WO2019232687A1 - 超快硬特种无机胶凝材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

超快硬特种无机胶凝材料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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WO2019232687A1
WO2019232687A1 PCT/CN2018/089894 CN2018089894W WO2019232687A1 WO 2019232687 A1 WO2019232687 A1 WO 2019232687A1 CN 2018089894 W CN2018089894 W CN 2018089894W WO 2019232687 A1 WO2019232687 A1 WO 2019232687A1
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ultra
parts
special inorganic
gypsum
lime
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PCT/CN2018/089894
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徐玲玲
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华智节能(香港)有限公司
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B11/00Calcium sulfate cements
    • C04B11/28Mixtures thereof with other inorganic cementitious materials

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  • the invention relates to a special inorganic cementitious material with ultra-fast hardening characteristics prepared by using a silicon-containing aluminum material as a main raw material, and belongs to the technical field of building materials.
  • Cementing materials are the main materials of buildings and structures.
  • cement is a hydraulic inorganic gelling material
  • gypsum is a gas-hardening inorganic cementing material
  • they are all indispensable building materials in modern construction industry.
  • Cement is produced by using limestone, clay and iron powder as raw materials through grinding, raw material mixing, calcination and clinker grinding.
  • the requirements for raw materials such as limestone and clay are high.
  • China can Satisfying the high-grade limestone reserves of cement production for less than 100 years of use, which has not yet been included in the use needs of other industries; clay is a valuable farmland. In China, where the per capita farmland area is low, the importance of protecting farmland is important.
  • the amount of use should be reduced as much as possible.
  • the grinding of raw and clinker and the calcination of cement clinker not only it consumes very high energy, but also releases a large amount of carbon dioxide gas, which causes a serious greenhouse effect. Therefore, ultra-fast hard special cementitious materials and The study of its preparation method has important social significance and economic benefits.
  • Silicon-aluminum-containing materials such as slag, fly ash, coal gangue, and other industrial solid by-products, have been widely used in building materials.
  • the general technology is used as cement mixtures, concrete admixtures, and clinker preparation.
  • the silicon-aluminum-containing material is required to be dry, or there is a drying device in the production line, and materials with large water content cannot be directly applied. Because this kind of material is relatively fine in particle size, difficult to dry and high in energy consumption, it is planned to develop technology that directly applies raw materials with large water content.
  • One of the objectives of the present invention is to provide a technology that can directly and in large quantities use a low-quality silicon-aluminum-containing substance having a high water content in response to the problems existing in the prior art.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing an ultra-fast hard special inorganic gelling material by using the above raw materials.
  • the first object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical scheme: in terms of mass parts, 60 to 80 parts of a silicon-aluminum material having a moisture content of 10% to 20% and 20 to 30 parts of lime (calculated as effective CaO) are uniformly mixed After grinding, it is prepared into small balls. After steam curing and calcination, clinker is obtained, and then 90 to 95 parts of clinker and 5 to 10 parts of gypsum are prepared.
  • the silicon-aluminum-containing material may be wet exhausted fly ash of a thermal power plant, or fly ash stored for many years, or existing dry exhausted fly ash (adding a corresponding amount of water when mixing).
  • the lime is calcium lime that meets the technical index of JC / T 479 "Building Quicklime” and calcium lime that meets the technical index of JC / T 481 "Building Quicklime”.
  • FIG. 1 The second object of the present invention is achieved in this way, please refer to FIG. 1:
  • a method for preparing a super fast hard special inorganic gelling material the main steps are as follows:
  • Step (1) Take 60 to 80 parts of silicon-aluminum-containing material with a water content of 10% to 20%, and measure 20 to 30 parts of lime in proportion;
  • Step (2) uniformly mixing the batch materials and grinding for about 30 minutes;
  • Step (3) pressing the batch into pellets
  • Step (4) curing the pellets under a saturated steam at 120-200 ° C for 4-14 hours, preparing a steamed nutrient, and subjecting it to natural cooling;
  • Step (5) calcining the steamed nutrient at 750-950 ° C for 30-120 minutes, and quenching with air to prepare mature material;
  • Step (6) grind 90-95 parts of the clinker together with 5-10 parts of gypsum, control the specific surface area to be 350-500 m 2 / kg, and prepare an ultra-fast hard special inorganic gelling material.
  • the silicon-aluminum-containing material is a wet exhausted fly ash of a thermal power plant, or a fly ash stored for many years, or an existing dry exhausted fly ash.
  • the lime satisfies the technical index of JC / T 479 "Building Quicklime” and the calcareous slaked lime that meets the technical index of JC / T 481 "Building Calcined Lime”.
  • the gypsum is one or a combination of dihydrate gypsum, hemihydrate gypsum and anhydrous gypsum.
  • the ultra-fast hard special inorganic cementitious material of the present invention can use low-quality wet dump stockpiled fly ash with high water content and high carbon content as raw materials, the utilization rate of fly ash is increased, and the stockpiled fly ash resource can be realized. Utilize, reduce land occupation, save natural resources, and improve the environment; the invention uses the principle of alkaline excitation to stimulate the fly ash activity, promote wet waste storage of fly ash to participate in the reaction, promote the acceleration and completion of the reaction, and improve the pulverized coal Ash utilization
  • the preparation method of the ultra-fast hard special inorganic gelling material of the invention is simple, does not require large-scale equipment, reduces energy consumption, and reduces greenhouse gas emissions;
  • the ultra-fast hard special inorganic cementitious material has the characteristics of quick setting early strength, continuous strength development in the later period, good water resistance and acid corrosion resistance, and is suitable for sprayed concrete engineering and underwater underground engineering.
  • FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of a method for preparing a super fast hard special inorganic gelling material according to the present invention.
  • Table 1 shows the test results of the setting time, the strength of the pulp test body, the strength of the standard mortar, and the resistance to sulfate attack of the ultra-fast hard special inorganic cementitious materials obtained in each example.
  • the batch (by mass parts) contains the following ingredients:
  • the batch (by mass parts) contains the following ingredients:
  • the batch (by mass parts) contains the following ingredients:
  • Ingredients (based on quality samples) contain the following ingredients:

