WO2020002497A1 - Dispositif et procédé de réticulation à micro-ondes réglées - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé de réticulation à micro-ondes réglées Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020002497A1
WO2020002497A1 PCT/EP2019/067139 EP2019067139W WO2020002497A1 WO 2020002497 A1 WO2020002497 A1 WO 2020002497A1 EP 2019067139 W EP2019067139 W EP 2019067139W WO 2020002497 A1 WO2020002497 A1 WO 2020002497A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cavity
microwaves
product
radiation field
microwave
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2019/067139
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Jens MÖCKEL
Original Assignee
Gerlach Maschinenbau Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gerlach Maschinenbau Gmbh filed Critical Gerlach Maschinenbau Gmbh
Publication of WO2020002497A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020002497A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
    • B29C35/08—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
    • B29C35/0277—Apparatus with continuous transport of the material to be cured
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/64—Heating using microwaves
    • H05B6/66—Circuits
    • H05B6/68—Circuits for monitoring or control
    • H05B6/686—Circuits comprising a signal generator and power amplifier, e.g. using solid state oscillators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/64—Heating using microwaves
    • H05B6/70—Feed lines
    • H05B6/705—Feed lines using microwave tuning
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/64—Heating using microwaves
    • H05B6/74—Mode transformers or mode stirrers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
    • B29C35/08—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation
    • B29C35/0805—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation
    • B29C2035/0855—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation using microwave

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for crosslinking one or more polar materials, in particular rubber, contained in a product, the product in particular having the shape of an endless extruded profile, with a cavity formed by at least one wall, and with at least one device for producing of microwaves for heating the material, the microwaves forming a radiation field in the cavity.
  • the invention also relates to a method for crosslinking one or more polar materials, in particular rubber, contained in a product, the product in particular having the shape of an endless extruded profile.
  • microwaves are used to warm the interior of the rubber profile.
  • the microwaves excite the dipolar molecules of the rubber mixture to vibrate, whereupon the rubber mixture heats up.
  • the microwaves are generated with magnetrons and transmitted to the cavity via hollow waveguides, in order to then, for example, at slot-shaped coupling passages from the
  • Hollow waveguide to be coupled out and into the cavity.
  • so-called slides are provided, with which the phase front of the microwave can be adjusted so that the
  • the microwave couples into the cavity essentially without loss.
  • the microwaves coupled into the cavity form a radiation field with areas of higher energy density and areas of low energy density, standing waves with intensity maxima and minima being formed in particular. Nevertheless, the heating of the materials to be cross-linked is not always
  • Rubber profile are not sufficiently heated and the crosslinking in the less heated areas is not sufficient. So far, attempts have been made to counteract this by increasing the temperature of the hot air.
  • An object of the invention is to develop a device of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that it enables better heating of the materials to be crosslinked.
  • means are provided in a device of the type mentioned at the outset, which are designed to target the radiation field used for heating in the cavity in order to optimize absorption of the radiation
  • the lower the reflection from the polar material the better the absorption of energy and thus the heating of the polar material. It is thus possible for a larger part of the energy introduced into the cavity via the microwaves to actually be absorbed by the material than in the case of previously known devices.
  • the proportion of microwaves that reflect and, for example, in the case of a tubular cavity expand uncontrollably in the longitudinal direction is lower, so that less microwave energy has to be absorbed in a device according to the invention.
  • the location of locations can be higher
  • the device for generating microwaves has means for setting the frequency of the microwaves generated within a frequency band.
  • this has the advantage that the microwave frequency can be adapted to the absorption capacity of the material.
  • the wavelength of the microwave depends on the frequency, the wave crests of a standing wave forming in the cavity can be compressed or stretched by changing the frequency. This can make the areas higher
  • Energy density can be changed in a targeted manner and positioned, for example, in an area through which the material profile runs.
