WO2019242211A1 - 电机、云台及无人机 - Google Patents
电机、云台及无人机 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2019242211A1 WO2019242211A1 PCT/CN2018/114319 CN2018114319W WO2019242211A1 WO 2019242211 A1 WO2019242211 A1 WO 2019242211A1 CN 2018114319 W CN2018114319 W CN 2018114319W WO 2019242211 A1 WO2019242211 A1 WO 2019242211A1
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- bearing
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- casing
- iron core
- pressing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
- H02K5/24—Casings; Enclosures; Supports specially adapted for suppression or reduction of noise or vibrations
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/08—Structural association with bearings
Definitions
- the embodiments of the present application relate to the technical field of drones, and in particular, to a motor, a gimbal, and a drone.
- Unmanned aerial vehicle is an unmanned aircraft that controls flight attitude through radio remote control equipment and built-in programs. Due to its advantages such as maneuverability, fast response, unmanned operation, and low operating requirements, etc. , Has been widely used in aerial photography, plant protection, power inspection, disaster relief and many other fields.
- the inventor found that after the motor runs, it is easy to generate vibration and noise due to the large internal clearance of the bearing, which further affects the shooting effect of the gimbal driven by the motor.
- the conventional motor structure is generally not convenient for bearing preloading, and the preloading process has a long operation time and low production efficiency.
- the embodiments of the present application provide a motor, a gimbal, and an unmanned aerial vehicle, which can solve the problems that conventional motors are not convenient for bearing preload, long operation time, and low production efficiency.
- a technical solution adopted in the present application is to provide a motor including a stator assembly and a rotor assembly sleeved on the stator assembly and rotatable around the stator assembly; wherein,
- the stator assembly includes a stator base, an iron core, a coil, and a first bearing.
- the iron core is sleeved on the stator base, the coil is wound around the iron core, and the first bearing is received in the stator.
- the rotor assembly includes a casing, a permanent magnet, and a rotating shaft; the casing is rotatably sleeved on an outer periphery of the iron core; and the permanent magnet is disposed on a surface of the casing facing the iron core.
- One end of the rotating shaft is fixedly mounted on the casing, and the other end is mounted on the first bearing;
- a pre-compression hole for installing a pre-compression fixture is provided at one end of the rotation shaft connected to the first bearing.
- the stator base includes a base and a cylinder provided at a middle portion of the base, and a first bearing cavity is disposed at an end of the cylinder remote from the rotor assembly, and the first bearing receives To the first bearing cavity.
- a mounting hole is provided at an opening of an end of the cylinder body remote from the rotor assembly, the mounting hole is in communication with the first bearing cavity, and the first bearing is at least partially exposed to Mentioned mounting holes.
- the rotation axis is an optical axis.
- a second bearing cavity is further provided at an end of the cylinder body facing the rotor assembly; the stator assembly further includes a second bearing, the second bearing is housed in the second bearing cavity, and , The second bearing is in contact with the rotor assembly.
- the casing includes an upper cover and a casing extending from an edge of the upper cover, the casing is sleeved on an outer periphery of the iron core, and the upper cover faces a surface of the base.
- a contact portion is provided, and the contact portion is in contact with the second bearing.
- a depth of the pre-pressing hole is greater than a height of a component in the pre-pressing fixture that cooperates with the pre-pressing hole.
- the pre-pressing hole is a blind hole
- the pre-pressing jig is a pre-pressing weight.
- the pre-pressing weight includes a main body portion and a mounting shaft provided on the main body portion. A mounting shaft is installed in the pre-pressing hole, and the main body portion is in contact with a surface of the first bearing facing away from the rotor assembly.
- the depth of the pre-pressing hole is at least 1.5 mm, and the inner diameter is at least 1 mm.
- the difference between the depth of the pre-pressing hole and the height of the mounting shaft is at least 0.2 mm.
- the pre-compression hole is a threaded hole
- the pre-compression fixture is a screw and a torque batch
- the torque batch is used to install the screw in the screw hole.
- a technical solution adopted in the present application is to provide a pan / tilt head, which includes the motor as described above.
- a technical solution adopted in the present application is to provide an unmanned aerial vehicle, which includes: a gimbal as described above.
- the beneficial effect of the embodiment of the present application is that, unlike the case of the prior art, the motor, the gimbal, and the drone provided in the embodiment of the present application can facilitate the installation of the preloading by providing a preloading hole at the end where the rotating shaft is connected to the bearing Fixtures and bearing preloading, so as to ensure production efficiency, reduce the internal clearance of the bearing, reduce motor vibration and noise, and improve the shooting effect of the gimbal.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a motor provided by one embodiment of the present application.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a stator assembly of the motor shown in FIG. 1;
- FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the stator assembly shown in FIG. 2;
- FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a rotor assembly of the motor shown in FIG. 1;
- FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of the rotor assembly shown in FIG. 4;
- FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a preloading structure provided by one embodiment of the present application.
- FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view of the preloading structure shown in FIG. 6.
- An embodiment of the present application provides a motor.
- a pre-pressure hole is provided at one end of a rotary shaft connected to a bearing, which can facilitate the installation of a pre-pressure fixture and pre-pressure of the bearing. While ensuring production efficiency, the internal clearance of the bearing is reduced. , Reduce motor vibration and noise.