Abstract

一种超快硬无机胶凝材料及其制备方法,是由粉煤灰、石灰和水制得的料块经蒸养和煅烧所得的熟料与石膏共同粉磨制得。将含水量10%~20%粉煤灰60~80份和石灰20~30份混合搅拌均匀后成型成料块,在120~200℃蒸养4~14h后在750~900℃煅烧30~120min,采取空气急冷得到熟料;将熟料90~95份与石膏5~10份共同粉磨至比表面积为350~500m 2/kg即得。制备的无机胶凝材料具有节能环保、快凝早强、后期强度持续发展、抗水性和抗酸腐蚀性好的特性,适用于喷射混凝土工程及水下地下工程等。将该超快硬特种无机胶凝材料与硅酸盐水泥按比例互掺使用,在强度方面也有着一定程度的提高。

Description

超快硬特种无机胶凝材料及其制备方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种以含硅铝物质为主要原料制备的具有超快硬特征的特种无机胶凝材料,属于建筑材料技术领域。
背景技术
胶凝材料是建筑物和构筑物的主要材料,如水泥就是一种水硬性无机胶凝材料,石膏是一种气硬性无机胶凝材料,都是现代建筑工业中不可缺少的建筑材料。水泥是以石灰石、黏土和铁粉等为原材料经过粉磨、生料混合、煅烧及熟料粉磨等工艺生产的,对石灰石和黏土等原材料的品位要求高,而据资源矿产探查,我国能满足水泥生产的高品位石灰石储量已不足100年使用量,还没有计入其它产业的使用需求;黏土是宝贵的耕田,在人均耕田面积较低的中国,保护耕田的重要性不言而喻,应尽可能减少使用量。另一方面,在生料和熟料的粉磨、水泥熟料的煅烧过程中,不仅消耗很高能量,并且释放出大量的二氧化碳气体导致严重的温室效应,因此超快硬特种胶凝材料及其制备方法的研究具有重要的社会意义和经济效益。
含硅铝物质,诸如矿渣、粉煤灰、煤矸石等多种工业固体副产物,已被大量的应用于建筑材料中,通用技术是用作水泥的混合材、混凝土的掺合料及熟料制备的原料。在上述应用技术中含硅铝物质要求是干燥的,或在生产线中有干燥设备,含水量大的材料不能直接应用。而该类物质由于是颗粒度较细,干燥难度大,能耗高,因此拟开发直接应用含水量大的原材料的技术。
发明内容
本发明的目的之一是针对上述现有技术存在的问题,提供一种可以直接并大量利用含水量高的低品质含硅铝物质的技术。
本发明的目的之二是提供采用上述原料制备超快硬特种无机胶凝材料的方法。
本发明的第一个目的是通过以下技术方案实现的:按质量份计,含水率10%~20%的含硅铝物质60~80份和石灰20~30份(以有效CaO计)混合均匀,粉磨后制备成小球,经蒸养和煅烧得到熟料,再取熟料90~95份和石膏5~10份制得。
所述含硅铝物质可以是火电发电厂的湿排粉煤灰,或为多年堆存的粉煤灰,或为现有的干排粉煤灰(在混合时加入相应量的水)。
所述石灰为满足JC/T 479《建筑生石灰》技术指标的钙质石灰和满足JC/T 481《建筑消石灰》技术指标的钙质消石灰。
本发明的第二个目的是这样实现的,请参阅图1:
一种超快硬特种无机胶凝材料制备方法,其主要步骤如下:
步骤(1):取含水量10%~20%的含硅铝物质60~80份、石灰20~30份按比例计量;
步骤(2):将所述配合料均匀混合,粉磨30min左右;
步骤(3):将所述配合料压制成小球;
步骤(4):将所述小球在120~200℃饱和蒸汽下养护4~14小时,制备成蒸养料,且经自然冷却;
步骤(5):将所述蒸养料在750~950℃下煅烧30~120分钟,采用空气急冷,制备成熟料;及
步骤(6):将所述熟料90~95份与石膏5~10份共同粉磨,控制比表面积为350~500m 2/kg,制备得到一种超快硬特种无机胶凝材料。
所述含硅铝物质是火力发电厂的湿排粉煤灰,或为多年堆存的粉煤灰,或为现有的干排粉煤灰。
