WO2019242938A1 - Structure composite pour un véhicule, véhicule équipé d'une structure composite et procédé de fabrication de la structure composite - Google Patents

Structure composite pour un véhicule, véhicule équipé d'une structure composite et procédé de fabrication de la structure composite Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019242938A1
WO2019242938A1 PCT/EP2019/062290 EP2019062290W WO2019242938A1 WO 2019242938 A1 WO2019242938 A1 WO 2019242938A1 EP 2019062290 W EP2019062290 W EP 2019062290W WO 2019242938 A1 WO2019242938 A1 WO 2019242938A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fiber
composite structure
functional
strands
vehicle
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2019/062290
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Klaus Hermann
Hilke Schaer
Daniel Heim
Original Assignee
Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft
Publication of WO2019242938A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019242938A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/06—Fibrous reinforcements only
    • B29C70/10—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres
    • B29C70/16—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of substantial or continuous length
    • B29C70/22—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of substantial or continuous length oriented in at least two directions forming a two dimensional structure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/88—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts characterised primarily by possessing specific properties, e.g. electrically conductive or locally reinforced
    • B29C70/882—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts characterised primarily by possessing specific properties, e.g. electrically conductive or locally reinforced partly or totally electrically conductive, e.g. for EMI shielding
    • B29C70/885—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts characterised primarily by possessing specific properties, e.g. electrically conductive or locally reinforced partly or totally electrically conductive, e.g. for EMI shielding with incorporated metallic wires, nets, films or plates

