WO2019243232A2 - Système hyperfréquence accordable - Google Patents
Système hyperfréquence accordable Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2019243232A2 WO2019243232A2 PCT/EP2019/065835 EP2019065835W WO2019243232A2 WO 2019243232 A2 WO2019243232 A2 WO 2019243232A2 EP 2019065835 W EP2019065835 W EP 2019065835W WO 2019243232 A2 WO2019243232 A2 WO 2019243232A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- resonator
- coupling device
- coupling
- guide
- resonators
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
- H01P5/04—Coupling devices of the waveguide type with variable factor of coupling
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
- H01P1/06—Movable joints, e.g. rotating joints
- H01P1/062—Movable joints, e.g. rotating joints the relative movement being a rotation
- H01P1/066—Movable joints, e.g. rotating joints the relative movement being a rotation with an unlimited angle of rotation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
- H01P1/06—Movable joints, e.g. rotating joints
- H01P1/062—Movable joints, e.g. rotating joints the relative movement being a rotation
- H01P1/066—Movable joints, e.g. rotating joints the relative movement being a rotation with an unlimited angle of rotation
- H01P1/067—Movable joints, e.g. rotating joints the relative movement being a rotation with an unlimited angle of rotation the energy being transmitted in only one line located on the axis of rotation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
- H01P1/165—Auxiliary devices for rotating the plane of polarisation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
- H01P1/10—Auxiliary devices for switching or interrupting
- H01P1/12—Auxiliary devices for switching or interrupting by mechanical chopper
- H01P1/122—Waveguide switches
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
- H01P1/20—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters
- H01P1/207—Hollow waveguide filters
- H01P1/211—Waffle-iron filters; Corrugated structures
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
- H01P1/20—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters
- H01P1/219—Evanescent mode filters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
- H01P5/12—Coupling devices having more than two ports
- H01P5/16—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port
- H01P5/18—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port consisting of two coupled guides, e.g. directional couplers
- H01P5/181—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port consisting of two coupled guides, e.g. directional couplers the guides being hollow waveguides
- H01P5/182—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port consisting of two coupled guides, e.g. directional couplers the guides being hollow waveguides the waveguides being arranged in parallel
Definitions
- the invention relates to
- the present invention relates to the field of systems operating in the field of microwave waves, typically of frequencies between 1 GHz to 30 GHz. More particularly, the present invention relates to systems which can be tuned in frequency and / or in bandwidth, or which perform functions of the coupler or switch type.
- a microwave wave received by a satellite must be amplified before being sent back to the ground.
- This amplification is only possible by separating all the frequencies received into channels, each corresponding to a given frequency band. Amplification is then performed channel by channel. Channel separation requires the development of bandpass filters.
- the frequency plan of a multiplexer or demultiplexer is fixed by design: the frequency and bandwidth of each channel are fixed from the start.
- a bandpass filter allows the propagation of a wave over a certain frequency range and attenuates this wave for other frequencies.
- a bandpass filter For frequencies around its center frequency, a bandpass filter has high transmission and low reflection.
- a bandpass filter comprises at least one resonator, the resonance mode of the filter corresponding to a particular distribution of the electromagnetic field which is excited at a particular frequency.
- the circular or square symmetry of the resonators simplifies the design of the filter.
- a resonator has, depending on its geometry, one or more resonance modes each characterized by a particular (remarkable) distribution of the electromagnetic field causing resonance of the microwave wave in the structure at a particular frequency.
- resonance modes TE for Electric Transverse or H in Anglo-Saxon terminology
- TM Magnetic Transverse or E in Anglo-Saxon terminology
- FIG. 1 describes by way of example the resonant frequencies of the different modes for an empty circular cavity as a function of the dimensions of the cavity (diameter D and height H).
- Input and output excitation means for the filter make it possible to introduce and bring out the wave from the cavity, coupling the wave with the guides / lines upstream and downstream of the filter.
- These coupling means are, for example, openings or slots called iris, coaxial or magnetic probes or microwave lines.
- iris openings or slots called iris
- coaxial or magnetic probes or microwave lines are, for example, openings or slots called iris, coaxial or magnetic probes or microwave lines.
- shape of the irises is relatively simple: rectangular, circular or cross-shaped.
- the bandwidth of the filter is characterized in different ways depending on the nature of the filter.
- the parameter S (the letter S comes from “Scattering matrix” in English terminology) is a parameter which accounts for the performance of the filter in terms of reflection and energy transmission as a function of frequency (under certain conditions such as 50 ohm adaptation).
- S1 1, or S22 corresponds to a measurement of the reflection and S12, or S21, to a measurement of the transmission.