- the motor is applicable to any application field of mechatronics, and in particular, it can be used as a power device on various motor-driven movable devices.
- the movable device may include, but is not limited to, unmanned aircraft aerial (UAV), ships, robots, etc .; or, it can also be used as a control device in devices such as gimbals that have higher requirements for motor shock resistance.
- UAV unmanned aircraft aerial
- an embodiment of the present application further provides a pan / tilt including the motor.
- the pan / tilt can be used to carry any type of camera device, and can be mounted on a mobile device such as a drone, a ship, a robot, etc. Body.
- an embodiment of the present application further provides an unmanned aerial vehicle including the PTZ.
- the gimbal can be mounted on the body of the drone.
- the drone may be any type of unmanned aerial vehicle, which may include, but is not limited to, a single-rotor drone, a multi-rotor drone, a tilt-rotor drone, and the like.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a motor according to an embodiment of the present application.
- the motor 100 includes a stator assembly 10 and a rotor assembly 20, and the rotor assembly 20 is sleeved on the stator assembly 10 and The stator assembly 10 is rotatable.
- the stator assembly 10 includes a stator base 11, an iron core 12, a coil 13, a first bearing 14 and a second bearing 15.
- the iron core 12 is sleeved on the stator base 11; the coil 13 is wound around the iron core 12.
- the stator base 11 is substantially T-shaped, and includes a base 110 and a cylindrical body 112 provided in a middle portion of the base 110.
- the base 110 and the cylindrical body 112 may have independent structures. , Can also be integrated.
- the base 110 in order to enhance the heat dissipation effect of the motor 100, the base 110 may be configured as an open structure, for example, a plurality of hollows such as heat dissipation holes and heat sinks for heat dissipation may be provided thereon. structure.
- the first bearing 14 and the second bearing 15 are respectively accommodated in the first bearing cavity 1120 and the second bearing cavity 1122 of the stator base 11, and are used to install the rotor assembly 20 so that the rotor assembly 20 It can rotate around the center line of the cylinder 112.
- the cylindrical body 112 is substantially a hollow cylindrical structure, and a first bearing cavity 1120 for receiving the first bearing 14 and a second bearing cavity 1122 for receiving the second bearing 15 are provided therein.
- the first bearing cavity 1120 is disposed at an end of the cylindrical body 112 away from the rotor assembly 20, and the second bearing cavity 1122 is disposed at an end of the cylindrical body 112 facing the rotor assembly 20.
- a mounting hole 1124 is provided at an opening of one end of the cylinder body 112 remote from the rotor assembly 20, and the mounting hole 1124 is in communication with the first bearing cavity 1120, and the The first bearing 14 is at least partially exposed to the mounting hole 1124, so that when the bearing is preloaded, a preloading fixture can be partially received in the mounting hole 1124, thereby improving the stability of the preloading fixture.
- the mounting hole 1124 may also be omitted, and the first bearing cavity 1120 is disposed at an opening of an end of the cylinder 112 away from the rotor assembly 20.
- the iron core 12 includes a main body and an insulating layer covering a surface of the main body.
- the body is sleeved outside the cylinder body 112, and the insulation layer is used to isolate the body and the coil 13 to prevent a short circuit of the motor 100.
- the body includes a plurality of teeth for winding the coil 13, and the teeth may be parallel teeth or trapezoidal teeth, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application.
- the body may be formed by stacking materials that are easily magnetized (such as steel, nickel, iron, etc.), and the insulating layer may be formed of any material with insulating properties, such as: plastic, digital powder, 3M860E Powder and so on.
- the body may be made of silicon steel sheets or silicon steel sheets stacked, and the insulation layer may be formed of 3M860E powder coated on the surface of the body.
- the coil 13 includes at least one layer.
- the coil 13 may be wound around the core 12 by a single or multiple enameled copper wires. Teeth.
- the number of turns of the coil 13 may include, but is not limited to, 15 turns, 20 turns, 30 turns, 40 turns, and the like.
- the surface of the first bearing 14 facing away from the rotor assembly 20 is at least partially exposed to the mounting hole 1124 so as to pre-compress the fixture; the second bearing 15 faces the rotor assembly 20.
- the surface is in contact with the rotor assembly 20 (that is, the second bearing 15 is in contact with the rotor assembly 20).
- the first bearing 14 and the second bearing 15 may be any type of bearing, such as a stainless steel bearing, a ceramic bearing, and the like.
- the first bearing 14 and the second bearing 15 are provided to ensure the coaxiality of the stator assembly 10 and the rotor assembly 20 and avoid rotation. Center offset.
- the second bearing 15 may also be omitted; or,
- a third bearing, a fourth bearing, and the like may be added between the first bearing 14 and the second bearing 15, and the number of bearings is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application.
- the second bearing cavity 1122 may be correspondingly omitted in the cylinder 112, or a third bearing cavity and a fourth bearing may be added between the first bearing cavity 1120 and the second bearing cavity 1122. Cavity and so on.
- the rotor assembly 20 includes a casing 21, a permanent magnet 22, and a rotating shaft 23.