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a composite structure for a vehicle, comprising a fiber-reinforced plastic region with a woven fiber section which is embedded in a plastic matrix, the woven fiber section having first fiber strands in a first fiber direction and second fiber strands in a second fiber direction, the first fiber direction runs transverse to the second fiber direction.
  • the invention further relates to a vehicle with such a composite structure and a method for producing such a composite structure.
  • Various composite structures for vehicle construction are known in the prior art.
  • Carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) are now particularly widespread, particularly in the luxury segment and / or in the sports car sector. On the one hand, these can be installed on the vehicle for visual reasons in order to differ from conventional vehicles.
  • CFRP components are also used as functional components in order to achieve the highest possible strength and / or temperature resistance, for example with the lowest possible weight.
  • CFRP components usually consist of carbon fibers embedded in a matrix made of synthetic resin.
  • the mechanical properties of the cured composite benefit above all from the tensile strength and rigidity of the carbon fibers.
  • the matrix prevents the fibers from shifting against each other under load. To do this, the matrix must adhere to the fiber, otherwise the components may fail.
  • CFRP components are significantly higher in the direction of the fibers than transverse to the direction of the fibers.
  • the strength across the fiber is lower than with an unreinforced matrix. That is why individual fiber layers or fiber strands laid in different directions. This can be done in a weaving or braiding process.
  • Carbon fibers have a significantly lower density than materials such as steel. Depending on the type of fiber, their weight-specific stiffness in the direction of the fiber can be higher than that of steel. In this way, a particularly stiff component assembly can be produced, which is particularly suitable for applications with a directed main load direction, in which a low mass with high rigidity is important.
  • fiber composite components for different applications have to be designed to be more voluminous in order to withstand the same forces as a corresponding metal component, as a result of which the weight advantage is reduced.
  • a component made of CFRP has relatively brittle fracture properties.
  • the object of the present invention is to at least partially take into account the above-described problematic.
  • a composite structure for a vehicle has a fiber-reinforced plastic area with a woven fiber section, which is in a plastic matrix is embedded, on, wherein the woven fiber section has first fiber strands in a warp direction and second fiber strands in a weft direction and the warp direction extends transversely to the weft direction.
  • At least one functional fiber runs parallel to and between the first fiber strands in the warp direction and / or parallel to and between the second fiber strands in the weft direction, the at least one functional fiber having a different material composition than the fibers of the first fiber strands and the second fiber strands.
  • the at least one functional fiber can be understood to mean a plurality of functional fibers provided separately from one another and / or a functional fiber which has a plurality of functional fiber sections running parallel to one another.
  • the desired effects can be achieved in a simple and inexpensive manner with at least one suitable functional fiber.
  • the at least one functional fiber is to be understood in particular as a wire-shaped fiber element which preferably consists of a predefined material composition by means of which the desired function can be achieved.
  • the fiber-reinforced plastic area is to be understood as an area of the composite structure in which a fiber-reinforced fabric section is designed. Embedding in the plastic matrix is to be understood as reinforcement by the plastic matrix, in that the plastic matrix at least partially encompasses the woven fiber section and / or is positively connected to it.
  • the warp direction runs transversely, in particular orthogonally or at least essentially orthogonally to the weft direction.
  • the at least one functional fiber runs parallel or at least substantially parallel to and between the first fiber strands in the warp direction and / or parallel or at least substantially parallel to and between the second fiber strands in the weft direction.
  • the arrangement of the functional fiber parallel to and between the first and / or second fiber strands is understood to mean that the at least one functional fiber is sandwiched at least at one point, preferably at several points, between two fiber strands, that is to say between two first fiber strands or between two Second fiber strands is arranged, wherein the at least one functional fiber does not have to touch the respective fiber strands, between which it runs parallel or essentially parallel.
  • fiber strands and functional fibers are always arranged alternately in the weft direction and / or in the warp direction.
  • the functional fiber In addition to the arrangement of the functional fiber described above, it is also possible to position the functional fiber directly within at least one fiber strand in the warp direction and / or in the weft direction, that is to say within at least one first fiber strand and / or within at least one second fiber strand In this case, the at least one functional fiber can be integrated almost invisibly into the composite structure.
  • a fiber strand can be understood to mean a fiber bundle, that is to say a bundle with several fibers.
  • the fiber strand can have a round, elliptical or rectangular cross section.
  • the fibers of the first fiber strands and of the second fiber strands to be carbon fibers in a composite structure.
  • the composite structure in the basic structure is a known CFRP component or a corresponding one CFRP structure, which, however, is supplemented by the at least one functional fiber according to the invention, and in which, if appropriate, selected fiber strands have been dispensed with or have been replaced by a functional fiber.
  • a CFRP component can, as described above, be supplemented with additional advantageous functions in a simple and inexpensive manner by means of the at least one functional fiber.
  • the at least one functional fiber of a composite structure according to the invention has at least one metal fiber and / or at least one glass fiber.
  • the at least one metal fiber allows the electrical conductivity of the composite structure to be specifically improved or manufactured.
  • the composite structure can accordingly be used in areas in which it has not previously been possible to use.
  • Steel fibers, in particular stainless steel fibers have been found to be particularly suitable metal fibers.
  • Steel or stainless steel fibers can specifically improve fracture properties with regard to ductility and / or the strength of the composite structure.
  • a noble metal fiber for example at least one silver fiber and / or at least one gold fiber, is used as the at least one metal fiber.
  • the at least one precious metal fiber is particularly corrosion-resistant.
  • the at least one metal fiber or functional fiber is coated in a composite structure according to the present invention.
  • at least one lacquered functional fiber instead of a high-quality functional fiber in the form of at least one stainless steel fiber and / or noble metal fiber.
  • the at least one functional fiber can be configured, for example, as at least one lacquered copper fiber.
  • the lacquer can be designed in the form of an anti-corrosion lacquer and / or an insulating lacquer for the electrical insulation of the at least one functional fiber.
  • the composite structure has a plurality of functional fibers or functional fiber sections, the first fiber strands and the functional fibers in the warp direction and / or the second fiber strands and the functional fibers in the weft direction being arranged alternately parallel to one another, preferably spaced apart from one another.