- a typical example of parameters S1 1 and S12 of a filter is illustrated in FIG. 2.
- the curve 1 1 corresponds to the reflection S1 1 of the wave on the filter as a function of its frequency. For example, the equi-ripple bandwidth at 20 dB of reflection is noted 26.
- the filter has a central frequency corresponding to the frequency of the middle of the bandwidth.
- the curve 12 in FIG. 2 corresponds to the transmission S12 of the filter as a function of the frequency.
- the filter thus lets through a signal whose frequency is located in the passband, but the signal is nevertheless attenuated by the losses of the filter.
- a filter can consist of several resonators coupled together, each resonator having a resonance frequency, at first order also called pole. These frequencies are chosen close enough so that the filter has a wider bandwidth than that of a single resonator.
- the resonators are coupled together by irises.
- the irises take the form of holes in the metal wall separating the two resonators.
- the shape of the iris determines the type of coupling (inductive, capacitive or both) and the desired level of coupling. For example, a reduction in the height of the wall between the two guides creates a capacitive coupling while pinching across the width creates an inductive coupling.
- the classic forms of coupling iris are the rectangle, the circle, the cross.
- a tunable filter according to known art is illustrated in document US 2014/0028415. It comprises several resonators coupled together, each resonator comprising a dielectric element of a particular shape which is mobile in rotation. Its general principle is to modify the electromagnetic field inside the filter using these disturbers dielectric, to offset the frequency filter (changes in resonance frequencies).
- the dielectric elements are configured to all perform the same rotation. Depending on the value of the angle of rotation, the properties of the filter are modified, at the level of the pole values and therefore of the central frequency of the filter.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a new coupling device between two elements of a microwave system, this coupling device making it possible to vary the coupling in a simple and versatile manner, in order to produce a frequency tunable filter, in band bandwidth, a switch, or a coupler.
- the present invention relates to a tunable microwave system comprising at least two elements, each element being chosen from a propagating guide, an evanescent guide, a resonator, and at least one coupling device arranged between the two elements and configured to couple the two. elements between them.
- the coupling device comprises a support having an opening and comprising at least one element of elongated shape in a direction called direction of polarization included in a plane of the opening, the elongated element being integral with the periphery of the opening according to at least one end.
- the coupling device is configured to be movable in rotation about an axis substantially perpendicular to said plane of the opening so as to modify a value of the direction of polarization and so that the coupling between the two elements is a function of said value of the direction of polarization.
- the coupling device comprises a plurality of elongated elements parallel to each other.
- the elongated elements form a grid (Gri) in the opening.
- the elongated element or elements have the shape of a wire, bar or blade.
- the opening is circular or oval in shape.
- the elongated element or elements are made of metallized dielectric material or of metallic material, and are electrically connected to each other by a metallic contact disposed at the periphery of the opening.
- the support has the shape of a circular disc configured to be rotated manually or using a stepper micromotor.
- At least part of the support is made of dielectric material.
- the preceding system comprises n successive indexed resonators i varying from 1 to n, n being greater than or equal to 2, the indexed resonator 1 being called the input resonator and the indexed resonator n being called the output resonator, and two resonators successive i and i + 1 are coupled together by an associated coupling device, the system operating a tunable filter function with n poles.
- the system further comprises an input coupling device configured to couple an propagating input guide with the input resonator and an output coupling device configured to couple the output resonator with a propagating guide Release.
- the system comprises a resonator and a first evanescent guide disposed laterally with respect to said resonator with respect to a direction of propagation of a microwave wave in the system.
- the associated coupling device arranged between the resonator and the first evanescent guide is called the first lateral coupling device, and is configured to produce a variation of a resonant frequency of said resonator as a function of the direction of polarization.
- the system further comprises a second evanescent guide disposed on the side opposite to the first evanescent guide.
- the associated coupling device arranged between the resonator and the second evanescent guide is called the second lateral coupling device.
- the first and second lateral coupling devices are configured so as to have an identical polarization direction.
- the system comprises n indexed resonators i varying from 1 to n, n greater than or equal to 2, two successive resonators i and i + 1 being coupled together by an associated coupling device, at least one resonator i being also coupled to a first evanescent guide by a first lateral coupling device and if necessary to a second evanescent guide by a second lateral coupling device.
- the first and if necessary the second evanescent guide are arranged laterally with respect to said resonator with respect to a direction of propagation of a microwave wave in the system.
- an input coupling device is configured to couple an propagating input guide with the input resonator and an output coupling device is configured to couple the output resonator with a propagating output guide.
- the n resonators are configured so that a resonator i is also coupled with a resonator j different from i + 1 with an associated coupling device disposed between the resonator i and the resonator j.