  • the interference pattern of the microwave with other microwaves for example with waves reflected from walls of the cavity, but especially with microwaves from another neighboring microwave emitter, can be significantly changed in the cavity by a phase shift. This also allows the radiation field for the absorption of the microwaves by the material to be optimized.
  • a semiconductor microwave generator is particularly preferably provided as the device for generating microwaves.
  • the microwaves generated by a semiconductor microwave generator oscillate at a discrete frequency and not, as in the magnetrons used in known devices, over one
  • Radiation field generated semiconductor wave element is formed more uniform.
  • the frequency is also not subject to uncontrollable fluctuations, as is the case with a magnetron.
  • the frequency in the generation of microwaves can advantageously be controlled in a simple manner by a semiconductor element and shifted within a frequency range.
  • semiconductor elements are not subject to aging, or only very little, so that the properties of the microwave produced can be reproduced safely at any time.
  • the frequency of microwaves generated by semiconductor elements is not dependent on the impedance of the environment of an emitter antenna or the semiconductor element can be adjusted to the impedance of the environment so that it can emit microwaves of any frequency in any environment, so that microwaves generated with a semiconductor element a desired frequency in any Environments can be fed.
  • a semiconductor element has no emitter antenna, which, like a magnetron, is highly susceptible to
  • Protective devices such as those provided for magnetrons to protect the emitter antennas from reflecting microwaves, such as insulators or
  • Switch-off devices can be omitted.
  • the cavity has reflection surfaces for microwaves, the position of which is adjustable.
  • one or more reflecting surfaces, the position of which is adjustable can be provided on the outer wall of the cavity, preferably in the cross section of the cavity opposite the point at which the microwaves are fed in.
  • the reflection surfaces can, for example, be formed by a wall of the cavity itself, provided that its position relative to the microwave feed point can be changed.
  • the distance between the reflecting surface and the point at which the microwave is fed into the cavity can be exactly a multiple of 1/2 of the wavelength l of the microwave in order to generate a standing wave in the cavity that is as monomodal as possible.
  • the diverse areas of the cavity from which the microwaves can reflect it is difficult to achieve a uniform one
  • Reflection surfaces regardless of the wavelength l of the microwave, lead to a radiation field in the cavity that is better for heating the material.
  • Heating of the polar material can be optimized regardless of the type of microwave source.
  • Such a means for changing the radiation field can in principle also be used in conjunction with a magnetron.
  • Control means for adjusting the frequency or phase of the emitted
  • Microwave is not absolutely necessary.
  • areas of high energy density can be adapted to the position and geometry of the material and held in a corresponding position, for example during a continuous process. In this way, a product made of the material can be specifically heated in certain areas.
  • the energy density maximum can be exactly in the center of a radiation-field-formed, point symmetrical profile to be placed in cooperation with
  • Thermal conduction effects within the profile to achieve the most uniform possible heating of the profile is another example.
  • Another example is the targeted heating of an area, for example a particularly material-rich area in the case of complex ones
  • microwave portion that propagates through reflection in the cavity can be significantly reduced, so that absorbers at the ends of the area of microwave heating in the cavity ideally not needed.
  • the antenna can be arranged directly on the cavity, since it can emit microwaves of any frequency in any environment.
  • a waveguide for supplying the microwaves to the cavity as is necessary, for example, with a magnetron, can be dispensed with, so that the structural complexity of the device is reduced.
  • microwaves can be transmitted from the device for generating microwaves to the cavity with a hollow waveguide or a coaxial conductor.
  • the device for generating microwaves on the device regardless of the position of a coupling point at a preferred location, for example an easily accessible location.
  • a preferred frequency band in which the device for generating microwaves can generate microwaves is the frequency band between 2.4 and 2.5 GHz.
  • This frequency band is for industrial, scientific and medical purposes, e.g. reserved the use of microwaves to heat objects.
  • This frequency band can be used license-free and license-free in many countries.
  • a further preferred embodiment of the invention is characterized by a plurality of devices for generating microwaves, the microwaves of which are coupled into the cavity in such a way that they generate overlapping microwave fields.