- the casing 21 is rotatably sleeved on the outer periphery of the iron core 12; the permanent magnet 22 is disposed on a surface of the casing 21 facing the iron core 12, and a space is left between the casing 21 and the iron core 12. Clearance; one end of the rotating shaft 23 is fixed to the casing 21, and the other end is rotatably installed in the cylinder body 112 through the first bearing 14 and the second bearing 15. Therefore, under the driving of the rotating shaft 23, the casing 21 and the permanent magnet 22 can rotate around the stator assembly 10.
- the permanent magnet 22 has a ring structure, and can be integrally injection-molded from a magnetic material.
- the material of the permanent magnet 22 may be magnetic materials such as ferrite, neodymium iron boron, samarium cobalt permanent magnet material (SmCo).
- the permanent magnet 22 may also be composed of multiple magnets, and the multiple magnets may be evenly distributed on the surface of the housing 212 facing the iron core 12 in the circumferential direction. This embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit this.
- the casing 21 includes an upper cover 210 and a casing 212 extending from an edge of the upper cover 210 toward the base 110.
- the upper cover 210 has a plate shape, and a shaft hole is provided at a middle portion thereof for mounting the rotating shaft 23.
- the upper cover 210 is further provided with a contact portion 2102 on a surface facing the base 110, and the shaft hole penetrates the contact portion 2102.
- the abutting portion 2102 abuts on the second bearing 15.
- the casing 212 has a cylindrical structure and is sleeved on the outer periphery of the iron core 12.
- the casing 21 may be made of a highly effective magnetically permeable material such as 10 # steel, 20 # steel, and the like.
- the upper cover 210 and the housing 212 are integrally formed. In other embodiments, the upper cover 210 and the housing 212 may be independent of each other. Structure, the two can be fixedly connected together by means of snap connection, welding, glue connection and the like.
- One end of the rotating shaft 23 is fixedly installed in the shaft hole of the upper cover 210, and the other end extends into the cylindrical body 112 and is sleeved in the first bearing 14 and the second bearing 15.
- the rotating shaft 23 may be integrally formed with the upper cover 210, or may be tightly connected to the upper cover 210 through an interference fit or the like.
- One end of the rotating shaft 23 sleeved with the first bearing 14 ie, one end of the rotating shaft 23 installed in the cylinder 112 is provided with a pre-pressure hole 230 for installing a pre-pressure fixture.
- the pre-pressing hole 230 may be set to any structural form, and different pre-pressing fixtures may be selected according to different structural forms of the pre-pressing hole 230.
- the pre-pressing hole 230 may specifically be a blind hole with a certain depth, and the pre-pressing fixture may be a pre-pressing weight 200.
- the preload weight 200 is substantially T-shaped (it may be an integrated structure or a discrete structure), has a main body portion 201, and is provided on the main body portion 201.
- the mounting shaft 202 in the middle is adapted to the pre-pressing hole 230.
- the motor 100 When pre-pressing the bearing of the motor 100 through the pre-pressure weight 200, the motor 100 can be placed upside down (that is, the base 110 faces upward), and the pre-pressure weight 200 is mounted on the Above the base 110, the mounting shaft 202 projects into the pre-pressing hole 230, the main body portion 201 is partially received in the mounting hole 1124, and faces away from the rotor assembly 20 with the first bearing 14 By contact, the first bearing 14 and the second bearing 15 can be preloaded by the gravity of the preload weight 200 and the support of the abutment portion 2102.
- the depth of the preload hole 230 is at least 1.5 mm, and the inner diameter is at least 1 mm.
- the depth of the pre-pressure hole 230 is greater than the height of a part of the pre-pressure fixture that cooperates with the pre-pressure hole 230, for example, In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7, the difference h between the depth of the pre-pressing hole 230 and the height of the mounting shaft 202 is at least 0.2 mm.
- the pre-pressing hole 230 is provided as a blind hole with a certain depth, and the pre-pressing weight 200 is used as the pre-pressing jig, and only the pre-pressing weight is required.
- the installation of 200 to the pre-pressing hole 230 can complete the pre-pressing operation of the bearing, which is simple and convenient, and is beneficial to improving the efficiency of the pre-pressing of the bearing.
- the pre-pressing hole 230 may also be provided as a threaded hole, and the pre-pressing jig may also use a screw (wherein one end of the screw is a flat shape or a cross shape) and torque. Combination of batches.
- the structure or shape of the pre-pressing hole 230 is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application, as long as it can cooperate with a corresponding pre-pressing fixture and pre-press the bearing.
- the rotation axis 23 is an optical axis without any steps. Therefore, in this embodiment, the motor 100 may be assembled in a forward direction, that is, the stator assembly 10 and the rotor assembly 20 are respectively assembled, and then the rotating shaft 23 of the rotor assembly 20 is installed.
- To the stator assembly 10 is beneficial to shorten the assembly time of the motor 100 (this is mainly because during the assembly process, the assembly time of installing the permanent magnet 22 to the casing 21 is shorter, and the assembly of the stator assembly The time of 10 is longer, and the assembling of the stator assembly 10 and the rotor assembly 20 can be performed at the same time, reducing the waiting time), and improving the production efficiency; meanwhile, when the motor 100 is running, The end of the rotation shaft 23 connected to the stator assembly 10 is a free end (ie, it is not subject to force in the axial direction), so that the abutting portion 2102 of the housing 21 can be connected to the second bearing.