- the coupling device arranged between the resonator i and the resonator j is configured to create interference effects between resonators allowing the addition of transmission zeros in the transmission of the tunable filter.
- the coupling device between the resonator i and the resonator i + 1 and the coupling device between the resonator j-1 and the resonator j are configured so that the coupling between said resonators each cancels for one determined value of the direction of polarization, so that the filter has a number of reconfigurable poles.
- the system comprises two contiguous propagating guides coupled together by an associated coupling device configured so the coupling between said propagating guides is canceled for a determined value of the direction of polarization.
- the system comprises two guides propagating parallel to each other, the associated coupling device being arranged in a wall common to the two guides and configured to carry out a transfer of a microwave wave propagating in one of the guides propagating in the another guide, said transfer being a function of the value of the direction of polarization.
- FIG. 1 already cited describes the frequencies of resonance of the different modes for an empty circular cavity according to the dimensions of the cavity (diameter D and height H).
- FIG. 2 already cited, describes an example of the characteristic of the parameters S1 1 and S12 of a filter.
- FIG. 3 illustrates a first variant of the tunable microwave system according to the invention.
- Figure 4 illustrates the different S12 transmission curves of a system consisting of two resonators coupled together by a coupling device consisting of a regular metal grid and a metal support (infinite electrical conductivity), depending on the angle taken by the direction of polarization Dp.
- FIG. 5 illustrates the coupling coefficient M as a function of the angle a for different grid configurations.
- FIG. 6 illustrates an embodiment in which at least part of the support is made of dielectric material.
- FIG. 7 illustrates the transmission S12 of the system according to the invention as illustrated in FIG. 3, with a coupling device whose support has a dielectric part, as illustrated in FIG. 6.
- FIG. 8 illustrates the variation of the coupling coefficient M as a function of a of the tunable filter, the operation of which is illustrated in FIG. 7.
- FIG. 9 illustrates a sectional view of a practical embodiment of a system as illustrated in FIG. 3 with a coupling device as illustrated in FIG. 6.
- FIG. 10 is a photograph of the various elements constituting the system of FIG. 9.
- FIG. 11 illustrates a third variant in which the tunable microwave system according to the invention comprises a resonator and a first evanescent guide disposed laterally relative to the resonator.
- FIG. 12 illustrates an example of evolution of the resonant frequency of the resonator as a function of the value of the angle b, for a system as illustrated in FIG. 11.
- Figure 13 illustrates a sectional view of a practical embodiment of a system as illustrated in Figure 1 1.
- FIG. 14 is a photograph of the various elements constituting the system of FIG. 13.
- FIG. 15 illustrates a system according to the invention in which the three variants are combined together.
- Figure 15a is a perspective view and Figure 15b a top view.
- FIG. 16 illustrates a system according to the invention with 4 resonators combining the three variants, each resonator comprising two lateral coupling devices.
- FIG. 17 describes an example of simulated performances of a 4-pole tunable filter as illustrated in FIG. 16.
- FIGS. 17a, 17b and 17c correspond to the curves S12 and S1 1 for three sets of values of the angles a and b.
- FIG. 18 illustrates a set of 6 successive resonators symbolized by circles, the coupling devices being symbolized by segments between the circles.
- Figure 19 illustrates the corresponding performance of the 6-pole filter.
- Figure 20 illustrates the corresponding coupling matrix
- Figure 21 illustrates the folded Figure 18 system.
- Figure 23 illustrates the response of the filter corresponding to the system of Figure 22.
- Figure 24 describes the corresponding coupling matrix.
- Figure 25 shows the 6 resonators of Figure 22, with zero coupling between Res2 and Res3 and between Res4 and Res5, and between Res3 and Res4.
- the filter here has 4 active resonators.
- Figure 26 illustrates the response of the filter corresponding to the system of Figure 25.
- FIG. 27 illustrates and the coupling matrix corresponding to the system of FIG. 25.
- FIG. 28 illustrates a system according to the invention comprising a set of 8 resonators, reconfigurable with 2, 4, 6 or 8 poles.
- FIG. 29 illustrates an embodiment in which the two elements are in-line propagating guides coupled together by an associated coupling device configured so that the coupling between the propagating guides is canceled for a determined value of the direction of polarization.
- FIG. 30 illustrates another embodiment in which the two propagating guides are parallel to each other and the associated coupling device is arranged in a wall common to the two guides.
- the tunable microwave system 10 is illustrated in FIG. 3 according to a first variant.
- the system 10 comprises at least two elements, each element being chosen from a propagating guide (typically metallic), an evanescent guide, a resonator and at least one CD coupling device arranged between the two elements and configured to couple the two elements together.