  • the microwaves generated by the individual devices then overlap and generate one common microwave field.
  • This overlay can be used to determine and
  • Changing the areas of high energy density can be used. If, for example, the phase shift between the microwaves is changed, amplifications and / or extinguishments can be generated, so that the position and the microwaves
  • Energy density of areas of high energy density can be changed in order to specifically heat an area of a product formed by the material.
  • All devices for generating microwaves preferably have means for shifting the phase of the microwaves generated in order to be able to influence the radiation field in as many different ways as possible.
  • Device has at least one measuring device for determining the microwave energy absorbed by the material, in particular on the basis of a scattering parameter, and / or the material temperature.
  • An optimized formation of the radiation field can be determined from these measured values, for example by determining at which wavelength and / or at which phase shift the product heats up fastest.
  • the position of the product within the cavity as well as the product geometry can also be measured and integrated into one
  • a sensor for example for measuring a scattering parameter, can advantageously be installed in a compact manner in the head of a microwave emitter or can be formed by the head of the microwave emitter itself.
  • a control circuit can preferably be set up with the at least one measuring device, the frequency and / or phase of the emitted microwave and / or the position of one or more reflection surfaces each being a manipulated variable and the
  • Scattering value and / or a product temperature can be the controlled variable.
  • the heating of the material can then advantageously be carried out automatically and the
  • Microwave treatment can be automatically adapted to the respective material or its condition. This is particularly advantageous if polar materials of products of different geometries or
  • Composition should be networked in an alternating sequence.
  • the device according to the invention is intended, in particular, for vulcanizing rubber-containing products, preferably preferably strand products.
  • the cavity is designed in a channel-like manner with an opening for supplying the strand product and an opening for discharging the strand product.
  • the invention can also be used to vulcanize products containing polar materials in one essentially closed cavity can be used. In both embodiments it is preferred if the cavity has at least one
  • a method for crosslinking one or more polar materials, in particular rubber, contained in a product, the product in particular having the shape of an endless extruded profile, in a cavity, in particular with a device according to one of the preceding claims has the following method steps: a) generating a radiation field in the cavity with a device for generating microwaves for heating the material, b) guiding the product through the cavity; c) measuring a size representative of the microwaves reflected in the cavity, d) changing the frequency and / or phase of microwaves and / or the
  • steps c) and d) are carried out repeatedly within a control loop, in particular continuously around the position of the radiation field, which changes with the temperature of the material
  • the radiation field is changed continuously.
  • areas of high energy density of the radiation field can be moved continuously within the product, for example, moving back and forth.
  • each area of the workpiece absorbs the same amount of energy from the radiation field averaged over time Workpiece can be heated particularly evenly.
  • Energy density maximums can be generated, for example and particularly preferably, by continuously changing the frequency of the microwaves generated.
  • the frequency for this can oscillate within a certain frequency band, for example between the frequencies 2.4 and 2.5 GHz.
  • the microwaves can also be pulsed, for example with a pulse frequency greater than 1 kHz.
  • a pulse frequency greater than 1 kHz the energy introduced into a region of a workpiece formed from the material can be reduced over time.
  • areas of the product which pass through the radiation field in areas of high energy density are prevented from being overheated, and the heat is achieved within the product via thermal conduction, even if they should be comparatively bad, can distribute evenly.
  • the object on which the invention is based is also achieved by using a semiconductor microwave generator for crosslinking one or more polar elements contained in a product
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of a vulcanization device for
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of a cavity with a schematic
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic representation of a cavity with a schematic
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic representation of a cavity with a schematic
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic representation of a cavity with two side by side
  • Fig. 1 are the essential elements of a device for
  • Vulcanization of strand products with a cavity 1, a microwave generator 2 arranged outside the cavity 1 for generating microwaves and a waveguide 3, through the microwaves from the microwave generator 2 to one
  • Coupling point 4 for coupling the microwaves out of the waveguide 3 and coupling the microwave into the cavity 1 is shown.