所述石灰满足JC/T 479《建筑生石灰》技术指标的钙质石灰和满足JC/T 481《建筑消石灰》技术指标的钙质消石灰。
所述石膏为二水石膏、半水石膏和无水石膏中的一种或几种的组合。
本发明的有益效果为:
本发明超快硬特种无机胶凝材料可以用含水量高及含碳量高的低品质湿排堆存粉煤灰为原料,粉煤灰利用率增大,可以实现堆存粉煤灰资源化利用,减少土地的占用,节约自然资源,改善环境;本发明采用碱性激发原理对粉煤灰活性进行激发,促使湿排堆存粉煤灰参与反应,促进反应的加速和完成,提高粉煤灰利用率;
本发明超快硬特种无机胶凝材料的制备工艺方法简单,无需大型的设备且能耗降低,温室气体排放量少;
本发明超快硬特种无机胶凝材料具有快凝早强、后期强度持续发展、抗水性和抗酸腐蚀性好的特性,适用于喷射混凝土工程及水下地下工程等。
附图说明
图1为本发明超快硬特种无机胶凝材料制备方法的工艺流程图。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例的方式对本发明技术方案进行详细说明,但是本发明的保护范围不局限于所述实施例。各实施例所得的超快硬特种无机胶凝材料的凝结时间、净浆试体强度、标准胶砂强度和耐硫酸盐侵蚀性检测结果见表1。
实施例1
配合料(按质量份计)含有以下成分:
粉煤灰                 78份
生石灰(以CaO计)        22份
按上述质量比秤取粉煤灰、生石灰,将配合料倒入搅拌机中,加入52份水后搅拌3min,净浆成型20mm×20mm×20mm的料块;将料块在蒸养箱中160℃蒸养6h得到蒸养料,将蒸养料用小型窑炉850℃煅烧90min后取出在空气急冷得到熟料;取熟料95份与无水石膏5份共同粉磨至比表面积为482m 2/kg制得一种超快硬特种无机胶凝材料。
实施例2
配合料(按质量份计)含有以下成分:
粉煤灰                 70份
生石灰(以CaO计)        30份
按上述质量比秤取粉煤灰、生石灰,将配合料倒入搅拌机中,加入58份水后搅拌3min,净浆成型20mm×20mm×20mm的料块,将料块在蒸养箱中160℃蒸养6h得到蒸养料,将蒸养料用小型窑炉850℃煅烧90min后取出在空气急冷得到熟料,取熟料95份与二水石膏5份共同粉磨至比表面积为460m 2/kg制得一种超快硬特种无机胶凝材料。
实施例3
配合料(按质量份计)含有以下成分:
粉煤灰                 78份
生石灰(以CaO计)        22份
按上述质量比秤取粉煤灰、生石灰,将配合料倒入搅拌机中,加入56份水后搅拌3min,净浆成型20mm×20mm×20mm的料块;将料块在蒸养箱中195℃蒸养14h得到蒸养料,将蒸养料用小型窑炉850℃煅烧90min后取出在空气急冷得到熟料;取熟料92份与无水石膏8份共同粉磨至比表面积为440m 2/kg制得一种超快硬特种无机胶凝材料。
实施例4
配合料(按质样份计)含有以下成分:
粉煤灰                     70份
生石灰(以CaO计)            30份
按上述质量比秤取粉煤灰、生石灰,将配合料倒入搅拌机中,加入58份水后搅拌3min,净浆成型20mm×20mm×20mm的料块;将料块在蒸养箱中195℃蒸养14h得到蒸养料,将蒸养料用小型窑炉850℃煅烧90min后取出在空气急冷得到熟料;取熟料92份与无水石膏8份共同粉磨至比表面积为458m 2/kg制得一种超快硬特种无机胶凝材料。
按通用水泥相应标准试验方法(GB 175-2007)测得实施例1~2超快硬特种无机胶凝材料的密度、标准稠度需水量、凝结时间、标准胶砂强度的结果见下表。
表1
Figure PCTCN2018089894-appb-000001