- FIG. 3 illustrates the first variant according to which the two elements are resonators Res1 and Res1. Other variants are described below.
- resonator is meant a metallic cavity of any shape, empty or comprising a dielectric or metallic element.
- the CD coupling device comprises a support Sp having an opening Ap and comprising at least one form element elongated 40 in a direction called polarization direction Dp, Dp being included in the plane P of the aperture Ap.
- the direction Dp is substantially included in the xy plane perpendicular to z.
- the elongate element 40 is integral with the periphery 30 of the opening at at least one end.
- the separation interface between the two elements defines a dry section as illustrated in FIG. 3.
- the CD coupling device at least partially forms a separation wall between the two elements.
- the CD coupling device according to the invention arranged in the Dry section alone constitutes the separation wall.
- there is a metal partition wall on either side of an opening the CD device then being disposed against this wall.
- the device CD fits into the opening of this wall (for example when the opening of the walls is circular).
- the coupling device is configured to be movable in rotation about an axis substantially perpendicular to the plane P of the opening so as to modify the value of the direction of polarization Dp, and is configured so that the coupling between the two elements is a function of this value of the direction of polarization.
- the CD coupling device performs a generic function of modifying the coupling between two elements, by simple rotation. Conventionally two elements chosen from the aforementioned elements are separated by an interface, typically a metal wall, which has an opening perpendicular to the plane of the interface between the two elements, called iris, allowing the coupling between the two elements.
- a GPE input propagating guide is coupled to the first resonator Res1 by an IRE input iris, consisting of a rectangular opening in the separation wall 20, and the second resonator Res2 is coupled to a GPS output propagating guide by an exit iris 1RS, also consisting of a rectangular opening in the separation wall 21.
- the elongated element 40 modifies the boundary conditions of the electric field at the level of the partition wall between the two elements, causing a deformation of the electric field, and therefore of the conditions of propagation thereof.
- the coupling then corresponds to a transfer of energy from one element to the other.
- the filter In the case of a filter composed of two resonators, the filter has two modes of resonance, and the coupling is defined by the frequency proximity of these two modes, allowing an energy exchange.
- the distribution of the electric field perpendicular to the direction of propagation is defined, for a given resonance mode, by 3 integers, this is the nomenclature of the mode.
- the two modes of resonance of the filter are identical except for the distribution of the fields in the interface between the resonators. It is therefore the distribution of the fields in this interface that will modify the frequency proximity of the two modes (or coupling).
- the CD system by modifying this distribution, modifies the coupling between these modes without changing their nomenclature (or nature).
- the coupling coefficient M is defined:
- the coupling device introduces a complex impedance seen by the electric field between the two elements.
- a modification of the coupling within the meaning of the invention covers a variation in the amplitude of a coupling of the same type, but also a change in the type of coupling, the device making it possible, under certain conditions, to pass from an inductive coupling to a capacitive coupling or vice versa as a function of a.
- a change in the nature of coupling results in a change in sign of M, that is to say a frequency f1 becomes greater than f2 (see below).
- the great versatility in the modification of the coupling effected by the CD device according to the invention opens up a vast field of applications, particularly for filters tunable in passband, central frequency, number of poles, etc.
- the value of the coupling coefficient M and its variation as a function of a, characterizing the coupling introduced by the device CD between the two elements Res1 and Res2, is a function of the following parameters: size / shape / thickness of the opening Ap, distribution / shape / material of the element (s) elongated, support material ...
- the coupling device comprises a plurality of elongated elements 40 parallel to each other, integral with the periphery at their two ends.
- the elongated element or elements form a grid Gri in the opening Ap as illustrated in FIG. 3.
- a full mesh of the opening makes it possible to obtain zero coupling, or “switch” effect (see further).
- the resonance modes used are rectilinearly polarized in the two cavities, whatever the type of TE mnp mode chosen.
- the elongated elements 40 have a shape of wire, bar or blade.
- the elements 40 can be made of dielectric material, metallized dielectric material or metallic material. The last two possibilities are preferred, for better polarization efficiency of the electric field.
- metallized or metallic bars 40 preferably these are electrically connected to each other by a metallic contact disposed at the periphery of the opening, on the periphery 30, so that they share a common mass.
- a metal strip covers the entire periphery 30.
- the shape of the ap Ap can be arbitrary. It is not necessarily centered on the Dry section separating the two elements. In this case, due to the asymmetry, an excursion of a of 180 ° or 360 ° o and prove necessary to obtain a maximum variation of the coupling.
- the opening Ap is of circular or oval shape.
- the shape of the opening is adapted according to the desired coupling law.
