-mentioned lignin sulfonate is one or a mixture of sodium lignin sulfonate and calcium lignin sulfonate; the initiator is one of sodium peroxide and ammonium persulfate;
- the cross-linking agent was NN methylenebisacrylamide.
- the antifreeze is calcium chloride and the corrosion inhibitor is phosphoric acid.
- the present invention provides a moisturizing agent for coal mine spray dust reduction and a preparation method thereof.
- the strong oxidizing property of persulfuric acid is used to capture -OH hydrogen in lignin to generate primary radicals.
- the primary radicals attack vinyl acetate and 2-propylene.
- C C of amide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid and NN methylenebisacrylamide.
- the generated radicals are polymerized in an aqueous solution, and 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid and vinyl acetate are polymerized.
- the ester is grafted onto sodium lignosulfonate.
- the original sulfonic acid group of sodium lignin sulfonate has better adsorption performance on coal dust.
- the amide group makes the ejected droplets have a certain adhesion to the coal dust, and the ester group makes the overall structure formed on the coal.
- the wettability of dust is enhanced.
- the application of this lubricant and surfactant to the spray system not only reduces the surface tension of water, but also increases the wetting and adhesion effect of the mist on the dust, so that the mist can effectively moisten the dust. Moisture, adhesion, and wrapping greatly improve dust suppression efficiency and reduce dust diffusion.
- this lubricating agent uses sodium lignin sulfonate as a matrix, which can be naturally decomposed to avoid secondary pollution caused by dust fall.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a process for preparing a humectant in the present invention.
- the present invention provides a moisturizer and a preparation method for coal mine spray dust reduction.
- a moisturizer and a preparation method for coal mine spray dust reduction.
- the present invention is described in further detail below. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.
- the present invention provides a moisturizer for dust spraying in coal mines, which comprises, by mass percentage: 3% -5% lignin sulfonate, 3% -5% vinyl acetate, 3% -5% 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, 0.05% -0.1% initiator, 0.02% -0.04% cross-linking agent, 0.3% -0.6% antifreeze, and 0.2% -0.4% corrosion inhibitor , The balance is water.
- the above lignin sulfonate is one of sodium lignin sulfonate and calcium lignin sulfonate or a mixture thereof;
- the initiator is one of sodium peroxide and ammonium persulfate;
- the cross-linking agent is NN methylene Bisacrylamide.
- the antifreeze is calcium chloride;
- the corrosion inhibitor is phosphoric acid.
- the present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned humectant, as shown in FIG. 1, which includes the following steps:
- Step 1 After dissolving the lignin sulfonate in water, add vinyl acetate, set the temperature of the thermostatic stirrer to 60 ° C, and stir for 30 minutes. After all the dissolution is fully mixed, add the initiator to the solution. React at 60 ° C for 2 hours to obtain a first solution;
- step two 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid and a crosslinking agent are added to the first solution and the reaction is continued for 1 hour to obtain a final product;
- Step 3 Add the antifreeze and corrosion inhibitor to the final product, stir well and adjust the pH value to obtain the above-mentioned wetting agent.
- the dust reduction efficiency using only water spray can only reach about 42-55%, the highest dust reduction rate is 56.2%, and the effect is poor.
- the dust removal efficiency of the spraying method with the addition of the lubricant can reach more than 90%, the highest 93.5% so that the average total dust concentration and the average respirable dust concentration reduced to face 51.4mg / m 3 and 18.8mg / m 3, to meet the needs of dust.
- the amide group makes the wetting agent have a certain adhesion to the coal dust, and the ester group makes the overall structure formed. The wettability of coal dust is enhanced.
- the compounding of the moisturizing agent and surfactant used in coal mine spraying into the spraying system greatly improves the dust suppression efficiency and reduces the dust diffusion.
- the dust suppressant is mainly made of natural products, which is harmless and non-toxic and can be degraded by itself.