  • This structure has been found in tests within the scope of the present invention as a particularly advantageous compromise in terms of weight, cost and the desired function of the function fibers or functional fiber sections.
  • the at least one functional fiber runs only in the warp direction.
  • Such a composite structure can be produced particularly easily and inexpensively. It has been shown that a placement of the at least one functional fiber in the warp direction can nevertheless be sufficient to achieve the desired properties in the composite structure.
  • the composite structure in the case of a composite structure according to the present invention, it is also possible for the composite structure to have a layer structure with a cover layer and functional layers underneath, the at least one functional fiber running exclusively in the cover layer. It has been shown that it is sufficient for the presently desired functional improvements in the composite structure in terms of fracture properties, strength and / or electrical conductivity if the at least one functional fiber runs exclusively in the cover layer of the composite structure. As a result, the desired functional influencing of the composite structure can be implemented relatively inexpensively.
  • the lower functional layers of the composite structure can comprise biax fabrics, knitted fabrics and / or other material compositions and / or layers.
  • a vehicle having a composite structure as described in detail above, wherein at least part of the body and / or a fitting of the vehicle has such a composite structure.
  • the vehicle is preferably designed in the form of a motor vehicle, in particular in the form of a car or truck.
  • the invention is not limited to road vehicles.
  • the vehicle can also be understood to mean an aircraft, a watercraft, a rail vehicle or a robot.
  • a method for producing a composite structure as described above has the following steps:
  • the at least one functional fiber Interweaving the first fiber strands, the second fiber strands and the at least one functional fiber to form the woven fiber section, in which the at least one functional fiber runs parallel to and between the first fiber strands in the warp direction and / or parallel to and between the second fiber strands in the weft direction, and
  • fibers for example carbon fibers
  • for providing the first fiber strands and the second fiber strands can each be provided on a winding spool and a functional fiber on a further winding spool.
  • the fibers or carbon fibers and the functional fiber can now first be applied to a warp beam and then woven together to secure the composite structure.
  • the intermediate step for providing the fibers on the warp beam can also be dispensed with.
  • the fiber section is preferably embedded in the plastic matrix in an RTM or wet pressing process.
  • FIG. 1 shows a plan view of a section of a composite structure according to an embodiment according to the invention
  • Figure 2 is a plan view of a section of a in the prior art
  • Figure 3 is a side view of a composite structure according to a
  • Figure 4 is a plan view of a vehicle with a composite structure according to a
  • FIG. 5 shows a flow chart for explaining a method according to a
  • FIG. 1 shows schematically a composite structure 1 for a vehicle 2 according to a first embodiment.
  • the composite structure 1 has a fiber-reinforced plastic area with a woven fiber section which is embedded in a plastic matrix.
  • the woven fiber section has first fiber strands 3 in a weft direction and second fiber strands 4 in a warp direction, the warp direction being transverse, more precisely orthogonal to the weft direction.
  • Functional fibers 5 or corresponding functional fiber sections run parallel to and in the warp direction between the first fiber strands 3 in the warp direction. More precisely, the functional fibers 5 run alternately to the first fiber strands 3. Between the second fiber strands 4 run in the weft direction, viewed in the weft direction, no functional fibers 5.
  • the first fiber strands 3 and the second fiber strands 4 each have carbon fibers and are provided in the form of a CFRP composite.
  • the functional fibers 5 are provided in the form of noble ray fibers or noble ray wires. Alternatively, lacquered copper fibers and / or precious metal fibers could also be used.
  • FIG. 2 shows a composite structure T known in the prior art for comparison of the composite structure 1 shown in FIG. 1. As can be seen in FIG. 2, this composite structure T has no functional fibers 5.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic side view of the composite structure 1 shown in FIG. 1.
  • the composite structure 1 shown has a layer structure with a cover layer 1 a and underlying functional layers 1 b, 1 c, 1d, 1 e, the functional fibers 5 running only in the cover layer 1 a.
  • the functional layers 1 b, 1 c, 1d, 1 e have different biax fabrics, knitted fabrics, etc., depending on the application.
  • a vehicle 2 with the composite structure 1 shown in Fig. 1 is Darge. It should be pointed out here that the composite structure 1 in FIG. 4 is shown relatively coarse-meshed for better recognition of the functional fibers 5 and does not correspond to the reality in which the composite structure 1 has a clearly smaller mesh is provided.
  • the vehicle roof has the composite structure 1 in question or is partially formed from it.
  • a method for locating the above-described composite structure 1 is subsequently explained with reference to FIG. 5.
  • the first fiber strands 3 and the second fiber strands 4 are first each provided on a winding spool.
  • the functional fiber 5 is provided on a winding spool. Steps S1 and S2 can of course also be carried out in a different order or simultaneously.
  • the fiber strands 3, 4 and the functional fiber 5 are connected in a third step S3 to a woven fiber section as shown in FIG. 1, in which the at least one functional fiber 5, viewed in the warp direction, is parallel to and between the first fiber strands 3 runs in warp direction.
  • the fiber section is then embedded in a fourth step S4 for Fierstel len the composite structure 1 in a plastic matrix.
  • the fiber section is embedded in the plastic matrix in an RTM or wet pressing process.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
  • Woven Fabrics (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une structure composite (1) destinée à un véhicule (2), comprenant une zone de matière synthétique renforcée avec des fibres ayant un secteur de fibres tissées, qui est incorporé dans une matrice de matière synthétique, le secteur de fibres tissées comprenant des premiers faisceaux de fibres (3) dans une direction de chaîne et des seconds faisceaux de fibres (4) dans une direction de trame, la direction de chaîne étant perpendiculaire à la direction de trame. La structure composite est caractérisée en ce qu'au moins une fibre fonctionnelle (5) est positionnée parallèle aux premiers faisceaux de fibres (3) et entre ceux-ci dans la direction de chaîne et/ou au moins une fibre fonctionnelle (5) est positionnée parallèle aux seconds faisceaux de fibres (4) et entre ceux-ci dans la direction de trame, et en ce que la ou les fibres fonctionnelles (5) présentent une composition matérielle autre que celle des premiers faisceaux de fibres (3) et des seconds faisceaux de fibres (4). La présente invention concerne en outre un véhicule (2) équipé d'une structure composite (1) selon l'invention ainsi qu'un procédé de fabrication d'une structure composite (1) selon l'invention.
PCT/EP2019/062290 2018-06-20 2019-05-14 Structure composite pour un véhicule, véhicule équipé d'une structure composite et procédé de fabrication de la structure composite WO2019242938A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102018209935.9 2018-06-20
DE102018209935.9A DE102018209935A1 (de) 2018-06-20 2018-06-20 Verbundstruktur für ein Fahrzeug, Fahrzeug mit der Verbundstruktur und Verfahren zum Herstellen der Verbundstruktur