- the abutment of 15 is beneficial for pre-pressing the second bearing 15, and at the same time, assembly errors can be reduced, making the structure of the motor 100 more compact and conducive to miniaturization design.
- the assembly of the stator assembly 10 may be performed synchronously (for example, the first bearing 14 and the second bearing 15 are respectively installed in the stator base 11 first.
- the rotor assembly 20 is mounted to the stator assembly 10 to complete the assembly of the motor 100 (that is, the rotary shaft 23 is pressed into the first bearing 14 and the second bearing 15) .
- the motor 100 is pre-loaded with a bearing through a pre-pressure fixture (for example, the motor 100 is placed upside down, and the pre-pressure weight 200 is installed above the base 110, and then left to stand 15-20 minutes).
- another embodiment of the present application further provides a pan / tilt head, and the pan / tilt head includes the motor 100 provided in the foregoing embodiment.
- Still another embodiment of the present application further provides a drone.
- the drone includes a fuselage and a gimbal as described above, and the gimbal is mounted on the fuselage.
- the motor, gimbal, and drone provided in the embodiments of the present application are provided with pre-pressure holes at one end of the rotating shaft and the bearing, which can facilitate the installation of pre-pressure fixtures and bearings Pre-compression; bearing pre-compression is achieved through the cooperation of the pre-compression hole and the pre-compression fixture.
- the structure is simple and easy to operate. There is no need to introduce additional pre-compression structure or excessive production processes in the motor. In the case of avoiding excessive increase of production costs, the internal clearance of the bearing is reduced, the vibration and noise of the motor are reduced, and the shooting effect of the gimbal is improved.
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Abstract
一种电机、云台及无人机，该电机包括：定子组件（10）以及套设于该定子组件（10）并且可绕该定子组件（10）旋转的转子组件（20）；其中，该定子组件（10）包括定子座（11）、铁芯（12）、线圈（13）和第一轴承（14），铁芯（12）套设于定子座（11），线圈（13）绕设于铁芯（12），第一轴承（14）收容于定子座（11）内；该转子组件（20）包括机壳（21）、永磁体（22）和转动轴（23）；机壳（21）可转动地套设于铁芯（12）的外周；永磁体（22）设置于机壳（21）朝向铁芯（12）的表面，转动轴（23）的一端固定安装于机壳（21），另一端安装于第一轴承（14）；转动轴（23）与第一轴承（14）连接的一端设置有用于安装预压治具的预压孔（230）。上述技术方案能够便于安装预压治具以及进行轴承预压，在保障生产效率的情况下，减小轴承内部游隙，降低电机振动及噪声。
Description
本申请要求于2018年6月22日提交中国专利局、申请号为2018209759374、申请名称为“一种轴承预压治具及预压方法”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