  • An endless rubber profile 5 is passed through the cavity 1 on a conveyor belt 6.
  • the cavity 1 is designed like a channel, so that a hot air stream for heating the rubber profile can flow past it.
  • the rubber profile is additionally exposed in the area of the coupling point 4 to microwave radiation 7, which is ideally formed by monomodal, standing microwaves running transversely to the transport direction of the rubber profile.
  • microwave radiation 7 which is ideally formed by monomodal, standing microwaves running transversely to the transport direction of the rubber profile.
  • the microwaves within the cavity are often reflected on the rubber profile itself and also on the side walls of the cavity, so that a pattern of overlapping microwaves is formed and some of the microwaves also spread along the cavity, as indicated by the arrows 8.
  • the rubber profile 5 passes through the microwave radiation 7 in a region of low energy density (shown here as the node of the wave).
  • the wavelength and height of the cavity are not optimally coordinated with one another, so that the coupled-in microwave cannot form a monomodal standing wave with the wave reflected on the underside of the cavity 1.
  • Microwave radiation 7 (shown here as the belly of the wave) is shifted into an area through which the rubber profile passes.
  • the wavelength is matched to the height of the cavity 1, so that in the ideal case a monomodal standing wave can form.
  • Fig. 4 shows schematically a radiation field that is also optimized for the energy input into the rubber profile.
  • the wavelength of the microwave was shortened here and the reflection surface opposite the coupling point 4, which is formed by the lower wall of the cavity 1, was shifted downward.
  • the area of high energy density of the microwave radiation 7 (shown here as the belly of the wave) is shifted into an area through which the rubber profile runs.
  • the wavelength is matched to the height of the cavity 1, so that in the ideal case a monomodal standing wave can form.
  • FIG. 5 shows a cavity 11 with two coupling points 12, 13 for microwaves, which lie next to one another, so that the microwave fields emanating from the coupling points overlap.
  • a phase adjustment of the microwaves coupled into the cavity at the coupling points 12, 13 can produce a radiation field 14 with an interference pattern in which as many areas of high energy density as possible lie in the area of the rubber profile 15 passed through the cavity 11.
  • the coupling points do not have to lie directly next to one another, for example they can also be at different points
  • Walls of the cavity may be arranged or face each other. More than two coupling points can also be provided. Important for one
  • the variability of the radiation field in this exemplary embodiment is such that the microwaves coupled into the cavity from the coupling points overlap.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Heating, Cooling, Or Curing Plastics Or The Like In General (AREA)
  • Constitution Of High-Frequency Heating (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif destiné à réticuler un ou plusieurs matériaux polaires contenus dans un produit, en particulier du caoutchouc, le produit ayant en particulier la forme d'un profilé extrudé (5) sans fin, pourvu d'une cavité (1) réalisée dans au moins une paroi, et d'au moins un équipement destiné à produire des micro-ondes (2) destinées à chauffer le matériau, les micro-ondes formant un champ de rayonnement (7) dans la cavité. Pour améliorer le réchauffage du ou des matériaux polaires du produit, selon l'invention, le dispositif est pourvu de moyens qui servent à modifier le champ de rayonnement utilisé pour le chauffage dans la cavité de manière ciblée pour une absorption optimisée de l'énergie de rayonnement. L'invention concerne également un procédé destiné à réticuler un ou plusieurs matériaux polaires contenus dans un produit, en particulier avec le dispositif selon l'invention.