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Abstract
一种用于煤矿喷雾降尘的增润剂及制备方法,其包括:3%-5%的木质素磺酸盐、3%-5%的乙酸乙烯酯、3%-5%的2-丙烯酰胺-2-甲基丙磺酸、0.05%-0.1%的引发剂、0.02%-0.04%的交联剂、0.3%-0.6%的防冻剂和0.2%-0.4%的缓蚀剂,余量为水。以木质素磺酸钠为基体,与乙酸乙烯酯、2-丙烯酰胺-2-甲基丙磺酸进行聚合反应,生成的聚合物既保持了木质素磺酸钠可降解的性能,又能使雾滴具备润湿、粘结的功能。
Description
本发明涉及矿井防尘、抑尘领域,尤其涉及一种用于煤矿喷雾降尘的增润剂及制备方法。
随着科学技术的进步,煤矿开采的机械化、自动化程度越来越高,在这个过程中产生的粉尘也越来越多。煤矿粉尘是严重危害井下生产安全和人员身体健康的主要灾害源之一,煤尘的危害主要有以下几方面:一是在一定条件下可以发生自燃甚至爆炸,易引发瓦斯爆炸事故;二是随着呼吸性粉尘浓度的增大,严重威胁煤矿井下工人的身心健康,使其患尘肺病及其他肺部疾病的概率大大增加;三是煤矿井下的粉尘会加剧井下设备零部件的磨损,致使仪器精度下降或失灵;另外大量的粉尘会降低井下的能见度,易发生因误操作而导致人员伤亡的事故。根据实测,在不采取任何措施的情况下,综掘工作面的粉尘浓度可达3000mg/m
3以上,综采工作面的粉尘浓度更是高达6000mg/m
3以上。
煤矿井下采掘面为了防治粉尘一般采用喷雾降尘的方法,然而由于煤体自身疏水的特性,水对煤尘的润湿性较差,难以达到理想的效果。针对煤尘自身难润湿的特点,目前广泛应用的技术是在水中添加现成的工业级表面活性剂或对表面活性剂进行复配。但这种方法存在着降尘效果差、成本高、毒性高等弊端,且传统表面活性剂不易降解,大面积的应用还会造成二次环境污染。
发明内容
鉴于上述现有技术的不足,本发明的目的在于提供一种用于煤矿喷雾降尘的增润剂及制备方法,以减小粉尘的扩散程度,提高抑尘效率。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明方案包括:
一种用于煤矿喷雾降尘的增润剂,其按质量百分比包括以下组分:
3%-5%的木质素磺酸盐、3%-5%的乙酸乙烯酯、3%-5%的2-丙烯酰胺-2-甲基丙磺酸、0.05%-0.1%的引发剂、0.02%-0.04%的交联剂、0.3%-0.6%的防冻剂和0.2%-0.4%的缓蚀剂,余量为水。
所述的增润剂,其中,上述木质素磺酸盐为木质素磺酸钠、木质素磺酸钙中的一种或其混合物;上述引发剂为过氧化钠、过硫酸铵中的一种;交联剂为N-N亚甲基双丙烯酰胺。
所述的增润剂,其中,上述防冻剂为氯化钙;缓蚀剂为磷羧酸。
一种上述增润剂的制备方法,其包括以下步骤:
步骤一,将木质素磺酸盐在水中溶解后,加入乙酸乙烯酯,将恒温搅拌仪的温度设置为60℃后搅拌30分钟,待全部溶解充分混合后再向上述溶液中加入引发剂,在60℃下反应2小时,得到第一溶液;
步骤二,再向第一溶液中加入2-丙烯酰胺-2-甲基丙磺酸和交联剂继续反应1小时,得到最终产物;
步骤三,向最终产物中加入防冻剂和缓蚀剂,充分搅拌均匀,并调节pH值,即可得到上述增润剂。
所述的制备方法,其中,制备的上述增润剂再与水进行充分搅拌混合备用,增润剂与水按照质量比为1:50的比例进行充分搅拌混合。
所述的制备方法,其中,步骤三中的pH值为7-8。
所述的制备方法,其中,上述木质素磺酸盐为木质素磺酸钠、木质素磺酸钙中的一种或其混合物;上述引发剂为过氧化钠、过硫酸铵中的一种;交联剂为N-N亚甲基双丙烯酰胺。
所述的制备方法,其中,上述防冻剂为氯化钙;缓蚀剂为磷羧酸。