本申请实施例涉及无人机技术领域，特别是涉及一种电机、云台及无人机。
无人机(Unmanned Aerial Vehicle，UAV)，是一种通过无线电遥控设备和内置的程序来控制飞行姿态的不载人飞机，由于其具有机动灵活、反应快速、无人驾驶、操作要求低等优点，现已广泛应用于航拍、植保、电力巡检、救灾等众多领域。
随着无人机的发展，云台在无人机上的应用也越来越广泛。
在实现本申请的过程中，发明人发现：电机运转后容易因轴承内部游隙过大而产生振动和噪音，进而影响由电机驱动的云台的拍摄效果。常规的电机结构一般不便于进行轴承预压，其预压过程操作时间长，生产效率低。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本申请实施例提供一种电机、云台及无人机，能够解决常规电机不便于进行轴承预压，操作时间长，生产效率低的问题。
为解决上述技术问题，本申请采用的一个技术方案是：提供一种电机，其包括：定子组件以及套设于所述定子组件并且可绕所述定子组件旋转的转 子组件；其中，
所述定子组件包括定子座、铁芯、线圈和第一轴承，所述铁芯套设于所述定子座，所述线圈绕设于所述铁芯，所述第一轴承收容于所述定子座内；
所述转子组件包括机壳、永磁体和转动轴；所述机壳可转动地套设于所述铁芯的外周；所述永磁体设置于所述机壳朝向所述铁芯的表面，所述转动轴的一端固定安装于所述机壳，另一端安装于所述第一轴承；
所述转动轴与所述第一轴承连接的一端设置有用于安装预压治具的预压孔。
在一些实施例中，所述定子座包括基座和设置于所述基座的中部的筒体，所述筒体远离所述转子组件的一端设置有第一轴承腔，所述第一轴承收容于所述第一轴承腔。
在一些实施例中，所述筒体远离所述转子组件的一端的开口处设置有安装孔，所述安装孔与所述第一轴承腔连通，并且，所述第一轴承至少部分暴露于所述安装孔。
在一些实施例中，所述转动轴为光轴。
在一些实施例中，所述筒体朝向所述转子组件的一端还设置有第二轴承腔；所述定子组件还包括第二轴承，所述第二轴承收容于所述第二轴承腔，并且，所述第二轴承与所述转子组件抵接。
在一些实施例中，所述机壳包括上盖以及自所述上盖的边沿延伸形成的外壳，所述外壳套设于所述铁芯的外周，所述上盖朝向所述基座的表面设置有抵接部，所述抵接部与所述第二轴承抵接。
在一些实施例中，所述预压孔的深度大于所述预压治具中与所述预压孔配合的部件的高度。
在一些实施例中，所述预压孔的为盲孔，所述预压治具为预压砝码，所述预压砝码包括主体部以及设置于所述主体部的安装轴，所述安装轴安装于所述预压孔，所述主体部与所述第一轴承背离所述转子组件的表面接触。
在一些实施例中，所述预压孔的深度至少为1.5mm，内径至少为1mm。
在一些实施例中，所述预压孔的深度与所述安装轴的高度之间的差值至少为0.2mm。
在一些实施例中，所述预压孔为螺纹孔，所述预压治具为螺丝与扭力批，所述扭力批用于将所述螺丝安装于所述螺纹孔内。
为解决上述技术问题，本申请采用的一个技术方案是：提供一种云台，其包括：如上所述的电机。
为解决上述技术问题，本申请采用的一个技术方案是：提供一种无人机，其包括：如上所述的云台。
本申请实施例的有益效果是：区别于现有技术的情况，本申请实施例提供的电机、云台及无人机通过在转动轴与轴承连接的一端设置预压孔，能够便于安装预压治具以及进行轴承预压，从而，在保障生产效率的情况下，减小轴承内部游隙，降低电机振动及噪声，提高云台拍摄效果。
一个或多个实施例通过与之对应的附图中的图片进行示例性说明，这些示例性说明并不构成对实施例的限定，附图中具有相同参考数字标号的元件表示为类似的元件，除非有特别申明，附图中的图不构成比例限制。
图1是本申请其中一个实施例提供的一种电机的立体图；
图2是图1所示的电机的定子组件的立体图；
图3是图2所示的定子组件的纵向剖视图；
图4是图1所示的电机的转子组件的立体图；
图5是图4所示的转子组件的纵向剖视图；
图6是本申请其中一个实施例提供的一种预压结构的立体图；
图7是图6所示的预压结构的纵向剖视图。
为了便于理解本申请，下面结合附图和具体实施例，对本申请进行更详细的说明。需要说明的是，当元件被表述“固定于”另一个元件，它可以直接在另一个元件上、或者其间可以存在一个或多个居中的元件。当一个元件被表述“连接”另一个元件，它可以是直接连接到另一个元件、或者其间可以存在一个或多个居中的元件。本说明书所使用的术语“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“水平的”、“垂直的”以及类似的表述只是为了说明的目的。
除非另有定义，本说明书所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。在本申请的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是用于限制本申请。此外，下面所描述的本申请各个实施方式中所涉及到的技术特征只要彼此之间未构成冲突就可以相互组合。本说明书所使用的术语“和/或”包括一个或多个相关的所列项目的任意的和所有的组合。
本申请实施例提供了一种电机，其转动轴与轴承连接的一端设置有预压孔，能够便于安装预压治具以及进行轴承预压，在保障生产效率的同时，减少轴承内部的游隙，降低电机振动及噪音。所述电机适用于任意机电一体化的应用领域，尤其可以作为动力装置应用于各种电机驱动的可移动装置上，举例来说，所述可移动装置可以包括但不限于：无人机(unmanned aerial vehicle，UAV)、轮船、机器人等；或者，其也可以作为控制装置应用在云台等对电机防震性能要求更高的装置中。
进一步地，本申请实施例还提供了一种包括该电机的云台所述云台可用于搭载任意类型的摄像装置，并且，其可安装在无人机、轮船、机器人等可移动装置的机身上。