- the resonance modes are of TE 10p type, because for this type of mode the field is maximum in the middle of the coupling interface. But this is also the case for a TEnmp mode with n and m odd or harmful. However, the higher the order of the mode, the smaller the area of the maximum of this mode, and therefore the relatively low coupling obtained. Different configurations for the relative dimensions between the aperture Ap and the sec section are possible, depending on the desired coupling.
- the diameter of the opening Ap is greater than the small dimension of the dry section but less than the large dimension.
- the opening can also be greater than the dimension of the section (circular section) or the two dimensions of the section (rectangular section). Ap opening can also be entered in the Dry section for all angles used, or for part of them.
- the support Sp At the level of the support Sp, it can take any form.
- the support Sp has the shape of a circular disc, which makes it easy to rotate.
- the support is configured to be rotated manually or using a stepper micromotor.
- the support is made of metallic material or of metallized dielectric material.
- FIG. 4 illustrates the different transmission curves S12 of a system made up of two resonators coupled together by a CD device made up of a regular metallic grid and a support metallic (infinite conductivity), as a function of the angle a taken by the direction of polarization Dp.
- the dimensions of the two metal cavities of the resonators are identical, height 9.5 mm, width 19 mm and length 19 mm.
- the circular aperture Ap has a diameter of about 9.7 mm and a thickness of 1 mm.
- the bars are rectangular, section 0.5x0.5 mm, spaced 2 mm apart.
- FIG. 5 illustrates the coupling coefficient M calculated with formula 1 as a function of a for different grid configurations.
- the previous case is case a, the coupling coefficient is indeed zero from 50 °.
- Curve b corresponds to a finer iris case (1 mm), case c to thicker bars (rectangular section of 1 mm) and case d to an iris radius of 5 mm, with an identical grid in case a.
- FIG. 6 illustrates a coupling device consisting of a metal grid (or metallized), and a support Sp comprising a metal part on the periphery 30 of the opening connecting the bars together, and a part 35 on the periphery made of dielectric material.
- a coupling device consisting of a metal grid (or metallized), and a support Sp comprising a metal part on the periphery 30 of the opening connecting the bars together, and a part 35 on the periphery made of dielectric material.
- a ceramic Allumina, Zirconia, BMT
- plastic or fused silica.
- the Sec section defining the separation between the two resonators comprises a fraction of the grid Gri, a fraction of the metallic periphery and a fraction of the part 35 of dielectric material.
- changing the sign allows you to modify the filtering function, for example adding or removing transmission zeros.
- FIG. 7 illustrates the transmission S12 of the system 10 according to the invention as illustrated in FIG. 3, with a coupling device the support of which has a dielectric part, as illustrated in FIG. 6.
- Support radius 13.9 mm, opening radius 6 mm; dielectric material of the support with permittivity equal to 32.
- the curves are given for different values of a varying from 0 ° to 90 °.
- the frequency f2 is fixed, equal to 15; 67 GHz.
- the frequency f1 varies between 0 ° and 90 ° between 14.65 GHz (0 °) and 15.9 GHz (90 °).
- the coupling decreases between 0 ° and 60 °, value for which the coupling is zero (f1 (60 °) ⁇ f2), then the frequency f1 becomes greater than f2, which means that the coupling has changed sign, going from positive to negative.
- the variation of the corresponding coupling coefficient M therefore starts from a positive starting value Mmax for 0 °, goes through 0 to 60 ° and becomes negative, as illustrated in FIG. 8, corresponding to the evolution of the coupling coefficient M as a function of a of the tunable filter whose operation is illustrated in FIG. 7.
- FIG. 9 A sectional view of a practical embodiment of a system as illustrated in FIG. 3 with a coupling device as illustrated in FIG. 6 is described in FIG. 9 while a photograph of the different elements is illustrated in FIG. 10.
- the system according to the invention comprises a propagating guide and a resonator coupled between them by a coupling device.
- a coupling device for example according to an embodiment of the system 10 with n resonators, this comprises, in addition to the coupling devices CDi between resonators, an input coupling device CDE configured to couple a propagating guide input GPE with the resonator Input Res1 and a CDS output coupling device configured to couple the Resn output resonator with a propagating GPS output guide.
- the tunable microwave system comprises a resonator Res and a first evanescent guide EG1 disposed laterally with respect to the resonator Res with respect to a direction of propagation z of a microwave wave in the system.
- the first lateral coupling device CDL1 the associated coupling device, arranged between the resonator Res and the first evanescent guide EG1.
- the coupling device is configured to vary the resonant frequency of the resonator Res as a function of the direction of polarization Dp, measured by an angle b1.