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2019242938A1 true WO2019242938A1 (fr) 2019-12-26

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PCT/EP2019/062290 WO2019242938A1 (fr) 2018-06-20 2019-05-14 Structure composite pour un véhicule, véhicule équipé d'une structure composite et procédé de fabrication de la structure composite

Country Status (2)

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DE (1) DE102018209935A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2019242938A1 (fr)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0074263A2 (fr) * 1981-09-04 1983-03-16 Lear Fan Corp. Structure stratifiée renforcée de fibres de graphite capable de résister aux atteintes de foudre
FR2587534A1 (fr) * 1985-09-13 1987-03-20 France Etat Armement Procede d'obtention d'une zone electriquement conductrice sur une piece non conductrice
EP1682707A1 (fr) * 2003-11-06 2006-07-26 Hexcel Corporation Tissu a double armure a verrouillage et ses procedes de production et d'utilisation
JP2006265769A (ja) * 2005-03-24 2006-10-05 Toray Ind Inc 導電性織物およびその製造方法

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1174292A (en) * 1966-03-14 1969-12-17 Brunswick Corp Composite Materials
LU80296A1 (fr) * 1978-09-28 1980-04-21 Bekaert Sa Nv Structures amortissant des vibrations mecaniques
DE102006010231A1 (de) * 2005-03-02 2007-05-03 Czichowski, Norbert Kunststoffhaltiges System
WO2012120628A1 (fr) * 2011-03-08 2012-09-13 トヨタ自動車株式会社 Procédé de production de matière résineuse renforcée de fibres
JP2015178241A (ja) * 2014-03-19 2015-10-08 トヨタ自動車株式会社 繊維強化樹脂材の製造方法
DE102015213342B3 (de) * 2015-07-16 2016-11-24 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Strukturbauteil in einem Fahrzeug sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung eines solchen Strukturbauteils
DE102016122722A1 (de) * 2016-11-24 2018-05-24 CENTER OF MARITIME TECHNOLOGIES e.V. Verbindungselement für metallischen Werkstoff und faserverstärkten Werkstoff

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0074263A2 (fr) * 1981-09-04 1983-03-16 Lear Fan Corp. Structure stratifiée renforcée de fibres de graphite capable de résister aux atteintes de foudre
FR2587534A1 (fr) * 1985-09-13 1987-03-20 France Etat Armement Procede d'obtention d'une zone electriquement conductrice sur une piece non conductrice
EP1682707A1 (fr) * 2003-11-06 2006-07-26 Hexcel Corporation Tissu a double armure a verrouillage et ses procedes de production et d'utilisation
JP2006265769A (ja) * 2005-03-24 2006-10-05 Toray Ind Inc 導電性織物およびその製造方法

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