再者，本申请实施例还提供了一种包括所述云台的无人机。所述云台可安装于所述无人机的机身。所述无人机可以为任意类型的无人飞行器，其可以包括但不限于：单旋翼无人机、多旋翼无人机、倾转旋翼无人机等等。
具体地，下面结合说明书附图对本申请实施例提供的电机、云台及无人机进行详细说明。
图1是本申请其中一个实施例提供的一种电机的结构示意图，请参阅图1，该电机100包括：定子组件10和转子组件20，所述转子组件20套设于所述定子组件10并且可绕所述定子组件10旋转。
请一并参阅图2和图3，所述定子组件10包括：定子座11、铁芯12、线圈13、第一轴承14以及第二轴承15。所述铁芯12套设于所述定子座11上；所述线圈13绕设于所述铁芯12。
具体地，所述定子座11大致呈T型，其包括基座110以及设置于所述基座110的中部的筒体112，所述基座110和所述筒体112可以是相互独立的结构，也可以一体成型。其中，在一些实施例中，为增强所述电机100的散热效果，所述基座110可设置为开放式结构，比如，其上可以设置有多个用于散热的散热孔、散热槽等镂空结构。所述第一轴承14、所述第二轴承15分别收容于所述定子座11的第一轴承腔1120和第二轴承腔1122内，用于安装所述转子组件20，使所述转子组件20能够绕所述筒体112的中心线旋转。所述筒体112大致呈中空的筒状结构，其内设置有用于收容所述第一轴承14的第一轴承腔1120，以及，用于收容所述第二轴承15的第二轴承腔1122。所述第一轴承腔1120设置于所述筒体112远离所述转子组件20的一端，所述第二轴承腔1122设置于所述筒体112朝向所述转子组件20的一端。特别地，在本实施例中，所述筒体112远离所述转子组件20的一端的开口处设置有安装孔1124，所述安装孔1124与所述第一轴承腔1120连通，并且，所述第一轴承14至少部分暴露于所述安装孔1124，从而，在进行轴承预压时，预压治具可以部分收容于所述安装孔1124，进而提升所述预压治具的稳固性。当然，可以理解的是，在其他的一些实施例中，也可以省略所述安装孔1124，所述第一轴承腔1120设置于所述筒体112远离所述转子组件20的一端的开口处。
所述铁芯12包括本体和包覆所述本体的表面的绝缘层。所述本体套设于 所述筒体112之外，所述绝缘层用于隔绝所述本体和所述线圈13，以防止所述电机100出现短路现象。所述本体包括用于绕设所述线圈13的多个齿部，所述齿部可以为平行齿，也可以为梯形齿，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。在实际应用中，所述本体可由容易被磁化的材料(如：钢、镍、铁等)堆叠而成，所述绝缘层可以由任意具有绝缘特性的材料形成，如：塑胶、数码粉、3M860E粉等。其中，为了降低所述电机100的重量，所述本体可由矽钢片或者硅钢片堆叠而成，所述绝缘层可由涂覆在所述本体的表面上的3M860E粉形成。
所述线圈13至少含有一层，为了提高所述电机100的效率以及降低所述电机100的发热量，所述线圈13可以由单根或者多根漆包铜线绕设所述铁芯12的齿部而形成。根据所述电机100的性能要求，所述线圈13的匝数可以包括但不限于15匝、20匝、30匝、40匝等等。
其中，所述第一轴承14背离所述转子组件20的表面至少部分暴露于所述安装孔1124，以便预压治具对其进行预压；所述第二轴承15朝向所述转子组件20的表面与所述转子组件20接触(亦即，所述第二轴承15与所述转子组件20抵接)。在实际应用中，所述第一轴承14和所述第二轴承15可以为任意类型的轴承，比如，不锈钢轴承、陶瓷轴承等。
其中，应当理解的是，在本实施例中，设置有所述第一轴承14和所述第二轴承15，是为了保证所述定子组件10与所述转子组件20的同轴度，避免旋转中心偏移。在其他的一些实施例中，比如，在所述电机100的高度较低的情况下(或者说，在电机的性能要求较低的情况下)，也可以省略所述第二轴承15；或者，在电机性能要求较高情况下，还可以在所述第一轴承14和所述第二轴承15之间增加第三轴承、第四轴承等等，本申请实施例对轴承的数量不作具体限定。相应地，所述筒体112内也可以对应省略所述第二轴承腔1122，或者，在所述第一轴承腔1120和所述第二轴承腔1122之间增加第三轴承腔、第四轴承腔等。
请一并参阅图4和图5，所述转子组件20包括：机壳21、永磁体22以 及转动轴23。所述机壳21可转动地套设于所述铁芯12外周；所述永磁体22设置于所述机壳21朝向所述铁芯12的表面，并且与所述铁芯12之间留有间隙；所述转动轴23的一端固定安装于所述机壳21，另一端通过所述第一轴承14和所述第二轴承15可转动地安装在所述筒体112内。从而，在所述转动轴23的带动下，所述机壳21以及所述永磁体22可绕所述定子组件10旋转。具体地，在本实施例中，所述永磁体22为环状结构，可由磁性材料一体注塑成型。其中，所述永磁体22的材料可以为铁氧体、钕铁硼、钐钴永磁材料(SmCo)等磁性材料。此外，可以理解的是，在其他的一些实施例中，所述永磁体22也可由多个磁体构成，多个所述磁体可沿周向均布于所述外壳212朝向所述铁芯12的表面，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
所述机壳21包括上盖210以及自所述上盖210的边沿朝向所述基座110的方向延伸形成的外壳212。所述上盖210呈板状，其中部设置有轴孔，用于安装所述转动轴23。所述上盖210在朝向所述基座110的表面还设置有抵接部2102，并且，所述轴孔贯穿所述抵接部2102。将所述转子组件20安装至所述定子组件10后，所述抵接部2102与所述第二轴承15抵接。所述外壳212呈筒状结构，套设于所述铁芯12的外周。在实际应用中，所述机壳21可由如10#钢、20#钢等高效导磁材料制成。
其中，可以理解的是，在本实施例中，所述上盖210与所述外壳212一体成型，在其他的一些实施例中，所述上盖210与所述外壳212也可以为相互独立的结构，两者可通过卡扣连接、焊接、胶合连接等方式固定连接在一起。