- the coupling device CDL1 modifies the phase conditions of the resonator, which affects the resonance frequency of the mode used.
- the system 10 further comprises a second evanescent guide EG2 disposed on the side opposite to the first evanescent guide EG1, the associated coupling device disposed between the resonator Res and the second evanescent guide EG being called second lateral coupling device CDL2, as illustrated in FIG. 1 1.
- FIG. 13 A sectional view of a practical embodiment of a system as illustrated in FIG. 11 is described in FIG. 13 while a photograph of the different elements is illustrated in FIG. 14 (here part 35 of the support Sp made of dielectric material).
- the three variants can of course be combined with one another, as illustrated in FIG. 15 with two resonators Res1 and Res2 (15a perspective view and 15b top view).
- each resonator Res1 and Res2 comprises two lateral coupling devices, respectively CDL1 1 and CDL21 for Res1 and CDL12 and CDL22 for Res2.
- a system 10 combining the first and the third variant comprising n successive resi resonators indexed i varying from 1 to n, n greater than or equal to 2, the resonator indexed 1 Res1 being called the input resonator and the resonator indexed n Resn being called output resonator.
- Two successive resonators i and i + 1 are coupled together by an associated coupling device CDi, and at least one resonator i is moreover coupled to a first evanescent guide EG1 i by a first lateral coupling device CDL1 i and if necessary to a second evanescent guide EG2i by a second lateral coupling device CDL2i.
- the first and, if applicable, the second evanescent guide are arranged laterally with respect to said resonator Resi with respect to a direction of propagation z of a microwave wave in the system.
- system further comprises a CDE input coupling device configured to couple a GPE input propagating guide with the Resi input resonator and a device CDS output coupling configured to couple the Resn output resonator with a propagating GPS output guide.
- each Resi resonator comprising two lateral coupling devices CDL1 i and CDL2i coupling Res to EG1 i and EG2i respectively, is illustrated in FIG. 16. Only the grids are shown for better readability of the drawing .
- the dimensions of the cavities of the resonators Resi and the angles ai and b ⁇ are produced.
- FIG. 17 An example of simulated performances of a 4-pole tunable filter as illustrated in FIG. 16 is described in FIG. 17, FIGS. 17a, 17b and 17c corresponding to the curves S12 and S1 1 for three sets of values of the angles a and b.
- varying b makes it possible to modify the central frequency of the filter and varying a allows to modify the passband.
- a filter reconfigurable in central frequency and in bandwidth has been produced by simple rotations of the coupling devices according to the invention.
- some of the n resonators are configured so that it is also possible to couple at least one resonator i with a resonator j different from i + 1 and j> i, with an associated coupling device CDij disposed between the resonator i and resonator j.
- Figure 19 illustrates the corresponding performance of the 6-pole filter.
- Figure 20 illustrates the corresponding coupling matrix.
- This matrix is a 2D table gathering the values of the inter-resonator couplings (ex: Column 2 - Line 1: Coupling between resonator 1 & 2), as well as the frequency shifts of these resonators compared to the central frequency of the filter on the line middle (ex Column 1 - Row 1). It makes it possible to link the filtering function that one wishes to perform, after a Chebchev type synthesis for example, and the physical topology of the filter (number of resonators, couplings, signs of these value couplings, etc.).
- the letter S comes from Source and refers to the entry guide and the letter L to "Load” and refers to the exit guide.
- the coupling of a resonator i with a resonator j, j different from i + 1 and j> i, is carried out by folding back part of the line constituting the resonators, such as illustrated in FIG. 21. It becomes possible in this example to relate the resonators 2 and 5 and / or the resonators 1 and 6.
- the resonators thus folded have a common wall into which a CDij coupling device according to the invention can be inserted.
- FIG. 22 illustrates the configuration 21 with the device CD25 between Res2 and Res5, adjusted with a value of the coupling coefficient M 2 5 determined (angle a 2 5 determined).
- the coupling devices CDE, CDS, CDi and mainly the device CDij are configured so as to create interference effects between resonators (destructive interference at certain frequencies between the two defined electrical paths), making it possible to add transmission zeros in the response of the tunable filter.
- FIG. 23 This effect is illustrated in FIG. 23 with the transmission zeros 40 and 41, which make it possible to improve the slope of the bandwidth of the filter or selectivity.
- Figure 24 describes the corresponding coupling matrix. We note the existence of a 2-5 coupling, of fairly low value, but which it is necessary to generate to obtain the transmission zeros of the transfer function.
- each coupling can be individually adjusted to a predetermined value by a simple rotation.
- Each resonator in the folded configuration can of course have a lateral coupling device along the side wall in contact with the outside.