本发明提供的一种用于煤矿喷雾降尘的增润剂及制备方法,利用过硫酸的强氧化性夺取木质素中-OH的氢产生初级自由基,初级自由基进攻乙酸乙烯酯、2-丙烯酰胺-2-甲基丙磺酸及N-N亚甲基双丙烯酰胺的C=C,将产生的自由基在水溶液中进行聚合反应,将2-丙烯酰胺 -2-甲基丙磺酸和乙酸乙烯酯接枝到木质素磺酸钠上。木质素磺酸钠原有的磺酸基团对煤尘有较好的吸附性能,酰胺基团使得喷出的液滴对煤尘具有一定的粘附性,酯基使生成的整体结构对煤尘的润湿能力增强。将此增润剂与表面活性剂复配应用到喷雾系统中,不仅减小了水的表面张力,而且可以增加雾滴对粉尘的润湿、粘附效果,使雾滴有效的对粉尘进行润湿、粘附、包裹,大大提高了抑尘效率,减少了粉尘扩散。另外此增润剂以木质素磺酸钠为基体,可自然分解,避免了降尘后造成二次污染的情况出现。
图1为本发明中制备增润剂的流程示意图。
本发明提供了一种用于煤矿喷雾降尘的增润剂及制备方法,为使本发明的目的、技术方案及效果更加清楚、明确,以下对本发明进一步详细说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。
本发明提供了一种用于煤矿喷雾降尘的增润剂,其按质量百分比包括:3%-5%的木质素磺酸盐、3%-5%的乙酸乙烯酯、3%-5%的2-丙烯酰胺-2-甲基丙磺酸、0.05%-0.1%的引发剂、0.02%-0.04%的交联剂、0.3%-0.6%的防冻剂和0.2%-0.4%的缓蚀剂,余量为水。而且上述木质素磺酸盐为木质素磺酸钠、木质素磺酸钙中的一种或其混合物;上述引发剂为过氧化钠、过硫酸铵中的一种;交联剂为N-N亚甲基双丙烯酰胺。上述防冻剂为氯化钙;缓蚀剂为磷羧酸。
本发明还提供了一种上述增润剂的制备方法,如图1所示的,其包括以下步骤:
步骤一,将木质素磺酸盐在水中溶解后,加入乙酸乙烯酯,将恒温搅拌仪的温度设置为60℃后搅拌30分钟,待全部溶解充分混合后再向上述溶液中加入引发剂,在60℃下反应2小时,得到第一溶液;
步骤二,再向第一溶液中加入2-丙烯酰胺-2-甲基丙磺酸和交联剂继续反应1小时,得 到最终产物;
步骤三,向最终产物中加入防冻剂和缓蚀剂,充分搅拌均匀,并调节pH值,即可得到上述增润剂。
为了更进一步描述本发明,以下列举更为具体的实施例进行说明。
实施例1:
称取2g木质素磺酸钠和4ml乙酸乙烯酯溶于200ml水中,充分溶解并搅拌30min后,向溶液中加入0.5g过硫酸铵,在60℃下恒温搅拌反应2小时。再向溶液中2g2-丙烯酰胺-2-甲基丙磺酸和0.5gN-N亚甲基双丙烯酰胺,保持60℃继续搅拌反应2小时。反应完成后,向溶液中加入0.3g氯化钙和0.2ml磷羧酸,调节pH,取2ml与0.2g十二烷基二甲基甜菜碱同时加入1L水中混合均匀,测试相关性能。
实施例2:
称取2g木质素磺酸钠和4ml乙酸乙烯酯溶于200ml水中,充分溶解并搅拌30min后,向溶液中加入0.5g过硫酸铵,在60℃下恒温搅拌反应2小时。再向溶液中4g2-丙烯酰胺-2-甲基丙磺酸和0.5gN-N亚甲基双丙烯酰胺,保持60℃继续搅拌反应2小时。反应完成后,向溶液中加入0.3g氯化钙和0.2ml磷羧酸,调节PH,取2ml与0.2g十二烷基二甲基甜菜碱同时加入1L水中混合均匀,测试相关性能。
实施例3:
称取2g木质素磺酸钠和4ml乙酸乙烯酯溶于200ml水中,充分溶解并搅拌30min后,向溶液中加入0.5g过硫酸铵,在60℃下恒温搅拌反应2小时。再向溶液中加入6g2-丙烯酰胺-2-甲基丙磺酸和0.5gN-N亚甲基双丙烯酰胺,保持60℃继续搅拌反应2小时。反应完成后,向溶液中加入0.3g氯化钙和0.2ml磷羧酸,调节PH,取2ml与0.2g十二烷基二甲基甜菜碱同时加入1L水中混合均匀,测试相关性能。
表1
从表中可以看出,仅仅采用清水喷雾降尘效率只能达到42~55%左右,最高降尘率为56.2%,效果较差,添加增润剂的喷雾措施除尘效率能达到90%以上,最高达到93.5%,使得工作面的平均总尘浓度和平均呼尘浓度降至51.4mg/m
3和18.8mg/m