所述转动轴23的一端固定安装在所述上盖210的轴孔内，另一端伸入所述筒体112，并套设于所述第一轴承14和所述第二轴承15内。其中，所述转动轴23可以与所述上盖210一体成型，也可通过过盈配合等方式与所述上盖210紧固连接。所述转动轴23套设所述第一轴承14的一端(即，所述转动轴23安装于所述筒体112内的一端)设置有预压孔230，用于安装预压治具。
其中，所述预压孔230可以设置为任意的结构形态，并且，根据预压孔230的不同结构形态，可以选用不同的预压治具。比如，在本实施例中，所述预压孔230具体可以为有一定深度的盲孔，则所述预压治具可以为一预压砝码200。具体地，如图6和图7所示，所述预压砝码200大致呈T型(其可以为一体结构也可以为分立结构)，具有主体部201，以及，设置于所述主体部201的中部的安装轴202，所述安装轴202与所述预压孔230适配。通过所述预压砝码200对所述电机100进行轴承预压时，可将所述电机100倒向放置(即，所述基底110朝上)，所述预压砝码200安装于所述基底110的上方，所述安装轴202伸入所述预压孔230内，所述主体部201部分收容于所述安装孔1124，并且与所述第一轴承14背离所述转子组件20的表面接触，从而，通过所述预压砝码200的重力，以及，所述抵持部2102的支撑，即可对所述第一轴承14和所述第二轴承15进行预压。
在实际应用中，为了使得所述预压砝码200能够保持平衡，所述预压孔230的深度至少为1.5mm，内径至少为1mm。此外，为了确保所述预压治具与所述第一轴承14接触，所述预压孔230的深度大于所述预压治具中与所述预压孔230配合的部件的高度，比如，在本实施例中，如图7所示，所述预压孔230的深度与所述安装轴202的高度之间的差值h至少为0.2mm。
其中，可以理解的是，在本实施例中，所述预压孔230设置为有一定深度的盲孔，并且采用所述预压砝码200作为预压治具，只需将预压砝码200安装至所述预压孔230即可完成轴承预压的操作，简单方便，有利于提升轴承预压的效率。在其他的一些实施例中，所述预压孔230也可以设置为螺纹孔，所述预压治具也可以采用螺丝(其中，所述螺丝的一头为一字型或者十字型状)与扭力批的组合。通过所述扭力批将所述螺丝拧入所述螺纹孔，即可对所述第一轴承14和所述第二轴承15产生沿着轴向方向上的力，从而实现轴承预压。因此，本申请实施例对预压孔230的结构或形态不作具体限定，只要其能够与对应的预压治具配合，并且实现轴承预压即可。
再者，在本实施例中，所述转动轴23为光轴，没有任何台阶。从而，在 本实施例中，所述电机100可以采用正向装配，即：分别组装好所述定子组件10和所述转子组件20后，再将所述转子组件20的所述转动轴23安装至所述定子组件10，有利于缩短所述电机100装配时间(这主要是因为在装配的过程中，将所述永磁体22安装至所述机壳21的装配时间较短，而装配定子组件10的时间较长，采用正向装配的方式可以使得所述定子组件10和所述转子组件20的装配同时进行，减少等待时间)，提升生产效率；同时，由于所述电机100运转时，所述转动轴23与所述定子组件10连接的一端为自由端(即，在轴向方向上不受力)，从而使得所述机壳21的所述抵接部2102能够与所述第二轴承15抵接，有利于对所述第二轴承15进行预压，同时，还可以减少装配误差，使得所述电机100的结构更加紧凑，有利于小型化设计。
基于上述结构，在生产所述电机100时，可以首先同步进行所述定子组件10的装配(比如，首先将所述第一轴承14和所述第二轴承15分别安装于所述定子座11内的第一轴承腔1120和第二轴承腔1122，然后将所述线圈13绕设于所述铁芯12，最后将所述铁芯12套设于所述定子座11)和所述转子组件20的装配(比如，首先将所述永磁体22安装至所述机壳21，然后再将所述转动轴23压入所述机壳21)。然后，将所述转子组件20安装至所述定子组件10以完成所述电机100的组装(亦即，将所述转动轴23压入所述第一轴承14和所述第二轴承15内)。最后，通过预压治具对所述电机100进行轴承预压(比如，将所述电机100倒向放置，并将所述预压砝码200安装于所述基座110的上方，然后静置15～20分钟即可)。
进一步地，本申请另一实施例还提供一种云台，所述云台包括以上实施例提供的所述电机100。
进一步地，本申请又一实施例还提供一种无人机，所述无人机包括机身以及如上所述的云台，所述云台安装在所述机身上。
总的来说，区别于现有技术的情况，本申请实施例提供的电机、云台及无人机在转动轴与轴承连接的一端设置预压孔，能够便于安装预压治具以及进行轴承预压；通过所述预压孔与预压治具的配合实现轴承预压，结构简单、操作方便并且无需在电机中引入额外的预压结构或者过多的生产工艺，能够在保障生产效率以及避免增加过多的生产成本的情况下，减小轴承内部游隙，降低电机振动及噪声，提高云台拍摄效果。
需要说明的是，本申请的说明书及其附图中给出了本申请的较佳的实施例，但是，本申请可以通过许多不同的形式来实现，并不限于本说明书所描述的实施例，这些实施例不作为对本申请内容的额外限制，提供这些实施例的目的是使对本申请的公开内容的理解更加透彻全面。并且，上述各技术特征继续相互组合，形成未在上面列举的各种实施例，均视为本申请说明书记载的范围；进一步地，对本领域普通技术人员来说，可以根据上述说明加以改进或变换，而所有这些改进和变换都应属于本申请所附权利要求的保护范围。
Claims (13)
- 一种电机，其特征在于，包括：定子组件以及套设于所述定子组件并且可绕所述定子组件旋转的转子组件；其中，所述定子组件包括定子座、铁芯、线圈和第一轴承，所述铁芯套设于所述定子座，所述线圈绕设于所述铁芯，所述第一轴承收容于所述定子座内；所述转子组件包括机壳、永磁体和转动轴；所述机壳可转动地套设于所述铁芯的外周；所述永磁体设置于所述机壳朝向所述铁芯的表面，所述转动轴的一端固定安装于所述机壳，另一端安装于所述第一轴承；所述转动轴与所述第一轴承连接的一端设置有用于安装预压治具的预压孔。