Claims (10)

  1. 一种超快硬特种无机胶凝材料,其特征在于:按质量份计,含水率10%~20%的含硅铝物质60~80份和石灰20~30份混合均匀,石灰份数以有效CaO计算,粉磨后制备成小球,经蒸养和煅烧得到熟料,再取熟料90~95份和石膏5~10份制得。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种超快硬特种无机胶凝材料,其特征在于:所述含硅铝物质是火电发电厂的湿排粉煤灰,或为多年堆存的粉煤灰,或为现有的干排粉煤灰在混合时加入相应量的水。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种超快硬特种无机胶凝材料,其特征在于:所述石灰为满足JC/T 479标准的建筑生石灰技术指标的钙质石灰和满足JC/T 481标准的建筑消石灰技术指标的钙质消石灰。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种超快硬特种无机胶凝材料,其特征在于:所述石膏为二水石膏、半水石膏和无水石膏中的一种或几种的组合。
  5. 一种超快硬特种无机胶凝材料制备方法,其特征在于:该方法的步骤如下:
    (1):取含水量10%~20%的含硅铝物质60~80份、石灰20~30份按比例计量;
    (2):将所述配合料均匀混合,粉磨30min左右;
    (3):将所述配合料压制成小球;
    (4):将所述小球在120~200℃饱和蒸汽下养护4~14小时,制备成蒸养料,且经自然冷却;
    (5):将所述蒸养料在750~950℃下煅烧30~120分钟,采用空气急冷,制备成熟料;
    (6):将所述熟料90~95份与石膏5~10份共同粉磨,控制比表面积为350~500m2/kg,制备得到一种超快硬特种无机胶凝材料。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的一种超快硬特种无机胶凝材料制备方法,其特征在于:所述含硅铝物质是火电发电厂的湿排粉煤灰,或为多年堆存的粉煤灰,或为现有的干排粉煤灰在混合时加入相应量的水。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的一种超快硬特种无机胶凝材料制备方法,其特征在于:所述石灰为满足JC/T 479标准的建筑生石灰技术指标的钙质石灰和满足JC/T 481标准的建筑消石灰技术指标的钙质消石灰。
  8. 根据权利要求5所述的一种超快硬特种无机胶凝材料制备方法,其特征在于:所述石膏为二水石膏、半水石膏和无水石膏中的一种或几种的组合。
  9. 根据权利要求5所述的一种超快硬特种无机胶凝材料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述蒸养料的蒸汽养护温度为120~200℃。
  10. 根据权利要求5所述的一种超快硬特种无机胶凝材料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述熟料的煅烧温度为750~900℃。
PCT/CN2018/089894 2018-06-05 2018-06-05 超快硬特种无机胶凝材料及其制备方法 WO2019232687A1 (zh)

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CN113105199A (zh) * 2021-04-19 2021-07-13 福建厚德节能科技发展有限公司 一种装配式蒸压加气混凝土板材及其制备方法
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CN114890765A (zh) * 2022-06-10 2022-08-12 四川方大新型建材科技开发有限责任公司 抹灰石膏及其制备方法

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CN113105199A (zh) * 2021-04-19 2021-07-13 福建厚德节能科技发展有限公司 一种装配式蒸压加气混凝土板材及其制备方法
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