3,满足了降尘的需要。这是由于木质素磺酸钠原有的磺酸基团对煤尘有较好的吸附性能,酰胺基团使得增润剂对煤尘具有一定的粘附性,酯基使生成的整体结构对煤尘的润湿能力增强。将此用于煤矿喷雾的增润剂与表面活性剂复配应用到喷雾系统中,大大提高了抑尘效率,减少了粉尘扩散。且本抑尘剂主要由天然产物制成,无害无毒,可以自行降解。
当然,以上说明仅仅为本发明的较佳实施例,本发明并不限于列举上述实施例,应当说明的是,任何熟悉本领域的技术人员在本说明书的教导下,所做出的所有等同替代、明显变形形式,均落在本说明书的实质范围之内,理应受到本发明的保护。
Claims (8)
- 一种用于煤矿喷雾降尘的增润剂,特征在于,其按质量百分比包括以下组分:3%-5%的木质素磺酸盐、3%-5%的乙酸乙烯酯、3%-5%的2-丙烯酰胺-2-甲基丙磺酸、0.05%-0.1%的引发剂、0.02%-0.04%的交联剂、0.3%-0.6%的防冻剂和0.2%-0.4%的缓蚀剂,余量为水。
- 根据权利要求1所述的增润剂,其特征在于,上述木质素磺酸盐为木质素磺酸钠、木质素磺酸钙中的一种或其混合物;上述引发剂为过氧化钠、过硫酸铵中的一种;交联剂为N-N亚甲基双丙烯酰胺。
- 根据权利要求1所述的增润剂,其特征在于,上述防冻剂为氯化钙;缓蚀剂为磷羧酸。
- 根据权利要求4所述的制备方法,其特征在于,制备的上述增润剂再与水进行充分搅 拌混合备用,增润剂与水按照质量比为1:50的比例进行充分搅拌混合。
- 根据权利要求4所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤三中的pH值为7-8。
- 根据权利要求4所述的制备方法,其特征在于,上述木质素磺酸盐为木质素磺酸钠、木质素磺酸钙中的一种或其混合物;上述引发剂为过氧化钠、过硫酸铵中的一种;交联剂为N-N亚甲基双丙烯酰胺。
- 根据权利要求4所述的制备方法,其特征在于,上述防冻剂为氯化钙;缓蚀剂为磷羧酸。
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115851232A (zh) * | 2022-11-17 | 2023-03-28 | 中煤科工集团沈阳研究院有限公司 | 一种环保型的高润湿性抑尘剂及其制备方法 |
| CN117843888A (zh) * | 2023-12-29 | 2024-04-09 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | 完井液提黏切剂及其制备方法、完井液体系 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109813849B (zh) * | 2019-02-14 | 2021-07-30 | 中国矿业大学 | 一种定量评估抑尘泡沫性能的方法 |
| CN110105920B (zh) * | 2019-06-04 | 2022-03-08 | 中国葛洲坝集团易普力股份有限公司 | 绿色高效矿山路面抑尘剂及其制备方法 |
| CN112459825B (zh) * | 2020-11-03 | 2022-11-18 | 山东科技大学 | 一种矿用抑尘-抑爆剂、制备方法及应用 |
| CN112174805B (zh) * | 2020-11-10 | 2023-02-03 | 杭州电化集团有限公司 | 一种低温不结晶乙酸钠的生产方法 |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| JP2021523971A (ja) | 2021-09-09 |
| CN108864382B (zh) | 2019-10-01 |
| JP7050364B2 (ja) | 2022-04-08 |
| CN108864382A (zh) | 2018-11-23 |
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