- 根据权利要求1所述的电机，其特征在于，所述定子座包括基座和设置于所述基座的中部的筒体，所述筒体远离所述转子组件的一端设置有第一轴承腔，所述第一轴承收容于所述第一轴承腔。
- 根据权利要求2所述的电机，其特征在于，所述筒体远离所述转子组件的一端的开口处设置有安装孔，所述安装孔与所述第一轴承腔连通，并且，所述第一轴承至少部分暴露于所述安装孔。
- 根据权利要求2所述的电机，其特征在于，所述转动轴为光轴。
- 根据权利要求4所述的电机，其特征在于，所述筒体朝向所述转子组件的一端还设置有第二轴承腔；所述定子组件还包括第二轴承，所述第二轴承收容于所述第二轴承腔，并且，所述第二轴承与所述转子组件抵接。
- 根据权利要求5所述的电机，其特征在于，所述机壳包括上盖以及自 所述上盖的边沿延伸形成的外壳，所述外壳套设于所述铁芯的外周，所述上盖朝向所述基座的表面设置有抵接部，所述抵接部与所述第二轴承抵接。
- 根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的电机，其特征在于，所述预压孔的深度大于所述预压治具中与所述预压孔配合的部件的高度。
- 根据权利要求7所述的电机，其特征在于，所述预压孔的为盲孔，所述预压治具为预压砝码，所述预压砝码包括主体部以及设置于所述主体部的安装轴，所述安装轴安装于所述预压孔，所述主体部与所述第一轴承背离所述转子组件的表面接触。
- 根据权利要求8所述的电机，其特征在于，所述预压孔的深度至少为1.5mm，内径至少为1mm。
- 根据权利要求9所述的电机，其特征在于，所述预压孔的深度与所述安装轴的高度之间的差值至少为0.2mm。
- 根据权利要求7所述的电机，其特征在于，所述预压孔为螺纹孔，所述预压治具为螺丝与扭力批，所述扭力批用于将所述螺丝安装于所述螺纹孔内。
- 一种云台，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1-11任一项所述的电机。
- 一种无人机，其特征在于，包括如权利要求12所述的云台。
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| JP2006109592A (ja) * | 2004-10-04 | 2006-04-20 | Yaskawa Electric Corp | 軸受予圧構造モータ |
| JP2006138478A (ja) * | 2005-11-22 | 2006-06-01 | Nsk Ltd | 密封形転がり軸受 |
| CN1877967A (zh) * | 2005-06-09 | 2006-12-13 | 台达电子工业股份有限公司 | 双向缓冲的马达机构 |
| CN1896547A (zh) * | 2005-07-13 | 2007-01-17 | 富准精密工业(深圳)有限公司 | 具阻尼结构的风扇 |
| CN201167280Y (zh) * | 2007-07-06 | 2008-12-17 | 株式会社模雅特 | 具有预压构件的步进马达 |
| CN203193411U (zh) * | 2013-01-11 | 2013-09-11 | 江苏丰科超声电机科技有限公司 | 定子完全固定的中空式超声电机 |
| CN204258508U (zh) * | 2013-09-20 | 2015-04-08 | 日本电产株式会社 | 马达 |
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- 2018-06-22 CN CN201820975937.4U patent/CN208508693U/zh active Active
- 2018-11-07 WO PCT/CN2018/114319 patent/WO2019242211A1/zh active Application Filing
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1455503A (zh) * | 2002-04-30 | 2003-11-12 | 株式会社三协精机制作所 | 电机 |
| CN1676941A (zh) * | 2004-03-29 | 2005-10-05 | 亚洲光学股份有限公司 | 可使轴承被预压的旋转组合体 |
| JP2006109592A (ja) * | 2004-10-04 | 2006-04-20 | Yaskawa Electric Corp | 軸受予圧構造モータ |
| CN1877967A (zh) * | 2005-06-09 | 2006-12-13 | 台达电子工业股份有限公司 | 双向缓冲的马达机构 |
| CN1896547A (zh) * | 2005-07-13 | 2007-01-17 | 富准精密工业(深圳)有限公司 | 具阻尼结构的风扇 |
| JP2006138478A (ja) * | 2005-11-22 | 2006-06-01 | Nsk Ltd | 密封形転がり軸受 |
| CN201167280Y (zh) * | 2007-07-06 | 2008-12-17 | 株式会社模雅特 | 具有预压构件的步进马达 |
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| CN204258508U (zh) * | 2013-09-20 | 2015-04-08 | 日本电产株式会社 | 马达 |
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