- some of the n resonators are also configured so that it is also possible to couple at least one resonator i with a resonator j different from i + 1 with an associated coupling device CDij disposed between the resonator i and the resonator j.
- the coupling device between the resonator i and the resonator i + 1 CDi and the device coupling between resonator j-1 and resonator j CDj-1 are configured so that the coupling between resonators i and i + 1, and between resonators j-1 and j is canceled for a determined value of the direction of polarization.
- the CDi coupling device then acts as a switch, disconnecting the two resonators. No more energy is transmitted from one resonator to the other. We thus short-circuited all the resonators between i and j and therefore reduced the number of poles of the filter. By varying the coupling between the resonators using the coupling devices, a filter is therefore produced with a number of reconfigurable poles.
- FIG. 25 An example using the 6 resonators of FIG. 22 is illustrated in FIG. 25.
- the coupling between Res2 and Res3 is canceled by CD2, the coupling between Res4 and Res5 is canceled by CD4, and the coupling between Res3 and Res4 is also zero.
- the coupling between Res2 and Res5 allows the energy to pass between these two resonators.
- the filter 10 then only comprises 4 active resonators, ie 4 poles.
- FIG. 26 The response of the filter corresponding to the system 10 in FIG. 25 is illustrated in FIG. 26, and the corresponding coupling matrix is illustrated in FIG. 27.
- a system 10 comprising a set of 8 resonators, reconfigurable with 2, 4, 6 or 8 poles is illustrated figure 28.
- the concept can be generalized to a matrix of nxm resonators.
- all the CDi devices arranged between i + 1 and j-1 have the same property of canceling the coupling for a value of a.
- Figure 25 the coupling between Res3 and Res4 is canceled by CD3.
- This "switch" function is preferably carried out with a plurality of bars in the aperture Ap, a single bar not easily allowing the coupling between two resonators to be canceled.
- a periodic grid improves the "switch” effect.
- a rectilinearly polarized mode is preferably used in the cavities.
- a tunable filter has been produced in central frequency, in bandwidth, and in number of poles, by varying the angle a of each coupling device.
- the two elements are two contiguous guides propagating GP1 and GP2.
- an associated coupling device CD1 configured so that the coupling between said propagating guides is canceled for a determined value of the direction of polarization.
- the switch either allows the entire microwave wave propagating in the guide GP1 to pass through GP2, or reflects this wave (zero coupling).
- the two propagating guides are parallel to each other and the associated coupling device CD1 is arranged in a wall common to the two guides, and is configured to carry out a transfer of a microwave wave propagating in a guides in the other, the transfer being a function of the value of the direction of polarization.
- the wave remains in GP1.
- an adjustable part or the entire wave passes into GP2. This produces a coupler function.
- the propagating guides cross.
Landscapes
- Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP19730180.7A EP3811457A2 (fr) | 2018-06-21 | 2019-06-17 | Système hyperfréquence accordable |
CA3104561A CA3104561A1 (fr) | 2018-06-21 | 2019-06-17 | Systeme hyperfrequence accordable |
US17/254,496 US11335985B2 (en) | 2018-06-21 | 2019-06-17 | Tunable microwave system |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1800641A FR3083015B1 (fr) | 2018-06-21 | 2018-06-21 | Systeme hyperfrequence accordable |
FR18/00641 | 2018-06-21 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2019243232A2 true WO2019243232A2 (fr) | 2019-12-26 |
WO2019243232A3 WO2019243232A3 (fr) | 2020-02-27 |
Family
ID=65031125
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2019/065835 WO2019243232A2 (fr) | 2018-06-21 | 2019-06-17 | Système hyperfréquence accordable |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US11335985B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP3811457A2 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA3104561A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR3083015B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2019243232A2 (fr) |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20140028415A1 (en) | 2012-07-27 | 2014-01-30 | Thales | Frequency-tunable band-pass filter for microwave |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2634332A (en) * | 1951-01-24 | 1953-04-07 | Gen Precision Lab Inc | Microwave power divider |
US2813254A (en) * | 1952-05-23 | 1957-11-12 | Robert D Hatcher | Broad band maching hybrid waveguide |