PCT/EP2019/067139 2018-06-29 2019-06-27 Dispositif et procédé de réticulation à micro-ondes réglées WO2020002497A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102018115827.0 2018-06-29
DE102018115827.0A DE102018115827A1 (de) 2018-06-29 2018-06-29 Vorrichtung zum Vernetzen mit geregelten Mikrowellen

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2020002497A1 true WO2020002497A1 (fr) 2020-01-02

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WO (1) WO2020002497A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102021121051A1 (de) * 2020-08-12 2022-02-17 Fricke Und Mallah Microwave Technology Gmbh Trocknung von filtermodulen und filtergehäusen mit einem frequenzgeführten mikrowellenprozess
CN114800990A (zh) * 2022-04-27 2022-07-29 青岛慧智兰智能科技有限公司 一种一次性手套微波加热设备

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DE2642335B1 (de) * 1976-09-21 1978-04-27 Purfuerst Kg Ing Buero Vorrichtung zum kontinuierlichen dielektrischen Erwaermen mittels Mikrowellenenergie
DE2825944A1 (de) * 1978-06-14 1979-12-20 Berstorff Gmbh Masch Hermann Verfahren und vorrichtung zum dielektrischen erwaermen mittels mikrowellenenergie
EP0010663A1 (fr) * 1978-10-26 1980-05-14 Paul Troester Maschinenfabrik Dispositif servant à chauffer des produits en caoutchouc au moyen d'énergie U.H.F.
EP0753240A1 (fr) * 1994-03-31 1997-01-15 Martin Marietta Energy Systems, Inc. Procede et appareil de traitement de materiaux par les micro-ondes
EP0792085A2 (fr) * 1996-02-23 1997-08-27 Unilever Plc Dispositif et procédé pour chauffer des objets par micro-ondes
US20030106891A1 (en) * 2001-10-19 2003-06-12 Magnus Fagrell Microwave heating apparatus
DE102012100591A1 (de) * 2012-01-24 2013-07-25 Jenoptik Katasorb Gmbh Anordnung und Verfahren zur Erwärmung eines Mediums mittels Mikrowellenstrahlung
US20170173846A1 (en) * 2015-12-22 2017-06-22 Mks Instruments, Inc. Method and Apparatus for Processing Dielectric Materials Using Microwave Energy

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FI844824A0 (fi) * 1984-12-05 1984-12-05 Raute Oy Foerfarande foer tillverkning av fanerbalk.
US7141769B2 (en) * 2005-04-01 2006-11-28 Cem Corporation Spectroscopy-based real-time control for microwave-assisted chemistry
FI122204B (fi) * 2008-09-11 2011-10-14 Raute Oyj Laite tasomaisten tuotteiden mikroaaltolämmitystä varten
CN102598851B (zh) * 2009-11-10 2015-02-11 高知有限公司 使用rf能量进行加热的装置和方法

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2642335B1 (de) * 1976-09-21 1978-04-27 Purfuerst Kg Ing Buero Vorrichtung zum kontinuierlichen dielektrischen Erwaermen mittels Mikrowellenenergie
DE2825944A1 (de) * 1978-06-14 1979-12-20 Berstorff Gmbh Masch Hermann Verfahren und vorrichtung zum dielektrischen erwaermen mittels mikrowellenenergie
EP0010663A1 (fr) * 1978-10-26 1980-05-14 Paul Troester Maschinenfabrik Dispositif servant à chauffer des produits en caoutchouc au moyen d'énergie U.H.F.
EP0753240A1 (fr) * 1994-03-31 1997-01-15 Martin Marietta Energy Systems, Inc. Procede et appareil de traitement de materiaux par les micro-ondes
EP0792085A2 (fr) * 1996-02-23 1997-08-27 Unilever Plc Dispositif et procédé pour chauffer des objets par micro-ondes
US20030106891A1 (en) * 2001-10-19 2003-06-12 Magnus Fagrell Microwave heating apparatus
DE102012100591A1 (de) * 2012-01-24 2013-07-25 Jenoptik Katasorb Gmbh Anordnung und Verfahren zur Erwärmung eines Mediums mittels Mikrowellenstrahlung
US20170173846A1 (en) * 2015-12-22 2017-06-22 Mks Instruments, Inc. Method and Apparatus for Processing Dielectric Materials Using Microwave Energy

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