US3634788A (en) * | 1967-09-27 | 1972-01-11 | Int Standard Electric Corp | Waveguide filter |
US8917149B2 (en) * | 2011-03-22 | 2014-12-23 | Sony Corporation | Rotary joint for switchably rotating between a jointed and non-jointed state to provide for polarization rotation |
WO2015117680A1 (fr) * | 2014-02-10 | 2015-08-13 | Esa European Space Agency | Filtre en guide d'onde rectangulaire à constante localisée |
DE102015005613B4 (de) * | 2015-04-30 | 2017-04-06 | Kathrein-Werke Kg | Multiplexfilter mit dielektrischen Substraten zur Übertragung von TM-Moden in transversaler Richtung |
US10615472B2 (en) * | 2018-03-08 | 2020-04-07 | Raytheon Company | Feed polarizer step twist switch |
-
2018
- 2018-06-21 FR FR1800641A patent/FR3083015B1/fr active Active
-
2019
- 2019-06-17 CA CA3104561A patent/CA3104561A1/fr active Pending
- 2019-06-17 WO PCT/EP2019/065835 patent/WO2019243232A2/fr active Application Filing
- 2019-06-17 EP EP19730180.7A patent/EP3811457A2/fr active Pending
- 2019-06-17 US US17/254,496 patent/US11335985B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20140028415A1 (en) | 2012-07-27 | 2014-01-30 | Thales | Frequency-tunable band-pass filter for microwave |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2019243232A3 (fr) | 2020-02-27 |
FR3083015A1 (fr) | 2019-12-27 |
FR3083015B1 (fr) | 2021-12-17 |
US20210167477A1 (en) | 2021-06-03 |
CA3104561A1 (fr) | 2019-12-26 |
EP3811457A2 (fr) | 2021-04-28 |
US11335985B2 (en) | 2022-05-17 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP2184801B1 (fr) | Dispositif de filtrage différentiel à résonateurs couplés coplanaires et antenne filtrante munie d'un tel dispositif | |
EP2345104B1 (fr) | Systeme d'antenne dipole differentielle a structure rayonnante coplanaire et dispositif d'emission/reception | |
EP2184803B1 (fr) | Ligne à retard bi-ruban différentielle coplanaire, filtre différentiel d'ordre supérieur et antenne filtrante munis d'une telle ligne | |
EP0047203B1 (fr) | Filtre hyperfréquence à résonateur diélectrique, accordable dans une grande largeur de bande | |
EP2195877B1 (fr) | Coupleur-separateur d'emission-reception multibande a large bande de type omt pour antennes de telecommunications hyperfrequences | |
EP3726642B1 (fr) | Ecran polariseur a cellule(s) polarisante(s) radiofrequence(s) large bande | |
FR2977382A1 (fr) | Filtre stop bande a rejection elevee et duplexeur utilisant de tels filtres | |
FR3015783A1 (fr) | Filtre hyperfrequence passe bande accordable par rotation relative d'une section d'insert et d'un element dielectrique | |
EP2797161B1 (fr) | Filtre hyperfréquence avec élément diélectrique | |
FR2546340A1 (fr) | Filtre hyperfrequence coupe-bande accordable, de type coaxial, a resonateurs dielectriques | |
EP3180816B1 (fr) | Source multibande a cornet coaxial avec systemes de poursuite monopulse pour antenne a reflecteur | |
EP3224897B1 (fr) | Dispositif de filtrage et ensemble filtrant a structure de bandes electriquement conductrices | |
FR2994028A1 (fr) | Filtre passe bande accordable en frequence pour onde hyperfrequence | |
FR2680605A1 (fr) | Filtre coupe-bande en ceramique monolithique a plusieurs etages, ou les etages sont isoles les uns des autres. | |
WO2019243232A2 (fr) | Système hyperfréquence accordable | |
EP0127526A1 (fr) | Dispositif de filtrage à ondes magnétostatiques | |
EP0075498B1 (fr) | Filtre à cavités, présentant un couplage entre cavités non adjacentes | |
FR2994029A1 (fr) | Filtre accordable en frequence a resonateur dielectrique | |
FR2871618A1 (fr) | Filtre basse-bande hyperfrequence de type finline | |
EP2887451A1 (fr) | Filtre hyperfréquence passe-bande accordable par rotation d'un élément diélectrique | |
EP3035445B1 (fr) | Coupleur de jonction a mode orthogonal et separateur de polarisations et de frequences associe | |
EP0520919B1 (fr) | Dispositif de filtrage d'ondes électromagnétiques circulant dans un guide d'ondes à symétrie de révolution, à tronçons de guides d'ondes de filtrage rectangulaires insérés | |
FR2849718A1 (fr) | Filtre passe-bande hyperfrequence en guide d'ondes plan e, a reponse pseudo-elliptique | |
EP4395063A1 (fr) | Filtre bi bande pour chaîne de réception iff/ads-b | |
WO2023233352A1 (fr) | Filtre à guide d'ondes en peigne à résonateurs omnidirectionnels |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 19730180 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A2 |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 3104561 Country of ref document: CA |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2019730180 Country of ref document: EP |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2019730180 Country of ref document: EP Effective date: 20210121 |